1
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Kuppuswamy U, Rajan RK, Kumar A, Ramanathan M. In-silico and in-vitro analysis of novel substituted benzimidazolyl derivatives for antimycobacterial potentials targeting enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA). FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The emergence of mutated drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has reinvigorated the development of effective chemotherapy for MDR-TB (multidrug-resistant resistance tuberculosis). Enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) involved in the mycobacterial fatty acid elongation system has been chosen as a potential target.
Result
All of the lead compounds had a definite Rf value and a sharp melting point, confirming that no tautomeric forms exist and that the keto (CO) group is apparent in the IR and 13C NMR spectrum data. Structure-based drug design revealed the presence of amino acid residues like TYR 158, ILE 194, and PHE 149 which are crucial for InhA inhibitory activity and were considered favorable interactions. Among all, compounds 4, 5a, and 5c showed better docking and binding free energy owing to favorable interactions. Interestingly, there was a strong correlation between the binding free energy and the antimycobacterial susceptibility assay, where compounds 4, 5a, and 5c had greater activity. All the lead compounds also had good oral absorption and gut permeability. The presence of a carboxylic linker (–COOH–) between benzimidazole and the rest of the structure of the lead compounds was found to be crucial for activity as the oxygen atom and hydroxyl group of the linker formed most of the favorable interactions. The presence of chlorophenyl showed a favorable effect on InhA inhibition which might be owing to its hydrophobic interaction with PHE 149.
Conclusion
Three of the seven lead compounds synthesized had an IC value of approximately 0.5 μg/ml in the in-vitro Alamar blue assay against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain, which is roughly comparable to the standard marketed drug, Isoniazid (INH). This manifestation of promising activity that resulted from combining in-silico and wet lab experimentation could be a great starting point for developing potent antimycobacterial agents to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Graphical abstract
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2
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Qin P, Ran Y, Liu Y, Wei C, Luan X, Niu H, Peng J, Sun J, Wu J. Recent advances of small molecule JNK3 inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106090. [PMID: 35964505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a member of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family, with three isoforms, JNK1, JNK2 and JNK3. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder and the most common type of dementia. Two well-established AD pathologies are the deposition of Aβ amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles caused by Tau hyperphosphorylation. JNK3 is involved in forming amyloid Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles, suggesting that JNK3 may represent a target to develop treatments for AD. Therefore, this review will discuss the roles of JNK3 in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD, and the latest progress in the development of JNK3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yingying Ran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Luan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoqian Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingde Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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3
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Li G, Qi W, Li X, Zhao J, Luo M, Chen J. Recent Advances in c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:607-627. [PMID: 32039671 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200210144114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNKs), members of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, play a key role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, inflammation, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. Therefore, JNKs represent new and excellent target by therapeutic agents. Many JNK inhibitors based on different molecular scaffolds have been discovered in the past decade. However, only a few of them have advanced to clinical trials. The major obstacle for the development of JNK inhibitors as therapeutic agents is the JNKisoform selectivity. In this review, we describe the recent development of JNK inhibitors, including ATP competitive and ATP non-competitive (allosteric) inhibitors, bidentatebinding inhibitors and dual inhibitors, the challenges, and the future direction of JNK inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528300, China
| | - Wenqing Qi
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis TN 38105, United States
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- Chengdu Easton Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jinwu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Meihua Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528300, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528300, China
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4
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Yang J, Duan J, Wang G, Zhou H, Ma B, Wu C, Xiao J. Visible-Light-Promoted Site-Selective N1-Alkylation of Benzotriazoles with α-Diazoacetates. Org Lett 2020; 22:7284-7289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiaokui Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ganggang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chengqi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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5
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Rajan RK, Ramanathan M. Identification and neuroprotective evaluation of a potential c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 inhibitor through structure-based virtual screening and in-vitro assay. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 34:671-682. [PMID: 32040807 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) signaling cascade is activated during cerebral ischemia leading to neuronal damage. The present study was carried out to identify and evaluate novel JNK3 inhibitors using in-silico and in-vitro approach. A total of 380 JNK3 inhibitors belonging to different organic groups was collected from the previously reported literature. These molecules were used to generate a pharmacophore model. This model was used to screen a chemical database (SPECS) to identify newer molecules with similar chemical features. The top 1000 hits molecules were then docked against the JNK3 enzyme coordinate following GLIDE rigid receptor docking (RRD) protocol. Best posed molecules of RRD were used during induced-fit docking (IFD), allowing receptor flexibility. Other computational predictions such as binding free energy, electronic configuration and ADME/tox were also calculated. Inferences from the best pharmacophore model suggested that, in order to have specific JNK3 inhibitory activity, the molecules must possess one H-bond donor, two hydrophobic and two ring features. Docking studies suggested that the main interaction between lead molecules and JNK3 enzyme consisted of hydrogen bond interaction with methionine 149 of the hinge region. It was also observed that the molecule with better MM-GBSA dG binding free energy, had greater correlation with JNK3 inhibition. Lead molecule (AJ-292-42151532) with the highest binding free energy (dG = 106.8 Kcal/mol) showed better efficacy than the SP600125 (reference JNK3 inhibitor) during cell-free JNK3 kinase assay (IC50 = 58.17 nM) and cell-based neuroprotective assay (EC50 = 7.5 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Rajan
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Ramanathan
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
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6
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Patel DG, Mitchell TB, Myers SD, Carter DA, Novak FA. A Suzuki Approach to Quinone-Based Diarylethene Photochromes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2646-2653. [PMID: 31896258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diarylethene photochromes show promise for use in advanced organic electronic and photonic materials with burgeoning considerations for biological applications; however, these compounds typically require UV light for photoswitching in at least one direction, thus limiting their appeal. We here introduce a naphthoquinone-based diarylethene that switches between open and closed forms with visible light. The synthesis of this quinone diarylethene relies on Suzuki methodology, allowing for the inclusion of functional groups not otherwise accessible with current synthetic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh G Patel
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University at Hazleton , Hazleton , Pennsylvania 18202 , United States
| | - Travis B Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry , The State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York 14260-3000 , United States
| | - Shea D Myers
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University at Hazleton , Hazleton , Pennsylvania 18202 , United States
| | - Dorothy A Carter
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University at Hazleton , Hazleton , Pennsylvania 18202 , United States
| | - Frank A Novak
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University at Hazleton , Hazleton , Pennsylvania 18202 , United States
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7
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Custodio JMF, Moura AF, de Moraes MO, Perez CN, Napolitano HB. On the in silico and in vitro anticancer activity of sulfonamide chalcones: potential JNKK3 inhibitors. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05612b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although many compound classes have been studied as JNK inhibitors, we are interested in using chalcones for this purpose. Do different groups drive to different bindings modes to JNK?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M. F. Custodio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
- Instituto de Química
| | - Andrea F. Moura
- Núcleo de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará
- Fortaleza
- Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade – BIOTEC
| | - Manoel O. de Moraes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará
- Fortaleza
- Brazil
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8
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Leung L, Niculescu-Duvaz D, Smithen D, Lopes F, Callens C, McLeary R, Saturno G, Davies L, Aljarah M, Brown M, Johnson L, Zambon A, Chambers T, Ménard D, Bayliss N, Knight R, Fish L, Lawrence R, Challinor M, Tang H, Marais R, Springer C. Anti-metastatic Inhibitors of Lysyl Oxidase (LOX): Design and Structure-Activity Relationships. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5863-5884. [PMID: 31070916 PMCID: PMC6937593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a secreted copper-dependent amine oxidase that cross-links collagens and elastin in the extracellular matrix and is a critical mediator of tumor growth and metastatic spread. LOX is a target for cancer therapy, and thus the search for therapeutic agents against LOX has been widely sought. We report herein the medicinal chemistry discovery of a series of LOX inhibitors bearing an aminomethylenethiophene (AMT) scaffold. High-throughput screening provided the initial hits. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of AMT inhibitors with sub-micromolar half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in a LOX enzyme activity assay. Further SAR optimization yielded the orally bioavailable LOX inhibitor CCT365623 with good anti-LOX potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetic properties, as well as anti-metastatic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Leung
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Niculescu-Duvaz
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Smithen
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Filipa Lopes
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Callens
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Robert McLeary
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Grazia Saturno
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence Davies
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Aljarah
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Brown
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Johnson
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Alfonso Zambon
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Chambers
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Delphine Ménard
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Bayliss
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Knight
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fish
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Rae Lawrence
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Mairi Challinor
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - HaoRan Tang
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Marais
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Springer
- Drug
Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Molecular Oncology
Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
- Cancer
Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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9
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Huang M, Zolnoori M, Balls-Berry JE, Brockman TA, Patten CA, Yao L. Technological Innovations in Disease Management: Text Mining US Patent Data From 1995 to 2017. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e13316. [PMID: 31038462 PMCID: PMC6611693 DOI: 10.2196/13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patents are important intellectual property protecting technological innovations that inspire efficient research and development in biomedicine. The number of awarded patents serves as an important indicator of economic growth and technological innovation. Researchers have mined patents to characterize the focuses and trends of technological innovations in many fields. OBJECTIVE To expand patent mining to biomedicine and facilitate future resource allocation in biomedical research for the United States, we analyzed US patent documents to determine the focuses and trends of protected technological innovations across the entire disease landscape. METHODS We analyzed more than 5 million US patent documents between 1995 and 2017, using summary statistics and dynamic topic modeling. More specifically, we investigated the disease coverage and latent topics in patent documents over time. We also incorporated the patent data into the calculation of our recently developed Research Opportunity Index (ROI) and Public Health Index (PHI), to recalibrate the resource allocation in biomedical research. RESULTS Our analysis showed that protected technological innovations have been primarily focused on socioeconomically critical diseases such as "other cancers" (malignant neoplasm of head, face, neck, abdomen, pelvis, or limb; disseminated malignant neoplasm; Merkel cell carcinoma; and malignant neoplasm, malignant carcinoid tumors, neuroendocrine tumor, and carcinoma in situ of an unspecified site), diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The United States has significantly improved resource allocation to biomedical research and development over the past 17 years, as illustrated by the decreasing PHI. Diseases with positive ROI, such as ankle and foot fracture, indicate potential research opportunities for the future. Development of novel chemical or biological drugs and electrical devices for diagnosis and disease management is the dominating topic in patented inventions. CONCLUSIONS This multifaceted analysis of patent documents provides a deep understanding of the focuses and trends of technological innovations in disease management in patents. Our findings offer insights into future research and innovation opportunities and provide actionable information to facilitate policy makers, payers, and investors to make better evidence-based decisions regarding resource allocation in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Huang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Maryam Zolnoori
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Joyce E Balls-Berry
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tabetha A Brockman
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Commuity Engagement Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Christi A Patten
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Commuity Engagement Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lixia Yao
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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10
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Honorato GA, de Lima RV, Manda BR, Paiva DR, Pimentel T, da Silva Gomes R. Insights for diastereoselective synthesis of cyclic α-sulfinyl and sulfanyl oximes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Zhou Y, Shen G, Sui Y, Zhou H. Fe(OTf) 3 -catalyzed practical synthesis of 2-trifluoromethylarylimidazoles from o -arylenediamines and hexafluoroacetylacetone. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Shahavar Sulthana S, Arul Antony S, Balachandran C, Syed Shafi S. Thiophene and benzodioxole appended thiazolyl-pyrazoline compounds: Microwave assisted synthesis, antimicrobial and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2753-7. [PMID: 26028159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of thiophene and benzodioxole appended thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated against different bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds were screened using MIC method and were proved synthesized compounds 7o, 7r and 7t to show good antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. In silico molecular docking studies revealed that all the synthesized molecules showed good binding energy toward the target receptor DNA topoisomerase IV, ranging from -10.42 to -11.66 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shahavar Sulthana
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
| | - S Arul Antony
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India.
| | - C Balachandran
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - S Syed Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore 632 115, India.
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13
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Wen J, Wei W, Yang D, Fan Y, Fu L, Wang H. Metal-Free Direct Hydrosulfonylation of Azodicarboxylates with Sulfinic Acids Leading to Sulfonylhydrazine Derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1034871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Daoshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Yufeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Lulu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
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14
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Bazin HG, Li Y, Khalaf JK, Mwakwari S, Livesay MT, Evans JT, Johnson DA. Structural requirements for TLR7-selective signaling by 9-(4-piperidinylalkyl)-8-oxoadenine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1318-23. [PMID: 25698055 PMCID: PMC4357173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of 8-oxoadenines substituted at the 9-position with a 4-piperidinylalkyl moiety. In vitro evaluation of the piperidinyl-substituted oxoadenines 3a-g in human TLR7- or TLR8-transfected HEK293 cells and in human PBMCs indicated that TLR7/8 selectivity/potency and cytokine induction can be modulated by varying the length of the alkyl linker. Oxoadenine 3f containing a 5-carbon linker was found to be the most potent TLR7 agonist and IFNα inducer in the series whereas 3b possessing a 1-carbon linker was the most potent TLR8 agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène G Bazin
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Yufeng Li
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Juhienah K Khalaf
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Sandra Mwakwari
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Mark T Livesay
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Jay T Evans
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - David A Johnson
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
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15
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Zheng K, Iqbal S, Hernandez P, Park H, LoGrasso PV, Feng Y. Design and synthesis of highly potent and isoform selective JNK3 inhibitors: SAR studies on aminopyrazole derivatives. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10013-30. [PMID: 25393557 PMCID: PMC4266361 DOI: 10.1021/jm501256y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
c-jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is expressed primarily in
the brain. Numerous reports have shown that inhibition of JNK3 is
a promising strategy for treatment of neurodegeneration. The optimization
of aminopyrazole-based JNK3 inhibitors with improved potency, isoform
selectivity, and pharmacological properties by structure–activity
relationship (SAR) studies utilizing biochemical and cell-based assays,
and structure-based drug design is reported. These inhibitors had
high selectivity over JNK1 and p38α, minimal cytotoxicity, potent
inhibition of 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation
and ROS generation, and good drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK)
properties for iv dosing. 26n was profiled against 464
kinases and was found to be highly selective hitting only seven kinases
with >80% inhibition at 10 μM. Moreover, 26n showed
good solubility, good brain penetration, and good DMPK properties.
Finally, the crystal structure of 26k in complex with
JNK3 was solved at 1.8 Å to explore the binding mode of aminopyrazole
based JNK3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Biology, §Crystallography/Modeling Facility, Translational Research Institute, and ∥Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Florida, The Scripps Research Institute , 130 Scripps Way, No. 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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16
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Belskaya N, Subbotina J, Lesogorova S. Synthesis of 2H-1,2,3-Triazoles. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2014_125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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He Y, Duckett D, Chen W, Ling YY, Cameron MD, Lin L, Ruiz CH, Lograsso PV, Kamenecka TM, Koenig M. Synthesis and SAR of novel isoxazoles as potent c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:161-4. [PMID: 24332487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of isoxazole 3 is described, a potent JNK inhibitor with two fold selectivity over p38. Optimization of this scaffold led to compounds 27 and 28 which showed greatly improved selectivity over p38 by maintaining the JNK3 potency of compound 3. Extensive SAR studies will be described as well as preliminary in vivo data of the two lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun He
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Derek Duckett
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Weimin Chen
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan Ling
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Michael D Cameron
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Claudia H Ruiz
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Philip V Lograsso
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Theodore M Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Marcel Koenig
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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18
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Novellasdemunt L, Tato I, Navarro-Sabate A, Ruiz-Meana M, Méndez-Lucas A, Perales JC, Garcia-Dorado D, Ventura F, Bartrons R, Rosa JL. Akt-dependent activation of the heart 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB2) isoenzyme by amino acids. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:10640-51. [PMID: 23457334 PMCID: PMC3624444 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.455998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal regulation of metabolism and signaling allows cells to modulate their activity in accordance with their metabolic resources. Thus, amino acids could activate signal transduction pathways that control cell metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the effect of amino acids on fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) metabolism. We demonstrate that amino acids increase Fru-2,6-P2 concentration in HeLa and in MCF7 human cells. In conjunction with this, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase activity, glucose uptake, and lactate concentration were increased. These data correlate with the specific phosphorylation of heart 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase (PFKFB2) isoenzyme at Ser-483. This activation was mediated by the PI3K and p38 signaling pathways. Furthermore, Akt inactivation blocked PFKFB2 phosphorylation and Fru-2,6-P2 production, thereby suggesting that the above signaling pathways converge at Akt kinase. In accordance with these results, kinase assays showed that amino acid-activated Akt phosphorylated PFKFB2 at Ser-483 and that knockdown experiments confirmed that the increase in Fru-2,6-P2 concentration induced by amino acids was due to PFKFB2. In addition, similar effects on Fru-2,6-P2 metabolism were observed in freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes treated with amino acids, which indicates that these effects are not restricted to human cancer cells. In these cardiomyocytes, the glucose consumption and the production of lactate and ATP suggest an increase of glycolytic flux. Taken together, these results demonstrate that amino acids stimulate Fru-2,6-P2 synthesis by Akt-dependent PFKFB2 phosphorylation and activation and show how signaling and metabolism are inextricably linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Novellasdemunt
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Irantzu Tato
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Aurea Navarro-Sabate
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- the Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Andrés Méndez-Lucas
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Jose Carlos Perales
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - David Garcia-Dorado
- the Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Ramon Bartrons
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- From the Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain and
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19
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20
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René O, Souverneva A, Magnuson SR, Fauber BP. Efficient syntheses of 2-fluoroalkylbenzimidazoles and -benzothiazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Casagrande M, Barteselli A, Basilico N, Parapini S, Taramelli D, Sparatore A. Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of new heteroaryl derivatives of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5965-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Aminopurine based JNK inhibitors for the prevention of ischemia reperfusion injury. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1427-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Song X, Chen W, Lin L, Ruiz CH, Cameron MD, Duckett DR, Kamenecka TM. Synthesis and SAR of 2-Phenoxypyridines as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7072-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Comess KM, Sun C, Abad-Zapatero C, Goedken ER, Gum RJ, Borhani DW, Argiriadi M, Groebe DR, Jia Y, Clampit JE, Haasch DL, Smith HT, Wang S, Song D, Coen ML, Cloutier TE, Tang H, Cheng X, Quinn C, Liu B, Xin Z, Liu G, Fry EH, Stoll V, Ng TI, Banach D, Marcotte D, Burns DJ, Calderwood DJ, Hajduk PJ. Discovery and characterization of non-ATP site inhibitors of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases. ACS Chem Biol 2011; 6:234-44. [PMID: 21090814 DOI: 10.1021/cb1002619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of protein kinases has validated therapeutic utility for cancer, with at least seven kinase inhibitor drugs on the market. Protein kinase inhibition also has significant potential for a variety of other diseases, including diabetes, pain, cognition, and chronic inflammatory and immunologic diseases. However, as the vast majority of current approaches to kinase inhibition target the highly conserved ATP-binding site, the use of kinase inhibitors in treating nononcology diseases may require great selectivity for the target kinase. As protein kinases are signal transducers that are involved in binding to a variety of other proteins, targeting alternative, less conserved sites on the protein may provide an avenue for greater selectivity. Here we report an affinity-based, high-throughput screening technique that allows nonbiased interrogation of small molecule libraries for binding to all exposed sites on a protein surface. This approach was used to screen both the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase Jnk-1 (involved in insulin signaling) and p38α (involved in the formation of TNFα and other cytokines). In addition to canonical ATP-site ligands, compounds were identified that bind to novel allosteric sites. The nature, biological relevance, and mode of binding of these ligands were extensively characterized using two-dimensional (1)H/(13)C NMR spectroscopy, protein X-ray crystallography, surface plasmon resonance, and direct enzymatic activity and activation cascade assays. Jnk-1 and p38α both belong to the MAP kinase family, and the allosteric ligands for both targets bind similarly on a ledge of the protein surface exposed by the MAP insertion present in the CMGC family of protein kinases and distant from the active site. Medicinal chemistry studies resulted in an improved Jnk-1 ligand able to increase adiponectin secretion in human adipocytes and increase insulin-induced protein kinase PKB phosphorylation in human hepatocytes, in similar fashion to Jnk-1 siRNA and to rosiglitazone treatment. Together, the data suggest that these new ligand series bind to a novel, allosteric, and physiologically relevant site and therefore represent a unique approach to identify kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Comess
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Chaohong Sun
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Cele Abad-Zapatero
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric R. Goedken
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Gum
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - David W. Borhani
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Maria Argiriadi
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Duncan R. Groebe
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yong Jia
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jill E. Clampit
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Deanna L. Haasch
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Harriet T. Smith
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Sanyi Wang
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Danying Song
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Michael L. Coen
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Timothy E. Cloutier
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Hua Tang
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Xueheng Cheng
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Christopher Quinn
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Bo Liu
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Zhili Xin
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Gang Liu
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Elizabeth H. Fry
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Vincent Stoll
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Teresa I. Ng
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - David Banach
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Doug Marcotte
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - David J. Burns
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - David J. Calderwood
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Philip J. Hajduk
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States
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25
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De SK, Barile E, Chen V, Stebbins JL, Cellitti JF, Machleidt T, Carlson CB, Yang L, Dahl R, Pellecchia M. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of thiophene-3-carboxamide derivatives as dual inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:2582-8. [PMID: 21458276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report comprehensive structure-activity relationship studies on a novel series of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. Intriguingly, the compounds have a dual inhibitory activity by functioning as both ATP and JIP mimetics, possibly by binding to both the ATP binding site and to the docking site of the kinase. Several of such novel compounds display potent JNK inhibitory profiles both in vitro and in cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya K De
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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26
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Gustin DJ, Ma Z, Min X, Li Y, Hedberg C, Guimaraes C, Porter AC, Lindstrom M, Lester-Zeiner D, Xu G, Carlson TJ, Xiao S, Meleza C, Connors R, Wang Z, Kayser F. Identification of potent, noncovalent fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2492-6. [PMID: 21392988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Starting from a series of ureas that were determined to be mechanism-based inhibitors of FAAH, several spirocyclic ureas and lactams were designed and synthesized. These efforts identified a series of novel, noncovalent FAAH inhibitors with in vitro potency comparable to known covalent FAAH inhibitors. The mechanism of action for these compounds was determined through a combination of SAR and co-crystallography with rat FAAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darin J Gustin
- Department of Chemistry, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, 1120 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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27
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Chen G, Xia H, Cai Y, Ma D, Yuan J, Yuan C. Diphenylbutylpiperidine-based cell autophagy inducers: Design, synthesis and SAR studies. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Tato I, Bartrons R, Ventura F, Rosa JL. Amino acids activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) via PI3K/Akt signaling. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:6128-42. [PMID: 21131356 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.166991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes regulates essential cellular processes, such as growth, proliferation, or survival. Nutrients such as amino acids are important regulators of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, thus affecting cell growth, protein synthesis, and autophagy. Here, we show that amino acids may also activate mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). This activation is mediated by the activity of class I PI3K and of Akt. Amino acids induced a rapid phosphorylation of Akt at Thr-308 and Ser-473. Whereas both phosphorylations were dependent on the presence of mTOR, only Akt phosphorylation at Ser-473 was dependent on the presence of rictor, a specific component of mTORC2. Kinase assays confirmed mTORC2 activation by amino acids. This signaling was functional, as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of Akt substrate FOXO3a. Interestingly, using different starvation conditions, amino acids can selectively activate mTORC1 or mTORC2. These findings identify a new signaling pathway used by amino acids underscoring the crucial importance of these nutrients in cell metabolism and offering new mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irantzu Tato
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona E-08907, Spain
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29
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Noël R, Shin Y, Song X, He Y, Koenig M, Chen W, Ling YY, Lin L, Ruiz CH, LoGrasso P, Cameron MD, Duckett DR, Kamenecka TM. Synthesis and SAR of 4-(pyrazol-3-yl)-pyridines as novel c-jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 21:2732-5. [PMID: 21185177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a novel series of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors is described. The development of the 4-(pyrazol-3-yl)-pyridine series was discovered from an earlier pyrimidine series of JNK inhibitors. Through the optimization of the scaffold 2, several potent compounds with good in vivo profiles were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Noël
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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30
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Siddiqui MA, Reddy PA. Small molecule JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3005-12. [PMID: 20146479 DOI: 10.1021/jm9003279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Arshad Siddiqui
- Merck Research Laboratories, 320 Bent Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA.
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31
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De SK, Chen V, Stebbins JL, Chen LH, Cellitti JF, Machleidt T, Barile E, Riel-Mehan M, Dahl R, Yang L, Emdadi A, Murphy R, Pellecchia M. Synthesis and optimization of thiadiazole derivatives as a novel class of substrate competitive c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 18:590-6. [PMID: 20045647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of thiadiazole derivatives has been designed as potential allosteric, substrate competitive inhibitors of the protein kinase JNK. We report on the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of a series of compounds that resulted in the identification of potent and selective JNK inhibitors targeting its JIP-1 docking site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya K De
- Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Gilbert AM, Nowak P, Brooijmans N, Bursavich MG, Dehnhardt C, Santos ED, Feldberg LR, Hollander I, Kim S, Lombardi S, Park K, Venkatesan AM, Mallon R. Novel purine and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine inhibitors of PI3 kinase-alpha: Hit to lead studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 20:636-9. [PMID: 19969455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Series of purine and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K) have been prepared. The optimized purine inhibitors show good potency in a PI3K p110alpha (PI3K-alpha) fluorescence polarization assay with good selectivity versus PI3K p110gamma (PI3K-gamma) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The related pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines show potent PI3K-alpha and mTOR inhibition with good selectivity versus PI3K-gamma. Representative compounds showed activity in a cellular proliferation assay against Caco-2 colorectal, LoVo colorectal and PC3MM2 prostate adenocarcinoma cancer cells. Signaling through the PI3K pathway was confirmed via inhibition of phospho-AKT in MDA-361 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Gilbert
- Medicinal Chemistry, Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA.
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33
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Williams AL, Dandepally SR, Kotturi SV. A p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) protection/deprotection approach toward the synthesis of 5-phenoxy-4-chloro-N-(aryl/alkyl) thiophene-2-sulfonamides. Mol Divers 2009; 14:697-707. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Cao J, Gao H, Bemis G, Salituro F, Ledeboer M, Harrington E, Wilke S, Taslimi P, Pazhanisamy S, Xie X, Jacobs M, Green J. Structure-based design and parallel synthesis of N-benzyl isatin oximes as JNK3 MAP kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2891-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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De SK, Stebbins JL, Chen LH, Riel-Mehan M, Machleidt T, Dahl R, Yuan H, Emdadi A, Barile E, Chen V, Murphy R, Pellecchia M. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship of substrate competitive, selective, and in vivo active triazole and thiadiazole inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1943-52. [PMID: 19271755 DOI: 10.1021/jm801503n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report comprehensive structure-activity relationship studies on a novel series of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. The compounds are substrate competitive inhibitors that bind to the docking site of the kinase. The reported medicinal chemistry and structure-based optimizations studies resulted in the discovery of selective and potent thiadiazole JNK inhibitors that display promising in vivo activity in mouse models of insulin insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya K De
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center and Cancer Center, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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36
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Humphries PS, Lafontaine JA, Agree CS, Alexander D, Chen P, Do QQT, Li LY, Lunney EA, Rajapakse RJ, Siegel K, Timofeevski SL, Wang T, Wilhite DM. Synthesis and SAR of 4-substituted-2-aminopyrimidines as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2099-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Shin Y, Chen W, Habel J, Duckett D, Ling YY, Koenig M, He Y, Vojkovsky T, LoGrasso P, Kamenecka TM. Synthesis and SAR of piperazine amides as novel c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3344-7. [PMID: 19433357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors were designed and developed from a high-throughput-screening hit. Through the optimization of the piperazine amide 1, several potent compounds were discovered. The X-ray crystal structure of 4g showed a unique binding mode different from other well known JNK3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youseung Shin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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38
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De SK, Chen LH, Stebbins JL, Machleidt T, Riel-Mehan M, Dahl R, Chen V, Yuan H, Barile E, Emdadi A, Murphy R, Pellecchia M. Discovery of 2-(5-nitrothiazol-2-ylthio)benzo[d]thiazoles as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2712-7. [PMID: 19282190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 2-thioether-benzothiazoles has been synthesized and evaluated for JNK inhibition. The SAR studies led to the discovery of potent, allosteric JNK inhibitors with selectivity against p38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya K De
- Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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39
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Gil C, Bräse S. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Biologically Active Benzoannelated Nitrogen Heterocycles: An Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 11:175-97. [DOI: 10.1021/cc800102t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Gil
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH) and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH) and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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40
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Gamell C, Osses N, Bartrons R, Rückle T, Camps M, Rosa JL, Ventura F. BMP2 induction of actin cytoskeleton reorganization and cell migration requires PI3-kinase and Cdc42 activity. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:3960-70. [PMID: 19001503 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.031286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are potent regulators of several cellular events. We report that exposure of C2C12 cells to BMP2 leads to an increase in cell migration and a rapid rearrangement of the actin filaments into cortical protrusions. These effects required independent and parallel activation of the Cdc42 small GTPase and the alpha-isoform of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kalpha), because ectopic expression of a dominant-negative form of Cdc42 or distinct pharmacological PI3K inhibitors abrogated these responses. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BMP2 activates different group I and group II PAK isoforms as well as LIMK1 with similar kinetics to Cdc42 or PI3K activation. BMP2 activation of PAK and LIMK1, measured by either kinase activity or with antibodies raised against phosphorylated residues at their activation loops, were abolished by blocking PI3K-signaling pathways. Together, these findings suggest that Cdc42 and PI3K signals emanating from BMP receptors are involved in specific regulation of actin assembly and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gamell
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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41
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Grange RL, Ziogas J, North AJ, Angus JA, Schiesser CH. Selenosartans: Novel selenophene analogues of milfasartan and eprosartan. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1241-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Jiang R, Duckett D, Chen W, Habel J, Ling YY, LoGrasso P, Kamenecka TM. 3,5-Disubstituted quinolines as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6378-82. [PMID: 17911023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structure-based design and synthesis of a novel series of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors with selectivity against p38 is reported. The unique structure of 3,5-disubstituted quinolines (2) was developed from the previously reported 4-(2,7-phenanthrolin-9-yl)phenol (1). The X-ray crystal structure of 16a in JNK3 reveals an unexpected binding mode for this new scaffold with protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 5353 Parkside Drive, RF-2, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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43
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Bogoyevitch MA, Arthur PG. Inhibitors of c-Jun N-terminal kinases: JuNK no more? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2007; 1784:76-93. [PMID: 17964301 PMCID: PMC7185448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) have been the subject of intense interest since their discovery in the early 1990s. Major research programs have been directed to the screening and/or design of JNK-selective inhibitors and testing their potential as drugs. We begin this review by considering the first commercially-available JNK ATP-competitive inhibitor, SP600125. We focus on recent studies that have evaluated the actions of SP600125 in lung, brain, kidney and liver following exposure to a range of stress insults including ischemia/reperfusion. In many but not all cases, SP600125 administration has proved beneficial. JNK activation can also follow infection, and we next consider recent examples that demonstrate the benefits of SP600125 administration in viral infection. Additional ATP-competitive JNK inhibitors have now been described following high throughput screening of small molecule libraries, but information on their use in biological systems remains limited and thus these inhibitors will require further evaluation. Peptide substrate-competitive ATP-non-competitive inhibitors of JNK have also now been described, and we discuss the recent advances in the use of JNK inhibitory peptides in the treatment of neuronal death, diabetes and viral infection. We conclude by raising a number of questions that should be considered in the quest for JNK-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Bogoyevitch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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44
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Burova SA, Davis R, Fitzgerald RN, Johnson BS, Matsuoka RT. General Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 2‐Methylbenzimidazoles from Ketones and 2‐Aminoacetanilide. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701542996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A. Burova
- a Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina
| | - Roman Davis
- a Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina
| | - Russ N. Fitzgerald
- a Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina
| | - Byron S. Johnson
- a Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina
| | - Richard T. Matsuoka
- a Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina
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45
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Ijjaali I, Petitet F, Dubus E, Barberan O, Michel A. Assessing potency of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) inhibitors using 2D molecular descriptors and binary QSAR methodology. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4256-64. [PMID: 17451961 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
JNK3 signaling pathway is gaining interest due to its involvement in many neurological disorders. The purpose of this study was to explore for the first time the use of a large and diverse dataset in combination with binary QSAR methodology for predicting JNK3 activity class. Data were extracted from Aureus Pharma' AurSCOPE Kinase knowledge database and active or inactive classes were assigned to ligands based on IC50 biological activity. Two sets of 2D molecular descriptors (P_VSA and BCUT) were used to build models using different biological activity thresholds. The design of the models was preceded by the evaluation of the chemical space covered by the datasets and an assessment of its chemical diversity. The best model was found using a 100 nM IC50 threshold with surface-based P_VSA descriptors. This binary QSAR model reached an overall accuracy of 98% and a leave-one-out cross-validated accuracy of 94%. Most relevant descriptors were found to encode size and hydrophobic interactions. These derived models can be useful for screening chemical libraries in the search for new JNK3 inhibitors.
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46
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Sweeney SE, Firestein GS. Mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitors: where are we now and where are we going? Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 65 Suppl 3:iii83-8. [PMID: 17038480 PMCID: PMC1798373 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.058388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Orally bioavailable compounds that target key intracellular signalling molecules are receiving increasing attention for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. The mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases are especially attractive because they regulate both cytokine production and cytokine action. The MAP kinases are expressed and activated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium. Preclinical studies using MAP kinase inhibitors are very effective in animal models of arthritis, supporting their potential utility in human disease. Although the available data suggest a rationale for MAP kinase blockade, development of drugs has been hampered by toxicity and limited efficacy. Alternative strategies, such as targeting other kinases in the cascade or development of allosteric inhibitors have been proposed. These approaches might permit effective use of MAP kinase inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatic and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Sweeney
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Mail Code 0656, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0656, USA.
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47
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Chapter 17 MAP Kinase Inhibitors in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(07)42017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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48
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Shaikh AR, Ismael M, Del Carpio CA, Tsuboi H, Koyama M, Endou A, Kubo M, Broclawik E, Miyamoto A. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3 D-QSAR) and docking studies on (benzothiazole-2-yl) acetonitrile derivatives as c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3 (JNK3) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5917-25. [PMID: 16989998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Revised: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 06/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models were developed for 44 (benzothiazole-2-yl) acetonitrile derivatives, inhibiting c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3 (JNK3). It includes molecular field analysis (MFA) and receptor surface analysis (RSA). The QSAR model was developed using 34 compounds and its predictive ability was assessed using a test set of 10 compounds. The predictive 3D-QSAR models have conventional r2 values of 0.849 and 0.766 for MFA and RSA, respectively; while the cross-validated coefficient r(cv)2 values of 0.616 and 0.605 for MFA and RSA, respectively. The results of the QSAR model were further compared with a structure-based analysis using docking studies with crystal structure of JNK3. Ligands bind in the ATP pocket and the hydrogen bond with GLN155 was found to be crucial for selectivity among other kinases. The results of 3D-QSAR and docking studies validate each other and hence, the combination of both methodologies provides a powerful tool directed to the design of novel and selective JNK3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rajjak Shaikh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1302 Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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49
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Szczepankiewicz BG, Kosogof C, Nelson LTJ, Liu G, Liu B, Zhao H, Serby MD, Xin Z, Liu M, Gum RJ, Haasch DL, Wang S, Clampit JE, Johnson EF, Lubben TH, Stashko MA, Olejniczak ET, Sun C, Dorwin SA, Haskins K, Abad-Zapatero C, Fry EH, Hutchins CW, Sham HL, Rondinone CM, Trevillyan JM. Aminopyridine-based c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors with cellular activity and minimal cross-kinase activity. J Med Chem 2006; 49:3563-80. [PMID: 16759099 DOI: 10.1021/jm060199b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK-1, -2, and -3) are members of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase family of enzymes. They are activated in response to certain cytokines, as well as by cellular stresses including chemotoxins, peroxides, and irradiation. They have been implicated in the pathology of a variety of different diseases with an inflammatory component including asthma, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this work, high-throughput screening identified a JNK inhibitor with an excellent kinase selectivity profile. Using X-ray crystallography and biochemical screening to guide our lead optimization, we prepared compounds with inhibitory potencies in the low-double-digit nanomolar range, activity in whole cells, and pharmacokinetics suitable for in vivo use. The new compounds were over 1,000-fold selective for JNK-1 and -2 over other MAP kinases including ERK2, p38alpha, and p38delta and showed little inhibitory activity against a panel of 74 kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Szczepankiewicz
- Metabolic Disease Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Discovery Organization, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6098, USA.
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50
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Zhao H, Serby MD, Xin Z, Szczepankiewicz BG, Liu M, Kosogof C, Liu B, Nelson LTJ, Johnson EF, Wang S, Pederson T, Gum RJ, Clampit JE, Haasch DL, Abad-Zapatero C, Fry EH, Rondinone C, Trevillyan JM, Sham HL, Liu G. Discovery of Potent, Highly Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Pyridine Carboxamide c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4455-8. [PMID: 16854050 DOI: 10.1021/jm060465l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
C-Jun NH2 terminal kinases (JNKs) are important cell signaling enzymes. JNK1 plays a central role in linking obesity and insulin resistance. JNK2 and JNK3 may be involved in inflammatory and neurological disorders, respectively. Small-molecule JNK inhibitors could be valuable tools to study the therapeutic benefits of inhibiting these enzymes and as leads for potential drugs targeting JNKs. In this report, we disclose a series of potent and highly selective JNK inhibitors with good pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhao
- Metabolic Disease Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6098, USA.
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