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Zhao P, Xin BS, Ma ZT, Yao GD, Shi R, He XH, Lin B, Huang XX, Song SJ. Six undescribed guaianolide-type sesquiterpenes from the aerial parts of Daphne penicillata. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105762. [PMID: 38040095 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed guaianolide sesquiterpenes (1-6) were obtained from the aerial parts of Daphne penicillata. Their structures and absolute configuration were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR analyses, ECD calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, all compounds possess the typical 5,7-fused system of 8,12-guaianolides and this guaianolide-type was first reported to be isolated from Daphne penicillata. All compounds (1-6) were evaluated for anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Among them, compounds 1 and 5 showed moderate inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in BV2 cells and 4 displayed potential inhibition against Hep3B cells with an IC50 value of 7.33 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Ben-Song Xin
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Zhen-Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Foresty Research Center of Kunming, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Yunnan, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xia-Hong He
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Foresty Research Center of Kunming, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Yunnan, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Shandong Province, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
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2
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Selective Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum ATPase 6 by Artemisinins and Identification of New Classes of Inhibitors after Expression in Yeast. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0207921. [PMID: 35465707 PMCID: PMC9112895 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02079-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment failures with artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) threaten global efforts to eradicate malaria. They highlight the importance of identifying drug targets and new inhibitors and of studying how existing antimalarial classes work. Here, we report the successful development of a heterologous expression-based compound-screening tool. The validated drug target Plasmodium falciparum ATPase 6 (PfATP6) and a mammalian orthologue (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1a [SERCA1a]) were functionally expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, providing a robust, sensitive, and specific screening tool. Whole-cell and in vitro assays consistently demonstrated inhibition and labeling of PfATP6 by artemisinins. Mutations in PfATP6 resulted in fitness costs that were ameliorated in the presence of artemisinin derivatives when studied in the yeast model. As previously hypothesized, PfATP6 is a target of artemisinins. Mammalian SERCA1a can be mutated to become more susceptible to artemisinins. The inexpensive, low-technology yeast screening platform has identified unrelated classes of druggable PfATP6 inhibitors. Resistance to artemisinins may depend on mechanisms that can concomitantly address multitargeting by artemisinins and fitness costs of mutations that reduce artemisinin susceptibility.
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3
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Huang SY, Gao LH, Huang XZ, Huang PQ. Enantioselective Total Syntheses of the Proposed and Revised Structures of Methoxystemofoline: A Stereochemical Revision. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11053-11071. [PMID: 33440938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the full details of our synthetic efforts toward the enantioselective total synthesis of the complex alkaloid methoxystemofoline. The enantioselective construction of the tetracyclic core features: (1) the Keck allylation at the N-α bridgehead carbon to forge the tetrasubstituted stereocenter; (2) an olefin cross-metathesis reaction for the side-chain elongation that is amenable for the synthesis of congeners and analogues; and (3) a regioselective aldol addition reaction with methyl pyruvate that ensured the subsequent regioselective cyclization reaction to construct the fourth ring. Overman's method was employed to install the 5-(alkoxyalky1idene)-3-methyl-tetronate moiety. In the last step, a nonstereoselective reaction resulted in the formation of both the proposed structure of methoxystemofoline and its E-stereoisomer, the natural product (revised structure), in a 1:1 ratio. We suggest to rename the natural product as isomethoxystemofoline, and report for the first time the complete 1H NMR data for this natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Long-Hui Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Xiong-Zhi Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Gürağaç Dereli FT, Ilhan M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Küpeli Akkol E. The investigation of the potential antidepressant-like activity of Xanthium orientale subsp. italicum (Moretti) Greuter in rodents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112914. [PMID: 32360046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethnobotanical surveys revealed that Xanthiumorientale subsp. italicum (Moretti) Greuter has been used against central nervous system disorders in Turkish folk medicine. The aim of the present study is to verify the folkloric assertion on this plant. The compounds responsible for the activity were investigated using bioassay-guided fractionation procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antidepressant activity of the aqueous, n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH) extracts; fractions and isolated compounds from active MeOH extract were evaluated by using the in vitro MAO inhibition assay and three different in vivo models namely forced swimming test, tail suspension test, and antagonism of tetrabenazine-induced ptosis, hypothermia, and suppression of locomotor activity. The results were compared with control and reference groups, and active compounds of the plant have been determined. Through the bioassay-guided fractionation procedures, two compounds were isolated from the active fraction and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. RESULTS The MeOH extract of the plant was found to possess antidepressant-like activity. This extract was then subjected to chromatographic techniques. Isolated sesquiterpene lactones were elucidated as xanthatin (1) and xanthinosin (2), which were responsible for the antidepressant-like activity. CONCLUSIONS This study discovered the antidepressant potential of X. orientale subsp. italicum. Using bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation techniques, xanthatin (1) and xanthinosin (2) were determined as the main active components of the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç Dereli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Süleyman Demirel University, Çünür, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mert Ilhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Tuşba, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
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Smaligo AJ, Swain M, Quintana JC, Tan MF, Kim DA, Kwon O. Hydrodealkenylative C(sp 3)-C(sp 2) bond fragmentation. Science 2019; 364:681-685. [PMID: 31097667 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis typically relies on reactions that generate complexity through elaboration of simple starting materials. Less common are deconstructive strategies toward complexity-particularly those involving carbon-carbon bond scission. Here, we introduce one such transformation: the hydrodealkenylative cleavage of C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds, conducted below room temperature, using ozone, an iron salt, and a hydrogen atom donor. These reactions are performed in nonanhydrous solvents and open to the air; reach completion within 30 minutes; and deliver their products in high yields, even on decagram scales. We have used this broadly functionality tolerant transformation to produce desirable synthetic intermediates, many of which are optically active, from abundantly available terpenes and terpenoid-derived precursors. We have also applied it in the formal total syntheses of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Smaligo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Manisha Swain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason C Quintana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mikayla F Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Danielle A Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Hu X, Xu S, Maimone TJ. A Double Allylation Strategy for Gram-Scale Guaianolide Production: Total Synthesis of (+)-Mikanokryptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1624-1628. [PMID: 28052523 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With over 5000 members isolated to date, sesquiterpene lactones represent a prolific source of medicinal agents with several derivatives in human clinical trials. The guaianolides, a major subset of this group, have been intensely investigated from both medicinal and chemical-synthesis perspectives for decades. To date, the myriad stereochemical permutations presented by this enormous family have precluded the synthesis of many unique members. Herein we report the total synthesis of the trans-fused 8,12-guaianolide (+)-mikanokryptin in 10 steps from (+)-carvone. Notably, this synthesis is the first gram-scale total synthesis of a guaianolide natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Silong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Current address: Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Thomas J Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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7
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Hu X, Xu S, Maimone TJ. A Double Allylation Strategy for Gram-Scale Guaianolide Production: Total Synthesis of (+)-Mikanokryptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Hu
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Silong Xu
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Thomas J. Maimone
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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8
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Synthesis of a series of novel dihydroartemisinin monomers and dimers containing chalcone as a linker and their anticancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:232-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Shen
- Department
of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Shui Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen
Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic
Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, China
| | - Henry N. C. Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen
Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic
Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, China
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10
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Santana A, Molinillo JMG, Macías FA. Trends in the Synthesis and Functionalization of Guaianolides. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Plessis C. The Search for New Odorants: Synthesis of Animalic Fragrant and Musky/Ambery Compounds. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:1517-39. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Hullaert J, Laplace DR, Winne JM. A Three-Step Synthesis of the Guaianolide Ring System. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Buragohain P, Saikia B, Surineni N, Barua NC, Saxena AK, Suri N. Synthesis of a novel series of artemisinin dimers with potent anticancer activity involving Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:237-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Krishna S, Pulcini S, Moore CM, Teo BHY, Staines HM. Pumped up: reflections on PfATP6 as the target for artemisinins. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:4-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Aditya N, Vathsala P, Vieira V, Murthy R, Souto E. Advances in nanomedicines for malaria treatment. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 201-202:1-17. [PMID: 24192063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease that mainly affects children and pregnant women from tropical countries. The mortality rate of people infected with malaria per year is enormous and became a public health concern. The main factor that has contributed to the success of malaria proliferation is the increased number of drug resistant parasites. To counteract this trend, research has been done in nanotechnology and nanomedicine, for the development of new biocompatible systems capable of incorporating drugs, lowering the resistance progress, contributing for diagnosis, control and treatment of malaria by target delivery. In this review, we discussed the main problems associated with the spread of malaria and the most recent developments in nanomedicine for anti-malarial drug delivery.
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Tohme R, Aaraj LA, Ghaddar T, Gali-Muhtasib H, Saliba NA, Darwiche N. Differential growth inhibitory effects of highly oxygenated guaianolides isolated from the Middle Eastern indigenous plant Achillea falcata in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells. Molecules 2013; 18:8275-88. [PMID: 23860275 PMCID: PMC6269692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18078275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants play a crucial role in traditional medicine and in the maintenance of human health worldwide. Sesquiterpene lactones represent an interesting group of plant-derived compounds that are currently being tested as lead drugs in cancer clinical trials. Achillea falcata is a medicinal plant indigenous to the Middle Eastern region and belongs to the Asteraceae family, which is known to be rich in sesquiterpene lactones. We subjected Achillea falcata extracts to bioassay-guided fractionation against the growth of HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells and identified four secotanapartholides, namely 3-β-methoxy-isosecotanapartholide (1), isosecotanapartholide (2), tanaphallin (3), and 8-hydroxy-3-methoxyisosecotanapartholide (4). Three highly oxygenated guaianolides were isolated for the first time from Achillea falcata, namely rupin A (5), chrysartemin B (6), and 1β, 2β-epoxy-3β,4α,10α-trihydroxyguaian-6α,12-olide (7). These sesquiterpene lactones showed no or minor cytotoxicity while exhibiting promising anticancer effects against HCT-116 cells. Further structure-activity relationship studies related the bioactivity of the tested compounds to their skeleton, their lipophilicity, and to the type of functional groups neighboring the main alkylating center of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Tohme
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Al Aaraj
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
| | - Tarek Ghaddar
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Hala Gali-Muhtasib
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Najat A. Saliba
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.D.); (N.A.S.); Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4870) (N.D.); Fax: +961-1-374374 (ext. 4913) (N.D.); Fax: +961-1-365217 (N.A.S.)
| | - Nadine Darwiche
- AUB Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; E-Mails: (R.T.); (L.A.A.); (T.G.); (H.G.-M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.D.); (N.A.S.); Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4870) (N.D.); Fax: +961-1-374374 (ext. 4913) (N.D.); Fax: +961-1-365217 (N.A.S.)
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17
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Pulcini S, Staines HM, Pittman JK, Slavic K, Doerig C, Halbert J, Tewari R, Shah F, Avery MA, Haynes RK, Krishna S. Expression in yeast links field polymorphisms in PfATP6 to in vitro artemisinin resistance and identifies new inhibitor classes. J Infect Dis 2013; 208:468-78. [PMID: 23599312 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of action of artemisinins against malaria is unclear, despite their widespread use in combination therapies and the emergence of resistance. RESULTS Here, we report expression of PfATP6 (a SERCA pump) in yeast and demonstrate its inhibition by artemisinins. Mutations in PfATP6 identified in field isolates (such as S769N) and in laboratory clones (such as L263E) decrease susceptibility to artemisinins, whereas they increase susceptibility to unrelated inhibitors such as cyclopiazonic acid. As predicted from the yeast model, Plasmodium falciparum with the L263E mutation is also more susceptible to cyclopiazonic acid. An inability to knockout parasite SERCA pumps provides genetic evidence that they are essential in asexual stages of development. Thaperoxides are a new class of potent antimalarial designed to act by inhibiting PfATP6. Results in yeast confirm this inhibition. CONCLUSIONS The identification of inhibitors effective against mutated PfATP6 suggests ways in which artemisinin resistance may be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Pulcini
- Division of Clinical Sciences, St. George's, University of London, UK
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18
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Anagnostaki EE, Zografos AL. Non-natural Elemane as the “Stepping Stone” for the Synthesis of Germacrane and Guaiane Sesquiterpenes. Org Lett 2012; 15:152-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3031999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet E. Anagnostaki
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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19
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Combined receptor-based and ligand-based approach to delineate the mode of binding of guaianolide–endoperoxides to PfATP6. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5410-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Shah F, Gut J, Legac J, Shivakumar D, Sherman W, Rosenthal PJ, Avery MA. Computer-aided drug design of falcipain inhibitors: virtual screening, structure-activity relationships, hydration site thermodynamics, and reactivity analysis. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:696-710. [PMID: 22332946 DOI: 10.1021/ci2005516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Falcipains (FPs) are hemoglobinases of Plasmodium falciparum that are validated targets for the development of antimalarial chemotherapy. A combined ligand- and structure-based virtual screening of commercial databases was performed to identify structural analogs of virtual screening hits previously discovered in our laboratory. A total of 28 low micromolar inhibitors of FP-2 and FP-3 were identified and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) in each series was elaborated. The SAR of the compounds was unusually steep in some cases and could not be explained by a traditional analysis of the ligand-protein interactions (van der Waals, electrostatics, and hydrogen bonds). To gain further insights, a statistical thermodynamic analysis of explicit solvent in the ligand binding domains of FP-2 and FP-3 was carried out to understand the roles played by water molecules in binding of these inhibitors. Indeed, the energetics associated with the displacement of water molecules upon ligand binding explained some of the complex trends in the SAR. Furthermore, low potency of a subset of FP-2 inhibitors that could not be understood by the water energetics was explained in the context of poor chemical reactivity of the reactive centers of these compounds. The present study highlights the importance of considering energetic contributors to binding beyond traditional ligand-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falgun Shah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
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Haque MA, Ishikawa H, Nishino H. Spontaneous Conversion of 3-Alkyl-substituted 3-Hydroperoxypyrrolidine-2,4-diones into 5-Alkyl-5-hydroxyoxazolidin-4-ones. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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The antidepressant-like effect of Hedyosmum brasiliense and its sesquiterpene lactone, podoandin in mice: evidence for the involvement of adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 674:307-14. [PMID: 22115892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown that the ethanol extract of the leaves of Hedyosmum brasiliense exhibits an antidepressant-like effect in the tail suspension and forced swimming tests in mice. The present study investigates the mechanisms involved in the antidepressant-like effect of H. brasiliense extract, together with the antidepressant potential of podoandin, an isolated sesquiterpenoid. H. brasiliense (50mg/kg, i.p.) and podoandin (10mg/kg, i.p.) decreased the immobility time in the forced swimming test, without any accompanying changes in ambulation in the open-field test. The anti-immobility effect of the H. brasiliense extract was prevented by pre-treating the mice with ondansetron, NAN 190, pindolol, prazosin, yohimbine, haloperidol, SCH23390, and sulpiride. On the other hand, pre-treating the mice with: p-chlorophenylalanine (4 consecutive days), ketanserin, naloxone, naltrindole, bicuculline, phaclofen, or l-arginine did not block the antidepressant-like effect of H. brasiliense. In addition, pre-treatment of the animals with methylene blue, NG-nitro-l-arginine or 7-nitroindazole, at subeffective doses, did not cause a synergistic effect with H. brasiliense extract at an effective dose in the forced swimming test. The anti-immobility effect of podoandin was also prevented by pre-treating the mice with NAN-190, ondansetron, prazosin, yohimbine, sulpiride and haloperidol. The results indicate that the antidepressant-like effect of H. brasiliense (and podoandin) is dependent on the serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems, but not on the GABAergic, opioid and oxidonitrergic systems.
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Grimberg BT, Mehlotra RK. Expanding the Antimalarial Drug Arsenal-Now, But How? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011; 4:681-712. [PMID: 21625331 PMCID: PMC3102560 DOI: 10.3390/ph4050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of available and effective antimalarial drugs is quickly dwindling. This is mainly because a number of drug resistance-associated mutations in malaria parasite genes, such as crt, mdr1, dhfr/dhps, and others, have led to widespread resistance to all known classes of antimalarial compounds. Unfortunately, malaria parasites have started to exhibit some level of resistance in Southeast Asia even to the most recently introduced class of drugs, artemisinins. While there is much need, the antimalarial drug development pipeline remains woefully thin, with little chemical diversity, and there is currently no alternative to the precious artemisinins. It is difficult to predict where the next generation of antimalarial drugs will come from; however, there are six major approaches: (i) re-optimizing the use of existing antimalarials by either replacement/rotation or combination approach; (ii) repurposing drugs that are currently used to treat other infections or diseases; (iii) chemically modifying existing antimalarial compounds; (iv) exploring natural sources; (v) large-scale screening of diverse chemical libraries; and (vi) through parasite genome-based ("targeted") discoveries. When any newly discovered effective antimalarial treatment is used by the populus, we must maintain constant vigilance for both parasite-specific and human-related factors that are likely to hamper its success. This article is neither comprehensive nor conclusive. Our purpose is to provide an overview of antimalarial drug resistance, associated parasite genetic factors (1. Introduction; 2. Emergence of artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum), and the antimalarial drug development pipeline (3. Overview of the global pipeline of antimalarial drugs), and highlight some examples of the aforementioned approaches to future antimalarial treatment. These approaches can be categorized into "short term" (4. Feasible options for now) and "long term" (5. Next generation of antimalarial treatment-Approaches and candidates). However, these two categories are interrelated, and the approaches in both should be implemented in parallel with focus on developing a successful, long-lasting antimalarial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Grimberg
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; E-Mails: (B.T.G.); (R.K.M.); Tel.: +1-216-368-6328 or +1-216-368-6172, Fax: +1-216-368-4825
| | - Rajeev K. Mehlotra
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; E-Mails: (B.T.G.); (R.K.M.); Tel.: +1-216-368-6328 or +1-216-368-6172, Fax: +1-216-368-4825
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