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de Giacometi M, Mayer JCP, de Mello AB, Islabão YW, Strothmann AL, da Fonseca RN, Sena-Lopes Â, Dornelles L, Borsuk S, Hübner SDO, Oliveira CB. Activity of compounds derived from benzofuroxan in Trichomonasvaginalis. Exp Parasitol 2023; 253:108601. [PMID: 37625643 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Currently, trichomoniasis is treated with the class of nitroimidazoles, namely, metronidazole; however, resistant isolates and strains have been reported. The compounds derived from benzofuroxan are biologically active heterocycles. This study evaluated the in vitro antiparasitic activity of these compounds in trophozoites of T. vaginalis and determined the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), mortality curve, and cytotoxicity. The compounds were named EH1, EH2, EH3, and EA2 and tested in various concentrations: 100 to 15 μM (EH1 and EH2); 100 to 5 μM (EH3); and 100 to 25 μM (EA2), respectively. The greatest efficacy was observed in the highest concentrations in 24 h, with inhibition of approximately 100% of trophozoites. Compounds EH2 and EH3 had the lowest MIC: EH2 (35 μM) and EH3 (45 μM), with IC50 of 11.33 μM and 6.83 μM, respectively. Compound EA2 was effective at the highest concentrations. The activity of the compounds in T. vaginalis started in the first hour of incubation with 90% inhibition; after 12 h, inhibition >95% was observed. Compound EH1 showed the lowest activity, with the highest activity between 12 and 24 h after incubation. These results demonstrate that benzofuroxan derivatives are promising compounds for the in vitro treatment of T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie de Giacometi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - João Cândido Pilar Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, LabSelen-NanoBio, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexia Brauner de Mello
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yan Wahast Islabão
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Leites Strothmann
- Center for Technological Development, Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ângela Sena-Lopes
- Center for Technological Development, Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Dornelles
- Department of Chemistry, LabSelen-NanoBio, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sibele Borsuk
- Center for Technological Development, Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Belmonte Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Dos Santos Petry L, Pillar Mayer JC, de Giacommeti M, Teixeira de Oliveira D, Razia Garzon L, Martiele Engelmann A, Magalhães de Matos AFI, Dellaméa Baldissera M, Dornelles L, Melazzo de Andrade C, Gonzalez Monteiro S. In vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity of a benzofuroxan derivative against Trypanosoma cruzi. Exp Parasitol 2021; 226-227:108125. [PMID: 34129877 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a major public health problem and is described as one of the most neglected diseases worldwide. It affects about 6-7 million people. Currently, only two drugs are available for the treatment of this disease: nifurtimox and benznidazole. However, both drugs are highly toxic and have several side effects, which lead many patients to discontinue treatment. Moreover, these compounds show a significant curative efficacy only in the acute phase of the disease. Therefore, searching for new drugs is necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo activity of a benzofuroxan derivative (EA2) against T. cruzi, and to evaluate the hematological and biochemical changes induced by its treatment in animals infected with T. cruzi. The results were then compared with those of healthy controls. In vitro testing was first performed with T. cruzi epimastigote forms. In this experiment, EA2 was diluted at three different concentrations (0.25, 0.50, and 1%). In vitro evaluation of the trypanocidal activity was performed 24, 48, and 72 h after incubation. In vivo assays were performed using three different doses (10, 5, and 2,5 mg/kg). Mice were divided into 10 groups (five animals/group), wherein four groups comprised non-infected animals (A, G, H, I) and six groups comprised infected animals (B, C, D E, F, J). Groups B and J represented the negative and positive controls, respectively. Groups G, H, and I were used to confirm that EA2 was not toxic to non-infected animals. Parasitemia was measured in infected animals and the hematological and biochemical profiles (urea, creatinine, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated in all animals. EA2 demonstrated in vitro trypanocidal activity at all concentrations tested. Although it did not demonstrate a curative effect in vivo, EA2 was able to retard the onset of parasitemia, and significantly reduced the parasite count in groups D and E (treated with 5 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively). EA2 did not induce changes in hematological and biochemical parameters in non-infected animals, demonstrating that it is not toxic. However, further assessments should aim to confirm the safety of EA2 since this was the first in vitro and in vivo study conducted with this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Dos Santos Petry
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - João Cândido Pillar Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, LabSelen-NanoBio, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marjorie de Giacommeti
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Litiérria Razia Garzon
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Martiele Engelmann
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Analyses, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciano Dornelles
- Department of Chemistry, LabSelen-NanoBio, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Gonzalez Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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3
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The role of imidazole and benzimidazole heterocycles in Chagas disease: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 206:112692. [PMID: 32818869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The haemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) is the causative agent of Chagas disease (CD), a potentially life-threatening disease. Little by little, remarkable progress has been achieved against CD, although it is still not enough. In the absence of effective chemotherapy, many research groups, organizations and pharmaceutical companies have focused their efforts on the search for compounds that could become viable drugs against CD. Within the wide variety of reported derivatives, this review summarizes and provides a global vision of the situation of those compounds that include broadly studied heterocycles in their structures due to their applications in medicinal chemistry: imidazole and benzimidazole rings. Therefore, the intention of this work is to present a compilation, as much as possible, of all the reported information, regarding these imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives against T. cruzi, as a starting point for future researchers in this field.
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4
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Tokay E, Güngör T, Hacıoğlu N, Önder FC, Gülhan ÜG, Tok TT, Çelik A, Ay M, Köçkar F. Prodrugs for nitroreductase-based cancer therapy-3: Antitumor activity of the novel dinitroaniline prodrugs/Ssap-NtrB enzyme suicide gene system: Synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation in prostate cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 187:111937. [PMID: 31841727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Prodrugs for targeted tumor therapies have been extensively studied in recent years due to not only maximising therapeutic effects on tumor cells but also reducing or eliminating serious side effects on healthy cells. This strategy uses prodrugs which are safe for normal cells and form toxic metabolites (drugs) after selective reduction by enzymes in tumor tissues. In this study, prodrug candidates (1-36) containing nitro were designed, synthesized and characterized within the scope of chemical experiments. Drug-likeness properties of prodrug candidates were analyzed using DS 2018 to investigate undesired toxicity effects. In vitro cytotoxic effects of prodrug canditates were performed with MTT assay for human hepatoma cells (Hep3B) and prostate cancer cells (PC3) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as healthy control. Non-toxic compounds (3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21-23), and also compounds (1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11, 14, 16, 20 and 24) which had low toxic effects, were selected to examine their suitability as prodrug canditates. The reduction profiles and kinetic studies of prodrug/Ssap-NtrB combinations were performed with biochemical analyses. Then, selected prodrug/Ssap-NtrB combinations were applied to prostate cancer cells to determine toxicity. The results of theoretical, in vitro cytotoxic and biochemical studies suggest 14/Ssap-NtrB, 22/Ssap-NtrB and 24/Ssap-NtrB may be potential prodrug/enzyme combinations for nitroreductase (Ntr)-based prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Tokay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, 10145, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Güngör
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Natural Products and Drug Research Laboratory, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, 17020, Turkey
| | - Nelin Hacıoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, 10145, Turkey
| | - Ferah Cömert Önder
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Natural Products and Drug Research Laboratory, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, 17020, Turkey
| | - Ünzile Güven Gülhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Taşkın Tok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, 27310, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Çelik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Natural Products and Drug Research Laboratory, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, 17020, Turkey.
| | - Feray Köçkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, 10145, Turkey.
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One-Pot Two-Step Synthesis of 2-Aryl benzimidazole N-oxides Using Microwave Heating as a Tool. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203639. [PMID: 31600970 PMCID: PMC6832536 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A methodology is reported for the preparation of 2-aryl-benzimidazole-3-oxide derivatives. By means of a one-pot two-step protocol, a library of 42 new compounds has been prepared. Reactions were performed in a total time of 40 min using microwave heating as a tool. A streamlined work-up process was also developed, allowing for facile isolation of the products. The methodology offers a more sustainable approach than previous routes, with only water and ethanol being used as solvents, and the products being isolated by means of a simple filtration without the need for any further purification.
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6
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Identification of N-Oxide-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles as Pharmacophores for Rumen Fermentation Modifiers. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9040062. [PMID: 30986899 PMCID: PMC6523752 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Different strategies have been used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from domesticated ruminants, including the removal of protozoa (defaunation). The objective of the present work was to analyze the potential of different N-oxide-containing aromatic heterocycles with known antiprotozoal activity as rumen-gas-abating agents. Nineteen pure compounds, belonging to seven different N-oxide chemotypes from our chemo-library were studied together with monensin in an in vitro rumen simulation assay. Fermentation profiles, i.e., gas production, pH, and short carboxylic acid concentrations, were compared to an untreated control at 96 h post inoculation. In our study, we investigated whole-ruminal fluid, with and without compound treatments, by NMR spectroscopy focusing on concentrations of the metabolites acetate, propionate, butyrate, and lactate. From data analysis, three of the compounds from different N-oxide chemotypes, including quinoxaline dioxide, benzofuroxan, and methylfuroxan, were able to diminish the production of gases such as monensin with similar gas production lag times for each of them. Additionally, unlike monensin, one methylfuroxan did not decrease the rumen pH during the analyzed incubation time, shifting rumen fermentation to increase the molar concentrations of propionate and butyrate. These facts suggest interesting alternatives as feed supplements to control gas emissions from dairy ruminants.
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Chugunova EA, Samsonov VA, Gazizov AS, Burilov AR, Pudovik MA, Sinyashin OG. 2H-Benzimidazole N-oxides: synthesis, chemical properties, and biological activity. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Fonseca-Berzal C, Arán VJ, Escario JA, Gómez-Barrio A. Experimental models in Chagas disease: a review of the methodologies applied for screening compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:3367-3380. [PMID: 30232605 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the main problems of Chagas disease (CD), the parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is the lack of a completely satisfactory treatment, which is currently based on two old nitroheterocyclic drugs (i.e., nifurtimox and benznidazole) that show important limitations for treating patients. In this context, many laboratories look for alternative therapies potentially applicable to the treatment, and therefore, research in CD chemotherapy works in the design of experimental protocols for detecting molecules with activity against T. cruzi. Phenotypic assays are considered the most valuable strategy for screening these antiparasitic compounds. Among them, in vitro experiments are the first step to test potential anti-T. cruzi drugs directly on the different parasite forms (i.e., epimastigotes, trypomastigotes, and amastigotes) and to detect cytotoxicity. Once the putative trypanocidal drug has been identified in vitro, it must be moved to in vivo models of T. cruzi infection, to explore (i) acute toxicity, (ii) efficacy during the acute infection, and (iii) efficacy in the chronic disease. Moreover, in silico approaches for predicting activity have emerged as a supporting tool for drug screening procedures. Accordingly, this work reviews those in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods that have been routinely applied during the last decades, aiming to discover trypanocidal compounds that contribute to developing more effective CD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fonseca-Berzal
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Vicente J Arán
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Escario
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Gómez-Barrio
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Llancalahuen FM, Fuentes JA, Carreño A, Zúñiga C, Páez-Hernández D, Gacitúa M, Polanco R, Preite MD, Arratia-Pérez R, Otero C. New Properties of a Bioinspired Pyridine Benzimidazole Compound as a Novel Differential Staining Agent for Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus in Fluorescence Live Cell Imaging. Front Chem 2018; 6:345. [PMID: 30211148 PMCID: PMC6123694 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored new properties of the bioinspired pyridine benzimidazole compound B2 (2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-yl)phenol) regarding its potential use as a differential biomarker. For that, we performed 1D 1HNMR (TOCSY), UV-Vis absorption spectra in different organic solvents, voltammetry profile (including a scan-rate study), and TD-DFT calculations that including NBO analyses, to provide valuable information about B2 structure and luminescence. In our study, we found that the B2 structure is highly stable, where the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) seems to have a crucial role in the stability of luminescence, and its emission can be assigned as fluorescence. In fact, we found that the relatively large Stokes Shift observed for B2 (around 175 nm) may be attributed to the stability of the B2 geometry and the strength of its IHB. On the other hand, we determined that B2 is biocompatible by cytotoxicity experiments in HeLa cells, an epithelial cell line. Furthermore, in cellular assays we found that B2 could be internalized by passive diffusion in absence of artificial permeabilization at short incubation times (15 min to 30 min). Fluorescence microscopy studies confirmed that B2 accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus, two organelles involved in the secretory pathway. Finally, we determined that B2 exhibited no noticeable blinking or bleaching after 1 h of continuous exposure. Thus, B2 provides a biocompatible, rapid, simple, and efficient way to fluorescently label particular organelles, producing similar results to that obtained with other well-established but more complex methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M Llancalahuen
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis y Genética Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Carreño
- Center of Applied Nanosciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (FONDECYT), Santiago, Chile
| | - César Zúñiga
- Center of Applied Nanosciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Rubén Polanco
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegeta, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo D Preite
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Chugunova E, Samsonov V, Akylbekov N, Mazhukin D. Synthesis of 2H-benzimidazole 1,3-dioxides, separase inhibitors, by reaction of o-benzoquinone dioximes with ketones. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Hernández-Núñez E, Tlahuext H, Moo-Puc R, Moreno D, González-Díaz MO, Vázquez GN. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-(2-Amino-5(6)-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-N-arylacetamides as Antiprotozoal Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040579. [PMID: 28375176 PMCID: PMC6154724 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic diseases are a public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. One of the scaffolds used in several drugs for the treatment of parasitic diseases is the benzimidazole moiety, a heterocyclic aromatic compound. This compound is a crucial pharmacophore group and is considered a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry. In this study, the benzimidazole core served as a model for the synthesis of a series of 2-(2-amino-5(6)-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-N-arylacetamides 1–8 as benznidazole analogues. The in silico pharmacological results calculated with PASS platform exhibited chemical structures highly similar to known antiprotozoal drugs. Compounds 1–8 when evaluated in silico for acute toxicity by oral dosing, were less toxic than benznidazole. The synthesis of compounds 1–8 were carried out through reaction of 5(6)-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine (12) with 2-chlroactemides 10a–h, in the presence of K2CO3 and acetonitrile as solvent, showing an inseparable mixture of two regioisomers with the -NO2 group in position 5 or 6 with chemical yields of 60 to 94%. The prediction of the NMR spectra of molecule 1 coincided with the experimental chemical displacements of the regioisomers. Comparisons between the NMR prediction and the experimental data revealed that the regioisomer endo-1,6-NO2 predominated in the reaction. The in vitro antiparasitic activity of these compounds on intestinal unicellular parasites (Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica) and a urogenital tract parasite (Trichomonas vaginalis) were tested. Compound 7 showed an IC50 of 3.95 μM and was 7 time more active against G. intestinalis than benznidazole. Compounds 7 and 8 showed 4 times more activity against T. vaginalis compared with benznidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- CONACYT, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Hugo Tlahuext
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Moo-Puc
- Unidad Interinstitucional de Investigación Médica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social/Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97150, Yucatán, México.
| | - Diego Moreno
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | | | - Gabriel Navarrete Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
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12
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Rubio-Presa R, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Pedrosa MR, Arnáiz FJ, Sanz R. Molybdenum-Catalyzed Deoxygenation of Heteroaromatic N-
Oxides and Hydroxides using Pinacol as Reducing Agent. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Rubio-Presa
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | | | - María R. Pedrosa
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Francisco J. Arnáiz
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
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13
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Preparation of benzimidazole N-oxides by a two-step continuous flow process. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-1992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Chugunova EA, Akylbekov NI, Gavrilov NV, Samsonov VA, Sitnov SA, Dobrynin AB, Pudovik MA, Burilov AR. Synthesis of new 3H-benzo[1,2,5]oxadiazine-4-oxides with heterocyclic moieties in the benzene ring. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216110232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Do HT, Zhang N, Pati D, Gilbertson SR. Synthesis and activity of benzimidazole-1,3-dioxide inhibitors of separase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4446-4450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Pizzo C, Faral-Tello P, Yaluff G, Serna E, Torres S, Vera N, Saiz C, Robello C, Mahler G. New approach towards the synthesis of selenosemicarbazones, useful compounds for Chagas' disease. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 109:107-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Exploring the potential activity spectrum of two 5-nitroindazolinone prototypes on different Trypanosoma cruzi strains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1017/pao.2015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYIn the present study, the potential activity of two 5-nitroindazole derivatives previously proposed as suitable antichagasic prototypes was further evaluated on diverseTrypanosoma cruzistrains belonging to two discrete typing units (DTUs) frequently associated with human infection (i.e. DTUs TcII and TcVI). The trypanocidal profile that both 2-benzyl-1-propyl (22) and 2-benzyl-1-butyl (24) derivatives achieved on Tulahuen amastigotes (IC50 = 3·56 ± 0·99 and 6·31 ± 1·04 µm, respectively) correlates with that of formerly obtained on CL Brener, corroborating an outstanding activity on DTU TcVI parasites. Moreover, a sequential screening on extracellular and intracellular stages ofT. cruziY (DTU TcII) demonstrated also the effectiveness of 22 and 24 over this strain on a similar range of activity (IC50epimastigotes = 3·55 ± 0·47 and 7·92 ± 1·63 µm, IC50amastigotes = 2·80 ± 0·46 and 9·02 ± 5·26 µm, respectively). These results, supported by a lack of toxicity registered over either L929 fibroblasts or primary cultures of cardiomyocytes, confirm that 5-nitroindazolinones 22 and 24 display great selectivity on both drug-sensitive (CL and Tulahuen) and drug-moderately resistant (Y)T. cruzistrains, and therefore, represent an important outcome in the research of Chagas disease chemotherapy.
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19
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20
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Álvarez G, Varela J, Márquez P, Gabay M, Arias Rivas CE, Cuchilla K, Echeverría GA, Piro OE, Chorilli M, Leal SM, Escobar P, Serna E, Torres S, Yaluff G, Vera de Bilbao NI, González M, Cerecetto H. Optimization of antitrypanosomatid agents: identification of nonmutagenic drug candidates with in vivo activity. J Med Chem 2014; 57:3984-99. [PMID: 24749923 DOI: 10.1021/jm500018m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, was described thousands of years ago. Currently, it affects millions of people, mostly in Latin America, and there are not suitable drugs for treating it. As an attempt to find appropriate drugs to deal with this problem, we report here on the design, synthesis, and characterization of 82 new compounds. Trypanosomicidal behavior in vitro showed more than 20 outstanding derivatives with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Furthermore, we studied the nonspecific toxicity against mammalian cells determining their selectivity and also performed mutagenicity studies. Proof of concept, in vivo studies, was conducted with two of the most promising derivatives (77 and 80). They were identified as candidates because they have (i) very simple and cost-effective syntheses; (ii) activity against different stages and strains of the parasite showing excellent in vivo behavior during the acute phase of Chagas disease; and (iii) neither nonspecific toxicity nor mutagenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzmán Álvarez
- Grupo de Química Medicinal, Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República , 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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21
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Pieczonka AM, Strzelczyk A, Sadowska B, Mlostoń G, Stączek P. Synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of hydrazones derived from 3-oxido-1H-imidazole-4-carbohydrazides. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:389-95. [PMID: 23648974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work we reported the synthesis and evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activities of hydrazones 6 obtained from 3-oxido-1H-imidazole-4-carbohydrazides 4. All new compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Hydrazones 6 were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against four Gram-positive and four Gram-negative strains of bacteria as well as one fungal species. Three of the tested compounds appeared to be promising agents against reference strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. They were also tested against twelve clinical isolates of S. aureus and their cytotoxic effect on murine fibroblasts and HeLa human tumor cell line was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Pieczonka
- Department of Organic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
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22
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Martins-Teixeira MB, Campo VL, Biondo M, Sesti-Costa R, Carneiro ZA, Silva JS, Carvalho I. α-Selective glycosylation affords mucin-related GalNAc amino acids and diketopiperazines active on Trypanosoma cruzi. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1978-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Santos D, Parajón-Costa B, Rossi M, Caruso F, Benítez D, Varela J, Cerecetto H, González M, Gómez N, Caputto ME, Moglioni AG, Moltrasio GY, Finkielsztein LM, Gambino D. Activity on Trypanosoma cruzi, erythrocytes lysis and biologically relevant physicochemical properties of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones derived from 1-indanones. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 117:270-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Samsonov VA, Bagryanskaya IY, Gatilov YV, Savel’ev VA. Thermal transformations of 2H-benzimidazole 1,3-dioxides. Russ Chem Bull 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-011-0257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Samsonov VA, Gatilov YV, Savel’ev VA, Baranova SS. Reactions of 5-nitrospiro[benzimidazole-2,1′-cyclohexane] 1,3-dioxide with nucleophiles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428012030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Merlino A, Benitez D, Campillo NE, Páez JA, Tinoco LW, González M, Cerecetto H. Amidines bearing benzofuroxan or benzimidazole 1,3-dioxide core scaffolds as Trypanosoma cruzi-inhibitors: structural basis for their interactions with cruzipain. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Caputto ME, Fabian LE, Benítez D, Merlino A, Ríos N, Cerecetto H, Moltrasio GY, Moglioni AG, González M, Finkielsztein LM. Thiosemicarbazones derived from 1-indanones as new anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6818-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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29
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Benitez D, Cabrera M, Hernández P, Boiani L, Lavaggi ML, Di Maio R, Yaluff G, Serna E, Torres S, Ferreira ME, Vera de Bilbao N, Torres E, Pérez-Silanes S, Solano B, Moreno E, Aldana I, López de Ceráin A, Cerecetto H, González M, Monge A. 3-Trifluoromethylquinoxaline N,N'-dioxides as anti-trypanosomatid agents. Identification of optimal anti-T. cruzi agents and mechanism of action studies. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3624-36. [PMID: 21506600 DOI: 10.1021/jm2002469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For a fourth approach of quinoxaline N,N'-dioxides as anti-trypanosomatid agents against T. cruzi and Leishmania, we found extremely active derivatives. The present study allows us to state the correct requirements for obtaining optimal in vitro anti-T. cruzi activity. Derivatives possessing electron-withdrawing substituents in the 2-, 3-, 6-, and 7-positions were the most active compounds. With regard to these features and taking into account their mammal cytotoxicity, some trifluoromethylquinoxaline N,N'-dioxides have been proposed as candidates for further clinical studies. Consequently, mutagenicity and in vivo analyses were performed with the most promising derivatives. In addition, with regard to the mechanism of action studies, it was demonstrated that mitochondrial dehydrogenases are involved in the anti-T. cruzi activity of the most active derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Benitez
- Grupo de Química Medicinal, Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Vicente E, Duchowicz PR, Benítez D, Castro EA, Cerecetto H, González M, Monge A. Anti-T. cruzi activities and QSAR studies of 3-arylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile di-N-oxides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4831-5. [PMID: 20634064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In a continuing effort to identify new active compounds for combating Chagas disease and other neglected diseases, our research group synthesized and evaluated 23 3-arylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile di-N-oxides against Trypanosoma cruzi. Five of them presented IC(50) values of the same magnitude as the standard drug Nifurtimox, making them valid as new lead compounds. The optimized molecular structures of 23 derivatives represented by 1497 types of DRAGON descriptors were subjected to linear regression analysis, and the derived QSAR was shown to be predictive. In this way, we achieved a rational guide for the proposal of new candidate structures whose activities still remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Cerecetto H, González M. Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry in Chagas' Disease: Compounds at The Final Stage of "Hit-To-Lead" Phase. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2010; 3:810-838. [PMID: 27713281 PMCID: PMC4034012 DOI: 10.3390/ph3040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas' disease, or American trypanosomosiasis, has been the most relevant illness produced by protozoa in Latin America. Synthetic medicinal chemistry efforts have provided an extensive number of chemodiverse hits at the "active-to-hit" stage. However, only a more limited number of these have been studied in vivo in models of Chagas' disease. Herein, we survey some of the cantidates able to surpass the "hit-to-lead" stage discussing their limitations or merit to enter in clinical trials in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cerecetto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Mercedes González
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química Biológica-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
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Boiani M, Piacenza L, Hernández P, Boiani L, Cerecetto H, González M, Denicola A. Mode of action of nifurtimox and N-oxide-containing heterocycles against Trypanosoma cruzi: is oxidative stress involved? Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:1736-45. [PMID: 20178775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the trypanosomatid parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and threatens millions of lives in South America. As other neglected diseases there is almost no research and development effort by the pharmaceutical industry and the treatment relies on two drugs, Nifurtimox and Benznidazole, discovered empirically more than three decades ago. Nifurtimox, a nitrofurane derivative, is believed to exert its biological activity through the bioreduction of the nitro-group to a nitro-anion radical which undergoes redox-cycling with molecular oxygen. This hypothesis is generally accepted, although arguments against it have been presented. In the present work we studied the ability of Nifurtimox and five N-oxide-containing heterocycles to induce oxidative stress in T. cruzi. N-Oxide-containing heterocycles represent a promising group of new trypanosomicidal agents and their mode of action is not completely elucidated. The results here obtained argue against the oxidative stress hypothesis almost for all the studied compounds, including Nifurtimox. A significant reduction in the level of parasitic low-molecular-weight thiols was observed after Nifurtimox treatment; however, it was not linked to the production of reactive oxidant species. Besides, redox-cycling is only observed at high Nifurtimox concentrations (>400microM), two orders of magnitude higher than the concentration required for anti-proliferative activity (5microM). Our results indicate that an increase in oxidative stress is not the main mechanism of action of Nifurtimox. Among the studied N-oxide-containing heterocycles, benzofuroxan derivatives strongly inhibited parasite dehydrogenase activity and affected mitochondrial membrane potential. The indazole derivative raised intracellular oxidants production, but it was the least effective as anti-T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Boiani
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Gerpe A, Boiani L, Hernández P, Sortino M, Zacchino S, González M, Cerecetto H. Naftifine-analogues as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2154-64. [PMID: 20163894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease represents a relevant health problem in Central and South America. The first line of treatment is Nifurtimox and Benznidazole which have a great deal of disadvantages that demands the rapid generation of therapeutic alternatives. Based in our research on aza-thiaheterocycles as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents we identified pharmacophores that act through oxidative stress. Here, we describe the synthesis and the activity of new containing bioactive-heterocycles analogues of naftifine as potential T. cruzi membrane sterol biosynthesis inhibitors. Benzimidazole 1,3-dioxides (11 and 13) and quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides (22 and 23) displayed excellent parasite/mammal selectivity indexes. Analysis of the free sterols from parasite incubated with the compounds showed that any of them are able to accumulate squalene suggesting that in the anti-T. cruzi mechanism of action is not involved the inhibition of sterol biosynthesis. Some derivatives were also tested as antifungal agents. The results obtained in the present work open potential therapeutic possibilities of new compounds for these infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Gerpe
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Merlino A, Benitez D, Chavez S, Da Cunha J, Hernández P, Tinoco LW, Campillo NE, Páez JA, Cerecetto H, González M. Development of second generation amidinohydrazones, thio- and semicarbazones as Trypanosoma cruzi-inhibitors bearing benzofuroxan and benzimidazole 1,3-dioxide core scaffolds. MEDCHEMCOMM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Castro D, Boiani L, Benitez D, Hernández P, Merlino A, Gil C, Olea-Azar C, González M, Cerecetto H, Porcal W. Anti-trypanosomatid benzofuroxans and deoxygenated analogues: synthesis using polymer-supported triphenylphosphine, biological evaluation and mechanism of action studies. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:5055-65. [PMID: 19837489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid vinylthio-, vinylsulfinyl-, vinylsulfonyl- and vinylketo-benzofuroxans developed as anti-trypanosomatid agents, against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., have showed low micromolar IC(50) values. The synthetic route to access to these derivatives was an efficient Wittig reaction performed in mild conditions with polymer-supported triphenylphosphine (PS-TPP). Additionally, the benzofurozan analogues, deoxygenated benzofuroxans, were prepared using PS-TPP as reductive reagent in excellent yields. The trypanosomicidal and leishmanocidal activities of the benzofuroxan derivatives were measured and also some aspects of their mechanism of action studied. In this sense, inhibition of mitochondrial dehydrogenases activities, production of intra-parasite free radicals and cruzipain inhibition were studied as biological target for the anti-trypanosomatid identified compounds. The trypanosomicidal activity could be the result of both the parasite-mitochondrion function interference and production of oxidative stress into the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Castro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Boiani L, Aguirre G, González M, Cerecetto H, Chidichimo A, Cazzulo JJ, Bertinaria M, Guglielmo S. Furoxan-, alkylnitrate-derivatives and related compounds as anti-trypanosomatid agents: Mechanism of action studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7900-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nogueira Silva JJ, Pavanelli WR, Salazar Gutierrez FR, Alves Lima FC, Ferreira da Silva AB, Santana Silva J, Wagner Franco D. Complexation of the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Drug Benznidazole Improves Solubility and Efficacy. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4104-14. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701306r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Jerley Nogueira Silva
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fredy R. Salazar Gutierrez
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Chagas Alves Lima
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Albérico Borges Ferreira da Silva
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Santana Silva
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas Wagner Franco
- Departamento de Química e Física Molecular, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Imidazolidines as new anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents: Biological evaluation and structure–activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:2226-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Boiani M, Cerecetto H, González M, Gasteiger J. Modeling anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Activity of N-Oxide Containing Heterocycles. J Chem Inf Model 2007; 48:213-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ci7002768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Boiani
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, DQO, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay, and Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91042 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, DQO, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay, and Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91042 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mercedes González
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, DQO, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay, and Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91042 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johann Gasteiger
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, DQO, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay, and Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91042 Erlangen, Germany
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Porcal W, Hernández P, Boiani M, Aguirre G, Boiani L, Chidichimo A, Cazzulo JJ, Campillo NE, Paez JA, Castro A, Krauth-Siegel RL, Davies C, Basombrío MÁ, González M, Cerecetto H. In VivoAnti-Chagas Vinylthio-, Vinylsulfinyl-, and Vinylsulfonylbenzofuroxan Derivatives‡. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6004-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070604e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, IndiaThis is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in 2006 (Chattaraj, P. K.; Sarkar, U.; Roy, D. R. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2065). Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Debesh Ranjan Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, IndiaThis is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in 2006 (Chattaraj, P. K.; Sarkar, U.; Roy, D. R. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2065). Updates to the text appear in red type
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Leite ACL, Moreira DRDM, Cardoso MVDO, Hernandes MZ, Alves Pereira VR, Silva RO, Kiperstok AC, Lima MDS, Soares MBP. Synthesis, Cruzain Docking, and in vitro Studies of Aryl-4-Oxothiazolylhydrazones AgainstTrypanosoma cruzi. ChemMedChem 2007; 2:1339-45. [PMID: 17628867 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Research in recent years has demonstrated that the Trypanosoma cruzi cysteine protease cruzain (TCC) is a valid chemotherapeutic target. Herein we describe a small library of aryl-4-oxothiazolylhydrazones that have been tested in assays against T. cruzi cell cultures. The docking studies carried out suggest that these compounds are potential ligands for the TCC enzyme. The most promising compound of this series, N-(4-oxo-5-ethyl-2'-thiazolin-2-yl)-N'-phenylthio-(Z)-ethylidenehydrazone (6 f), was shown to be very active at non-cytotoxic concentrations in in vitro assays with mammalian cells and has a potency comparable with reference drugs such as nifurtimox (Nfx) and benznidazole (Bdz).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Laboratório de Planejamento, Avaliação e Síntese de Fármacos-LABSINFA, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Rua Prof. Artur Sá S/N, Cidade Universitária, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Merlino A, Boiani M, Cerecetto H, González M. 2-Benzyl-2-methyl-2H-benzimidazole 1,3-dioxide derivatives: Spectroscopic and theoretical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2007; 67:540-9. [PMID: 16987699 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2006] [Revised: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The spectroscopic behavior of 2-benzyl-2-methyl-2H-benzimidazole 1,3-dioxide derivatives in solution was studied in terms of electronic and nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H and (13)C NMR) techniques. The experimental spectra were compared to the theoretical ones, obtained at DFT level, proving that the compounds adopt in solution a bird-like conformational distribution. Also, theoretically this conformational distribution resulted the most stable in gas phase. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study solid state behavior identifying experimentally the N-O stretching near to 1380, 1365 and 1225 cm(-1) and the vibrational benzimidazole skeleton near to 1610 and 1590 cm(-1). The vibrational spectrum was satisfactorily described by DFT calculations funding the N-O stretching as a coupled vibration near to 1470, 1350 and 1285 cm(-1). The fragmentation that takes place in mass spectrometry was assigned for all of the new derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Merlino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
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Cerecetto H, González M. Benzofuroxan and Furoxan. Chemistry and Biology. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2007_064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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