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Marrero AD, Quesada AR, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ. Anti-Cancer, Anti-Angiogenic, and Anti-Atherogenic Potential of Key Phenolic Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil. Nutrients 2024; 16:1283. [PMID: 38732529 PMCID: PMC11085358 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet, renowned for its health benefits, especially in reducing cardiovascular risks and protecting against diseases like diabetes and cancer, emphasizes virgin olive oil as a key contributor to these advantages. Despite being a minor fraction, the phenolic compounds in olive oil significantly contribute to its bioactive effects. This review examines the bioactive properties of hydroxytyrosol and related molecules, including naturally occurring compounds (-)-oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein, as well as semisynthetic derivatives like hydroxytyrosyl esters and alkyl ethers. (-)-Oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein show promising anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties, which are particularly underexplored in the case of (-)-oleacein. Additionally, hydroxytyrosyl esters exhibit similar effectiveness to hydroxytyrosol, while certain alkyl ethers surpass their precursor's properties. Remarkably, the emerging research field of the effects of phenolic molecules related to virgin olive oil on cell autophagy presents significant opportunities for underscoring the anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties of these molecules. Furthermore, promising clinical data from studies on hydroxytyrosol, (-)-oleacein, and (-)-oleocanthal urge further investigation and support the initiation of clinical trials with semisynthetic hydroxytyrosol derivatives. This review provides valuable insights into the potential applications of olive oil-derived phenolics in preventing and managing diseases associated with cancer, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dácil Marrero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana R. Quesada
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Micheli L, Bertini L, Bonato A, Villanova N, Caruso C, Caruso M, Bernini R, Tirone F. Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein in the Prevention of Aging and Related Disorders: Focus on Neurodegeneration, Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071767. [PMID: 37049607 PMCID: PMC10096778 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Agnese Bonato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizia Caruso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
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Laghezza Masci V, Bernini R, Villanova N, Clemente M, Cicaloni V, Tinti L, Salvini L, Taddei AR, Tiezzi A, Ovidi E. In Vitro Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Hydroxytyrosyl Oleate on SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012348. [PMID: 36293207 PMCID: PMC9604296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of polyphenols derived from extra virgin olive oil and, in particular the biological activity of HTyr, has been studied extensively. However, the use of HTyr as a therapeutic agent for clinical applications is limited by its low bioavailability and rapid excretion in humans. To overcome these limitations, several synthetic strategies have been optimized to prepare lipophenols and new compounds derived from HTyr to increase lipophilicity and bioavailability. One very promising ester is hydroxytyrosyl oleate (HTyr-OL) because the chemical structure of HTyr, which is responsible for several biological activities, is linked to the monounsaturated chain of oleic acid (OA), giving the compound high lipophilicity and thus bioavailability in the cellular environment. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and apoptotic induction activities of HTyr-OL were evaluated against SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, and the effects were compared with those of HTyr and OA. The results showed that the biological activity of HTyr was maintained in HTyr-OL treatments at lower dosages. In addition, the shotgun proteomic approach was used to study HTyr-OL-treated and untreated neuroblastoma cells, revealing that the antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of HTyr-OL were observed in the unique proteins of the two groups of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Laghezza Masci
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Mariangela Clemente
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cicaloni
- Toscana Life Science Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Tinti
- Toscana Life Science Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Salvini
- Toscana Life Science Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Taddei
- High Equipment Centre, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Tiezzi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Elisa Ovidi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Ahmed Wani T, Masoodi FA, Akhter R, Akram T, Gani A, Shabir N. Nanoencapsulation of hydroxytyrosol in chitosan crosslinked with sodium bisulfate tandem ultrasonication: Techno-characterization, release and antiproliferative properties. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 82:105900. [PMID: 34972072 PMCID: PMC8799616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This research includes production of chitosan nanocapsules through ionic gelation with sodium bisulfate for nanoencapsulation of hydroxytyrosol (HT) using ultrasonication in tandem. The resulting nanocapsules encapsulating HT were analyzed for particle size, ζ-potential, packaging characteristics, FESEM, ATR-FTIR, XRD, DSC, in vitro release, antioxidant potential and antiproliferative properties. The nanocapsules (size 119.50-365.21 nm) were spherical to irregular shaped with positive ζ-potential (17.50-18.09 mV). The encapsulation efficiency of 5 mg/g HT (HTS1) and 20 mg/g HT (HTS2) was 77.13% and 56.30%, respectively. The nanocapsules were amorphous in nature with 12.34% to 15.48% crystallinity and crystallite size between 20 nm and 27 nm. Formation of nanocapsules resulted in increasing the glass transition temperature. HTS2 delivered 67.12% HT (HTS1 58.89%) at the end of the simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The nanoencapsulated HT showed higher antioxidant and antiproliferative (against A549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines) properties than the free HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touseef Ahmed Wani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - F A Masoodi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Rehana Akhter
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Towseef Akram
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Shuhama 191202, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Adil Gani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nadeem Shabir
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Shuhama 191202, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Costa M, Losada-Barreiro S, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C. Effects of Surfactant Volume Fraction on the Antioxidant Efficiency and on The Interfacial Concentrations of Octyl and Tetradecyl p-Coumarates in Corn Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196058. [PMID: 34641602 PMCID: PMC8512349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants have been used for decades in the food industry for the preparation of lipid-based emulsified food stuffs. They play two main roles in the emulsification processes: first they decrease the interfacial tension between the oil and water, facilitating droplet deformation and rupture; second, they reduce droplet coalescence by forming steric barriers. However, addition of surfactants to binary oil-water mixtures also brings up the formation of three-dimensional interfacial layers, surrounding each emulsion droplet, that significantly alter chemical reactivity. This is the case, for instance, in the inhibition reaction between antioxidants and the lipid radicals formed in the course of the spontaneous oxidation reaction of unsaturated lipids, which are commonly employed in the preparation of food-grade emulsions. The rate of the inhibition reaction depends on the effective concentrations of antioxidants, which are mostly controlled by the amount of surfactant employed in the preparation of the emulsion. In this work, we analyze the effects of the surfactant Tween 20 on the oxidative stability and on the effective concentrations of two model antioxidants derived from cinnamic acid, determining their interfacial concentrations in the intact emulsions to avoid disrupting the existing equilibria and biasing results. For this purpose, a recently developed methodology was employed, and experimental results were interpreted on the grounds of a pseudophase kinetic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Majumder D, Debnath R, Nath P, Libin Kumar KV, Debnath M, Tribedi P, Maiti D. Bromelain and Olea europaea (L.) leaf extract mediated alleviation of benzo(a)pyrene induced lung cancer through Nrf2 and NFκB pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47306-47326. [PMID: 33893581 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most aggressive as well as deadly form of cancer and most of the lung cancer cases are involved in direct smoking or passive smoking. Oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation regulated by some transcription factors like Nrf2, NF-κB etc. play important roles in lung cancer. Various combinations of therapies are currently attributed to lung cancer treatment. A plethora of evidence supports that the consumption of plant-derived foods can prevent chronic diseases like cancer. Leaves of olive (Olea europaea L.) are rich in phenolic compounds which are having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property. Also, bromelain from pineapple juice and from pineapple stem is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. We took a pragmatic approach to prevent carcinogenesis by supplementing the combination of these two extracts. In this study, we have tried to evaluate the amelioration of various hallmarks associated with benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis upon the combinatorial treatment of ethanolic olive leaf extract (EOLE) and bromelain. We have studied the role of EOLE in amelioration of BaP-induced oxidative stress in the lung. As several reports of anticancer activity of bromelain are available, we have combined EOLE with bromelain to study their protective role against BaP-mediated lung damage. Changes in DNA integrity, LPO level in lung after EOLE-treated animal were examined. Then, we have evaluated the synergistic role of EOLE and bromelain. We have found that EOLE in combination with bromelain was able to increase the translocation of Nrf2 from cytoplasm to nucleus and decrease the translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nucleus. Combination of treatment also reduced the expression of TNFα, IL-6, and some matrix metalloproteinases in lung tissue. Our findings suggest that EOLE and bromelain can synergistically reduce the BaP-induced lung carcinogenesis associated with inflammation and oxidative stress via regulating the expression of various inflammatory markers and also modulating the activity of pulmonary antioxidant armories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Majumder
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Rahul Debnath
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Priyatosh Nath
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar Tripura, 799022, India
| | | | - Mousumi Debnath
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar Tripura, 799022, India.
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León-González AJ, Sáez-Martínez P, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Herrero-Aguayo V, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Gómez-Gómez E, Madrona A, Castaño JP, Espartero JL, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Comparative Cytotoxic Activity of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Semisynthetic Lipophilic Derivatives in Prostate Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091348. [PMID: 34572980 PMCID: PMC8464900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Because of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. León-González
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.-G.); (R.M.L.); Tel.: +34-957213740 (R.M.L.)
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M. Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Andrés Madrona
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.M.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Justo P. Castaño
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - José L. Espartero
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.M.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Manuel D. Gahete
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M. Luque
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (J.M.J.-V.); (V.H.-A.); (A.J.M.-H.); (E.G.-G.); (J.P.C.); (M.D.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.-G.); (R.M.L.); Tel.: +34-957213740 (R.M.L.)
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Jadid MFS, Shademan B, Chavoshi R, Seyyedsani N, Aghaei E, Taheri E, Goleij P, Hajazimian S, Karamad V, Behroozi J, Sabet MN, Isazadeh A, Baradaran B. Enhanced anticancer potency of hydroxytyrosol and curcumin by PLGA-PAA nano-encapsulation on PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1043-1051. [PMID: 33496383 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many chemotherapeutic regimens have been investigated for advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC), but with only minimal improvement in survival and prognosis. Here, we investigated anti-cancer function of free and nano-encapsulated hydroxytyrosol (Hyd) and curcumin (Cur), and its combinations (Hyd-Cur) on PANC-1 cell line. The poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-co-PAA) nano-encapsulated Hyd and Cur were synthesized, and MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxic effects of free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur. Effects of free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur were evaluated on viability, migration, morphological alterations, colony formation, and apoptosis on PANC-1 cells. We observed that free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur significantly increased apoptosis rates as well as significantly decreased viability, migration, and colony formation in PANC-1 cells. According to our results, Hyd-Cur combination and nano-encapsulation therapy exerts more profound apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on PANC-1 cells than free Hyd or Hyd monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reza Chavoshi
- Department of Genetics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Seyyedsani
- Department of Genetics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Aghaei
- Department of Genetics, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Elham Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
| | - Saba Hajazimian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Karamad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Javad Behroozi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Costa M, Losada-Barreiro S, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C. Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Lipid Emulsions: Partitioning Effects and Interfacial Phenomena. Foods 2021; 10:539. [PMID: 33807705 PMCID: PMC8001919 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autoxidation of lipids in complex systems such as emulsions or biological membranes, although known to occur readily and to be associated with important pathological events, is lacking in quantitative data in spite of the huge efforts that have been made in attempting to unravel the complex mechanisms of lipid oxidation and its inhibition by antioxidants. Lipids are present as oil-in-water emulsions in many foods and pharmaceutical formulations, and the prevalent role of the interfacial region is critical to understand the antioxidant behavior and to correctly interpret antioxidant efficiencies. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the chemical fate of antioxidants before they react with peroxyl radicals. Many researchers highlighted the predominant role of interfaces, and although some attempts have been made to understand their role, in most instances, they were essentially qualitative and based on putative hypotheses. It is only recently that quantitative reports have been published. Indeed, knowledge on the effects of relevant experimental variables on the effective concentrations of antioxidants is necessary for a successful design of alternate, effective antioxidative solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain
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10
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Oliverio M, Nardi M, Di Gioia ML, Costanzo P, Bonacci S, Mancuso S, Procopio A. Semi-synthesis as a tool for broadening the health applications of bioactive olive secoiridoids: a critical review. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 38:444-469. [PMID: 33300916 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2005 up to 2020Olive bioactive secoiridoids are recognized as natural antioxidants with multiple beneficial effects on human health. Nevertheless, the study of their biological activity has also disclosed some critical aspects associated with their application. Firstly, only a few of them can be extracted in large amounts from their natural matrix, namely olive leaves, drupes, oil and olive mill wastewater. Secondly, their application as preventive agents and drugs is limited by their low membrane permeability. Thirdly, the study of their biological fate after administration is complicated by the absence of pure analytical standards. Accordingly, efficient synthetic methods to obtain natural and non-natural bioactive phenol derivatives have been developed. Among them, semi-synthetic protocols represent efficient and economical alternatives to total synthesis, combining efficient extraction protocols with efficient catalytic conversions to achieve reasonable amounts of active molecules. The aim of this review is to summarize the semi-synthetic protocols published in the last fifteen years, covering 2005 up to 2020, which can produce natural olive bioactive phenols scarcely available by extractive procedures, and new biophenol derivatives with enhanced biological activity. Moreover, the semi-synthetic protocols to produce olive bioactive phenol derivatives as analytical standards are also discussed. A critical analysis of the advantages offered by semi-synthesis compared to classical extraction methods or total synthesis protocols is also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
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11
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Marrero AD, Castilla L, Espartero JL, Madrona A, R. Quesada A, Medina MÁ, Martínez-Poveda B. A comparative study of the antiangiogenic activity of hydroxytyrosyl alkyl ethers. Food Chem 2020; 333:127476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Mimetics of extra virgin olive oil phenols with anti-cancer stem cell activity. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21057-21075. [PMID: 33168787 PMCID: PMC7695371 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) dihydroxy-phenol oleacein is a natural inhibitor of multiple metabolic and epigenetic enzymes capable of suppressing the functional traits of cancer stem cells (CSC). Here, we used a natural product-inspired drug discovery approach to identify new compounds that phenotypically mimic the anti-CSC activity of oleacein. We coupled 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship-based virtual profiling with phenotypic analysis using 3D tumorsphere formation as a gold standard for assessing the presence of CSC. Among the top 20 computationally-predicted oleacein mimetics, four fulfilled the phenotypic endpoint of specifically suppressing the tumorsphere-initiating capacity of CSC, in the absence of significant cytotoxicity against differentiated cancer cells growing in 2D cultures in the same low micromolar concentration range. Of these, 3,4-dihydrophenetyl butyrate –a lipophilic ester conjugate of the hydroxytyrosol moiety of oleacein– and (E)-N-allyl-2-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide) –an inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi triosephosphate isomerase– were also highly effective at significantly reducing the proportion of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive CSC-like proliferating cells. Preservation of the mTOR/DNMT binding mode of oleacein was dispensable for suppression of the ALDH+-CSC functional phenotype in hydroxytyrosol-unrelated mimetics. The anti-CSC chemistry of complex EVOO phenols such as oleacein can be phenocopied through the use of mimetics capturing its physico-chemical properties.
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13
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Anticancer effects of olive oil polyphenols and their combinations with anticancer drugs. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:461-482. [PMID: 31639094 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer presents one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatment includes the administration of one or more anticancer drugs, commonly known as chemotherapy. The biggest issue concerning the chemotherapeutics is their toxicity on normal cells and persisting side effects. One approach to the issue is chemoprevention and the other one is the discovery of more effective drugs or drug combinations, including combinations with polyphenols. Olive oil polyphenols (OOPs), especially hydroxytyrosol (HTyr), tyrosol (Tyr) and their derivatives oleuropein (Ole), oleacein and oleocanthal (Oc) express anticancer activity on different cancer models. Recent studies report that phenolic extract of virgin olive oil may be more effective than the individual phenolic compounds. Also, there is a growing body of evidence about the combined treatment of OOPs with various anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, tamoxifen, doxorubicin and others. These novel approaches may present an advanced strategy in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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14
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Meireles M, Losada-Barreiro S, Costa M, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C, Monteiro LS. Control of antioxidant efficiency of chlorogenates in emulsions: modulation of antioxidant interfacial concentrations. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:3917-3925. [PMID: 30697750 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling the interfacial concentrations of antioxidants (AOs) in oil-in-water emulsions can be regarded as a unique approach for increasing the efficiency of AOs in inhibiting the oxidation of lipids. Classical methods to determine the AO distribution in binary systems cannot be employed and their distribution needs to be assessed in the intact emulsion. RESULTS We have employed a well-established kinetic method to determine the distribution of a homologous series of AOs derived of chlorogenic acid in olive oil-in-water emulsions and analyse the effects of AO hydrophobicity on their distributions and their efficiencies. Results indicate that variations in the efficiency of chlorogenates in emulsions are due to differences in their interfacial concentrations. Their interfacial concentrations AOI were much higher (20- to 150-fold) than their stoichiometric concentrations. On the other hand, their concentrations in the oil region were 1.5- to 0.1-fold. Results also show the complex effect of the oil-to-water ratio employed in the preparation of the emulsions on the (AOI ) values. CONCLUSION Results highlight the key role of the interfacial region and of its composition (interfacial AO molarity, emulsifier concentration, oil-to-water ratio) in interpreting the efficiency of AOs in inhibiting lipid oxidation in emulsions. Thus, a careful modulation of these parameters is necessary to ensure optimum AO efficiency. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Meireles
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Luís S Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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15
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Fernandez-Pastor I, Martínez-García M, Medina-O'Donnell M, Rivas F, Martinez A, Pérez-Victoria JM, Parra A. Semisynthesis of ω-Hydroxyalkylcarbonate Derivatives of Hydroxytyrosol as Antitrypanosome Agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2075-2082. [PMID: 30160961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lipophilic ω-hydroxyalkylcarbonate hydroxytyrosol derivatives and also their corresponding dimeric derivatives have been synthesized, coupling the primary hydroxy group of this phenolic compound with several terminal diols of different chain lengths, by the use of a carbonate linker. The trypanocidal activity and cytotoxicity of these ω-hydroxyalkylcarbonate derivatives of hydroxytyrosol and known alkylcarbonate derivatives of hydroxytyrosol were assessed. Three of the hydroxytyrosol alkylcarbonate derivatives were active against Trypanosoma brucei: two with an alkyl chain of average size (0.2 and 0.5 μM) and another with a double bond in the alkyl chain (0.4 μM). These values suggest an increase in activity with respect to hydroxytyrosol (264-, 90-, and 116-fold, respectively). Furthermore, these compounds showed high selectivity indices against MRC-5, a nontumor human cell line (62, 71, and 39, respectively). Some other ω-hydroxyalkylcarbonate and alkylcarbonate derivatives of hydroxytyrosol were also active against T. brucei within a low micromolar range (about 1 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernandez-Pastor
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Fuentenueva, s/n , E-18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-García
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "Lopez-Neyra", CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada , Avenida del Conocimiento, 17 , 18016 , Armilla, Granada , Spain
| | - Marta Medina-O'Donnell
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Fuentenueva, s/n , E-18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Francisco Rivas
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Fuentenueva, s/n , E-18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Fuentenueva, s/n , E-18071 Granada , Spain
| | - José María Pérez-Victoria
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "Lopez-Neyra", CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada , Avenida del Conocimiento, 17 , 18016 , Armilla, Granada , Spain
| | - Andres Parra
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Fuentenueva, s/n , E-18071 Granada , Spain
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16
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Wani TA, Masoodi F, Gani A, Baba WN, Rahmanian N, Akhter R, Wani IA, Ahmad M. Olive oil and its principal bioactive compound: Hydroxytyrosol – A review of the recent literature. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Imran M, Nadeem M, Gilani SA, Khan S, Sajid MW, Amir RM. Antitumor Perspectives of Oleuropein and Its Metabolite Hydroxytyrosol: Recent Updates. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1781-1791. [PMID: 29928786 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Olive fruit is a significant and promising source of potential bioactive compounds such as oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Oleuropein is the ester of elenolic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol (HT). It is the main glycoside in olives, the degradation of which results in the formation of hydroxytyrosol in olive oil. Both plays a significant role in the reduction of coronary heart diseases and a certain type of cancers. Both olive oil phenols have an effective role counter to cell proliferation, cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. They down regulate the expression of BCL-2 and COX-2 proteins, and reduced DNA damage. Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein inhibited the multiple stages in colon carcinogenesis; initiation, promotion, and metastasis. They also provide protection against various human cancers including colorectal, skin, breast, thyroid, digestive, lung, brain, blood, and cervical. This review article discusses the anticancer perspectives and mechanisms of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol in cell cultures and animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Univ. Inst. of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Univ. of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Dept. of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Syed Amir Gilani
- Univ. Inst. of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Univ. of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaista Khan
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Shah Abdul University, Khairpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Rai Muhammad Amir
- Inst. of Food and Nutritional Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture Univ., Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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18
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Robles-Almazan M, Pulido-Moran M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Ramirez-Tortosa C, Rodriguez-Garcia C, Quiles JL, Ramirez-Tortosa MC. Hydroxytyrosol: Bioavailability, toxicity, and clinical applications. Food Res Int 2017; 105:654-667. [PMID: 29433260 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many beneficial properties have been attributed to the Mediterranean diet. Over the years, researchers have attempted to learn which foods and which food components are responsible for good health. One of these components is hydroxytyrosol, an important phenolic compound present in olive oil. Hydroxytyrosol is a molecule of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial qualities its role against cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome and for its neuroprotection, antitumour, and chemo modulation effects. The interest in this molecule has led to wide research on its biological activities, its beneficial effects in humans and how to synthetize new molecules from hydroxytyrosol. This review describes the vast range of information about hydroxytyrosol, focusing on its involvement in biological mechanisms and modulation effects on different pathologies. This review also serves to highlight the role of hydroxytyrosol as a nutraceutical and as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Robles-Almazan
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Complex of Jaén, Avenida del Ejército Español, 10, Jaén 23007, Spain
| | - Mario Pulido-Moran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Cesar Ramirez-Tortosa
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Complex of Jaén, Avenida del Ejército Español, 10, Jaén 23007, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jose L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - MCarmen Ramirez-Tortosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain.
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Bernini R, Carastro I, Palmini G, Tanini A, Zonefrati R, Pinelli P, Brandi ML, Romani A. Lipophilization of Hydroxytyrosol-Enriched Fractions from Olea europaea L. Byproducts and Evaluation of the in Vitro Effects on a Model of Colorectal Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6506-6512. [PMID: 28285526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A hydroxytyrosol (HTyr)-enriched fraction containing HTyr 6% w/w, derived from Olea europaea L. byproducts and obtained using an environmentally and economically sustainable technology, was lipophilized under green chemistry conditions. The effects of three fractions containing hydroxytyrosyl butanoate, octanoate, and oleate, named, respectively, lipophilic fractions 5, 6, and 7, and unreacted HTyr on the human colon cancer cell line HCT8-β8 engineered to overexpress estrogen receptor β (ERβ) were evaluated and compared to those of pure HTyr. The experimental data demonstrated that HTyr and all fractions showed an antiproliferative effect, as had been observed by the evaluation of the cellular doubling time under these different conditions (mean control, 32 ± 4 h; HTyr 1, 65 ± 9 h; fraction 5, 64 ± 11 h; fraction 6, 62 ± 14 h; fraction 7, 133 ± 30 h). As evidenced, fraction 7 containing hydroxytyrosyl oleate showed the highest activity. These results were related to the link with ER-β, which was assessed through simultaneous treatment with an inhibitor of ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia , Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Isabella Carastro
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia , Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tanini
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Zonefrati
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pinelli
- Department of Statistics, Computing, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), PHYTOLAB, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Department of Statistics, Computing, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), PHYTOLAB, University of Florence , 50134 Florence, Italy
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Zubair H, Bhardwaj A, Ahmad A, Srivastava SK, Khan MA, Patel GK, Singh S, Singh AP. Hydroxytyrosol Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:932-942. [PMID: 28718667 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenol from olives, is a potential anticancer agent. This study was designed to evaluate the anticancer activity of HT against prostate cancer cells, and the mechanism thereof. METHODS AND RESULTS Treatment of LNCaP and C4-2 prostate cancer cells with HT resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation. This was in contrast to HT's ineffectiveness against normal prostate epithelial cells RWPE1 and PWLE2, suggesting cancer-cell-specific effect. HT induced G1/S cell cycle arrest, with inhibition of cyclins D1/E and cdk2/4 and induction of inhibitory p21/p27. HT also induced apoptosis, as confirmed by flow cytometry, caspase activation, PARP cleavage, and BAX/Bcl-2 ratio. It inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt/STAT3, and induced cytoplasmic retention of NF-κB, which may explain its observed effects. Finally, HT inhibited androgen receptor (AR) expression and the secretion of AR-responsive prostate-specific antigen. CONCLUSION Castration-resistant prostate cancers retain AR signaling and are often marked by activated Akt, NF-κB, and STAT3 signaling. Our results establish a pleiotropic activity of HT against these oncogenic signaling pathways. Combined with its nontoxic effects against normal cells, our results support further testing of HT for prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Zubair
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Arun Bhardwaj
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Girijesh Kumar Patel
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Seema Singh
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Medicine, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Ajay Partap Singh
- a Department of Oncologic Sciences , Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Medicine, University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
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Losada-Barreiro S, Bravo-Díaz C. Free radicals and polyphenols: The redox chemistry of neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 133:379-402. [PMID: 28415050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of bioorganic materials by air and, particularly, the oxidative stress involved in the cell loss and other pathologies associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are of enormous social and economic importance. NDs generally involve free radical reactions, beginning with the formation of an initiating radical by some redox, thermal or photochemical process, causing nucleic acid, protein and lipid oxidations and the production of harmful oxidative products. Physically, persons afflicted by NDs suffer progressive loss of memory and thinking ability, mood swings, personality changes, and loss of independence. Therefore, the development of antioxidant strategies to retard or minimize the oxidative degradation of bioorganic materials has been, and still is, of paramount importance. While we are aware of the importance of investigating the biological and medical aspects of the diseases, elucidation of the associated chemistry is crucial to understanding their progression, heading to intelligent chemical intervention to find more efficient therapies to prevent or delay the onset of the diseases. Accordingly, this review aims to provide the reader with a chemical base to understand the behavior and properties of the reactive oxygen species involved and of typical radical scavengers such as polyphenolic antioxidants. Some discussion on the structures of the various species, their formation, chemical reactivities and lifetimes is included. The ultimate goal is to understand how, when and where they form, how far they travel prior to react, which molecules are their targets, and how we can, eventually, control their activity to minimize their impact by means of chemical methods. Recent strategies explore chemical modifications of the hydrophobicity of potent, natural antioxidants to improve their efficiency by fine-tuning their concentrations at the reaction site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- Universidad de Vigo, Fac. Química, Dpto Química Física, 36200, Vigo, Spain; Requimte, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Universidad de Vigo, Fac. Química, Dpto Química Física, 36200, Vigo, Spain.
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22
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Dudzik A, Jaszczuk K, Losada-Barreiro S, Bravo-Díaz C. Kinetic evidence for the formation of diazo ethers in the course of reactions between arenediazonium ions and antioxidants. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03670h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-zero, pH-dependent, saturation kinetics are observed in the course of the reaction between 3-methylbenzenediazonium ions and hydroxytyrosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dudzik
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
- Poland
- Dpt. Química Física
| | - Katarzyna Jaszczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
- Poland
- Dpt. Química Física
| | | | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Dpt. Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Vigo
- Vigo-Pontevedra
- Spain
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23
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Sánchez-Barrionuevo L, González-Benjumea A, Escobar-Niño A, García MT, López Ó, Maya I, Fernández-Bolaños JG, Cánovas D, Mellado E. A Straightforward Access to New Families of Lipophilic Polyphenols by Using Lipolytic Bacteria. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166561. [PMID: 27855214 PMCID: PMC5113952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical synthesis of new lipophilic polyphenols with improved properties presents technical difficulties. Here we describe the selection, isolation and identification of lipolytic bacteria from food-processing industrial wastes, and their use for tailoring a new set of compounds with great interest in the food industry. These bacteria were employed to produce lipolytic supernatants, which were applied without further purification as biocatalysts in the chemoselective and regioselective synthesis of lipophilic partially acetylated phenolic compounds derived from olive polyphenols. The chemoselectivity of polyphenols acylation/deacylation was analyzed, revealing the preference of the lipases for phenolic hydroxyl groups and phenolic esters. In addition, the alcoholysis of peracetylated 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol resulted in a series of lipophilic 2-alkoxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl acetate through an unexpected lipase-mediated etherification at the benzylic position. These new compounds are more lipophilic and retained their antioxidant properties. This approach can provide access to unprecedented derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Sánchez-Barrionuevo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Almudena Escobar-Niño
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Teresa García
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Óscar López
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Inés Maya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - David Cánovas
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Encarnación Mellado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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24
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Belmonte-Reche E, Martínez-García M, Peñalver P, Gómez-Pérez V, Lucas R, Gamarro F, Pérez-Victoria JM, Morales JC. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol derivatives as antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 119:132-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Almeida J, Losada-Barreiro S, Costa M, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C, Romsted LS. Interfacial Concentrations of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Lipophilic Esters in Intact Olive Oil-in-Water Emulsions: Effects of Antioxidant Hydrophobicity, Surfactant Concentration, and the Oil-to-Water Ratio on the Oxidative Stability of the Emulsions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5274-5283. [PMID: 27157893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We determined the interfacial molarities of the antioxidants, AOs, hydroxytyrosol (HT), and HT fatty acid esters with chain lengths of 1 to 16 carbons in intact olive oil/water/Tween 20 emulsions. The results were compared with chain length effects on the oxidative stability of the same emulsions, and a direct correlation was established. Both (AOI) molarities (varying 50-250 times greater than the stoichiometric 3.5 × 10(-3) M AO concentration) and antioxidant efficiencies show similar parabola-like dependences on AO chain length with a maximum at C8, consistent with the "cut-off" effect often observed at longer chain lengths. Results should aid in understanding the complex structure-reactivity relationships between AO efficiencies in emulsified systems and their hydrophobilic-hydrophobic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Almeida
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Universidad de Vigo , Fac. Química, Dpto Química Física, 36200 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Universidad de Vigo , Fac. Química, Dpto Química Física, 36200 Vigo, Spain
| | - Laurence S Romsted
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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26
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Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Alkyl Nitroderivatives of Hydroxytyrosol. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050656. [PMID: 27213306 PMCID: PMC6272824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of alkyl nitrohydroxytyrosyl ether derivatives has been synthesized from free hydroxytyrosol (HT), the natural olive oil phenol, in order to increase the assortment of compounds with potential neuroprotective activity in Parkinson’s disease. In this work, the antioxidant activity of these novel compounds has been evaluated using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and Oxygen Radical Scavenging Capacity (ORAC) assays compared to that of nitrohydroxytyrosol (NO2HT) and free HT. New compounds showed variable antioxidant activity depending on the alkyl side chain length; compounds with short chains (2–4 carbon atoms) maintained or even improved the antioxidant activity compared to NO2HT and/or HT, whereas those with longer side chains (6–8 carbon atoms) showed lower activity than NO2HT but higher than HT.
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27
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Bernini R, Gilardini Montani MS, Merendino N, Romani A, Velotti F. Hydroxytyrosol-Derived Compounds: A Basis for the Creation of New Pharmacological Agents for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. J Med Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bernini
- Department
of Agriculture, Nature, Forests and Energy (DAFNE), Tuscia University, Via
S. Camillo De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Nicolò Merendino
- Department
of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB
(Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis)—DISIA, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Velotti
- Department
of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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28
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29
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López-Lázaro M. Two preclinical tests to evaluate anticancer activity and to help validate drug candidates for clinical trials. Oncoscience 2015; 2:91-8. [PMID: 25859551 PMCID: PMC4381701 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current approaches to assessing preclinical anticancer activity do not reliably predict drug efficacy in cancer patients. Most of the compounds that show remarkable anticancer effects in preclinical models actually fail when tested in clinical trials. We blame these failures on the complexity of the disease and on the limitations of the preclinical tools we require for our research. This manuscript argues that this lack of clinical response may also be caused by poor in vitro and in vivo preclinical designs, in which cancer patients' needs are not fully considered. Then, it proposes two patient-oriented tests to assess in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity and to help validate drug candidates for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
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30
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Cert R, Madrona A, Espartero JL, Pérez-Camino MC. Antioxidant activity of alkyl hydroxytyrosyl ethers in unsaturated lipids. Food Funct 2015; 6:1999-2007. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00300h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of alkyl HTy ethers to polyunsaturated oils preserves tocopherols and fatty acids and maintains their nutritional properties for longer periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Cert
- Instituto de la Grasa
- CSIC
- Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide
- E41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Andrés Madrona
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica
- Universidad de Sevilla
- E-41012 Seville
- Spain
| | - José Luis Espartero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica
- Universidad de Sevilla
- E-41012 Seville
- Spain
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31
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Silva T, Bravo J, Summavielle T, Remião F, Pérez C, Gil C, Martínez A, Borges F. Biology-oriented development of novel lipophilic antioxidants with neuroprotective activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15164j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives with enhanced in lipophilicity, blood brain barrier permeability and neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Silva
- CIQ/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Porto
- Porto
- Portugal
| | - J. Bravo
- Addiction Biology Group
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology
- University of Porto
- Porto
- Portugal
| | - T. Summavielle
- Addiction Biology Group
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology
- University of Porto
- Porto
- Portugal
| | - F. Remião
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Toxicology
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Porto
| | - C. Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica
- CSIC
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - C. Gil
- Instituto de Química Médica
- CSIC
- Madrid
- Spain
| | | | - F. Borges
- CIQ/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Porto
- Porto
- Portugal
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32
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Trujillo M, Gallardo E, Madrona A, Bravo L, Sarriá B, González-Correa JA, Mateos R, Espartero JL. Synthesis and antioxidant activity of nitrohydroxytyrosol and its acyl derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10297-10303. [PMID: 25264851 DOI: 10.1021/jf503543x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of nitroderivatives has been synthesized from hydroxytyrosol, the natural olive oil phenol, to increase the assortment of compounds with putative effects against Parkinson's disease. Nitrohydroxytyrosyl esters were obtained from nitrohydroxytyrosol using a chemoselective one-step, high-yield, transesterification procedure. The antioxidant activity of these new series of nitrocatechols was evaluated using FRAP, ABTS, and ORAC assays and compared to that of free hydroxytyrosol. The nitro functional group induced a significant increase in the antioxidant activity of nitrohydroxytyrosol compared to hydroxytyrosol. Regarding nitroester derivatives, variable antioxidant activity was observed depending on the acyl side-chain length; shorter chains maintained or even enhanced the antioxidant activity compared to nitrohydroxytyrosol, decreasing the activity with longer side chains in keeping with their lipophilic nature. Therefore, it may be concluded that nitroester derivatives of hydroxytyrosol, which may be obtained by a simple, high-yield reaction, have elevated antioxidant activity and thus present potential bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Trujillo
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville , Seville, Spain
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