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Barzkar N, Sukhikh S, Babich O. A comprehensive review of marine sponge metabolites, with emphasis on Neopetrosia sp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135823. [PMID: 39313052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The secondary metabolites that marine sponges create are essential to the advancement of contemporary medicine and are often employed in clinical settings. Over the past five years, microbes associated with sponges have yielded the identification of 140 novel chemicals. Statistics show that most are derived from actinomycetes (bacteria) and ascomycotes (fungi). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activity of metabolites from marine sponges. Chlocarbazomycins A-D, which are a group of novel chlorinated carbazole alkaloids isolated from the sponge Neopetrosia fennelliae KUFA 0811, exhibit antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Recently, marine sponges of the genus Neopetrosia have attracted attention due to the unique chemical composition of the compounds they produce, including alkaloids of potential importance in drug discovery. Fridamycin H and fridamycin I are two novel type II polyketides synthesized by sponge-associated bacteria exhibit antitrypanosomal activity. Fintiamin, composed of amino acids and terpenoid moieties, shows affinity for the cannabinoid receptor CB 1. It was found that out of 27 species of Neopetrosia sponges, the chemical composition of only 9 species has been studied. These species mainly produce bioactive substances such as alkaloids, quinones, sterols, and terpenoids. The presence of motuporamines is a marker of the species Neopetrosia exigua. Terpenoids are specific markers of Neopetrosia vanilla species. Although recently discovered, secondary metabolites from marine sponges have been shown to have diverse biological activities, antimicrobial, antiviral, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, and anticancer properties, providing many lead compounds for drug development. The data presented in this review on known and future natural products derived from sponges will further clarify the role and importance of microbes in marine sponges and trace the prospects of their applications, especially in medicine, cosmeceuticals, environmental protection, and manufacturing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Barzkar
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Stanislav Sukhikh
- SEC "Applied Biotechnologies", Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia
| | - Olga Babich
- SEC "Applied Biotechnologies", Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia
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Chaudhary D, Kuram MR. Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)-Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization of Allenamides To Access C1-Vinyl Tetrahydro-β-carbolines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11783-11788. [PMID: 39054730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The construction of biologically interesting N-heterocycles under metal-free conditions is a constant goal in industry and academia. Herein, we have developed an hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)-mediated intramolecular cyclization of allenamides, providing tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives embedded with a C1-vinyl functionality. The metal-free protocol provided tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives atom-efficiently under room temperature with a broad substrate scope in good to excellent yields. The potential impact of the protocol is further highlighted by synthesizing derivatives of biologically important molecules and diversified scaffolds via postsynthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Chaudhary
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Malleswara Rao Kuram
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Sharma V, Chander Sharma P, Reang J, Yadav V, Kumar Tonk R, Majeed J, Sharma K. Impact of GSK-3β and CK-1δ on Wnt signaling pathway in alzheimer disease: A dual target approach. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107378. [PMID: 38643562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an enigmatic neurological illness that offers few treatment options. Recent exploration has highlighted the crucial connection of the Wnt signaling pathway in AD pathogenesis, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets. The present study focuses on the dual targeting of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and casein kinase-1δ (CK-1δ) within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway as a possible technique for AD intervention. GSK-3β and CK-1δ are multifunctional kinases known for their roles in tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid processing, and synaptic dysfunction, all of which are major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. They are intricately linked to Wnt signaling, which plays a pivotal part in sustaining neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway in AD contributes to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms by which GSK-3β and CK-1δ impact the Wnt signaling pathway, elucidating their roles in AD pathogenesis. We discuss the potential of small-molecule inhibitors along with their SAR studies along with the multi-targetd approach targeting GSK-3β and CK-1δ to modulate Wnt signaling and mitigate AD-related pathology. In summary, the dual targeting of GSK-3β and CK-1δ within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway presents an innovative and promising avenue for future AD therapies, offering new hope for patients and caregivers in the quest to combat this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | | | - Jurnal Reang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Jaseela Majeed
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Management, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Kalicharan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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Dhameliya TM, Vekariya DD, Bhatt PR, Kachroo T, Virani KD, Patel KR, Bhatt S, Dholakia SP. Synthetic account on indoles and their analogues as potential anti-plasmodial agents. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10842-8. [PMID: 38709459 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Malaria caused by P. falciparum, has been recognized as one of the major infectious diseases causing the death of several patients as per the reports from the World Health Organization. In search of effective therapeutic agents against malaria, several research groups have started working on the design and development of novel heterocycles as anti-malarial agents. Heterocycles have been recognized as the pharmacophoric features for the different types of medicinally important activities. Among all these heterocycles, nitrogen containing aza-heterocycles should not be underestimated owing to their wide therapeutic window. Amongst the aza-heterocycles, indoles and fused indoles such as marinoquinolines, isocryptolepines and their regioisomers, manzamines, neocryptolenines, and indolones have been recognized as anti-malarial agents active against P. falciparum. The present work unleashes the synthetic attempts of anti-malarial indoles and fused indoles through cyclocondensation, Fischer-indole synthesis, etc. along with the brief discussions on structure-activity relationships, in vitro or in vivo studies for the broader interest of these medicinal chemists, working on their design and development as potential anti-malarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas M Dhameliya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India.
- Present Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India.
| | - Drashtiben D Vekariya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Pooja R Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Tarun Kachroo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kumkum D Virani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Khushi R Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Shelly Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Sandip P Dholakia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
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Maykovich T, Hardy S, Hamann MT, Cray J. Manzamine-A Alters In Vitro Calvarial Osteoclast Function. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:560-566. [PMID: 38383319 PMCID: PMC11173362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Manzamine-A is a marine-derived alkaloid that has demonstrated antimalarial and antiproliferative properties and is an emerging drug lead compound as a possible intervention in certain cancers. This compound has been found to modulate SIX1 gene expression, a target that is critical for the proliferation and survival of cells via various developmental pathways. As yet, little research has focused on manzamine-A and how its use may affect tissue systems including bone. Here we hypothesized that manzamine-A, through its interaction with SIX1, would alter precursor cells that give rise to the bone cell responsible for remodeling: the osteoclast. We further hypothesized reduced effects in differentiated osteoclasts, as these cells are generally not mitotic. We interrogated the effects of manzamine-A on preosteoclasts and osteoclasts. qrtPCR, MTS cell viability, Caspase 3/7, and TRAP staining were used as a functional assay. Preosteoclasts show responsiveness to manzamine-A treatment exhibited by decreases in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. Osteoclasts also proved to be affected by manzamine-A but only at higher concentrations where apoptosis was increased and activation was reduced. In summary, our presented results suggest manzamine-A may have significant effects on bone development and health through multiple cell targets, previously shown in the osteoblast cell lineage, the cell responsible for mineralized tissue formation, and here in the osteoclast, the cell responsible for the removal of mineralized tissue and renewal via precipitation of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Maykovich
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Samantha Hardy
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425-1410, United States
| | - James Cray
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Balboni B, Masi M, Rocchia W, Girotto S, Cavalli A. GSK-3β Allosteric Inhibition: A Dead End or a New Pharmacological Frontier? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7541. [PMID: 37108703 PMCID: PMC10139115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most kinase inhibitors are designed to bind to highly homologous ATP-binding sites, which leads to promiscuity and possible off-target effects. Allostery is an alternative approach to pursuing selectivity. However, allostery is difficult to exploit due to the wide variety of underlying mechanisms and the potential involvement of long-range conformational effects that are difficult to pinpoint. GSK-3β is involved in several pathologies. This critical target has an ATP-binding site that is highly homologous with the orthosteric sites of other kinases. Unsurprisingly, there is also great similarity between the ATP-binding sites of GSK-3β and its isomer, which is not redundant and thus would benefit from selective inhibition. Allostery would also allow for a moderate and tunable inhibition, which is ideal for GSK-3β, because this target is involved in multiple pathways, some of which must be preserved. However, despite considerable research efforts, only one allosteric GSK-3β inhibitor has reached the clinic. Moreover, unlike other kinases, there are no X-ray structures of GSK-3β in complex with allosteric inhibitors in the PDB data bank. This review aims to summarize the state of the art in allosteric GSK-3β inhibitor investigations, highlighting the aspects that make this target challenging for an allosteric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Balboni
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (B.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mirco Masi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (B.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Walter Rocchia
- Computational mOdelling of NanosCalE and bioPhysical sysTems (CONCEPT) Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (B.B.); (M.M.)
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Hardy S, Choo YM, Hamann M, Cray J. Manzamine-A Alters In Vitro Calvarial Osteoblast Function. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:647. [PMID: 36286470 PMCID: PMC9604769 DOI: 10.3390/md20100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Manzamine-A is a marine-derived alkaloid which has anti-viral and anti-proliferative properties and is currently being investigated for its efficacy in the treatment of certain viruses (malaria, herpes, HIV-1) and cancers (breast, cervical, colorectal). Manzamine-A has been found to exert effects via modulation of SIX1 gene expression, a gene critical to craniofacial development via the WNT, NOTCH, and PI3K/AKT pathways. To date little work has focused on Manzamine-A and how its use may affect bone. We hypothesize that Manzamine-A, through SIX1, alters bone cell activity. Here, we assessed the effects of Manzamine-A on cells that are responsible for the generation of bone, pre-osteoblasts and osteoblasts. PCR, qrtPCR, MTS cell viability, Caspase 3/7, and functional assays were used to test the effects of Manzamine-A on these cells. Our data suggests Six1 is highly expressed in osteoblasts and their progenitors. Further, osteoblast progenitors and osteoblasts exhibit great sensitivity to Manzamine-A treatment exhibited by a significant decrease in cell viability, increase in cellular apoptosis, and decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity. In silico binding experiment showed that manzamine A potential as an inhibitor of cell proliferation and survival proteins, i.e., Iκb, JAK2, AKT, PKC, FAK, and Bcl-2. Overall, our data suggests Manzamine-A may have great effects on bone health overall and may disrupt skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hardy
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mark Hamann
- Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - James Cray
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Wayama T, Arai Y, Oguri H. Regiocontrolled Dimerization of Densely Functionalized 1,6-Dihydropyridines for the Biomimetic Synthesis of a Halicyclamine-type Scaffold by Preventing Disproportionation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5938-5951. [PMID: 35420034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The biomimetic dimerization of 1,6-dihydropyridines (DHPs) remains a daunting challenge due to competitive disproportionation pathways. Herein we report the regioselective dimerization of densely functionalized 1,6-DHPs that allow direct access to the bis-nitrogen bicyclic scaffold of halicyclamines. Disproportionation triggered by the hydride shift of 1,6-DHP was suppressed by the use of geminal disubstituted substrates. Installation of an electron-withdrawing substituent at the C3 position was demonstrated to be crucial for facilitating biomimetic dimerization under metal-free conditions, with exquisite control of regioselectivity at ambient temperature. Our approach, featuring an appropriately functionalized and substantially stabilized substrate rather than merely adopting the highly reactive and labile hypothetical biosynthetic intermediate, allowed gram-scale and atom-economical synthesis of the bis-nitrogen bicyclic scaffold. Furthermore, conversion of a series of 1,6-DHPs provided mechanistic insights by circumventing the competitive disproportionation reaction. This revealed not only the innate reactivity of the conjugate diene system for [4 + 2] cycloaddition but also the reversibility of the dimerization reaction with multiple cationic intermediates in equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Wayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuta Arai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroki Oguri
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Natural products as novel scaffolds for the design of glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:377-396. [PMID: 35262427 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2043845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The different and relevant roles of GSK-3 are of critical importance since they deal with development, metabolic homeostasis, cell polarity and fate, neuronal growth and differentiation as well as modulation of apoptotic potential. Given their involvement with different diseases, many investigations have been undertaken with the aim of discovering new and promising inhibitors for this target. In this context, atural products represent an invaluable source of active molecules. AREAS COVERED In order to overcome issues such as poor pharmacokinetic properties or efficacy, frequently associated with natural compounds, different GSK-3β inhibitors belonging to alkaloid or flavonoid classes have been subjected to structural modifications in order to obtain more potent and safer compounds. Herein, the authors report the results obtained from studies where natural compounds have been used as hits with the aim of providing new kinase inhibitors endowed with a better inhibitory profile. EXPERT OPINION Structurally modification of natural scaffolds is a proven approach taking advantage of their pharmacological characteristics. Indeed, whatever the strategy adopted is and, despite the limitations associated with the structural complexity of natural products, the authors recommend the use of natural scaffolds as a promising strategy for the discovery of novel and potent GSK-3β inhibitors.
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Gianferrara T, Cescon E, Grieco I, Spalluto G, Federico S. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Involvement in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4631-4697. [PMID: 35170406 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220216113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GSK-3β activity has been strictly related to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease is the most studied neurodegenerative disease, but GSK-3β seems to be involved in almost all neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's disease and the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to help researchers both working on this research topic or not to have a comprehensive overview on GSK-3β in the context of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. METHOD Literature has been searched using PubMed and SciFinder databases by inserting specific keywords. A total of more than 500 articles have been discussed. RESULTS First of all, the structure and regulation of the kinase were briefly discussed and then, specific GSK-3β implications in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases were illustrated also with the help of figures, to conclude with a comprehensive overview on the most important GSK-3β and multitarget inhibitors. For all discussed compounds, the structure and IC50 values at the target kinase have been reported. CONCLUSION GSK-3β is involved in several signaling pathways both in neurons as well as in glial cells and immune cells. The fine regulation and interconnection of all these pathways are at the base of the rationale use of GSK-3β inhibitors in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In fact, some compounds are now under clinical trials. Despite this, pharmacodynamic and ADME/Tox profiles of the compounds were often not fully characterized and this is deleterious in such a complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gianferrara
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cescon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilenia Grieco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Panggabean JA, Adiguna SP, Murniasih T, Rahmawati SI, Bayu A, Putra MY. Structure-Activity Relationship of Cytotoxic Natural Products from Indonesian Marine Sponges. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022; 32:12-38. [PMID: 35034994 PMCID: PMC8740879 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indonesian marine natural products have been one of the most promising sources in the race to obtain potential drugs for cancer treatment. One of the primary producers of cytotoxic compounds is sponges. However, there are still limited sources of comprehensive reviews related to the relationship between the structure of isolated compounds and their cytotoxic activity. This review remarks the attempt to provide a preliminary guidance from the perspective of structure-activity relationship and its participation on marine natural products research. This guidance is segregated by the compound's classes and their cytotoxic targets to obtain and organized a reliable summary of inter-study of the isolated compounds and their cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship is well-known for its ability to tune the bioactivity of a specific compound, especially on synthetic organic chemistry and in silico study but rarely used on natural product chemistry. The present review is intended to narrow down the endless possibilities of cytotoxicity by giving a predictable structure-activity relationship for active compounds. In addition, bioactive framework leads were selected by uncovering a noticeable structure-activity relationship with the intervention of cytotoxic agents from natural sources, especially Indonesian marine sponge. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Panggabean
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281 Indonesia
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sya’ban P. Adiguna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281 Indonesia
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tutik Murniasih
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Siti I. Rahmawati
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Asep Bayu
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Masteria Y. Putra
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
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Kingston DGI, Cassera MB. Antimalarial Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 117:1-106. [PMID: 34977998 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89873-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have made a crucial and unique contribution to human health, and this is especially true in the case of malaria, where the natural products quinine and artemisinin and their derivatives and analogues, have saved millions of lives. The need for new drugs to treat malaria is still urgent, since the most dangerous malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, has become resistant to quinine and most of its derivatives and is becoming resistant to artemisinin and its derivatives. This volume begins with a short history of malaria and follows this with a summary of its biology. It then traces the fascinating history of the discovery of quinine for malaria treatment and then describes quinine's biosynthesis, its mechanism of action, and its clinical use, concluding with a discussion of synthetic antimalarial agents based on quinine's structure. The volume then covers the discovery of artemisinin and its development as the source of the most effective current antimalarial drug, including summaries of its synthesis and biosynthesis, its mechanism of action, and its clinical use and resistance. A short discussion of other clinically used antimalarial natural products leads to a detailed treatment of other natural products with significant antiplasmodial activity, classified by compound type. Although the search for new antimalarial natural products from Nature's combinatorial library is challenging, it is very likely to yield new antimalarial drugs. The chapter thus ends by identifying over ten natural products with development potential as clinical antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry and the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Maria Belen Cassera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Tempone AG, Pieper P, Borborema SET, Thevenard F, Lago JHG, Croft SL, Anderson EA. Marine alkaloids as bioactive agents against protozoal neglected tropical diseases and malaria. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2214-2235. [PMID: 34913053 PMCID: PMC8672869 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 up to 2021Natural products are an important resource in drug discovery, directly or indirectly delivering numerous small molecules for potential development as human medicines. Among the many classes of natural products, alkaloids have a rich history of therapeutic applications. The extensive chemodiversity of alkaloids found in the marine environment has attracted considerable attention for such uses, while the scarcity of these natural materials has stimulated efforts towards their total synthesis. This review focuses on the biological activity of marine alkaloids (covering 2000 to up to 2021) towards Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) caused by protozoan parasites, and malaria. Chemotherapy represents the only form of treatment for Chagas disease, human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis and malaria, but there is currently a restricted arsenal of drugs, which often elicit severe adverse effects, show variable efficacy or resistance, or are costly. Natural product scaffolds have re-emerged as a focus of academic drug discovery programmes, offering a different resource to discover new chemical entities with new modes of action. In this review, the potential of a range of marine alkaloids is analyzed, accompanied by coverage of synthetic efforts that enable further studies of key antiprotozoal natural product scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre G Tempone
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil.
| | - Pauline Pieper
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Samanta E T Borborema
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Thevenard
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Joao Henrique G Lago
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Simon L Croft
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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14
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Lee S, Sperry J. Isolation and biological activity of azocine and azocane alkaloids. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 54:116560. [PMID: 34923389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of known alkaloids contain a nitrogen (N) heterocycle. While five-, six- and seven-membered N-heterocycles (ie: pyrroles, imidazoles, indoles, pyridines and azepines and their saturated variants) are common, those with an eight-membered N-heterocycle are comparatively rare. This review discusses the structure and bioactivity of alkaloids that contain an azocine (or saturated azocane) ring, and the array of sources whence they originate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lee
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand.
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15
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Zhang C, Lum KY, Taki AC, Gasser RB, Byrne JJ, Wang T, Blaskovich MAT, Register ET, Montaner LJ, Tietjen I, Davis RA. Design, synthesis and screening of a drug discovery library based on an Eremophila-derived serrulatane scaffold. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112887. [PMID: 34339980 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical studies of the aerial parts of the Australian desert plant Eremophila microtheca afforded the targeted and known diterpenoid scaffolds, 3,7,8-trihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid and 3-acetoxy-7,8-dihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid. The most abundant serrulatane scaffold was converted to the poly-methyl derivatives, 3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid methyl ester and 3,7,8-trimethoxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid methyl ester using simple and rapid methylation conditions consisting of DMSO, NaOH and MeI at room temperature. Subsequently a 12-membered amide library was synthesised by reacting the methylated scaffolds with a diverse series of commercial primary amines. The chemical structures of the 12 undescribed semi-synthetic analogues were fully characterised following 1D/2D NMR, MS, UV, ECD and [α]D data analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their anthelmintic, anti-microbial and anti-viral activities. While none of the compounds significantly inhibited motility or development of the exsheathed third-stage larvae (xL3s) of a pathogenic ruminant parasite, Haemonchus contortus, the tri-methylated analogue induced a skinny phenotype in fourth-stage larvae (L4s) after seven days of treatment (IC50 = 14 μM). Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities were not observed at concentrations up to 20 μM. Activity against HIV latency reversal was tested in inducible, chronically-infected cells, with the tri-methylated analogue being the most active (EC50 = 38 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kah Yean Lum
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Aya C Taki
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph J Byrne
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery, Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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16
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RSK1 vs. RSK2 Inhibitory Activity of the Marine β-Carboline Alkaloid Manzamine A: A Biochemical, Cervical Cancer Protein Expression, and Computational Study. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090506. [PMID: 34564169 PMCID: PMC8467814 DOI: 10.3390/md19090506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Manzamines are complex polycyclic marine-derived β-carboline alkaloids with reported anticancer, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, neuritogenic, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis suppression bioactivities, putatively associated with inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, SIX1, and vacuolar ATPases. We hypothesized that additional, yet undiscovered molecular targets might be associated with Manzamine A's (MZA) reported pharmacological properties. We report here, for the first time, that MZA selectively inhibited a 90 kDa ribosomal protein kinase S6 (RSK1) when screened against a panel of 30 protein kinases, while in vitro RSK kinase assays demonstrated a 10-fold selectivity in the potency of MZA against RSK1 versus RSK2. The effect of MZA on inhibiting cellular RSK1 and RSK2 protein expression was validated in SiHa and CaSki human cervical carcinoma cell lines. MZA's differential binding and selectivity toward the two isoforms was also supported by computational docking experiments. Specifically, the RSK1-MZA (N- and C-termini) complexes appear to have stronger interactions and preferable energetics contrary to the RSK2-MZA ones. In addition, our computational strategy suggests that MZA binds to the N-terminal kinase domain of RSK1 rather than the C-terminal domain. RSK is a vertebrate family of cytosolic serine-threonine kinases that act downstream of the ras-ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2) pathway, which phosphorylates substrates shown to regulate several cellular processes, including growth, survival, and proliferation. Consequently, our findings have led us to hypothesize that MZA and the currently known manzamine-type alkaloids isolated from several sponge genera may have novel pharmacological properties with unique molecular targets, and MZA provides a new tool for chemical-biology studies involving RSK1.
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GSK-3β, FYN, and DYRK1A: Master Regulators in Neurodegenerative Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169098. [PMID: 34445804 PMCID: PMC8396491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases (PKs) have been recognized as central nervous system (CNS)-disease-relevant targets due to their master regulatory role in different signal transduction cascades in the neuroscience space. Among them, GSK-3β, FYN, and DYRK1A play a crucial role in the neurodegeneration context, and the deregulation of all three PKs has been linked to different CNS disorders with unmet medical needs, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and several neuromuscular disorders. The multifactorial nature of these diseases, along with the failure of many advanced CNS clinical trials, and the lengthy approval process of a novel CNS drug have strongly limited the CNS drug discovery. However, in the near-decade from 2010 to 2020, several computer-assisted drug design strategies have been combined with synthetic efforts to develop potent and selective GSK-3β, FYN, and DYRK1A inhibitors as disease-modifying agents. In this review, we described both structural and functional aspects of GSK-3β, FYN, and DYRK1A and their involvement and crosstalk in different CNS pathological signaling pathways. Moreover, we outlined attractive medicinal chemistry approaches including multi-target drug design strategies applied to overcome some limitations of known PKs inhibitors and discover improved modulators with suitable blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and drug-like properties.
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18
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Saraiva RG, Dimopoulos G. Bacterial natural products in the fight against mosquito-transmitted tropical diseases. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 37:338-354. [PMID: 31544193 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2019 Secondary metabolites of microbial origin have long been acknowledged as medically relevant, but their full potential remains largely unexploited. Of the countless natural compounds discovered thus far, only 5-10% have been isolated from microorganisms. At the same time, while whole-genome sequencing has demonstrated that bacteria and fungi often encode natural products, only a few genera have yet been mined for new compounds. This review explores the contributions of bacterial natural products to combatting infection by malaria parasites, filarial worms, and arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and West Nile. It highlights how molecules isolated from microorganisms ranging from marine cyanobacteria to mosquito endosymbionts can be exploited as antimicrobials and antivirals. Pursuit of this mostly untapped source of chemical entities will potentially result in new interventions against these tropical diseases, which are urgently needed to combat the increase in the incidence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl G Saraiva
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - George Dimopoulos
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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19
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Mondal A, Chowdhury C. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1-Vinyltetrahydro-β-carbolines and Aza-spiroindolenines: Access to the Syntheses of 1-Vinyl-β-carbolines and Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3810-3825. [PMID: 33591208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general synthesis of 1-vinyltetrahydro-β-carbolines (THBCs) has been achieved via palladium(0)-catalyzed cyclocondensation between allenyltryptamines and aryl iodides. Aza-spiroindolenines could also be accessed from the N-unsubstituted indole substrates by simply tweaking the reaction conditions. DDQ-mediated oxidation of THBCs easily afforded β-carbolines, which could be synthetically transformed into 1-aroyl-β-carbolines of pharmacological interest. Formal total syntheses of eudistomins Y1 and Y2 have also been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Mondal
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Chinmay Chowdhury
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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20
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Positioning of an unprecedented spiro[5.5]undeca ring system into kinase inhibitor space. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21265. [PMID: 33277542 PMCID: PMC7719162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In-house 1,5-oxaza spiroquinone 1, with spiro[5.5]undeca ring system, was announced as an unprecedented anti-inflammatory scaffold through chemistry-oriented synthesis (ChOS), a chemocentric approach. Herein, we studied how to best position the spiro[5.5]undeca ring system in kinase inhibitor space. Notably, late-stage modification of the scaffold 1 into compounds 2a-r enhanced kinase-likeness of the scaffold 1. The improvement could be depicted with (1) selectivity with target shift (from JNK-1 into GSK-3) and (2) potency (> 20-fold). In addition, ATP independent IC50 of compound 2j suggested a unique binding mode of this scaffold between ATP site and substrate site, which was explained by docking based optimal site selection and molecular dynamic simulations of the optimal binding site. Despite the shift of kinase profiling, the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 2a-r could be retained in hyperactivated microglial cells.
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21
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Bian C, Wang J, Zhou X, Wu W, Guo R. Recent Advances on Marine Alkaloids from Sponges. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000186. [PMID: 32562510 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids from marine secondary metabolites have received extensive attention from pharmacists in recent years. Miscellaneous alkaloids derived from marine sponges possessed various pharmacological activities including cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and so on. Herein, we summarized 149 marine alkaloids from sponges based on their structures and bioactivities reported from 2015 to 2020 and analyzed the production environment of marine sponges with rich alkaloids. Moreover, we discussed biosynthesis routes of pyrrole and guanidine alkaloids from marine sponges Agelas and Monanchora. This article will be beneficial for future research on drugs from marine natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Bian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Jiangming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
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22
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Karan D, Dubey S, Pirisi L, Nagel A, Pina I, Choo YM, Hamann MT. The Marine Natural Product Manzamine A Inhibits Cervical Cancer by Targeting the SIX1 Protein. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:286-295. [PMID: 32022559 PMCID: PMC7161578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural products remain an important source of drug leads covering unique chemical space and providing significant therapeutic value for the control of cancer and infectious diseases resistant to current drugs. Here, we determined the antiproliferative activity of a natural product manzamine A (1) from an Indo-Pacific sponge following various in vitro cellular assays targeting cervical cancer (C33A, HeLa, SiHa, and CaSki). Our data demonstrated the antiproliferative effects of 1 at relatively low and non-cytotoxic concentrations (up to 4 μM). Mechanistic investigations confirmed that 1 blocked cell cycle progression in SiHa and CaSki cells at G1/S phase and regulated cell cycle-related genes, including restoration of p21 and p53 expression. In apoptotic assays, HeLa cells showed the highest sensitivity to 1 as compared to other cell types (C33A, SiHa, and CaSki). Interestingly, 1 decreased the levels of the oncoprotein SIX1, which is associated with oncogenesis in cervical cancer. To further investigate the structure-activity relationship among manzamine A (1) class with potential antiproliferative activity, molecular networking facilitated the efficient identification, dereplication, and assignment of structures from the manzamine class and revealed the significant potential in the design of optimized molecules for the treatment of cervical cancer. These data suggest that this sponge-derived natural product class warrants further attention regarding the design and development of novel manzamine analogues, which may be efficacious for preventive and therapeutic treatment of cancer. Additionally, this study reveals the significance of protecting fragile marine ecosystems from climate change-induced loss of species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Karan
- Department
of Pathology, MCW Cancer Center and Prostate Cancer Center of Excellence, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Seema Dubey
- Department
of Pathology, MCW Cancer Center and Prostate Cancer Center of Excellence, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Lucia Pirisi
- Department
of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Alexis Nagel
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Ivett Pina
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
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23
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24
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Cheng B, Reyes J. Recent progress on the total syntheses of macrocyclic diamine alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:322-337. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00031c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the progress and challenges in the chemical synthesis of macrocyclic diamine alkaloids since 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichu Cheng
- School of Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Julius Reyes
- Department of Chemistry
- New York University
- New York
- USA
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25
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Zhang Q, Fu Y, Zhao Y, Cui S, Wang J, Liu F, Yuan Y, Galons H, Yu P, Teng Y. 5-Acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36690-36698. [PMID: 35539063 PMCID: PMC9075125 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole and its derivatives are widely distributed in both animals and plants. Among its array of biological activities, the anti-tumor activity of indole has garnered much attention. Furthermore, the synthesis and activity of indole derivatives, including isatin, constitute a flourishing research topic. Previously, many isatin derivatives were synthesized by our group, and 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin was screened as a candidate anti-tumor agent. In this study, we found that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin inhibited the proliferation of several tumor cell lines, especially the human leukemia cell line K562. Morphological observation suggested that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest in K562 cells. Flow cytometry revealed that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin induced mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis in K562 cells. Moreover, it downregulated Cyclin B and CDC25C and upregulated p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 (Thr14), and induced K562 cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Findings from wound healing as well as transwell assay determined that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin could suppress migration and chemotaxis in HepG2 liver cancer cells. 5-Acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin also inhibited angiogenesis of the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC, determined via a cell tube formation study. A clone formation study indicated that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and population dependence in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, our findings support that 5-acetamido-1-(methoxybenzyl) isatin could be used as a potential antitumor candidate in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Ying Fu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yufan Zhao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Shanshan Cui
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Jing Wang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Fengxi Liu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hervé Galons
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
- UCTBS, INSERM U1022, Université Paris Descartes 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire 75006 France
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yuou Teng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China
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Novel Protein Kinase Inhibitors Related to Tau Pathology Modulate Tau Protein-Self Interaction Using a Luciferase Complementation Assay. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092335. [PMID: 30213139 PMCID: PMC6225193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current number of drugs available for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is strongly limited and their benefit for therapy is given only in the early state of the disease. An effective therapy should affect those processes which mainly contribute to the neuronal decay. There have been many approaches for a reduction of toxic Aβ peptides which mostly failed to halt cognitive deterioration in patients. The formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and its precursor tau oligomers have been suggested as main cause of neuronal degeneration because of a direct correlation of their density to the degree of dementia. Reducing of tau aggregation may be a viable approach for the treatment of AD. NFT consist of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and tau hyperphosphorylation reduces microtubule binding. Several protein kinases are discussed to be involved in tau hyperphosphorylation. We developed novel inhibitors of three protein kinases (gsk-3β, cdk5, and cdk1) and discussed their activity in relation to tau phosphorylation and on tau–tau interaction as a nucleation stage of a tau aggregation in cells. Strongest effects were observed for those inhibitors with effects on all the three kinases with emphasis on gsk-3β in nanomolar ranges.
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28
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Dai J, Dan W, Schneider U, Wang J. β-Carboline alkaloid monomers and dimers: Occurrence, structural diversity, and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:622-656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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29
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Simithy J, Fuanta NR, Alturki M, Hobrath JV, Wahba AE, Pina I, Rath J, Hamann MT, DeRuiter J, Goodwin DC, Calderón AI. Slow-Binding Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Kinase by Manzamine Alkaloids. Biochemistry 2018; 57:4923-4933. [PMID: 30063132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis represents a significant public health crisis. There is an urgent need for novel molecular scaffolds against this pathogen. We screened a small library of marine-derived compounds against shikimate kinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MtSK), a promising target for antitubercular drug development. Six manzamines previously shown to be active against M. tuberculosis were characterized as MtSK inhibitors: manzamine A (1), 8-hydroxymanzamine A (2), manzamine E (3), manzamine F (4), 6-deoxymanzamine X (5), and 6-cyclohexamidomanzamine A (6). All six showed mixed noncompetitive inhibition of MtSK. The lowest KI values were obtained for 6 across all MtSK-substrate complexes. Time-dependent analyses revealed two-step, slow-binding inhibition. The behavior of 1 was typical; initial formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex (EI) obeyed an apparent KI of ∼30 μM with forward ( k5) and reverse ( k6) rate constants for isomerization to an EI* complex of 0.18 and 0.08 min-1, respectively. In contrast, 6 showed a lower KI for the initial encounter complex (∼1.5 μM), substantially faster isomerization to EI* ( k5 = 0.91 min-1), and slower back conversion of EI* to EI ( k6 = 0.04 min-1). Thus, the overall inhibition constants, KI*, for 1 and 6 were 10 and 0.06 μM, respectively. These findings were consistent with docking predictions of a favorable binding mode and a second, less tightly bound pose for 6 at MtSK. Our results suggest that manzamines, in particular 6, constitute a new scaffold from which drug candidates with novel mechanisms of action could be designed for the treatment of tuberculosis by targeting MtSK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johayra Simithy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Ngolui Rene Fuanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Auburn University , 179 Chemistry Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Mansour Alturki
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Judith V Hobrath
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama 35294 , United States
| | - Amir E Wahba
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Damietta University , Damietta , Egypt
| | - Ivett Pina
- Departments of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine , The Medical University of South Carolina , 70 President Street, MSP 139 , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | - Jnanendra Rath
- Department of Botany , Visva-Bharati University , Santiniketan , West Bengal 731235 , India
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Departments of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine , The Medical University of South Carolina , 70 President Street, MSP 139 , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | - Jack DeRuiter
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Douglas C Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Auburn University , 179 Chemistry Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Angela I Calderón
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
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Liang Z, Li QX. Discovery of Selective, Substrate-Competitive, and Passive Membrane Permeable Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling of New C-Glycosylflavones. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1166-1183. [PMID: 29381861 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a key enzyme responsible for tau hyperphosphorylation and is a viable therapeutic target of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed a new class of GSK-3β inhibitors based on the 6- C-glycosylflavone isoorientin (1). The new inhibitors are passive membrane permeable and constitutively attenuate GSK-3β mediated tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid neurotoxicity in an AD cellular model. Enzymatic assays and kinetic studies demonstrated that compound 30 is a GSK-3β substrate-competitive inhibitor with distinct kinase selectivity, isoform-selectivity and over 310-fold increased potency as compared to 1. Structure-activity relationship analyses and in silico modeling suggest the mechanism of actions by which the hydrophobic, π-cation, and orthogonal multipolar interactions of 30 with the substrate site are critical for the GSK-3β inhibition and selectivity. The results provide new insights into GSK-3β drug discovery. The new inhibitors are valuable chemical probes and drug leads with therapeutic potential to tackle AD and other GSK-3β relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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Schwertz G, Witschel MC, Rottmann M, Leartsakulpanich U, Chitnumsub P, Jaruwat A, Amornwatcharapong W, Ittarat W, Schäfer A, Aponte RA, Trapp N, Chaiyen P, Diederich F. Potent Inhibitors ofPlasmodialSerine Hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) Featuring a Spirocyclic Scaffold. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:931-943. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Schwertz
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Rottmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH); Socinstrasse 57 4051 Basel Switzerland
- Universität Basel; Petersplatz 1 4003 Basel Switzerland
| | - Ubolsree Leartsakulpanich
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Penchit Chitnumsub
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Aritsara Jaruwat
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Watcharee Amornwatcharapong
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science; Mahidol University; 272 Rama VI Road Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Wanwipa Ittarat
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Anja Schäfer
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH); Socinstrasse 57 4051 Basel Switzerland
- Universität Basel; Petersplatz 1 4003 Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science; Mahidol University; 272 Rama VI Road Bangkok 10400 Thailand
- Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, School of Biomolecular Science & Engineering; Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC); Wangchan Valley Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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Kumar R, Duffy S, Avery VM, Davis RA. Synthesis of antimalarial amide analogues based on the plant serrulatane diterpenoid 3,7,8-trihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4091-4095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kim CK, Riswanto R, Won TH, Kim H, Elya B, Sim CJ, Oh DC, Oh KB, Shin J. Manzamine Alkaloids from an Acanthostrongylophora sp. Sponge. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1575-1583. [PMID: 28452477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Five new manzamine alkaloids (1-5) and new salt forms of two known manzamines (6 and 7), along with seven known compounds (8-14) of the same structural class, were isolated from an Indonesian Acanthostrongylophora sp. sponge. On the basis of the results of combined spectroscopic analyses, the structure of kepulauamine A (1) was determined to possess an unprecedented pyrrolizine moiety, while others were functional group variants of known manzamines. These compounds exhibited weak cytotoxicity, moderate antibacterial activity, and mild inhibition against the enzyme isocitrate lyase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Kwon Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Riswanto Riswanto
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Won
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Heegyu Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Berna Elya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia , Kampus UI depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia
| | - Chung J Sim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University , 461-6 Jeonmin, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Arafa RK, Elghazawy NH. Personalized Medicine and Resurrected Hopes for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease: A Modular Approach Based on GSK-3β Inhibitors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1007:199-224. [PMID: 28840559 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60733-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurological disorders with vast reaching worldwide prevalence. Research attempts to decipher what's happening to the human mind have shown that pathogenesis of AD is associated with misfolded protein intermediates displaying tertiary structure conformational changes eventually leading to forming large polymers of unwanted aggregates. The two hallmarks of AD pathological protein aggregates are extraneuronal β-amyloid (Aβ) based senile plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). As such, AD is categorized as a protein misfolding neurodegenerative disease (PMND) . Therapeutic interventions interfering with the formation of these protein aggregates have been widely explored as potential pathways for thwarting AD progression. One such tactic is modulating the function of enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways leading to formation of these misfolded protein aggregates. Much evidence has shown that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) plays a key role in hyperphosphorylation of tau protein leading eventually to its aggregation to form NFTs. Data presented hereby will display a plethora of information as to how to interfere with progression of AD through the route of GSK-3β activity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem K Arafa
- Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12588, Egypt.
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35
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Daletos G, Ancheeva E, Chaidir C, Kalscheuer R, Proksch P. Antimycobacterial Metabolites from Marine Invertebrates. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:763-773. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Daletos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Elena Ancheeva
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Chaidir Chaidir
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology; Agency for the Assessment and Application Technology; Jakarta Indonesia
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
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36
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Liang Z, Zhang B, Su WW, Williams PG, Li QX. C-Glycosylflavones Alleviate Tau Phosphorylation and Amyloid Neurotoxicity through GSK3β Inhibition. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:912-23. [PMID: 27213824 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common brain disorder worldwide. Aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation and accumulation play critical roles in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles highly associated with neuronal dysfunction and cognitive impairment in AD pathogenesis. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) is a key kinase responsible for tau hyperphosphorylation. Selective inhibition of GSK3β is a promising strategy in AD therapy. Corn silks (CS, Zea mays L.) have been traditionally used as a medicinal herb and recently noted for their potentially cognitive benefits. However, the neuroprotective components of CS and their molecular mechanism have received little attention to date. As part of our effort screening phytochemicals against a broad panel of kinases targeting AD tauopathy, we found inhibition of GSK3β by CS extracts. Subsequent bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation and identification of two 6-C-glycosylflavones, isoorientin (1) and 3'-methoxymaysin (2), with selective inhibition against GSK3β in vitro. Enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies demonstrated that 1 specifically inhibited GSK3β via an ATP noncompetitive mechanism, acting as a substrate competitive inhibitor of GSK3β. Further in vitro cellular studies demonstrated that 1 effectively attenuated tau phosphorylation mediated by GSK3β and was neuroprotective against β-amyloid-induced tau hyperphosphorylation and neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. The C-glycosylflavones represent new lead candidates with a novel mechanism of action for the development of AD phytopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Wei Wen Su
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Philip G. Williams
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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37
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Barnes EC, Kumar R, Davis RA. The use of isolated natural products as scaffolds for the generation of chemically diverse screening libraries for drug discovery. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:372-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c5np00121h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This Highlight examines the use of isolated natural products as scaffolds in the semi-synthesis of drug discovery libraries, and the potential of this rarely used method to contribute to successful natural product library generation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Barnes
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology HKI
| | - Rohitesh Kumar
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
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38
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Selective inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum glycogen synthase-3 (PfGSK-3): New antimalarial agents? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1644-9. [PMID: 25861860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum glycogen synthase kinase-3 (PfGSK-3) is one of the eukaryotic protein kinases that were identified as essential for the parasite causing malaria tropica. Although the physiological functions of PfGSK-3 are still unknown, it had been suggested as a putative target for novel antimalarial drugs. The high structural similarity of PfGSK-3 and its human orthologue HsGSK-3 makes the development of selective PfGSK-3 inhibitors a challenging task. Actually, established GSK-3 inhibitors are either unselective or are more potent for inhibition of the mammalian GSK-3. A high throughput screening campaign identified thieno[2,3-b]pyridines as a new class of PfGSK-3 inhibitors. Systematic variation of the substitution pattern at the parent scaffold led to compounds which selectively inhibited the plasmodial enzyme. These compounds also exhibited activity against erythrocyte stages of the parasites. A hypothetical explanation for the selectivity of the new antimalarial compounds was enunciated based on the results of docking a selective inhibitor into a PfGSK-3 homology model and by comparison of the results with an X-ray structure of HsGSK-3 co-crystallized with a similar but unselective compound. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Inhibitors of Protein Kinases.
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39
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Discovery of new acylaminopyridines as GSK-3 inhibitors by a structure guided in-depth exploration of chemical space around a pyrrolopyridinone core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1856-63. [PMID: 25845281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been proposed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, stroke, bipolar disorders, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. GSK-3 inhibition has been a major area of pharmaceutical interest over the last two decades. A plethora of reports appeared recently on selective inhibitors and their co-crystal structures in GSK-3β. We identified several series of promising new GSK-3β inhibitors from a coherent design around a pyrrolopyridinone core structure. A systematic exploration of the chemical space around the central spacer led to potent single digit and sub-nanomolar GSK-3β inhibitors. When dosed orally in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), an exemplary compound showed significant lowering of Tau phosphorylation at one of the GSK-3 phosphorylating sites, Ser396. X-ray crystallography greatly aided in validating the binding hypotheses.
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40
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Andrographolide activates the canonical Wnt signalling pathway by a mechanism that implicates the non-ATP competitive inhibition of GSK-3β: autoregulation of GSK-3β in vivo. Biochem J 2015; 466:415-30. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20140207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide activates the canonical Wnt pathway and induces the transcription of Wnt target genes through a mechanism independent of Wnt ligand binding to its receptor, by direct substrate-competitive inhibition of GSK-3.
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41
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Harvey AL, Edrada-Ebel R, Quinn RJ. The re-emergence of natural products for drug discovery in the genomics era. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:111-29. [PMID: 25614221 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1520] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been a rich source of compounds for drug discovery. However, their use has diminished in the past two decades, in part because of technical barriers to screening natural products in high-throughput assays against molecular targets. Here, we review strategies for natural product screening that harness the recent technical advances that have reduced these barriers. We also assess the use of genomic and metabolomic approaches to augment traditional methods of studying natural products, and highlight recent examples of natural products in antimicrobial drug discovery and as inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. The growing appreciation of functional assays and phenotypic screens may further contribute to a revival of interest in natural products for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Harvey
- 1] Research and Innovation Support, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. [2] Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
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42
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Novel benzothiazinones (BTOs) as allosteric modulator or substrate competitive inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) with cellular activity of promoting glucose uptake. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5639-5643. [PMID: 25467150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) plays a key role in insulin metabolizing pathway and therefore inhibition of the enzyme might provide an important therapeutic approach for treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recently, discovery of ATP noncompetitive inhibitors is gaining importance not only due to their generally increased selectivity but also for the potentially subtle modulation of the target. These kinds of compounds include allosteric modulators and substrate competitive inhibitors. Here we reported two benzothiazinone compounds (BTO), named BTO-5h (IC50=8 μM) and BTO-5s (IC50=10 μM) as novel allosteric modulator and substrate competitive inhibitor of GSK-3β, respectively. Their different action modes were proved by kinetic experiments. Furthermore, BTO-5s was selected to check the kinases profile and showed little or even no activity to a panel of ten protein kinases at 100 μM, indicating it has good selectivity. Docking studies were performed to give suggesting binding modes which can well explain their impacts on the enzyme. Moreover, cell experiments displayed both compounds reduced the phosphorylation level of glycogen synthase in an intact cell, and greatly enhanced the glucose uptake in both HpG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. All of these results suggested BTO-5s and BTO-5h maybe have potentially therapeutic value for anti-diabetes. The results also offer a new scaffold for designing and developing selective inhibitors with novel mechanisms of action.
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44
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Waters AL, Peraud O, Kasanah N, Sims JW, Kothalawala N, Anderson MA, Abbas SH, Rao KV, Jupally VR, Kelly M, Dass A, Hill RT, Hamann MT. An analysis of the sponge Acanthostrongylophora igens' microbiome yields an actinomycete that produces the natural product manzamine A. FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE 2014; 1:54. [PMID: 27785452 PMCID: PMC5076551 DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2014.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sponges have generated significant interest as a source of bioactive and elaborate secondary metabolites that hold promise for the development of novel therapeutics for the control of an array of human diseases. However, research and development of marine natural products can often be hampered by the difficulty associated with obtaining a stable and sustainable production source. Herein we report the first successful characterization and utilization of the microbiome of a marine invertebrate to identify a sustainable production source for an important natural product scaffold. Through molecular-microbial community analysis, optimization of fermentation conditions and MALDI-MS imaging, we provide the first report of a sponge-associated bacterium (Micromonospora sp.) that produces the manzamine class of antimalarials from the Indo-Pacific sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens (Thiele, 1899) (Class Demospongiae, Order Haplosclerida, Family Petrosiidae). These findings suggest that a general strategy of analysis of the macroorganism's microbiome could significantly transform the field of natural products drug discovery by gaining access to not only novel drug leads, but the potential for sustainable production sources and biosynthetic genes at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Waters
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Olivier Peraud
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noer Kasanah
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - James W. Sims
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Nuwan Kothalawala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Matthew A. Anderson
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samuel H. Abbas
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Karumanchi V. Rao
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Vijay R. Jupally
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Michelle Kelly
- National Center for Coasts and Oceans, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amala Dass
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Russell T. Hill
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- National Center for Natural Product Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Ashok P, Lathiya H, Murugesan S. Manzamine alkaloids as antileishmanial agents: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:928-36. [PMID: 25023608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is considered as one of the most Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in the world, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis control profoundly depends upon chemotherapy which includes pentavalent antimonials, paromomycin, pentamidine, amphotericin B and miltefosine. Miltefosine is the only oral drug used for the treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis with high cure rate but decrease in susceptibility is observed in countries like India where it is extensively used. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel antileishmanial agents with good potency and better therapeutic profile. Manzamines are unique group of β-carboline alkaloids isolated from marine sponges and exhibited potent antileishmanial activity. In the present study, we described antileishmanial activity, cytotoxicity and structure activity relationship of natural manzamine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penta Ashok
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India.
| | - Hiren Lathiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India
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Ashok P, Ganguly S, Murugesan S. Manzamine alkaloids: isolation, cytotoxicity, antimalarial activity and SAR studies. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:1781-1791. [PMID: 24953707 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The infectious disease Malaria is caused by different species of the genus Plasmodium. Resistance to quinoline antimalarial drugs and decreased susceptibility to artemisinin-based combination therapy have increased the need for novel antimalarial agents. Historically, natural products have been used for the treatment of infectious diseases. Identification of natural products and their semi-synthetic derivatives with potent antimalarial activity is an important method for developing novel antimalarial agents. Manzamine alkaloids are a unique group of β-carboline alkaloids isolated from various species of marine sponge displaying potent antimalarial activity against drug-sensitive and -resistant strains of Plasmodium. In this review, we demonstrate antimalarial potency, cytotoxicity and antimalarial SAR of manzamine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penta Ashok
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Swastika Ganguly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra 835215, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India.
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Xu J, Lacoske MH, Theodorakis EA. Neurotrophic natural products: chemistry and biology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:956-87. [PMID: 24353244 PMCID: PMC3945720 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases and spinal cord injury affect approximately 50 million people worldwide, bringing the total healthcare cost to over 600 billion dollars per year. Nervous system growth factors, that is, neurotrophins, are a potential solution to these disorders, since they could promote nerve regeneration. An average of 500 publications per year attests to the significance of neurotrophins in biomedical sciences and underlines their potential for therapeutic applications. Nonetheless, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of neurotrophins severely restricts their clinical use. On the other hand, small molecules that modulate neurotrophic activity offer a promising therapeutic approach against neurological disorders. Nature has provided an impressive array of natural products that have potent neurotrophic activities. This Review highlights the current synthetic strategies toward these compounds and summarizes their ability to induce neuronal growth and rehabilitation. It is anticipated that neurotrophic natural products could be used not only as starting points in drug design but also as tools to study the next frontier in biomedical sciences: the brain activity map project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0358 (USA), Homepage: http://theodorakisgroup.ucsd.edu
| | - Michelle H. Lacoske
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0358 (USA), Homepage: http://theodorakisgroup.ucsd.edu
| | - Emmanuel A. Theodorakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0358 (USA), Homepage: http://theodorakisgroup.ucsd.edu
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation, chemical structure, biological activity, structure activity relationships including synthesis of chemical probes, and pharmacological characterization of neuroactive marine natural products; 302 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Sakai
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan.
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Xu J, Lacoske MH, Theodorakis EA. Neurotrophe Naturstoffe - ihre Chemie und Biologie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Waknine-Grinberg JH, Even-Chen S, Avichzer J, Turjeman K, Bentura-Marciano A, Haynes RK, Weiss L, Allon N, Ovadia H, Golenser J, Barenholz Y. Glucocorticosteroids in nano-sterically stabilized liposomes are efficacious for elimination of the acute symptoms of experimental cerebral malaria. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72722. [PMID: 23991146 PMCID: PMC3753236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria is the most severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, and a leading cause of death in children under the age of five in malaria-endemic areas. We report high therapeutic efficacy of a novel formulation of liposome-encapsulated water-soluble glucocorticoid prodrugs, and in particular β-methasone hemisuccinate (BMS), for treatment of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), using the murine P. berghei ANKA model. BMS is a novel derivative of the potent steroid β-methasone, and was specially synthesized to enable remote loading into nano-sterically stabilized liposomes (nSSL), to form nSSL-BMS. The novel nano-drug, composed of nSSL remote loaded with BMS, dramatically improves drug efficacy and abolishes the high toxicity seen upon administration of free BMS. nSSL-BMS reduces ECM rates in a dose-dependent manner and creates a survival time-window, enabling administration of an antiplasmodial drug, such as artemisone. Administration of artemisone after treatment with the nSSL-BMS results in complete cure. Treatment with BMS leads to lower levels of cerebral inflammation, demonstrated by changes in cytokines, chemokines, and cell markers, as well as diminished hemorrhage and edema, correlating with reduced clinical score. Administration of the liposomal formulation results in accumulation of BMS in the brains of sick mice but not of healthy mice. This steroidal nano-drug effectively eliminates the adverse effects of the cerebral syndrome even when the treatment is started at late stages of disease, in which disruption of the blood-brain barrier has occurred and mice show clear signs of neurological impairment. Overall, sequential treatment with nSSL-BMS and artemisone may be an efficacious and well-tolerated therapy for prevention of CM, elimination of parasites, and prevention of long-term cognitive damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith H. Waknine-Grinberg
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research – Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Simcha Even-Chen
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research – Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jasmine Avichzer
- Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Turjeman
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research – Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Annael Bentura-Marciano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Richard K. Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lola Weiss
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nahum Allon
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research – Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haim Ovadia
- Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Golenser
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research – Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail: (YB), (JG)
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