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Mišík M, Staudinger M, Kundi M, Worel N, Nersesyan A, Ferk F, Dusinska M, Azqueta A, Møller P, Knasmueller S. Use of the Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay for the Detection of DNA-protective Dietary Factors: Results of Human Intervention Studies. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2023; 791:108458. [PMID: 37031732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The single cell gel electrophoresis technique is based on the measurement of DNA migration in an electric field and enables to investigate via determination of DNA-damage the impact of foods and their constituents on the genetic stability. DNA-damage leads to adverse effects including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and infertility. In the last 25 years approximately 90 human intervention trials have been published in which DNA-damage, formation of oxidized bases, alterations of the sensitivity towards reactive oxygen species and chemicals and of repair functions were investigated with this technique. In approximately 50% of the studies protective effects were observed. Pronounced protection was found with certain plant foods (spinach, kiwi fruits, onions), coffee, green tea, honey and olive oil. Also diets with increased contents of vegetables caused positive effects. Small amounts of certain phenolics (gallic acid, xanthohumol) prevented oxidative damage of DNA; with antioxidant vitamins and cholecalciferol protective effects were only detected after intake of doses that exceed the recommended daily uptake values. The evaluation of the quality of the studies showed that many have methodological shortcomings (lack of controls, no calibration of repair enzymes, inadequate control of the compliance and statistical analyses) which should be avoided in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Mišík
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlen Staudinger
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Worel
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Health Benefits of Coffee Consumption for Cancer and Other Diseases and Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032706. [PMID: 36769029 PMCID: PMC9916720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, and epidemiology studies associate higher coffee consumption with decreased rates of mortality and decreased rates of neurological and metabolic diseases, including Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes. In addition, there is also evidence that higher coffee consumption is associated with lower rates of colon and rectal cancer, as well as breast, endometrial, and other cancers, although for some of these cancers, the results are conflicting. These studies reflect the chemopreventive effects of coffee; there is also evidence that coffee consumption may be therapeutic for some forms of breast and colon cancer, and this needs to be further investigated. The mechanisms associated with the chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic effects of over 1000 individual compounds in roasted coffee are complex and may vary with different diseases. Some of these mechanisms may be related to nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2)-regulated pathways that target oxidative stress or pathways that induce reactive oxygen species to kill diseased cells (primarily therapeutic). There is evidence for the involvement of receptors which include the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1), as well as contributions from epigenetic pathways and the gut microbiome. Further elucidation of the mechanisms will facilitate the potential future clinical applications of coffee extracts for treating cancer and other inflammatory diseases.
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Anwar MM, Laila IMI. Mitigative effect of caffeine against diclofenac-induced hepato-renal damage and chromosomal aberrations in male albino rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:327. [PMID: 36482339 PMCID: PMC9732991 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the most commonly consumed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is Diclofenac (Dic), especially in low-income countries due to its high efficiency and affordable price. However, the continuous administration of Diclofenac may induce toxic effects on various body organs including the liver and kidney. Caffeine (Caf) (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a pharmacologically active alkaloid type with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. AIM The current study aims to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Caffeine against Dic-induced hepato-renal toxicity and damage. METHODS Twenty-four male albino rats type were assigned randomly into four groups (n = 6): (Group 1): Control group, (Group 2): Six male rats were exposed to Dic 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (I.P) for 28 days, (Group 3): Six male rats were exposed to Caf (15 mg/kg orally) for 28 days; (Groups 4): Six male rats were exposed to Dic (10 mg/kg, i.p) + Caf (15 mg/kg, orally) for 28 days. Histopathological study and various biological parameters were estimated among the four groups including hemoglobin (Hb%) red blood cells (RBCs), Hematocrit (HT%), total leucocyte count (WBCs), lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO). RESULTS The administration of Diclofenac resulted in significant deteriorations in the histopathological findings and estimated biological parameters. Whereas, daily Caffeine administration ameliorated Diclofenac-induced toxicity in the kidney and liver by three mechanisms including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and DNA damage inhibition. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated the promising ameliorative and protective effects of Caffeine against Diclofenac-induced hepatic and renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Anwar
- grid.419698.bDepartment of Biochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo, Egypt ,grid.419698.bNational Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim Laila
- grid.419698.bDepartment of Biotechnology & Molecular drug evaluation, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo, Egypt
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Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (Nrf2) in the Recovery of Long COVID-19 Using Natural Antioxidants: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081551. [PMID: 36009268 PMCID: PMC9405009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with approximately 517 million confirmed cases, with the average number of cases revealing that patients recover immediately without hospitalization. However, several other cases found that patients still experience various symptoms after 3–12 weeks, which is known as a long COVID syndrome. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can activate nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ) and unbind the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), causing inhibition of Nrf2, which has an important role in antioxidant response and redox homeostasis. Disrupting the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway enhances Nrf2 activity, and has been identified as a vital approach for the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, natural antioxidants from various sources have been identified as a promising strategy to prevent oxidative stress, which plays a role in reducing the long COVID-19 symptoms. Oxygen-rich natural antioxidant compounds provide an effective Nrf2 activation effect that interact with the conserved amino acid residues in the Keap1-binding pocket, such as Ser602, Ser363, Ser508, and Ser555. In this review, the benefits of various natural antioxidant compounds that can modulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which is critical in reducing and curing long COVID-19, are highlighted and discussed.
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Molecular Mechanisms of Coffee on Prostate Cancer Prevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3254420. [PMID: 35496060 PMCID: PMC9054433 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3254420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-κB pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development.
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Toydemir G. Screening of the AhR- and Nrf2-linked transcriptional activities of some cruciferous vegetables and nuts in human intestinal epithelial cells as foods containing endogenous AhR ligand precursors. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2022.2028263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Toydemir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
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Zazueta C, Jimenez-Uribe AP, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Buelna-Chontal M. Genetic Variations on Redox Control in Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Role of Nrf2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030507. [PMID: 35326157 PMCID: PMC8944632 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of multiple cytoprotective genes that maintain redox homeostasis and exert anti-inflammatory functions. The Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway is a paramount target of many cardioprotective strategies, because redox homeostasis is essential in cardiovascular health. Nrf2 gene variations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are correlated with cardiometabolic diseases and drug responses. SNPs of Nrf2, KEAP1, and other related genes can impair the transcriptional activation or the activity of the resulting protein, exerting differential susceptibility to cardiometabolic disease progression and prevalence. Further understanding of the implications of Nrf2 polymorphisms on basic cellular processes involved in cardiometabolic diseases progression and prevalence will be helpful to establish more accurate protective strategies. This review provides insight into the association between the polymorphisms of Nrf2-related genes with cardiometabolic diseases. We also briefly describe that SNPs of Nrf2-related genes are potential modifiers of the pharmacokinetics that contribute to the inter-individual variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Zazueta
- Departmento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, I.Ch., Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Alexis Paulina Jimenez-Uribe
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.P.J.-U.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.P.J.-U.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Mabel Buelna-Chontal
- Departmento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, I.Ch., Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Correspondence:
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Hutachok N, Koonyosying P, Pankasemsuk T, Angkasith P, Chumpun C, Fucharoen S, Srichairatanakool S. Chemical Analysis, Toxicity Study, and Free-Radical Scavenging and Iron-Binding Assays Involving Coffee ( Coffea arabica) Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144169. [PMID: 34299444 PMCID: PMC8304909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the chemical compositions in Arabica coffee bean extracts, assess the relevant antioxidant and iron-chelating activities in coffee extracts and instant coffee, and evaluate the toxicity in roasted coffee. Coffee beans were extracted using boiling, drip-filtered and espresso brewing methods. Certain phenolics were investigated including trigonelline, caffeic acid and their derivatives, gallic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and their derivatives, p-coumaroylquinic acid, p-coumaroyl glucoside, the rutin and syringic acid that exist in green and roasted coffee extracts, along with dimethoxycinnamic acid, caffeoylarbutin and cymaroside that may be present in green coffee bean extracts. Different phytochemicals were also detected in all of the coffee extracts. Roasted coffee extracts and instant coffees exhibited free-radical scavenging properties in a dose-dependent manner, for which drip coffee was observed to be the most effective (p < 0.05). All coffee extracts, instant coffee varieties and CGA could effectively bind ferric ion in a concentration-dependent manner resulting in an iron-bound complex. Roasted coffee extracts were neither toxic to normal mononuclear cells nor breast cancer cells. The findings indicate that phenolics, particularly CGA, could effectively contribute to the iron-chelating and free-radical scavenging properties observed in coffee brews. Thus, coffee may possess high pharmacological value and could be utilized as a health beverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuntouchaporn Hutachok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Pimpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Tanachai Pankasemsuk
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pongsak Angkasith
- Royal Project Foundation, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Chaiwat Chumpun
- Royal Project Foundation, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Salaya Campus, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom 70130, Thailand;
| | - Somdet Srichairatanakool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.H.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5393-5322
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Kolb H, Martin S, Kempf K. Coffee and Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Arguments for a Causal Relationship. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041144. [PMID: 33807132 PMCID: PMC8066601 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective epidemiological studies concur in an association between habitual coffee consumption and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Several aspects of these studies support a cause–effect relationship. There is a dependency on daily coffee dose. Study outcomes are similar in different regions of the world, show no differences between sexes, between obese versus lean, young versus old, smokers versus nonsmokers, regardless of the number of confounders adjusted for. Randomized controlled intervention trials did not find a consistent impact of drinking coffee on acute metabolic control, except for effects of caffeine. Therefore, lowering of diabetes risk by coffee consumption does not involve an acute effect on the post-meal course of blood glucose, insulin or insulin resistance. Several studies in animals and humans find that the ingestion of coffee phytochemicals induces an adaptive cellular response characterized by upregulation and de novo synthesis of enzymes involved in cell defense and repair. A key regulator is the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in association with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AMP-activated kinase and sirtuins. One major site of coffee actions appears to be the liver, causing improved fat oxidation and lower risk of steatosis. Another major effect of coffee intake is preservation of functional beta cell mass via enhanced mitochondrial function, lower endoplasmic reticulum stress and prevention or clearance of aggregates of misfolded proinsulin or amylin. Long-term preservation of proper liver and beta cell function may account for the association of habitual coffee drinking with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, rather than acute improvement of metabolic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Kolb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-566036016
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Clifford T, Acton JP, Cocksedge SP, Davies KAB, Bailey SJ. The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1745-1761. [PMID: 33515348 PMCID: PMC7925463 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review of human trials examining the effects of dietary phytochemicals on Nrf2 activation. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, Medline, Embase and CAB abstracts were searched for articles from inception until March 2020. Studies in adult humans that measured Nrf2 activation (gene or protein expression changes) following ingestion of a phytochemical, either alone or in combination were included. The study was pre-registered on the Prospero database (Registration Number: CRD42020176121). Twenty-nine full-texts were retrieved and reviewed for analysis; of these, eighteen were included in the systematic review. Most of the included participants were healthy, obese or type 2 diabetics. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Assessment tool. Twelve different compounds were examined in the included studies: curcumin, resveratrol and sulforaphane were the most common (n = 3 each). Approximately half of the studies reported increases in Nrf2 activation (n = 10); however, many were of poor quality and had an unclear or high risk of bias. There is currently limited evidence that phytochemicals activate Nrf2 in humans. Well controlled human intervention trials are needed to corroborate the findings from in vitro and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Clifford
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Jarred P Acton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Stuart P Cocksedge
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Kelly A Bowden Davies
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH, UK
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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Abstract
Juices, wine, coffee, and cocoa are rich sources of natural polyphenolic compounds that have potent antioxidant activities proven by in vitro and in vivo studies. These polyphenolic compounds quench reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) or reactive free radicals and act as natural antioxidants which are also able to protect against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage, which elevates cellular antioxidant capacity to induce antioxidant defense mechanisms by modulating transcription factors. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor encoded in humans. It is activated as a result of oxidative stress and induces the expression of its target genes. This is one of the most important cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. However, the oxidative stress alone is not enough to activate Nrf2. Hence phytochemicals, especially polyphenolics, act as natural Nrf2 activators. Herein, this review discusses the natural products identified in juices, coffee, cocoa and wines that modulate Nrf2 activity in cellular systems.
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Kimsa-Dudek M, Krawczyk A, Synowiec-Wojtarowicz A, Dudek S, Pawłowska-Góral K. The impact of the co-exposure of melanoma cells to chlorogenic acid and a moderate-strength static magnetic field. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13512. [PMID: 33034089 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A static magnetic field (SMF) or the bioactive compounds that are found in foods are potential agents that can be used to support cancer therapy. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the impact of the SMF that are induced by neodymium magnets on the culture growth and antioxidant status of melanoma cells that had been treated with chlorogenic acid (CGA). The melanoma cells, the control and those that had been treated with CGA, were put in special magnetic test chambers that generated a 0.7 T magnetic field. The mRNA levels of the antioxidant enzymes were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT was measured in the cell lysates. While the expression and activity of the antioxidant enzymes was inhibited relative to the untreated cells as a result of the CGA treatment (1 mmol/L), it was not after the CGA treatment in combination with an SMF. The demonstrated cytotoxicity of CGA (1 mmol/L) and its inhibition of the antioxidant enzymes suggests the usefulness of phenolic compounds as a supporting pharmacological treatment for melanoma. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Phenolic acids and their derivatives, which are the bioactive components of the human diet, are signal molecules that transfer information from the external environment that affects the level of gene expression in cells. This study suggests the usefulness of phenolic compounds as a supporting pharmacological treatment for melanoma and seems to be important for the development of experimental oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Agata Krawczyk
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Synowiec-Wojtarowicz
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Sławomir Dudek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawłowska-Góral
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Toydemir G, Loonen LMP, Venkatasubramanian PB, Mes JJ, Wells JM, De Wit N. Coffee induces AHR- and Nrf2-mediated transcription in intestinal epithelial cells. Food Chem 2020; 341:128261. [PMID: 33038802 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Coffee induces a health-promoting adaptive response of cells in the body. Here, we investigated enterocyte responses to AHR agonists in coffee and measured their transport across a polarized intestinal epithelium. AHR-activating potencies of Turkish, filter, and instant coffee were determined using DR CALUX® bioassay, before and after intestinal metabolization by Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, effects of coffee on induction of AHR- and Nrf2-pathway genes in Caco-2 cells were evaluated by real-time qPCR. Coffee samples showed considerable AHR-activating potencies in DR CALUX® bioassay (up to 79% of positive control activity). After incubation with Caco-2 cells, AHR activity of different coffees was between 35 and 64% of their initial value, suggesting rapid uptake and metabolization by epithelial cells. Expression of AHR-regulated gene CYP1A1 increased up to 41-fold and most Nrf2-pathway genes were up-regulated by coffee. This in vitro study may support the notion that coffee bioactives contribute to antioxidant defense and detoxification processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Toydemir
- Food Engineering Department, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Kestel-Alanya 07450, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Linda M P Loonen
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jurriaan J Mes
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole De Wit
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Kolb H, Kempf K, Martin S. Health Effects of Coffee: Mechanism Unraveled? Nutrients 2020; 12:E1842. [PMID: 32575704 PMCID: PMC7353358 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of habitual coffee consumption with a lower risk of diseases, like type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic liver disease, certain cancer types, or with reduced all-cause mortality, has been confirmed in prospective cohort studies in many regions of the world. The molecular mechanism is still unresolved. The radical-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity of coffee constituents is too weak to account for such effects. We argue here that coffee as a plant food has similar beneficial properties to many vegetables and fruits. Recent studies have identified a health promoting mechanism common to coffee, vegetables and fruits, i.e., the activation of an adaptive cellular response characterized by the upregulation of proteins involved in cell protection, notably antioxidant, detoxifying and repair enzymes. Key to this response is the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2) system by phenolic phytochemicals, which induces the expression of cell defense genes. Coffee plays a dominant role in that regard because it is the major dietary source of phenolic acids and polyphenols in the developed world. A possible supportive action may be the modulation of the gut microbiota by non-digested prebiotic constituents of coffee, but the available data are still scarce. We conclude that coffee employs similar pathways of promoting health as assumed for other vegetables and fruits. Coffee beans may be viewed as healthy vegetable food and a main supplier of dietary phenolic phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Kolb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Duesseldorf, Germany
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Turck D, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst K, Kearney J, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Bresson J, Siani A. Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06055. [PMID: 32874267 PMCID: PMC7448089 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an application from Tchibo GmbH submitted for authorisation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Germany, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks. The scope of the application was proposed to fall under a health claim based on newly developed scientific evidence. The food proposed by the applicant as the subject of the health claim is Coffee C21. The Panel considers that Coffee C21, a coffee standardised by its concentration of caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), trigonelline and N-methylpyridinium (NMP), is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effect. The Panel considers that the claimed effect, protection of DNA from strand breaks, is a beneficial physiological effect. Out of the two human intervention studies from which conclusion could be drawn, one study provides some evidence that daily consumption of Coffee C21 (750 mL/day) for 4 weeks decreases DNA strand breaks in habitual coffee drinkers after coffee withdrawal over the previous four weeks. However, the results of this study were not replicated in another study conducted under similar conditions in the same study centre. No studies performed in a different setting, from which conclusions could be drawn, were available. No evidence has been provided for a mechanism by which coffee (including Coffee C21) would reduce DNA damage in human cells by reducing DNA strand breaks. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks.
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Yao J, Peng S, Xu J, Fang J. Reversing ROS-mediated neurotoxicity by chlorogenic acid involves its direct antioxidant activity and activation of Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. Biofactors 2019; 45:616-626. [PMID: 30951611 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CA), the ester of caffeic acid and quinic acid, is one of the most abundant polyphenols in coffee, and has multiple pharmacological functions. The present study is designed to explore the protection provided by CA against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damages in the rat pheochromocytoma cells, and the underlying mechanisms engaged in this process. CA displays robust free radical-scavenging activity in vitro. More importantly, CA strikingly rescues the cells from the H2 O2 -mediated oxidative insults. Mechanistic studies revealed that CA upregulates a panel of phase II cytoprotective species, such as heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutathione, thioredoxin reductase 1, and thioredoxin 1. This neuroprotection is dependent on the activation of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as knockdown of Nrf2 abolishes such effect. Our results demonstrate that CA provides dual neuroprotection via directly neutralizing free radicals and indirectly inducing expression of Nrf2-driven cytoprotective enzymes, and suggest a potential therapeutic usage of CA as a neuroprotective agent. Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world, and our discovery may also contribute to understanding the beneficial effects of regular coffee consumption. © 2019 BioFactors, 45 (4):616-626, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Panjin Industrial Technology Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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17
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Hexafluoroisopropanol-salt aqueous two-phase system for extraction and purification of chlorogenic acid from ramie leaves. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1597:196-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Pahlke G, Attakpah E, Aichinger G, Ahlberg K, Hochkogler CM, Schweiger K, Schipp D, Somoza V, Marko D. Dark coffee consumption protects human blood cells from spontaneous DNA damage. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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19
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Critical Evaluation of Gene Expression Changes in Human Tissues in Response to Supplementation with Dietary Bioactive Compounds: Moving Towards Better-Quality Studies. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070807. [PMID: 29932449 PMCID: PMC6073419 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical cell and animal nutrigenomic studies have long suggested the modulation of the transcription of multiple gene targets in cells and tissues as a potential molecular mechanism of action underlying the beneficial effects attributed to plant-derived bioactive compounds. To try to demonstrate these molecular effects in humans, a considerable number of clinical trials have now explored the changes in the expression levels of selected genes in various human cell and tissue samples following intervention with different dietary sources of bioactive compounds. In this review, we have compiled a total of 75 human studies exploring gene expression changes using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). We have critically appraised the study design and methodology used as well as the gene expression results reported. We herein pinpoint some of the main drawbacks and gaps in the experimental strategies applied, as well as the high interindividual variability of the results and the limited evidence supporting some of the investigated genes as potential responsive targets. We reinforce the need to apply normalized procedures and follow well-established methodological guidelines in future studies in order to achieve improved and reliable results that would allow for more relevant and biologically meaningful results.
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Priftis A, Angeli-Terzidou AE, Veskoukis AS, Spandidos DA, Kouretas D. Cell‑specific and roasting‑dependent regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway by coffee extracts. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:8325-8331. [PMID: 29693701 PMCID: PMC5984008 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a popular beverage that contains various bioactive compounds. However, its molecular mechanism of action is not fully elucidated. In this context, two previously characterized coffee extracts, a lightly roasted and the corresponding green one, were investigated for their effect on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target gene expression in myoblasts and endothelial cells using quantitative PCR. The tested concentrations were non-cytotoxic and led to improved redox cell status, as was evident by increased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. In both cell lines, the roasted extract upregulated gene expression more readily than its green counterpart leading to increased NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and γ-glutamyl cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, among others. The green extract had a mixed effect on the endothelial cells, while, as regards the myoblasts it caused the downregulation of some Nrf-target genes. Therefore, a potential dose- and roasting-dependent mechanism is proposed in the current study, accounting for coffee's antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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21
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Roasted and green coffee extracts show antioxidant and cytotoxic activity in myoblast and endothelial cell lines in a cell specific manner. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:119-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Priftis A, Goutzourelas N, Halabalaki M, Ntasi G, Stagos D, Amoutzias GD, Skaltsounis LA, Kouretas D. Effect of polyphenols from coffee and grape on gene expression in myoblasts. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 172:115-122. [PMID: 29174054 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coffee and grape contain various bioactive compounds like polyphenols that may exert beneficial effects, especially antioxidant activity, on human health upon consumption. However, the molecular mechanisms through which these effects are achieved are not fully elucidated. Thus, in the present study in order to investigate these mechanisms, a whole genome expression DNA microarray analysis was carried out in myoblasts treated with polyphenols of coffee and grape pomace at concentrations that improved the redox status. Grape was composed of catechin, epicatechin, cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin, petunidin, myrtillin, kuromanin, oenin, peonidin, quercetin, gallic acid and caftaric acid as LC-MS revealed, with a total polyphenolic content (TPC) of 648 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry matter. Coffee had a TPC of 42.61 mg GAE/g coffee and was composed of 3-chlorogenic acid (16.61 mg/g), 4- and 5-chlorogenic acids (13.62 mg/g), as UHPLC-HRMS revealed. According to the results, grape polyphenols altered mainly the expression of cytoskeleton and differentiation-associated genes, while coffee compounds had a more profound effect, on the expression levels of many metabolic and antioxidant genes possibly through the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like-2 (Nrf2) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Ntasi
- PharmaGnose S.A., Papathanasiou 24, 34100, Chalkida, Euboea, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Grigorios D Amoutzias
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Leandros A Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece.
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23
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Iriondo-DeHond A, Haza AI, Ávalos A, del Castillo MD, Morales P. Validation of coffee silverskin extract as a food ingredient by the analysis of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Food Res Int 2017; 100:791-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. It has primarily consumed due to its stimulant effect and unique taste since the ancient times. Afterwards, its consumption has been historically associated with a lower risk of some diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular disease and some type of cancer and thus it has also consumed due to health benefits. It contains many bioactive compounds such as caffeine, chlorogenic acids and diterpenoid alcohols which have so far been associated with many potential health benefits. For example, caffeine reduces risk of developing neurodegenerative disease and chlorogenic acids (CGA) and diterpene alcohols have many health benefits such as antioxidant and chemo-preventive. Coffee also have harmful effects. For example, diterpenoid alcohols increases serum homocysteine and cholesterol levels and thus it has adverse effects on cardiovascular system. Overall, the study that supports the health benefits of coffee is increasing. But, it is thought-provoking that the association with health benefits of coffee consumption and frequency at different levels in each study. For this reason, we aimed to examine the health effect of the coffee and how much consumption is to investigate whether it meets the claimed health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Başar Gökcen
- a Gazi University , Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nevin Şanlier
- b Biruni University , Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department , İstanbul , Turkey
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25
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Jung S, Kim MH, Park JH, Jeong Y, Ko KS. Cellular Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Coffee Extracts with Different Roasting Levels. J Med Food 2017; 20:626-635. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soohan Jung
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hyung Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Korea
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Ko
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Tajik N, Tajik M, Mack I, Enck P. The potential effects of chlorogenic acid, the main phenolic components in coffee, on health: a comprehensive review of the literature. Eur J Nutr 2017; 56:2215-2244. [PMID: 28391515 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), an important biologically active dietary polyphenol, is produced by certain plant species and is a major component of coffee. Reduction in the risk of a variety of diseases following CGA consumption has been mentioned in recent basic and clinical research studies. This systematic review discusses in vivo animal and human studies of the physiological and biochemical effects of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) on biomarkers of chronic disease. We searched PubMed, Embase, Amed and Scopus using the following search terms: ("chlorogenic acid" OR "green coffee bean extract") AND (human OR animal) (last performed on April 1st, 2015) for relevant literature on the in vivo effects of CGAs in animal and human models, including clinical trials on cardiovascular, metabolic, cancerogenic, neurological and other functions. After exclusion of editorials and letters, uncontrolled observations, duplicate and not relevant publications the remaining 94 studies have been reviewed. The biological properties of CGA in addition to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects have recently been reported. It is postulated that CGA is able to exert pivotal roles on glucose and lipid metabolism regulation and on the related disorders, e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), obesity, cancer, and hepatic steatosis. The wide range of potential health benefits of CGA, including its anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity impacts, may provide a non-pharmacological and non-invasive approach for treatment or prevention of some chronic diseases. In this study, the effects of CGAs on different aspects of health by reviewing the related literatures have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Tajik
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Frondsbergstr 23, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mahboubeh Tajik
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, International Branch of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Frondsbergstr 23, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paul Enck
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Frondsbergstr 23, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
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27
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Chlorogenic acid induces reactive oxygen species generation and inhibits the viability of human colon cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:59-65. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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28
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Fractionation, enzyme inhibitory and cellular antioxidant activity of bioactives from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Food Chem 2016; 221:447-456. [PMID: 27979226 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is mainly cultivated in Asia. The deep purple color of purple sweet potato (PSP) is due to the high content of acylated anthocyanins. In the present study, PSP-derived polyphenols were identified using HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ESI-MSn analyses. After concentration of the polyphenols from PSP, preparative separation into two fractions, designated anthocyanins (AF) and copigments (CF), was carried out using adsorptive membrane chromatography. In enzyme inhibitory assays, all PSP samples inhibited the enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase. Additionally, the cell signaling cellular antioxidant properties of the PSP extracts were investigated in cultured cells. PSP induced the transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression of genes encoding heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Furthermore, PSP enhanced cellular glutathione concentrations and decreased lipid peroxidation in cultured hepatocytes. Overall, these results suggest that PSP extracts exhibit enzyme inhibitory and cellular antioxidant properties, especially PSP CF.
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29
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Muqaku B, Tahir A, Klepeisz P, Bileck A, Kreutz D, Mayer RL, Meier SM, Gerner M, Schmetterer K, Gerner C. Coffee consumption modulates inflammatory processes in an individual fashion. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2529-2541. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Besnik Muqaku
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Ammar Tahir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Philip Klepeisz
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Dominique Kreutz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Rupert L. Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Samuel M. Meier
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
| | - Marlene Gerner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Klaus Schmetterer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Vienna, Vienna; Austria
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30
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Ran HQ, Wang JZ, Sun CQ. Coffee Consumption and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Update Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Pak J Med Sci 2016; 32:253-9. [PMID: 27022386 PMCID: PMC4794517 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.321.8761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The results of epidemiologic studies on the relationship between the coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer risk were inconsistent. Thus, we performed an update meta-analysis of cohort studies to quantitatively summarize the association between coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS We searched CBM (China Biology Medicine disc) and MEDLINE for studies of coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer risk up to June 2015. A total of 20 cohort studies were identified in this meta-analysis, and we analyzed these studies using random effects model. The dose-response analysis was conducted too. RESULTS The overall relative risk (RR) for highest coffee consumption versus lowest coffee consumption was 0.75 (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.63-0.86). Statistic significant heterogeneity was found among these studies (I (2) =37.8%, P for heterogeneity =0.045). The pooled RR for increment of 1 cup/day of coffee consumption was 0.99 (95%CI, 0.96-1.03) for the nine studies, without statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS High coffee consumption is associated with a reduced pancreatic cancer risk. However, the result should be accepted with caution, due to the potential confounder and bias could not be excluded. Further well designed studies are needed to confirm the finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Quan Ran
- Dr. Heng-Quan Ran, MD, Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun-Zhou Wang
- Dr. Jun-Zhou Wang, MD, Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chang-Qin Sun
- Dr. Chang-Qin Sun, MD, Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, China
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31
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Shen Y, Zhang H, Cheng L, Wang L, Qian H, Qi X. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of polyphenols extracted from black highland barley. Food Chem 2016; 194:1003-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Gray NE, Sampath H, Zweig JA, Quinn JF, Soumyanath A. Centella asiatica Attenuates Amyloid-β-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 45:933-46. [PMID: 25633675 DOI: 10.3233/jad-142217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that a water extract of the medicinal plant Centella asiatica (CAW) attenuates amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced cognitive deficits in vivo, and prevents Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Yet the neuroprotective mechanism of CAW is unknown. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to identify biochemical pathways altered by CAW using in vitro models of Aβ toxicity. METHODS The effects of CAW on aberrations in antioxidant response, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial function induced by Aβ were evaluated in MC65 and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. RESULTS CAW decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium levels elevated in response to Aβ, and induced the expression of antioxidant response genes in both cell lines. In SH-SY5Y cells, CAW increased basal and maximal oxygen consumption without altering spare capacity, and attenuated Aβ-induced decreases in mitochondrial respiration. CAW also prevented Aβ-induced decreases in ATP and induced the expression of mitochondrial genes and proteins in both cell types. Caffeoylquinic acids from CAW were shown to have a similar effect on antioxidant and mitochondrial gene expression in neuroblastoma cells. Primary rat hippocampal neurons treated with CAW also showed an increase in mitochondrial and antioxidant gene expression. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest an effect of CAW on mitochondrial biogenesis, which in conjunction with activation of antioxidant response genes and normalizing calcium homeostasis, likely contributes to its neuroprotective action against Aβ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora E Gray
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Harini Sampath
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Science, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jonathan A Zweig
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Care Center (PADRECC), Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amala Soumyanath
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Bakuradze T, Lang R, Hofmann T, Schipp D, Galan J, Eisenbrand G, Richling E. Coffee consumption rapidly reduces background DNA strand breaks in healthy humans: Results of a short-term repeated uptake intervention study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:682-6. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Bakuradze
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology; Molecular Nutrition; University of Kaiserslautern; Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Roman Lang
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science; Technische Universität München; Freising Bavaria Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science; Technische Universität München; Freising Bavaria Germany
| | | | | | - Gerhard Eisenbrand
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology; Molecular Nutrition; University of Kaiserslautern; Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology; Molecular Nutrition; University of Kaiserslautern; Kaiserslautern Germany
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Nikitina D, Chen Z, Vallis K, Poll A, Ainsworth P, Narod SA, Kotsopoulos J. Relationship between Caffeine and Levels of DNA Repair and Oxidative Stress in Women with and without a BRCA1 Mutation. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2015; 8:174-84. [PMID: 26670362 DOI: 10.1159/000439110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee consumption has been associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk among women with a BRCA1 mutation. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether major contributors of caffeine intake are associated with a reduction in DNA damage and/or oxidative stress in women with and without a BRCA1 mutation. METHODS Coffee, tea, soda and total caffeine consumption was collected by a dietary history questionnaire, and DNA repair capacity in lymphocytes was assessed by the comet assay (tail moments), micronucleus test (per 1,000 binucleated cells) and analysis of γ-H2AX staining (nuclear foci). The thiobarbituric acid-malondialdehyde and DTNB assays were used to estimate serum lipid peroxidation (µmol/l) and protein oxidation (µmol/l), respectively. RESULTS Among all women, high levels of caffeine and caffeinated coffee intake were associated with significantly lower levels of micronuclei (138.50 vs. 97.67, p = 0.04, and 138.12 vs. 97.70, p = 0.04). There was no significant relationship between caffeine, coffee, tea and soda intake and the other markers of DNA repair capacity and oxidative stress among all women and in analyses stratified by BRCA1 mutation status. CONCLUSION The chemopreventive effects of coffee and/or caffeine may be associated with improved capacity to efficiently repair DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Nikitina
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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35
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Coffee provides a natural multitarget pharmacopeia against the hallmarks of cancer. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:51. [PMID: 26577824 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coffee is the second most popular beverage in the world after water with a consumption of approximately two billion cups per day. Due to its low cost and ease of preparation, it is consumed in almost all countries and by all social classes of the population through different modes of preparation. Despites its simple appearance, a cup of coffee is in fact a complex mixture that contains hundreds of molecules, the composition and concentration of which vary widely and depend on factors including the origin of the coffee tree or its metabolism. Although an excessive consumption of coffee can be harmful, many molecules that are present in this black decoction exert anticancer properties. This review aims to describe the different primary coffee-containing substances that exert chemopreventive and bioactive activities against the different hallmarks and enabling characteristics of cancer, thus explaining the anticancer health benefit of black coffee.
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Priftis A, Stagos D, Konstantinopoulos K, Tsitsimpikou C, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Tzatzarakis MN, Kouretas D. Comparison of antioxidant activity between green and roasted coffee beans using molecular methods. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7293-302. [PMID: 26458565 PMCID: PMC4626150 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide due to its pleasant taste and aroma. A number of studies have been performed to elucidate the possible beneficial effects of coffee consumption on human health and have shown that coffee exhibits potent antioxidant activity, which may be attributed mainly to its polyphenolic content. However, there is also evidence to suggest that coffee roasting (the procedure which turns green coffee beans to the dark, roasted ones from which the beverage derives) may alter the polyphenolic profile of the beans (e.g., via the Maillard reaction) and, concomitantly, their antioxidant activity. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of 13 coffee varieties was examined in both green and roasted coffee bean extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-eth-ylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) radical scavenging assays. In addition, 5 selected varieties were also examined for their protective effects against peroxyl and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand cleavage. Finally, C2C12 murine myoblasts were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of the most potent extract in order to examine its effects on the cellular redox status by measuring the glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by flow cytometry. Our results revealed that, in 8 out of the 13 coffee varieties, roasting increased free radical scavenging activity as shown by DPPH and ABTS•+ assays. Moreover, we found that when one coffee variety was roasted for different amounts of time, the increase in the antioxidant activity depended on the roasting time. By contrast, in 5 varieties, roasting reduced the antioxidant activity. Similar differences between the roasted and green beans were also observed in the free radical-induced DNA strand cleavage assay. The observed differences in the antioxidant activity between the different coffee varieties may be attributed to their varying polyphenolic content and composition, as well as to the different molecules produced during roasting. In addition, in the cell culture assay, the tested coffee extract led to increased GSH levels in a dose-dependent manner, indicating the enhancement of cellular antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | | | - Christina Tsitsimpikou
- Department of Dangerous Substances, Mixtures and Articles, Directorate of Environment, General Chemical State Laboratory of Greece, Athens 11521, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Manolis N Tzatzarakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
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Liang N, Kitts DD. Antioxidant property of coffee components: assessment of methods that define mechanisms of action. Molecules 2014; 19:19180-208. [PMID: 25415479 PMCID: PMC6270823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a rich source of dietary antioxidants, and this property, coupled with the fact that coffee is one of the world's most popular beverages, has led to the understanding that coffee is a major contributor to dietary antioxidant intake. Brewed coffee is a complex food matrix with numerous phytochemical components that have antioxidant activity capable of scavenging free radicals, donating hydrogen and electrons, providing reducing activity and also acting as metal ion pro-oxidant chelators. More recent studies have shown that coffee components can trigger tissue antioxidant gene expression and protect against gastrointestinal oxidative stress. This paper will describe different in vitro, cell-free and cell-based assays that both characterize and compare the antioxidant capacity and mechanism of action of coffee and its bioactive constituents. Moreover, evidence of cellular antioxidant activity and correlated specific genomic events induced by coffee components, which are relevant to antioxidant function in both animal and human studies, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjian Liang
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, the University of British Columbia 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T-1Z4, Canada.
| | - David D Kitts
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, the University of British Columbia 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T-1Z4, Canada.
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Kempf K, Kolb H, Gärtner B, Bytof G, Stiebitz H, Lantz I, Lang R, Hofmann T, Martin S. Cardiometabolic effects of two coffee blends differing in content for major constituents in overweight adults: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:845-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Winkler S, Dieminger N, Blust V, Riedel A, Bakuradze T, Montoya G, Hassmann U, Lang R, Hofmann T, Somoza V, Richling E, Bytof G, Stiebitz H, Lantz I, Schipp D, Raedle J, Marko D. Modulation of inflammatory gene transcription after long-term coffee consumption. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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A 4-week consumption of medium roast and dark roast coffees affects parameters of energy status in healthy subjects. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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Anthocyanins from fruit juices improve the antioxidant status of healthy young female volunteers without affecting anti-inflammatory parameters: results from the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over ANTHONIA (ANTHOcyanins in Nutrition Investigation Alliance) study. Br J Nutr 2014; 112:925-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514001482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACN) can exert beneficial health effects not only through their antioxidative potential but also through modulation of inflammatory parameters that play a major role in CVD. A randomised cross-over study was carried out to investigate the effects of ACN-rich beverage ingestion on oxidation- and inflammation-related parameters in thirty healthy female volunteers. The participants consumed 330 ml of beverages (placebo, juice and smoothie with 8·9 (sd 0·3), 983·7 (sd 37) and 840·9 (sd 10) mg/l ACN, respectively) over 14 d. Before and after each intervention, blood and 24 h urine samples were collected. Plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities increased significantly after ACN-rich beverage ingestion (P< 0·001), whereas after placebo juice ingestion no increase could be observed. Plasma glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte SOD activities were not affected. An increase in Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity could also be observed after juice (P< 0·001) and smoothie (P< 0·01) ingestion. The plasma and urinary concentrations of malondialdehyde decreased after ACN-rich beverage ingestion (P< 0·001), whereas those of 8-OH-2-deoxyguanosine as well as inflammation-related parameters (IL-2, -6, -8 and -10, C-reactive peptide, soluble cluster of differentiation 40 ligand, TNF-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and soluble cell adhesion molecules) were not affected. Thus, ingestion of ACN-rich beverages improves antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma antioxidant capacity, thus protecting the body against oxidative stress, a hallmark of ongoing atherosclerosis.
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Bakuradze T, Lang R, Hofmann T, Eisenbrand G, Schipp D, Galan J, Richling E. Consumption of a dark roast coffee decreases the level of spontaneous DNA strand breaks: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:149-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Vicente SJV, Ishimoto EY, Torres EAFS. Coffee modulates transcription factor Nrf2 and highly increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:116-122. [PMID: 24328189 DOI: 10.1021/jf401777m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of a 28 day administration of coffee brew on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rats. After this period of 2.0 mL/day dosages of this beverage, the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase increased 74.8, 59.4, and 135.2%, respectively, whereas the cytosolic level of Nrf2 increased 131.3%. At the same time, the total antioxidant capacity of the hepatic tissue increased 25.1%, improving the defensive status against oxidative stress. At the end of the experiment, the levels of biomarkers alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase remained equal to the control group, and no changes were observed in the hepatic histoarchiteture of the animals, suggesting that the liver tissue was not impaired by the exposure to coffee. The changes in enzyme activities and antioxidant capacity were statistically significant (p < 0.05), indicating that coffee could be considered an important alternative against oxidative stress and its correlated degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio J V Vicente
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University , Santos, SP, Brazil
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Bøhn SK, Blomhoff R, Paur I. Coffee and cancer risk, epidemiological evidence, and molecular mechanisms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:915-30. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo; Norway
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo; Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine; Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Norway
| | - Ingvild Paur
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo; Norway
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Lang R, Fromme T, Beusch A, Wahl A, Klingenspor M, Hofmann T. 2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-carboxyatractyligenin from Coffea L. inhibits adenine nucleotide translocase in isolated mitochondria but is quantitatively degraded during coffee roasting. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 93:124-135. [PMID: 23642386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Atractyloside (1) and carboxyatractyloside (2) are well-known inhibitors of the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) in mitochondria, thus effectively blocking oxidative phosphorylation. Structurally related derivatives atractyligenin (3), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-atractyligenin (4), 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2'-O-isovaleryl-2β-(2-desoxy-atractyligenin)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), and 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-carboxyatractyligenin (6) were isolated from raw beans of Coffea L. and the impact of 1-6 on ANT activity was evaluated in isolated mitochondria. Among the coffee components, 6 significantly inhibited ANT activity leading to reduced respiration. Quantitative analysis in commercial coffees, experimental roastings of coffee, and model experiments using purified compound 6 consistently revealed a complete degradation during thermal treatment. In comparison, raw coffee extracts were found to contain high levels of 6, which are therefore expected to be present in food products enriched with raw coffee extracts. This implies the necessity of analytically controlling the levels of 6 in raw coffee extracts when used as additives for food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Lang
- Chair of Food Science and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Str. 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
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