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Van Den Hauwe R, Elsocht M, Ballet S, Hollanders C. Efficient Synthesis of Polysubstituted 1,5-Benzodiazepinone Dipeptide Mimetics via an Ugi-4CR-Ullmann Condensation Sequence. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1545-2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient three-step synthesis towards 3-amino-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives is presented. The versatile Ugi-4-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) and Boc deprotection is followed by a ligand-free Ullmann condensation. This protocol allows the rapid construction of a diverse array of substituted 1,5-benzodiazepinones. Since Ugi-based products are typically limited by their ‘inert’ C-terminal amides, the use of a convertible (‘cleavable’) isocyanide was envisaged and resulted in building blocks that can be made SPPS compatible. To demonstrate the potential of this novel synthetic route, the design and preparation of novel phenylurea-1,5-benzodiazepin-4(5H)-one dipeptide mimetics with potential CCK2-antagonist properties is reported.
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Sensfuss U, Kruse T, Skyggebjerg RB, Uldam HK, Vestergaard B, Huus K, Vinther TN, Reinau ME, Schéele S, Clausen TR. Structure–Activity Relationships and Characterization of Highly Selective, Long-Acting, Peptide-Based Cholecystokinin 1 Receptor Agonists. J Med Chem 2019; 62:1407-1419. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Harikumar KG, Cawston EE, Lam PCH, Patil A, Orry A, Henke BR, Abagyan R, Christopoulos A, Sexton PM, Miller LJ. Molecular basis for benzodiazepine agonist action at the type 1 cholecystokinin receptor. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:21082-21095. [PMID: 23754289 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.480715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of drug action can facilitate development of more potent and selective drugs. Here, we explore the molecular basis for action of a unique small molecule ligand that is a type 1 cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor agonist and type 2 CCK receptor antagonist, GI181771X. We characterize its binding utilizing structurally related radioiodinated ligands selective for CCK receptor subtypes that utilize the same allosteric ligand-binding pocket, using wild-type receptors and chimeric constructs exchanging the distinct residues lining this pocket. Intracellular calcium assays were performed to determine biological activity. Molecular models for docking small molecule agonists to the type 1 CCK receptor were developed using a ligand-guided refinement approach. The optimal model was distinct from the previous antagonist model for the same receptor and was mechanistically consistent with the current mutagenesis data. This study revealed a key role for Leu(7.39) that was predicted to interact with the isopropyl group in the N1 position of the benzodiazepine that acts as a "trigger" for biological activity. The molecular model was predictive of binding of other small molecule agonists, effectively distinguishing these from 1065 approved drug decoys with an area under curve value of 99%. The model also selectively enriched for agonist compounds, with 130 agonists identified by ROC analysis when seeded in 2175 non-agonist ligands of the type 1 CCK receptor (area under curve 78%). Benzodiazepine agonists in this series docked in consistent pose within this pocket, with a key role played by Leu(7.39), whereas the role of this residue was less clear for chemically distinct agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleeckal G Harikumar
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Erin E Cawston
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | | | - Achyut Patil
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | | | - Brad R Henke
- the Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Ruben Abagyan
- Molsoft LLC, La Jolla, California 92037,; the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, and
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- the Department of Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- the Department of Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Laurence J Miller
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259,.
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4
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Xiao Y, Xu Y, Cheon HS, Chae J. Copper(II)-Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Aryl Halides Using Glycolic acid as a Ligand. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5804-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400702z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Research
Institute of Basic Sciences, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 136-742, Korea
| | - Yongnan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hwan-Sung Cheon
- Central Research Institute, Samsung Cheil Industries Inc., Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do
437-711, Korea
| | - Junghyun Chae
- Department
of Chemistry and Research
Institute of Basic Sciences, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 136-742, Korea
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5
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Discovery of new piperidine amide triazolobenzodiazepinones as intestinal-selective CCK1 receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2943-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Elliott RL, Cameron KO, Chin JE, Bartlett JA, Beretta EE, Chen Y, Jardine PDS, Dubins JS, Gillaspy ML, Hargrove DM, Kalgutkar AS, LaFlamme JA, Lame ME, Martin KA, Maurer TS, Nardone NA, Oliver RM, Scott DO, Sun D, Swick AG, Trebino CE, Zhang Y. Discovery of N-benzyl-2-[(4S)-4-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-6H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,5]benzodiazepin-6-yl]-N-isopropylacetamide, an orally active, gut-selective CCK1 receptor agonist for the potential treatment of obesity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6797-801. [PMID: 20851601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of triazolobenzodiazepinone CCK1 receptor agonists. Analogs in this series demonstrate potent agonist activity as measured by in vitro and in vivo assays for CCK1 agonism. Our efforts resulted in the identification of compound 4a which significantly reduced food intake with minimal systemic exposure in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Elliott
- Department of Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, United States
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Araújo AC, Nicotra F, Airoldi C, Costa B, Giagnoni G, Fumagalli P, Cipolla L. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Rigid 1,4-Benzodiazepine-2,5-dione Chimeric Scaffolds. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li Z, Sun Y, Ren X, Li W, Shi Y, Ouyang P. Efficient Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzodiazepines Mediated by Sulfamic Acid under Neat Condition or in Solution. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701263627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Li
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinghua Ren
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weisi Li
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhu Shi
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- a College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hadac EM, Dawson ES, Darrow JW, Sugg EE, Lybrand TP, Miller LJ. Novel benzodiazepine photoaffinity probe stereoselectively labels a site deep within the membrane-spanning domain of the cholecystokinin receptor. J Med Chem 2006; 49:850-63. [PMID: 16451051 PMCID: PMC2528300 DOI: 10.1021/jm049072h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the molecular basis of drug action provides opportunities for refinement of drug properties and for development of more potent and selective molecules that act at the same biological target. In this work, we have identified the active enantiomers in racemic mixtures of structurally related benzophenone derivatives of 1,5-benzodiazepines, representing both antagonist and agonist ligands of the type A cholecystokinin receptor. The parent compounds of the 1,5-benzodiazepine CCK receptor photoaffinity ligands were originally prepared in an effort to develop orally active drugs. The enantiomeric compounds reported in this study selectively photoaffinity-labeled the CCK receptor, resulting in the identification of a site of attachment for the photolabile moiety of the antagonist probe deep within the receptor's membrane-spanning region at Leu(88), a residue within transmembrane segment two. In contrast, the agonist probe labeled a region including extracellular loop one and a portion of transmembrane segment three. The antagonist covalent attachment site to the receptor served as a guide in the construction of theoretical three-dimensional molecular models for the antagonist-receptor complex. These models provided a means for visualization of physically plausible ligand-receptor interactions in the context of all currently available biological data that address small molecule interactions with the CCK receptor. Our approach, featuring the use of novel photolabile compounds targeting the membrane-spanning receptor domain to probe the binding site region, introduces powerful tools and a strategy for direct and selective investigation of nonpeptidyl ligand binding to peptide receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric S. Dawson
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37235-1822
| | | | - Elizabeth E. Sugg
- Glaxo-SmithKline Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC and
| | - Terry P. Lybrand
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37235-1822
| | - Laurence J. Miller
- *Please send all correspondence and reprint requests to: Laurence J. Miller, M.D. Director, Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, Tel: (480) 301-6650, Fax: (480) 301-6969, E-mail:
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Lattmann E, Singh H, Boonprakob Y, Lattmann P, Sattayasai J. Synthesis and evaluation of N-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indole-carboxamides as cholecystokinin antagonists. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006; 58:393-401. [PMID: 16536908 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.3.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship optimization of the pyrazoline template 3a resulted in novel 3-oxo-1,2-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-indole carboxamides 4a-4e. These non-peptidal CCK ligands have been shown to act as potent CCK1 ligands in a [125]I-CCK-8 receptor binding assay. The best amides (4c and 4d) of this series displayed an IC50 of 20/25 nM for the CCK1 receptor. In a subsequent in-vivo evaluation using various behaviour pharmacological assays, an anxiolytic effect of these novel 3-oxo-1,2-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-indole carboxamides was found at high doses in the elevated plus-maze. In the despair swimming test, a model for testing antidepressants, an ED50 of 0.33/0.41 mg kg(-1) was determined for amide 4c/4d and the antidepressant effect had a magnitude comparable to desimipramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lattmann
- The School of Pharmacy, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Abstract
Summary Cholecystokinin (CCK), a peptide that is distributed widely throughout the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, has a number of physiological effects including the stimulation of gallbladder contraction and pancreatic and gastric acid secretion, slowing of gastric emptying and suppression of energy intake. This review focuses on current knowledge relating to (i) the effects of CCK on energy intake; (ii) the role for CCK in the pathophysiology of obesity; and (iii) the therapeutic potential for strategies which modulate the action or secretion of CCK in the management of obesity. While CCK plays a role in the acute regulation of appetite and energy intake, there is little evidence to suggest that specific CCK receptor agonists, or modulation of the actions of endogenous CCK by dietary manipulation, have sustainable inhibitory effects on energy intake. Hence, it appears unlikely that manipulating the pathways by which CCK modulates energy intake will prove to be an effective strategy in the long term management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Little
- University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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12
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Abstract
In Type 2 diabetes, glucose homeostasis is impaired due to either a decrease in insulin secretion or insulin action. In this symposium, molecular targets that could have an impact on either or both of these defects were discussed and data related to specific compounds were presented. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors that relieve the negative control on insulin action and are active in cell assays, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors that raise postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 levels in animals and humans, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitors that increase the levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase, which in turn improve insulin sensitivity, were all discussed. Roche presented for the first time their novel glucokinase activators and discussed both the in vitro and in vivo activity profiles of representative glucokinase activators as potential therapy for Type 2 diabetes. Second generation retinoid X receptor modulators that retain the desirable effects of full agonists, while devoid of their negative attributes, such as triglyceride accumulation, were discussed. Also, clinical efficacy results of synthetic exendin-4, Exenatide trade mark, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue, were presented. In the area of obesity, agonists of several central (melanocortin type 4, serotonin subtype 2C and cannabinoid receptor 1) receptors and one peripheral G-protein-coupled receptor, cholecystokinin receptor-A, all of which lead to reduced food intake in animals, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkanth Sarabu
- Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
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13
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Nakazato A, Chaki S. Recent advances in feeding suppressing agents: potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.11.11.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Dollé F, Martarello L, Bramoullé Y, Bottlaender M, Gee A. Radiosynthesis of carbon-11-labelled GI181771, a new selective CCK-A agonist. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Bickel M, Gossel M, Geisen K, Jaehne G, Lang HJ, Rosenburg R, Sandow J. Analysis of the anorectic efficacy of HMR1426 in rodents and its effects on gastric emptying in rats. Int J Obes (Lond) 2003; 28:211-21. [PMID: 14663491 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pharmacodynamics of HMR1426 in rodents. SUBJECTS Male and female rats and male mice. MEASUREMENTS 24 h feed consumption was measured. From the time curves IC(50) values of HMR1426 were calculated. Microanalysis of feeding behavior was determined. Macronutrient preference was measured, by offering rats three different diets. Gastric emptying was measured after liquid gastric loads or solid meals. In rats with gastric cannulas, milk consumption was measured with closed or open cannulas. Diabetes-related parameters and thyroid hormones were measured. RESULTS HMR1426 inhibited feed consumption dose-dependently in rodents. Microstructural analysis of feeding after HMR1426 differed from central acting anorectics. HMR1426 inhibited consumption of fat- and carbohydrate-enriched diets. Gastric emptying was dose- and time-dependently delayed. Gastric emptying correlated with the time course of the anorectic effect. In sham-fed rats, HMR1426 had no anorectic effect with open cannulas. Anorectic effect occurred with closed cannulas. We proved that HMR1426 is not a CCK(A) agonist. CONCLUSION The correlation between anorectic properties of HMR1426 and gastric emptying suggests that gastric emptying may cause the anorectic properties of HMR1426. The differences in microstructural feeding behavior between HMR1426 and centrally active anorectics makes it unlikely that HMR1426 acts via the CNS. Evidence for a peripheral mode of action is derived from sham-fed rats with open gastric fistula. When the milk fed was drained, HMR1426 was ineffective. HMR1426 is not a CCK(A) agonist. The molecular action of HMR1426 causing gastric emptying and its anorectic properties are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bickel
- Aventis Pharma Deutschland GmbH, Pharmacology, DI & A. Metabolic Diseases, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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16
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Martín-Martínez M, Latorre M, García-López MT, Cenarruzabeitia E, Del Río J, González-Muñiz R. Effects of the incorporation of IBTM beta-turn mimetics into the dipeptoid CCK(1) receptor agonist PD 170292. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:109-12. [PMID: 11755332 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the 2-Adoc-D-alphaMeTrp residue in the non-selective CCK(1) receptor agonist PD 170292 by the Z-(2R,5R,11bS)-IBTM skeleton, able to fix a type II beta-turn-like conformation, led to a conformationally restricted dipeptoid analogue, namely 3a, which exhibited a notable increase in the CCK(1) selectivity and antagonist properties.
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17
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Sherrill RG, Berman JM, Birkemo L, Croom DK, Dezube M, Ervin GN, Grizzle MK, James MK, Johnson MF, Queen KL, Rimele TJ, Vanmiddlesworth F, Sugg EE. 1,4-Benzodiazepine peripheral cholecystokinin (CCK-A) receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1145-8. [PMID: 11354363 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,4-benzodiazepines, N-1-substituted with an N-isopropyl-N-phenylacetamide moiety, was synthesized and screened for CCK-A agonist activity. In vitro agonist activity on isolated guinea pig gallbladder along with in vivo induction of satiety following intraperitoneal administration in a rat feeding assay was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Sherrill
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Glaxo Welcome Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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18
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Bouhlal D, Godé P, Goethals G, Massoui M, Villa P, Martin P. Synthesis and amphiphilic properties of glycosyl-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,5-diones. Carbohydr Res 2000; 329:207-14. [PMID: 11086701 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,5-diones were prepared by coupling polyhydroxylated groups at N-1 of the corresponding benzodiazepine. The groups include 1-deoxy-D,L-xylit-1-yl, 6-deoxy-D-glucopyranos-6-yl, and 6-deoxy-3-OR-D-glucopyranos-6-yl (R = n-CnH(2n +1); n = 8, 12, and 16). The structural variations of the sugar group allowed comparison of such amphiphilic data as water solubility (Sw), critical micelle concentration (CMC), and corresponding surface tension (gamma) values. At 25 degrees C, unsubstituted benzodiazepines have Sw values from 0.9 to 4.2 10(-3) mol L(-1), whereas xylit-1-yl and 6-deoxy-D-glucopyranos-6-yl derivatives are, respectively, 7.4-25 and 58-204 times more soluble. Also, compounds with R = n-C8H17 are more soluble than corresponding benzodiazepines (1.4-5.8 times) and give micelles with CMC from 2.7 to 5.6 10(-3) mol L(-1) and corresponding gamma from 29 to 37 mN m(-1). In contrast, compounds with R = n-C12H25 and n-C16H33 are not soluble enough to reach the critical micelle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bouhlal
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Agroressources, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra, Morocco
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19
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de Tullio P, Delarge J, Pirotte B. Therapeutic and chemical developments of cholecystokinin receptor ligands. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2000; 9:129-46. [PMID: 11060666 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.9.1.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is an important 'brain-gut' hormone located both in the gastrointestinal (GI) system and in the CNS. At least two different G-coupled high affinity receptors have been identified: the CCK-A and the CCK-B receptors. Although the complex biological role of CCK is, as yet, not fully understood, its connection with many different physiological processes both at the GI level and at the CNS level is now well established. There is much potential for therapeutic use of CCK receptor ligands, however, clear investigations have yet to be completed. Several chemical families have been investigated over the last 20 years to find potent, subtype selective and stable CCK receptor agonists and antagonists. The main goal was to discover new therapeutic drugs acting on GI and/or on CNS diseases and also, to obtain powerful pharmacological tools that could permit a better understanding of the biological role of CCK. Despite promising results from investigations into medicinal chemistry of CCK receptor ligands, the therapeutical applications of these ligands still remains to be defined. This article reviews the main biological role of CCK, the therapeutic potential of CCK-A and CCK-B receptor agonists and antagonists and the common compounds from the different families of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- P de Tullio
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Université de Liège, CHU, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B-4000 Sart-Tilman (Liège), Belgium.
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Darrow JW, Hadac EM, Miller LJ, Sugg EE. Structurally similar small molecule photoaffinity CCK-A agonists and antagonists as novel tools for directly probing 7TM receptors-ligand interactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3127-32. [PMID: 9873689 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of photolabile benzoyl (2a-d) or trifluoromethyl-3H-diazirine (3a-d) substituents into 1,5-benzodiazepine ligands did not significantly impair the rat CCK-A binding affinity of either agonists or antagonists. The modified agonist ligands also retained functional potency and efficacy in the rat amylase assay. Despite their strong structural similarity, the SAR of this limited set of compounds suggests that these small molecule antagonists and agonists might differ in their mode of binding to the CCK-A receptor. Preliminary affinity results show that representative agonists and antagonists from these series can be used to efficiently covalently label the CCK-A receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Darrow
- Neurogen Corporation, Branford, CT 06405, USA
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21
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Sugg EE, Birkemo L, Gan LS, Tippin TK. Orally active nonpeptide CCK-A agonists. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 1998; 11:507-24. [PMID: 9760694 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-47384-4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E E Sugg
- Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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22
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Beinborn M, Quinn SM, Kopin AS. Minor modifications of a cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor non-peptide antagonist confer a broad spectrum of functional properties. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:14146-51. [PMID: 9603914 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.23.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of non-peptide agonists for peptide hormone receptors would markedly expand the treatment options for a large number of diseases. However, difficulty in identifying non-peptide molecules which possess intrinsic activity has been a major obstacle in achieving this goal. At present, most of the known non-peptide ligands for peptide hormone receptors appear in standard functional assays to be antagonists. Here, we report that a constitutively active mutant of the human cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor, Leu325 --> Glu, offers the potential to detect even trace agonist activity of ligands which, at the wild type receptor isoform, appear to lack efficacy. The enhanced functional sensitivity of the mutant receptor enabled us to detect intrinsic activity of L-365,260, an established non-peptide antagonist for the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor. Extending from this observation, we were able to demonstrate that minor structural modifications could convert L-365, 260 into either: (i) an agonist or (ii) an inverse agonist (attenuates ligand-independent signaling). The ability to confer functional activity to small non-peptide ligands suggests that the properties of endogenous peptide hormones can be mimicked, and even extended, by considerably less complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beinborn
- Department of Medicine and Center for Gastroenterology Research on Absorptive and Secretory Processes, Tupper Research Institute, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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23
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Kimura T, Kaburaki H, Tsujino T, Ikeda Y, Kato H, Watanabe Y. A non-peptide compound which can mimic the effect of thrombopoietin via c-Mpl. FEBS Lett 1998; 428:250-4. [PMID: 9654143 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a cytokine which plays a central role in megakaryopoiesis and platelet production by binding to its cell surface receptor, termed c-Mpl. In the present study, two benzodiazepinones that compete with the binding of TPO to the extracellular region of c-Mpl were identified, and one of them stimulated the proliferation of a human TPO-dependent megakaryocytic cell line, UT-7/TPO. It stimulated the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in UT-7/TPO cells. These results suggest that a non-peptide compound can mimic the effect of TPO via c-Mpl.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kimura
- Research and Development Division, Hokuriku Seiyaku Co., Ltd, Katsuyama, Fukui, Japan.
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24
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Hirst GC, Queen KL, Sugg EF, Willson TM. Conversion of acyclic nonpeptide CCK antagonists into CCK agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Sugg EE. Chapter 28. Nonpeptide Agonists for Peptide Receptors: Lessons from Ligands. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)61486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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