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Li P, Huang Y, Marshall M, Li J, Khazdooz L, Zarei A, Wang Y, No DS, Fang Y, Abbaspourrad A. Interactive roles of co-solvents and lemon-oil composition in the fabrication of dilutable clear emulsions. Food Res Int 2024; 191:114649. [PMID: 39059933 PMCID: PMC11363286 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Clear emulsions are used as flavor carriers by the beverage industry because of their favorable optical properties. A transparent microemulsion with small droplets requires a high concentration of surfactants, and is often non-dilutable, posing a significant challenge to their application in the food industry. The formation of dilutable microemulsions by modulating the compatibility of oil composition and co-solvents was studied. While single-fold lemon oil exhibited poor loading capacity overall, no precipitation occurred due to the stronger interaction between monoterpenes and sucrose monopalmitate (SMP). Conversely, emulsification of five-fold lemon oil with 20 % ethanol demonstrated a higher loading capacity and a stronger dilution stability than other lemon oils. This is likely due to the balanced composition of surface-active monoterpenes and other components in five-fold lemon oil which facilitated the effective use of micellar space and aided in the retention of both surfactants and co-solvents post-dilution. The emulsification of higher-folded lemon oil, however, was favored by the use of propylene glycol as a surfactant exhibiting stronger dilution stability than ethanol, though it required twice as much co-solvent. The high concentration of surface-active monoterpene in the lower-folded lemon oils competes with propylene glycol for interfacial incorporation. This study demonstrated that co-solvents and oil composition play interactive roles in producing dilutable optically clear emulsions, and it provides a blueprint for the food industry to design colloidal systems using a minimum of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yinan Huang
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Melanie Marshall
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jieying Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Leila Khazdooz
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Amin Zarei
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- PepsiCo Global R&D, 50 E Stevens Ave., Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Da Som No
- PepsiCo Global R&D, 50 E Stevens Ave., Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Yuan Fang
- PepsiCo Global R&D, 50 E Stevens Ave., Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Alencar-Luciano W, Magnani M, Martín-Belloso O, Salvia-Trujillo L. Effect of digestible versus non-digestible citral nanoemulsions on human gut microorganisms: An in vitro digestion study. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113313. [PMID: 37803624 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Essential oil (EO) nanoemulsions have been recently studied due to their antimicrobial properties. Nevertheless, little is known about their possible negative effect against human gut microorganisms during their passage though the gastrointestinal tract. This work studied the effect of digestible (corn oil) or non-digestible (paraffin oil) citral nanoemulsions against specific microorganisms of human microflora under in vitro digestion conditions. The use of a citral lipid carrier (paraffin oil or corn oil) decreased the nanoemulsion particle size and increased its stability after gastric conditions with regards to the pure citral nanoemulsions. Digestible nanoemulsions formulated with corn oil and citral presented a lower bactericidal activity against Lactobacillus acidophilus and Escherichia coli after being subjected to in vitro digestion conditions in comparison to the initial nanoemulsion. However, a non-digestible nanoemulsion formulated with paraffin oil and citral presented a similar antimicrobial activity against L. acidophilus and E. coli to the one of the initial nanoemulsion. This evidences that non-digestible nanoemulsions may entrap the citral in the lipid core and thus retaining its antimicrobial potential during their passage though the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, this work evidences the impact of the lipid carrier digestibility when formulating antimicrobial nanoemulsions on certain intestinal probiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Alencar-Luciano
- Departament of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Departament of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Olga Martín-Belloso
- Departament of Food Technology, Engineering and Science, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Agrotecnio - CERCA Center, Av. Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Laura Salvia-Trujillo
- Departament of Food Technology, Engineering and Science, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Agrotecnio - CERCA Center, Av. Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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3
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Touayar M, Zayani R, Messaoud C, Salman H. Influence of droplet size on the antibacterial efficacy of citral and citronella oil nanoemulsions in polysaccharide coated fresh-cut apples. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10460. [PMID: 37380709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fresh-cut fruits are highly perishable and susceptible to bacterial contamination. Polysaccharides edible coating loaded with essential oils nanoemulsions have the potential to extend shelf life and improve quality of fruits. The effectiveness of this approach is dependent on the properties of the nanoemulsions, such as droplet size (DS) and stability. This study aimed to optimize the production of citral (CT) and citronella oil (CTO) nanoemulsions (CT-CTO-NEs) incorporated in edible coating film to be used as natural antimicrobial agent in fresh-cut apples. After testing different combinations of surfactant (tween 80) and cosurfactant (propylene glycol) to obtain stable oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsions, the results demonstrated that optimized CT-CTO-NEs with DS less than 500 nm have been successfully achieved with high stability for 3 weeks at 4 °C. In addition, CT-CTO-NEs were obtained by In situ formation under magnetic stirring without applying complex high shear homogenization processes. Desired stability of CT-CTO-NEs also has been achieved within semi-solid matrix (sodium alginate cross-linked film). The relationship between DS and antibacterial activity was observed, with the smallest DS (< 100 nm) showing the highest antibacterial efficacy against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. These results emphasize the importance of DS in the effectiveness of CT-CTO-NEs as an antibacterial coating for fresh-cut fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir Touayar
- Bionanoplus, Polígono, C. E, N°2, 2°B, 31194, Orikain, Navarra, Spain.
- Research Unit of Nanobiotechnology and Valorisation of Phytoressources Medicinal Plants UR17ES22, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, BP 676, 1080, Charguia Cedex, Tunisia.
| | - Rania Zayani
- Research Unit of Nanobiotechnology and Valorisation of Phytoressources Medicinal Plants UR17ES22, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, BP 676, 1080, Charguia Cedex, Tunisia
| | - Chokri Messaoud
- Research Unit of Nanobiotechnology and Valorisation of Phytoressources Medicinal Plants UR17ES22, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, BP 676, 1080, Charguia Cedex, Tunisia
| | - Hesham Salman
- Bionanoplus, Polígono, C. E, N°2, 2°B, 31194, Orikain, Navarra, Spain
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Ait-Touchente Z, Zine N, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Errachid A, Lebaz N, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Exploring the Versatility of Microemulsions in Cutaneous Drug Delivery: Opportunities and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101688. [PMID: 37242104 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions are novel drug delivery systems that have garnered significant attention in the pharmaceutical research field. These systems possess several desirable characteristics, such as transparency and thermodynamic stability, which make them suitable for delivering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this comprehensive review, we aim to explore different aspects related to the formulation, characterization, and applications of microemulsions, with a particular emphasis on their potential for cutaneous drug delivery. Microemulsions have shown great promise in overcoming bioavailability concerns and enabling sustained drug delivery. Thus, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of their formulation and characterization in order to optimize their effectiveness and safety. This review will delve into the different types of microemulsions, their composition, and the factors that affect their stability. Furthermore, the potential of microemulsions as drug delivery systems for skin applications will be discussed. Overall, this review will provide valuable insights into the advantages of microemulsions as drug delivery systems and their potential for improving cutaneous drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhair Ait-Touchente
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nadia Zine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Noureddine Lebaz
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hatem Fessi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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Ahmed SAA, El-Murr A, Abd Elhakim Y, Metwally MM, Gharib AAEA, Amer SA, Younis EM, Abdel-Warith AWA, Davies SJ, Khalil ENM. Comparative Study on Ginger Powder and Ginger Extract Nanoparticles: Effects on Growth, Immune–Antioxidant Status, Tissue Histoarchitecture, and Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas putida Infection in Oreochromis niloticus. FISHES 2023; 8:259. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes8050259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A 10 week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of ginger powder (GP) and ginger extract nanoparticles (GNPs) on the growth parameters, digestive enzymes (lipase and amylase) activities, blood hematology, blood biochemical indices, immune indices (interleukin 10, immunoglobulin M, nitric oxide, and lysozymes), antioxidant activity, histological characteristics of kidney, spleen, liver, and intestine, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila or Pseudomonas putida infection in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish (n = 225, 27.01 ± 0.15 g) were stocked in 15 glass tanks (50 × 40 × 60 cm) and randomly allocated to five experimental treatments (TRTs) in triplicate (15 fish/replicate, 45 fish/TRT), consisting of five isocaloric–isonitrogenous diets. The treatments comprised the basal diet (1) without any additives (control group, CON), (2) with 0.5% GP (GP0.5), (3) with 1% GP (GP1), (4) with 0.5% GNPs (GNPs0.5), and (5) with 1% GNPs (GNPs1). Fish were manually fed to satiety three times a day (at 9 a.m., 12 p.m., and 2 p.m.). Fish were weighed at the start of the experiment, then the body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were determined at the end of the experiment. At the end of the feeding period, 15 fish/TRT were intraperitoneally inoculated with two pathogenic bacterial strains (A. hydrophila or P. putida) in two separate challenge tests. Blood samples were collected from each TRT at two aliquots for hematological and biochemical analysis at the end of the feeding period. A significant improvement in fish growth was observed in GP and GNPs TRTs compared to the control group. There were no significant changes in the total amount of feed intake/fish in response to the experimental diets. Diets enriched with GNPs, particularly the GNPs1 TRT, resulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) in digestive enzyme activity (lipase and amylase), serum growth hormone level, proteinogram, and immune indices (lysozyme, immunoglobulin M, interleukin 10, and nitric oxide). In addition, a significant increase in hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and catalase) was observed in fish fed with GNPs-enriched diets. Survival percentages following bacterial challenge were higher in GNPs1, followed by GP1 and GNPs0.5 TRTs. Normal histomorphology was found in liver, kidney, and spleen tissues in all experimental TRTs. We conclude that GP and GNPs could be included in Nile tilapia diets for promoting fish growth, immunity, antioxidant status, and disease resistance without harming organ functions. In particular, the most effective treatment was GNPs1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A. A. Ahmed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Abdelhakeem El-Murr
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Yasser Abd Elhakim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Amany Abd El Aziz Gharib
- Department of Hatchery and Fish Physiology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research (CLAR), Agriculture Research Center, Sharkia 44662, Egypt
| | - Shimaa A. Amer
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M. Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Simon J. Davies
- School of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway Republic of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Enas N. M. Khalil
- Department of Hatchery and Fish Physiology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research (CLAR), Agriculture Research Center, Sharkia 44662, Egypt
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Zhao Y, Chen F, Wang Y. Demulsification of peanut emulsion by aqueous enzymatic extraction using a combination of oleic and citric acids. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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7
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Asfour MH, Abd El-Alim SH, Kassem AA, Salama A, Gouda AS, Nazim WS, Nashaat NH, Hemimi M, Abdel Meguid N. Vitamin D 3-Loaded Nanoemulsions as a Potential Drug Delivery System for Autistic Children: Formulation Development, Safety, and Pharmacokinetic Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:58. [PMID: 36759398 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study is the development of a vitamin D3 (VD3)-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) formulation to improve VD3 oral bioavailability for management of vitamin D inadequacy in autistic children. Eight NE formulations were prepared by high-speed homogenization followed by ultrasonication. Four vegetable oils were employed along with two concentrations of Span 20 as the emulsifier. Glycerol, fructose, and mango flavor were included as viscosity modifier, sweetening, and flavoring agents, respectively. The prepared VD3-loaded NE formulations exhibited high drug content (> 98%), droplet size (DS) ranging from 61.15 to 129.8 nm with narrow size distribution, zeta potential values between - 9.83 and - 19.22 mV, and acceptable pH values (4.59-5.89). Storage stability showed that NE formulations underwent coalescence and phase separation during 6 months at room temperature, whereas at refrigerated conditions, formulations showed slight creaming. The optimum formulation (VD3-NE6) revealed a non-significant DS growth at refrigerated conditions and spherical morphology under transmission electron microscopy. VD3-NE6 did not produce any toxic effects to rats treated orally for 3 months, where normal blood picture and kidney and liver functions were observed compared to control rats. Also, serum calcium, oxidative stress, and apoptosis biomarkers remained within normal levels, indicating the safety of the optimum formulation. Furthermore, evaluation of VD3-NE6 oral bioavailability depicted a significant increase in AUC0-72 and Cmax with decreased Tmax compared to plain VD3. The optimum formulation demonstrated improved stability, safety, and oral bioavailability indicating the potential for successful management of vitamin D deficiency in autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Hasanein Asfour
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Hosam Abd El-Alim
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Alaa Kassem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Sobhi Gouda
- Biochemical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Samy Nazim
- Biochemical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neveen Hassan Nashaat
- Research On Children With Special Needs Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Hemimi
- Research On Children With Special Needs Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Abdel Meguid
- Research On Children With Special Needs Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Nanoemulsion and Nanogel Containing Cuminum cyminum L Essential Oil: Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Antilarval Properties. J Trop Med 2023; 2023:5075581. [PMID: 36793773 PMCID: PMC9925266 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5075581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuminum cyminum L. is a widespread medicinal plant with a broad spectrum of biological activity. In the present study, the chemical structure of its essential oil was examined utilizing GC-MS analysis (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Then, a nanoemulsion dosage form was prepared with a droplet size and droplet size distribution (SPAN) of 121 ± 3 nm and 0.96. After that, the dosage form of the nanogel was prepared; the nanoemulsion was gelified by the addition of 3.0% carboxymethyl cellulose. In addition, the successful loading of the essential oil into the nanoemulsion and nanogel was approved by ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared) analysis. The IC50 values (half maximum inhibitory concentration) of the nanoemulsion and nanogel against A-375 human melanoma cells were 369.6 (497-335) and 127.2 (77-210) μg/mL. In addition, they indicated some degrees of an antioxidant activity. Interestingly, after treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 5000 µg/mL nanogel, bacterial growth was completely (∼100%) inhibited. In addition, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus after treatment with the 5000 μg/ml nanoemulsion was decreased by 80%. In addition, nanoemulsion and nanogel LC50 values for Anopheles stephensi larvae were attained as 43.91 (31-62) and 123.9 (111-137) µg/mL. Given the natural ingredients and promising efficacy, these nanodrugs can be regarded for further research against other pathogens or mosquito larvae.
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Improved Topical Drug Delivery: Role of Permeation Enhancers and Advanced Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122818. [PMID: 36559311 PMCID: PMC9785322 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of drugs via transdermal routes is an attractive approach due to ease of administration, bypassing of the first-pass metabolism, and the large skin surface area. However, a major drawback is an inability to surmount the skin's stratum corneum (SC) layer. Therefore, techniques reversibly modifying the stratum corneum have been a classical approach. Surmounting the significant barrier properties of the skin in a well-organised, momentary, and harmless approach is still challenging. Chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) with higher activity are associated with certain side effects restricting their advancement in transdermal drug delivery. Furthermore, complexity in the interaction of CPEs with the skin has led to difficulty in elucidating the mechanism of action. Nevertheless, CPEs-aided transdermal drug delivery will accomplish its full potential due to advancements in analytical techniques, synthetic chemistry, and combinatorial studies. This review focused on techniques such as drug-vehicle interaction, vesicles and their analogues, and novel CPEs such as lipid synthesis inhibitors (LSIs), cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), and ionic liquids (ILs). In addition, different types of microneedles, including 3D-printed microneedles, have been focused on in this review.
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Singh IR, Pulikkal AK. Preparation, stability and biological activity of essential oil-based nano emulsions: A comprehensive review. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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11
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Rehman FU, Farid A, Shah SU, Dar MJ, Rehman AU, Ahmed N, Rashid SA, Shaukat I, Shah M, Albadrani GM, Kamel M, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM, Shah KU. Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS): Measuring Energy Dynamics to Determine Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1064. [PMID: 36145285 PMCID: PMC9500766 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was designed to identify thermodynamically and kinetically stable lipidic self-emulsifying formulations through simple energy dynamics in addition to highlighting and clarifying common ambiguities in the literature in this regard. Proposing a model study, this research shows how most of the professed energetically stable systems are actually energetically unstable, subjected to indiscriminate and false characterization, leading to significant effects for their pharmaceutical applications. A self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) was developed and then solidified (S-SEDDS) using a model drug finasteride. Physical nature of SEDDS was identified by measuring simple dynamics which showed that the developed dispersion was thermodynamically unstable. An in vivo study of albino rats showed a three-fold enhanced bioavailability of model drug with SEDDS as compared to the commercial tablets. The study concluded that measuring simple energy dynamics through inherent properties can distinguish between thermodynamically stable and unstable lipidic systems. It might lead to correct identification of a specific lipidic formulation and the application of appropriate characterization techniques accordingly. Future research strategies include improving their pharmaceutical applications and understanding the basic differences in their natures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research, GCPS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Dar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Abdur Rashid
- Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research, GCPS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Shaukat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Narowal, Narowal 51600, Pakistan
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Isoliquiritigenin Nanoemulsion Preparation by Combined Sonication and Phase-Inversion Composition Method: In Vitro Anticancer Activities. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080382. [PMID: 36004907 PMCID: PMC9404772 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ) has a number of biological activities such as antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects. However, biomedical applications of ILQ are impeded by its poor aqueous solubility. Therefore, in this research, we prepared a novel ILQ-loaded nanoemulsion, i.e., ILQ-NE, which consisted of Labrafil® M 1944 CS (oil), Cremophor® EL (surfactant), ILQ, and phosphate-buffered saline, by employing a combined sonication (high-energy) and phase-inversion composition (low-energy) method (denoted as the SPIC method). The ILQ-NE increased the ILQ solubility ~1000 times more than its intrinsic solubility. It contained spherical droplets with a mean diameter of 44.10 ± 0.28 nm and a narrow size distribution. The ILQ loading capacity was 4%. The droplet size of ILQ-NE remained unchanged during storage at 4 °C for 56 days. Nanoemulsion encapsulation effectively prevented ILQ from degradation under ultraviolet light irradiation, and enhanced the ILQ in vitro release rate. In addition, ILQ-NE showed higher cellular uptake and superior cytotoxicity to 4T1 cancer cells compared with free ILQ formulations. In conclusion, ILQ-NE may facilitate the biomedical application of ILQ, and the SPIC method presents an attractive avenue for bridging the merits and eliminating the shortcomings of traditional high-energy methods and low-energy methods.
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Zhang X, Song R, Liu X, Xu Y, Wei R. Fabrication of vitamin D3 nanoemulsions stabilized by Tween 80 and Span 80 as a composite surface-active surfactant: Characterization and stability. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Lemus de la Cruz AS, Barrera-Cortés J, Lina-García LP, Ramos-Valdivia AC, Santillán R. Nanoemulsified Formulation of Cedrela odorata Essential Oil and Its Larvicidal Effect against Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092975. [PMID: 35566324 PMCID: PMC9101729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cedrela odorata L. is a plant species from the Meliaceae family that is cultivated for timber production. Although the C. odorata essential oil (EO) contains mainly sesquiterpenes, its insecticidal potential is unknown. The lipophilic properties and high degradation capacity of EOs have limited their application for use in pest control. However, the currently available knowledge on the nanoemulsification of EOs, in addition to the possibility of improving their dispersion, would allow them to prolong their permanence in the field. The objective of the present work was to develop a nanoemulsion of the C. odorata EO and to evaluate its larvicidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. The EO was obtained by the hydrodistillation of C. odorata dehydrated leaves, and the nanoemulsion was prepared with non-ionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) using a combined method of agitation and dispersion with ultrasound. The stability of the nanoemulsion with a droplet diameter of <200 nm was verified in samples stored at 5 °C and 25 °C for 90 days. Both the C. odorata EO and its corresponding nanoemulsion presented lethal properties against S. frugiperda. The results obtained provide guidelines for the use of wood waste to produce sustainable and effective insecticides in the fight against S. frugiperda. In addition, considering that a phytochemical complex mixture allows the simultaneous activation of different action mechanisms, the development of resistance in insects is slower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofía Lemus de la Cruz
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Unidad Zacatenco, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (A.S.L.d.l.C.); (A.C.R.-V.)
| | - Josefina Barrera-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Unidad Zacatenco, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (A.S.L.d.l.C.); (A.C.R.-V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5747-3800
| | - Laura Patricia Lina-García
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Ana C. Ramos-Valdivia
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Unidad Zacatenco, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (A.S.L.d.l.C.); (A.C.R.-V.)
| | - Rosa Santillán
- Departamento de Química, Cinvestav-IPN, Unidad Zacatenco, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico;
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15
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Zheng Y, Davis CR, Howarter JA, Erk KA, Martinez CJ. Spontaneous Emulsions: Adjusting Spontaneity and Phase Behavior by Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Difference-Guided Surfactant, Salt, and Oil Selection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4276-4286. [PMID: 35357182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous emulsion behavior has been difficult to predict and could be influenced by many variables including salinity, temperature, and chemical composition of the oil and surfactant. In this work, the hydrophilic-lipophilic difference (HLD) framework was used to predict the formation of spontaneous emulsions using a mixture of Span-80 and SLES surfactants. The spontaneity and emulsion behavior of different systems were modeled by estimating the HLDmix. The influence of surfactant ratio, salinity, and oil type was investigated. Spontaneous emulsification could only be observed when the HLDmix was between -0.96 and 1.04. Within this range, a negative HLDmix resulted in a greater spontaneity to form o/w emulsion, and a w/o emulsion was more likely to form when the HLDmix was positive. When the HLDmix was close to 0 (between -0.22 and 0.56 in our systems), emulsions were formed in both the oil and aqueous phases with high spontaneity. A combined effect of ultralow interfacial tension, Span-80 micelle swelling, and interfacial turbulence due to Marangoni effects is likely the main mechanism of the spontaneous emulsification observed in this study. A synergistic reduction in interfacial tension was observed between Span-80 and SLES (<1 mN/m). When the HLD of the system was close to 0, a bicontinuous emulsion phase was formed at the oil-water interface. The bicontinuous emulsion broke-up over time due to the ultralow interfacial tension and interfacial turbulence, forming dispersed oil and water droplets. Results from this work provide a practical method to suggest what surfactant composition, salinity, and oil type could promote (or eliminate) the conditions favorable for spontaneous emulsification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Cole R Davis
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana 47522, United States
| | - John A Howarter
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kendra A Erk
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Carlos J Martinez
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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16
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Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions in Skin Drug Delivery. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040158. [PMID: 35447718 PMCID: PMC9028917 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are lipid-based pharmaceutical systems with a high potential to increase the permeation of drugs through the skin. Although being isotropic dispersions of two nonmiscible liquids (oil and water), significant differences are encountered between microemulsions and nanoemulsions. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 100–400 nm, whereas nanoemulsions are thermodynamically unstable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 1 to 100 nm. Their inner oil phase allows the solubilization of lipophilic drugs, achieving high encapsulation rates, which are instrumental for drug delivery. In this review, the importance of these systems, the key differences regarding their composition and production processes are discussed. While most of the micro/nanoemulsions on the market are held by the cosmetic industry to enhance the activity of drugs used in skincare products, the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations designed for the topical, dermal and transdermal administration of therapeutic drugs is being considered. The delivery of poorly water-soluble molecules through the skin has shown some advantages over the oral route, since drugs escape from first-pass metabolism; particularly for the treatment of cutaneous diseases, topical delivery should be the preferential route in order to reduce the number of drugs used and potential side-effects, while directing the drugs to the site of action. Thus, nanoemulsions and microemulsions represent versatile options for the delivery of drugs through lipophilic barriers, and many synthetic and natural compounds have been formulated using these delivery systems, aiming to improve stability, delivery and bioactivity. Detailed information is provided concerning the most relevant recent scientific publications reporting the potential of these delivery systems to increase the skin permeability of drugs with anti-inflammatory, sun-protection, anticarcinogenic and/or wound-healing activities. The main marketed skincare products using emulsion-based systems are also presented and discussed.
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17
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Benkert C, Freyburger A, Huber V, Touraud D, Kunz W. Development of a fully water-dilutable mint concentrate based on a food-approved microemulsion. Food Chem 2022; 372:131230. [PMID: 34627088 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mentha spicata L. disappears in winter. The lack of fresh mint during the cold season can be a limiting factor for the preparation of mint tea. A fresh taste source that can be kept during winter is mint essential oil. As the oil is not soluble in water, a food-approved, water-soluble essential oil microemulsion was studied, investigating different surfactants, in particular Tween® 60. The challenge was to dissolve an extremely hydrophobic essential oil in a homogeneous, stable, transparent, and spontaneously forming solution of exclusively edible additives without adulterating the original fresh taste of the mint. Making use of the microemulsions' water and oil pseudo-phases, hydrophilic sweeteners and hydrophobic dyes could be incorporated to imitate mint leaf infusions aromatically and visually. The resulting formulation was a concentrate, consisting of ∼ 90% green components, which could be diluted with water or tea to obtain a beverage with a pleasant minty taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Benkert
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Auriane Freyburger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Huber
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Didier Touraud
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Werner Kunz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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A Pilot Study on the Effect of Thyme Microemulsion Compared with Antibiotic as Treatment of Salmonella Enteritidis in Broiler. Vet Med Int 2022; 2022:3647523. [PMID: 35251587 PMCID: PMC8894032 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3647523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance poses a global threat to the poultry industry and public health, so the direction towards eliminating the use of antibiotics and finding alternatives is a vital step to solve this problem. Thyme microemulsion (10% oil/water) had nanodrop size 28.65 ± 0.89 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.28 with greater homogeneity. It showed IC50 > 100 ug/ml on cytotoxicity assay and 14 active components by GC-Mass. The study was carried out using 210 Cobb chicks divided into fourteen groups. The infected groups were challenged using two Salmonella Enteritidis multidrug resistance (MDR) and Salmonella Enteritidis sensitive strains to the sulpha-trimethoprim antibiotic. The challenged inoculum was 1 × 109 CFU of Salmonella Enteritidis by oral route. The MIC treatments doses were 1 ml/liter water for thyme oil and thyme microemulsion and 33.34 mg/kg b.wt sulfadiazine for 5 days. The results showed that both thymol oil (0.1%) and microemulsion (0.01%) are able to decrease the count of Salmonella Enteritidis in cecal content and fecal dropping and the mortality rates after five days of treatment. In addition, thyme oil and microemulsion had no pathological alteration on chickens' tissues that were collected two weeks after giving the treatment. By the robust HPLC method, the SDZ and TMP residues in tissues of infected groups treated with Cotrimazine® + thyme oil microemulsion had a slight significant economic impact (P < 0.05) compared to Cotrimazine® alone. In conclusion, thymol oil and microemulsion could be an alternative economic choice for multidrug resistance Salmonella Enteritidis treatment in poultry farms.
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Mirgorodskaya AB, Koroleva MY, Kushnazarova RA, Mishchenko EV, Petrov KA, Lenina OA, Vyshtakalyuk AB, Voloshina AD, Zakharova LY. Microemulsions and nanoemulsions modified with cationic surfactants for improving the solubility and therapeutic efficacy of loaded drug indomethacin. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155103. [PMID: 34959230 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac467d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a noncovalent strategy was successfully used to modify colloidal stability andin vitroandin vivoefficacy of two amphiphilic formulations of the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. Namely, nanoemulsions and microemulsions based on oleic acid and nonionic surfactants have been produced and compared. The influence of cationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and its carbamate bearing analogue on the size characteristics, stability and ability to provide prolonged action of loaded drug indomethacin has been evaluated. Adding the positively charged molecules in the surface layer of nanoemulsions and microemulsions has shown the stability increase along with maintaining the size characteristics and homogeneity in time. Moreover, the carbamate modified analogue demonstrated beneficial behavior. Indomethacin loaded in microemulsions and nanoemulsions showed prolonged-release (10%-15% release for 5 h) compared to a free drug (complete release for 5 h). The rate of release of indomethacin from nanoemulsions was slightly higher than from microemulsions and insignificantly decreased with an increase in the concentration of the cationic surfactant. For carbamate surfactant nanocarrier loaded with fluorescence probe Nile Red, the ability to penetrate into the cell was supported by flow cytometry study and visualized by fluorescence microscopy.In vitrotests on anti-inflammatory activity of the systems demonstrated that the blood cell membrane stabilization increased in the case of modified microemulsion. The anti-inflammatory activity of the encapsulated drug was tested in rats using a carrageenan-induced edema model. Nanoemulsions without cationic surfactants appeared more efficient compared to microemulsions. Indomethacin emulsion formulations with carbamate surfactant added showed slower carrageenan-induced edema progression compared to unmodified compositions. Meanwhile, the edema completely disappeared upon treatment with emulsion loaded indomethacin after 4 h in the case of microemulsions versus 5 h in the case of nanoemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla B Mirgorodskaya
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Yu Koroleva
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, 9, Miusskaya sq., 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rushana A Kushnazarova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, 18, Kremlyovskaya str, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oxana A Lenina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexandra B Vyshtakalyuk
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexandra D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Lucia Ya Zakharova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8, Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
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20
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Marques Mandaji C, da Silva Pena R, Campos Chisté R. Encapsulation of bioactive compounds extracted from plants of genus Hibiscus: A review of selected techniques and applications. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110820. [PMID: 34980372 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The genus Hibiscus includes more than 250 species, and many studies showed that these plants contain bioactive compounds with technological potential to be used in the development of functional foods. However, the instability of these compounds during typical food processing conditions, such as exposure to high temperatures, pH changes and presence of light and oxygen have stimulated the use of encapsulation techniques to increase their stability and applicability. Among the existing Hibiscus species, only H. sabdariffa, H. cannabinus, and H. acetosella have been investigated in encapsulation studies, being spray drying the most common method approached. Considering the high technological potential offered by the incorporation of encapsulated bioactive compounds from plants of the genus Hibiscus in food formulations, this review discusses key information of selected encapsulation techniques, which represents promising alternatives to increase food systems' stability and stimulate the design of new functional foods. Relevant gaps in the literature were also noticed, mainly the lack of systematic studies regarding the composition of bioactive compounds after encapsulation, instead of total determinations, and biological activities in different analytical systems, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties as well as bioaccessibility and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Marques Mandaji
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rosinelson da Silva Pena
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil; Faculty of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Renan Campos Chisté
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil; Faculty of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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21
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Iacob-Tudose ET, Mamaliga I, Iosub AV. TES Nanoemulsions: A Review of Thermophysical Properties and Their Impact on System Design. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123415. [PMID: 34947766 PMCID: PMC8703648 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thermal energy storage materials (TES) are considered promising for a large number of applications, including solar energy storage, waste heat recovery, and enhanced building thermal performance. Among these, nanoemulsions have received a huge amount of attention. Despite the many reviews published on nanoemulsions, an insufficient number concentrate on the particularities and requirements of the energy field. Therefore, we aim to provide a review of the measurement, theoretical computation and impact of the physical properties of nanoemulsions, with an integrated perspective on the design of thermal energy storage equipment. Properties such as density, which is integral to the calculation of the volume required for storage; viscosity, which is a decisive factor in pressure loss and for transport equipment power requirements; and thermal conductivity, which determines the heating/cooling rate of the system or the specific heat directly influencing the storage capacity, are thoroughly discussed. A comparative, critical approach to all these interconnected properties in pertinent characteristic groups, in close association with the practical use of TES systems, is included. This work aims to highlight unresolved issues from previous investigations as well as to provide a summary of the numerical simulation and/or application of advanced algorithms for the modeling, optimization, and streamlining of TES systems.
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22
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Takezawa H, Itadani K, Obata R, Sugiyama T, Uchimura T. Quantitative Evaluation of the Creaming of Emulsions via Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1453-1457. [PMID: 34629360 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The creaming behavior of an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion was quantitatively evaluated via resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Styrene O/W emulsions were prepared with initial styrene concentrations of 1 and 4 g/L, and the height at the center of the sample was monitored. A peak area of the molecular ion of styrene was set as the signal intensity, for which a time profile was constructed from a series of mass spectra. As a result, the averaged time profiles showed that the signal intensities increased once and then decreased with the onset of creaming. In addition, in order to fit an experimentally obtained time profile, a modified fit function was proposed. Based on the fit results, the ratios of the increases and decreases in signal intensities were different between the two emulsions-higher in the case of an O/W emulsion with a higher initial oil concentration. On the other hand, the duration of the enhancement of the signal intensity with the onset of creaming was independent of the initial oil concentration. The present method offers the possibility to quantitatively evaluate the creaming behavior of an emulsion without pretreatment, and, therefore, would be useful for confirming the stability and quality assurance of emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Takezawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui
| | - Kengo Itadani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui
| | - Ryosuke Obata
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui
| | - Tomonobu Sugiyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui
| | - Tomohiro Uchimura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui
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23
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Dhaval M, Vaghela P, Patel K, Sojitra K, Patel M, Patel S, Dudhat K, Shah S, Manek R, Parmar R. Lipid-based emulsion drug delivery systems - a comprehensive review. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:1616-1639. [PMID: 34609731 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based emulsion system - a subcategory of emulsion technology, has emerged as an enticing option to improve the solubility of the steadily rising water-insoluble candidates. Along with enhancing solubility, additional advantages such as improvement in permeability, protection against pre-systemic metabolism, ease of manufacturing, and easy to scale-up have made lipid-based emulsion technology very popular among academicians and manufacturers. The present article provides a comprehensive review regarding various critical properties of lipid-based emulsion systems, such as microemulsion, nanoemulsion, SMEDDS (self microemulsifying drug delivery system), and SNEDDS (self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system). The present article also explains in detail the similarities and differences between them, the stabilization mechanism, methods of preparation, excipients used to prepare them, and evaluation techniques. Subtle differences between nearly related terminologies such as microemulsion and nanoemulsion, SMEDDS, and SNEDDS are also explained in detail to clarify the basic differences. The present article also gives in-depth information regarding the chemical structure of various lipidic excipients, various possible chemical modifications to modify their inherent properties, and their regulatory status for rational selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mori Dhaval
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
| | - Poonam Vaghela
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Kajal Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Keshvi Sojitra
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohini Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Sushma Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Dudhat
- K. V. Virani Institute of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Badhada, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunny Shah
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ravi Manek
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Parmar
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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24
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González MM, Zalazar AL, Pedreira JD, Campos CA, Gliemmo MF. Lemongrass and cinnamon oil nanoemulsions: Formulation and study of their physical stability and activity against Zygosaccharomyces bailii. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2021; 27:485-498. [PMID: 34487460 DOI: 10.1177/1082013220969100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The optimal conditions for elaborating oil/water nanoemulsions of lemongrass (LG), cinnamon bark (CB) and cinnamon leaves (CL) essential oils and their antimicrobial activity against Zygosaccharomyces bailii at pH 4.00 were studied. The effect of the emulsification methodology on the physical stability and antimicrobial activity of the nanoemulsions were also evaluated. Furthermore, the sensory impact of nanoemulsions added to an apple juice was tested. LG and CL nanoemulsions were elaborated by ultrasonication and CB nanoemulsion, by high-speed homogenization. They were stable for at least 120 days at 25 °C. They exhibited antimicrobial activity against Z. bailii being CB the most effective since it showed the smallest MIC value (156.3 mg/l), followed by LG (468.8 mg/l) and CL (1250.0 mg/l). A slight increase in growth rate was observed due to ultrasonication. An additive interaction in relation to the inhibitory effect between LG and CB nanoemulsions against Z. bailii was observed. While nanoemulsions obtained would be used as natural antimicrobial agents in food and beverage products, only LG nanoemulsion at MIC concentration diluted was acceptable in juice showing the sensory impact of essential oils on foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena M González
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, de la República Argentina
| | - Aldana L Zalazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta D Pedreira
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carmen A Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Gliemmo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Emulsion-Based Multicompartment Vaginal Drug Carriers: From Nanoemulsions to Nanoemulgels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126455. [PMID: 34208652 PMCID: PMC8233730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to overcome the limitations associated with vaginal administration of drugs, e.g., the short contact time of the drug form with the mucosa or continuous carrier wash-out, the development of new carriers for gynecological use is necessary. Furthermore, high individual anatomical and physiological variability resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic active substances requires application of multicompartment drug delivery systems. This manuscript provides an up-to-date comprehensive review of the literature on emulsion-based vaginal dosage forms (EVDF) including macroemulsions, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, multiple emulsions and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. The first part of the paper discusses (i) the influence of anatomical-physiological conditions on therapeutic efficacy of drug forms after local and systemic administration, (ii) characterization of EVDF components and the manufacturing techniques of these dosage forms and (iii) methods used to evaluate the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties of emulsion-based vaginal dosage forms. The second part of the paper presents (iv) the results of biological and in vivo studies as well as (v) clinical evaluation of EVDF safety and therapeutic efficacy across different indications.
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Tran Q, Le Thi T, Nguyen T, Tran T, Le Q, Luu T, Dinh V. Facile synthesis of novel nanocurcuminoids–sacha inchi oil using the phase inversion temperature method: Characterization and antioxidant activity. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quang‐Hieu Tran
- Chemistry Division Basic Sciences Department Saigon Technology University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | | | - Tien‐Cong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Trong‐Vu Tran
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University Lincoln New Zealand
| | - Quang‐Tri Le
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology Tien Giang University My Tho Vietnam
| | - Thi‐Thuy Luu
- Future Materials & Devices Laboratory Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
| | - Van‐Phuc Dinh
- Future Materials & Devices Laboratory Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
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Sorour HK, Hosny RA, Elmasry DMA. Effect of peppermint oil and its microemulsion on necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Vet World 2021; 14:483-491. [PMID: 33776315 PMCID: PMC7994126 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.483-491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Clostridium perfringens is one of the multiple drug-resistant intestinal pathogens causing necrotic enteritis disease, leading to great economic losses in poultry farms. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of peppermint oil and its microemulsion (ME) as an alternative to antibiotics to control necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: Peppermint oil ME formulation (15% oil/water) was prepared and characterized by zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the peppermint oil and its ME were investigated. A total of 80 commercial one day old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four groups of 20 birds each. The four groups were the negative control, positive control, peppermint oil (0.5 mL/mL water/10 days old), and its ME (0.25 mL/mL water/10 days old) groups. C. perfringens was orally provided at concentration of 1×108 CFU/mL on days 14, 15, and 16. Clinical signs and mortality were observed daily. Growth performance, gross lesions and cecal samples were investigated and examined on days 21, 28, and 35. Results: Peppermint oil ME formulation has a polydispersity index, zeta potential and droplet size of 0.234, −24 mV±4.19, and 29.96±1.56 nm, respectively. LC–MS/MS analysis of oil and ME revealed common presence of phenolic compounds such as rosmorinic (360.31 g/mol), chlorogenic acid (354.31 g/mol), hesperidin (610.56 g/mol), and luteolin 7-O-β-glucuronide (462.1 g/mol). The treated groups with peppermint oil and ME showed lower lesions, mortality and colony-forming units in addition to higher growth performance (p < 0.05) compared to the positive control group. Conclusion: Our study suggests the potential efficacy of peppermint oil and ME in the reduction of necrotic enteritis lesions and C. perfringens count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend K Sorour
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham A Hosny
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia M A Elmasry
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Ho TM, Abik F, Mikkonen KS. An overview of nanoemulsion characterization via atomic force microscopy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4908-4928. [PMID: 33543990 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoemulsion-based systems are widely applied in food industries for protecting active ingredients against oxidation and degradation and controlling the release rate of active core ingredients under particular conditions. Visualizing the interface morphology and measuring the interfacial interaction forces of nanoemulsion droplets are essential to tailor and design intelligent nanoemulsion-based systems. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is being established as an important technique for interface characterization, due to its unique advantages over traditional imaging and surface force-determining approaches. However, there is a gap in knowledge about the applicability of AFM in characterizing the droplet interface properties of nanoemulsions. This review aims to describe the fundamentals of the AFM technique and nanoemulsions, mainly focusing on the recent use of AFM to investigate nanoemulsion properties. In addition, by reviewing interfacial studies on emulsions in general, perspectives for the further development of AFM to study nanoemulsions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Minh Ho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Felix Abik
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi S Mikkonen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland
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Froelich A, Osmałek T, Jadach B, Puri V, Michniak-Kohn B. Microemulsion-Based Media in Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:201. [PMID: 33540856 PMCID: PMC7912993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nose-to-brain drug delivery has recently attracted enormous attention as an alternative to other delivery routes, including the most popular oral one. Due to the unique anatomical features of the nasal cavity, drugs administered intranasally can be delivered directly to the central nervous system. The most important advantage of this approach is the ability to avoid the blood-brain barrier surrounding the brain and blocking the entry of exogenous substances to the central nervous system. Moreover, selective brain targeting could possibly avoid peripheral side effects of pharmacotherapy. The challenges associated with nose-to-brain drug delivery are mostly due to the small volume of the nasal cavity and insufficient drug absorption from nasal mucosa. These issues could be minimized by using a properly designed drug carrier. Microemulsions as potential drug delivery systems offer good solubilizing properties and the ability to enhance drug permeation through biological membranes. The aim of this review is to summarize the current status of the research focused on microemulsion-based systems for nose-to-brain delivery with special attention to the most extensively investigated neurological and psychiatric conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Froelich
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (T.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Tomasz Osmałek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (T.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Barbara Jadach
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (T.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Vinam Puri
- Center for Dermal Research and Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (V.P.); (B.M.-K.)
| | - Bozena Michniak-Kohn
- Center for Dermal Research and Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (V.P.); (B.M.-K.)
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Flores Z, San-Martin D, Beldarraín-Iznaga T, Leiva-Vega J, Villalobos-Carvajal R. Effect of Homogenization Method and Carvacrol Content on Microstructural and Physical Properties of Chitosan-Based Films. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010141. [PMID: 33445489 PMCID: PMC7826678 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of EOs nanoemulsion to develop active edible films offers a new way to modify transport properties and to release active compounds while improving mechanical resistance, transparency, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to study the influence of homogenization conditions and carvacrol content on the microstructure and physical properties of edible nanoemulsified chitosan films. Film-forming emulsions (FFE) were prepared with chitosan (1.5%), Tween 80 (0.5%), and carvacrol (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0%); two homogenization methods were used (rotor-stator and rotor-stator followed by high-pressure homogenization). Film internal and surface microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and film physical properties, such as mechanical, optical, and water barrier, were evaluated. Results showed that the high-pressure homogenization method promoted a significant change on film microstructure, leading to improved properties. Carvacrol droplets were smaller and homogeneously distributed in the film when 0.5% (v/v) carvacrol was incorporated (1:1 Tween 80: carvacrol ratio). As a consequence, emulsified films obtained at high pressure were less opaque, had greater elongation, and had a lower permeability to water vapor than those obtained by the rotor-stator method. Therefore, high-pressure homogenization is a good method to obtain edible emulsified films with desirable properties for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoila Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Agricultura, Carretera a Dulce Nombre de Culmí, km 215 Barrio El Espino, Catacamas, Honduras;
| | - Diego San-Martin
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, P.O. Box 447, Chillán 3800708, Chile; (D.S.-M.); (T.B.-I.); (J.L.-V.)
| | - Tatiana Beldarraín-Iznaga
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, P.O. Box 447, Chillán 3800708, Chile; (D.S.-M.); (T.B.-I.); (J.L.-V.)
| | - Javier Leiva-Vega
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, P.O. Box 447, Chillán 3800708, Chile; (D.S.-M.); (T.B.-I.); (J.L.-V.)
| | - Ricardo Villalobos-Carvajal
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, P.O. Box 447, Chillán 3800708, Chile; (D.S.-M.); (T.B.-I.); (J.L.-V.)
- Correspondence:
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Kupikowska-Stobba B, Kasprzak M. Fabrication of nanoparticles for bone regeneration: new insight into applications of nanoemulsion technology. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5221-5244. [PMID: 34142690 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00559f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introducing synthetic bone substitutes into the clinic was a major breakthrough in the regenerative medicine of bone. Despite many advantages of currently available bone implant materials such as biocompatiblity and osteoconductivity, they still suffer from relatively poor bioactivity, osteoinductivity and osteointegration. These properties can be effectively enhanced by functionalization of implant materials with nanoparticles such as osteoinductive hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, resembling inorganic part of the bone, or bioactive polymer nanoparticles providing sustained delivery of pro-osteogenic agents directly at implantation site. One of the most widespread techniques for fabrication of nanoparticles for bone regeneration applications is nanoemulsification. It allows manufacturing of nanoscale particles (<100 nm) that are injectable, 3D-printable, offer high surface-area-to-volume-ratio and minimal mass transport limitations. Nanoparticles obtained by this technique are of particular interest for biomedical engineering due to fabrication procedures requiring low surfactant concentrations, which translates into reduced risk of surfactant-related in vivo adverse effects and improved biocompatibility of the product. This review discusses nanoemulsion technology and its current uses in manufacturing of nanoparticles for bone regeneration applications. In the first section, we introduce basic concepts of nanoemulsification including nanoemulsion formation, properties and preparation methods. In the next sections, we focus on applications of nanoemulsions in fabrication of nanoparticles used for delivery of drugs/biomolecules facilitating osteogenesis and functionalization of bone implants with special emphasis on biomimetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, synthetic polymer nanoparticles loaded with bioactive compounds and bone-targeting nanoparticles. We also highlight key challenges in formulation of nanoparticles via nanoemulsification and outline potential further improvements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network - Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Ceramic and Concrete Division in Warsaw, Department of Biomaterials, Postępu 9, 02-677, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Kasprzak
- ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network - Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Ceramic and Concrete Division in Warsaw, Department of Biomaterials, Postępu 9, 02-677, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sahoo M, Vishwakarma S, Panigrahi C, Kumar J. Nanotechnology: Current applications and future scope in food. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Sahoo
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Siddharth Vishwakarma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Chirasmita Panigrahi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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Joaquín-Cruz E, Hernández-Rodríguez L, Jiménez-Alvarado R, Alonso-Carrillo N, Cruz-Sosa F, Roman-Guerrero A. Water-in-oil nanoemulsions loaded with Ardisia compressa K. bioactive compounds: evaluation of their physicochemical stability and functional activities. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1848573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvia Joaquín-Cruz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rubén Jiménez-Alvarado
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Mexico
| | - Nancy Alonso-Carrillo
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Cruz-Sosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angelica Roman-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhang H, Chen S, Zhang B, Zhang X. Inhibiting Ostwald Ripening by Scaffolding Droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13682-13688. [PMID: 33143409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions as colloidal dispersions of deformable nanodroplets promise wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agriculture. The main limitation that reduces their industrial applications is stability, with Ostwald ripening acting as the main destabilization mechanism. Different from the conventional methods by functionalizing nanoemulsions with adequate ripening inhibitors, here we propose an alternative strategy to stabilize nanoemulsions by inhibiting Ostwald ripening. We report via Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and theoretical analysis that the evolution of droplets can be manipulated with the help of solid substrates, either along or against the direction of Ostwald ripening. It turns out that through pinning contact line of sessile droplets, heterogeneous substrates or solid nanoparticles can behave as a scaffold to suppress Ostwald ripening, to regulate droplet morphology and to enhance droplet stability. The identical curvature and unexpected stability of scaffolding droplets are then interpreted with free energy analysis. In addition, by simulating substrates with various heterogeneities and solid particles of different shapes, we demonstrate that it is a common phenomenon that scaffolding droplets can evolve beyond Ostwald ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xianren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Benelli G, Pavoni L, Zeni V, Ricciardi R, Cosci F, Cacopardo G, Gendusa S, Spinozzi E, Petrelli R, Cappellacci L, Maggi F, Pavela R, Bonacucina G, Lucchi A. Developing a Highly Stable Carlina acaulis Essential Oil Nanoemulsion for Managing Lobesia botrana. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091867. [PMID: 32961890 PMCID: PMC7559805 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in the development of green pest management strategies is leading to the exploitation of essential oils (EOs) as promising botanical pesticides. In this respect, nanotechnology could efficiently support the use of EOs through their encapsulation into stable nanoformulations, such as nanoemulsions (NEs), to improve their stability and efficacy. This technology assures the improvement of the chemical stability, hydrophilicity, and environmental persistence of EOs, giving an added value for the fabrication of natural insecticides effective against a wide spectrum of insect vectors and pests of public and agronomical importance. Carlina acaulis (Asteraceae) root EO has been recently proposed as a promising ingredient of a new generation of botanical insecticides. In the present study, a highly stable C. acaulis-based NE was developed. Interestingly, such a nanosystem was able to encapsulate 6% (w/w) of C. acaulis EO, showing a mean diameter of around 140 nm and a SOR (surfactant-to-oil ratio) of 0.6. Its stability was evaluated in a storage period of six months and corroborated by an accelerated stability study. Therefore, the C. acaulis EO and C. acaulis-based NE were evaluated for their toxicity against 1st instar larvae of the European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a major vineyard pest. The chemical composition of C. acaulis EO was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealing carlina oxide, a polyacetylene, as the main constituent. In toxicity assays, both the C. acaulis EO and the C. acaulis-based NE were highly toxic to L. botrana larvae, with LC50 values of 7.299 and 9.044 µL/mL for C. acaulis EO and NE, respectively. The C. acaulis-based NE represents a promising option to develop highly stable botanical insecticides for pest management. To date, this study represents the first evidence about the insecticidal toxicity of EOs and EO-based NEs against this major grapevine pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0502216141
| | - Lucia Pavoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Valeria Zeni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Renato Ricciardi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Francesca Cosci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Gloria Cacopardo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Saverio Gendusa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Eleonora Spinozzi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Plant Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (S.G.); (E.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Andrea Lucchi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (R.R.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.)
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Pavoni L, Perinelli DR, Ciacciarelli A, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, Miano A, Casettari L, Cespi M, Bonacucina G, Palmieri GF. Properties and stability of nanoemulsions: How relevant is the type of surfactant? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Nanoemulsion-based systems as a promising approach for enhancing the antitumoral activity of pequi oil (Caryocar brasilense Cambess.) in breast cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Long Y, Huang W, Wang Q, Yang G. Green synthesis of garlic oil nanoemulsion using ultrasonication technique and its mechanism of antifungal action against Penicillium italicum. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 64:104970. [PMID: 32014757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium italicum (P. italicum) can cause significant economic loss of fruits and vegetables. Although garlic oil (GO) is an effective antimicrobial agent, the unstability and hydrophobicity limit its use as an environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional antibiotics against P. italicum. In this study, we focused on the fabrication and characterization of a functional GO nanoemulsion (NE) using ultrasonic technique and revealed the antifungal mechanism of the GO NE on P. italicum based on morphological, structural and molecular analyses. The optimal hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value determined for GO was 14 through the combination of Tween 80 and Span 80. Then the Box-Benhnken Design (BBD) was applied to produce the GO NE and the effects of different fabrication parameters on the particle size were evaluated. The optimal GO NE was selected with the GO concentration of 5.5%, the Smix concentration of 10%, the ultrasonic time of 5 min and the power of 50%. This GO NE had the smallest particle size of 52.27 nm, the best antifungal effect and the most stability. Furthermore, the antifungal mechanism of the GO NE on P. italicum was evaluated by extracellular conductivity, micro-Raman spectra, fluorescence imaging and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The results presented that the GO NE retained the antifungal active ingredients. The fungal cell structure and morphology were malformed after treated with the GO NE and the lipids, nucleic acids and protein of P. italicum were destructed. Finally, the optimal GO NE was applied in vivo and P. italicum in citrus was successfully inhibited. It indicated that the optimal GO NE had the better antifungal activity against P. italicum than the pure GO. Besides, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GO after preparing into the NE was changed from 3.7% to 0.01265% with about 300 times improvement of bioavailability. Therefore, the synthetic GO NE which promoted the bioavailability of GO was recommended as a promising alternative to inhibit P. italicum in vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Long
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wenqian Huang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Qingyan Wang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Guiyan Yang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
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Adriany A, Jéssica S, Ana O, Raimunda S, Andreanne V, Luan S, Thiago A, Wanessa C, Maria S, Ana M, Yvonne M, Jand-Venes M, Jaco S, Luis M, Selma K, Manuela P, R. LJ. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity improvement of lycopene from guava on nanoemulsifying system. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1728300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amorim Adriany
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIOTEC, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, CMRV, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil
| | - Souza Jéssica
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIOTEC, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, CMRV, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil
| | - Oliveira Ana
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, CBQF, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Asprela Porto, Portugal
| | - Santos Raimunda
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIOTEC, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, CMRV, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil
| | - Vasconcelos Andreanne
- Area Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Souza Luan
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, LAFFEX, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brasil
| | - Araújo Thiago
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, LAFFEX, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brasil
| | - Cabral Wanessa
- Area Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Silva Maria
- Area Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Mafud Ana
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, IFSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Mascarenhas Yvonne
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, IFSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Medeiros Jand-Venes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIOTEC, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, CMRV, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, LAFFEX, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brasil
| | | | | | - Kückelhaus Selma
- Area Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Pintado Manuela
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, CBQF, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Asprela Porto, Portugal
| | - Leite José R.
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIOTEC, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, CMRV, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil
- Area Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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41
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de Lourdes Pérez-González ML, González-de la Rosa CH, Pérez-Hernández G, Beltrán HI. Nanostructured oleic acid/polysorbate 80 emulsions with diminished toxicity in NL-20 cell line: Insights of potential drug carriers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 187:110758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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42
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Li Z, Xu D, Yuan Y, Wu H, Hou J, Kang W, Bai B. Advances of spontaneous emulsification and its important applications in enhanced oil recovery process. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 277:102119. [PMID: 32045722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emulsions, including oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, can play important roles in both controlling reservoir conformance and displacing residual oil for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects. However, current methods, like high-shear mixing, high-pressure homogenizing, sonicators and others, often use lots of extra energy to prepare the emulsions with high costs but very low energy efficiency. In recent decades, spontaneous emulsification methods, which allow one to create micro- and nano-droplets with very low or even no mechanical energy input, have been launched as an overall less expensive and more efficient alternatives to current high extra energy methods. Herein, we primarily review the basic concepts on spontaneous emulsification, including mechanisms, methods and influenced parameters, which are relevant for fundamental applications for industrials. The spontaneity of the emulsification process is influenced by the following variables: surfactant structure, concentration and initial location, oil phase composition, addition of co-surfactant and non-aqueous solvent, as well as salinity and temperature. Then, we focus on the description of importance for emulsions in EOR processes from advances and categories to improving oil recovery mechanisms, including both sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency aspects. Finally, we systematically address the applications and outlooks based on the use of spontaneous emulsification in the practical oil reservoirs for EOR processes, in which conventional, heavy, high-temperature, high-salinity and low-permeability oil reservoirs, as well as wastewater treatments after EOR processes are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Derong Xu
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Yongjie Yuan
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Hairong Wu
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Jirui Hou
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Wanli Kang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Baojun Bai
- Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, PR China; Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401, United States
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43
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Feng J, Esquena J, Rodriguez-Abreu C, Solans C. Key features of nano-emulsion formation by the phase inversion temperature method. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1724800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- Inner Mongolia Vocational College of Chemical Engineering, Hohhot, China
| | - Jordi Esquena
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxita Solans
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
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Pavoni L, Perinelli DR, Bonacucina G, Cespi M, Palmieri GF. An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E135. [PMID: 31940900 PMCID: PMC7023169 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The interest around essential oils is constantly increasing thanks to their biological properties exploitable in several fields, from pharmaceuticals to food and agriculture. However, their widespread use and marketing are still restricted due to their poor physico-chemical properties; i.e., high volatility, thermal decomposition, low water solubility, and stability issues. At the moment, the most suitable approach to overcome such limitations is based on the development of proper formulation strategies. One of the approaches suggested to achieve this goal is the so-called encapsulation process through the preparation of aqueous nano-dispersions. Among them, micro- and nanoemulsions are the most studied thanks to the ease of formulation, handling and to their manufacturing costs. In this direction, this review intends to offer an overview of the formulation, preparation and stability parameters of micro- and nanoemulsions. Specifically, recent literature has been examined in order to define the most common practices adopted (materials and fabrication methods), highlighting their suitability and effectiveness. Finally, relevant points related to formulations, such as optimization, characterization, stability and safety, not deeply studied or clarified yet, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.P.); (D.R.P.); (G.B.); (G.F.P.)
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45
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Pongsumpun P, Iwamoto S, Siripatrawan U. Response surface methodology for optimization of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion with improved stability and antifungal activity. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 60:104604. [PMID: 31539730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The optimum formulation and ultrasonic condition for fabrication of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) nanoemulsion were determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The CEO nanoemulsions were formed using an ultrasonic bath (43 kHz at power output of 210 W) and an ultrasonic probe (24 kHz at power of 400 W). Probe ultrasonication outperformed bath ultrasonication since it produced nanoemulsions with smaller droplet size, narrower size distribution as measured using polydispersity index (PDI), and higher viscosity. The influences of sonication time of 180.23-351.77 s, temperature of 4.82-45.18 °C, and Tween® 80 concentration of 1-3% w/w on the droplet size, PDI, and viscosity were investigated using RSM based on Box-Behnken design (BBD). The RSM revealed that the sonication time of 266 s, temperature of 4.82 °C, and Tween® 80 of 3% w/w produced the optimum CEO nanoemulsion with droplet size of 65.98 nm, PDI of 0.15, and viscosity of 1.67 mPa.s. Moreover, the optimum nanoemulsion had good stability in terms of droplet size and PDI when storing at 4, 30, and 45 °C for 90 days. The antifungal activity of the optimum CEO nanoemulsion was then investigated against Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus arrhizus, Penicillium sp., and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in comparison to CEO coarse emulsion. The results showed that the CEO nanoemulsion had better antifungal activity than coarse emulsion of CEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puntipa Pongsumpun
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Satoshi Iwamoto
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ubonrat Siripatrawan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Wik J, Bansal KK, Assmuth T, Rosling A, Rosenholm JM. Facile methodology of nanoemulsion preparation using oily polymer for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019; 10:1228-1240. [PMID: 31858441 PMCID: PMC7447668 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solubility of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is a determining factor that has a direct impact on formulation strategies and overall bioavailability. Fabrication of nanoemulsions of poorly soluble drugs is one of the widely utilized approaches to overcome this problem. However, thermodynamic instability and tedious manufacturing processes of nanoemulsions limit their clinical translation. Therefore, this study was focused on circumventing the abovementioned hurdles by utilizing the polymer as an oil phase, instead of conventional oils. The nanoemulsion was prepared via a facile low-energy nanoprecipitation method using renewable poly(δ-decalactone) (PDL), as an oil phase and Pluronic F-68 as surfactant. The prepared nanoemulsions were characterized in terms of size, drug encapsulation efficiency, stability, and toxicity. Five different hydrophobic drugs were utilized to evaluate the drug delivery capability of the PDL nanoemulsion. The prepared nanoemulsions with sizes less than 200 nm were capable to enhance the aqueous solubility of the drugs by 3 to 10 times compared with the well-established Pluronic F-68 micelles. No phase separation or significant changes in size and drug content was observed with PDL nanoemulsions after high-speed centrifugation and 3 months of storage at two different temperatures (20 °C and 50 °C). PDL nanoemulsions were found to be non-heamolytic up to concentrations of 1 mg/mL, and the cell cytotoxicity studies on MDA-MB-231 and MEF cells suggest a concentration and time-dependent toxicity, where the PDL polymer itself induced no cytotoxicity. The results from this study clearly indicate that the PDL polymer has a tremendous potential to be utilized as an oil phase to prepare stable nanoemulsions via a facile methodology, ultimately favouring clinical translations. TOC graphic ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Wik
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Kuldeep K Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland.
| | - Tatu Assmuth
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Ari Rosling
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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Saffarionpour S. Preparation of Food Flavor Nanoemulsions by High- and Low-Energy Emulsification Approaches. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-019-09201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lin CY, Tsai SM. Emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with nanoemulsions of continuous diesel dispersed with solketal droplets. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 55:224-229. [PMID: 31674258 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1682366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Solketal is a promising oxygenate additive that can be chemically derived from bioglycerol. Emulsification by a microwave-irradiating method was used to prepare the micro- and nanoemulsions of solketal dispersed in continuous ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) due to the immiscibility of solketal with ULSD. The emissions from a direct-injection, four-stroke and naturally aspirated diesel engine fueled with each of these emulsions, and with neat ULSD, were analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the nanoemulsion and microemulsions were successfully produced. In addition, an increasing engine speed resulted in lower NOx, CO and O2 but higher CO2 emissions. The nanoemulsion was found to produce the lowest NOx emission while neat ULSD produced the highest NOx emission among these three test fuels. The lowest CO emission was formed by fueling the micro-emulsion of dispersed solketal-in-ULSD. Moreover, the burning of the nanoemulsion in the diesel engine formed the highest CO2 along with the lowest O2 emissions. Hence, the nanoemulsion had the highest burning efficiency among the three test fuels for the diesel engine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherng-Yuan Lin
- Department of Marine Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Tsai
- Department of Marine Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
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49
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Zhong Q, Zhang L. Nanoparticles fabricated from bulk solid lipids: Preparation, properties, and potential food applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 273:102033. [PMID: 31614266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Unlike conventional emulsions, solid lipids are used to prepare solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with crystalline structures and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with imperfect crystals or amorphous structures to encapsulate various bioactive compounds significant to food applications. The solid lipid matrix can stabilize particle structures and control release properties of the encapsulated compounds that may not be possible for emulsions with liquid droplets. In this review, common approaches of preparing SLNs and NLCs are first presented, followed by parameters used to study lipid particles, including dimensional, morphological, charge, thermal, and crystalline properties. The structures of SLNs and NLCs with respect to the release mechanisms of encapsulated compounds are discussed in the context of lipid and emulsifier chemistry and preparation conditions. Lastly, possible applications of SLNs and NLCs in food systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Linhan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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50
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Lin CY, Tsai SM. Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193497. [PMID: 31561537 PMCID: PMC6804196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a derivative product of bio-glycerol, this study first uses solketal as a combustion improver for enhancing diesel engine characteristics. The emulsions of nanometer- and micrometer-sized droplets of solketal, which disperse evenly in the ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), are formed by the effects of microwave irradiation. The performance of diesel engine fueled with the nanoemulsion of ULSD with scattered solketal droplets is analyzed and compared to that with the microemulsion. The experimental results show that the nanoemulsions can form when over 15 wt. % surfactant mixtures of Span 80 and Tween 80 and less than 5 wt. % solketal are mixed and emulsified with the remaining ULSD content, which acts as the continuous phase of the emulsions. The nanoemulsions are observed to have significantly lower brake-specific fuel consumption (bsfc) and higher fuel conversion efficiency and exhaust gas temperature than those of the microemulsions and the neat ULSD. However, the bsfc of the nanoemulsions increases with greater engine speed and gradually approaches those of the latter two test fuels. In addition, the dispersed solketal droplet sizes are mostly concentrated around 127 nm with peak intensity of 12.65% in the nanoemulsions. The microwave-assisted formation used in this study is found to successfully produce the nanoemulsions in which all of the dispersed droplet sizes are much smaller than 1000 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherng-Yuan Lin
- Department of Marine Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Ming Tsai
- Department of Marine Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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