1
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Xi M, Zhu J, Zhang F, Shen H, Chen J, Xiao Z, Huangfu Y, Wu C, Sun H, Xia G. Antibody-drug conjugates for targeted cancer therapy: Recent advances in potential payloads. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116709. [PMID: 39068862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a promising cancer therapy modality which specifically delivers highly toxic payloads to cancer cells through antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). To date, 15 ADCs have been approved and more than 100 ADC candidates have advanced to clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. Among these ADCs, microtubule-targeting and DNA-damaging agents are at the forefront of payload development. However, several challenges including toxicity and drug resistance limit the potential of this modality. To tackle these issues, multiple innovative payloads such as immunomodulators and proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are incorporated into ADCs to enable multimodal cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the mechanism of ADCs, highlight the importance of ADC payloads and summarize recent progresses of conventional and unconventional ADC payloads, trying to provide an insight into payload diversification as a key step in future ADC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Xi
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
| | - Hualiang Shen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Ziyan Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Yanping Huangfu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Gang Xia
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
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2
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Paulus J, Sewald N. Small molecule- and peptide-drug conjugates addressing integrins: A story of targeted cancer treatment. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3561. [PMID: 38382900 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Targeted cancer treatment should avoid side effects and damage to healthy cells commonly encountered during traditional chemotherapy. By combining small molecule or peptidic ligands as homing devices with cytotoxic drugs connected by a cleavable or non-cleavable linker in peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) or small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs), cancer cells and tumours can be selectively targeted. The development of highly affine, selective peptides and small molecules in recent years has allowed PDCs and SMDCs to increasingly compete with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Integrins represent an excellent target for conjugates because they are overexpressed by most cancer cells and because of the broad knowledge about native binding partners as well as the multitude of small-molecule and peptidic ligands that have been developed over the last 30 years. In particular, integrin αVβ3 has been addressed using a variety of different PDCs and SMDCs over the last two decades, following various strategies. This review summarises and describes integrin-addressing PDCs and SMDCs while highlighting points of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Paulus
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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3
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Cossu J, Thoreau F, Boturyn D. Multimeric RGD-Based Strategies for Selective Drug Delivery to Tumor Tissues. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020525. [PMID: 36839846 PMCID: PMC9961187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RGD peptides have received a lot of attention over the two last decades, in particular to improve tumor therapy through the targeting of the αVβ3 integrin receptor. This review focuses on the molecular design of multimeric RGD compounds, as well as the design of suitable linkers for drug delivery. Many examples of RGD-drug conjugates have been developed, and we show the importance of RGD constructs to enhance binding affinity to tumor cells, as well as their drug uptake. Further, we also highlight the use of RGD peptides as theranostic systems, promising tools offering dual modality, such as tumor diagnosis and therapy. In conclusion, we address the challenging issues, as well as ongoing and future development, in comparison with large molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Cossu
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Thoreau
- University Poitiers, Inst Chim Milieux & Mat Poitiers IC2MP, UMR CNRS 7285, F-86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Didier Boturyn
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence:
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4
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Schnepel C, Moritzer AC, Gäfe S, Montua N, Minges H, Nieß A, Niemann HH, Sewald N. Enzymatic Late-Stage Halogenation of Peptides. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200569. [PMID: 36259362 PMCID: PMC10099709 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The late-stage site-selective derivatisation of peptides has many potential applications in structure-activity relationship studies and postsynthetic modification or conjugation of bioactive compounds. The development of orthogonal methods for C-H functionalisation is crucial for such peptide derivatisation. Among them, biocatalytic methods are increasingly attracting attention. Tryptophan halogenases emerged as valuable catalysts to functionalise tryptophan (Trp), while direct enzyme-catalysed halogenation of synthetic peptides is yet unprecedented. Here, it is reported that the Trp 6-halogenase Thal accepts a wide range of amides and peptides containing a Trp moiety. Increasing the sequence length and reaction optimisation made bromination of pentapeptides feasible with good turnovers and a broad sequence scope, while regioselectivity turned out to be sequence dependent. Comparison of X-ray single crystal structures of Thal in complex with d-Trp and a dipeptide revealed a significantly altered binding mode for the peptide. The viability of this bioorthogonal approach was exemplified by halogenation of a cyclic RGD peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schnepel
- Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Ann-Christin Moritzer
- Strukturbiochemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Simon Gäfe
- Strukturbiochemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nicolai Montua
- Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hannah Minges
- Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anke Nieß
- Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hartmut H Niemann
- Strukturbiochemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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5
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Paulus J, Sewald N. Synthesis and Evaluation of a Non-Peptide Small-Molecule Drug Conjugate Targeting Integrin αVβ3. Front Chem 2022; 10:869639. [PMID: 35480387 PMCID: PMC9035832 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.869639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An integrin αVβ3-targeting linear RGD mimetic containing a small-molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) was synthesized by combining the antimitotic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an enzymatically cleavable Val-Ala-PABC linker with a linear conjugable RGD mimetic. The structure proposal for the conjugable RGD mimetic was suggested upon the DAD mapping analysis of a previously synthesized small-molecule RGD mimetic array based on a tyrosine scaffold. Therefore, a diversifying strategy was developed as well as a novel method for the partial hydrogenation of pyrimidines in the presence of the hydrogenolytically cleavable Cbz group. The small-molecule RGD mimetics were evaluated in an ELISA-like assay, and the structural relationships were analyzed by DAD mapping revealing activity differences induced by structural changes as visualized in dependence on special structural motifs. This provided a lead structure for generation of an SMDC containing the antimitotic drug MMAE. The resulting SMDC containing a linear RGD mimetic was tested in a cell adhesion and an in vitro cell viability assay in comparison to reference SMDCs containing cRGDfK or cRADfK as the homing device. The linear RGD SMDC and the cRGDfK SMDC inhibited adhesion of αVβ3-positive WM115 cells to vitronectin with IC50 values in the low µM range, while no effect was observed for the αVβ3-negative M21-L cell line. The cRADfK SMDC used as a negative control was about 30-fold less active in the cell adhesion assay than the cRGDfK SMDC. Conversely, both the linear RGD SMDC and the cRGDfK SMDC are about 55-fold less cytotoxic than MMAE against the αVβ3-positive WM115 cell line with IC50 values in the nM range, while the cRADfK SMDC is 150-fold less cytotoxic than MMAE. Hence, integrin binding also influences the antiproliferative activity giving a targeting index of 2.8.
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6
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Zhang TY, Bai XQ, Zhou ZJ, Jin LH, Zhao DH, Sun SM. Dihydrotriazine derivatives display high anticancer activity and inducing apoptosis, ROS, and autophagy. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Schneider H, Englert S, Macarrón Palacios A, Lerma Romero JA, Ali A, Avrutina O, Kolmar H. Synthetic Integrin-Targeting Dextran-Fc Hybrids Efficiently Inhibit Tumor Proliferation In Vitro. Front Chem 2021; 9:693097. [PMID: 34368077 PMCID: PMC8339797 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.693097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel integrin-targeting molecular hybrids combining RGD peptides and a potent cytotoxin presented on dextran polysaccharides. Based on an aglycosylated Fc as a centerpiece, endosomal-cleavable cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and dextran as multimerization site were covalently connected by two bioorthogonal enzyme-mediated reactions site-specifically. Decoration of dextran with cyclic RGD peptides, introduced by copper “click” reaction, resulted in the final constructs with the potential to kill integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. We found that these modifications had little impact on the stability of the Fc scaffold and the RGD-bearing construct showed good binding properties of αvβ3-expressing U87MG cells. Furthermore, the construct showed a remarkable antiproliferative activity. These results demonstrate the general capability of our design to provoke receptor-mediated endocytosis upon binding to the cellular surface, followed by endosomal cleavage of the linkage between Fc-dextran and MMAE and its subsequent release. Our approach opens new avenues to transcribe small molecule binders into tailor-made multimeric molecular hybrids with antitumor potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Schneider
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Englert
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Arturo Macarrón Palacios
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Ataurehman Ali
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Greco R, Lloret V, Rivero-Crespo MÁ, Hirsch A, Doménech-Carbó A, Abellán G, Leyva-Pérez A. Acid Catalysis with Alkane/Water Microdroplets in Ionic Liquids. JACS AU 2021; 1:786-794. [PMID: 34240079 PMCID: PMC8243323 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are composed of an organic cation and a highly delocalized perfluorinated anion, which remain tight to each other and neutral across the extended liquid framework. Here we show that n-alkanes in millimolar amounts enable a sufficient ion charge separation to release the innate acidity of the ionic liquid and catalyze the industrially relevant alkylation of phenol, after generating homogeneous, self-stabilized, and surfactant-free microdroplets (1-5 μm). This extremely mild and simple protocol circumvents any external additive or potential ionic liquid degradation and can be extended to water, which spontaneously generates microdroplets (ca. 3 μm) and catalyzes Brönsted rather than Lewis acid reactions. These results open new avenues not only in the use of ionic liquids as acid catalysts/solvents but also in the preparation of surfactant-free, well-defined ionic liquid microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Greco
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad
Politècnica de València−Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Lloret
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich−Alexander−Universität
Erlangen−Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Joint
Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Friedrich−Alexander−Universität Erlangen−Nürnberg
(FAU), Dr.-Mack Strasse 81, 90762 Fürth, Germany
| | - Miguel Ángel Rivero-Crespo
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad
Politècnica de València−Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich−Alexander−Universität
Erlangen−Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Joint
Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Friedrich−Alexander−Universität Erlangen−Nürnberg
(FAU), Dr.-Mack Strasse 81, 90762 Fürth, Germany
| | - Antonio Doménech-Carbó
- Departament
de Química Analítica, Universitat
de València, Dr.
Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Abellán
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- . Phone: +34963544074. Fax: +34963543273
| | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad
Politècnica de València−Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- . Phone: +34963877800. Fax: +349638 77809
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9
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Anselmi M, Borbély A, Figueras E, Michalek C, Kemker I, Gentilucci L, Sewald N. Linker Hydrophilicity Modulates the Anticancer Activity of RGD-Cryptophycin Conjugates. Chemistry 2021; 27:1015-1022. [PMID: 32955139 PMCID: PMC7839693 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most anticancer agents are hydrophobic and can easily penetrate the tumor cell membrane by passive diffusion. This may impede the development of highly effective and tumor-selective treatment options. A hydrophilic β-glucuronidase-cleavable linker was used to connect the highly potent antimitotic agent cryptophycin-55 glycinate with the αv β3 integrin ligand c(RGDfK). Incorporation of the self-immolative linker containing glucuronic acid results in lower cytotoxicity than that of the free payload, suggesting that hydrophilic sugar linkers can preclude passive cellular uptake. In vitro drug-release studies and cytotoxicity assays demonstrated the potential of this small molecule-drug conjugate, providing guidance for the development of therapeutics containing hydrophobic anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Anselmi
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
- Department of Chemistry“G. Ciamician” University of Bolognavia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly
| | - Adina Borbély
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Eduard Figueras
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Carmela Michalek
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Isabell Kemker
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry“G. Ciamician” University of Bolognavia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
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10
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Mendive‐Tapia L, Wang J, Vendrell M. Fluorescent cyclic peptides for cell imaging. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinling Wang
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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11
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Wang Y, Lei B, Sun M, Han X, Xu S, Liu H. Accurate Targeting and Controllable Release of Hybrid Liposome Containing a Stretchable Copolymer. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Bin Lei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Minjia Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xia Han
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shouhong Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai 200237 China
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12
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Li X, Yu N, Li J, Bai J, Ding D, Tang Q, Xu H. Novel "Carrier-Free" Nanofiber Codelivery Systems with the Synergistic Antitumor Effect of Paclitaxel and Tetrandrine through the Enhancement of Mitochondrial Apoptosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10096-10106. [PMID: 32027119 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Ptx), a type of microtubule depolymerization inhibitor, is one of the main components in gastric cancer chemotherapy. Some studies have demonstrated that tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has potential antitumor effects in several cancers. Aside from the direct anticancer effect, Tet is proved to synergistically enhance the antitumor effect of Ptx in gastric cancer. However, the application of the combinational strategy is limited by the poor solubility of both drugs. Nanodrug delivery systems including polymeric nanoparticles, self-assembled nanofibers, hydrogels, etc., hold the potential to meet the need. Here, a novel supramolecular nanomaterial, based on the concept of "carrier-free nanodrugs", is reported as a feasible platform for synergistic drug delivery. Ptx-SA-RGD is obtained through the conjugation of Ptx and the tumor-specific peptide RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) with succinic acid (SA) as a linker. Ptx-SA-RGD could self-assemble into Ptx nanofibers (P-NFs) with high drug-loading efficiency. Tet was then encapsulated into P-NFs to acquire novel Ptx and Tet coloaded self-assembled nanofibers (P/T-NFs). The uptake study shows the dynamic internalization of P/T-NFs by the gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. P/T-NFs significantly triggered the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in gastric cancer cells MGC803 and further decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, which led to the induction of mitochondrial apoptosis with superior cytotoxicity against free drugs. Moreover, P/T-NFs suppressed the expressions of p-STAT3 and p-JAK, initiated cytochrome-C release, and promoted caspase protein expression. Furthermore, P/T-NFs demonstrated the strongest tumor-delaying effect as well as the lowest toxicity. Therefore, self-assembled nanofibers of P/T-NFs demonstrated an increase of the mitochondrial apoptosis level and a stronger antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo, which could be a potential way to enhance the clinical efficacy and reduce the side-effects of Ptx in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Li
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianan Bai
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiyun Tang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Huae Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211116, China
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13
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Schmidt JJ, Khatri Y, Brody SI, Zhu C, Pietraszkiewicz H, Valeriote FA, Sherman DH. A Versatile Chemoenzymatic Synthesis for the Discovery of Potent Cryptophycin Analogs. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:524-532. [PMID: 31961651 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cryptophycins are a family of macrocyclic depsipeptide natural products that display exceptionally potent antiproliferative activity against drug-resistant cancers. Unique challenges facing the synthesis and derivatization of this complex group of molecules motivated us to investigate a chemoenzymatic synthesis designed to access new analogs for biological evaluation. The cryptophycin thioesterase (CrpTE) and the cryptophycin epoxidase (CrpE) are a versatile set of enzymes that catalyze macrocyclization and epoxidation of over 20 natural cryptophycin metabolites. Thus, we envisioned a drug development strategy involving their use as standalone biocatalysts for production of unnatural derivatives. Herein, we developed a scalable synthesis of 12 new unit A-B-C-D linear chain elongation intermediates containing heterocyclic aromatic groups as alternatives to the native unit A benzyl group. N-Acetyl cysteamine activated forms of each intermediate were assessed for conversion to macrocyclic products using wild type CrpTE, which demonstrated the exceptional flexibility of this enzyme. Semipreparative scale reactions were conducted for isolation and structural characterization of new cryptophycins. Each was then evaluated as a substrate for CrpE P450 and its ability to generate the epoxidized products from these substrates that possess altered electronics at the unit A styrenyl double bond position. Finally, biological evaluation of the new cryptophycins revealed a des-β-epoxy analog with low picomolar potency, previously limited to cryptophycins bearing epoxide functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Halina Pietraszkiewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Frederick A. Valeriote
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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14
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Abstract
Monomeric RGD peptides show unspecific fluid-phase uptake in cells, whereas multimeric RGD peptides are thought to be internalized by integrin-mediated endocytosis. However, a potential correlation between uptake mechanism and molecular mass has been neglected so far. A dual derivatization of peptide c(RGDw(7Br)K) was performed to investigate this. A fluorescent probe was installed by chemoselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of the 7-bromotryptophan and a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker was attached to the lysine residue. Flow cytometry and live cell imaging confirmed unspecific uptake of the small, non-PEGylated peptide, whereas the PEG5000 peptide conjugate unveiled a selective internalization by M21 cells overexpressing αv β3 and no uptake in αv -deficient M21L cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Kemker
- Organische und Bioorganische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Rebecca C. Feiner
- Zelluläre und Molekulare BiotechnologieTechnische FakultätUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Kristian M. Müller
- Zelluläre und Molekulare BiotechnologieTechnische FakultätUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organische und Bioorganische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
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15
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López Rivas P, Müller C, Breunig C, Hechler T, Pahl A, Arosio D, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Dal Corso A, Gennari C. β-Glucuronidase triggers extracellular MMAE release from an integrin-targeted conjugate. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:4705-4710. [PMID: 31020985 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00617f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A non-internalizing αvβ3 integrin ligand was conjugated to the anticancer drug MMAE through a β-glucuronidase-responsive linker. In the presence of β-glucuronidase, only the conjugate bearing a PEG4 spacer inhibited the proliferation of integrin-expressing cancer cells at low nanomolar concentrations, indicating important structural requirements for the efficacy of these therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula López Rivas
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi, 19 I-20133, Milan, Italy.
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16
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Kemker I, Schnepel C, Schröder DC, Marion A, Sewald N. Cyclization of RGD Peptides by Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7417-7430. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Kemker
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Schnepel
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - David C. Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Antoine Marion
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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17
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Borbély A, Figueras E, Martins A, Bodero L, Raposo Moreira Dias A, López Rivas P, Pina A, Arosio D, Gallinari P, Frese M, Steinkühler C, Gennari C, Piarulli U, Sewald N. Conjugates of Cryptophycin and RGD or isoDGR Peptidomimetics for Targeted Drug Delivery. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:737-742. [PMID: 31275795 PMCID: PMC6587324 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
RGD-cryptophycin and isoDGR-cryptophycin conjugates were synthetized by combining peptidomimetic integrin ligands and cryptophycin, a highly potent tubulin-binding antimitotic agent across lysosomally cleavable Val-Ala or uncleavable linkers. The conjugates were able to effectively inhibit binding of biotinylated vitronectin to integrin αvβ3, showing a binding affinity in the same range as that of the free ligands. The antiproliferative activity of the novel conjugates was evaluated on human melanoma cells M21 and M21-L with different expression levels of integrin αvβ3, showing nanomolar potency of all four compounds against both cell lines. Conjugates containing uncleavable linker show reduced activity compared to the corresponding cleavable conjugates, indicating efficient intracellular drug release in the case of cryptophycin-based SMDCs. However, no significant correlation between the in vitro biological activity of the conjugates and the integrin αvβ3 expression level was observed, which is presumably due to a non-integrin-mediated uptake. This reveals the complexity of effective and selective αvβ3 integrin-mediated drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Borbély
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 25DE-33615BielefeldGermany
| | - Eduard Figueras
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 25DE-33615BielefeldGermany
| | - Ana Martins
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 25DE-33615BielefeldGermany
- Exiris s.r.l.Via di Castel Romano 100IT-00128RomeItaly
| | - Lizeth Bodero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio, 11IT-22100ComoItaly
| | | | - Paula López Rivas
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi, 19IT-20133MilanoItaly
| | - Arianna Pina
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi, 19IT-20133MilanoItaly
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)CNRVia C. Golgi, 19IT-20133MilanoItaly
| | | | - Marcel Frese
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 25DE-33615BielefeldGermany
| | | | - Cesare Gennari
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi, 19IT-20133MilanoItaly
| | - Umberto Piarulli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio, 11IT-22100ComoItaly
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 25DE-33615BielefeldGermany
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18
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Octreotide Conjugates for Tumor Targeting and Imaging. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11050220. [PMID: 31067748 PMCID: PMC6571972 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor targeting has emerged as an advantageous approach to improving the efficacy and safety of cytotoxic agents or radiolabeled ligands that do not preferentially accumulate in the tumor tissue. The somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily and they are overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). SSTRs can be efficiently targeted with octreotide, a cyclic octapeptide that is derived from native somatostatin. The conjugation of cargoes to octreotide represents an attractive approach for effective tumor targeting. In this study, we conjugated octreotide to cryptophycin, which is a highly cytotoxic depsipeptide, through the protease cleavable Val-Cit dipeptide linker using two different self-immolative moieties. The biological activity was investigated in vitro and the self-immolative part largely influenced the stability of the conjugates. Replacement of cryptophycin by the infrared cyanine dye Cy5.5 was exploited to elucidate the tumor targeting properties of the conjugates in vitro and in vivo. The compound efficiently and selectively internalized in cells overexpressing SSTR2 and accumulated in xenografts for a prolonged time. Our results on the in vivo properties indicate that octreotide may serve as an efficient delivery vehicle for tumor targeting.
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19
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Line NJ. Practical enantioselective synthesis of (3S, 4R)-3-hydroxypiperidine-4-carboxylic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Borbély A, Figueras E, Martins A, Esposito S, Auciello G, Monteagudo E, Di Marco A, Summa V, Cordella P, Perego R, Kemker I, Frese M, Gallinari P, Steinkühler C, Sewald N. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of RGD⁻Cryptophycin Conjugates for Targeted Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E151. [PMID: 30939768 PMCID: PMC6523311 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11040151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptophycins are potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors with picomolar antiproliferative potency in vitro and activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells. Because of neurotoxic side effects and limited efficacy in vivo, cryptophycin-52 failed as a clinical candidate in cancer treatment. However, this class of compounds has emerged as attractive payloads for tumor-targeting applications. In this study, cryptophycin was conjugated to the cyclopeptide c(RGDfK), targeting integrin αvβ₃, across the protease-cleavable Val-Cit linker and two different self-immolative spacers. Plasma metabolic stability studies in vitro showed that our selected payload displays an improved stability compared to the parent compound, while the stability of the conjugates is strongly influenced by the self-immolative moiety. Cathepsin B cleavage assays revealed that modifications in the linker lead to different drug release profiles. Antiproliferative effects of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)⁻cryptophycin conjugates were evaluated on M21 and M21-L human melanoma cell lines. The low nanomolar in vitro activity of the novel conjugates was associated with inferior selectivity for cell lines with different integrin αvβ₃ expression levels. To elucidate the drug delivery process, cryptophycin was replaced by an infrared dye and the obtained conjugates were studied by confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Borbély
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Eduard Figueras
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Ana Martins
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
- Exiris s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano 100, IT-00128 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Esposito
- IRBM S.p.A, Via Pontina km. 30,600, IT-00071 Pomezia (Rome), Italy.
| | - Giulio Auciello
- IRBM S.p.A, Via Pontina km. 30,600, IT-00071 Pomezia (Rome), Italy.
| | - Edith Monteagudo
- IRBM S.p.A, Via Pontina km. 30,600, IT-00071 Pomezia (Rome), Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Summa
- IRBM S.p.A, Via Pontina km. 30,600, IT-00071 Pomezia (Rome), Italy.
| | - Paola Cordella
- Italfarmaco S.p.A., Via dei Lavoratori, 54, IT-20092 Cinisello Balsamo (Milano), Italy.
| | - Raffaella Perego
- Italfarmaco S.p.A., Via dei Lavoratori, 54, IT-20092 Cinisello Balsamo (Milano), Italy.
| | - Isabell Kemker
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Marcel Frese
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Paola Gallinari
- Exiris s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano 100, IT-00128 Rome, Italy.
| | - Christian Steinkühler
- Exiris s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano 100, IT-00128 Rome, Italy.
- Italfarmaco S.p.A., Via dei Lavoratori, 54, IT-20092 Cinisello Balsamo (Milano), Italy.
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, DE-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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21
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Du L, Risinger AL, Yee SS, Ola ARB, Zammiello CL, Cichewicz RH, Mooberry SL. Identification of C-6 as a New Site for Linker Conjugation to the Taccalonolide Microtubule Stabilizers. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:583-588. [PMID: 30799622 PMCID: PMC6952213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The taccalonolides are a class of microtubule stabilizers that circumvent clinically relevant forms of drug resistance due to their unique mechanism of microtubule stabilization imparted by the covalent binding of the C-22-C-23 epoxide moiety to tubulin. A taccalonolide (8) with a fluorescein group attached with a linker at C-6 was generated, and biochemical and cell-based assays showed that it bound directly to tubulin and stabilized microtubules. This pharmacological probe has allowed, for the first time, a direct visualization of a taccalonolide binding to microtubules, verifying their cellular binding site. This C-6-modified taccalonolide showed potency comparable to the untagged compound in biochemical experiments; however, its potency was lower in cellular assays, presumably due to decreased cellular permeability. These studies provide a valuable tool to facilitate the further understanding of taccalonolide pharmacology and demonstrate that C-6 is a promising site for a linker to be added to this novel class of microtubule stabilizers for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
- Natural Products Discovery Group, and Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
| | - April L. Risinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
| | - Samantha S. Yee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
| | - Antonius R. B. Ola
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
| | - Cynthia L Zammiello
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
| | - Robert H. Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
- Natural Products Discovery Group, and Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
| | - Susan L. Mooberry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
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22
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Raposo Moreira Dias A, Pina A, Dean A, Lerchen H, Caruso M, Gasparri F, Fraietta I, Troiani S, Arosio D, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Dal Corso A, Gennari C. Neutrophil Elastase Promotes Linker Cleavage and Paclitaxel Release from an Integrin-Targeted Conjugate. Chemistry 2019; 25:1696-1700. [PMID: 30452790 PMCID: PMC6471013 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This work takes advantage of one of the hallmarks of cancer, that is, the presence of tumor infiltrating cells of the immune system and leukocyte-secreted enzymes, to promote the activation of an anticancer drug at the tumor site. The peptidomimetic integrin ligand cyclo(DKP-RGD) was found to accumulate on the surface of αv β3 integrin-expressing human renal cell carcinoma 786-O cells. The ligand was conjugated to the anticancer drug paclitaxel through a Asn-Pro-Val (NPV) tripeptide linker, which is a substrate of neutrophil-secreted elastase. In vitro linker cleavage assays and cell antiproliferative experiments demonstrate the efficacy of this tumor-targeting conjugate, opening the way to potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Pina
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | - Amelia Dean
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | | | - Michele Caruso
- Nerviano Medical SciencesViale Pasteur, 10I-20014NervianoItaly
| | - Fabio Gasparri
- Nerviano Medical SciencesViale Pasteur, 10I-20014NervianoItaly
| | - Ivan Fraietta
- Nerviano Medical SciencesViale Pasteur, 10I-20014NervianoItaly
| | - Sonia Troiani
- Nerviano Medical SciencesViale Pasteur, 10I-20014NervianoItaly
| | - Daniela Arosio
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)Via C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)Via C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | - Alberto Dal Corso
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaVia C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)Via C. Golgi, 19I-20133MilanItaly
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23
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Hamdan F, Bigdeli Z, Asghari SM, Sadremomtaz A, Balalaie S. Synthesis of Modified RGD-Based Peptides and Their in vitro Activity. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:282-288. [PMID: 30506622 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides represent the most outstanding recognition motif involved in cell adhesion that binds to the αv β3 integrin, which has been targeted for cancer therapy. Various RGD-containing peptides and peptidomimetics have been designed and synthesized to selectively inhibit this integrin. In this study, the synthesis of RGD-based peptides through the incorporation of the short bioactive peptide Phe-Ala-Lys-Leu-Phe (FAKLF) at the C and N termini of RGD has been achieved by using a solid-phase peptide synthesis approach. The peptides were purified by means of preparative RP-HPLC and their structures were confirmed through HRMS (ESI). The MTT assay revealed that the RGD and FAKLF peptides inhibited the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 3000 and 500 ng mL-1 , respectively. Interestingly, a drastic improvement was observed in the antiproliferative activity of the combined structures of the FAKLFRGD and RGDFAKLF peptides, leading to IC50 values of 200 and 136.7 ng mL-1 , respectively. Meanwhile, based on apoptosis results, the potential of peptides to induce apoptosis, in accordance with their antiproliferative activity, indicated that the RGD and FAKLF peptides, and the peptides synthesized based on their combinations induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner followed by inhibition of the proliferation of endothelial cells. Moreover, the incorporation of d-leucine increased the induction of apoptosis by these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Hamdan
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bigdeli
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Sadremomtaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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24
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Hamdan F, Bigdeli Z, Balalaie S, Sewald N, Michalek C. Efficient synthesis of novel RGD based peptides and the conjugation of the pyrazine moiety to their N-terminus. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04874f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel RGD based peptides (RGDFAKLF and RGDNGRG) were designed and synthesized and were later coupled to the pyrazine moiety at the N-terminus. The IC50 values from the in vitro study of the target peptides using a cell adhesion assay indicated the essential impact of the existence of the pyrazine moiety. Meanwhile, peptide 4 exhibited the best IC50 value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Hamdan
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center
- K. N. Toosi University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Zahra Bigdeli
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center
- K. N. Toosi University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center
- K. N. Toosi University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- D-33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Carmela Michalek
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- D-33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
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25
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Cazzamalli S, Figueras E, Pethő L, Borbély A, Steinkühler C, Neri D, Sewald N. In Vivo Antitumor Activity of a Novel Acetazolamide-Cryptophycin Conjugate for the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinomas. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14726-14731. [PMID: 30533574 PMCID: PMC6276201 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditional chemotherapeutics used in cancer therapy do not preferentially accumulate in tumor tissues. The conjugation to delivery vehicles like antibodies or small molecules has been proposed as a strategy to increase the tumor uptake and improve the therapeutic window of these drugs. Here, we report the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a novel small molecule-drug conjugate (SMDC) comprising a high-affinity bidentate acetazolamide derivative, targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), and cryptophycin, a potent microtubule destabilizer. The biological activity of the novel SMDC was evaluated in vitro, measuring binding to the CAIX antigen by surface plasmon resonance and cytotoxicity against SKRC-52 cells. In vivo studies showed a delayed growth of tumors in nude mice bearing SKRC-52 renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Cazzamalli
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eduard Figueras
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lilla Pethő
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- MTA-ELTE
Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adina Borbély
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Dario Neri
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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26
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Synthesis and characterization of amino acid substituted sunitinib analogues for the treatment of AML. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2391-2398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Abstract
There is a growing interest for the discovery of new cancer-targeted delivery systems for drug delivery and diagnosis. A synopsis of the bibliographic data will be presented on bombesin, neurotensin, octreotide, Arg-Gly-Asp, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and other peptides. Many of them have reached the clinics for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, and have been utilized as carriers of known cytotoxic agents such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, methotrexate or dyes and radioisotopes. In our article, recent advances in the development of peptides as carriers of cytotoxic drugs or radiometals will be analyzed.
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28
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Figueras E, Borbély A, Ismail M, Frese M, Sewald N. Novel unit B cryptophycin analogues as payloads for targeted therapy. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1281-1286. [PMID: 29977395 PMCID: PMC6009196 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptophycins are naturally occurring cytotoxins with great potential for chemotherapy. Since targeted therapy provides new perspectives for treatment of cancer, new potent analogues of cytotoxic agents containing functional groups for conjugation to homing devices are required. We describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of three new unit B cryptophycin analogues. The O-methyl group of the unit B D-tyrosine analogue was replaced by an O-(allyloxyethyl) moiety, an O-(hydroxyethyl) group, or an O-(((azidoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoyxethyl) substituent. While the former two maintain cytotoxicity in the subnanomolar range, the attachment of the triethylene glycol spacer with a terminal azide results in a complete loss of activity. Docking studies of the novel cryptophycin analogues to β-tubulin provided a rationale for the observed cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Figueras
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Adina Borbély
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcel Frese
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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29
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Venuta A, Moret F, Dal Poggetto G, Esposito D, Fraix A, Avitabile C, Ungaro F, Malinconico M, Sortino S, Romanelli A, Laurienzo P, Reddi E, Quaglia F. Shedding light on surface exposition of poly(ethylene glycol) and folate targeting units on nanoparticles of poly(ε-caprolactone) diblock copolymers: Beyond a paradigm. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 111:177-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Raposo Moreira Dias A, Pina A, Dal Corso A, Arosio D, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Caruso M, Gennari C. Multivalency Increases the Binding Strength of RGD Peptidomimetic-Paclitaxel Conjugates to Integrin α V β 3. Chemistry 2017; 23:14410-14415. [PMID: 28816404 PMCID: PMC5656903 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of three multimeric RGD peptidomimetic‐paclitaxel conjugates featuring a number of αVβ3 integrin ligands ranging from 2 to 4. These constructs were assembled by conjugation of the integrin αVβ3 ligand cyclo[DKP‐RGD]‐CH2NH2 with paclitaxel via a 2′‐carbamate with a self‐immolative spacer, the lysosomally cleavable Val‐Ala dipeptide linker, a multimeric scaffold, a triazole linkage, and finally a PEG spacer. Two monomeric conjugates were also synthesized as reference compounds. Remarkably, the new multimeric conjugates showed a binding affinity for the purified integrin αVβ3 receptor that increased with the number of integrin ligands (reaching a minimum IC50 value of 1.2 nm for the trimeric), thus demonstrating that multivalency is an effective strategy to strengthen the ligand–target interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Raposo Moreira Dias
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072
| | - Arianna Pina
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072
| | - Alberto Dal Corso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072
| | - Daniela Arosio
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), Via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072.,CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), Via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072
| | - Michele Caruso
- Nerviano Medical Sciences, Viale Pasteur, 10, 20014, Nerviano, Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy), Fax: (+39) 02-5031-4072.,CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), Via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
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31
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Tubulin Inhibitor-Based Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081281. [PMID: 28763044 PMCID: PMC6152078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a class of highly potent biopharmaceutical drugs generated by conjugating cytotoxic drugs with specific monoclonal antibodies through appropriate linkers. Specific antibodies used to guide potent warheads to tumor tissues can effectively reduce undesired side effects of the cytotoxic drugs. An in-depth understanding of antibodies, linkers, conjugation strategies, cytotoxic drugs, and their molecular targets has led to the successful development of several approved ADCs. These ADCs are powerful therapeutics for cancer treatment, enabling wider therapeutic windows, improved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, and enhanced efficacy. Since tubulin inhibitors are one of the most successful cytotoxic drugs in the ADC armamentarium, this review focuses on the progress in tubulin inhibitor-based ADCs, as well as lessons learned from the unsuccessful ADCs containing tubulin inhibitors. This review should be helpful to facilitate future development of new generations of tubulin inhibitor-based ADCs for cancer therapy.
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32
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Weiss C, Figueras E, Borbely AN, Sewald N. Cryptophycins: cytotoxic cyclodepsipeptides with potential for tumor targeting. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:514-531. [PMID: 28661555 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryptophycins are a class of 16-membered highly cytotoxic macrocyclic depsipeptides isolated from cyanobacteria. The biological activity is based on their ability to interact with tubulin. They interfere with microtubule dynamics and prevent microtubules from forming correct mitotic spindles, which causes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Their strong antiproliferative activities with 100-fold to 1000-fold potency compared with those of paclitaxel and vinblastine have been observed. Cryptophycins are highly promising drug candidates, as their biological activity is not negatively affected by P-glycoprotein, a drug efflux system commonly found in multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines and solid tumors. Cryptophycin-52 had been investigated in phase II clinical trials but failed because of its high neurotoxicity. Recently, cryptophycin conjugates with peptides and antibodies have been developed for targeted delivery in tumor therapy. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Weiss
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, PO Box 100131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Eduard Figueras
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, PO Box 100131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Adina N Borbely
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, PO Box 100131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, PO Box 100131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
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33
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Zanella S, Angerani S, Pina A, López Rivas P, Giannini C, Panzeri S, Arosio D, Caruso M, Gasparri F, Fraietta I, Albanese C, Marsiglio A, Pignataro L, Belvisi L, Piarulli U, Gennari C. Tumor Targeting with an isoDGR-Drug Conjugate. Chemistry 2017; 23:7910-7914. [PMID: 28449309 PMCID: PMC5488297 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first example of an isoDGR-drug conjugate (2), designed to release paclitaxel selectively within cancer cells expressing integrin αV β3 . Conjugate 2 was synthesized by connecting the isoDGR peptidomimetic 5 with paclitaxel via the lysosomally cleavable Val-Ala dipeptide linker. Conjugate 2 displayed a low nanomolar affinity for the purified integrin αV β3 receptor (IC50 =11.0 nm). The tumor targeting ability of conjugate 2 was assessed in vitro in anti-proliferative assays on two isogenic cancer cell lines characterized by different integrin αV β3 expression: human glioblastoma U87 (αV β3 +) and U87 β3 -KO (αV β3 -). The isoDGR-PTX conjugate 2 displayed a remarkable targeting index (TI=9.9), especially when compared to the strictly related RGD-PTX conjugate 4 (TI=2.4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Zanella
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Simona Angerani
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Arianna Pina
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Paula López Rivas
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Clelia Giannini
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Silvia Panzeri
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)CNRVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Michele Caruso
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS)Via Pasteur 1020014NervianoItaly
| | - Fabio Gasparri
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS)Via Pasteur 1020014NervianoItaly
| | - Ivan Fraietta
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS)Via Pasteur 1020014NervianoItaly
| | - Clara Albanese
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS)Via Pasteur 1020014NervianoItaly
| | | | - Luca Pignataro
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Umberto Piarulli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
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Abstract
Conjugates of cytotoxic agents with RGD peptides (Arg-Gly-Asp) addressed to ανβ3, α5β1 and ανβ6 integrin receptors overexpressed by cancer cells, have recently gained attention as potential selective anticancer chemotherapeutics. In this review, the design and the development of RGD conjugates coupled to different small molecules including known cytotoxic drugs and natural products will be discussed.
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35
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Narita K, Katoh Y, Ojima KI, Dan S, Yamori T, Ito A, Yoshida M, Katoh T. Total Synthesis of the Depsipeptide FR901375 and Preliminary Evaluation of Its Biological Activity. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Narita
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku 981-8558 Sendai Japan
| | - Yuya Katoh
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku 981-8558 Sendai Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Ojima
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku 981-8558 Sendai Japan
| | - Singo Dan
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology; Cancer Chemotherapy Centre; Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku 135-8550 Tokyo Japan
| | - Takao Yamori
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology; Cancer Chemotherapy Centre; Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku 135-8550 Tokyo Japan
- Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA); 3-3-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku 100-0013 Tokyo Japan
| | - Akihiro Ito
- RIKEN; Chemical Genetics Laboratory; 2-1 Hirosawa 351-0198 Wako-shi Saitama Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- RIKEN; Chemical Genetics Laboratory; 2-1 Hirosawa 351-0198 Wako-shi Saitama Japan
| | - Tadashi Katoh
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku 981-8558 Sendai Japan
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36
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Intelligent substance delivery into cells using cell-penetrating peptides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:121-130. [PMID: 27956345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are oligopeptides that can permeate the cell membrane. The use of a CPP-mediated transport system could be an excellent method for delivering cell-impermeable substances such as proteins, antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, siRNAs, plasmids, drugs, fluorescent compounds, and nanoparticles as covalently or noncovalently conjugated cargo into cells. Nonetheless, the mechanisms through which CPPs are internalized remain unclear. Endocytosis and direct translocation through the membrane are the generally accepted routes. Internalization via both pathways can occur simultaneously, depending on cellular conditions. However, the peculiar property of CPPs has attracted many researchers, especially in drug discovery or development, who intend to deliver impermeable substances into cells through the cell membrane. The delivery of drugs using CPPs may non-invasively solve the problem of drug penetration into cells with the added benefit of low cytotoxicity. Moreover, macromolecules can also be delivered by this transport system. In this review, I discuss the possibilities and advantages of substance delivery into cells using CPPs.
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37
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Gunnoo SB, Madder A. Bioconjugation – using selective chemistry to enhance the properties of proteins and peptides as therapeutics and carriers. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8002-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Both peptide and protein therapeutics are becoming increasingly important for treating a wide range of diseases. Functionalisation of theseviasite-selective chemical modification leads to enhancement of their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita B. Gunnoo
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- Ghent
- Belgium
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38
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ent-Kauranoids isolated from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora and their structure activity relationship analyses. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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39
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Greco A, Maggini L, De Cola L, De Marco R, Gentilucci L. Diagnostic Implementation of Fast and Selective Integrin-Mediated Adhesion of Cancer Cells on Functionalized Zeolite L Monolayers. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1873-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Greco
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Maggini
- Institut
de science et d’ingénierie supramoléculaires
(ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) - Campus Nord, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institut
de science et d’ingénierie supramoléculaires
(ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) - Campus Nord, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rossella De Marco
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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40
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Kumar R, Sadowski MC, Levrier C, Nelson CC, Jones AJ, Holleran JP, Avery VM, Healy PC, Davis RA. Design and Synthesis of a Screening Library Using the Natural Product Scaffold 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic Acid. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:914-918. [PMID: 25803573 DOI: 10.1021/np500856u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The fungal metabolite 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (1) was utilized in the generation of a unique drug-like screening library using parallel solution-phase synthesis. A 20-membered amide library (3-22) was generated by first converting 1 to methyl (3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate (2), then reacting this scaffold with a diverse series of primary amines via a solvent-free aminolysis procedure. The structures of the synthetic analogues (3-22) were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. The structures of compounds 8, 12, and 22 were confirmed by single X-ray crystallographic analysis. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against a human prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP) and for antiparasitic activity toward Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Plasmodium falciparum and showed no significant activity at 10 μM. The library was also tested for effects on the lipid content of LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells, and it was demonstrated that the fluorobenzyl analogues (12-14) significantly reduced cellular phospholipid and neutral lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitesh Kumar
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Martin C Sadowski
- ‡Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Claire Levrier
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
- ‡Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Colleen C Nelson
- ‡Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Amy J Jones
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - John P Holleran
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Peter C Healy
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- †Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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41
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Dal Corso A, Caruso M, Belvisi L, Arosio D, Piarulli U, Albanese C, Gasparri F, Marsiglio A, Sola F, Troiani S, Valsasina B, Pignataro L, Donati D, Gennari C. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of RGD Peptidomimetic-Paclitaxel Conjugates Bearing Lysosomally Cleavable Linkers. Chemistry 2015; 21:6921-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Kumar A, Kumar M, Sharma S, Guru SK, Bhushan S, Shah BA. Design and synthesis of a new class of cryptophycins based tubulin inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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43
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Verma VA, Pillow TH, DePalatis L, Li G, Phillips GL, Polson AG, Raab HE, Spencer S, Zheng B. The cryptophycins as potent payloads for antibody drug conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:864-8. [PMID: 25613677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The cryptophycins are a potent class of cytotoxic agents that were evaluated as antibody drug conjugate (ADC) payloads. Free cryptophycin analog 1 displayed cell activity an order of magnitude more potent than approved ADC payloads MMAE and DM1. This potency increase was also reflected in the activity of the cryptophycin ADCs, attached via a either cleavable or non-cleavable linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal A Verma
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States.
| | - Thomas H Pillow
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Laura DePalatis
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Guangmin Li
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | | | - Andrew G Polson
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Helga E Raab
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Susan Spencer
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Bing Zheng
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
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44
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Wang BJ, Xue P, Gu P. Intramolecular Schmidt reaction of acyl chlorides with alkyl azides: preparation of pyrrolizine by intramolecular capture of intermediates with alkenes or alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2277-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07166b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular capture of the intermediates from the Schmidt reaction of acyl chlorides with alkenes or alkynes has been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Sources & Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion and Department of Chemistry
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Ping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Energy Sources & Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion and Department of Chemistry
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Peiming Gu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Sources & Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion and Department of Chemistry
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
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45
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Kohl F, Schmitz J, Furtmann N, Schulz-Fincke AC, Mertens MD, Küppers J, Benkhoff M, Tobiasch E, Bartz U, Bajorath J, Stirnberg M, Gütschow M. Design, characterization and cellular uptake studies of fluorescence-labeled prototypic cathepsin inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10310-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01613d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsin inhibition and cellular uptake of a coumarin 343-containing dipeptide nitrile was analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kohl
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Janina Schmitz
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Natural Sciences
| | - Norbert Furtmann
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Life Science Informatics
| | | | - Matthias D. Mertens
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jim Küppers
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Benkhoff
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences
- D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bartz
- Department of Natural Sciences
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences
- D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics
- B-IT
- LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
- University of Bonn
- D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marit Stirnberg
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Noor A, Huff GS, Kumar SV, Lewis JEM, Paterson BM, Schieber C, Donnelly PS, Brooks HJL, Gordon KC, Moratti SC, Crowley JD. [Re(CO)3]+ Complexes of exo-Functionalized Tridentate “Click” Macrocycles: Synthesis, Stability, Photophysical Properties, Bioconjugation, and Antibacterial Activity. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500664v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brett M. Paterson
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Christine Schieber
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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Peptide conjugation via CuAAC 'click' chemistry. Molecules 2013; 18:13148-74. [PMID: 24284482 PMCID: PMC6270195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The copper (I)-catalyzed alkyne azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) or ‘click’ reaction, is a highly versatile reaction that can be performed under a variety of reaction conditions including various solvents, a wide pH and temperature range, and using different copper sources, with or without additional ligands or reducing agents. This reaction is highly selective and can be performed in the presence of other functional moieties. The flexibility and selectivity has resulted in growing interest in the application of CuAAC in various fields. In this review, we briefly describe the importance of the structural folding of peptides and proteins and how the 1,4-disubstituted triazole product of the CuAAC reaction is a suitable isoster for an amide bond. However the major focus of the review is the application of this reaction to produce peptide conjugates for tagging and targeting purpose, linkers for multifunctional biomacromolecules, and reporter ions for peptide and protein analysis.
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Lozza C, Navarro-Teulon I, Pèlegrin A, Pouget JP, Vivès E. Peptides in receptor-mediated radiotherapy: from design to the clinical application in cancers. Front Oncol 2013; 3:247. [PMID: 24093086 PMCID: PMC3782707 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Short peptides can show high affinity for specific receptors overexpressed on tumor cells. Some of these are already used in cancerology as diagnostic tools and others are in clinical trials for therapeutic applications. Therefore, peptides exhibit great potential as a diagnostic tool but also as an alternative or an additional antitumoral approach upon the covalent attachment of a therapeutic moiety such as a radionuclide or a cytotoxic drug. The chemistry offers flexibility to graft onto the targeting-peptide either fluorine or iodine directly, or metallic radionuclides through appropriate chelating agent. Since short peptides are straightforward to synthesize, there is an opportunity to further improve existing peptides or to design new ones for clinical applications. However, several considerations have to be taken into account to optimize the recognition properties of the targeting-peptide to its receptor, to improve its stability in the biological fluids and its residence in the body, or to increase its overall therapeutic effect. In this review, we highlight the different aspects which need to be considered for the development of an efficient peptide receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy in different neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lozza
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier , Montpellier , France ; INSERM, U896 , Montpellier , France ; Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France ; Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier , Montpellier , France
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Weiss C, Sammet B, Sewald N. Recent approaches for the synthesis of modified cryptophycins. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:924-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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