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Kunnam J, Pinta W, Ruttanaprasert R, Bunphan D, Thabthimtho T, Aninbon C. Stability of Phenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Grain Yield of Six Rice Genotypes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2787. [PMID: 37570941 PMCID: PMC10421503 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The environment is the main factor affecting variations in phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in rice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of grain yield, phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity of six rice genotypes. Six rice genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates at three locations in Trat, Bangkok and Sakon Nakhon provinces in July-October 2019. Data on grain yield, yield components, total phenolic content, ferulic acid and antioxidant capacity were recorded. Grain yield was highest for crops grown in Bangkok, whereas antioxidant activity was highest for crops grown in Bangkok and Sakon Nakhon. Hom Nang Nual 1 and Mali Nil Boran had the highest grain yield. Riceberry had the highest grain yield in Trat; it also had high levels of total phenolic compounds, ferulic acid and antioxidant activity. Mali Nil Boran, Mali Nil Surin and Riceberry had the most stable total phenolic content, ferulic acid and antioxidant activity, respectively. Information on the levels and variability of phytochemicals in rice enables the selection of genotypes with high and stabile phytochemicals for production and rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthathip Kunnam
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (J.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Wanwipa Pinta
- Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand;
| | - Ruttanachira Ruttanaprasert
- Department of Plant Science, Textile and Design, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand;
| | - Darika Bunphan
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand;
| | - Thanasin Thabthimtho
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (J.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Chorkaew Aninbon
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (J.K.); (T.T.)
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2
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Simultaneous analysis of free phytosterols and phytosterol glycosides in rice bran by SPE/GC–MS. Food Chem 2022; 387:132742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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De Santis MA, Soccio M, Laus MN, Flagella Z. Influence of Drought and Salt Stress on Durum Wheat Grain Quality and Composition: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2599. [PMID: 34961071 PMCID: PMC8708103 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is a staple crop for the Mediterranean diet because of its adaptability to environmental pressure and for its large use in cereal-based food products, such as pasta and bread, as a source of calories and proteins. Durum wheat whole grains are also highly valued for their peculiar amount of dietary fiber and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds of particular interest for their putative health-beneficial properties, including polyphenols, carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and phytosterols. In Mediterranean environments, durum wheat is mostly grown under rainfed conditions, where the crop often experiences environmental stresses, especially water deficit and soil salinity that may induce a hyperosmotic stress. In particular, changes in C and N accumulation due to these abiotic conditions, during grain filling, can influence starch and storage protein amount and composition in durum wheat caryopsis, thus influencing yield and quality traits. Recent advancements regarding the influence of water deficit and salinity stress on durum wheat are critically discussed. In particular, a focus on stress-induced changes in (a) grain protein content and composition in relation to technological and health quality; (b) starch and dietary fiber accumulation and composition; (c) phytochemical composition; (d) health-related grain micronutrient accumulation, such as Fe and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Andrea De Santis
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.N.L.)
| | | | | | - Zina Flagella
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.N.L.)
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4
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Wedow JM, Burroughs CH, Rios Acosta L, Leakey ADB, Ainsworth EA. Age-dependent increase in α-tocopherol and phytosterols in maize leaves exposed to elevated ozone pollution. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00307. [PMID: 33615114 PMCID: PMC7876508 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant that significantly damages crop production. Crop metabolic responses to rising chronic ozone stress have not been well studied in the field, especially in C4 crops. In this study, we investigated the metabolomic profile of leaves from two diverse maize (Zea mays) inbred lines and the hybrid cross during exposure to season-long elevated ozone (~100 nl L-1) in the field using free air concentration enrichment (FACE) to identify key biochemical responses of maize to elevated ozone. Senescence, measured by loss of chlorophyll content, was accelerated in the hybrid line, B73 × Mo17, but not in either inbred line (B73 or Mo17). Untargeted metabolomic profiling further revealed that inbred and hybrid lines of maize differed in metabolic responses to ozone. A significant difference in the metabolite profile of hybrid leaves exposed to elevated ozone occurred as leaves aged, but no age-dependent difference in leaf metabolite profiles between ozone conditions was measured in the inbred lines. Phytosterols and α-tocopherol levels increased in B73 × Mo17 leaves as they aged, and to a significantly greater degree in elevated ozone stress. These metabolites are involved in membrane stabilization and chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenching. The hybrid line also showed significant yield loss at elevated ozone, which the inbred lines did not. This suggests that the hybrid maize line was more sensitive to ozone exposure than the inbred lines, and up-regulated metabolic pathways to stabilize membranes and quench ROS in response to chronic ozone stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Wedow
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Charles H. Burroughs
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Lorena Rios Acosta
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Andrew D. B. Leakey
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. Ainsworth
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- USDA ARS Global Change and Photosynthesis Research UnitUrbanaILUSA
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5
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Characterization and determination of free phytosterols and phytosterol conjugates: The potential phytochemicals to classify different rice bran oil and rice bran. Food Chem 2020; 344:128624. [PMID: 33248841 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytosterols are important beneficial compounds found in rice bran (RB) and rice bran oil (RBO). Although relationships have been confirmed between the forms of phytosterols and their bioactivities, the analysis of different forms of phytosterols in RB and RBO has been lacking. In this study, high temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HTGC-MS) was combined with the single standard to determine multi-components (SSDMC) method to determine free sterols (FSs) and steryl glycosides (SGs) in RB and RBO. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine steryl ferulates (SFs). There was clear variation in the composition of FS, SF and SG, indicating that different forms of phytosterols can discriminate between different RB and RBO. The developed method may be also useful for the detection of other compounds of interest in oils, oil seeds or cereals.
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6
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Kumar MSS, Mawlong I, Ali K, Tyagi A. Regulation of phytosterol biosynthetic pathway during drought stress in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:11-20. [PMID: 29783097 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to drought stress in the form of various physio-biochemical and molecular changes at both cellular and molecular levels. Drought stress causes the destruction of cell membranes by disintegration of membrane lipids. One of the major groups of membrane lipids that plays important role in preserving the integrity of cell membranes is phytosterols. HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) is the principal enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant sterols, synthesized via mevalonic acid pathway. Phospholipid: sterol acyltransferase (PSAT) is another important enzyme that plays an important role in turnover of phytosterols into steryl esters and helps maintain homeostasis of membrane lipids. In this study, the expression of both HMGR and PSAT genes in drought sensitive (IR64) and drought tolerant (N22) rice cultivars under applied drought conditions were found to be elevated. The increase in expression of these genes was proportional to the level of severity of applied drought stress. This is substantiated by the negative correlation of HMGR and PSAT expression to relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI). Expression of PSAT was also found to be positively correlated to ABA content and HMGR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Sujith Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Ibandalin Mawlong
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Kishwar Ali
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Aruna Tyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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7
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Phytosterols and their derivatives: Structural diversity, distribution, metabolism, analysis, and health-promoting uses. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:35-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Shamloo M, Babawale EA, Furtado A, Henry RJ, Eck PK, Jones PJH. Effects of genotype and temperature on accumulation of plant secondary metabolites in Canadian and Australian wheat grown under controlled environments. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9133. [PMID: 28831148 PMCID: PMC5567368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Predictions of global increased temperature are for 1.8–4 °C by 2100. Increased temperature as an abiotic stress may exert a considerable influence on the levels of secondary metabolites in plants. These secondary metabolites may possibly exert biological activities beneficial in prevention or treatment of disorders linked to oxidative stress in human. Wheat secondary compounds in three Canadian and three Australian genotypes grown under controlled environments, in which the only changing parameter was temperature, were investigated. Kennedy and AC Navigator contained the highest amount of total phenolic acids among Australian and Canadian wheat genotypes, respectively. The total phenolic acids and total flavonoid contents of wheat genotypes increased following the increase of the growing temperature. In all the wheat genotypes, regardless of their growing temperatures, linoleic acid (C18:2n6) was measured as the main fatty acid. Significant increases in palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1n9) and significant decreases in linoleic acid (C18:2n6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n3) were observed at increased of growing temperature for all wheat genotypes. Growing temperature decreased campesterol content of wheat genotypes. Genotype and growing temperature significantly shifted the production of wheat secondary metabolites. This information might be used as a guide for breeding wheat varieties with higher antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shamloo
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Babawale
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter K Eck
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, W569 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter J H Jones
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. .,Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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9
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Tsuzuki W, Mogushi H, Kawahara S, Kotake-Nara E, Komba S, Kanai Y, Yamada S, Horigane A. The content and distribution of steryl ferulates in wheat produced in Japan. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 81:573-580. [PMID: 27876437 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1259549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oryzanol contained in rice bran is a complex mixture of steryl ferulates (SFs) with many identified health benefits. Recently, SF has been shown to exist in other cereals such as wheat, rye, and corn. In this study, SFs in several wheats produced in Japan were analyzed. For instance, SF content of whole wheat grain, Yumekaori (Japan) was 15.2 ± 1.4 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g grain, while that of the imported one, 1CW (Canada) was 11.4 ± 1.3 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g grain. The main SF components in the examined wheats were campesteryl ferulate, campestanyl ferulate, and sitostanyl ferulate. SF distribution in whole wheat grain was investigated using 14 fractions produced by a conventional test milling machine. SF was intensively accumulated in the four bran fractions (24 - 95 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g bran fraction). These results suggest that the wheat bran would be an important source of SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Tsuzuki
- a National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Food Research Institute , Tsukuba , Japan
| | | | | | - Eiichi Kotake-Nara
- a National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Food Research Institute , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Shiro Komba
- a National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Food Research Institute , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kanai
- a National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Food Research Institute , Tsukuba , Japan
| | | | - Akira Horigane
- a National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Food Research Institute , Tsukuba , Japan
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10
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Chen CYO, Kamil A, Blumberg JB. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of whole wheat products. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:63-70. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.971228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Fardet A. How can both the health potential and sustainability of cereal products be improved? A French perspective. J Cereal Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Martini D, Taddei F, Nicoletti I, Ciccoritti R, Corradini D, D'Egidio MG. Effects of Genotype and Environment on Phenolic Acids Content and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Durum Wheat. Cereal Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-09-13-0201-cesi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per la Valorizzazione Qualitativa dei Cereali (CRA-QCE), Via Cassia 176, 00191 Rome, Italy
- Università Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Taddei
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per la Valorizzazione Qualitativa dei Cereali (CRA-QCE), Via Cassia 176, 00191 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Nicoletti
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Montelibretti (RM), Italy
| | - Roberto Ciccoritti
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per la Valorizzazione Qualitativa dei Cereali (CRA-QCE), Via Cassia 176, 00191 Rome, Italy
- Università Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Corradini
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Montelibretti (RM), Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D'Egidio
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per la Valorizzazione Qualitativa dei Cereali (CRA-QCE), Via Cassia 176, 00191 Rome, Italy
- Corresponding author. Phone: +39-06-3295705. E-mail:
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13
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Andersson AA, Dimberg L, Åman P, Landberg R. Recent findings on certain bioactive components in whole grain wheat and rye. J Cereal Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Effect of genotype, environment and genotype-by-environment interaction on metabolite profiling in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) grain. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Nurmi T, Lampi AM, Nyström L, Hemery Y, Rouau X, Piironen V. Distribution and composition of phytosterols and steryl ferulates in wheat grain and bran fractions. J Cereal Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Esche R, Barnsteiner A, Scholz B, Engel KH. Simultaneous analysis of free phytosterols/phytostanols and intact phytosteryl/phytostanyl fatty acid and phenolic acid esters in cereals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:5330-5339. [PMID: 22524687 DOI: 10.1021/jf300878h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An approach based on solid-phase extraction for the effective separation of free phytosterols/phytostanols and phytosteryl/phytostanyl fatty acid and phenolic acid esters from cereal lipids was developed. The ester conjugates were analyzed in their intact form by means of capillary gas chromatography. Besides free sterols and stanols, up to 33 different fatty acid and phenolic acid esters were identified in four different cereal grains via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The majority (52-57%) of the sterols and stanols were present as fatty acid esters. The highest levels of all three sterol and stanol classes based on dry matter of ground kernels were determined in corn, whereas the oil extract of rye was 1.7 and 1.6 times richer in fatty acid esters and free sterols/stanols than the corn oil. The results showed that there are considerable differences in the sterols/stanols and their ester profiles and contents obtained from corn compared to rye, wheat, and spelt. The proposed method is useful for the quantification of a wide range of free phytosterols/phytostanols and intact phytosteryl/phytostanyl esters to characterize different types of grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Esche
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Lebensmitteltechnologie, Technische Universität München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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17
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Shewry PR, Ward JL. Exploiting genetic variation to improve wheat composition for the prevention of chronic diseases. Food Energy Secur 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Shewry
- Department of Plant Science; Rothamsted Research; Harpenden; Hertfordshire; AL5 2JQ; UK
| | - Jane L. Ward
- Department of Plant Science; Rothamsted Research; Harpenden; Hertfordshire; AL5 2JQ; UK
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18
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Shewry PR, Gebruers K, Andersson AAM, Aman P, Piironen V, Lampi AM, Boros D, Rakszegi M, Bedo Z, Ward JL. Relationship between the contents of bioactive components in grain and the release dates of wheat lines in the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:928-933. [PMID: 21218832 DOI: 10.1021/jf103860x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The EU FP6 HEALTHGRAIN has generated an extensive database on the contents of phytochemicals (alkylresorcinols, tocols, sterols, phenolic acids, folates) and dietary fiber components in the grain of wheat, including analyses of 150 lines grown on a single site in Hungary in 2005 and a smaller set of lines grown under five (three lines) or six (23 lines) different environments (in Hungary in 2005, 2006, and 2007 and in France, Poland, and the United Kingdom in 2007). The lines analyzed included land races and varieties bred between the mid-19th and early 21st centuries. These results have been analyzed to determine whether the contents of these groups of bioactive components in the grain have decreased with the development of intensive plant breeding in the second part of the 20th century. No decreases in the contents of any groups of bioactive components were observed in relation to release date, showing that selection for increased yield and protein quality has been effectively neutral for other grain components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Shewry
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK.
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19
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Shewry PR, Piironen V, Lampi AM, Edelmann M, Kariluoto S, Nurmi T, Fernandez-Orozco R, Andersson AAM, Aman P, Fraś A, Boros D, Gebruers K, Dornez E, Courtin CM, Delcour JA, Ravel C, Charmet G, Rakszegi M, Bedo Z, Ward JL. Effects of genotype and environment on the content and composition of phytochemicals and dietary fiber components in rye in the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:9372-83. [PMID: 20438063 DOI: 10.1021/jf100053d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of genotype and environment on the content of bioactive components in rye were determined with four varieties being grown on one site for three years and on three additional sites in the third year and a fourth variety being included in all trials except year 1. Clear differences were observed in the extent to which the contents of dietary fiber components (arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, total dietary fiber) and phytochemicals (folates, alkylresorcinols, sterols, tocols, phenolic acids) varied between varieties and between the same varieties grown in different sites (United Kingdom, France, Hungary, Poland) and years (2005-2007 in Hungary), with sterols being the most stable and phenolic acids the least. However, no single variety could be selected as having the highest overall level of bioactive components or as being more stable in comparison across environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Shewry
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom.
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20
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Nurmi T, Lampi AM, Nyström L, Turunen M, Piironen V. Effects of genotype and environment on steryl ferulates in wheat and rye in the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:9332-9340. [PMID: 20394372 DOI: 10.1021/jf100170s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of genetic and environmental factors on the content and composition of steryl ferulates in wheat and rye were studied. The wheat and rye genotypes were grown at the same location in Hungary over three consecutive years (28 genotypes) or at four different locations across Europe during a single year (12 genotypes). The steryl ferulates were analyzed using HPLC. The genotype and growing location significantly affected the content and composition of wheat steryl ferulates, whereas the year of growth did not result in considerable variation. Less variation was observed in rye, due to fewer genotypes. Campestanyl and sitostanyl ferulates were the main species in both cereals. Knowledge of the natural variation in steryl ferulates and other bioactive compounds allows cultivators and plant breeders to select genotypes with high, stable levels of beneficial compounds. Thus, it is possible to enhance the intake of health-promoting compounds from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Nurmi
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 11, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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