1
|
Fragaria × ananassa cv. Senga Sengana Leaf: An Agricultural Waste with Antiglycation Potential and High Content of Ellagitannins, Flavonols, and 2-Pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic Acid. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165293. [PMID: 36014531 PMCID: PMC9415522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Strawberry leaves are considered a valuable waste material; so far, mainly due to their antioxidant properties. Since the annual production of this crop is high, our study aimed to thoroughly examine the chemical composition and antidiabetes-related bioactivity of Fragaria × ananassa leaf of its popular and productive cultivar Senga Sengana. Leaves from three different seasons, collected after fruiting, were extensively analyzed (UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD). Some individual components were isolated and quantified, including specific flavonol diglycosides (e.g., 3-O-[β-xylosyl(1‴→2″)]-β-glucuronosides). The separated quercetin glycosides were tested in an antiglycation assay, and their methylglyoxal uptake capacity was measured. In addition, the biodegradable polyester precursor 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) was confirmed at relatively high levels, providing further opportunity for strawberry leaf utilization. We want to bring to the attention of the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries the Senga Sengana strawberry leaf as a new botanical raw material. It is rich in PDC, ellagitannins, and flavonols—potent glycation inhibitors.
Collapse
|
2
|
Urbonaviciene D, Bobinaite R, Viskelis P, Bobinas C, Petruskevicius A, Klavins L, Viskelis J. Geographic Variability of Biologically Active Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Physico-Chemical Properties in Wild Bilberries ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030588. [PMID: 35326238 PMCID: PMC8945452 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the variation in biologically active compounds, antioxidant activity and physico-chemical properties in naturally grown bilberries gathered from different sites in Northern Europe. The variability in the biologically active compounds, antioxidant capacity and physico-chemical properties, as well as the development of tools for the authenticity and quality control of wild bilberries (V. myrtillus L.) in different geographical locations was evaluated. The berries of bilberries were handpicked during the summers of 2019 and 2020 during the time periods when they are typically harvested for commercial purposes in Northern Europe (Norway (NOR), Finland (FIN), Latvia (LVA) and Lithuania (LTU)). Berries from locations in NOR were distinguished by their higher mean TPC (791 mg/100 g FW, average), whereas the mean TPC of samples from the most southern country, LTU, was the lowest (587 mg/100 g FW). The TPC of bilberries ranged from 452 to 902 mg/100 g FW. The TAC values of investigated bilberry samples varied from 233 to 476 mg/100 g FW. A high positive correlation was found between TPC and antioxidant activity of the bilberry samples (R = 0.88 and 0.91 (FRAP and ABTS assays, respectively)), whereas the correlation between TAC and antioxidant activity was lower (R = 0.65 and 0.60). There were variations in the TPC and TAC values of investigated berries, suggesting that genotype also affects the TPC and TAC in berries. In 2020, the pH values and TSS contents of berries were significantly lower than in 2019. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive reported evaluation of the biologically active compounds in wild bilberries from different Northern European countries using one laboratory-validated method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-683-08157
| | - Ramune Bobinaite
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Ceslovas Bobinas
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Aistis Petruskevicius
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Linards Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, 1004 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grellet-Bournonville CF, Di Peto PDLÁ, Cerviño Dowling AM, Castagnaro AP, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Díaz Ricci JC, Mamaní AI, Filippone MP. Seasonal Variation of Plant Defense Inductor Ellagitannins in Strawberry Leaves under Field Conditions for Phytosanitary Technological Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12424-12432. [PMID: 34649430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many natural compounds can activate the plant immunity, and for this reason, they have attracted special interest in crop disease management. Previously, we isolated from strawberry leaves an ellagitannin (HeT), which elicits plant defense responses. In this research, we investigated bioactive compounds from field-collected strawberry leaves capable of inducing defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana against a bacterial pathogen. Methanolic extracts of strawberry leaves sampled at different months were obtained and compared. The highest content of total soluble phenolic compounds was found in the methanolic extracts of leaves sampled in December (DME). The defense response induced in A. thaliana by DME was attributed to two ellagitannins, the HeT and galloyl-HHDP-glucose. Both compounds exhibited phytoprotective effects against Pseudomonas viridiflava and induced the expression of PDF1.2 and PR1 genes. These results provide an economic value to strawberry leaves, normally discarded at the end of the harvest stage of the crop, as a raw material for plant health enhancer bioinputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Grellet-Bournonville
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Las Talitas, Tucumán T4101, Argentina
| | - Pía de Los Ángeles Di Peto
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Las Talitas, Tucumán T4101, Argentina
| | - Ana M Cerviño Dowling
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Las Talitas, Tucumán T4101, Argentina
| | - Atilio P Castagnaro
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Las Talitas, Tucumán T4101, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Juan C Díaz Ricci
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT) and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000, Argentina
| | - Alicia I Mamaní
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000, Argentina
| | - María P Filippone
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Las Talitas, Tucumán T4101, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan Z, Hasing T, Johnson TS, Garner DM, Schwieterman ML, Barbey CR, Colquhoun TA, Sims CA, Resende MFR, Whitaker VM. Strawberry sweetness and consumer preference are enhanced by specific volatile compounds. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:66. [PMID: 33790262 PMCID: PMC8012349 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Breeding crops for improved flavor is challenging due to the high cost of sensory evaluation and the difficulty of connecting sensory experience to chemical composition. The main goal of this study was to identify the chemical drivers of sweetness and consumer liking for fresh strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa). Fruit of 148 strawberry samples from cultivars and breeding selections were grown and harvested over seven years and were subjected to both sensory and chemical analyses. Each panel consisted of at least 100 consumers, resulting in more than 15,000 sensory data points per descriptor. Three sugars, two acids and 113 volatile compounds were quantified. Consumer liking was highly associated with sweetness intensity, texture liking, and flavor intensity, but not sourness intensity. Partial least square analyses revealed 20 volatile compounds that increased sweetness perception independently of sugars; 18 volatiles that increased liking independently of sugars; and 15 volatile compounds that had positive effects on both. Machine learning-based predictive models including sugars, acids, and volatiles explained at least 25% more variation in sweetness and liking than models accounting for sugars and acids only. Volatile compounds such as γ-dodecalactone; 5-hepten-2-one, 6-methyl; and multiple medium-chain fatty acid esters may serve as targets for breeding or quality control attributes for strawberry products. A genetic association study identified two loci controlling ester production, both on linkage group 6 A. Co-segregating makers in these regions can be used for increasing multiple esters simultaneously. This study demonstrates a paradigm for improvement of fruit sweetness and flavor in which consumers drive the identification of the most important chemical targets, which in turn drives the discovery of genetic targets for marker-assisted breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fan
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | | | - Timothy S Johnson
- Department of Environmental Horticulture and Plant Innovation Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Drake M Garner
- Department of Environmental Horticulture and Plant Innovation Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Christopher R Barbey
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | - Thomas A Colquhoun
- Department of Environmental Horticulture and Plant Innovation Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Charles A Sims
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcio F R Resende
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Vance M Whitaker
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kyriacou MC, Antoniou C, Rouphael Y, Graziani G, Kyratzis A. Mapping the Primary and Secondary Metabolomes of Carob ( Ceratonia siliqua L.) Fruit and Its Postharvest Antioxidant Potential at Critical Stages of Ripening. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:57. [PMID: 33466561 PMCID: PMC7824902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Six critical stages corresponding to major morphophysiological events in carob fruit ripening were defined, and changes in the primary and secondary metabolome and in vitro antioxidant capacity were examined in two genotypes collected at low (15 m) and high (510 m) altitudes from genetically identified and georeferenced trees. Soluble carbohydrates were analyzed by HPLC-RI, macro-minerals by ion chromatography coupled to conductivity detection and polyphenols by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS. spectroscopy facilitated assays for condensed tannins and in vitro free-radical scavenging capacity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The fruit respiration rate and moisture content declined sharply during the transition from the breaker to green pedicel stage. Sugar accumulation spiked at the onset of fruit coloration and culminated at 498.7 ± 8.4 mg g-1 dry weight (dw) in the late ripe stage, while the ratio of reducing sugars to sucrose decreased from 3.45 ± 0.32 to 0.41 ± 0.02. The total phenolic compounds and condensed tannins declined with ripening, particularly during the transition from the breaker to green pedicel stage. Eighteen polyphenols were identified and quantitated, with catechins and hydrolyzable tannins being dominant until the onset of fruit coloration. The transition to the green pedicel stage signaled a precipitous decline (90.9%) in catechins, hydrolyzable tannins (60.2%) and flavonol glycosides (52.1%) concomitant to the rise in gallic acid, which was putatively fueled by the enzymatic hydrolysis of gallotannins in immature fruit. Catechins, hydrolyzable tannins and flavone glycosides were more abundant at higher altitudes and gallic acid at lower altitudes. An antioxidant capacity was also favored by higher elevations and declined with ripening, particularly after the breaker stage. Correlations with FRAP and DPPH assays were significant for the total phenolic content, condensed tannins, catechins and hydrolyzable tannins. The highest correlation factors were obtained for epigallocatechin-gallate (r = 0.920 and r = 0.900; p < 0.01). Although the sharp drop in hydrolyzable and nonhydrolyzable tannins and catechins compromised the in vitro antioxidant capacity at physiological maturity, it also reduced the astringency and configured a palatable organoleptic fruit profile. These changes unraveled significant episodes in the ripening-related secondary metabolism of the carob fruit. They further highlighted the value of immature carob as a potent source of gallotannins, with putative in vivo anti-inflammatory action, and of catechins beneficial in preventing and protecting against diseases caused by oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marios C. Kyriacou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Chrystalla Antoniou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angelos Kyratzis
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.A.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McDougall GJ, Foito A, Dobson G, Austin C, Sungurtas J, Su S, Wang L, Feng C, Li S, Wang L, Wei W, Allwood JW, Stewart D. Glutathionyl-S-chlorogenic acid is present in fruit of Vaccinium species, potato tubers and apple juice. Food Chem 2020; 330:127227. [PMID: 32521402 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A hydroxycinnamate-like component was identified in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit, which had identical UV and mass spectrometric properties to an S-linked glutathionyl conjugate of chlorogenic acid synthesized using a peroxidase-catalyzed reaction. The conjugate was present in fruits from all highbush blueberry genotypes grown in one season, reaching 7-20% of the relative abundance of 5-caffeoylquininc acid. It was enriched, along with anthocyanins, by fractionation on solid phase cation-exchange units. Mining of pre-existing LC-MS data confirmed that this conjugate was ubiquitous in highbush blueberries, but also present in other Vaccinium species. Similar data mining identified this conjugate in potato tubers with enrichment in peel tissues. In addition, the conjugate was also present in commercial apple juice and was stable to pasteurization and storage. Although glutathionyl conjugates of hydroxycinnamic acids have been noted previously, this is the first report of glutathionyl conjugates of chlorogenic acids in commonly-eaten fruits and vegetables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon J McDougall
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexandre Foito
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Dobson
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Austin
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Sungurtas
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Shang Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengyong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - J William Allwood
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom; School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy, Engineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Callahan AM, Dardick CD, Scorza R. Multilocation comparison of fruit composition for 'HoneySweet', an RNAi based plum pox virus resistant plum. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213993. [PMID: 30901368 PMCID: PMC6430400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
'HoneySweet', a transgenic plum (Prunus domestica) resistant to plum pox virus through RNAi, was deregulated in the U.S. in 2011. The compositional study of 'HoneySweet' fruit was expanded to include locations outside of the US as well as utilizing a wide variety of comparators and different collection years to see the variability possible. The results revealed that plums have a wide variation in composition and that variation among locations was greater than variation among cultivars. This was also the case for different years at one location. The results supported the supposition that the transgene and insertion event had no significant effect on the composition of 'HoneySweet' fruit even under virus pressure, and that it fell in the normal range of composition of commercially grown plums. It also suggested that the effect of environment is as great as that of genetics on the fruit composition of plums.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann M. Callahan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Chris D. Dardick
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ralph Scorza
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Developmental Variation in Fruit Polyphenol Content and Related Gene Expression of a Red-Fruited versus a White-Fruited Fragaria vesca Genotype. HORTICULTURAE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae4040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two cultivars of F. vesca, red-fruited Baron Solemacher (BS) and white-fruited Pineapple Crush (PC), were studied to compare and contrast the quantitative accumulation of major polyphenols and related biosynthetic pathway gene expression patterns during fruit development and ripening. Developing PC fruit showed higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids in green stages and a greater accumulation of ellagitannins in ripe fruit in comparison to BS. In addition to anthocyanin, red BS fruit had greater levels of flavan-3-ols when ripe than PC. Expression patterns of key structural genes and transcription factors of the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, an abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene, and a putative ABA receptor gene that may regulate the pathway, were also analyzed during fruit development and ripening to determine which genes exhibited differences in expression and when such differences were first evident. Expression of all pathway genes differed between the red BS and white PC at one or more times during development, most notably at ripening when phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone-3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and UDP:flavonoid-O-glucosyltransferase 1 (UFGT1) were significantly upregulated in the red BS fruit. The transcription factors MYB1 and MYB10 did not differ substantially between red and white fruit except at ripening, when both the putative repressor MYB1 and promoter MYB10 were upregulated in red BS but not white PC fruit. The expression of ABA-related gene 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (NCED1) was higher in red BS fruit but only in the early green stages of development. Thus, a multigenic effect at several points in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway due to lack of MYB10 upregulation may have resulted in white PC fruit.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nowicka A, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Fecka I. Comparison of polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of strawberry fruit from 90 cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa Duch. Food Chem 2018; 270:32-46. [PMID: 30174053 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Strawberry fruit is a valuable resource, rich in vitamins and polyphenolic compounds. These compounds have a broad spectrum of biological activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative composition of polyphenols in strawberry fruit from 90 cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa Duch. from two growing seasons. Eighty of them were analyzed for the first time (to the best of our knowledge). The identification of polyphenolics and other compounds was performed using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS. Nine compounds were recorded for the first time in mature strawberry fruit. Antioxidant properties were also determined using DPPH and ABTS methods. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using principal component analysis. Tannins, especially ellagitannins with agrimoniin, as well as the total polyphenols, had the greatest influence on antioxidant activity in the ABTS test. Cultivars characterized by a high content of tannins and high antioxidant capacity were selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nowicka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska St. 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant, Chełmońskiego St. 37/41, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Sokół-Łętowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant, Chełmońskiego St. 37/41, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Fecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska St. 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Roy S, Wu B, Liu W, Archbold DD. Comparative analyses of polyphenolic composition of Fragaria spp. color mutants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:255-261. [PMID: 29477905 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
White-fruited mutants of Fragaria vesca, and one of F. x ananassa, were studied to determine the identity and quantity of major flavonols (FVLs), flavan-3-ols (FV3Ls), hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), and ellagic acid (EA)-derived compounds, by using HPLC-MS. The content of 22 compounds across the major groups were used to assess the possibility of unique mutations among the mutant gentoypes. Total HCAs were lower in the white than the red cultivars of both species, except for 2 white F. vesca cultivars. Total FVLs were comparable in white fruit of both species, although a red F. x ananassa had more than a red F. vesca. Total FV3Ls were higher in red than white cultivars of both species. Total EA-derived content was generally higher in white than in red F. vesca. Principal component analysis and a combined heatmap and hierarchical cluster analysis clearly discriminated among the five white F. vesca genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Roy
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
| | - Benhong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Douglas D Archbold
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Palmieri L, Masuero D, Martinatti P, Baratto G, Martens S, Vrhovsek U. Genotype-by-environment effect on bioactive compounds in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:4180-4189. [PMID: 28239870 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of the relative contribution of genotype, environment and the genotype-by-environmental (G × E) interaction to the performance of varieties is necessary when determining adaptation capacity. RESULTS The influence of temperature, ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation and sunshine duration on the quality and the composition of fruits was investigated in nine strawberry cultivars grown at three different altitudes. The UV-radiation intensity affected both pH and sugar content, which were higher for most of the varieties at low altitudes, whereas total titratable acidity was less. Fruits from plants grown at low elevation generally had a higher benzoic acid derivative content. A significant correlation was found between phenylpropanoid content and UV-radiation and sunshine duration. The flavone class appeared to be affected most by the variety effect, in contrast to flavonols and ellagitannins, which were highly affected by the environment. The accumulation of a number of secondary metabolites in strawberry fruits grown in an unusual environmental condition highlighted the acclimation effects in terms of the response of plants to abiotic stress. Finally, the genetic factor only appears to be more influential for the varieties 'Sveva' and 'Marmolada' with respect to all of the parameters considered. CONCLUSION A 'plant environmental metabolomics' approach has been used successfully to assess the phenotypic plasticity of varieties that showed different magnitudes with respect to the relationship between environmental conditions and the accumulation of healthy compounds. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Palmieri
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Domenico Masuero
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Paolo Martinatti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Baratto
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Stefan Martens
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu G, Bornman JF, Bennett SJ, Clarke MW, Fang Z, Johnson SK. Individual polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant activity in sorghum grains are influenced by very low and high solar UV radiation and genotype. J Cereal Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Strawberry tannins inhibit IL-8 secretion in a cell model of gastric inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:703-712. [PMID: 27473819 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we chemically profiled tannin-enriched extracts from strawberries and tested their biological properties in a cell model of gastric inflammation. The chemical and biological features of strawberry tannins after in vitro simulated gastric digestion were investigated as well. The anti-inflammatory activities of pure strawberry tannins were assayed to get mechanistic insights. Tannin-enriched extracts from strawberries inhibit IL-8 secretion in TNFα-treated human gastric epithelial cells by dampening the NF-κB signaling. In vitro simulated gastric digestion slightly affected the chemical composition and the biological properties of strawberry tannins. By using pure compounds, we found that casuarictin may act as a pure NF-κB inhibitor while agrimoniin inhibits IL-8 secretion also acting on other biological targets; in our system procyanidin B1 prevents the TNFα-induced effects without interfering with the NF-κB pathway. We conclude that strawberry tannins, even after in vitro simulated gastric digestion, exert anti-inflammatory activities at nutritionally relevant concentrations.
Collapse
|
14
|
Integrated mass spectrometric and multivariate data analysis approaches for the discrimination of organic and conventional strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) crops. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
15
|
Sánchez-Vioque R, Izquierdo-Melero ME, Polissiou M, Astraka K, Tarantilis PA, Herraiz-Peñalver D, Martín-Bejerano M, Santana-Méridas O. Comparative chemistry and biological properties of the solid residues from hydrodistillation of Spanish populations of Rosmarinus officinalis L. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2015. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1060142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
16
|
Kårlund A, Hanhineva K, Lehtonen M, Karjalainen RO, Sandell M. Nontargeted metabolite profiles and sensory properties of strawberry cultivars grown both organically and conventionally. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1010-9. [PMID: 25569122 DOI: 10.1021/jf505183j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) contains many secondary metabolites potentially beneficial for human health, and several of these compounds contribute to strawberry sensory properties, as well. In this study, three strawberry cultivars grown both conventionally and organically were subjected to nontargeted metabolite profiling analysis with LC-qTOF-ESI-MS and to descriptive sensory evaluation by a trained panel. Combined metabolome and sensory data (PLS model) revealed that 79% variation in the metabolome explained 88% variation in the sensory profiles. Flavonoids and condensed and hydrolyzable tannins determined the orosensory properties, and fatty acids contributed to the odor attributes of strawberry. Overall, the results indicated that the chemical composition and sensory quality of strawberries grown in different cultivation systems vary mostly according to cultivar. Organic farming practices may enhance the accumulation of some plant metabolites in specific strawberry genotypes. Careful cultivar selection is a key factor for the improvement of nutritional quality and marketing value of organic strawberries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kårlund
- Department of Biology, ‡Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, and #School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ahmadiani N, Robbins RJ, Collins TM, Giusti MM. Anthocyanins contents, profiles, and color characteristics of red cabbage extracts from different cultivars and maturity stages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7524-7531. [PMID: 24991694 DOI: 10.1021/jf501991q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is an excellent source of food colorant. This study aimed to evaluate the anthocyanin pigment contents and profiles from seven red cabbage cultivars at two maturity stages (8 weeks apart) and evaluate their color characteristics and behavior under acidic and neutral pH. Anthocyanin concentrations ranged from 1111 to 1780 mg Cy3G/100 g DM and did not increase with time. Cultivar and maturation affected pigment profile. Some varieties accumulated ≥30% of diacylated pigments, and proportions of monoacylated pigments decreased with time. Extracts from selected varieties at first harvesting time produced colors similar (λmax = 520 nm and ΔE = 6.1-8.8) to FD&C Red No. 3 at pH 3.5. At pH 7, extracts from the second harvest with s higher proportion of diacylation produced λmax ≃ 610 nm, similar to FD&C Blue No. 2. Cultivar selection and maturation affected color and stability of red cabbage extracts at different pH values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ahmadiani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University , 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Manganaris GA, Goulas V, Vicente AR, Terry LA. Berry antioxidants: small fruits providing large benefits. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:825-33. [PMID: 24122646 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Small berry fruits are consumed because of their attractive colour and special taste, and are considered one of the richest sources of natural antioxidants. Their consumption has been linked to the prevention of some chronic and degenerative diseases. The term 'berry fruits' encompasses the so-called 'soft fruits', primarily strawberry, currants, gooseberry, blackberry, raspberry, blueberry and cranberry. The objective of this review is to highlight the nutraceutical value of berries and to summarize the factors affecting berry fruit antioxidants. Particular attention is given to postharvest and processing operation factors that may affect fruit phytochemical content. The structure-antioxidant relationships for phenolic compounds - the main group of antioxidants in this fruit group - are presented and major areas for future research are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George A Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gasperotti M, Masuero D, Guella G, Palmieri L, Martinatti P, Pojer E, Mattivi F, Vrhovsek U. Evolution of ellagitannin content and profile during fruit ripening in Fragaria spp. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8597-8607. [PMID: 23992396 DOI: 10.1021/jf402706h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ellagitannins and ellagic acid conjugates are polyphenols present in the human diet, in particular strawberries (Fragaria spp.). The first aim of this study was isolation and structural characterization of casuarictin and 3-O-methyl ellagic acid 3'-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, which were found to be abundant in Fragaria spp., along with agrimoniin. The second aim was accurate profiling and quantification of 26 ellagitannins and ellagic acid conjugates in six Fragaria x ananassa cultivars and two Fragaria vesca species. The third aim was to describe the ellagitannins behavior during fruit ripening from the green stage to over-ripeness. It was shown that there are major qualitative and quantitative differences in the amount and profile of ellagitannins and ellagic acid conjugates between Fragaria spp. Genotype is a major factor in defining ellagitannin concentration and patterns between strawberries, and variable behavior of the genotypes was observed, in the context of a significant drop in ellagitannins during ripening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Gasperotti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|