1
|
Abdulwahab MK, Tan KH, Dzulkeflee R, Leong KH, Heh CH, Ariffin A. In-silico Studies of the Antiproliferative Activity of New Anilinoquinazoline Derivatives Against NSCLC Cells. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
2
|
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel triazolyl 4-anilinoquinazolines as anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
3
|
Jiménez J, Sabbadin D, Cuzzolin A, Martínez-Rosell G, Gora J, Manchester J, Duca J, De Fabritiis G. PathwayMap: Molecular Pathway Association with Self-Normalizing Neural Networks. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:1172-1181. [PMID: 30586501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery suffers from high attrition because compounds initially deemed as promising can later show ineffectiveness or toxicity resulting from a poor understanding of their activity profile. In this work, we describe a deep self-normalizing neural network model for the prediction of molecular pathway association and evaluate its performance, showing an AUC ranging from 0.69 to 0.91 on a set of compounds extracted from ChEMBL and from 0.81 to 0.83 on an external data set provided by Novartis. We finally discuss the applicability of the proposed model in the domain of lead discovery. A usable application is available via PlayMolecule.org .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Jiménez
- Computational Science Laboratory , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Davide Sabbadin
- Computational Science Laboratory , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Alberto Cuzzolin
- Acellera , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) , Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gerard Martínez-Rosell
- Acellera , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) , Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jacob Gora
- Global Discovery Chemistry , Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , 250 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustr. 9 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - John Manchester
- Global Discovery Chemistry , Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , 250 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - José Duca
- Global Discovery Chemistry , Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , 250 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Gianni De Fabritiis
- Computational Science Laboratory , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain.,Acellera , Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) , Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08003 , Barcelona , Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) , Passeig Lluis Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehrabi M, Mahdiuni H, Rasouli H, Mansouri K, Shahlaei M, Khodarahmi R. Comparative experimental/theoretical studies on the EGFR dimerization under the effect of EGF/EGF analogues binding: Highlighting the importance of EGF/EGFR interactions at site III interface. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:401-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
5
|
Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of quinazoline-2,4,6-triamine and 2,6-diaminoquinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
6
|
Kitamura S, Owensby A, Wall D, Wolan DW. Lipoprotein Signal Peptidase Inhibitors with Antibiotic Properties Identified through Design of a Robust In Vitro HT Platform. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:301-308.e12. [PMID: 29337186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As resistance to antibiotics increases, the exploration of new targets and strategies to combat pathogenic bacteria becomes more urgent. Ideal protein targets are required for viability across many species, are unique to prokaryotes to limit effects on the host, and have robust assays to quantitate activity and identify inhibitors. Lipoprotein signal peptidase (Lsp) is a transmembrane aspartyl protease required for lipoprotein maturation and comprehensively fits these criteria. Here, we have developed the first in vitro high-throughput assay to monitor proteolysis by Lsp. We employed our high-throughput screen assay against 646,275 compounds to discover inhibitors of Lsp and synthesized a range of analogs to generate molecules with nanomolar half maximal inhibitory concentration values. Importantly, our inhibitors are effective in preventing the growth of E. coli cultures in the presence of outer-membrane permeabilizer PMBN and should facilitate development of antibacterial agents with a novel mechanism of action to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Kitamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anna Owensby
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daniel Wall
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Dennis W Wolan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effendi N, Ogawa K, Mishiro K, Takarada T, Yamada D, Kitamura Y, Shiba K, Maeda T, Odani A. Synthesis and evaluation of radioiodinated 1-{2-[5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl}piperidin-4-amine derivatives for platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5576-5585. [PMID: 28838832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and it is upregulated in various malignant tumors. Radiolabeled PDGFRβ inhibitors can be a convenient tool for the imaging of tumors overexpressing PDGFRβ. In this study, [125I]-1-{5-iodo-2-[5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl]quinoline-8-yl}piperidin-4-amine ([125I]IIQP) and [125I]-N-3-iodobenzoyl-1-{2-[5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl}-piperidin-4-amine ([125I]IB-IQP) were designed and synthesized, and their potential as PDGFRβ imaging agents was evaluated. In cellular uptake experiments, [125I]IIQP and [125I]IB-IQP showed higher uptake by PDGFRβ-positive cells than by PDGFRβ-negative cells, and the uptake in PDGFRβ-positive cells was inhibited by co-culture with PDGFRβ ligands. The biodistribution of both radiotracers in normal mice exhibited hepatobiliary excretion as the main route. In mice inoculated with BxPC3-luc (PDGFRβ-positive), the tumor uptake of radioactivity at 1h after the injection of [125I]IIQP was significantly higher than that after the injection of [125I]IB-IQP. These results indicated that [125I]IIQP can be a suitable PDGFRβ imaging agent. However, further modification of its structure will be required to obtain a more appropriate PDGFRβ-targeted imaging agent with a higher signal/noise ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurmaya Effendi
- Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urip Sumiharjo KM. 10, Makassar 90-231, Indonesia
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Kanazawa University, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mishiro
- Kanazawa University, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Regenerative Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Regenerative Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata-ken, 956-8603, Japan
| | - Yoji Kitamura
- Kanazawa University, Advanced Science Research Centre, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiba
- Kanazawa University, Advanced Science Research Centre, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takehiko Maeda
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata-ken, 956-8603, Japan
| | - Akira Odani
- Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li F, Lu L, Liu P. Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of o-Aminobenzamides with the Activation of Methanol as a C1 Source for the Construction of Quinazolinones. Org Lett 2016; 18:2580-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
10
|
Tran AT, Wen D, West NP, Baker EN, Britton WJ, Payne RJ. Inhibition studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU). Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:8113-26. [PMID: 24158720 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41896k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Peptidoglycan is an essential component of the cell wall of bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that provides structural strength and rigidity to enable internal osmotic pressure to be withstood. The first committed step in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan involves the formation of uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) from uridine triphosphate (UTP) and GlcNAc-1-phosphate. This reaction is catalysed by N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU), a bifunctional enzyme with two independent active sites that possess acetyltransferase and uridyltransferase activities. Herein, we report the first inhibition study targeted against the uridyltransferase activity of M. tuberculosis GlmU. A number of potential inhibitors were initially prepared leading to the discovery of active aminoquinazoline-based compounds. The most potent inhibitor in this series exhibited an IC50 of 74 μM against GlmU uridyltransferase activity and serves as a promising starting point for the discovery of more potent inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thu Tran
- School of Chemistry, Building F11. and The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hirata M, Kanai Y, Naka S, Yoshimoto M, Kagawa S, Matsumuro K, Katsuma H, Yamaguchi H, Magata Y, Ohmomo Y. A useful EGFR-TK ligand for tumor diagnosis with SPECT: development of radioiodinated 6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)-7-ethoxy-4-(3'-iodophenoxy)quinazoline. Ann Nucl Med 2013; 27:431-43. [PMID: 23494210 PMCID: PMC3672506 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-013-0703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) represents an attractive target for tumor diagnosis agents. Previously, radioiodinated 4-(3-iodophenoxy)-6,7-diethoxyquinazoline (PHY) was reported to possess good characteristics as a tumor imaging agent. We have explored the feasibility of developing tumor diagnosis ligands superior to radioiodinated PHY. METHODS New phenoxyquinazoline derivatives were designed with various side chains introduced to the 6th position of PHY. The IC50 values of the new derivatives to interrupt EGFR-TK phosphorylation were evaluated and compared to well-known EGFR-TK inhibitors. Tumor uptake studies of the new (125)I-labeled derivatives were conducted with A431 tumor-bearing mice. Selectivity and binding characteristics were analyzed by in vitro blocking studies and a binding assay. Furthermore, SPECT/CT scans were performed using A431 tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS Six quinazoline derivatives were designed and synthesized, and among these, 6a-d were found to have relatively high EGFR-TK inhibitory potency. In tumor uptake studies, [(125)I]6a ([(125)I]PYK) was found to have the highest tumor uptake and longest retention in tumors. In contrast, [(125)I]PYK was rapidly cleared from peripheral tissues, resulting in a high tumor-to-tissue ratio 24 h after injection. Moreover, the EGFR-TK selectivity of [(125)I]PYK was confirmed by pretreatment experiments with specific EGFR-TK inhibitors. Furthermore, [(125)I]PYK provided clear SPECT images of tumors. CONCLUSIONS Radioiodinated PYK, one of the newly synthesized quinazoline derivatives, was found to be a desirable ligand for EGFR-TK SPECT imaging. [(125)I]PYK showed high tumor accumulation and selective EGFR-TK binding and also succeeded in delivering high contrast imaging of tumors. These favorable characteristics of [(125)I]PYK suggest that the (123)I-labeled counterpart, [(123)I]PYK, would have great potential for diagnostic SPECT tumor imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Hirata
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
| | - Yasukazu Kanai
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sadahiro Naka
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yoshimoto
- Functional Imaging Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Chiba Kashiwa, 277-8577 Japan
| | - Shinya Kagawa
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
- Research Institute, Shiga Medical Center 5-4-30 Moriyama, Shiga Moriyama, 524-8524 Japan
| | - Keiji Matsumuro
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Katsuma
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Applied Medical Photonics Laboratory, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Magata
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Applied Medical Photonics Laboratory, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ohmomo
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Osaka Takatsuki, 569-1094 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sicard R, Dhuguru J, Liu W, Patel N, Landgraf R, Wilson JN. A fluorescent reporter of ATP binding-competent receptor kinases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5532-5. [PMID: 22868229 PMCID: PMC8087213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ERBB receptor kinases play a crucial role in normal development and cancer malignancies. A broad range of modifications creates receptor subpopulations with distinct functional properties in live cells. Their apparent activation state, typically assayed by tyrosine phosphorylation of substrates, reflects a complex equilibrium of competing reactions. With the aim of developing optical tools to investigate ERBB populations and their state of activation, we have synthesized a fluorescent 'turn-on' probe, DMAQ, targeting the ERBB ATP binding pocket. Upon binding, probe emission increases due to the hydrophobic environment and restricted geometry of the ERBB2 kinase domain, facilitating the analysis of receptor states at low occupancy and without the removal of unbound probes. Cellular ERBB2 autophosphorylation is inhibited with saturation kinetics that correlate with the increase in probe fluorescence. Thus, DMAQ is an example of a new generation of 'turn-on' probes with potential applications in querying receptor kinase populations both in vitro and in live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Sicard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101-6129, United States
| | - Jyothi Dhuguru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33124, United States
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101-6129, United States
| | - Nirav Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101-6129, United States
| | - Ralf Landgraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101-6129, United States
| | - James N. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33124, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase possesses both tumour suppressor and oncogenic activities. Thus pharmacological agents are needed to help elucidate ErbB4 functions. However, limitations of existing ErbB4 agonists and antagonists have led us to seek novel ErbB4 antagonists. The Q43L mutant of the ErbB4 agonist NRG2β (neuregulin 2β) stimulates ErbB4 tyrosine phosphorylation, yet fails to stimulate ErbB4 coupling to cell proliferation. Thus in the present paper we hypothesize that NRG2β/Q43L may be an ErbB4 antagonist. NRG2β/Q43L competitively antagonizes agonist stimulation of ErbB4 coupling to cell proliferation. NRG2β/Q43L stimulates less ErbB4 tyrosine phosphorylation than does NRG2β. In addition, NRG2β stimulation of cell proliferation requires PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) activity and NRG2β stimulates greater Akt phosphorylation than does NRG2β/Q43L. Moreover, EGFR [EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor] kinase activity (but not that of ErbB4) is critical for coupling ErbB4 to proliferation. Experiments utilizing ErbB4 splicing isoforms and mutants suggest that NRG2β and NRG2β/Q43L may differentially stimulate ErbB4 coupling to the transcriptional co-regulator YAP (Yes-associated protein). Finally, NRG2β/Q43L competitively antagonizes agonist stimulation of EGFR and ErbB2/ErbB3, indicating that NRG2β/Q43L is a pan-ErbB antagonist. Thus we postulate that NRG2β/Q43L and other antagonistic ligands stimulate ErbB tyrosine phosphorylation on a set of residues distinct from that stimulated by agonists, thus suggesting a novel mechanism of ErbB receptor regulation. Moreover, NRG2β/Q43L and related ligand-based antagonists establish a paradigm for the discovery of anti-ErbB therapeutics.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wilson KJ, Mill C, Lambert S, Buchman J, Wilson TR, Hernandez-Gordillo V, Gallo RM, Ades LMC, Settleman J, Riese DJ. EGFR ligands exhibit functional differences in models of paracrine and autocrine signaling. Growth Factors 2012; 30:107-16. [PMID: 22260327 PMCID: PMC3962550 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2011.649918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) family peptides are ligands for the EGF receptor (EGFR). Here, we elucidate functional differences among EGFR ligands and mechanisms underlying these distinctions. In 32D/EGFR myeloid and MCF10A breast cells, soluble amphiregulin (AR), transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), neuregulin 2 beta, and epigen stimulate greater EGFR coupling to cell proliferation and DNA synthesis than do EGF, betacellulin, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, and epiregulin. EGF competitively antagonizes AR, indicating that its functional differences reflect dissimilar intrinsic activity at EGFR. EGF stimulates much greater phosphorylation of EGFR Tyr1045 than does AR. Moreover, the EGFR Y1045F mutation and z-cbl dominant-negative mutant of the c-cbl ubiquitin ligase potentiate the effect of EGF but not of AR. Both EGF and AR stimulate phosphorylation of EGFR Tyr992. However, the EGFR Y992F mutation and phospholipase C gamma inhibitor U73122 reduce the effect of AR much more than that of EGF. Expression of TGFα in 32D/EGFR cells causes greater EGFR coupling to cell proliferation than does expression of EGF. Moreover, expression of EGF in 32D/EGFR cells causes these cells to be largely refractory to stimulation with soluble EGF. Thus, EGFR ligands are functionally distinct in models of paracrine and autocrine signaling and EGFR coupling to biological responses may be specified by competition among functionally distinct EGFR ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristy J Wilson
- Purdue University College of Pharmacy, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2064, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Synthesis and evaluation of radioiodinated phenoxyquinazoline and benzylaminoquinazoline derivatives as new EGF receptor tyrosine kinase imaging ligands for tumor diagnosis using SPECT. Ann Nucl Med 2012; 26:381-9. [PMID: 22354330 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-012-0583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) represents an attractive target for tumor diagnosis agents. Previously, the radioiodinated 4-(3-iodoanilino)-6,7-diethoxyquinazoline ([(125)I]m-IPQ) has been reported to possess good characteristics as a tumor imaging agent; however, it was also found to have low in vivo stability. To improve the in vivo stability, m-IPQ derivatives, 4-(3-iodophenoxy)-6,7-diethoxyquinazoline (PHY) and 4-(3-iodobenzylamino)-6,7-diethoxyquinazoline (BAY) were designed and synthesized, and the biological studies of [(125)I]PHY and [(125)I]BAY were performed to evaluate these new ligands as in vivo tumor diagnosis agents. METHODS PHY and BAY were synthesized according to previous reports. The EGFR-TK inhibitory potency of these new compounds was measured and compared to other EGFR-TK inhibitors. Radiolabeled [(125)I]PHY and [(125)I]BAY were synthesized by an iododestannylation reaction. Biodistribution studies of these radioligands were conducted in normal mice and tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, selectivity and binding characteristics of [(125)I]PHY were analyzed by in vitro blocking studies and a binding assay. RESULTS The new derivatives were found to have high inhibitory potency against EGFR-TK (PHY: IC50 = 12.7 ± 7.2 nM, BAY: IC50 = 51.0 ± 8.9 nM). [(125)I]PHY and [(125)I]BAY were conveniently synthesized from tributylstannyl precursors. In in vivo biodistribution studies, [(125)I]PHY and [(125)I]BAY were observed to have lower uptake in the stomach, an indication of deiodination, than [(125)I]m-IPQ. Moreover, [(125)I]PHY showed high uptake and prolonged retention in tumors and low accumulation in blood and muscle tissue resulting in a good tumor-to-blood ratio (0.94-1.50) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (1.02-1.95). The EGFR-TK selectivity of [(125)I]PHY was confirmed by pretreatment experiments with specific EGFR-TK inhibitors. CONCLUSION New radioiodinated quinazoline derivatives were synthesized, which were found to have improved in vivo stability. In particular, [(125)I]PHY showed higher tumor accumulation than the other ligands which was indicative of selective binding to EGFR-TK. These desirable characteristics for [(125)I]PHY suggest that the (123)I-labeled counterpart, [(123)I]PHY, could be a possible candidate for cancer diagnosis radiopharmaceutical.
Collapse
|
16
|
Gupta AK, Bhunia SS, Balaramnavar VM, Saxena AK. Pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking and virtual screening for EGFR (HER 1) tyrosine kinase inhibitors. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2011; 22:239-263. [PMID: 21400356 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2010.548830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A pharmacophore model has been developed using diverse classes of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors useful in the treatment of human tumours. Among the top 10 generated hypotheses, the second hypothesis, with one hydrogen bond acceptor, one ring aromatic and three hydrophobic features, was found to be the best on the basis of Cat Scramble validation as well as test set prediction (r(training) = 0.89, r(test) = 0.82). The model also maps well to the external test set molecules as well as clinically active molecules and corroborates the docking studies. Finally, 10 hits were identified as potential leads after virtual screening of ZINC database for EGFR TK inhibition. The study may facilitate the designing and discovery of novel EGFR TK inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Gupta
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vasdev N, Dorff PN, O'Neil JP, Chin FT, Hanrahan S, VanBrocklin HF. Metabolic stability of 6,7-dialkoxy-4-(2-, 3- and 4-[18F]fluoroanilino)quinazolines, potential EGFR imaging probes. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:2959-65. [PMID: 21478021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), upregulated in many tumor types, have been a target for therapeutic development and molecular imaging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and metabolic characteristics of fluorine-18 labeled anilinoquinazolines as potential imaging agents for EGFR tyrosine kinase expression. Fluorine-18 labeled fluoronitrobenzenes were prepared by reaction of potassium cryptand [(18)F]fluoride with 1,2- and 1,4-dinitrobenzenes, and 3-nitro-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium triflate in 5min. Decay-corrected radiochemical yields of [(18)F]fluoride incorporation into the nitro-aromatic compounds were 81±2%, 44±4% and 77±5% (n=3-5) for the 2-, 3- and 4-fluoro isomers, respectively. Sodium borohydride reduction to the corresponding [(18)F]fluoroanilines was achieved with greater than 80% conversion in 5min. Coupling of [(18)F]fluoroaniline-hydrochlorides to 6,7-dimethoxy-4-chloro-quinazoline gave the corresponding 6,7-dimethoxy-4-(2-, 3- and 4-[(18)F]fluoroanilino)quinazolines in 31±5%, 17±2% and 55±2% radiochemical yield, respectively, while coupling to the 6,7-diethoxy-4-chloro-quinazoline produced 6,7-diethoxy-4-(2-, 3- and 4-[(18)F]fluoroanilino)quinazolines in 19±6%, 9±3% and 36±6% radiochemical yield, respectively, in 90min to end of synthesis from [(18)F]fluoride. Biodistribution of 2- and 4-[(18)F]fluoroanilinoquinazolines was conducted in tumor-bearing mice (MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 xenografts). Low tumor uptake (<1% injected dose per gram (ID/g) of tissue up to 3h postinjection of the radiotracers) was observed. High bone uptake (5-15% ID/g) was noted with the 4-[(18)F]fluoroanilinoquinazolines. The metabolic stabilities of radiolabeled quinazolines were further evaluated by incubation with human female cryopreserved isolated hepatocytes. Rapid degeneration of the 4-fluoro-substituted compounds to baseline polar metabolites was observed by radio-TLC, whereas, the 2- and 3-[(18)F]fluoroaniline derivatives were significantly more stable, up to 2h, corroborating the in vivo biodistribution studies. para-Substituted [(18)F]fluoroanilines, a common structural motif in radiopharmaceuticals, are highly susceptible to metabolic degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Vasdev
- Department of Radiotracer Development and Imaging Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Evaluation of radioiodinated quinazoline derivative as a new ligand for EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity using SPECT. Ann Nucl Med 2010; 25:117-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-010-0432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Garofalo A, Goossens L, Baldeyrou B, Lemoine A, Ravez S, Six P, David-Cordonnier MH, Bonte JP, Depreux P, Lansiaux A, Goossens JF. Design, synthesis, and DNA-binding of N-alkyl(anilino)quinazoline derivatives. J Med Chem 2010; 53:8089-103. [PMID: 21033670 DOI: 10.1021/jm1009605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
New N-alkylanilinoquinazoline derivatives 5, 12, 20, and 22 have been prepared from 4-chloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline 3, 4-chloro-6,7-methylenedioxyquinazoline 19, and commercially available anilines. Differents classes of compounds substituted by an aryloxygroup (6a-c, 16a,b, and 17a,b), (aminophenyl)ureas (12a,b and 13a-f), anilines (4a-m, 20a,b), N-alkyl(aniline) (5a-m, 21a,b, 22a,d), and N-aminoalkyl(aniline) (22e-g) have been synthesized. These molecules were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities and as potential DNA intercalating agents. We studied the strength and mode of binding to DNA of these molecules by DNA melting temperature measurements, fluorescence emission, and circular dichroism. The results of various spectral and gel electrophoresis techniques obtained with the different compounds, in particular compounds 5g and 22f, revealed significant DNA interaction. These experiments confirm that the N-aminoalkyl(anilino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline nucleus is an efficient pharmacophore to trigger binding to DNA, via an intercalative binding process.
Collapse
|
20
|
Pisaneschi F, Nguyen QD, Shamsaei E, Glaser M, Robins E, Kaliszczak M, Smith G, Spivey AC, Aboagye EO. Development of a new epidermal growth factor receptor positron emission tomography imaging agent based on the 3-cyanoquinoline core: synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6634-45. [PMID: 20797871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/c-ErbB1/HER1) is overexpressed in many cancers including breast, ovarian, endometrial, and non-small cell lung cancer. An EGFR specific imaging agent could facilitate clinical evaluation of primary tumors and/or metastases. To achieve this goal we designed and synthesized a small array of fluorine containing compounds based on a 3-cyanoquinoline core. A lead compound, 16, incorporating 2'-fluoroethyl-1,2,3-triazole was selected for evaluation as a radioligand based on its high affinity for EGFR kinase (IC50=1.81+/-0.18 nM), good cellular potency (IC50=21.97+/-9.06 nM), low lipophilicity and good metabolic stability. 'Click' labeling afforded [18F]16 in 37.0+/-3.6% decay corrected radiochemical yield based on azide [18F]14 and 7% end of synthesis (EOS) yield from aqueous fluoride. Compound [18F]16 was obtained with >99% radiochemical purity in a total synthesis time of 3 h. The compound showed good stability in vivo and a fourfold higher uptake in high EGFR expressing A431 tumor xenografts compared to low EGFR expressing HCT116 tumor xenografts. Furthermore, the radiotracer could be visualized in A431 tumor bearing mice by small animal PET imaging. Compound [18F]16 therefore constitutes a promising radiotracer for further evaluation for imaging of EGFR status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pisaneschi
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan SJ, Zheng H, Huang C, Yan YY, Lin J. Synthesis of highly functionalized 2,4-diaminoquinazolines as anticancer and anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4432-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
22
|
Gilmore JL, Gonterman RM, Menon K, Lorch G, Riese DJ, Robling A, Foley J. Reconstitution of amphiregulin-epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in lung squamous cell carcinomas activates PTHrP gene expression and contributes to cancer-mediated diseases of the bone. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:1714-28. [PMID: 19825997 PMCID: PMC2784013 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is the causative factor of the paraneoplastic syndrome humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) and it also contributes to osteolytic metastases, both of which are common complications of squamous carcinomas of the lung. Inhibition of autocrine epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling has been shown to reduce plasma calcium and PTHrP concentrations in two lung squamous cell carcinoma xenograft models of HHM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which EGFR is activated and stimulates PTHrP gene expression in lung squamous carcinoma cell lines. Amphiregulin (AREG) was the only EGFR ligand that could be consistently detected in conditioned media from the SCC lines, and reduction of its expression either by siRNA or by precipitating antibody reduced PTHrP mRNA expression as effectively as EGFR-targeted inhibition. Using siRNA knockdown or inhibitors to upstream regulators of AREG shedding including TACE, Src/Lck, and G(i/o), also reduced PTHrP mRNA expression. We determined that blockade of autocrine AREG-EGFR signaling does not affect PTHrP mRNA stability. Of the three PTHrP promoters (P1, P2, and P3), P1 mRNA could be reduced by nearly 100% with an EGFR inhibitor, and both epidermal growth factor and AREG stimulated P1 mRNA by approximately 5-fold. Finally, ectopic expression of EGFR in a receptor-low but AREG-expressing cell line increased PTHrP mRNA levels in vitro, and induced the capability to cause HHM and rapid osteolytic growth in vivo. Taken together, we provide evidence that AREG stimulation of EGFR results in high levels of PTHrP gene expression, contributing to cancer-associated bone pathology.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amphiregulin
- Animals
- Autocrine Communication/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Bone Neoplasms/secondary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/physiopathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- EGF Family of Proteins
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/genetics
- Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA Stability/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Gilmore
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Ryan M. Gonterman
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Keshav Menon
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Gwendolen Lorch
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - David J. Riese
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Alex Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - John Foley
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
La Motta C, Sartini S, Tuccinardi T, Nerini E, Da Settimo F, Martinelli A. Computational studies of epidermal growth factor receptor: docking reliability, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis, and virtual screening studies. J Med Chem 2009; 52:964-75. [PMID: 19170633 DOI: 10.1021/jm800829v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An aberrant activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to be related to many human cancers, such as breast and liver cancers, thus making EGFR an attractive target for antitumor drug discovery. In this study we evaluated the reliability of various kinds of docking software and procedures to predict the binding disposition of EGFR inhibitors. By application of the best procedure and use of more than 200 compounds, a receptor-based 3D-QSAR model for EGFR inhibition was developed. On the basis of the results obtained, the possibility of developing virtual screening studies was also evaluated. The VS procedure that proved to be the most reliable from a computational point of view was then used to filter the Maybridge database in order to identify new EGFR inhibitors. Enzymatic assays revealed that among the eight top-scoring compounds, seven proved to inhibit EGFR activity at a concentration of 100 microM, two of them exhibiting IC(50) values in the low micromolar range and one in the nanomolar range. These results demonstrate the validity of the methodologies followed. Furthermore, the two low micromolar compounds may be considered as very interesting leads for the development of new EGFR inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concettina La Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mankoff DA, Link JM, Linden HM, Sundararajan L, Krohn KA. Tumor receptor imaging. J Nucl Med 2008; 49 Suppl 2:149S-63S. [PMID: 18523071 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.107.045963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor receptors play an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor growth and have been some of the earliest targets for tumor-specific therapy, for example, the estrogen receptor in breast cancer. Knowledge of receptor expression is key for therapy directed at tumor receptors and traditionally has been obtained by assay of biopsy material. Tumor receptor imaging offers complementary information that includes evaluation of the entire tumor burden and characterization of the heterogeneity of tumor receptor expression. The nature of the ligand-receptor interaction poses a challenge for imaging--notably, the requirement for a low molecular concentration of the imaging probe to avoid saturating the receptor and increasing the background because of nonspecific uptake. For this reason, much of the work to date in tumor receptor imaging has been done with radionuclide probes. In this overview of tumor receptor imaging, aspects of receptor biochemistry and biology that underlie tumor receptor imaging are reviewed, with the estrogen-estrogen receptor system in breast cancer as an illustrative example. Examples of progress in radionuclide receptor imaging for 3 receptor systems--steroid receptors, somatostatin receptors, and growth factor receptors-are highlighted, and recent investigations of receptor imaging with other molecular imaging modalities are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Mankoff
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nunn AD. Molecular imaging and personalized medicine: an uncertain future. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2008; 22:722-39. [PMID: 18158763 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2007.0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration has described their view of the role that imaging will play in the approval, and perhaps postapproval, use of new therapeutic drugs. The therapeutic drug industry and regulatory authorities have turned to imaging to help them achieve better efficiency and efficacy. We must extend this initiative by demonstrating that molecular imaging can also improve the efficiency and efficacy of routine treatment with these same drugs. The role of molecular imaging in personalized medicine, using targeted drugs in oncology, is very attractive because of the regional information that it provides (in many cases, with a functional or dynamic component), which cannot be provided by in vitro methods ("regional proteomics"). There is great potential for molecular imaging to play a major role in selecting appropriate patients and providing early proof of response, which is critical to addressing the conflict between the high price of treatment and limited reimbursement budgets. This is a new venture in both molecular imaging and targeted drugs. However, there are various regulatory, financial, and practical barriers that must be overcome to achieve this aim, in addition to the normal scientific challenges of drug discovery. There is an urgent need to reduce the cost (i.e., time and money) of developing imaging agents for routine clinical use. The mismatch between the current regulations and personalized medicine includes molecular imaging and requires the engagement of the regulatory authorities to correct. Therapeutic companies must be engaged early in the development of new targeted drugs and molecular imaging agents to improve the fit between the two drug types. Clinical trials must be performed to generate data that not only shows the efficacy of imaging plus therapy in a medical sense, but also in a financial sense. Molecular imaging must be accepted as not just good science but also as central to routine patient management in the personalized medicine of the future.
Collapse
|
26
|
Fernandes C, Oliveira C, Gano L, Bourkoula A, Pirmettis I, Santos I. Radioiodination of new EGFR inhibitors as potential SPECT agents for molecular imaging of breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:3974-80. [PMID: 17449254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our search for the development of novel SPECT radioligands for EGFR positive tumours, new potentially irreversible tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors are being explored. The radioiodination of N-{4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) amino]quinazoline-6-yl}-3-bromopropionamide, a novel EGFR-TK inhibitor synthesised in our laboratory, was accomplished via halogen exchange. Purification by RP-HPLC gave [125I]-N-{4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]quinazoline-6-yl}-3-iodopropionamide with a radiochemical purity higher than 95% and a high specific activity. In vitro studies indicate that both iodinated quinazoline and its bromo precursor inhibit A431 cell growth and also possess higher potency than the parent quinazoline to inhibit the EGFR autophosphorylation. In vivo stability studies suggest metabolization of the radioiodinated quinazoline indicating a short biological half-life. The in vitro results point out that these quinazoline derivatives could be promising candidates for SPECT imaging of EGFR positive tumours provided that they are selectively modified in order to achieve better in vivo radiochemical stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Fernandes
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abourbeh G, Dissoki S, Jacobson O, Litchi A, Ben Daniel R, Laki D, Levitzki A, Mishani E. Evaluation of radiolabeled ML04, a putative irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor, as a bioprobe for PET imaging of EGFR-overexpressing tumors. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 34:55-70. [PMID: 17210462 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 10/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been implicated in tumor development and malignancy. Evaluating the degree of EGFR expression in tumors could aid in identifying patients for EGFR-targeted therapies and in monitoring treatment. Nevertheless, no currently available assay can reliably quantify receptor content in tumors. Radiolabeled inhibitors of EGFR-TK could be developed as bioprobes for positron emission tomography imaging. Such imaging agents would not only provide a noninvasive quantitative measurement of EGFR content in tumors but also serve as radionuclide carriers for targeted radiotherapy. The potency, reversibility, selectivity and specific binding characteristics of ML04, an alleged irreversible inhibitor of EGFR, were established in vitro. The distribution of the F-18-labeled compound and the extent of EGFR-specific tumor uptake were evaluated in tumor-bearing mice. ML04 demonstrated potent, irreversible and selective inhibition of EGFR, combined with specific binding to the receptor in intact cells. In vivo distribution of the radiolabeled compound revealed tumor/blood and tumor/muscle activity uptake ratios of about 7 and 5, respectively, 3 h following administration of a radiotracer. Nevertheless, only minor EGFR-specific uptake of the compound was detected in these studies, using either EGFR-negative tumors or blocking studies as controls. To improve the in vivo performance of ML04, administration via prolonged intravenous infusion is proposed. Detailed pharmacokinetic characterization of this bioprobe could assist in the development of a kinetic model that would afford accurate measurement of EGFR content in tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galith Abourbeh
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Samén E, Thorell JO, Fredriksson A, Stone-Elander S. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035: implication of labeling position on radiometabolites formed in vitro. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 33:1005-11. [PMID: 17127174 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The epidermal growth factor receptor is highly expressed in several types of cancers. Molecules with high affinity to its intracellular tyrosine kinase domain are being developed as in vivo imaging probes. The 4-anilinoquinazoline PD153035 has promising in vitro and in vivo properties for development as a reversible radioligand. Labeling it with carbon-11 in either of its two methoxy positions can potentially give rise to different radiometabolites and, consequently, different imaging capabilities. An evaluation of the radiotracers' metabolism was needed to determine the potential significance of the labeling position. METHODS PD153035 was labeled in the 6- and 7-O-methoxy positions by reacting the corresponding O-desmethyl precursors with [(11)C]methyl iodide. The two radiolabeled compounds were each incubated for 1 h with human and rat liver microsomes. At five time points, the radiolabeled metabolites were examined using radio-liquid chromatography. One metabolite was isolated and subjected to mass spectroscopic analysis. RESULTS A major polar metabolite was obtained in all incubations. Its molecular weight was consistent with an addition of oxygen, and its fragmentation was consistent with an N-oxidation rather than an aromatic hydroxylation. Regioselective 7-O-dealkylation was also observed, albeit in substantial amounts only in the assay using human microsomes. CONCLUSIONS Radiolabeling in the 7-O-methoxy position is advocated, since the labeled metabolites produced in the 7-O-demethylation are polar and probably rapidly cleared. The differences observed in the incubations with rat and human microsomes suggest that in vivo positron emission tomography studies with (11)C-labeled PD153035 in rodents may not be directly predictive for studies in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Samén
- Karolinska Pharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gilmore J, Gallo R, Riese D. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-S442F mutant displays increased affinity for neuregulin-2beta and agonist-independent coupling with downstream signalling events. Biochem J 2006; 396:79-88. [PMID: 16445385 PMCID: PMC1450006 DOI: 10.1042/bj20051687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor; ErbB1) is frequently the subject of genetic changes in human tumours which contribute to the malignant phenotype by altering EGFR signalling. Examples of such genetic changes include overexpression, extracellular domain deletions and point mutations, and small deletions in the tyrosine kinase domain. We hypothesized that a point mutation in one of the EGFR ligand-binding domains would increase the affinity of EGFR for NRG2beta (neuregulin-2beta), which is not a potent stimulus of signalling by EGFR-Wt (wild-type EGFR). This mutation would permit NRG2beta stimulation of EGFR signalling in settings in which NRG2beta does not normally do so. To test this hypothesis, we have generated and evaluated various EGFR alleles containing mutations at Val441 and Ser442. NRG2beta is a much more potent stimulus of the EGFR-S442F mutant than of EGFR-Wt. Furthermore, the affinity of NRG2beta for the EGFR-S442F mutant is greater than the affinity of NRG2beta for EGFR-Wt. Finally, the EGFR-S442F mutant constitutively suppresses apoptosis via phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Akt signalling but is not highly tyrosine phosphorylated in the absence of ligand. These results suggest that mutations in the EGFR ligand-binding domain in tumours may permit potent stimulation of EGFR signalling by ligands that are not normally potent EGFR agonists, thereby providing for a novel mechanism by which EGFR signalling may be deregulated. These results also suggest that novel EGFR mutations and signalling activities may be responsible for deregulated EGFR signalling in tumour cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Gilmore
- Purdue University School of Pharmacy and Purdue Cancer Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2064, U.S.A
| | - Richard M. Gallo
- Purdue University School of Pharmacy and Purdue Cancer Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2064, U.S.A
| | - David J. Riese
- Purdue University School of Pharmacy and Purdue Cancer Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2064, U.S.A
- To whom correspondence should be addressed, at HANS 114, 201 S. University Street, Purdue Cancer Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2064, U.S.A. (email )
| |
Collapse
|