1
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Cramer J, Pero B, Jiang X, Bosko C, Silbermann M, Rabbani S, Wilke S, Nemli DD, Ernst B, Peczuh MW. Does size matter? - Comparing pyranoses with septanoses as ligands of the bacterial lectin FimH. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116225. [PMID: 38367495 PMCID: PMC10964925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The pharmacological modulation of disease-relevant carbohydrate-protein interactions represents an underexplored area of medicinal chemistry. One particular challenge in the design of glycomimetic compounds is the inherent instability of the glycosidic bond toward enzymatic cleavage. This problem has traditionally been approached by employing S-, N-, or C-glycosides with reduced susceptibility toward glycosidases. The application of ring-extended glycomimetics is an innovative approach to circumvent this issue. On the example of the bacterial adhesin FimH, it was explored how design principles from pyranose glycomimetics transfer to analogous septanose structures. A series of ring-extended FimH antagonists exhibiting the well-proven pharmacophore necessary for targeting the tyrosine-gate of FimH was synthesized. The resulting septanoses were evaluated for their affinity to the conformationally rigid isolated lectin domain of FimH (FimHLD), as well as a structurally flexible full-length FimH (FimHFL) construct. Some elements of potent mannoside-based FimH antagonists could be successfully transferred to septanose-based ligands, ultimately resulting in a 32-fold increase in binding affinity. Interestingly, the canonical ca. 100-fold loss of binding affinity between FimHLD and FimHFL is partly mitigated by the more flexible septanose antagonists, hinting at potentially differing interaction features of the flexible glycomimetics with intermediately populated states during the conformational transition of FimHFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cramer
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland; Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bryant Pero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristin Bosko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wilke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dilara D Nemli
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beat Ernst
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Peczuh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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2
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Maddirala AR, Tamadonfar K, Pinkner JS, Sanick D, Hultgren SJ, Janetka JW. Discovery of Orally Bioavailable FmlH Lectin Antagonists as Treatment for Urinary Tract Infections. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3668-3678. [PMID: 38308631 PMCID: PMC10994195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
FmlH, a bacterial adhesin of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), has been shown to provide a fitness advantage in colonizing the bladder during chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs). Previously reported ortho-biphenyl glycosides based on βGal and βGalNAc have excellent binding affinity to FmlH and potently block binding to its natural carbohydrate receptor, but they lack oral bioavailability. In this paper, we outline studies where we have optimized compounds for improved pharmacokinetics, leading to the discovery of novel analogues with good oral bioavailability. We synthesized galactosides with the anomeric O-linker replaced with more stable S- and C-linked linkers. We also investigated modifications to the GalNAc sugar and modifications to the biphenyl aglycone. We identified GalNAc 69 with an IC50 of 0.19 μM against FmlH and 53% oral bioavailability in mice. We also obtained a FimlH-bound X-ray structure of lead compound 69 (AM4085) which has potential as a new antivirulence therapeutic for UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarendar Reddy Maddirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kevin Tamadonfar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jerome S. Pinkner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Denise Sanick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott J. Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James W. Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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3
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Al-Mughaid H, Jaradat Y, Khazaaleh M, Al-Taani I. Click chemistry inspired facile one-pot synthesis of mannosyl triazoles and their hemagglutination inhibitory properties: The effect of alkyl chain spacer length between the triazole and phthalimide moieties in the aglycone backbone. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108965. [PMID: 37852130 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot synthesis of a new series of mannosyl triazoles has been achieved through CuAAC reaction where the alkyl chain spacer between the phthalimide moiety and the triazole ring in the aglycone backbone is varied from one methylene to six methylene units. The target compounds were evaluated in terms of their inhibitory potency against FimH using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay. It was found that the length of four methylene units was the optimum for the fitting/binding of the compound to FimH as exemplified by compound 11 (HAI = 1.9 μM), which was approximately 200 times more potent than the reference ligand 1(HAI = 385 μM). The successful implementation of one-pot protocol with building blocks 1-7 and the architecture of ligand 11 will be the subject of our future work for developing more potent FimH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Al-Mughaid
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Younis Jaradat
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Maha Khazaaleh
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim Al-Taani
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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4
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Gadar K, McCarthy RR. Using next generation antimicrobials to target the mechanisms of infection. NPJ ANTIMICROBIALS AND RESISTANCE 2023; 1:11. [PMID: 38686217 PMCID: PMC11057201 DOI: 10.1038/s44259-023-00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable impact of antibiotics on human health is being eroded at an alarming rate by the emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens. There is a recognised consensus that new strategies to tackle infection are urgently needed to limit the devasting impact of antibiotic resistance on our global healthcare infrastructure. Next generation antimicrobials (NGAs) are compounds that target bacterial virulence factors to disrupt pathogenic potential without impacting bacterial viability. By disabling the key virulence factors required to establish and maintain infection, NGAs make pathogens more vulnerable to clearance by the immune system and can potentially render them more susceptible to traditional antibiotics. In this review, we discuss the developing field of NGAs and how advancements in this area could offer a viable standalone alternative to traditional antibiotics or an effective means to prolong antibiotic efficacy when used in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gadar
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH United Kingdom
| | - Ronan R. McCarthy
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH United Kingdom
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5
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Surface chemistry dependent toxicity of inorganic nanostructure glycoconjugates on bacterial cells and cancer cell lines. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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7
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Sokurenko EV, Tchesnokova V, Interlandi G, Klevit R, Thomas WE. Neutralizing antibodies against allosteric proteins: insights from a bacterial adhesin. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167717. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Al-Mughaid H, Nawasreh S, Naser H, Jaradat Y, Al-Zoubi RM. Synthesis and hemagglutination inhibitory properties of mannose-tipped ligands: The effect of terminal phenyl groups and the linker between the mannose residue and the triazole moiety. Carbohydr Res 2022; 515:108559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Al-Mughaid H, Jaradat Y, Khazaaleh M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of mannosyl triazoles and varying the nature of substituents on the terminal phthalimido moiety in the aglycone backbone. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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10
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Richards SJ, Gibson MI. Toward Glycomaterials with Selectivity as Well as Affinity. JACS AU 2021; 1:2089-2099. [PMID: 34984416 PMCID: PMC8717392 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent glycosylated materials (polymers, surfaces, and particles) often show high affinity toward carbohydrate binding proteins (e.g., lectins) due to the nonlinear enhancement from the cluster glycoside effect. This affinity gain has potential in applications from diagnostics, biosensors, and targeted delivery to anti-infectives and in an understanding of basic glycobiology. This perspective highlights the question of selectivity, which is less often addressed due to the reductionist nature of glycomaterials and the promiscuity of many lectins. The use of macromolecular features, including architecture, heterogeneous ligand display, and the installation of non-natural glycans, to address this challenge is discussed, and examples of selectivity gains are given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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11
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Vendeville JB, Kyriakides MJ, Takebayashi Y, Rama S, Preece J, Samphire J, Ramos-Soriano J, Amieva AM, Holbrow-Wilshaw ME, Gordon Newman HR, Kou SL, Medina-Villar S, Dorh N, Dorh JN, Spencer J, Galan MC. Fast Identification and Quantification of Uropathogenic E. coli through Cluster Analysis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:242-252. [PMID: 34894660 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid diagnostic tools to detect, identify, and enumerate bacteria are key to maintaining effective antibiotic stewardship and avoiding the unnecessary prescription of broad-spectrum agents. In this study, a 15 min agglutination assay is developed that relies on the use of mannose-functionalized polymeric microspheres in combination with cluster analysis. This allows for the identification and enumeration of laboratory (BW25113), clinical isolate (NCTC 12241), and uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains (NCTC 9001, NCTC 13958, J96, and CFT073) at clinically relevant concentrations in tryptic soy broth (103-108 CFU/mL) and in urine (105-108 CFU/mL). This fast, simple, and efficient assay offers a step forward toward efficient point-of-care diagnostics for common urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuiko Takebayashi
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, University Walk, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Rama
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - James Preece
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Samphire
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock''s Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Ramos-Soriano
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock''s Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Sio Lou Kou
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Medina-Villar
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Neciah Dorh
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Ndoa Dorh
- FluoretiQ, Unit DX, St Philips Central, Albert Road, BS2 0XJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - James Spencer
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, University Walk, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock''s Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom
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12
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Dätwyler P, Jiang X, Wagner B, Varga N, Mühlethaler T, Hostettler K, Rabbani S, Schwardt O, Ernst B. Prodrugs of E-selectin Antagonists with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Properties. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100634. [PMID: 34870892 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Because of their large polar surface area, carbohydrates often exhibit insufficient pharmacokinetic properties. Specifically, the carboxylic acid function of the tetrasaccharide sialyl Lewisx , a pharmacophore crucial for the formation of a salt bridge with selectins, prevents oral availability. A common approach is the transfer of carboxylic acid into ester prodrugs. Once the prodrug is either actively or passively absorbed, the active principle is released by hydrolysis. In the present study, ester prodrugs of selectin antagonists with aliphatic promoieties were synthesized and their potential for oral availability was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The addition of lipophilic ester moieties to overcome insufficient lipophilicity improved passive permeation into enterocytes, however at the same time supported efflux back to the small intestines as well as oxidation into non-hydrolysable metabolites. In summary, our examples demonstrate that different modifications of carbohydrates can result in opposing effects and have to be studied in their entirety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dätwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Wagner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Varga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Mühlethaler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katja Hostettler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Schwardt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Wawrzinek R, Wamhoff EC, Lefebre J, Rentzsch M, Bachem G, Domeniconi G, Schulze J, Fuchsberger FF, Zhang H, Modenutti C, Schnirch L, Marti MA, Schwardt O, Bräutigam M, Guberman M, Hauck D, Seeberger PH, Seitz O, Titz A, Ernst B, Rademacher C. A Remote Secondary Binding Pocket Promotes Heteromultivalent Targeting of DC-SIGN. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18977-18988. [PMID: 34748320 PMCID: PMC8603350 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Dendritic cells (DC)
are antigen-presenting cells coordinating
the interplay of the innate and the adaptive immune response. The
endocytic C-type lectin receptors DC-SIGN and Langerin display expression
profiles restricted to distinct DC subtypes and have emerged as prime
targets for next-generation immunotherapies and anti-infectives. Using
heteromultivalent liposomes copresenting mannosides bearing aromatic
aglycones with natural glycan ligands, we serendipitously discovered
striking cooperativity effects for DC-SIGN+ but not for
Langerin+ cell lines. Mechanistic investigations combining
NMR spectroscopy with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations
led to the identification of a secondary binding pocket for the glycomimetics.
This pocket, located remotely of DC-SIGN’s carbohydrate bindings
site, can be leveraged by heteromultivalent avidity enhancement. We
further present preliminary evidence that the aglycone allosterically
activates glycan recognition and thereby contributes to DC-SIGN-specific
cell targeting. Our findings have important implications for both
translational and basic glycoscience, showcasing heteromultivalent
targeting of DCs to improve specificity and supporting potential allosteric
regulation of DC-SIGN and CLRs in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wawrzinek
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Eike-Christian Wamhoff
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan Lefebre
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mareike Rentzsch
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Bachem
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary Domeniconi
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Schulze
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix F Fuchsberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hengxi Zhang
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos Modenutti
- Departamento de Química Biológica e IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lennart Schnirch
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcelo A Marti
- Departamento de Química Biológica e IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oliver Schwardt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Bräutigam
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mónica Guberman
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk Hauck
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Campus Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Campus Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,University of Vienna, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Gomez AM, Lopez JC. Bringing Color to Sugars: The Chemical Assembly of Carbohydrates to BODIPY Dyes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3112-3130. [PMID: 34472184 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The combination of carbohydrates with BODIPY fluorophores gives rise to a family of BODIPY-carbohydrate hybrids or glyco-BODIPYs, which mutually benefit from the encounter. Thus, from the carbohydrates standpoint, glyco-BODIPYs can be regarded as fluorescent glycoconjugate derivatives with application in imaging techniques, whereas from the fluorophore view the BODIPY-carbohydrate hybrids benefit from the biocompatibility, water-solubility, and reduced toxicity, among others, brought about by the sugar moiety. In this Account we have intended to present the collection of available methods for the synthesis of BODIPY-carbohydrate hybrids, with a focus on the chemical transformations on the BODIPY core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Gomez
- Bioorganic Chemistry Department, Instituto Quimica Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cristobal Lopez
- Bioorganic Chemistry Department, Instituto Quimica Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Damalanka VC, Maddirala AR, Janetka JW. Novel approaches to glycomimetic design: development of small molecular weight lectin antagonists. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:513-536. [PMID: 33337918 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1857721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The direct binding of carbohydrates or those presented on glycoproteins or glycolipids to proteins is the primary effector of many biological responses. One class of carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins are important in all forms of life. Their functions in animals include regulating cell adhesion, glycoprotein synthesis, metabolism, and mediating immune system response while in bacteria and viruses a lectin-mediated carbohydrate-protein interaction between host cells and the pathogen initiates pathogenesis of the infection.Areas covered: In this review, the authors outline the structural and functional pathogenesis of lectins from bacteria, amoeba, and humans. Mimics of a carbohydrate are referred to as glycomimetics, which are much smaller in molecular weight and are devised to mimic the key binding interactions of the carbohydrate while also allowing additional contacts with the lectin. This article emphasizes the various approaches used over the past 10-15 years in the rational design of glycomimetic ligands.Expert opinion: Medicinal chemistry efforts enabled by X-ray structural biology have identified small-molecule glycomimetic lectin antagonists that have entered or are nearing clinical trials. A common theme in these strategies is the use of biaryl ring systems to emulate the carbohydrate interactions with the lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu C Damalanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
| | - Amarendar Reddy Maddirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
| | - James W Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
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16
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Does targeting Arg98 of FimH lead to high affinity antagonists? Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113093. [PMID: 33340913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance has become an important challenge in the treatment of urinary tract infections. The underlying resistance mechanisms can most likely be circumvented with an antiadhesive approach, antagonizing the lectin FimH located at the tip of fimbriae of uropathogenic E. coli. Here we report on a novel series of FimH antagonists based on the 1-(α-d-mannopyranosyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole scaffold, designed to incorporate carboxylic acid or ester functions to interact with FimH Arg98. The most potent representative of the series, ester 11e, displayed a Kd value of 7.6 nM for the lectin domain of FimH with a general conclusion that all esters outperform carboxylates in terms of affinity. Surprisingly, all compounds from this new series exhibited improved binding affinities also for the R98A mutant, indicating another possible interaction contributing to binding. Our study on 1-(α-d-mannopyranosyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole-based FimH antagonists offers proof that targeting Arg98 side chain by a "chemical common sense", i.e. by introduction of the acidic moiety to form ionic bond with Arg98 is most likely unsuitable approach to boost FimH antagonists' potency.
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17
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Cramer J, Jiang X, Schönemann W, Silbermann M, Zihlmann P, Siegrist S, Fiege B, Jakob RP, Rabbani S, Maier T, Ernst B. Enhancing the enthalpic contribution of hydrogen bonds by solvent shielding. RSC Chem Biol 2020; 1:281-287. [PMID: 34458766 PMCID: PMC8341794 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, polar interactions are heavily burdened by high desolvation penalties resulting from strong solute-solvent interactions. As a consequence thereof, enthalpic contributions of hydrogen bonds to the free energy of binding are severely diminished. However, this effect is strongly attenuated for interactions within solvent-shielded areas of proteins. In microcalorimetric experiments, we show that the bacterial lectin FimH utilizes conformational adaptions to effectively shield its binding site from solvent. The transition into a lower dielectric environment results in an enthalpic benefit of approximately -13 kJ mol-1 for mannoside binding. However, this effect can be abrogated, if the hydrogen bond network within the binding site is disturbed by deoxygenation of the ligand. Conformational adaption leading to reduced local dielectric constants could represent a general mechanism for proteins to enable enthalpy-driven recognition of polar ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cramer
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Schönemann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Pascal Zihlmann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Stefan Siegrist
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Fiege
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Roman Peter Jakob
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Timm Maier
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
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18
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Scharf B, Schmidt TJ, Rabbani S, Stork C, Dobrindt U, Sendker J, Ernst B, Hensel A. Antiadhesive natural products against uropathogenic E. coli: What can we learn from cranberry extract? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112889. [PMID: 32311481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Extracts from Cranberry fruits (Vaccinium macrocarpon) are traditionally used against urinary tract infections, mainly due to antiadhesive activity against uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), but the exact mode of action and compounds, responsible for the activity, are unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY i. To investigate if cranberry extract acts only by a single component or must be assessed as a multi-active-compound preparation; ii to screen isolated cranberry-related natural products under in vitro conditions to pinpoint natural products with antiadhesive effects against UPEC, followed by in silico calculations (QSAR) to predict potential antiadhesive compounds; iii. investigations by using urine samples from cranberry treated volunteers for evaluation on the bacterial transcriptome and the mannose-binding side of FimH, iv. to investigate if besides Tamm Horsfall Protein induction in the kidney, the extract acts also directly against UPEC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Antiadhesive activity of 105 compounds was determined by flow cytometric adhesion assay (UPEC UTI89 on T24 bladder cells). Urine samples from 16 volunteers treated with cranberry extract (p.o., 7 days, 900 mg/day) were used for ex vivo testing concerning influence on the bacterial transcriptome (Illumina RNA-seq) and interaction with the mannose binding domain of type-1 fimbriae. RESULTS i. The antiadhesive effect of cranberry extract cannot be attributed to a single compound or to a single fraction. ii. Unglycosylated flavones and flavonols with bulky substitution of the B ring contribute to the antiadhesive activity. 3'-8″-biflavones and flavolignans (not related to cranberry fruits) were identified as potent antiadhesive compounds against UPEC. iii. QSAR yielded a model with good statistical performance and sufficient internal and external predictive ability. iv. Urine samples from male cranberry-treated volunteers indicated significant interaction with the mannose binding domain of type-1 fimbriae, which correlated with the amount of Tamm-Horsfall Protein in the test samples. v Cranberry extract did not influence the UPEC transcriptome; gene expression of bacterial adhesins (P-, S-fimbrae, curli) was not influenced by the urine samples, while a slight, but non-significant upregulation of type 1 fimbriae was observed. CONCLUSIONS B-ring substituted flavones and flavonols from cranberry contribute to the antiadhesive activity against UPEC by inhibition of the FimH-mediated interaction with the host cell bladder epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Scharf
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Said Rabbani
- University of Basel, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Pharmacy, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Stork
- University Hospital Münster, Institute of Hygiene, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dobrindt
- University Hospital Münster, Institute of Hygiene, Münster, Germany
| | - Jandirk Sendker
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Beat Ernst
- University of Basel, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Pharmacy, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany.
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19
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Sarshar M, Behzadi P, Ambrosi C, Zagaglia C, Palamara AT, Scribano D. FimH and Anti-Adhesive Therapeutics: A Disarming Strategy Against Uropathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E397. [PMID: 32664222 PMCID: PMC7400442 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9070397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-usher fimbrial adhesins are powerful weapons against the uropathogens that allow the establishment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). As the antibiotic therapeutic strategy has become less effective in the treatment of uropathogen-related UTIs, the anti-adhesive molecules active against fimbrial adhesins, key determinants of urovirulence, are attractive alternatives. The best-characterized bacterial adhesin is FimH, produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Hence, a number of high-affinity mono- and polyvalent mannose-based FimH antagonists, characterized by different bioavailabilities, have been reported. Given that antagonist affinities are firmly associated with the functional heterogeneities of different FimH variants, several FimH inhibitors have been developed using ligand-drug discovery strategies to generate high-affinity molecules for successful anti-adhesion therapy. As clinical trials have shown d-mannose's efficacy in UTIs prevention, it is supposed that mannosides could be a first-in-class strategy not only for UTIs, but also to combat other Gram-negative bacterial infections. Therefore, the current review discusses valuable and effective FimH anti-adhesive molecules active against UTIs, from design and synthesis to in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Sarshar
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia- Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 37541-374, Iran
| | - Cecilia Ambrosi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Zagaglia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia- Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Scribano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Dani Di Giò Foundation-Onlus, 00193 Rome, Italy
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20
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Bertin-Jung I, Robert A, Ramalanjaona N, Gulberti S, Bui C, Vincourt JB, Ouzzine M, Jacquinet JC, Lopin-Bon C, Fournel-Gigleux S. A versatile strategy to synthesize N-methyl-anthranilic acid-labelled glycoprobes for fluorescence-based screening assays. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10746-10749. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03882b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we propose a general strategy to label carbohydrates with N-methyl-anthranilic acid to generate glycotools for fluorescence-based screening and carbohydrate–protein interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bertin-Jung
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Anne Robert
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Nick Ramalanjaona
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Sandrine Gulberti
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Catherine Bui
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Vincourt
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | - Mohamed Ouzzine
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
| | | | | | - Sylvie Fournel-Gigleux
- Laboratoire IMoPA UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine
- Biopôle de la Faculté de Médecine CS 50184
- 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex
- France
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21
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Gao F, Xiao J, Huang G. Current scenario of tetrazole hybrids for antibacterial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Magala P, Klevit RE, Thomas WE, Sokurenko EV, Stenkamp RE. RMSD analysis of structures of the bacterial protein FimH identifies five conformations of its lectin domain. Proteins 2019; 88:593-603. [PMID: 31622514 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
FimH is a bacterial adhesin protein located at the tip of Escherichia coli fimbria that functions to adhere bacteria to host cells. Thus, FimH is a critical factor in bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections and is of interest in drug development. It is also involved in vaccine development and as a model for understanding shear-enhanced catch bond cell adhesion. To date, over 60 structures have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank showing interactions between FimH and mannose ligands, potential inhibitors, and other fimbrial proteins. In addition to providing insights about ligand recognition and fimbrial assembly, these structures provide insights into conformational changes in the two domains of FimH that are critical for its function. To gain further insights into these structural changes, we have superposed FimH's mannose binding lectin domain in all these structures and categorized the structures into five groups of lectin domain conformers using RMSD as a metric. Many structures also include the pilin domain, which anchors FimH to the fimbriae and regulates the conformation and function of the lectin domain. For these structures, we have also compared the relative orientations of the two domains. These structural analyses enhance our understanding of the conformational changes associated with FimH ligand binding and domain-domain interactions, including its catch bond behavior through allosteric action of force in bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Magala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rachel E Klevit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Ronald E Stenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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23
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Valverde P, Ardá A, Reichardt NC, Jiménez-Barbero J, Gimeno A. Glycans in drug discovery. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1678-1691. [PMID: 31814952 PMCID: PMC6839814 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are key players in many biological processes. They are essential for protein folding and stability and act as recognition elements in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Thus, being at the heart of medically relevant biological processes, glycans have come onto the scene and are considered hot spots for biomedical intervention. The progress in biophysical techniques allowing access to an increasing molecular and structural understanding of these processes has led to the development of effective therapeutics. Indeed, strategies aimed at designing glycomimetics able to block specific lectin-carbohydrate interactions, carbohydrate-based vaccines mimicking self- and non-self-antigens as well as the exploitation of the therapeutic potential of glycosylated antibodies are being pursued. In this mini-review the most prominent contributions concerning recurrent diseases are highlighted, including bacterial and viral infections, cancer or immune-related pathologies, which certainly show the great promise of carbohydrates in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valverde
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
| | | | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
- Ikerbasque , Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Bizkaia , Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry II , University of the Basque Country , UPV/EHU , 48940 Leioa , Bizkaia , Spain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
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24
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Strategies for the Development of Glycomimetic Drug Candidates. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020055. [PMID: 30978966 PMCID: PMC6631974 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are a structurally-diverse group of natural products which play an important role in numerous biological processes, including immune regulation, infection, and cancer metastasis. Many diseases have been correlated with changes in the composition of cell-surface glycans, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic target. Unfortunately, native carbohydrates suffer from inherently weak binding affinities and poor pharmacokinetic properties. To enhance their usefulness as drug candidates, 'glycomimetics' have been developed: more drug-like compounds which mimic the structure and function of native carbohydrates. Approaches to improve binding affinities (e.g., deoxygenation, pre-organization) and pharmacokinetic properties (e.g., limiting metabolic degradation, improving permeability) have been highlighted in this review, accompanied by relevant examples. By utilizing these strategies, high-affinity ligands with optimized properties can be rationally designed and used to address therapies for novel carbohydrate-binding targets.
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25
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Somasundaram D, Balasubramanain KK, Shanmugasundaram B. Simple and mild stereoselective O-glycosidation using 1,2-anhydrosugars under neutral conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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26
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Schönemann W, Cramer J, Mühlethaler T, Fiege B, Silbermann M, Rabbani S, Dätwyler P, Zihlmann P, Jakob RP, Sager CP, Smieško M, Schwardt O, Maier T, Ernst B. Improvement of Aglycone π-Stacking Yields Nanomolar to Sub-nanomolar FimH Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:749-757. [PMID: 30710416 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a serious concern for the treatment of urinary tract infections. In this context, an anti-adhesive approach targeting FimH, a bacterial lectin enabling the attachment of E. coli to host cells, has attracted considerable interest. FimH can adopt a low/medium-affinity state in the absence and a high-affinity state in the presence of shear forces. Until recently, mostly the high-affinity state has been investigated, despite the fact that a therapeutic antagonist should bind predominantly to the low-affinity state. In this communication, we demonstrate that fluorination of biphenyl α-d-mannosides leads to compounds with perfect π-π stacking interactions with the tyrosine gate of FimH, yielding low nanomolar to sub-nanomolar KD values for the low- and high-affinity states, respectively. The face-to-face alignment of the perfluorinated biphenyl group of FimH ligands and Tyr48 was confirmed by crystal structures as well as 1 H,15 N-HSQC NMR analysis. Finally, fluorination improves pharmacokinetic parameters predictive for oral availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Schönemann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Cramer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Mühlethaler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Fiege
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Dätwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Zihlmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roman P Jakob
- Department Biozentrum, Focal Area Structural Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph P Sager
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Smieško
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Schwardt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timm Maier
- Department Biozentrum, Focal Area Structural Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Maddirala AR, Klein R, Pinkner JS, Kalas V, Hultgren SJ, Janetka JW. Biphenyl Gal and GalNAc FmlH Lectin Antagonists of Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC): Optimization through Iterative Rational Drug Design. J Med Chem 2019; 62:467-479. [PMID: 30540910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The F9/Yde/Fml pilus, tipped with the FmlH adhesin, has been shown to provide uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) a fitness advantage in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Here, we used X-ray structure guided design to optimize our previously described ortho-biphenyl Gal and GalNAc FmlH antagonists such as compound 1 by replacing the carboxylate with a sulfonamide as in 50. Other groups which can accept H-bonds were also tolerated. We pursued further modifications to the biphenyl aglycone resulting in significantly improved activity. Two of the most potent compounds, 86 (IC50 = 0.051 μM) and 90 (IC50 = 0.034 μM), exhibited excellent metabolic stability in mouse plasma and liver microsomes but showed only limited oral bioavailability (<1%) in rats. Compound 84 also showed a good pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in mice after IP dosing with compound exposure above the IC50 for 6 h. These new FmlH antagonists represent new antivirulence drugs for UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarendar Reddy Maddirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Roger Klein
- Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Jerome S Pinkner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Vasilios Kalas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Scott J Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - James W Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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28
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Cauwel M, Sivignon A, Bridot C, Nongbe MC, Deniaud D, Roubinet B, Landemarre L, Felpin FX, Bouckaert J, Barnich N, Gouin SG. Heptylmannose-functionalized cellulose for the binding and specific detection of pathogenic E. coli. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10158-10161. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We developed a chemical method to covalently functionalize cellulose nanofibers and cellulose paper with mannoside ligands displaying a strong affinity for the FimH adhesin from pathogenic E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Cauwel
- Université de Nantes
- CEISAM
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
- UMR CNRS 6230
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Clermont Université
- UMR 1071 Inserm/Université d’Auvergne
- 63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - Clarisse Bridot
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF)
- UMR8576 CNRS
- Lille 59000
- France
| | - Medy C. Nongbe
- Université de Nantes
- CEISAM
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
- UMR CNRS 6230
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
| | - David Deniaud
- Université de Nantes
- CEISAM
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
- UMR CNRS 6230
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
| | - Benoit Roubinet
- Glycodiag, Bâtiment Physique-Chimie
- 45067 Orléans cedex 2
- France
| | | | - François-Xavier Felpin
- Université de Nantes
- CEISAM
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
- UMR CNRS 6230
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF)
- UMR8576 CNRS
- Lille 59000
- France
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- Clermont Université
- UMR 1071 Inserm/Université d’Auvergne
- 63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - Sébastien G. Gouin
- Université de Nantes
- CEISAM
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
- UMR CNRS 6230
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
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29
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Wilkins L, Badi N, Du Prez F, Gibson MI. Double-Modified Glycopolymers from Thiolactones to Modulate Lectin Selectivity and Affinity. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1498-1502. [PMID: 30662815 PMCID: PMC6326524 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent glycomaterials show high affinity toward lectins but are often nonselective as they lack the precise 3-D presentation found in native glycans. Here, thiolactone chemistry is exploited to enable the synthesis of glycopolymers with both a primary binding (galactose) and a variable secondary binding unit in close proximity to each other on the linker. These polymers are used to target the Cholera toxin B subunit, CTxB, inspired by its native branched glycan target, GM-1. The secondary, nonbinding unit was shown to dramatically modulate affinity and selectivity toward the Cholera toxin. These increasingly complex glycopolymers, assembled using accessible chemistry, can help breach the synthetic/biological divide to obtain future glycomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura
E. Wilkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer
Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC),
Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Filip Du Prez
- Polymer
Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC),
Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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30
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Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are among the most common infectious diseases in humans. Due to their frequent occurrence in the community and nosocomial settings, as well as the development of resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents, an enormous financial burden is placed on healthcare systems around the world. Therefore, novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of UTIs are needed. Although UPEC may harbour a plethora of virulence factors, type I fimbriae and P pili are two of the most studied adhesive organelles, since the attachment to host cells in the urinary tract is a crucial step towards infection. Design of receptor analogues that competitively bind to UPEC surface adhesins placed at the top of pili organelles led to the development of anti-adhesive drugs that are increasingly recognized as important and promising alternatives to antibiotic treatment of UTIs.
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31
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Regueiro-Ren A, Swidorski JJ, Liu Z, Chen Y, Sin N, Sit SY, Chen J, Venables BL, Zhu J, Nowicka-Sans B, Protack T, Lin Z, Terry B, Samanta H, Zhang S, Li Z, Easter J, Beno BR, Arora V, Huang XS, Rahematpura S, Parker DD, Haskell R, Santone KS, Cockett MI, Krystal M, Meanwell NA, Jenkins S, Hanumegowda U, Dicker IB. Design, Synthesis, and SAR of C-3 Benzoic Acid, C-17 Triterpenoid Derivatives. Identification of the HIV-1 Maturation Inhibitor 4-((1 R,3a S,5a R,5b R,7a R,11a S,11b R,13a R,13b R)-3a-((2-(1,1-Dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1 H-cyclopenta[ a]chrysen-9-yl)benzoic Acid (GSK3532795, BMS-955176). J Med Chem 2018; 61:7289-7313. [PMID: 30067361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
GSK3532795, formerly known as BMS-955176 (1), is a potent, orally active, second-generation HIV-1 maturation inhibitor (MI) that advanced through phase IIb clinical trials. The careful design, selection, and evaluation of substituents appended to the C-3 and C-17 positions of the natural product betulinic acid (3) was critical in attaining a molecule with the desired virological and pharmacokinetic profile. Herein, we highlight the key insights made in the discovery program and detail the evolution of the structure-activity relationships (SARs) that led to the design of the specific C-17 amine moiety in 1. These modifications ultimately enabled the discovery of 1 as a second-generation MI that combines broad coverage of polymorphic viruses (EC50 <15 nM toward a panel of common polymorphisms representative of 96.5% HIV-1 subtype B virus) with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile in preclinical species.
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32
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Zihlmann P, Silbermann M, Sharpe T, Jiang X, Mühlethaler T, Jakob RP, Rabbani S, Sager CP, Frei P, Pang L, Maier T, Ernst B. KinITC-One Method Supports both Thermodynamic and Kinetic SARs as Exemplified on FimH Antagonists. Chemistry 2018; 24:13049-13057. [PMID: 29939458 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Affinity data, such as dissociation constants (KD ) or inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ), are widely used in drug discovery. However, these parameters describe an equilibrium state, which is often not established in vivo due to pharmacokinetic effects and they are therefore not necessarily sufficient for evaluating drug efficacy. More accurate indicators for pharmacological activity are the kinetics of binding processes, as they shed light on the rate of formation of protein-ligand complexes and their half-life. Nonetheless, although highly desirable for medicinal chemistry programs, studies on structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) are still rare. With the recently introduced analytical tool kinITC this situation may change, since not only thermodynamic but also kinetic information of the binding process can be deduced from isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments. Using kinITC, ITC data of 29 mannosides binding to the bacterial adhesin FimH were re-analyzed to make their binding kinetics accessible. To validate these kinetic data, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments were conducted. The kinetic analysis by kinITC revealed that the nanomolar affinities of the FimH antagonists arise from both (i) an optimized interaction between protein and ligand in the bound state (reduced off-rate constant koff ) and (ii) a stabilization of the transition state or a destabilization of the unbound state (increased on-rate constant kon ). Based on congeneric ligand modifications and structural input from co-crystal structures, a strong relationship between the formed hydrogen-bond network and koff could be concluded, whereas electrostatic interactions and conformational restrictions upon binding were found to have mainly an impact on kon .
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Zihlmann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Sharpe
- Biophysics Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Mühlethaler
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roman P Jakob
- Focal Area Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph P Sager
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Priska Frei
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timm Maier
- Focal Area Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmazentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Beiroth F, Koudelka T, Overath T, Knight SD, Tholey A, Lindhorst TK. Diazirine-functionalized mannosides for photoaffinity labeling: trouble with FimH. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1890-1900. [PMID: 30112094 PMCID: PMC6071696 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoaffinity labeling is frequently employed for the investigation of ligand–receptor interactions in solution. We have employed an interdisciplinary methodology to achieve facile photolabeling of the lectin FimH, which is a bacterial protein, crucial for adhesion, colonization and infection. Following our earlier work, we have here designed and synthesized diazirine-functionalized mannosides as high-affinity FimH ligands and performed an extensive study on photo-crosslinking of the best ligand (mannoside 3) with a series of model peptides and FimH. Notably, we have employed high-performance mass spectrometry to be able to detect radiation results with the highest possible accuracy. We are concluding from this study that photolabeling of FimH with sugar diazirines has only very limited success and cannot be regarded a facile approach for covalent modification of FimH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Beiroth
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tomas Koudelka
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thorsten Overath
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan D Knight
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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34
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Krammer EM, de Ruyck J, Roos G, Bouckaert J, Lensink MF. Targeting Dynamical Binding Processes in the Design of Non-Antibiotic Anti-Adhesives by Molecular Simulation-The Example of FimH. Molecules 2018; 23:E1641. [PMID: 29976867 PMCID: PMC6099838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Located at the tip of type I fimbria of Escherichia coli, the bacterial adhesin FimH is responsible for the attachment of the bacteria to the (human) host by specifically binding to highly-mannosylated glycoproteins located on the exterior of the host cell wall. Adhesion represents a necessary early step in bacterial infection and specific inhibition of this process represents a valuable alternative pathway to antibiotic treatments, as such anti-adhesive drugs are non-intrusive and are therefore unlikely to induce bacterial resistance. The currently available anti-adhesives with the highest affinities for FimH still feature affinities in the nanomolar range. A prerequisite to develop higher-affinity FimH inhibitors is a molecular understanding of the FimH-inhibitor complex formation. The latest insights in the formation process are achieved by combining several molecular simulation and traditional experimental techniques. This review summarizes how molecular simulation contributed to the current knowledge of the molecular function of FimH and the importance of dynamics in the inhibitor binding process, and highlights the importance of the incorporation of dynamical aspects in (future) drug-design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Krammer
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the University of Lille, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Jerome de Ruyck
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the University of Lille, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Goedele Roos
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the University of Lille, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the University of Lille, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Marc F Lensink
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the University of Lille, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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35
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Benmahdjoub S, Ibrahim N, Benmerad B, Alami M, Messaoudi S. One-Pot Assembly of Unsymmetrical Biaryl Thioglycosides through Chemoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Tandem Reaction. Org Lett 2018; 20:4067-4071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Benmahdjoub
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Nada Ibrahim
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Belkacem Benmerad
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Samir Messaoudi
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Sattigeri JA, Garg M, Bhateja P, Soni A, Rauf ARA, Gupta M, Deshmukh MS, Jain T, Alekar N, Barman TK, Jha P, Chaira T, Bambal RB, Upadhyay DJ, Nishi T. Synthesis and evaluation of thiomannosides, potent and orally active FimH inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2993-2997. [PMID: 30017316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
FimH is a type I fimbrial lectin located at the tip of type-1 pili of Gram-negative uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) guiding its ability to adhere and infect urothelial cells. Accordingly, blocking FimH with small molecule inhibitor is considered as a promising new therapeutic alternative to treat urinary tract infections caused by UPEC. Herein, we report that compounds having the S-glycosidic bond (thiomannosides) had improved metabolic stability and plasma exposures when dosed orally. Especially compound 5h showed the potential to inhibit biofilm formation and also to disrupt the preformed biofilm. And compound 5h showed prophylactic effect in UTI model in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra A Sattigeri
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India.
| | - Malvika Garg
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Pragya Bhateja
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Soni
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Abdul Rehman Abdul Rauf
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Mahendrakumar Gupta
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Mahesh S Deshmukh
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Tarun Jain
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Nidhi Alekar
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Tarani Kanta Barman
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Paras Jha
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Tridib Chaira
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Ramesh B Bambal
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Dilip J Upadhyay
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Pvt Ltd., Village Sarhaul, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurugram 122015, Haryana, India
| | - Takahide Nishi
- Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13, Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
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37
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Yan S, Ren S, Ding N, Li Y. Concise total synthesis of acylated phenolic glycosides vitexnegheteroin A and ovatoside D. Carbohydr Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Chen Y, Sit SY, Chen J, Swidorski JJ, Liu Z, Sin N, Venables BL, Parker DD, Nowicka-Sans B, Lin Z, Li Z, Terry BJ, Protack T, Rahematpura S, Hanumegowda U, Jenkins S, Krystal M, Dicker ID, Meanwell NA, Regueiro-Ren A. The design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships associated with C28 amine-based betulinic acid derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 maturation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1550-1557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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39
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Structure-based discovery of glycomimetic FmlH ligands as inhibitors of bacterial adhesion during urinary tract infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2819-E2828. [PMID: 29507247 PMCID: PMC5866590 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720140115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of bacterial infections is becoming a serious clinical challenge due to the global dissemination of multidrug antibiotic resistance, necessitating the search for alternative treatments to disarm the virulence mechanisms underlying these infections. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) employs multiple chaperone-usher pathway pili tipped with adhesins with diverse receptor specificities to colonize various host tissues and habitats. For example, UPEC F9 pili specifically bind galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine epitopes on the kidney and inflamed bladder. Using X-ray structure-guided methods, virtual screening, and multiplex ELISA arrays, we rationally designed aryl galactosides and N-acetylgalactosaminosides that inhibit the F9 pilus adhesin FmlH. The lead compound, 29β-NAc, is a biphenyl N-acetyl-β-galactosaminoside with a Ki of ∼90 nM, representing a major advancement in potency relative to the characteristically weak nature of most carbohydrate-lectin interactions. 29β-NAc binds tightly to FmlH by engaging the residues Y46 through edge-to-face π-stacking with its A-phenyl ring, R142 in a salt-bridge interaction with its carboxylate group, and K132 through water-mediated hydrogen bonding with its N-acetyl group. Administration of 29β-NAc in a mouse urinary tract infection (UTI) model significantly reduced bladder and kidney bacterial burdens, and coadministration of 29β-NAc and mannoside 4Z269, which targets the type 1 pilus adhesin FimH, resulted in greater elimination of bacteria from the urinary tract than either compound alone. Moreover, FmlH specifically binds healthy human kidney tissue in a 29β-NAc-inhibitable manner, suggesting a key role for F9 pili in human kidney colonization. Thus, these glycoside antagonists of FmlH represent a rational antivirulence strategy for UPEC-mediated UTI treatment.
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Rabbani S, Fiege B, Eris D, Silbermann M, Jakob RP, Navarra G, Maier T, Ernst B. Conformational switch of the bacterial adhesin FimH in the absence of the regulatory domain: Engineering a minimalistic allosteric system. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:1835-1849. [PMID: 29180452 PMCID: PMC5798311 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.802942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
For many biological processes such as ligand binding, enzymatic catalysis, or protein folding, allosteric regulation of protein conformation and dynamics is fundamentally important. One example is the bacterial adhesin FimH, where the C-terminal pilin domain exerts negative allosteric control over binding of the N-terminal lectin domain to mannosylated ligands on host cells. When the lectin and pilin domains are separated under shear stress, the FimH-ligand interaction switches in a so-called catch-bond mechanism from the low- to high-affinity state. So far, it has been assumed that the pilin domain is essential for the allosteric propagation within the lectin domain that would otherwise be conformationally rigid. To test this hypothesis, we generated mutants of the isolated FimH lectin domain and characterized their thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural properties using isothermal titration calorimetry, surface plasmon resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray techniques. Intriguingly, some of the mutants mimicked the conformational and kinetic behaviors of the full-length protein and, even in absence of the pilin domain, conducted the cross-talk between allosteric sites and the mannoside-binding pocket. Thus, these mutants represent a minimalistic allosteric system of FimH, useful for further mechanistic studies and antagonist design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Rabbani
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
| | - Brigitte Fiege
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
| | - Deniz Eris
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
| | - Roman Peter Jakob
- the Department Biozentrum, Focal Area Structural Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Navarra
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
| | - Timm Maier
- the Department Biozentrum, Focal Area Structural Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50 and
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Joachim I, Rikker S, Hauck D, Ponader D, Boden S, Sommer R, Hartmann L, Titz A. Development and optimization of a competitive binding assay for the galactophilic low affinity lectin LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:7933-48. [PMID: 27488655 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Infections with the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa result in a high mortality among immunocompromised patients and those with cystic fibrosis. The pathogen can switch from planktonic life to biofilms, and thereby shields itself against antibiotic treatment and host immune defense to establish chronic infections. The bacterial protein LecA, a C-type lectin, is a virulence factor and an integral component for biofilm formation. Inhibition of LecA with its carbohydrate ligands results in reduced biofilm mass, a potential Achilles heel for treatment. Here, we report the development and optimization of a fluorescence polarization-based competitive binding assay with LecA for application in screening of potential inhibitors. As a consequence of the low affinity of d-galactose for LecA, the fluorescent ligand was optimized to reduce protein consumption in the assay. The assay was validated using a set of known inhibitors of LecA and IC50 values in good agreement with the known Kd values were obtained. Finally, we employed the optimized assay to screen sets of synthetic thio-galactosides and natural blood group antigens and report their structure-activity relationship. In addition, we evaluated a multivalent fluorescent assay probe for LecA and report its applicability in an inhibition assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Joachim
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. and Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany and Department of Chemistry and Graduate School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rikker
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dirk Hauck
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. and Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniela Ponader
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sophia Boden
- Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roman Sommer
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. and Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. and Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany and Department of Chemistry and Graduate School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Zetterberg FR, Peterson K, Johnsson RE, Brimert T, Håkansson M, Logan DT, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ. Monosaccharide Derivatives with Low-Nanomolar Lectin Affinity and High Selectivity Based on Combined Fluorine-Amide, Phenyl-Arginine, Sulfur-π, and Halogen Bond Interactions. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:133-137. [PMID: 29194992 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The design of small and high-affinity lectin inhibitors remains a major challenge because the natural ligand binding sites of lectin are often shallow and have polar character. Herein we report that derivatizing galactose with un-natural structural elements that form multiple non-natural lectin-ligand interactions (orthogonal multipolar fluorine-amide, phenyl-arginine, sulfur-π, and halogen bond) can provide inhibitors with extraordinary affinity (low nanomolar) for the model lectin, galectin-3, which is more than five orders of magnitude higher than the parent galactose; moreover, is selective over other galectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik R Zetterberg
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8A, 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Peterson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Brimert
- Red Glead Discovery AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Håkansson
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Derek T Logan
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden.,Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Cutolo G, Reise F, Schuler M, Nehmé R, Despras G, Brekalo J, Morin P, Renard PY, Lindhorst TK, Tatibouët A. Bifunctional mannoside–glucosinolate glycoconjugates as enzymatically triggered isothiocyanates and FimH ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4900-4913. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of glucosinolate–mannoside glycoconjugates combining both the structural features of a myrosinase substrate and a FimH ligand is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cutolo
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
| | - F. Reise
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel
- D-24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - M. Schuler
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
| | - R. Nehmé
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
| | - G. Despras
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel
- D-24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - J. Brekalo
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel
| | - P. Morin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
| | - P.-Y. Renard
- Normandie Université
- Université de Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS
- 76000 Rouen
- COBRA UMR 6014 & FR 3038 IRCOF
- 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex
| | - T. K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel
- D-24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - A. Tatibouët
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans - Rue de Chartres
- 45067 Orléans cedex 02
- France
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Sager CP, Eriş D, Smieško M, Hevey R, Ernst B. What contributes to an effective mannose recognition domain? Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2584-2595. [PMID: 29259668 PMCID: PMC5727865 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, carbohydrate-lectin interactions are characterized by high specificity but also low affinity. The main reason for the low affinities are desolvation costs, due to the numerous hydroxy groups present on the ligand, together with the typically polar surface of the binding sites. Nonetheless, nature has evolved strategies to overcome this hurdle, most prominently in relation to carbohydrate-lectin interactions of the innate immune system but also in bacterial adhesion, a process key for the bacterium's survival. In an effort to better understand the particular characteristics, which contribute to a successful carbohydrate recognition domain, the mannose-binding sites of six C-type lectins and of three bacterial adhesins were analyzed. One important finding is that the high enthalpic penalties caused by desolvation can only be compensated for by the number and quality of hydrogen bonds formed by each of the polar hydroxy groups engaged in the binding process. In addition, since mammalian mannose-binding sites are in general flat and solvent exposed, the half-lives of carbohydrate-lectin complexes are rather short since water molecules can easily access and displace the ligand from the binding site. In contrast, the bacterial lectin FimH benefits from a deep mannose-binding site, leading to a substantial improvement in the off-rate. Together with both a catch-bond mechanism (i.e., improvement of affinity under shear stress) and multivalency, two methods commonly utilized by pathogens, the affinity of the carbohydrate-FimH interaction can be further improved. Including those just described, the various approaches explored by nature to optimize selectivity and affinity of carbohydrate-lectin interactions offer interesting therapeutic perspectives for the development of carbohydrate-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph P Sager
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Eriş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Smieško
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Hevey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Sager CP, Fiege B, Zihlmann P, Vannam R, Rabbani S, Jakob RP, Preston RC, Zalewski A, Maier T, Peczuh MW, Ernst B. The price of flexibility - a case study on septanoses as pyranose mimetics. Chem Sci 2017; 9:646-654. [PMID: 29629131 PMCID: PMC5868388 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven-membered ring mimetics of mannose were studied as ligands for the mannose-specific bacterial lectin FimH, which plays an essential role in the first step of urinary tract infections (UTI). A competitive binding assay and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments indicated an approximately ten-fold lower affinity for the seven-membered ring mannose mimetic 2-O-n-heptyl-1,6-anhydro-d-glycero-d-galactitol (7) compared to n-heptyl α-d-mannopyranoside (2), resulting exclusively from a loss of conformational entropy. Investigations by solution NMR, X-ray crystallography, and molecular modeling revealed that 7 establishes a superimposable H-bond network compared to mannoside 2, but at the price of a high entropic penalty due to the loss of its pronounced conformational flexibility. These results underscore the importance of having access to the complete thermodynamic profile of a molecular interaction to "rescue" ligands from entropic penalties with an otherwise perfect fit to the protein binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph P Sager
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Brigitte Fiege
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Pascal Zihlmann
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Raghu Vannam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 N. Eagleville Road U3060, Storrs , CT , 06279 USA .
| | - Said Rabbani
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Roman P Jakob
- University of Basel , Biozentrum: Focal Area Structural Biology , Klingelbergstrasse 70 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Roland C Preston
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Adam Zalewski
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Timm Maier
- University of Basel , Biozentrum: Focal Area Structural Biology , Klingelbergstrasse 70 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Mark W Peczuh
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 N. Eagleville Road U3060, Storrs , CT , 06279 USA .
| | - Beat Ernst
- University of Basel , Institute of Molecular Pharmacy , Pharmacenter of the University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , 4056 , Basel , Switzerland .
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46
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Tunable stereoselectivity in the synthesis of α- and β-aryl glycosides using 1,2-α-anhydrosugars as glycosyl donors. Carbohydr Res 2017; 449:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sivignon A, Bouckaert J, Bernard J, Gouin SG, Barnich N. The potential of FimH as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:837-847. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1363184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Sivignon
- M2iSH, UMR 1071 Inserm, INRA USC-2018, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF – Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Bernard
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ; INSA-Lyon, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Villeurbanne, France ; CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne, France
- INSA-Lyon, IMP, Villeurbanne, France
- UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sebastien G. Gouin
- CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, LUNAM Université, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- M2iSH, UMR 1071 Inserm, INRA USC-2018, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France
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48
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Frei P, Pang L, Silbermann M, Eriş D, Mühlethaler T, Schwardt O, Ernst B. Target-directed Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: A Study on Potentials and Pitfalls as Exemplified on a Bacterial Target. Chemistry 2017; 23:11570-11577. [PMID: 28654733 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Target-directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is an emerging technique for the efficient identification of inhibitors of pharmacologically relevant targets. In this contribution, we present an application for a bacterial target, the lectin FimH, a crucial virulence factor of uropathogenic E. coli being the main cause of urinary tract infections. A small dynamic library of acylhydrazones was formed from aldehydes and hydrazides and equilibrated at neutral pH in presence of aniline as nucleophilic catalyst. The major success factors turned out to be an accordingly adjusted ratio of scaffolds and fragments, an adequate sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis, and the data processing. Only then did the ranking of the dynamic library constituents correlate well with affinity data. Furthermore, as a support of DCC applications especially to larger libraries, a new protocol for improved hit identification was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priska Frei
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Eriş
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Mühlethaler
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Schwardt
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Innovative Solutions to Sticky Situations: Antiadhesive Strategies for Treating Bacterial Infections. Microbiol Spectr 2017; 4. [PMID: 27227305 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.vmbf-0023-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adherence to host tissue is an essential process in pathogenesis, necessary for invasion and colonization and often required for the efficient delivery of toxins and other bacterial effectors. As existing treatment options for common bacterial infections dwindle, we find ourselves rapidly approaching a tipping point in our confrontation with antibiotic-resistant strains and in desperate need of new treatment options. Bacterial strains defective in adherence are typically avirulent and unable to cause infection in animal models. The importance of this initial binding event in the pathogenic cascade highlights its potential as a novel therapeutic target. This article seeks to highlight a variety of strategies being employed to treat and prevent infection by targeting the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion. Advancements in this area include the development of novel antivirulence therapies using small molecules, vaccines, and peptides to target a variety of bacterial infections. These therapies target bacterial adhesion through a number of mechanisms, including inhibition of pathogen receptor biogenesis, competition-based strategies with receptor and adhesin analogs, and the inhibition of binding through neutralizing antibodies. While this article is not an exhaustive description of every advancement in the field, we hope it will highlight several promising examples of the therapeutic potential of antiadhesive strategies.
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50
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Mydock-McGrane LK, Hannan TJ, Janetka JW. Rational design strategies for FimH antagonists: new drugs on the horizon for urinary tract infection and Crohn's disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:711-731. [PMID: 28506090 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1331216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The bacterial adhesin FimH is a virulence factor and an attractive therapeutic target for urinary tract infection (UTI) and Crohn's Disease (CD). Located on type 1 pili of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), the FimH adhesin plays an integral role in the pathogenesis of UPEC. Recent efforts have culminated in the development of small-molecule mannoside FimH antagonists that target the mannose-binding lectin domain of FimH, inhibiting its function and preventing UPEC from binding mannosylated host cells in the bladder, thereby circumventing infection. Areas covered: The authors describe the structure-guided design of mannoside ligands, and review the structural biology of the FimH lectin domain. Additionally, they discuss the lead optimization of mannosides for therapeutic application in UTI and CD, and describe various assays used to measure mannoside potency in vitro and mouse models used to determine efficacy in vivo. Expert opinion: To date, mannoside optimization has led to a diverse set of small-molecule FimH antagonists with oral bioavailability. With clinical trials already initiated in CD and on the horizon for UTI, it is the authors, opinion that mannosides will be a 'first-in-class' treatment strategy for UTI and CD, and will pave the way for treatment of other Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James W Janetka
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics , Washington University School of Medicine , Saint Louis , MO , USA
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