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Santos AS, Costa VAF, Freitas VAQ, Dos Anjos LRB, de Almeida Santos ES, Arantes TD, Costa CR, de Sene Amâncio Zara AL, do Rosário Rodrigues Silva M, Neves BJ. Drug to genome to drug: a computational large-scale chemogenomics screening for novel drug candidates against sporotrichosis. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01406-x. [PMID: 38888692 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is recognized as the predominant subcutaneous mycosis in South America, attributed to pathogenic species within the Sporothrix genus. Notably, in Brazil, Sporothrix brasiliensis emerges as the principal species, exhibiting significant sapronotic, zoonotic and enzootic epidemic potential. Consequently, the discovery of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of sporotrichosis is imperative. The present study is dedicated to the repositioning of pharmaceuticals for sporotrichosis therapy. To achieve this goal, we designed a pipeline with the following steps: (a) compilation and preparation of Sporothrix genome data; (b) identification of orthologous proteins among the species; (c) identification of homologous proteins in publicly available drug-target databases; (d) selection of Sporothrix essential targets using validated genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (e) molecular modeling studies; and (f) experimental validation of selected candidates. Based on this approach, we were able to prioritize eight drugs for in vitro experimental validation. Among the evaluated compounds, everolimus and bifonazole demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.5 µg/mL and 4.0 µg/mL, respectively. Subsequently, molecular docking studies suggest that bifonazole and everolimus may target specific proteins within S. brasiliensis- namely, sterol 14-α-demethylase and serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR, respectively. These findings shed light on the potential binding affinities and binding modes of bifonazole and everolimus with their probable targets, providing a preliminary understanding of the antifungal mechanism of action of these compounds. In conclusion, our research advances the understanding of the therapeutic potential of bifonazole and everolimus, supporting their further investigation as antifungal agents for sporotrichosis in prospective hit-to-lead and preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Santana Santos
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Raniere Borges Dos Anjos
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Thales Domingos Arantes
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rodrigues Costa
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio Zara
- Postgraduate Program in Health Technology Assistance and Assessment (PPG-AAS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Junior Neves
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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2
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Moss WJ, Brusini L, Kuehnel R, Brochet M, Brown KM. Apicomplexan phosphodiesterases in cyclic nucleotide turnover: conservation, function, and therapeutic potential. mBio 2024; 15:e0305623. [PMID: 38132724 PMCID: PMC10865986 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03056-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexa encompasses a large number of intracellular parasites infecting a wide range of animals. Cyclic nucleotide signaling is crucial for a variety of apicomplexan life stages and cellular processes. The cyclases and kinases that synthesize and respond to cyclic nucleotides (i.e., 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) are highly conserved and essential throughout the parasite phylum. Growing evidence indicates that phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are also critical for regulating cyclic nucleotide signaling via cyclic nucleotide hydrolysis. Here, we discuss recent advances in apicomplexan PDE biology and opportunities for therapeutic interventions, with special emphasis on the major human apicomplexan parasite genera Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, and Babesia. In particular, we show a highly flexible repertoire of apicomplexan PDEs associated with a wide range of cellular requirements across parasites and lifecycle stages. Despite this phylogenetic diversity, cellular requirements of apicomplexan PDEs for motility, host cell egress, or invasion are conserved. However, the molecular wiring of associated PDEs is extremely malleable suggesting that PDE diversity and redundancy are key for the optimization of cyclic nucleotide turnover to respond to the various environments encountered by each parasite and life stage. Understanding how apicomplexan PDEs are regulated and integrating multiple signaling systems into a unified response represent an untapped avenue for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Moss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lorenzo Brusini
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ronja Kuehnel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Brochet
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kevin M. Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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3
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Kushwaha P, Kumar V, Saha B. Current development of β-carboline derived potential antimalarial scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115247. [PMID: 36931118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
β-Carboline alkaloids are an eminent class of nitrogen-based natural alkaloids and therapeutic molecules which exert various pharmacological activities through diverse mechanisms. A lot of attention has recently been directed towards this moiety in order to develop effective antimalarial drugs. "Malaria", an acute febrile illness caused by diverse Plasmodium parasites, is a continuing and escalating problem that devastates economically less developed countries by significantly increased morbidity and mortality rates. The mounting parasite resistance towards the antimalarial drugs and augmenting the 'habitat of the insect vector' are creating a catastrophe, indicating an urgent need for new efficacious therapeutics to combat this tropical disease. This article comprehensively encapsulates the clinical and preclinical antimalarial scaffolds comprising β-carboline moiety in their structure. Herein, various classes of natural and semi-synthetic analogues of β-carbolines reported in the last decade (2011-2021) have been extensively studied and illustrated. This review will help the readers to develop an insight into the β-carboline based antimalarials and molecular mechanisms lying behind their mode of action, which is anticipated to be beneficial for the future development of new β-carboline based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kushwaha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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4
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Abstract
Human malaria, caused by infection with Plasmodium parasites, remains one of the most important global public health problems, with the World Health Organization reporting more than 240 million cases and 600,000 deaths annually as of 2020 (World malaria report 2021). Our understanding of the biology of these parasites is critical for development of effective therapeutics and prophylactics, including both antimalarials and vaccines. Plasmodium is a protozoan organism that is intracellular for most of its life cycle. However, to complete its complex life cycle and to allow for both amplification and transmission, the parasite must egress out of the host cell in a highly regulated manner. This review discusses the major pathways and proteins involved in the egress events during the Plasmodium life cycle-merozoite and gametocyte egress out of red blood cells, sporozoite egress out of the oocyst, and merozoite egress out of the hepatocyte. The similarities, as well as the differences, between the various egress pathways of the parasite highlight both novel cell biology and potential therapeutic targets to arrest its life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Dvorin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel E Goldberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine; and Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
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5
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Barbieri D, Gomez L, Royer L, Dupuy F, Franetich JF, Tefit M, N’Dri ME, Mazier D, Silvie O, Moreno-Sabater A, Lavazec C. The Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Tadalafil Promotes Splenic Retention of Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes in Humanized Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:883759. [PMID: 35694548 PMCID: PMC9174641 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.883759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in the bloodstream is closely related to the modulation of their mechanical properties. New drugs that increase the stiffness of infected erythrocytes may thus represent a novel approach to block malaria parasite transmission. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor tadalafil has been shown to impair the ability of infected erythrocytes to circulate in an in vitro model for splenic retention. Here, we used a humanized mouse model to address in vivo the effect of tadalafil on the circulation kinetics of mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. We show that stiff immature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes are retained in the spleen of humanized mice at rates comparable to that of the in vitro model. Accordingly, tadalafil-induced stiffening of mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes impairs their circulation in the bloodstream and triggers their retention by the spleen. These in vivo results validate that tadalafil is a novel drug lead potentially capable of blocking malaria parasite transmission by targeting GIE mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Barbieri
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lina Gomez
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Ludivine Royer
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Florian Dupuy
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Franetich
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Maurel Tefit
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Esther N’Dri
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Silvie
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Alicia Moreno-Sabater
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lavazec
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Catherine Lavazec,
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6
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A review of synthetic bioactive tetrahydro-β-carbolines: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113815. [PMID: 34479038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) scaffold is widespread in many natural products (NPs) and synthetic compounds which show a variety of pharmacological activities. In this article, we reviewed the design, structures and biological characteristics of reported synthetic THβC compounds, and structure and activity relationship (SAR) of them were also discussed. This work might provide a reference for subsequent drug development based on THβC.
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7
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Bojarska J, Mieczkowski A, Ziora ZM, Skwarczynski M, Toth I, Shalash AO, Parang K, El-Mowafi SA, Mohammed EHM, Elnagdy S, AlKhazindar M, Wolf WM. Cyclic Dipeptides: The Biological and Structural Landscape with Special Focus on the Anti-Cancer Proline-Based Scaffold. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1515. [PMID: 34680148 PMCID: PMC8533947 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dipeptides, also know as diketopiperazines (DKP), the simplest cyclic forms of peptides widespread in nature, are unsurpassed in their structural and bio-functional diversity. DKPs, especially those containing proline, due to their unique features such as, inter alia, extra-rigid conformation, high resistance to enzyme degradation, increased cell permeability, and expandable ability to bind a diverse of targets with better affinity, have emerged in the last years as biologically pre-validated platforms for the drug discovery. Recent advances have revealed their enormous potential in the development of next-generation theranostics, smart delivery systems, and biomaterials. Here, we present an updated review on the biological and structural profile of these appealing biomolecules, with a particular emphasis on those with anticancer properties, since cancers are the main cause of death all over the world. Additionally, we provide a consideration on supramolecular structuring and synthons, based on the proline-based DKP privileged scaffold, for inspiration in the design of compound libraries in search of ideal ligands, innovative self-assembled nanomaterials, and bio-functional architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bojarska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Adam Mieczkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zyta M. Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (Z.M.Z.); (I.T.)
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Istvan Toth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (Z.M.Z.); (I.T.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ahmed O. Shalash
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Shaima A. El-Mowafi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Eman H. M. Mohammed
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Sherif Elnagdy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Maha AlKhazindar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
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8
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N'Dri ME, Royer L, Lavazec C. Tadalafil impacts the mechanical properties of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2021; 244:111392. [PMID: 34171456 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2021.111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes modify the mechanical properties of their erythrocyte host to persist for several weeks in the blood circulation and to be available for mosquitoes. These changes are tightly regulated by the plasmodial phosphodiesterase delta that decreases both the stiffness and the permeability of the infected host cell. Here, we address the effect of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor tadalafil on deformability and permeability of gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. We show that this inhibitor drastically increases isosmotic lysis of gametocyte-infected erythrocytes and impairs their ability to circulate in an in vitro model for splenic retention. These findings indicate that tadalafil represents a novel drug lead potentially capable of blocking malaria parasite transmission by impacting gametocyte circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Esther N'Dri
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Ludivine Royer
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lavazec
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
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9
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Zou Y, Takeda R, Han J, Konno H, Moriwaki H, Abe H, Izawa K, Soloshonok VA. Asymmetric Synthesis of
N
‐Fmoc‐(
S
)‐7‐aza‐tryptophan via Alkylation of Chiral Nucleophilic Glycine Equivalent. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yupiao Zou
- Jiangsu Co – Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road 210037 Nanjing China
| | - Ryosuke Takeda
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd. 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku 533-0024 Osaka Japan
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co – Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road 210037 Nanjing China
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa 992-8510 Yamagata Japan
| | - Hiroki Moriwaki
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd. 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku 533-0024 Osaka Japan
| | - Hidenori Abe
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd. 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku 533-0024 Osaka Japan
| | - Kunisuke Izawa
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd. 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku 533-0024 Osaka Japan
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Alameda Urquijo 36–5, Plaza Bizkaia 48011 Bilbao Spain
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10
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Kamboj A, Sihag B, Brar DS, Kaur A, Salunke DB. Structure activity relationship in β-carboline derived anti-malarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113536. [PMID: 34058709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malaria, even though an avoidable and treatable disease, can be fatal if ignored. Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) and RTS, S/AS01 vaccine (Mosquirix™) are the only modest means available with humans to overcome malaria, a lethal affliction wreaking havoc across the globe. Employment of ACT is associated with problems such as 'Artemisinin Resistance' and the 'Hypnozoite conundrum' that hinder the complete eradication of malaria. In this view, the natural products specifically comprising β-carboline scaffold have shown good antiplasmodial responses against different strains of malaria. Taking these observations forward, researchers have performed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies around three different β-carboline skeletons (tetrahydro β-carbolines, dihydro β-carbolines, β-carbolines) to design new β-carboline derived heterocyclic structures or modified naturally occurring derivatives. In addition, different approaches such as dimerization and linkage to other moieties have also been adopted to enhance the antimalarial activity. The present review describes a comprehensive SAR study encapsulating various natural and synthetic β-carbolines to elaborate upon the utility of these skeletons in designing drugs to subdue this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarzoo Kamboj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Binita Sihag
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Deshkanwar Singh Brar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Arshpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Deepak B Salunke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics and Antimicrobials, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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11
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Mieczkowski A, Speina E, Trzybiński D, Winiewska-Szajewska M, Wińska P, Borsuk EM, Podsiadła-Białoskórska M, Przygodzki T, Drabikowski K, Stanczyk L, Zhukov I, Watala C, Woźniak K. Diketopiperazine-Based, Flexible Tadalafil Analogues: Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Biological Activity Profile. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040794. [PMID: 33546456 PMCID: PMC7913621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) is one of the most extensively studied phosphodiesterases that is highly specific for cyclic-GMP hydrolysis. PDE5 became a target for drug development based on its efficacy for treatment of erectile dysfunction. In the present study, we synthesized four novel analogues of the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor-tadalafil, which differs in (i) ligand flexibility (rigid structure of tadalafil vs. conformational flexibility of newly synthesized compounds), (ii) stereochemistry associated with applied amino acid building blocks, and (iii) substitution with bromine atom in the piperonyl moiety. For both the intermediate and final compounds as well as for the parent molecule, we have established the crystal structures and performed a detailed analysis of their structural features. The initial screening of the cytotoxic effect on 16 different human cancer and non-cancer derived cell lines revealed that in most cases, the parent compound exhibited a stronger cytotoxic effect than new derivatives, except for two cell lines: HEK 293T (derived from a normal embryonic kidney, that expresses a mutant version of SV40 large T antigen) and MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma). Two independent studies on the inhibition of PDE5 activity, based on both pure enzyme assay and modulation of the release of nitric oxide from platelets under the influence of tadalafil and its analogues revealed that, unlike a reference compound that showed strong PDE5 inhibitory activity, the newly obtained compounds did not have a noticeable effect on PDE5 activity in the range of concentrations tested. Finally, we performed an investigation of the toxicological effect of synthesized compounds on Caenorhabditis elegans in the highest applied concentration of 6a,b and 7a,b (160 μM) and did not find any effect that would suggest disturbance to the life cycle of Caenorhabditis elegans. The lack of toxicity observed in Caenorhabditis elegans and enhanced, strengthened selectivity and activity toward the MCF7 cell line made 7a,b good leading structures for further structure activity optimization and makes 7a,b a reasonable starting point for the search of new, selective cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Mieczkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-592-3506
| | - Elżbieta Speina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (D.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Maria Winiewska-Szajewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Patrycja Wińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewelina M. Borsuk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Małgorzata Podsiadła-Białoskórska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Przygodzki
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland; (T.P.); (L.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Krzysztof Drabikowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Lidia Stanczyk
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland; (T.P.); (L.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Igor Zhukov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (M.W.-S.); (E.M.B.); (M.P.-B.); (K.D.); (I.Z.)
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland; (T.P.); (L.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (D.T.); (K.W.)
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12
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Kadari L, Erb W, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Lyakhov D, Roisnel T, Radha Krishna P, Mongin F. On the
N
‐Arylation of Acetamide Using 2‐, 3‐ and 1’‐Substituted Iodoferrocenes**. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingaswamy Kadari
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - William Erb
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO Chair of Belarusian State University 14 Leningradskaya Str. Minsk 220030 Belarus
| | - Oleg A. Ivashkevich
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University 14 Leningradskaya Str. Minsk 220030 Belarus
| | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University 14 Leningradskaya Str. Minsk 220030 Belarus
| | - Dmitry Lyakhov
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Palakodety Radha Krishna
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Florence Mongin
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
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13
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Probing the B- & C-rings of the antimalarial tetrahydro-β-carboline MMV008138 for steric and conformational constraints. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127520. [PMID: 32898696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The antimalarial candidate MMV008138 (1a) is of particular interest because its target enzyme (IspD) is absent in human. To achieve higher potency, and to probe for steric demand, a series of analogs of 1a were prepared that featured methyl-substitution of the B- and C-rings, as well as ring-chain transformations. X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and calculation were used to study the effects of these modifications on the conformation of the C-ring and orientation of the D-ring. Unfortunately, all the B- and C-ring analogs explored lost in vitro antimalarial activity. The possible role of steric effects and conformational changes on target engagement are discussed.
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14
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Gorki V, Walter NS, Singh R, Chauhan M, Dhingra N, Salunke DB, Kaur S. β-Carboline Derivatives Tackling Malaria: Biological Evaluation and Docking Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17993-18006. [PMID: 32743172 PMCID: PMC7391373 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing resistance to presently available antimalarial drugs urges the need to look for new promising compounds. The β-carboline moiety, present in several biologically active natural products and drugs, is an important scaffold for antimalarial drug discovery. The present study explores the antimalarial activity of a β-carboline derivative (1R,3S)-methyl 1-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate (9a) alone in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo in combination therapy with the standard drug artesunate against Plasmodium berghei. Compound 9a inhibited both 3D7 and RKL-9 strains of P. falciparum with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) < 1 μg/mL, respectively. The compound was nontoxic (50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) > 640 μg/mL) to normal dermal fibroblasts. Selectivity index was >10 against both the strains. The compound exhibited considerable in vivo antimalarial activity (median effective dose (ED50) = 27.74 mg/kg) in monotherapy. The combination of 9a (100 mg/kg) and artesunate (50 mg/kg) resulted in 99.69% chemosuppression on day 5 along with a mean survival time of 25.8 ± 4.91 days with complete parasite clearance. Biochemical studies indicated the safety of the HIT compound to hepatic and renal functions of mice. Molecular docking also highlighted the suitability of 9a as a potential antimalarial candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Gorki
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neha Sylvia Walter
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Monika Chauhan
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Deepak B. Salunke
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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15
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Xie J, Xu W, Song H, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang Q. Synthesis and Antiviral/Fungicidal/Insecticidal Activities Study of Novel Chiral Indole Diketopiperazine Derivatives Containing Acylhydrazone Moiety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5555-5571. [PMID: 32343564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the mechanism of acylhydrazone compounds inhibiting the assembly of TMV CP and the unique structural characteristics of diketopiperazine ring, a series of optically pure indole diketopiperazine acylhydrazone were designed and synthesized. In order to systematically study the effect of the spatial configuration of the compounds on the antiviral activity, four compounds with different spatial configurations at C6 and C12a were also prepared. The bioassay results indicated that most of these new compounds displayed moderate to good antiviral activity, among which compounds 23, 25, 27, 28, 31, and 5d showed a significantly higher activity than that of commercial ribavirin. An in-depth structure-activity relationship investigation showed that the spatial conformation was one of the most important factors in adjusting antiviral activity; the research results provided information about the possible optimum configuration for interaction of this molecular with its target protein. At the same time, these new compounds also exhibited broad-spectrum fungicidal activities against 14 kinds of phytopathogenic fungi. What's more, some of these compounds exhibited good insecticidal activity to Plutella xylostella and Culex pipiens pallens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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16
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Salado IG, Singh AK, Moreno-Cinos C, Sakaine G, Siderius M, Van der Veken P, Matheeussen A, van der Meer T, Sadek P, Gul S, Maes L, Sterk GJ, Leurs R, Brown D, Augustyns K. Lead Optimization of Phthalazinone Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors as Novel Antitrypanosomal Compounds. J Med Chem 2020; 63:3485-3507. [PMID: 32196340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis is causing thousands of deaths every year in the rural areas of Africa. In this manuscript we describe the optimization of a family of phtalazinone derivatives. Phosphodiesterases have emerged as attractive molecular targets for a novel treatment for a variety of neglected parasitic diseases. Compound 1 resulted in being a potent TbrPDEB1 inhibitor with interesting activity against T. brucei in a phenotypic screen. Derivative 1 was studied in an acute in vivo mouse disease model but unfortunately showed no efficacy due to low metabolic stability. We report structural modifications to achieve compounds with an improved metabolic stability while maintaining high potency against TbrPDEB1 and T. brucei. Compound 14 presented a good microsomal stability in mouse and human microsomes and provides a good starting point for future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene G Salado
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abhimanyu K Singh
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Moreno-Cinos
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guna Sakaine
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marco Siderius
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Van der Veken
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Matheeussen
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tiffany van der Meer
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Payman Sadek
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer-IME SP, Schnackenburgallee 114, Hamburg 22525, Germany
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert-Jan Sterk
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Brown
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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17
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Nie B, Wu W, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Zhang J. Recent advances in the synthesis of bridgehead (or ring-junction) nitrogen heterocycles via transition metal-catalyzed C–H bond activation and functionalization. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00510j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An update on recent advances in the synthesis of bridgehead nitrogen fused heterocycles via transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation and functionalization is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development (NO. 2015DQ780357)
- Sunshine Lake Pharma Co
- Ltd
- HEC R&D Center
- Dongguan, 523871
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Ji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development (NO. 2015DQ780357)
- Sunshine Lake Pharma Co
- Ltd
- HEC R&D Center
- Dongguan, 523871
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18
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Andrade CH, Neves BJ, Melo-Filho CC, Rodrigues J, Silva DC, Braga RC, Cravo PVL. In Silico Chemogenomics Drug Repositioning Strategies for Neglected Tropical Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180309114824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Only ~1% of all drug candidates against Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)
have reached clinical trials in the last decades, underscoring the need for new, safe and effective
treatments. In such context, drug repositioning, which allows finding novel indications
for approved drugs whose pharmacokinetic and safety profiles are already known,
emerging as a promising strategy for tackling NTDs. Chemogenomics is a direct descendent
of the typical drug discovery process that involves the systematic screening of chemical
compounds against drug targets in high-throughput screening (HTS) efforts, for the identification
of lead compounds. However, different to the one-drug-one-target paradigm, chemogenomics
attempts to identify all potential ligands for all possible targets and diseases. In
this review, we summarize current methodological development efforts in drug repositioning
that use state-of-the-art computational ligand- and structure-based chemogenomics approaches.
Furthermore, we highlighted the recent progress in computational drug repositioning
for some NTDs, based on curation and modeling of genomic, biological, and chemical data.
Additionally, we also present in-house and other successful examples and suggest possible solutions
to existing pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Horta Andrade
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Bruno Junior Neves
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Cleber Camilo Melo-Filho
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rodrigues
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Diego Cabral Silva
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Rodolpho Campos Braga
- LabMol - Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Pedro Vitor Lemos Cravo
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Centro Universitario de Anapolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anapolis, GO, 75083-515, Brazil
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19
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Cagašová K, Ghavami M, Yao ZK, Carlier PR. Questioning the γ-gauche effect: stereoassignment of 1,3-disubstituted-tetrahydro-β-carbolines using 1H- 1H coupling constants. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6687-6698. [PMID: 31232413 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Pictet-Spengler reaction of tryptophan esters and aldehydes has been widely applied in natural product synthesis and medicinal chemistry. To date, the trans- or cis-configuration of 1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) formed in this reaction has most often been assigned based on the relative 13C chemical shifts of C1 and C3 in the diastereomers. Although the upfield shifts of C1 and C3 in trans-THβCs relative to cis-THβCs has been attributed to steric compression associated with the "γ-gauche" effect, we show that this effect is not borne out experimentally for other carbons that should suffer this same compression. Thus we developed a robust alternative method for stereochemical assignment based on 1H NMR coupling constants (31 examples) and supported by extensive DFT-based conformational analysis and calculation of 1H-1H coupling constants. DFT calculations of 13C NMR chemical shifts also cast doubt upon the role of the "γ-gauche" effect on C1 and C3 chemical shifts in trans-THβCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Cagašová
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Hahn Hall South, 800 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
| | - Maryam Ghavami
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Hahn Hall South, 800 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
| | - Zhong-Ke Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Hahn Hall South, 800 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
| | - Paul R Carlier
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Hahn Hall South, 800 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
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20
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de Oliveira AA, Neves BJ, Silva LDC, Soares CMDA, Andrade CH, Pereira M. Drug Repurposing for Paracoccidioidomycosis Through a Computational Chemogenomics Framework. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1301. [PMID: 31244810 PMCID: PMC6581699 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent endemic mycosis in Latin America. The disease is caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides and mainly affects low-income rural workers after inhalation of fungal conidia suspended in the air. The current arsenal of chemotherapeutic agents requires long-term administration protocols. In addition, chemotherapy is related to a significantly increased frequency of disease relapse, high toxicity, and incomplete elimination of the fungus. Due to the limitations of current anti-PCM drugs, we developed a computational drug repurposing-chemogenomics approach to identify approved drugs or drug candidates in clinical trials with anti-PCM activity. In contrast to the one-drug-one-target paradigm, our chemogenomics approach attempts to predict interactions between drugs, and Paracoccidioides protein targets. To achieve this goal, we designed a workflow with the following steps: (a) compilation and preparation of Paracoccidioides spp. genome data; (b) identification of orthologous proteins among the isolates; (c) identification of homologous proteins in publicly available drug-target databases; (d) selection of Paracoccidioides essential targets using validated genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (e) homology modeling and molecular docking studies; and (f) experimental validation of selected candidates. We prioritized 14 compounds. Two antineoplastic drug candidates (vistusertib and BGT-226) predicted to be inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase TOR2 showed antifungal activity at low micromolar concentrations (<10 μM). Four antifungal azole drugs (bifonazole, luliconazole, butoconazole, and sertaconazole) showed antifungal activity at low nanomolar concentrations, validating our methodology. The results suggest our strategy for predicting new anti-PCM drugs is useful. Finally, we could recommend hit-to-lead optimization studies to improve potency and selectivity, as well as pharmaceutical formulations to improve oral bioavailability of the antifungal azoles identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Laboratório de Cheminformática, Centro Universitário de Anápolis, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Bruno Junior Neves
- Laboratório de Cheminformática, Centro Universitário de Anápolis, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Lívia do Carmo Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Horta Andrade
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Design de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Maristela Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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21
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Druggable Targets in Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling Pathways in Apicomplexan Parasites and Kinetoplastids against Disabling Protozoan Diseases in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010138. [PMID: 30609697 PMCID: PMC6337498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell signaling in eukaryotes is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to respond and adapt to various environmental changes. In general, signal sensation is mediated by a receptor which transfers the signal to a cascade of effector proteins. The cyclic nucleotides 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are intracellular messengers mediating an extracellular stimulus to cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases driving a change in cell function. In apicomplexan parasites and kinetoplastids, which are responsible for a variety of neglected, tropical diseases, unique mechanisms of cyclic nucleotide signaling are currently identified. Collectively, cyclic nucleotides seem to be essential for parasitic proliferation and differentiation. However, there is no a genomic evidence for canonical G-proteins in these parasites while small GTPases and secondary effector proteins with structural differences to host orthologues occur. Database entries encoding G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are still without functional proof. Instead, signals from the parasite trigger GPCR-mediated signaling in the host during parasite invasion and egress. The role of cyclic nucleotide signaling in the absence of G-proteins and GPCRs, with a particular focus on small GTPases in pathogenesis, is reviewed here. Due to the absence of G-proteins, apicomplexan parasites and kinetoplastids may use small GTPases or their secondary effector proteins and host canonical G-proteins during infection. Thus, the feasibility of targeting cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways in these parasites, will be an enormous challenge for the identification of selective, pharmacological inhibitors since canonical host proteins also contribute to pathogenesis.
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22
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Gorki V, Singh R, Walter NS, Bagai U, Salunke DB. Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiplasmodial Efficacy of β-Carboline Derivatives against Murine Malaria. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:13200-13210. [PMID: 30411030 PMCID: PMC6217594 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of developing an efficient malaria vaccine along with increasing spread of multidrug resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum to the available antimalarial drugs poses the need to discover safe and efficacious antimalarial drugs to control malaria. An alternative strategy is to synthesize compounds possessing structures similar to the active natural products or marketed drugs. Several biologically active natural products and drugs contain β-carboline moiety. In the present study, few selected β-carboline derivatives have been synthesized and tested for their in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity against the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei (NK-65). The designed analogs exhibited considerable in vitro antimalarial activity. Two compounds (1R,3S)-methyl 1-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate (9a) and (1R,3S)-methyl 1-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate (9b) were further selected for in vivo studies. Both the lead compounds (9a and 9b) were observed to be safe for oral administration. The therapeutic effective dose (ED50) for 9a and 9b were determined and in the animal model, 9a (at 50 mg/kg dose) exhibited better activity in terms of parasite clearance and enhancement of host survival. Biochemical investigations also point toward the safety of the compound to the hepatic and renal functions of the rodent host. Further studies are underway to explore its activity alone as well as in combination therapy with artesunate against the human malaria parasite P. falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Gorki
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, and Department of Chemistry and Centre
of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, and Department of Chemistry and Centre
of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neha Sylvia Walter
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, and Department of Chemistry and Centre
of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Upma Bagai
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, and Department of Chemistry and Centre
of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Deepak B. Salunke
- Parasitology
Laboratory, Department of Zoology, and Department of Chemistry and Centre
of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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23
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Baker DA, Drought LG, Flueck C, Nofal SD, Patel A, Penzo M, Walker EM. Cyclic nucleotide signalling in malaria parasites. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170213. [PMID: 29263246 PMCID: PMC5746546 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotides 3′, 5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3′, 5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are intracellular messengers found in most animal cell types. They usually mediate an extracellular stimulus to drive a change in cell function through activation of their respective cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, PKA and PKG. The enzymatic components of the malaria parasite cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways have been identified, and the genetic and biochemical studies of these enzymes carried out to date are reviewed herein. What has become very clear is that cyclic nucleotides play vital roles in controlling every stage of the complex malaria parasite life cycle. Our understanding of the involvement of cyclic nucleotide signalling in orchestrating the complex biology of malaria parasites is still in its infancy, but the recent advances in our genetic tools and the increasing interest in signalling will deliver more rapid progress in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Baker
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Laura G Drought
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Christian Flueck
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Stephanie D Nofal
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Avnish Patel
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Maria Penzo
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.,Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eloise M Walker
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
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Burford NT, Watson J, Alt A. Standard Curves Are Necessary to Determine Pharmacological Properties for Ligands in Functional Assays Using Competition Binding Technologies. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2018; 15:320-329. [PMID: 29120673 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2017.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogeneous functional assays that utilize competition binding technology are widely used for determining pharmacological properties such as intrinsic activity and potency. One example is time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) assays, where labeled cAMP (tracer) and a labeled anti-cAMP antibody bind together to produce a TR-FRET signal when the two constituents are proximal to each other. This signal is disrupted when unlabeled and cellularly generated cAMP competes with the tracer cAMP for binding to the labeled antibody. It is important that the resulting assay signal, usually expressed as a TR-FRET ratio, be transformed to cAMP concentration using a cAMP standard curve. However, examples are still generated in the literature wherein investigators have used the ratiometric signal (not transformed using a standard curve) to determine values for intrinsic activity and potency of ligands. Untransformed raw data often produce reasonable looking sigmoidal concentration response curves, perhaps tempting investigators to use the raw data instead of the transformed data for applying pharmacological models. In this article, we describe the correct procedure for determining the potency and intrinsic activity of ligands that result in changes in cAMP levels using a lysate dilution assay of GLP-1 (7-36)-mediated TR-FRET cAMP accumulation and simulated data. We also highlight how the inappropriate use of raw signal data can dramatically affect interpretation of intrinsic activity and potency of ligands, and how this can adversely affect drug discovery programs. These findings apply not only to cAMP functional assays but also to other functional cellular signaling assays that utilize competition binding technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Burford
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Wallingford, Connecticut
| | - John Watson
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Wallingford, Connecticut
| | - Andrew Alt
- 2 Arvinas, Inc. , New Haven, Connecticut
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25
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Wang DL, Xu J, Tang YX, Ma W, Yan L. A Facile Ultrasound Assisted for an Efficient Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-fused β-Carbolines. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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27
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Kholiya R, Khan SI, Bahuguna A, Tripathi M, Rawat DS. N-Piperonyl substitution on aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids: Effect on the antiplasmodial potency. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 131:126-140. [PMID: 28315598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-aminoquinoline-piperonyl-pyrimidine hybrids were synthesized with the aim of identifying compounds with enhanced antimalarial activity. All the synthesized molecules were evaluated in vitro against cultured Plasmodium falciparum W2 and D6 strains and exhibited potent antiplasmodial activities with IC50 values in the range of 0.02-5.16 μM. Out of the 22 synthesised hybrids, 12 were found to be better (up to eight-fold more active) than chloroquine (CQ), particularly against the CQ-resistant W2 strain of P. falciparum with no significant cytotoxicity towards the mammalian cells. Mechanistic studies reveal that these compounds bind with heme and computational docking studies showed good docking interactions within the active site of Pf-DHFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kholiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Centre for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Aparna Bahuguna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohit Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Diwan S Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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28
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Nagaraju V, Purnachander D, Goutham K, Suresh S, Sridhar B, Karunakar GV. Synthesis of Tetracyclic Tetrahydro-β-carbolines by Acid-Promoted One-Pot Sequential Formation of C−C and C−N Bonds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vemu Nagaraju
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Dalovai Purnachander
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Kommuru Goutham
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Division of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Galla V. Karunakar
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
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29
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Chandrasekhar D, Borra S, Nanubolu JB, Maurya RA. Visible Light Driven Photocascade Catalysis: Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/TBHP-Mediated Synthesis of Fused β-Carbolines in Batch and Flow Microreactors. Org Lett 2016; 18:2974-7. [PMID: 27226119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carbolines were coupled with α-keto vinyl azides through an unprecedented visible light-Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/TBHP mediated photocascade strategy that involves photosensitization, photoredox catalysis and [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The scope and scale-up feasibility of the photocascade strategy was demonstrated by synthesizing 18 different fused β-carbolines in moderate to good yields using batch and continuous flow microreactor. This operationally simple synthetic protocol allows the formation of one C-C and two C-N new bonds in the overall transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology , Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
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30
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Howard BL, Harvey KL, Stewart RJ, Azevedo MF, Crabb BS, Jennings IG, Sanders PR, Manallack DT, Thompson PE, Tonkin CJ, Gilson PR. Identification of potent phosphodiesterase inhibitors that demonstrate cyclic nucleotide-dependent functions in apicomplexan parasites. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1145-54. [PMID: 25555060 DOI: 10.1021/cb501004q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agents of severe malaria and toxoplasmosis, respectively, undergo several critical developmental transitions during their lifecycle. Most important for human pathogenesis is the asexual cycle, in which parasites undergo rounds of host cell invasion, replication, and egress (exit), destroying host cell tissue in the process. Previous work has identified important roles for Protein Kinase G (PKG) and Protein Kinase A (PKA) in parasite egress and invasion, yet little is understood about the regulation of cyclic nucleotides, cGMP and cAMP, that activate these enzymes. To address this, we have focused upon the development of inhibitors of 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) to block the breakdown of cyclic nucleotides. This was done by repurposing human PDE inhibitors noting various similarities of the human and apicomplexan PDE binding sites. The most potent inhibitors blocked the in vitro proliferation of P. falciparum and T. gondii more potently than the benchmark compound zaprinast. 5-Benzyl-3-isopropyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one (BIPPO) was found to be a potent inhibitor of recombinant P. falciparum PfPDEα and activated PKG-dependent egress of T. gondii and P. falciparum, likely by promoting the exocytosis of micronemes, an activity that was reversed by a specific Protein Kinase G inhibitor. BIPPO also promotes cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of a P. falciparum ligand critical for host cell invasion, suggesting that the compound inhibits single or multiple PDE isoforms that regulate both cGMP and cAMP levels. BIPPO is therefore a useful tool for the dissection of signal transduction pathways in apicomplexan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Howard
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine L. Harvey
- Macfarlane Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca J. Stewart
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department
of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Brendan S. Crabb
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Macfarlane Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian G. Jennings
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - David T. Manallack
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip E. Thompson
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Tonkin
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department
of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul R. Gilson
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Macfarlane Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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31
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Cyclic GMP balance is critical for malaria parasite transmission from the mosquito to the mammalian host. mBio 2015; 6:e02330. [PMID: 25784701 PMCID: PMC4453516 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02330-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission of malaria occurs during Anopheles mosquito vector blood meals, when Plasmodium sporozoites that have invaded the mosquito salivary glands are delivered to the mammalian host. Sporozoites display a unique form of motility that is essential for their movement across cellular host barriers and invasion of hepatocytes. While the molecular machinery powering motility and invasion is increasingly well defined, the signaling events that control these essential parasite activities have not been clearly delineated. Here, we identify a phosphodiesterase (PDEγ) in Plasmodium, a regulator of signaling through cyclic nucleotide second messengers. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and epitope tagging of endogenous PDEγ detected its expression in blood stages and sporozoites of Plasmodium yoelii. Deletion of PDEγ (pdeγ−) rendered sporozoites nonmotile, and they failed to invade the mosquito salivary glands. Consequently, PDEγ deletion completely blocked parasite transmission by mosquito bite. Strikingly, pdeγ− sporozoites showed dramatically elevated levels of cyclic GMP (cGMP), indicating that a perturbation in cyclic nucleotide balance is involved in the observed phenotypic defects. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of pdeγ− sporozoites revealed reduced transcript abundance of genes that encode key components of the motility and invasion apparatus. Our data reveal a crucial role for PDEγ in maintaining the cyclic nucleotide balance in the malaria parasite sporozoite stage, which in turn is essential for parasite transmission from mosquito to mammal. Malaria is a formidable threat to human health worldwide, and there is an urgent need to identify novel drug targets for this parasitic disease. The parasite is transmitted by mosquito bite, inoculating the host with infectious sporozoite stages. We show that cellular signaling by cyclic nucleotides is critical for transmission of the parasite from the mosquito vector to the mammalian host. Parasite phosphodiesterase γ is essential for maintaining cyclic nucleotide balance, and its deletion blocks transmission of sporozoites. A deeper understanding of the signaling mechanisms involved in transmission might inform the discovery of novel drugs that interrupt this essential step in the parasite life cycle.
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32
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Viveros-Ceballos JL, Sayago FJ, Cativiela C, Ordóñez M. First Practical and Efficient Synthesis of 3-Phosphorylated β-Carboline Derivatives Using the Pictet-Spengler Reaction. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Chandrasekhar D, Borra S, Kapure JS, Shivaji GS, Srinivasulu G, Maurya RA. Visible-light photoredox catalysis: direct synthesis of fused β-carbolines through an oxidation/[3 + 2] cycloaddition/oxidative aromatization reaction cascade in batch and flow microreactors. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fused β-carbolines were synthesized via a visible light photoredox catalyzed oxidation/[3 + 2] cycloaddition/oxidative aromatization reaction cascade in batch and flow microreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Chandrasekhar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - Satheesh Borra
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | | | | | - Gannoju Srinivasulu
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Hyderabad-500035
- India
| | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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34
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Khan I, Khan S, Tyagi V, Chouhan PS, Chauhan PMS. Diversity-oriented reconstruction of primitive diketopiperazine-fused tetrahydro-β-carboline ring systems via Pictet–Spengler/Ugi-4CR/deprotection-cyclization reactions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17259d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An expedient construction of tetrahydro-β-carbolinediketopiperazine ring systems, which are present in various indole alkaloids, is documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Khan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Vikas Tyagi
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Pradeep Singh Chouhan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Prem M. S. Chauhan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
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35
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Ábrányi-Balogh P, Dancsó A, Frigyes D, Volk B, Keglevich G, Milen M. Convenient synthesis of 1-aryl-9H-β-carboline-3-carbaldehydes and their transformation into dihydropyrimidinone derivatives by Biginelli reaction. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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36
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Woodring JL, Pollastri MP. Inhibitors of Protozoan Phosphodiesterases as Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Tropical Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527682348.ch12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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37
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Njoroge M, Njuguna NM, Mutai P, Ongarora DSB, Smith PW, Chibale K. Recent approaches to chemical discovery and development against malaria and the neglected tropical diseases human African trypanosomiasis and schistosomiasis. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11138-63. [PMID: 25014712 DOI: 10.1021/cr500098f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paul W Smith
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases , Singapore 138670, Singapore
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38
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Jida M, Tourwé D, Ballet S. Highly stereoselective one-pot construction of trisubstituted tetrahydro-β-carboline-fused diketopiperazines: a synthetic route towards cialis analogues. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05981f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and efficient synthetic method for the stereoselective preparation of trisubstituted tetrahydro-β-carboline-fused diketopiperazine derivatives is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamad Jida
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry
- Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry
- Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry
- Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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39
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Dong J, Meng TZ, Shi XX, Zou WH, Lu X. Highly stereoselective transformation of (1S,3S)-cis-1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines into (1S,3R)-trans-1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines: an improved asymmetric synthesis of tadalafil from l-tryptophan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Patel G, Karver CE, Behera R, Guyett PJ, Sullenberger C, Edwards P, Roncal NE, Mensa-Wilmot K, Pollastri MP. Kinase scaffold repurposing for neglected disease drug discovery: discovery of an efficacious, lapatinib-derived lead compound for trypanosomiasis. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3820-32. [PMID: 23597080 DOI: 10.1021/jm400349k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei . Because drugs in use against HAT are toxic and require intravenous dosing, new drugs are needed. Initiating lead discovery campaigns by using chemical scaffolds from drugs approved for other indications can speed up drug discovery for neglected diseases. We demonstrated recently that the 4-anilinoquinazolines lapatinib (GW572016, 1) and canertinib (CI-1033) kill T. brucei with low micromolar EC50 values. We now report promising activity of analogues of 1, which provided an excellent starting point for optimization of the chemotype. Our compound optimization that has led to synthesis of several potent 4-anilinoquinazolines, including NEU617, 23a, a highly potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of trypanosome replication. At the cellular level, 23a blocks duplication of the kinetoplast and arrests cytokinesis, making it a new chemical tool for studying regulation of the trypanosome cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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41
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Airaghi F, Fiorati A, Lesma G, Musolino M, Sacchetti A, Silvani A. The diketopiperazine-fused tetrahydro-β-carboline scaffold as a model peptidomimetic with an unusual α-turn secondary structure. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:147-54. [PMID: 23399789 PMCID: PMC3566863 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at restricting the conformational freedom of tryptophan-containing peptide ligands, we designed a THBC (tetrahydro-β-carboline)-DKP (diketopiperazine)-based peptidomimetic scaffold capable of arranging in an unusual α-turn conformation. The synthesis is based on a diastereoselective Pictet–Spengler condensation to give the THBC core, followed by an intramolecular lactamization to complete the tetracyclic THBC-DKP fused ring system. The presence of conformers bearing the intramolecular thirteen-membered hydrogen bond that characterizes the α-turn structure is confirmed by 1H NMR conformational studies. To the best of our knowledge, this scaffold represents one of the rare examples of a designed constrained α-turn mimic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Airaghi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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42
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Deprez-Poulain R, Flipo M, Piveteau C, Leroux F, Dassonneville S, Florent I, Maes L, Cos P, Deprez B. Structure-activity relationships and blood distribution of antiplasmodial aminopeptidase-1 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10909-17. [PMID: 23176597 DOI: 10.1021/jm301506h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a severe infectious disease that causes between 655,000 and 1.2 million deaths annually. To overcome the resistance to current drugs, new biological targets are needed for drug development. Aminopeptidase M1 (PfAM1), a zinc metalloprotease, has been proposed as a new drug target to fight malaria. Herein, we disclosed the structure-activity relationships of a selective family of hydroxamate PfAM1 inhibitors based on the malonic template. In particular, we performed a "fluoro-scanning" around hit 1 that enlightened the key positions of the halogen for activity. The docking of the best inhibitor 2 is consistent with in vitro results. The stability of 2 was evaluated in microsomes, in plasma, and toward glutathione. The in vivo distribution study performed with the nanomolar hydroxamate inhibitor 2 (BDM14471) revealed that it reaches its site of action. However, it fails to kill the parasite at concentrations relevant to the enzymatic inhibitory potency, suggesting that killing the parasite remains a challenge for potent and druglike catalytic-site binding PfAM1 inhibitors. In all, this study provides important insights for the design of inhibitors of PfAM1 and the validity of this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Deprez-Poulain
- INSERM U761, Biostructures and Drug Discovery and Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille Nord de France, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, Lille F-59000, France.
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43
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Orrling KM, Jansen C, Vu XL, Balmer V, Bregy P, Shanmugham A, England P, Bailey D, Cos P, Maes L, Adams E, van den Bogaart E, Chatelain E, Ioset JR, van de Stolpe A, Zorg S, Veerman J, Seebeck T, Sterk GJ, de Esch IJP, Leurs R. Catechol pyrazolinones as trypanocidals: fragment-based design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of nanomolar inhibitors of trypanosomal phosphodiesterase B1. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8745-56. [PMID: 22963052 DOI: 10.1021/jm301059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomal phosphodiesterases B1 and B2 (TbrPDEB1 and TbrPDEB2) play an important role in the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative parasite of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness. We used homology modeling and docking studies to guide fragment growing into the parasite-specific P-pocket in the enzyme binding site. The resulting catechol pyrazolinones act as potent TbrPDEB1 inhibitors with IC₅₀ values down to 49 nM. The compounds also block parasite proliferation (e.g., VUF13525 (20b): T. brucei rhodesiense IC₅₀ = 60 nM, T. brucei brucei IC₅₀ = 520 nM, T. cruzi = 7.6 μM), inducing a typical multiple nuclei and kinetoplast phenotype without being generally cytotoxic. The mode of action of 20b was investigated with recombinantly engineered trypanosomes expressing a cAMP-sensitive FRET sensor, confirming a dose-response related increase of intracellular cAMP levels in trypanosomes. Our findings further validate the TbrPDEB family as antitrypanosomal target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Orrling
- Leiden/Amsterdam Centre of Drug Research-LACDR, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems- AIMMS, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Ochiana SO, Pandarinath V, Wang Z, Kapoor R, Ondrechen MJ, Ruben L, Pollastri MP. The human Aurora kinase inhibitor danusertib is a lead compound for anti-trypanosomal drug discovery via target repurposing. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 62:777-84. [PMID: 22889561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New drugs for neglected tropical diseases such as human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are needed, yet drug discovery efforts are not often focused on this area due to cost. Target repurposing, achieved by the matching of essential parasite enzymes to those human enzymes that have been successfully inhibited by small molecule drugs, provides an attractive means by which new drug optimization programs can be pragmatically initiated. In this report we describe our results in repurposing an established class of human Aurora kinase inhibitors, typified by danusertib (1), which we have observed to be an inhibitor of trypanosomal Aurora kinase 1 (TbAUK1) and effective in parasite killing in vitro. Informed by homology modeling and docking, a series of analogs of 1 were prepared that explored the scope of the chemotype and provided a nearly 25-fold improvement in cellular selectivity for parasite cells over human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Ochiana
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hurtig 102, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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45
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Selective inhibitors of protozoan protein N-myristoyltransferases as starting points for tropical disease medicinal chemistry programs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1625. [PMID: 22545171 PMCID: PMC3335879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of N-myristoyltransferase has been validated pre-clinically as a target for the treatment of fungal and trypanosome infections, using species-specific inhibitors. In order to identify inhibitors of protozoan NMTs, we chose to screen a diverse subset of the Pfizer corporate collection against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani NMTs. Primary screening hits against either enzyme were tested for selectivity over both human NMT isoforms (Hs1 and Hs2) and for broad-spectrum anti-protozoan activity against the NMT from Trypanosoma brucei. Analysis of the screening results has shown that structure-activity relationships (SAR) for Leishmania NMT are divergent from all other NMTs tested, a finding not predicted by sequence similarity calculations, resulting in the identification of four novel series of Leishmania-selective NMT inhibitors. We found a strong overlap between the SARs for Plasmodium NMT and both human NMTs, suggesting that achieving an appropriate selectivity profile will be more challenging. However, we did discover two novel series with selectivity for Plasmodium NMT over the other NMT orthologues in this study, and an additional two structurally distinct series with selectivity over Leishmania NMT. We believe that release of results from this study into the public domain will accelerate the discovery of NMT inhibitors to treat malaria and leishmaniasis. Our screening initiative is another example of how a tripartite partnership involving pharmaceutical industries, academic institutions and governmental/non-governmental organisations such as Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust can stimulate research for neglected diseases. Inhibition of N-myristoyltransferase has been validated pre-clinically as a target for the treatment of fungal and trypanosome infections, using species-specific inhibitors. In order to identify inhibitors of protozoan NMTs, we chose to screen a diverse subset of the Pfizer corporate collection against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani NMTs. Primary screening hits against either enzyme were tested for selectivity over both human NMT isoforms (HsNMT1 and HsNMT2) and for broad-spectrum anti-protozoan activity against the NMT from Trypanosoma brucei. We have identified eight series of protozoan NMT inhibitors, six having good selectivity for either Plasmodium or Leishmania NMTs over the other orthologues in this study. We believe that all of these series could form the basis of medicinal chemistry programs to deliver drug candidates against either malaria or leishmaniasis. Our screening initiative is another example of how a tripartite partnership involving pharmaceutical industries, academic institutions and governmental/non-governmental organisations such as the UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust can stimulate research for neglected diseases.
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46
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Ochiana SO, Gustafson A, Bland ND, Wang C, Russo MJ, Campbell RK, Pollastri MP. Synthesis and evaluation of human phosphodiesterases (PDE) 5 inhibitor analogs as trypanosomal PDE inhibitors. Part 2. Tadalafil analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2582-4. [PMID: 22377518 PMCID: PMC3307956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this Letter we describe our ongoing target repurposing efforts focused on discovery of inhibitors of the essential trypanosomal phosphodiesterase TbrPDEB1. This enzyme has been implicated in virulence of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We outline the synthesis and biological evaluation of analogs of tadalafil, a human PDE5 inhibitor currently utilized for treatment of erectile dysfunction, and report that these analogs are weak inhibitors of TbrPDEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Ochiana
- Northeastern University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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47
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Wang C, Ashton TD, Gustafson A, Bland ND, Ochiana SO, Campbell RK, Pollastri MP. Synthesis and evaluation of human phosphodiesterases (PDE) 5 inhibitor analogs as trypanosomal PDE inhibitors. Part 1. Sildenafil analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2579-81. [PMID: 22370268 PMCID: PMC3307826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases, such as African sleeping sickness, have a significant impact on the health and well-being in the poorest regions of the world. Pragmatic drug discovery efforts are needed to find new therapeutic agents. In this Letter we describe target repurposing efforts focused on trypanosomal phosphodiesterases. We outline the synthesis and biological evaluation of analogs of sildenafil (1), a human PDE5 inhibitor, for activities against trypanosomal PDEB1 (TbrPDEB1). We find that, while low potency analogs can be prepared, this chemical class is a sub-optimal starting point for further development of TbrPDE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Wang
- Northeastern University Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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48
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Beghyn TB, Charton J, Leroux F, Henninot A, Reboule I, Cos P, Maes L, Deprez B. Drug-to-Genome-to-Drug, Step 2: Reversing Selectivity in a Series of Antiplasmodial Compounds. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1274-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201422e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence B. Beghyn
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
| | - Julie Charton
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
| | - Florence Leroux
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
| | - Antoine Henninot
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
| | - Irena Reboule
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory
of Microbiology,
Parasitology, and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical,
and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory
of Microbiology,
Parasitology, and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical,
and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benoit Deprez
- INSERM U761 Biostructures and Drug Discovery, Lille F-59006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lille 2, Lille F-59006, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59021, France
- PRIM , Lille, France
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49
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Bland ND, Wang C, Tallman C, Gustafson AE, Wang Z, Ashton TD, Ochiana SO, McAllister G, Cotter K, Fang AP, Gechijian L, Garceau N, Gangurde R, Ortenberg R, Ondrechen MJ, Campbell RK, Pollastri MP. Pharmacological validation of Trypanosoma brucei phosphodiesterases B1 and B2 as druggable targets for African sleeping sickness. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8188-94. [PMID: 22023548 DOI: 10.1021/jm201148s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neglected tropical disease drug discovery requires application of pragmatic and efficient methods for development of new therapeutic agents. In this report, we describe our target repurposing efforts for the essential phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes TbrPDEB1 and TbrPDEB2 of Trypanosoma brucei , the causative agent for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We describe protein expression and purification, assay development, and benchmark screening of a collection of 20 established human PDE inhibitors. We disclose that the human PDE4 inhibitor piclamilast, and some of its analogues, show modest inhibition of TbrPDEB1 and B2 and quickly kill the bloodstream form of the subspecies T. brucei brucei . We also report the development of a homology model of TbrPDEB1 that is useful for understanding the compound-enzyme interactions and for comparing the parasitic and human enzymes. Our profiling and early medicinal chemistry results strongly suggest that human PDE4 chemotypes represent a better starting point for optimization of TbrPDEB inhibitors than those that target any other human PDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D Bland
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States
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50
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Howard BL, Thompson PE, Manallack DT. Active site similarity between human and Plasmodium falciparum phosphodiesterases: considerations for antimalarial drug design. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2011; 25:753-62. [PMID: 21766240 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-011-9458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The similarity between Plasmodium falciparum phosphodiesterase enzymes (PfPDEs) and their human counterparts have been examined and human PDE9A was found to be a suitable template for the construction of homology models for each of the four PfPDE isoforms. In contrast, the architecture of the active sites of each model was most similar to human PDE1. Molecular docking was able to model cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) substrate binding in each case but a docking mode supporting cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) binding could not be found. Anticipating the potential of PfPDE inhibitors as anti-malarial drugs, a range of reported PDE inhibitors including zaprinast and sildenafil were docked into the model of PfPDEα. The results were consistent with their reported biological activities, and the potential of PDE1/9 inhibitor analogues was also supported by docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Howard
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Action, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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