1
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Pan Y, Luo ZL, Yang J, Han J, Yang J, yao Z, Xu L, Wang P, Shi Q. Cobalt‐Catalyzed Selective Transformation of Levulinic Acid and Amines into Pyrrolidines and Pyrrolidinones under H2. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - zhen yao
- Renmin University of China CHINA
| | - Lijin Xu
- Renmin University of China CHINA
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2
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Taoka BM, Wu WL, Hao J, Dolmaski M, Wang H, Levorse D, Orth P, Hyde LA, Smith B, Michener MS, Kennedy ME, Parker EM, Cumming JN. Design and discovery of C2-fluoroalkyl iminothiazine dioxides as BACE inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 56:128463. [PMID: 34838652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the structure-activity-relationships of novel fluoroalkyl substituents at the C2 position of iminothiazine dioxide beta secretase inhibitors. Key discoveries include reduced amidine basicity and its effect on Pgp, cell potency, and efficacy in various preclinical in vivo efficacy animal models. Findings from these structure-activity-relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Taoka
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Wen-Lian Wu
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Jinsong Hao
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Martin Dolmaski
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Dorthy Levorse
- Department of Preclinical Development, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Peter Orth
- Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Lynn A Hyde
- Department of Neuroscience, Safety and Laboratory Animal Research, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Brad Smith
- Department of Safety and Laboratory Animal Research MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Maria S Michener
- Department of Safety and Laboratory Animal Research MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Matthew E Kennedy
- Department of Neuroscience, Safety and Laboratory Animal Research, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Eric M Parker
- Department of Neuroscience, Safety and Laboratory Animal Research, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Jared N Cumming
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
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3
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Siu T, Brubaker J, Fuller P, Torres L, Zeng H, Close J, Mampreian DM, Shi F, Liu D, Fradera X, Johnson K, Bays N, Kadic E, He F, Goldenblatt P, Shaffer L, Patel SB, Lesburg CA, Alpert C, Dorosh L, Deshmukh SV, Yu H, Klappenbach J, Elwood F, Dinsmore CJ, Fernandez R, Moy L, Young JR. The Discovery of 3-((4-Chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)amino)-1-((3R,4S)-4-cyanotetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, a Highly Ligand Efficient and Efficacious Janus Kinase 1 Selective Inhibitor with Favorable Pharmacokinetic Properties. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9676-9690. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Siu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Jason Brubaker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Peter Fuller
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Luis Torres
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Joshua Close
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Dawn M. Mampreian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Xavier Fradera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Kevin Johnson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Nathan Bays
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Elma Kadic
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Peter Goldenblatt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Lynsey Shaffer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Sangita B. Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Charles A. Lesburg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Carla Alpert
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Lauren Dorosh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Sujal V. Deshmukh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Hongshi Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Joel Klappenbach
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Fiona Elwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Christopher J. Dinsmore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Rafael Fernandez
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Lily Moy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Jonathan R. Young
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Discovery Process Chemistry, §Department of Modeling & Informatics, ∥Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, ⊥Department of Structural Chemistry, #Department of Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, ∇Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, ○Department of Molecular Biomarkers, ¶Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, $Department of Respiratory and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
- Department of Chemistry and ◇Department of Biology, Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
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4
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Zhu YP, Mampuys P, Sergeyev S, Ballet S, Maes BUW. Amine Activation:N-Arylamino Acid Amide Synthesis from Isothioureas and Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Zhu
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171, B- 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Pieter Mampuys
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171, B- 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Sergey Sergeyev
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171, B- 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry; Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Pleinlaan 2, B- 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171, B- 2020 Antwerp Belgium
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5
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Cunha S, Serafim JC, de Santana LLB, Damasceno F, Correia JTM, Santos AO, Oliveira M, Ribeiro J, Amparo J, Costa SL. One-Step Synthesis of 3,4-Diphenyl-2-pyrrolinones by Solvent-Free and Bi 2
O 3
-Catalyzed Approaches and Cytotoxicity Screening Against Glioma Cells. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Cunha
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - José Claudio Serafim
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Lourenço Luis Botelho de Santana
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Fabiano Damasceno
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - José Tiago Menezes Correia
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Airam Oliveira Santos
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina 40170-115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
- INCT em Energia e Ambiente; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Campus de Ondina Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Mona Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção/Bioquímica; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular; Salvador Bahia 40.110-100 Brazil
- INCT em Neurociência Translacional; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Janaína Ribeiro
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção/Bioquímica; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular; Salvador Bahia 40.110-100 Brazil
- INCT em Neurociência Translacional; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Jéssika Amparo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção/Bioquímica; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular; Salvador Bahia 40.110-100 Brazil
- INCT em Neurociência Translacional; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção/Bioquímica; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular; Salvador Bahia 40.110-100 Brazil
- INCT em Neurociência Translacional; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia; Salvador Bahia 40170-290 Brazil
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6
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Mainolfi N, Powers J, Meredith E, Elliott J, Gunderson KG, Poor S, Liu F, Anderson K. Core Replacements in a Potent Series of VEGFR-2 Inhibitors and Their Impact on Potency, Solubility, and hERG. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:357-62. [PMID: 27096041 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-VEGF therapy has been a clinically validated treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have recently reported the discovery of indole based oral VEGFR-2 inhibitors that provide sustained ocular retention and efficacy in models of wet-AMD. We disclose herein the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a series of novel core replacements as an expansion of the reported indole based VEGFR-2 inhibitor series. Addition of heteroatoms to the existing core and/or rearranging the heteroatoms around the 6-5 bicyclic ring structure produced a series of compounds that generally retained good on-target potency and an improved solubility profile. The hERG affinity was proven not be dependent on the change in lipophilicity through alteration of the core structure. A serendipitous discovery led to the identification of a new indole-pyrimidine connectivity: from 5-hydroxy to 6-hydroxyindole with potentially vast implication on the in vitro/in vivo properties of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nello Mainolfi
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - James Powers
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Erik Meredith
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jason Elliott
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Karl G. Gunderson
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen Poor
- Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 500 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 500 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Karen Anderson
- Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 500 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Huo C, Yuan Y. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of Anilines, α-Oxoaldehydes, and α-Angelicalactone for the Synthesis of Complex Pyrrolidones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12704-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congde Huo
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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8
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Huo C, Yuan Y, Chen F, Tang J, Wang Y. Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenative Formal [2 + 3] Cyclization of Glycine Esters with α-Angelicalactone: Approach To Construct Polysubstituted Pyrrolidones. Org Lett 2015; 17:4208-11. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congde Huo
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Eco-Environment-Related
Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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9
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10
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The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3848-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Raghuraman A, Xin D, Perez LM, Burgess K. Expanding the scope of oligo-pyrrolinone-pyrrolidines as protein-protein interface mimics. J Org Chem 2013; 78:4823-33. [PMID: 23654284 PMCID: PMC3702049 DOI: 10.1021/jo400323k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oligo-pyrrolinone-pyrrolidines (generic structure 1) have the potential to interfere with protein-protein interactions (PPIs), but to reduce this to practice it is necessary to be able to synthesize these structures with a variety of different side chains corresponding to genetically encoded proteins. This paper describes expansion of the synthetic scope of 1, the difficulties encountered in this process, particularly issues with epimerization and slow coupling rates, and methods to overcome them. Finally, spectroscopic and physicochemical properties as well as proteolytic stabilities of molecules in this series were measured; these data highlight the suitability of oligo-pyrrolinone-pyrrolidines for the development of pharmacological probes or pharmaceutical leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Raghuraman
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77841
| | - Dongyue Xin
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77841
| | - Lisa M. Perez
- Laboratory for Molecular Simulation, Texas A&M University, Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Kevin Burgess
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77841
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12
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Sathesh V, Sathishkumar M, Ramachandran G, Rathore RS, Sathiyanarayanan KI. A green approach for the one-pot multi-component synthesis of N-substituted γ, δ and ε-lactams involving C–N bond formation catalyzed by FeCl3. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Wlodarczyk N, Le Broc-Ryckewaert D, Gilleron P, Lemoine A, Farce A, Chavatte P, Dubois J, Pommery N, Hénichart JP, Furman C, Millet R. Potent Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors with 1,4-Diazepane Scaffolds as Novel Destabilizing Microtubule Agents in Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1178-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jm101067y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Wlodarczyk
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Le Broc-Ryckewaert
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4483, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Pauline Gilleron
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Amélie Lemoine
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Amaury Farce
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Chavatte
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Joëlle Dubois
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR2301 CNRS, Centre de Recherche de Gif, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Nicole Pommery
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4483, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hénichart
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4483, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Régis Millet
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, Université Lille-Nord de France, EA4481, IFR114, 3 Rue du Pr Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille, France
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14
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Siu T, Kozina ES, Jung J, Rosenstein C, Mathur A, Altman MD, Chan G, Xu L, Bachman E, Mo JR, Bouthillette M, Rush T, Dinsmore CJ, Marshall CG, Young JR. The discovery of tricyclic pyridone JAK2 inhibitors. Part 1: hit to lead. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7421-5. [PMID: 21044843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the discovery and design of a novel class of JAK2 inhibitors. Furthermore, we detail the optimization of a screening hit using ligand binding efficiency and log D. These efforts led to the identification of compound 41, which demonstrates in vivo activity in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Siu
- Department of Chemistry, Merck & Co., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Kostyuchenko IV, Shulishov EV, Rafikov RR, Novichkov AI, Dokichev VA, Tomilov YV. Chemical transformations of 3-aminopyrrolidin-2-ones of the norbornane and cyclopropane series. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Zachariae U, Giordanetto F, Leach AG. Side Chain Flexibilities in the Human Ether-a-go-go Related Gene Potassium Channel (hERG) Together with Matched-Pair Binding Studies Suggest a New Binding Mode for Channel Blockers. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4266-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Zachariae
- Physical and Computational Chemistry, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK11 4TG, U.K
| | | | - Andrew G. Leach
- Physical and Computational Chemistry, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK11 4TG, U.K
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17
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Li Y, Liang J, Siu T, Hu E, Rossi MA, Barnett SF, Defeo-Jones D, Jones RE, Robinson RG, Leander K, Huber HE, Mittal S, Cosford N, Prasit P. Allosteric inhibitors of Akt1 and Akt2: discovery of [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-f][1,6]naphthyridines with potent and balanced activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:834-6. [PMID: 19097777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-f][1,6]naphthyridine allosteric dual inhibitors of Akt1 and 2 have been developed. These compounds have been shown to have potent dual Akt1 and 2 cell potency. The representative compound 13 provided potent inhibitory activity against Akt1 and 2 in vivo in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., 770 Sumneytown Pike, WP14-2, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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18
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Prediction of hERG Potassium Channel Blockade Using kNN-QSAR and Local Lazy Regression Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200810072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Jamieson C, Moir EM, Rankovic Z, Wishart G. Strategy and Tactics for hERG Optimizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527621460.ch18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Pollard CE, Valentin JP, Hammond TG. Strategies to reduce the risk of drug-induced QT interval prolongation: a pharmaceutical company perspective. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:1538-43. [PMID: 18500356 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval is having a significant impact on the ability of the pharmaceutical industry to develop new drugs. The development implications for a compound causing a significant effect in the 'Thorough QT/QTc Study' -- as defined in the clinical regulatory guidance (ICH E14) -- are substantial. In view of this, and the fact that QT interval prolongation is linked to direct inhibition of the hERG channel, in the early stages of drug discovery the focus is on testing for and screening out hERG activity. This has led to understanding of how to produce low potency hERG blockers whilst retaining desirable properties. Despite this, a number of factors mean that when an integrated risk assessment is generated towards the end of the discovery phase (by conducting at least an in vivo QT assessment) a QT interval prolongation risk is still often apparent; inhibition of hERG channel trafficking and partitioning into cardiac tissue are just two confounding factors. However, emerging information suggests that hERG safety margins have high predictive value and that when hERG and in vivo non-clinical data are combined, their predictive value to man, whilst not perfect, is >80%. Although understanding the anomalies is important and is being addressed, of greater importance is developing a better understanding of TdP, with the aim of being able to predict TdP rather than using an imperfect surrogate marker (QT interval prolongation). Without an understanding of how to predict TdP risk, high-benefit drugs for serious indications may never be marketed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Pollard
- AstraZeneca R&D Alderley Park, Safety Assessment UK, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK.
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21
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Siu T, Li Y, Nagasawa J, Liang J, Tehrani L, Chua P, Jones RE, Defeo-Jones D, Barnett SF, Robinson RG. The design and synthesis of potent and cell-active allosteric dual Akt 1 and 2 inhibitors devoid of hERG activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4191-4. [PMID: 18550373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 05/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This letter details the attenuation of hERG in a class of Akt inhibitors through heteroatom insertions into aromatic rings. The development of a cell-active dual Akt 1 and 2 inhibitors devoid of hERG activity is discussed using structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Siu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., 3535 General Atomics Court, San Diego, CA 92129, USA. address:
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22
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Lam T, Hetherington JW, Greenman J, Little S, Maraveyas A. Metronomic chemotherapy dosing-schedules with estramustine and temozolomide act synergistically with anti-VEGFR-2 antibody to cause inhibition of human umbilical venous endothelial cell growth. Acta Oncol 2008; 46:1169-77. [PMID: 17851838 DOI: 10.1080/02841860701373603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effects of 'metronomic' or extended chemotherapy dosing schedules (ECS) are mediated through poorly understood anti-angiogenic mechanisms. ECS combined with biological anti-angiogenic agents have produced promising pre-clinical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have expanded the list of agents with an in vitro ECS profile to include the methylating agent temozolomide (Temodal) and the anti-mitotic agent estramustine (Estracyt). These agents were also combined with a specific anti-angiogenic inhibitor IMC-1C11 and a non-specific agent with anti-angiogenic properties, Compound 5h. The in vitro HUVEC ECS model system was optimised and cell proliferation assays undertaken. RESULTS As a single agent, estramustine inhibited endothelial cell proliferation with an IC50 of 4.5 microM and was active at 10-33% of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) from clinical schedules, whilst temozolomide had IC50 of 6.6 microM and was active at 1-6% of MTD. In combination, significant synergy was seen with IMC-1C11 in combination with either drug, whilst modest additive effects were observed with Compound 5h. None of the combinations resulted in significant cytotoxicity or apoptosis. DISCUSSION The results show that ECS of temozolomide and estramustine can be significantly enhanced when combined with specific anti-angiogenic inhibitors in an in vitro HUVEC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lam
- Postgraduate Medical Institute, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
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23
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Slee DH, Moorjani M, Zhang X, Lin E, Lanier MC, Chen Y, Rueter JK, Lechner SM, Markison S, Malany S, Joswig T, Santos M, Gross RS, Williams JP, Castro-Palomino JC, Crespo MI, Prat M, Gual S, Díaz JL, Jalali K, Sai Y, Zuo Z, Yang C, Wen J, O'Brien Z, Petroski R, Saunders J. 2-Amino-N-pyrimidin-4-ylacetamides as A2A receptor antagonists: 2. Reduction of hERG activity, observed species selectivity, and structure-activity relationships. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1730-9. [PMID: 18307293 DOI: 10.1021/jm701187w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have described a series of novel A 2A receptor antagonists with excellent water solubility. As described in the accompanying paper, the antagonists were first optimized to remove an unsubstituted furyl moiety, with the aim of avoiding the potential metabolic liabilities that can arise from the presence of an unsubstituted furan. This effort identified a series of potent and selective methylfuryl derivatives. Herein, we describe the further optimization of this series to increase potency, maintain selectivity for the human A 2A vs the human A 1 receptor, and minimize activity against the hERG channel. In addition, the observed structure-activity relationships against both the human and the rat A 2A receptor are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah H Slee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12790 El Camino Real, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.
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24
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Shamovsky I, Connolly S, David L, Ivanova S, Nordén B, Springthorpe B, Urbahns K. Overcoming Undesirable hERG Potency of Chemokine Receptor Antagonists Using Baseline Lipophilicity Relationships. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1162-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070543k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Shamovsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Connolly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent David
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Nordén
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Springthorpe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
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25
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Li Q, Jørgensen FS, Oprea T, Brunak S, Taboureau O. hERG Classification Model Based on a Combination of Support Vector Machine Method and GRIND Descriptors. Mol Pharm 2008; 5:117-27. [DOI: 10.1021/mp700124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Li
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Biocentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Division of Biocomputing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Flemming Steen Jørgensen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Biocentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Division of Biocomputing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Tudor Oprea
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Biocentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Division of Biocomputing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Søren Brunak
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Biocentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Division of Biocomputing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Olivier Taboureau
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Biocentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Division of Biocomputing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
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26
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Puntambekar DS, Giridhar R, Yadav MR. Insights into the structural requirements of farnesyltransferase inhibitors as potential anti-tumor agents based on 3D-QSAR CoMFA and CoMSIA models. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:142-54. [PMID: 17448576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Revised: 01/05/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study was performed on three different chemical series reported as selective farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitors employing comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices (CoMSIA) techniques to investigate the structural requirements for substrates and derive a predictive model that may be used for the design of novel FTase inhibitors. Removal of outliers improved the predictive power of models developed for all three structurally diverse classes of compounds. 3D-QSAR models were derived for 3-aminopyrrolidinone derivatives (training set N=38, test set N=7), 2-amino-nicotinonitriles (training set N=46, test set N=13) and 1-aryl-1'-imidazolyl methyl ethers (training set N=35, test set N=5). The CoMFA models with steric and electrostatic fields exhibited r(2)(cv) 0.479-0.803, r(2)(ncv) 0.945-0.993, r(2)(pred) 0.686-0.811. The CoMSIA models displayed r(2)(cv) 0.411-0.814, r(2)(ncv) 0.923-0.984, r(2)(pred) 0.399-0.787. 3D contour maps generated from these models were analyzed individually, which provide the regions in space where interactive fields may influence the activity. The superimposition of contour maps on the active site of farnesyltransferase additionally helps in understanding the structural requirements of these inhibitors. 3D-QSAR models developed may guide our efforts in designing and predicting the FTase inhibitory activity of novel molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra S Puntambekar
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M.S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, PO Box 51, Baroda 390 001, Gujarat, India
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27
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Bridgland-Taylor MH, Hargreaves AC, Easter A, Orme A, Henthorn DC, Ding M, Davis AM, Small BG, Heapy CG, Abi-Gerges N, Persson F, Jacobson I, Sullivan M, Albertson N, Hammond TG, Sullivan E, Valentin JP, Pollard CE. Optimisation and validation of a medium-throughput electrophysiology-based hERG assay using IonWorks™ HT. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2006; 54:189-99. [PMID: 16563806 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 02/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regulatory and competitive pressure to reduce the QT interval prolongation risk of potential new drugs has led to focus on methods to test for inhibition of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG)-encoded K+ channel, the primary molecular target underlying this safety issue. Here we describe the validation of a method that combines medium-throughput with direct assessment of channel function. METHODS The electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of hERG were compared using two methods: conventional, low-throughput electrophysiology and planar-array-based, medium-throughput electrophysiology (IonWorks HT). A pharmacological comparison was also made between IonWorks HT and an indirect assay (Rb+ efflux). RESULTS Basic electrophysiological properties of hERG were similar whether recorded conventionally (HEK cells) or using IonWorks HT (CHO cells): for example, tail current V1/2 -12.1+/-5.0 mV (32) for conventional and -9.5+/-6.0 mV (46) for IonWorks HT (mean+/-S.D. (n)). A key finding was that as the number of cells per well was increased in IonWorks HT, the potency reported for a given compound decreased. Using the lowest possible cell concentration (250,000 cells/ml) and 89 compounds spanning a broad potency range, the pIC50 values from IonWorks HT (CHO-hERG) were found to correlate well with those obtained using conventional methodology (HEK-hERG)(r=0.90; p<0.001). Further validation using CHO-hERG cells with both methods confirmed the correlation (r=0.94; p<0.001). In contrast, a comparison of IonWorks HT and Rb+ efflux data with 649 compounds using CHO-hERG cells showed that the indirect assay consistently reported compounds as being, on average, 6-fold less potent, though the differences varied depending on chemical series. DISCUSSION The main finding of this work is that providing a relatively low cell concentration is used in IonWorks HT, the potency information generated correlates well with that determined using conventional electrophysiology. The effect on potency of increasing cell concentration may relate to a reduced free concentration of test compound owing to partitioning into cell membranes. In summary, the IonWorks HT hERG assay can generate pIC50 values based on a direct assessment of channel function in a timeframe short enough to influence chemical design.
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Das Sarma K, Zhang J, Huang Y, Davidson JG. Amino Acid Esters and Amides for Reductive Amination of Mucochloric Acid: Synthesis of Novel γ-Lactams, Short Peptides and Antiseizure Agent Levetiracetam (Keppra®). European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lombardino JG, Lowe JA. The role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery--then and now. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2004; 3:853-62. [PMID: 15459676 DOI: 10.1038/nrd1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery has undergone major changes in the past 25 years, mainly because of the introduction of technologies such as combinatorial chemistry and structure-based drug design. As medicinal chemists with more than 50 years of combined experience spanning the past four decades, we discuss this changing role using examples from our own and others' experience. This historical perspective could provide insights in to how to improve the current model for drug discovery by helping the medicinal chemist regain the creative role that contributed to past successes.
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Golankiewicz B, Januszczyk P, Zeidler J, Popenda M. An efficient route to novel 4,5-di- and 2,4,5-tri substituted imidazoles from imidazo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine (5,8-diaza-7,9-dideazapurine) derivatives. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2004; 23:127-36. [PMID: 15043141 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120027822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Two new types of imidazole derivatives: N-(2-R1-5-R2-1H-imidazol-4-yl) thioureas 7a-g and N-(2-R1-5-R2-1H-imidazol-4-yl) formamides 8b,c,g were obtained in high yields by the hydrolytic degradation of 6-R1-8-R2-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(1H)-ones 5a-g and 6-R1-8-R2-imidazo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(3H)-ones 6b,c,d, respectively. The tautomeric preferences of the new imidazoles were determined.
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Lobell RB, Davide JP, Kohl NE, Burns HD, Eng WS, Gibson RE. A cell-based radioligand binding assay for farnesyl: protein transferase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING 2003; 8:430-8. [PMID: 14567795 DOI: 10.1177/1087057103256153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Farnesyl:protein transferase (FPTase) catalyzes the covalent addition of the isoprenyl moiety of farnesylpyrophosphate to the C-terminus of the Ras oncoprotein and other cellular proteins. Inhibitors of FPTase (FTIs) have been developed as potential anticancer agents, and several compounds have been evaluated in clinical trials. To facilitate the identification of cell-active FTIs with high potency, the authors developed a method that uses a radiolabeled FTI that serves as a ligand in competitive displacement assays. Using high-affinity [(3)H]-labeled or [(125)I]-labeled FTI radioligands, they show that specific binding to FPTase can be detected in intact cells. Binding of these labeled FTI radioligands can be competed with a variety of structurally diverse FTIs, and the authors show that inhibition of FTI radioligand binding correlates well with inhibition of FPTase substrate prenylation in cells. This method provides a rapid and quantitative means of assessing FTI potency in cells and is useful for guiding the discovery of potent, novel inhibitors of FPTase. Similar methods could be employed in the optimization of inhibitors for other intracellular drug targets.
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Tucker TJ, Abrams MT, Buser CA, Davide JP, Ellis-Hutchings M, Fernandes C, Gibbs JB, Graham SL, Hartman GD, Huber HE, Liu D, Lobell RB, Lumma WC, Robinson RG, Sisko JT, Smith AM. The synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of potent dual inhibitors of farnesyl and geranyl-Geranyl protein transferases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2027-30. [PMID: 12113834 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared a series of potent, dual inhibitors of the prenyl transferases farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase) and geranyl-geranyl protein transferase I (GGPTase). The compounds were shown to possess potent activity against both enzymes in cell culture. Mechanistic analysis has shown that the compounds are CAAX competitive for FPTase inhibition but geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) competitive for GGPTase inhibiton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Tucker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 4, Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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Suero R, Gorgojo JM, Aurrecoechea JM. Synthesis of 3-aminopyrrolidines by cyclization of neutral C-centered α-aminoalkyl radicals. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nguyen DN, Stump CA, Walsh ES, Fernandes C, Davide JP, Ellis-Hutchings M, Robinson RG, Williams TM, Lobell RB, Huber HE, Buser CA. Potent inhibitors of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:1269-73. [PMID: 11965368 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Compound 1 has been shown to be a dual prenylation inhibitor with FPTase (IC50=2 nM) and GGPTase-I (IC50=95 nM). Analogues of 1, which replaced the cyanophenyl group with various biaryls, led to the discovery of highly potent dual FPTase/GGPTase-I inhibitors. 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, trifluoropentynyl, and trifluoropentyl were identified as good p-cyano replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diem N Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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