1
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Khan A, Pradeep S, Dastager SG. In vitro anticancer evaluation of Enceleamycin A and its underlying mechanism. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34183-34193. [PMID: 38019992 PMCID: PMC10663723 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become more crucial than ever to find novel anticancer compounds due to the rise in cancer mortality and resistance to the present chemotherapeutic drugs. Naphthoquinones are regarded as privileged structures for their ability to inhibit various cancers. The current study examined three novel furo-naphthoquinones (Enceleamycins A-C) previously isolated from Amycolatopsis sp. MCC 0218 for their anticancer potential. Enceleamycin A demonstrated considerable cytotoxicity for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 1.25 μg mL-1 (3.78 μM). It also showed the ability to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell migration. Enceleamycin A raises intracellular ROS levels in TNBC cells, ultimately leading to apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by Annexin V/PI staining. The molecular docking and simulation investigation revealed better binding affinity of Enceleamycin A with AKT2, which plays a vital role in breast cancer's invasiveness and chemo-resistance. Enceleamycin A inhibits the AKT2 enzyme in vitro with an IC50 value of 0.736 μg mL-1 (2.22 μM), further validating the docking study. The in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics characteristics of Enceleamycin A demonstrated its drug-likeness. Intriguingly, Enceleamycin A is non-hemolytic in nature. Taken together, Enceleamycin A could be a candidate molecule for treating TNBC cells by targeting the AKT2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abujunaid Khan
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
| | - S Pradeep
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
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2
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Inoue S, Inahashi Y, Itakura M, Inoue G, Muneshige K, Hirose T, Iwatsuki M, Takaso M, Miyagi M, Uchida K. Medermycin Inhibits TNFα-Promoted Inflammatory Reaction in Human Synovial Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13871. [PMID: 37762174 PMCID: PMC10531480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovial inflammation plays a crucial role in the destruction of joints and the experience of pain in osteoarthritis (OA). Emerging evidence suggests that certain antibiotic agents and their derivatives possess anti-inflammatory properties. Medermycin (MED) has been identified as a potent antibiotic, specifically active against Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of MED on TNFα-induced inflammatory reactions in a synovial cell line, SW-982, as well as primary human synovial fibroblasts (HSF) using RNA sequencing, rtRT-PCR, ELISA, and western blotting. Through the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we identified a total of 1478 significantly upregulated genes in SW-982 cells stimulated with TNFα compared to the vehicle control. Among these upregulated genes, MED treatment led to a reduction in 1167 genes, including those encoding proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1B, IL6, and IL8. Pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of DEGs in the TNF and NFκB signaling pathway, further supporting the involvement of MED in modulating inflammatory responses. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that MED inhibited the expression of IL6 and IL8 at both the mRNA and protein levels in both SW982 cells and HSF. Additionally, MED treatment resulted in a reduction in p65 phosphorylation in both cell types, indicating its inhibitory effect on NFκB activation. Interestingly, MED also inhibited Akt phosphorylation in SW982 cells, but not in HSF. Overall, our findings suggest that MED suppresses TNFα-mediated inflammatory cytokine production and p65 phosphorylation. These results highlight the potential therapeutic value of MED in managing inflammatory conditions in OA. Further investigations utilizing articular chondrocytes and animal models of OA may provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of MED for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Inoue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Yuki Inahashi
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Makoto Itakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan;
| | - Gen Inoue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Kyoko Muneshige
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Tomoyasu Hirose
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masato Iwatsuki
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Minato-ku Shirokane, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masashi Takaso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Masayuki Miyagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Kentaro Uchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City 252-0374, Japan; (S.I.); (G.I.); (K.M.); (M.T.); (M.M.)
- Shonan University of Medical Sciences Research Institute, Nishikubo 500, Chigasaki 253-0083, Japan
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3
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Haji N, Faizi M, Koutentis PA, Carty MP, Aldabbagh F. Heterocyclic Iminoquinones and Quinones from the National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) COMPARE Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:5202. [PMID: 37446864 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review uses the National Cancer Institute (NCI) COMPARE program to establish an extensive list of heterocyclic iminoquinones and quinones with similarities in differential growth inhibition patterns across the 60-cell line panel of the NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP). Many natural products and synthetic analogues are revealed as potential NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrates, through correlations to dipyridoimidazo[5,4-f]benzimidazoleiminoquinone (DPIQ), and as potential thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitors, through correlations to benzo[1,2,4]triazin-7-ones and pleurotin. The strong correlation to NQO1 infers the enzyme has a major influence on the amount of the active compound with benzo[e]perimidines, phenoxazinones, benz[f]pyrido[1,2-a]indole-6,11-quinones, seriniquinones, kalasinamide, indolequinones, and furano[2,3-b]naphthoquinones, hypothesised as prodrugs. Compounds with very strong correlations to known TrxR inhibitors had inverse correlations to the expression of both reductase enzymes, NQO1 and TrxR, including naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]oxazepane-6,11-diones, benzo[a]carbazole-1,4-diones, pyranonaphthoquinones (including kalafungin, nanaomycin A, and analogues of griseusin A), and discorhabdin C. Quinoline-5,8-dione scaffolds based on streptonigrin and lavendamycin can correlate to either reductase. Inhibitors of TrxR are not necessarily (imino)quinones, e.g., parthenolides, while oxidising moieties are essential for correlations to NQO1, as with the mitosenes. Herein, an overview of synthetic methods and biological activity of each family of heterocyclic imino(quinone) is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naemah Haji
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Masoma Faizi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK
| | | | - Michael P Carty
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Fawaz Aldabbagh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK
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4
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Occhiuzzi MA, Lico G, Ioele G, De Luca M, Garofalo A, Grande F. Recent advances in PI3K/PKB/mTOR inhibitors as new anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114971. [PMID: 36462440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical role of the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signalling pathway in cell-cycle regulation is now well known. During the onset and development of different forms of cancer it becomes overactive reducing apoptosis and allowing cell proliferation. Therefore, this pathway has become an important target for the treatment of various forms of malignant tumors, including breast cancer and follicular lymphoma. Recently, several more or less selective inhibitors targeting these proteins have been identified. In general, drugs that act on multiple targets within the entire pathway are more efficient than single targeting inhibitors. Multiple inhibitors exhibit high potency and limited drug resistance, resulting in promising anticancer agents. In this context, the present survey focuses on small molecule drugs capable of modulating the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signalling pathway, thus representing drugs or drug candidates to be used in the pharmacological treatment of different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gernando Lico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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5
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Microwave‐Assisted Multicomponent Synthesis of New 6‐Arylated 5‐Hydroxy‐benzo[
a
]phenazine Derivatives and Their Potential Anti‐inflammatory Activity. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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6
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Synthesis of novel γ-butyrolactone-based phenazine compounds via microwave-assisted multicomponent domino reactions. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-023-03152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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7
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Cai X, Taguchi T, Wang H, Yuki M, Tanaka M, Gong K, Xu J, Zhao Y, Ichinose K, Li A. Identification of a C-Glycosyltransferase Involved in Medermycin Biosynthesis. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1059-1069. [PMID: 34080843 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
C-Glycosylation in the biosynthesis of bioactive natural products is quite unique, which has not been studied well. Medermycin, as an antitumor agent in the family of pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotics, is featured with unique C-glycosylation. Here, a new C-glycosyltransferase (C-GT) Med-8 was identified to be essential for the biosynthesis of medermycin, as the first example of C-GT to recognize a rare deoxyaminosugar (angolosamine). med-8 and six genes (med-14, -15, -16, -17, -18, and -20 located in the medermycin biosynthetic gene cluster) predicted for the biosynthesis of angolosamine were proved to be functional and sufficient for C-glycosylation. A C-glycosylation cassette composed of these seven genes could convert a proposed substrate into a C-glycosylated product. In conclusion, these genes involved in the C-glycosylation of medermycin were functionally identified and biosynthetically engineered, and they provided the possibility of producing new C-glycosylated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Cai
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Takaaki Taguchi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Huili Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Megumi Yuki
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Megumi Tanaka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Kai Gong
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinghua Xu
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Aiying Li
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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8
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Cai X, Li C, Ichinose K, Jiang Y, Liu M, Wang H, Gong C, Li L, Wan J, Zhao Y, Yang Q, Li A. A single-domain small protein Med-ORF10 regulates the production of antitumour agent medermycin in Streptomyces. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:1918-1930. [PMID: 34139068 PMCID: PMC8449675 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Med-ORF10, a single-domain protein with unknown function encoded by a gene located in a gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of a novel antitumour antibiotic medermycin, shares high homology to a group of small proteins widely distributed in many aromatic polyketide antibiotic pathways. This group of proteins contain a nuclear transport factor-2 (NTF-2) domain and appear to undergo an evolutionary divergence in their functions. Gene knockout and interspecies complementation suggested that Med-ORF10 plays a regulatory role in medermycin biosynthetic pathway. Overexpression of med-ORF10 in its wild-type strain led to significant increase of medermycin production. It was also shown by qRT-PCR and Western blot that Med-ORF10 controls the expression of genes encoding tailoring enzymes involved in medermycin biosynthesis. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that Med-ORF10 has pleiotropic effects on more targets. However, there is no similar conserved domain available in Med-ORF10 compared to those of mechanistically known regulatory proteins; meanwhile, no direct interaction between Med-ORF10 and its target promoter DNA was detected via gel shift assay. All these studies suggest that Med-ORF10 regulates medermycin biosynthesis probably via an indirect mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Cai
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.,The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.,School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Caiyun Li
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Yali Jiang
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ming Liu
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Huili Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Caixia Gong
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Le Li
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Juan Wan
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Aiying Li
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.,The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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9
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Pleiotropic effects of ActVI-ORFA as an unusual regulatory factor identified in the biosynthetic pathway of actinorhodin in Streptomyces coelicolor. Microbiol Res 2021; 250:126792. [PMID: 34082307 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory networks play critical roles in controlling the the biosynthesis of natural products in Streptomyces. ActVI-ORFA, a regulatory factor encoded by the actinorhodin biosynthetic gene cluster (act cluster), positively controls the production of actinorhodin (ACT) in Streptomyces coelicolor, although its regulatory mechanism remains obscure. This study aimed to identify the regulatory targets of ActVI-ORFA. Deletion of ActVI-ORFA caused the differential expression of hundreds of proteins, as determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting analysis. qRT-PCR analysis of some genes encoding these differentially expressed proteins, including act genes and non-act genes, confirmed that ActVI-ORFA could control their transcriptional levels. In an electrophoretic mobility shift assay with a promoter region of a target gene located in the act cluster, no binding was detected, consistent with the lack of a recognizable DNA-binding domain in ActVI-ORFA. Overall, our findings suggest that ActVI-ORFA is a pleiotropic regulatory factor that controls multiple physiological pathways, including secondary metabolite production, probably via an indirect mode.
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10
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Hur J, Jang J, Sim J. A Review of the Pharmacological Activities and Recent Synthetic Advances of γ-Butyrolactones. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2769. [PMID: 33803380 PMCID: PMC7967234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Butyrolactone, a five-membered lactone moiety, is one of the privileged structures of diverse natural products and biologically active small molecules. Because of their broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, synthetic methods for γ-butyrolactones have received significant attention from synthetic and medicinal chemists for decades. Recently, new developments and improvements in traditional methods have been reported by considering synthetic efficiency, feasibility, and green chemistry. In this review, the pharmacological activities of natural and synthetic γ-butyrolactones are described, including their structures and bioassay methods. Mainly, we summarize recent advances, occurring during the past decade, in the construction of γ-butyrolactone classified based on the bond formation in γ-butyrolactone between (i) C5-O1 bond, (ii) C4-C5 and C2-O1 bonds, (iii) C3-C4 and C2-O1 bonds, (iv) C3-C4 and C5-O1 bonds, (v) C2-C3 and C2-O1 bonds, (vi) C3-C4 bond, and (vii) C2-O1 bond. In addition, the application to the total synthesis of natural products bearing γ-butyrolactone scaffolds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonseong Hur
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 25451, Korea;
| | - Jaebong Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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11
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Positioning of an unprecedented spiro[5.5]undeca ring system into kinase inhibitor space. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21265. [PMID: 33277542 PMCID: PMC7719162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In-house 1,5-oxaza spiroquinone 1, with spiro[5.5]undeca ring system, was announced as an unprecedented anti-inflammatory scaffold through chemistry-oriented synthesis (ChOS), a chemocentric approach. Herein, we studied how to best position the spiro[5.5]undeca ring system in kinase inhibitor space. Notably, late-stage modification of the scaffold 1 into compounds 2a-r enhanced kinase-likeness of the scaffold 1. The improvement could be depicted with (1) selectivity with target shift (from JNK-1 into GSK-3) and (2) potency (> 20-fold). In addition, ATP independent IC50 of compound 2j suggested a unique binding mode of this scaffold between ATP site and substrate site, which was explained by docking based optimal site selection and molecular dynamic simulations of the optimal binding site. Despite the shift of kinase profiling, the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 2a-r could be retained in hyperactivated microglial cells.
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12
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Abstract
The privileged substructure (PS) and activity cliff (AC) concepts are popular in pharmaceutical research. PSs have been empirically identified as preferred building blocks for target-class-directed generation of active compounds. Although some PSs are controversially viewed, they continue to receive much attention in drug discovery. ACs are formed by structurally similar active compounds with large potency differences and thus capture structure-activity relationship (SAR) discontinuity and reveal SAR determinants. So far, the PS and AC concepts have not been investigated in context. We have systematically explored ACs formed by compounds containing different PSs (PS-ACs). Such ACs were frequently identified in different series of compounds. PS-ACs were thoroughly characterized and compared to ACs formed by other compounds. The analysis revealed differences in AC formation between PSs. For example, individual PSs with an unusually high proportion of AC-forming compounds were identified. Furthermore, PS-AC network analysis identified clusters of ACs containing the same PS in different compound structure contexts with activity against different targets. From such PS-AC clusters, target-specific SAR information for PSs in different structural environments can be extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Endenicher Allee 19c, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Endenicher Allee 19c, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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13
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Yamano MM, Knapp RR, Ngamnithiporn A, Ramirez M, Houk KN, Stoltz BM, Garg NK. Cycloadditions of Oxacyclic Allenes and a Catalytic Asymmetric Entryway to Enantioenriched Cyclic Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Yamano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Rachel R. Knapp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Aurapat Ngamnithiporn
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Melissa Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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14
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Yamano MM, Knapp RR, Ngamnithiporn A, Ramirez M, Houk KN, Stoltz BM, Garg NK. Cycloadditions of Oxacyclic Allenes and a Catalytic Asymmetric Entryway to Enantioenriched Cyclic Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5653-5657. [PMID: 30811080 PMCID: PMC6456397 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of strained cyclic alkynes has undergone a renaissance over the past two decades. However, a related species, strained cyclic allenes, especially heterocyclic derivatives, have only recently resurfaced and represent another class of valuable intermediates. We report a mild and facile means to generate the parent 3,4-oxacyclic allene from a readily accessible silyl triflate precursor, and then trap it in (4+2), (3+2), and (2+2) reactions to provide a variety of cycloadducts. In addition, we describe a catalytic, decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation performed on an α-silylated substrate, to ultimately permit access to an enantioenriched allene. Generation and trapping of the enantioenriched cyclic allene occurs with complete transfer of stereochemical information in a Diels-Alder cycloaddition through a point-chirality, axial-chirality, point-chirality transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Yamano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rachel R Knapp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aurapat Ngamnithiporn
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Melissa Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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15
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Thioquinomycins A-D, novel naphthothiophenediones from the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SS17F. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Ando Y, Suzuki K. Photoredox Reactions of Quinones. Chemistry 2018; 24:15955-15964. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Ando
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 O-okayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 O-okayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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17
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Hou X, Wang M, Wen Y, Ni T, Guan X, Lan L, Zhang N, Zhang A, Yang CG. Quinone skeleton as a new class of irreversible inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus sortase A. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1864-1869. [PMID: 29650293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sortase A (SrtA) anchors surface proteins to the cell wall and aids biofilm formation during infection, which functions as a key virulence factor of important Gram-positive pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. At present researchers need a way in which to validate whether or not SrtA is a druggable target alternative to the conventional antibiotic targets in the mechanism. In this study, we performed a high-throughput screening and identified a new class of potential inhibitors of S. aureus SrtA, which are derived from natural products and contain the quinone skeleton. Compound 283 functions as an irreversible inhibitor that covalently alkylates the active site Cys184 of SrtA. NMR analysis confirms the direct interaction of the small-molecule inhibitor towards SrtA protein. The anchoring of protein A (SpA) to the cell wall and the biofilm formation are significantly attenuated when the S. aureus Newman strain is cultured in the presence of inhibitor. Our study indicates that compound 283 could be a potential hit for the development of new anti-virulence agents against S. aureus infections by covalently targeting SrtA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meining Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tengfeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiangna Guan
- Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 ZhangHeng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lefu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Cai-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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18
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The binding landscape of a partially-selective isopeptidase inhibitor with potent pro-death activity, based on the bis(arylidene)cyclohexanone scaffold. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:184. [PMID: 29416018 PMCID: PMC5833369 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0259-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diaryldienone derivatives with accessible β-carbons show strong anti-neoplastic properties, related to their ability to make covalent adducts with free thiols by Michael addition, and low toxicity in vivo. Accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and induction of cell death are universal hallmarks of their activities. These compounds have been characterized as inhibitors of isopeptidases, a family of cysteine-proteases, which de-conjugate ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins from their targets. However, it is unclear whether they can also react with additional proteins. In this work, we utilized the biotin-conjugated diaryldienone-derivative named 2c, as a bait to purify novel cellular targets of these small molecules. Proteomic analyses have unveiled that, in addition to isopeptidases, these inhibitors can form stable covalent adducts with different intracellular proteins, thus potentially impacting on multiple functions of the cells, from cytoskeletal organization to metabolism. These widespread activities can explain the ability of diaryldienone derivatives to efficiently trigger different cell death pathways.
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19
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Neumeyer M, Kopp J, Brückner R. Controlling the Substitution Pattern of Hexasubstituted Naphthalenes by Aryne/Siloxyfuran Diels-Alder Additions: Regio- and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Arizonin C1 Analogs. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Neumeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Julia Kopp
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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20
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Naysmith BJ, Hume PA, Sperry J, Brimble MA. Pyranonaphthoquinones - isolation, biology and synthesis: an update. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:25-61. [PMID: 27759131 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2008 to 2015. A review on the isolation, biological activity and synthesis of pyranonaphthoquinone natural products from 2008-2015 is providedThis review discusses the isolation, biological activity and synthesis of pyranonaphthoquinone natural products, covering the years 2008-2015. The pyranonaphthoquinones are a group of metabolites sharing a common naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione ring system that have been isolated from a wide range of microorganisms, plants and insects. In addition to their synthetically challenging molecular structures, pyranonaphthoquinones exhibit a wide array of biological activity, including anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-cancer properties. The therapeutic potential of these compounds has led to a dynamic interplay between total synthesis and biological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briar J Naysmith
- School of Chemical Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul A Hume
- School of Chemical Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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21
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Kumar D, Sharma P, Singh H, Nepali K, Gupta GK, Jain SK, Ntie-Kang F. The value of pyrans as anticancer scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05441f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyran-based heterocycles are promising for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy Manawala
| | - Harmanpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Girish Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- M. M. College of Pharmacy
- Maharishi Markandeshwer University
- Mullana
- India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Buea
- Buea
- Cameroon
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22
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Neumeyer M, Brückner R. Nonracemic γ-Lactones from the Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of β,γ-Unsaturated Carboxylic Esters. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Neumeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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23
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Che Q, Tan H, Han X, Zhang X, Gu Q, Zhu T, Li D. Naquihexcin A, a S-Bridged Pyranonaphthoquinone Dimer Bearing an Unsaturated Hexuronic Acid Moiety from a Sponge-Derived Streptomyces sp. HDN-10-293. Org Lett 2016; 18:3358-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Che
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine
Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Shah TK, Medina JM, Garg NK. Expanding the Strained Alkyne Toolbox: Generation and Utility of Oxygen-Containing Strained Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4948-54. [PMID: 26987257 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report synthetic methodology that permits access to two oxacyclic strained intermediates, the 4,5-benzofuranyne and the 3,4-oxacyclohexyne. In situ trapping of these intermediates affords an array of heterocyclic scaffolds by the formation of one or more new C-C or C-heteroatom bonds. Experimentally determined regioselectivities were consistent with predictions made using the distortion/interaction model and were also found to be greater compared to selectivities seen in the case of trapping experiments of the corresponding N-containing intermediates. These studies demonstrate the synthetic versatility of oxacyclic arynes and alkynes for the synthesis of functionalized heterocycles, while further expanding the scope of the distortion/interaction model. Moreover, these efforts underscore the value of harnessing strained heterocyclic intermediates as a unique approach to building polycyclic heteroatom-containing frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas K Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jose M Medina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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25
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Hu Y, Stumpfe D, Bajorath J. Computational Exploration of Molecular Scaffolds in Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4062-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hu
- Department of Life Science
Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Dahlmannstrasse 2, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dagmar Stumpfe
- Department of Life Science
Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Dahlmannstrasse 2, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science
Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Dahlmannstrasse 2, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
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26
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Nitulescu GM, Margina D, Juzenas P, Peng Q, Olaru OT, Saloustros E, Fenga C, Spandidos DΑ, Libra M, Tsatsakis AM. Akt inhibitors in cancer treatment: The long journey from drug discovery to clinical use (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 48:869-85. [PMID: 26698230 PMCID: PMC4750533 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted cancer therapies are used to inhibit the growth, progression, and metastasis of the tumor by interfering with specific molecular targets and are currently the focus of anticancer drug development. Protein kinase B, also known as Akt, plays a central role in many types of cancer and has been validated as a therapeutic target nearly two decades ago. This review summarizes the intracellular functions of Akt as a pivotal point of converging signaling pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, apoptotis and neo‑angiogenesis, and focuses on the drug design strategies to develop potent anticancer agents targeting Akt. The discovery process of Akt inhibitors has evolved from adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‑competitive agents to alternative approaches employing allosteric sites in order to overcome the high degree of structural similarity between Akt isoforms in the catalytic domain, and considerable structural analogy to the AGC kinase family. This process has led to the discovery of inhibitors with greater specificity, reduced side-effects and lower toxicity. A second generation of Akt has inhibitors emerged by incorporating a chemically reactive Michael acceptor template to target the nucleophile cysteines in the catalytic activation loop. The review outlines the development of several promising drug candidates emphasizing the importance of each chemical scaffold. We explore the pipeline of Akt inhibitors and their preclinical and clinical examination status, presenting the potential clinical application of these agents as a monotherapy or in combination with ionizing radiation, other targeted therapies, or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Denisa Margina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Petras Juzenas
- Department of Pathology, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of Pathology, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Oncology Unit, General Hospital of Heraklion 'Venizelio', Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrios Α Spandidos
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, I‑95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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27
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Expression, Crystallization and Preliminary X-ray Diffraction Analyses of Med-ORF10 in the Biosynthetic Pathway of an Antitumor Antibiotic Medermycin. Protein J 2015; 34:404-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-015-9635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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He Q, Li L, Yang T, Li R, Li A. Functional Characterization of a Ketoreductase-Encoding Gene med-ORF12 Involved in the Formation of a Stereospecific Pyran Ring during the Biosynthesis of an Antitumor Antibiotic Medermycin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132431. [PMID: 26162081 PMCID: PMC4498746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Medermycin, a polyketide antibiotic, possesses strong bioactivity against a variety of tumors through a novel mechanism and is structurally featured with a pyran ring containing two chiral centers (3S and 15R). By far the biosynthetic origin of such enantiomerical conformations still remains obscure. In the present study, we reported the functional characterization of a proposed ketoreductase Med-ORF12 encoded by medermycin biosynthetic cluster and revealed its involvement in the stereochemical control at C3 center of medermycin. Firstly, bioinformatics analysis of Med-ORF12 suggested that it belongs to a group of stereospecific ketoreductases. Next, a Med-ORF12-deficient mutant was obtained and LC/MS measurements demonstrated that medermycin production was completely abolished in this mutant. Meanwhile, it was found that two shunt products were accumulated at the absence of Med-ORF12. Finally, the reintroduction of Med-ORF12 into this mutant could restore the production of medermycin. In a conclusion, these data supported that Med-ORF12 is essential for the biosynthesis of medermycin and performs its role as a stereospecifc ketoreductase in the tailoring steps of medermycin biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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29
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Xiakemycin A, a novel pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic, produced by the Streptomyces sp. CC8-201 from the soil of a karst cave. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:771-4. [PMID: 26104142 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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31
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Yan R, Chuang HC, Kapuriya N, Chou CC, Lai PT, Chang HW, Yang CN, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Exploitation of the ability of γ-tocopherol to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 to develop PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2290-8. [PMID: 25689347 DOI: 10.1021/jm501751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Akt inactivation by γ-tocopherol (2) in PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells resulted from its unique ability to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 (PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase isoform 1), a Ser473-specific Akt phosphatase, through pleckstrin homology (PH) domain binding. This finding provided a basis for exploiting 2 to develop a novel class of PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. Here, we used 3 (γ-VE5), a side chain-truncated 2 derivative, as a scaffold for lead optimization. The proof-of-concept of this structural optimization was obtained by 20, which exhibited higher antitumor efficacy than 3 in PTEN-negative cancer cells through PHLPP1-facilitated Akt inactivation. Like 3, 20 preferentially recognized the PH domains of Akt and PHLPP1, as its binding affinities for other PH domains, including those of ILK and PDK1, were an order-of-magnitude lower. Moreover, 20 was orally active in suppressing xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, which underlines the translational potential of this new class of Akt inhibitor in PTEN-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribai Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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32
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Accumulation of a bioactive benzoisochromanequinone compound kalafungin by a wild type antitumor-medermycin-producing streptomycete strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117690. [PMID: 25695632 PMCID: PMC4335000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medermycin and kalafungin, two antibacterial and antitumor antibiotics isolated from different streptomycetes, share an identical polyketide skeleton core. The present study reported the discovery of kalafungin in a medermycin-producing streptomycete strain for the first time. A mutant strain obtained through UV mutagenesis showed a 3-fold increase in the production of this antibiotic, compared to the wild type strain. Heterologous expression experiments suggested that its production was severely controlled by the gene cluster for medermycin biosynthesis. In all, these findings suggested that kalafungin and medermycin could be accumulated by the same streptomycete and share their biosynthetic pathway to some extent in this strain.
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33
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Wellington KW. Understanding cancer and the anticancer activities of naphthoquinones – a review. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13547d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinone moieties are present in drugs such as doxorubicin which are used clinically to treat solid cancers.
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34
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Zhang ZQ, Liu F. CuX2-mediated oxybromination/aminochlorination of unsaturated amides: synthesis of iminolactones and lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6690-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00520e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A CuX2-mediated halocyclization of γ,δ-unsaturated amides for the synthesis of functionalized iminolactones and lactams respectively is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- People's Republic of China
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35
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Jiang X, Wang M, Song S, Xu Y, Miao Z, Zhang A. Design, synthesis, and anticancer activities of new compounds bearing the quinone–pyran–lactone tricyclic pharmacophore. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00154d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and effective synthesis of the tricyclic quinone–pyran–lactone skeleton was developed and subsequent structural modification was conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Meining Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research
- Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL)
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Shanshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Youjun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Zehong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research
- Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL)
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
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36
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Qu C, Tang E, Loeppky R, Deng Z, Pulley SR, Hong X. Studies towards the synthesis of medermycin via Dötz benzannulation. Chirality 2014; 27:18-22. [PMID: 25322945 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The C-arylglycosides are available in enantiomerically pure form via the Dötz benzannulation reaction between Fischer alkenyl chromium carbene complexes and alkynes; it also could be converted to a precursor of medermycin by O-carbamate directed ipso bromination and nitrile substitution in good overall yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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37
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Brimble MA, Hassan NPS, Naysmith BJ, Sperry J. Toward an Asymmetric Synthesis of the Dimeric Pyranonaphthoquinone Antibiotic Crisamicin A. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7169-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501344c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. Brimble
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds
Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, c/o School of Biological
Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Najmah P. S. Hassan
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds
Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, c/o School of Biological
Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Briar J. Naysmith
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds
Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, c/o School of Biological
Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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38
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Nguyen T, Coover RA, Verghese J, Moran RG, Ellis KC. Phenylalanine-Based Inactivator of AKT Kinase: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:462-7. [PMID: 24900862 DOI: 10.1021/ml500088x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies to inhibit kinases by targeting the substrate binding site offer many advantages, including naturally evolved selectivity filters, but normally suffer from poor potency. In this work we propose a strategy to design and prepare covalent substrate-competitive kinase inhibitors as a method to improve potency. We have chosen AKT as the model kinase for this work. Using the AKT-GSK3β cocrystal structure and a reactive cysteine near the substrate binding site, we have identified phenylalanine (Phe) as an appropriate scaffold for the covalent inactivator portion of these inhibitors. By synthesizing compounds that incorporate cysteine-reactive electrophiles into phenylalanine and testing these compounds as AKT inhibitors, we have identified Boc-Phe-vinyl ketone as a submicromolar inactivator of AKT. We also show that Boc-Phe-vinyl ketone (1) potently inhibits AKT1 and inhibits cell growth in HCT116 and H460 cells nearly as well as AKT inhibitors GSK690693 and MK-2206, (2) is selective for kinases that possess an activation loop cysteine such as AKT, (3) requires the vinyl ketone for inactivation, (4) has inactivation that is time-dependent, and (5) alkylates Cys310 of AKT as shown by mass spectrometry. Identification of Boc-Phe-vinyl ketone as a covalent inactivator of AKT will allow the development of peptide and small-molecule substrate-competitive covalent kinase inhibitors that incorporate additional substrate binding elements to increase selectivity and potency. This proof-of-principle study also provides a basis to apply this strategy to other kinases of the AGC and CAMK families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Nguyen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and the Massey Cancer
Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0540, United States
| | - Robert A. Coover
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and the Massey Cancer
Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0540, United States
| | - Jenson Verghese
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and the Massey Cancer
Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0540, United States
| | - Richard G. Moran
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0540, United States
| | - Keith C. Ellis
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and the Massey Cancer
Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0540, United States
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39
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Naysmith BJ, Furkert D, Brimble MA. Synthesis of highly substituted pyranonaphthalene spiroketals related to the griseusins using a Hauser–Kraus annulation strategy. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Wang X, Elshahawi SI, Shaaban KA, Fang L, Ponomareva LV, Zhang Y, Copley GC, Hower JC, Zhan CG, Kharel MK, Thorson JS. Ruthmycin, a new tetracyclic polyketide from Streptomyces sp. RM-4-15. Org Lett 2014; 16:456-9. [PMID: 24341358 PMCID: PMC3964319 DOI: 10.1021/ol4033418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The isolation and structural elucidation of a new tetracyclic polyketide (ruthmycin) from Streptomyces sp. RM-4-15, a bacteria isolated near thermal vents from the Ruth Mullins underground coal mine fire in eastern Kentucky, is reported. In comparison to the well-established frenolicin core scaffold, ruthmycin possesses an unprecedented signature C3 bridge and a corresponding fused six member ring. Preliminary in vitro antibacterial, anticancer, and antifungal assays revealed ruthmycin to display moderate antifungal activity.
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41
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Santoso H, Casana MI, Donner CD. Exploring O-stannyl ketyl and acyl radical cyclizations for the synthesis of γ-lactone-fused benzopyrans and benzofurans. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:171-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42090f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Korwar S, Nguyen T, Ellis KC. Preparation and evaluation of deconstruction analogues of 7-deoxykalafungin as AKT kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:271-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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43
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Yadav P, Singh S, Sahu SN, Hussain F, Pratap R. Microwave assisted base dependent regioselective synthesis of partially reduced chromenes, isochromenes and phenanthrenes. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2228-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41962b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Sunkara M, Ye Q, Ponomereva LV, She QB, Morris AJ, Thorson JS. A diastereoselective oxa-Pictet-Spengler-based strategy for (+)-frenolicin B and epi-(+)-frenolicin B synthesis. Org Lett 2013; 15:5566-9. [PMID: 24151973 DOI: 10.1021/ol4027649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient diastereoselective oxa-Pictet-Spengler reaction strategy was developed to construct benzoisochroman diastereomers. The utility of the reaction was demonstrated in the context of both the total synthesis of naturally occurring pyranonaphthoquinones (+)-frenolicin B and epi-(+)-frenolicin B as well as a range of frenolicin precursor analogs. The method is versatile and offers exquisite stereocontrol and, as such, offers a synthetic advance for the synthesis of pyranonaphthoquinone analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky , 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart Institute, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky , 741 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
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45
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Wang X, Shaaban KA, Elshahawi SI, Ponomareva LV, Sunkara M, Zhang Y, Copley GC, Hower JC, Morris AJ, Kharel MK, Thorson JS. Frenolicins C-G, pyranonaphthoquinones from Streptomyces sp. RM-4-15. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1441-7. [PMID: 23944931 PMCID: PMC3862173 DOI: 10.1021/np400231r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Appalachian active coal fire sites were selected for the isolation of bacterial strains belonging to the class actinobacteria. A comparison of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and ultraviolet (UV) absorption profiles from isolate extracts to natural product databases suggested Streptomyces sp. RM-4-15 to produce unique metabolites. Four new pyranonaphthoquinones, frenolicins C-F (1-4), along with three known analogues, frenolicin (6), frenolicin B (7), and UCF76-A (8), were isolated from the fermentation of this strain. An additional new analogue, frenolicin G (5), along with two known compounds, deoxyfrenolicin (9) and UCF 13 (10), were isolated from the fermentation supplied with 18 mg/L of scandium chloride, the first example, to the best of our knowledge, wherein scandium chloride supplementation led to the confirmed production of new bacterial secondary metabolites. Structures 1-5 were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical modification. While frenolicins are best known for their anticoccidial activity, the current study revealed compounds 6-9 to exhibit moderate cytotoxicity against the human lung carcinoma cell line (A549) and thereby extends the anticancer SAR for this privileged scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiachang Wang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Khaled A. Shaaban
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Sherif I. Elshahawi
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Larissa V. Ponomareva
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Manjula Sunkara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Gregory C. Copley
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511
| | - James C. Hower
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Madan K. Kharel
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
;
| | - Jon S. Thorson
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington,
Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
;
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46
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Kawai J, Chikkade PK, Shimizu Y, Kanai M. In situ Catalytic Generation of Allylcopper Species for Asymmetric Allylation: Toward 1H-Isochromene Skeletons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7177-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Kawai J, Chikkade PK, Shimizu Y, Kanai M. In situ Catalytic Generation of Allylcopper Species for Asymmetric Allylation: Toward 1H-Isochromene Skeletons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Naysmith BJ, Brimble MA. Synthesis of the griseusin B framework via a one-pot annulation-methylation-double deprotection-spirocyclization sequence. Org Lett 2013; 15:2006-9. [PMID: 23560611 DOI: 10.1021/ol400686f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A highly convergent synthesis of the griseusin B scaffold is described. The key step involves an efficient one-pot Hauser-Kraus annulation-methylation-double deprotection-spirocyclization sequence that directly affords the target parent tetracyclic ring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briar J Naysmith
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
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49
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Donner CD. The divergent asymmetric synthesis of kalafungin, 5-epi-frenolicin B and related pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotics. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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50
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Donner CD, Casana MI. Synthesis of novel pyranoquinones using an acyl radical cyclization strategy. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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