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Peng X, Rahim A, Peng W, Jiang F, Gu Z, Wen S. Recent Progress in Cyclic Aryliodonium Chemistry: Syntheses and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1364-1416. [PMID: 36649301 PMCID: PMC9951228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypervalent aryliodoumiums are intensively investigated as arylating agents. They are excellent surrogates to aryl halides, and moreover they exhibit better reactivity, which allows the corresponding arylation reactions to be performed under mild conditions. In the past decades, acyclic aryliodoniums are widely explored as arylation agents. However, the unmet need for acyclic aryliodoniums is the improvement of their notoriously low reaction economy because the coproduced aryl iodides during the arylation are often wasted. Cyclic aryliodoniums have their intrinsic advantage in terms of reaction economy, and they have started to receive considerable attention due to their valuable synthetic applications to initiate cascade reactions, which can enable the construction of complex structures, including polycycles with potential pharmaceutical and functional properties. Here, we are summarizing the recent advances made in the research field of cyclic aryliodoniums, including the nascent design of aryliodonium species and their synthetic applications. First, the general preparation of typical diphenyl iodoniums is described, followed by the construction of heterocyclic iodoniums and monoaryl iodoniums. Then, the initiated arylations coupled with subsequent domino reactions are summarized to construct polycycles. Meanwhile, the advances in cyclic aryliodoniums for building biaryls including axial atropisomers are discussed in a systematic manner. Finally, a very recent advance of cyclic aryliodoniums employed as halogen-bonding organocatalysts is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Peng
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou510060, P. R. China
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei230026, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Peng
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei230026, P. R. China
| | - Shijun Wen
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou510060, P. R. China
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2
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Funaki K, Tabata H, Nakazato Y, Takahashi Y, Tasaka T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H, Oshitari T. Atropodiastereoselective 5 N-Acylation of 1,5-Benzodiazepin-2-ones with ( S)-2-Phenylpropanoyl and ( S)-2-Phenylbutanoyl Chlorides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15289-15300. [PMID: 36222058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
5N-Acylation of 1N-methyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with (S)-2-phenylpropanoyl and (S)-2-phenylbutanoyl chlorides afforded the (a1S,a2S,S)-atropisomer (I) diastereoselectively over the (a1R,a2R,S)-isomer (II) in the ratio of 1:0.06-0.15. The preferential formation of I may be explained by the thermodynamically preferable π-π stacking interaction between two benzene rings in the benzodiazepine ring and the acyl chloride during the reaction. Analysis using ab initio calculations (RI-MP2/6-31+G(d) level of theory) for the acylation reaction indicated the π-π stacking interaction in the transition state. Furthermore, isomer I was shown to be thermodynamically more stable than II. The higher stability of I may be caused by the folded form of the two benzene rings, which was revealed by NMR, X-ray, and computational analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Funaki
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakazato
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tasaka
- Affinity Science Corporation, 1-11-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- Affinity Science Corporation, 1-11-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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3
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Natsugari H. Two Unique Molecules Encountered in Chemistry Research at Industry. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Tabata H, Yoneda T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H. Axial Chirality Originating in Amide and Sulfonamide Structures: Flexible Stereochemistry of Benzo-Fused Seven-Membered-Ring Heterocycles. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2016. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.74.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hideaki Natsugari
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University
- General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University
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5
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Kumarasamy E, Raghunathan R, Sibi MP, Sivaguru J. Nonbiaryl and Heterobiaryl Atropisomers: Molecular Templates with Promise for Atropselective Chemical Transformations. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11239-300. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elango Kumarasamy
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Ramya Raghunathan
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Mukund P. Sibi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - J. Sivaguru
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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6
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Fang ZJ, Zheng SC, Guo Z, Guo JY, Tan B, Liu XY. Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Isoquinolones: Nickel-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transannulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9528-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Fang ZJ, Zheng SC, Guo Z, Guo JY, Tan B, Liu XY. Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Isoquinolones: Nickel-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transannulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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8
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Ramos SS, Almeida SS, Leite PM, Boto RE, Silvestre S, Almeida P. VT-NMR and cytotoxic evaluation of some new ortho-(alkylchalcogen)acetanilides. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Tabata H. Chemistry of Amide-based Axial Chirality: Elucidation of the Active Conformation Recognized by Enzymes and Receptors. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2013; 133:857-66. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Barrett KT, Miller SJ. Enantioselective synthesis of atropisomeric benzamides through peptide-catalyzed bromination. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2963-6. [PMID: 23410090 DOI: 10.1021/ja400082x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the enantioselective synthesis of atropisomeric benzamides employing catalytic electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions involving bromination. The catalyst is a simple tetrapeptide bearing a tertiary amine that may function as a Brønsted base. A series of tri- and dibrominations were accomplished for a range of compounds bearing differential substitution patterns. Tertiary benzamides represent appropriate substrates for the reaction since they exhibit sufficiently high barriers to racemization after ortho functionalization. Mechanism-driven experiments provided some insight into the basis for selectivity. Examination of the observed products at low conversion suggested that the initial catalytic bromination may be regioselective and stereochemistry-determining. A complex between the catalyst and substrate was observed by NMR spectroscopy, revealing a specific association. Finally, the products of these reactions may be subjected to regioselective metal-halogen exchange and trapping with I(2), setting the stage for utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly T Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
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11
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Tabata H, Wada N, Takada Y, Nakagomi J, Miike T, Shirahase H, Oshitari T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H. Active Conformation of Seven-Membered-Ring Benzolactams as New ACAT Inhibitors: Latent Chirality at N5 in the 1,5-Benzodiazepin-2-one Nucleus. Chemistry 2011; 18:1572-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Shirai J, Sugiyama H, Morimoto S, Maezaki H, Yamamoto Y, Okanishi S, Kamo I, Matsumoto S, Ishigami K, Inatomi N, Imanishi A, Kawamoto M, Tarui N, Hashimoto T, Ikeura Y. Novel 3-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxamides as highly potent and orally long-acting neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists with reduced CYP3A induction. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:962-77. [PMID: 22189275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel 3-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxamide derivatives are described. These compounds are generated by hybridization of the substructures from two types of tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonists. Compound 42 showed high metabolic stability and excellent efficacy in the guinea-pig GR-73637-induced locomotive activity assay at 1 and 24h after oral administration. It also exhibited good pharmacokinetic profiles in four animal species, and a low potential in a pregnane X receptor induction assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Shirai
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
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13
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Laplante SR, D Fader L, Fandrick KR, Fandrick DR, Hucke O, Kemper R, Miller SPF, Edwards PJ. Assessing atropisomer axial chirality in drug discovery and development. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7005-22. [PMID: 21848318 DOI: 10.1021/jm200584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 476] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Laplante
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Quebec, H7S 2G5, Canada.
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14
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Tabata H, Nakagomi J, Morizono D, Oshitari T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H. Atropisomerism in the Vaptan Class of Vasopressin Receptor Ligands: The Active Conformation Recognized by the Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3075-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Tabata H, Nakagomi J, Morizono D, Oshitari T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H. Atropisomerism in the Vaptan Class of Vasopressin Receptor Ligands: The Active Conformation Recognized by the Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Takahashi H, Wakamatsu S, Tabata H, Oshitari T, Harada A, Inoue K, Natsugari H. Atropisomerism Observed in Indometacin Derivatives. Org Lett 2011; 13:760-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol103008d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyo Takahashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Shintaro Wakamatsu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Ayako Harada
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Keizo Inoue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
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17
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Tabata H, Suzuki H, Akiba K, Takahashi H, Natsugari H. Atropisomeric Properties of 7-, 8-, and 9-Membered-Ring Dibenzolactams: Conformation, Thermal Stability, and Chemical Reactivity. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5984-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1013383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetsugu Tabata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Kumi Akiba
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5195, Japan
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18
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Bunker KD, Nukui S, Rheingold AL, Dipasquale A, Yanovsky A. 4-Chloro-7-hydr-oxy-6-methyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8(7H)-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o3259. [PMID: 21578955 PMCID: PMC2972179 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C9H7ClN2O2, was prepared by reaction of methyl 4-chloro-3-(prop-1-ynyl)picolinate with hydroxylamine in MeOH/KOH solution. The two essentially planar molecules which make up the asymmetric unit have almost identical geometries and and are linked into dimeric aggregates via pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. These aggregates have almost perfect inversion symmetry; however, quite unusually, the inversion center of the dimer does not coincide with the crystallographic inversion center.
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19
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Lee S, Kamide T, Tabata H, Takahashi H, Shiro M, Natsugari H. Axial chirality and affinity at the GABAA receptor of pyrimido[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepines and related compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:9519-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Revised: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Seto S, Asano J. Analysis of crucial structural requirements of 2-substituted pyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocines as NK1 receptor antagonist by axially chiral derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5083-9. [PMID: 17540575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2007] [Revised: 05/12/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the crucial structural features of 2-substituted 8-methylpyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocine derivatives. Axially chiral 8-methylpyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocines bearing a substituent at the C-2 position were synthesized and evaluated as NK(1) antagonists. The results revealed that (aR, 8S)-stereochemistry and the substituent at the C-2 position are important for NK(1) receptor recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Seto
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, 2399-1, Nogi, Nogi-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, Japan.
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21
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Guile SD, Bantick JR, Cooper ME, Donald DK, Eyssade C, Ingall AH, Lewis RJ, Martin BP, Mohammed RT, Potter TJ, Reynolds RH, St-Gallay SA, Wright AD. Optimization of monocarboxylate transporter 1 blockers through analysis and modulation of atropisomer interconversion properties. J Med Chem 2007; 50:254-63. [PMID: 17228867 DOI: 10.1021/jm060995h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described a novel series of potent blockers of the monocarboxylate transporter, MCT1, which show potent immunomodulatory activity in an assay measuring inhibition of PMA/ionomycin-induced human PBMC proliferation. However, the preferred compounds had the undesirable property of existing as a mixture of slowly interconverting rotational isomers. Here we show that variable temperature NMR is an effective method of monitoring how alteration to the nature of the amide substituent can modulate the rate of isomer exchange. This led to the design of compounds with increased rates of rotamer interconversion. Moreover, some of these compounds also showed improved potency and provided a route to further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Guile
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, LE11 5RH, UK.
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22
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Brandes S, Niess B, Bella M, Prieto A, Overgaard J, Jørgensen KA. Non-Biaryl Atropisomers in Organocatalysis. Chemistry 2006; 12:6039-52. [PMID: 16789058 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new class of 6'-hydroxy cinchona alkaloids, with a non-biaryl atropisomeric functionalisation at position 5' of the quinoline core can be prepared by an easy amination procedure. These are the first derivatives for which the principle of atropisomerism is engrafted in the classical core of the cinchona alkaloids. The aminated cinchona alkaloids are effective organocatalysts for the Michael addition of beta-keto esters to acrolein and methyl vinyl ketone, in up to 93 % ee (ee=enantiomeric excess), as well as for the asymmetric Friedel-Crafts amination of a variety of 2-naphthols, permitting the preparation of the latter in up to 98 % ee. The aminated 8-amino-2-naphthol itself is the first chiral organocatalyst based on non-biaryl atropisomerism. The two enantiomers of this chiral primary amine can be used for the direct alpha-fluorination of alpha-branched aldehydes. The fluorinated compounds can thereby be accessed in up to 90 % ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandes
- The Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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23
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Garino C, Tomita T, Pietrancosta N, Laras Y, Rosas R, Herbette G, Maigret B, Quéléver G, Iwatsubo T, Kraus JL. Naphthyl and Coumarinyl Biarylpiperazine Derivatives as Highly Potent Human β-Secretase Inhibitors. Design, Synthesis, and Enzymatic BACE-1 and Cell Assays. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4275-85. [PMID: 16821787 DOI: 10.1021/jm0602864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Twenty novel beta-secretase inhibitors containing biarylpiperazine moieties belonging to naphthyl and coumarinyl series were designed for their potential use in Alzheimer's disease therapy. Enzymatic and cell-based assays have been carried out. The biological results clearly demonstrate that specific substituents located at the N(4)-position of the piperazine ring result in excellent in vitro inhibitory potency (IC(50) values ranging between 40 and 70 nM). Variable temperature NMR and modeling studies are consistent with the obtained biological data, since these studies confirmed that introduction at the N(4)-position of the piperazine ring allows productive interactions within the BACE-1 active site, which appear to be determinative for high BACE-1 inhibitory activity. These results are of particular interest since some of the new analogues belonging to the naphthyl series are almost one log more active than the best inhibitor of the similar family recently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédrik Garino
- INSERM U-623, IBDM, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Université de la Méditerranée, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
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24
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Seto S, Tanioka A, Ikeda M, Izawa S. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel 2-substituted-4-aryl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocin-5-ones as NK1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5717-32. [PMID: 15993086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 05/27/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel bicyclic pyrimidine derivatives was prepared as part of a search for NK1 antagonist aimed at the treatment of urinary incontinence. Among them, 3g, a pyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocine derivative, bearing a 4-acetylpiperazinyl group and a 2-methylphenyl group, was shown to have potent NK1 antagonist activity with a K(B) value of 0.105 nM and markedly increased the effective bladder capacity of guinea pigs (59.4% at 0.3 mg/kg iv and 62.8% at 3 mg/kg id). Furthermore, the effect of 3g on bladder function appeared to differ from that of tolterodine, another classical anti-pollakiuria agent, as determined by the distention-induced rhythmic bladder contraction assay using a urethane-anesthetized guinea pig model. Compound 3g is expected to be a promising agent for the treatment of urinary incontinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Seto
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 2399-1, Nogi, Nogi-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi 329-0114, Japan.
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25
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Blanco MM, Schapira CB, Levin G, Perillo IA. 1,6- and 1,7-naphthyridines. IV. Synthesis of hydroxycarboxamide derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570420404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Magri ML, Vanthuyne N, Roussel C, García MB, Orelli LR. Separation of atropisomeric 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium salts by chiral HPLC and determination of their enantiomerization barriers. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1069:203-8. [PMID: 15830946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chiral HPLC separation of a series of novel atropisomeric quaternary (1) and ternary (2) 1,2-disubstituted 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium salts bearing disymmetric aryl groups in positions 1 and/or 2 is described. A screening of different polysaccharide stationary phases (OD-R, OJ-R and AD-RH) and chromatographic conditions allowed for partial or baseline resolution of 16 over 26 compounds. When a semi-preparative separation was achieved, the corresponding enantiomerization barriers were determined employing the off-column method. The experimental data were compared inter se in order to establish the factors influencing the magnitude of the barriers and with those corresponding to the parent amidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Magri
- Umr 6180 Chirotechnologies: Catalyse et Biocatalyse, University Paul Cézanne, Aix-Marseille III, 13397 Marseille CEDEX 20, France
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27
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Shacham S, Marantz Y, Bar-Haim S, Kalid O, Warshaviak D, Avisar N, Inbal B, Heifetz A, Fichman M, Topf M, Naor Z, Noiman S, Becker OM. PREDICT modeling and in-silico screening for G-protein coupled receptors. Proteins 2005; 57:51-86. [PMID: 15326594 DOI: 10.1002/prot.20195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a major group of drug targets for which only one x-ray structure is known (the nondrugable rhodopsin), limiting the application of structure-based drug discovery to GPCRs. In this paper we present the details of PREDICT, a new algorithmic approach for modeling the 3D structure of GPCRs without relying on homology to rhodopsin. PREDICT, which focuses on the transmembrane domain of GPCRs, starts from the primary sequence of the receptor, simultaneously optimizing multiple 'decoy' conformations of the protein in order to find its most stable structure, culminating in a virtual receptor-ligand complex. In this paper we present a comprehensive analysis of three PREDICT models for the dopamine D2, neurokinin NK1, and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors. A shorter discussion of the CCR3 receptor model is also included. All models were found to be in good agreement with a large body of experimental data. The quality of the PREDICT models, at least for drug discovery purposes, was evaluated by their successful utilization in in-silico screening. Virtual screening using all three PREDICT models yielded enrichment factors 9-fold to 44-fold better than random screening. Namely, the PREDICT models can be used to identify active small-molecule ligands embedded in large compound libraries with an efficiency comparable to that obtained using crystal structures for non-GPCR targets.
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28
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Adler T, Bonjoch J, Clayden J, Font-Bardía M, Pickworth M, Solans X, Solé D, Vallverdú L. Slow interconversion of enantiomeric conformers or atropisomers of anilide and urea derivatives of 2-substituted anilines. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:3173-83. [PMID: 16106298 DOI: 10.1039/b507202f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Acylated 2-substituted anilines undergo slow Ar-N bond rotation, allowing in some cases isolation of enantiomeric or diastereoisomeric atropisomers and in others the determination of the rate of Ar-N bond rotation by NMR. 2-Iodoanilides bearing a branched N-substituent demonstrate sufficient enantiomeric stability to be resolvable, either by HPLC or by formation of diastereoisomeric lactanilide derivatives. For the first time, the rates of Ar-N rotation in 2-substituted N,N'-diarylureas have been established: they mainly fall in the region of 50-70 kJ mol(-1) with a relatively weak dependence on substituent size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Adler
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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29
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Clayden J, Lai LW, Helliwell M. Dynamic resolution of atropisomeric amides using proline-derived imidazolines and ephedrine-derived oxazolidines. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Amide-based atropisomers in tachykinin NK1-receptor antagonists: synthesis and antagonistic activity of axially chiral N-benzylcarboxamide derivatives of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,5]oxazocin-6-one. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Ohnmacht CJ, Albert JS, Bernstein PR, Rumsey WL, Masek BB, Dembofsky BT, Koether GM, Andisik DW, Aharony D. Naphtho[2,1-b][1,5] and [1,2-f][1,4]oxazocines as selective NK1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2653-69. [PMID: 15110847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2004] [Revised: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Previously we reported on the synthesis and properties of a series of highly potent piperidinyl 2-subsituted-3-cyano-1-naphthamide NK1 antagonists that includes 3 and 4. Here we report our efforts to alleviate a troublesome atropisomeric property of those derivatives by introduction of a tethering bridge that, in addition, could be used to lock the resulting cyclic derivatives in a purported NK1 pharmacophore conformation. Using 3 as a starting point, the naphtho[2,1-b][1,5]oxazocine, 17, was found to contain the optimal ring tether size (8) for retaining NK1 activity, was more NK1 versus NK2 selective, and reduced the number of atropisomers from four to two. Cyclic derivatives 29 and 32, which exist as essentially single atropisomers in the purported pharmacophore conformation, were prepared in the closely related naphtho[1,2-f][1,4]oxazocine series as part of an effort to use mono methyl substitution of the tethering bridge as a conformation stabilizing factor. Both 29 and 32 were found to be less active as NK1 antagonists than the non-methylated parent 28 possibly due to methyl group destabilization of receptor interaction. We discuss the above findings in the context of a previously proposed NK1 pharmacophore model and present a further refinement of that model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus J Ohnmacht
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, PO Box 15437, Wilmington, DE 19850-5437, USA.
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32
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Albert JS, Ohnmacht C, Bernstein PR, Rumsey WL, Aharony D, Alelyunas Y, Russell DJ, Potts W, Sherwood SA, Shen L, Dedinas RF, Palmer WE, Russell K. Structural Analysis and Optimization of NK1 Receptor Antagonists through Modulation of Atropisomer Interconversion Properties. J Med Chem 2003; 47:519-29. [PMID: 14736234 DOI: 10.1021/jm030197g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described a series of antagonists that showed high potency and selectivity for the NK(1) receptor. However, these compounds also had the undesirable property of existing as a mixture of interconverting rotational isomers. Here we show that alteration of the 2-naphthyl substituent can modulate the rate of isomer exchange. Comparisons of the NK(1) receptor affinity for the various conformational forms has facilitated the development of a detailed NK(1) pharmacophore model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Albert
- CNS Discovery Research, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, 1800 Concord Pike, P.O. Box 15437, Wilmington, Delaware 19850-5437, USA.
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33
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Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Gibson MS, Johnson AC, Venkova K, Sutkowski-Markmann D. NK1 receptor-mediated mechanisms regulate colonic hypersensitivity in the guinea pig. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003; 74:1005-13. [PMID: 12667916 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(03)00032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Neurokinin-1 (NK(1)) receptors activated by substance P (SP) are involved in the processing of nociceptive information and are a potential target for therapy of visceral pain. We have evaluated the role of NK(1) receptors using a selective antagonist of NK(1) receptors in two animal models of colorectal hypersensitivity. The behavioral response to colorectal distension was assessed in freely moving guinea pigs by recording visceromotor reflex contractions of the abdominal musculature. Colonic hypersensitivity was induced by intracolonic administration of a chemical irritant (0.6% of acetic acid), or by acute partial restraint stress. Sensitization was characterized by an exaggerated visceromotor response to a low level of colorectal distension (10 mm Hg). In both models of colonic hypersensitivity, oral administration of TAK-637 (0.1-10 mg/kg) normalized visceromotor responses. The intracerebroventricular (10 microg/kg) or intrathecal (10 microg/kg) administration of TAK-637 inhibited colonic hypersensitivity, suggesting an interaction with central NK(1) receptors. In contrast, TAK-637 had no effect on visceromotor responses to colorectal distension at 40 mm Hg in guinea pigs with normosensitive (nonsensitized) colons. In conclusion, central NK(1) receptors play a significant role in colonic hypersensitivity induced by visceral afferent nerve sensitization from gastrointestinal origin or acute psychosomatic stress, but not in the perception of colorectal distension in animals with normosensitive colons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
- Oklahoma Foundation for Digestive Research, Basic Science Laboratories, V.A. Medical Center, Research Administration Room 151, 921 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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34
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Palani A, Shapiro S, Clader JW, Greenlee WJ, Blythin D, Cox K, Wagner NE, Strizki J, Baroudy BM, Dan N. Biological evaluation and interconversion studies of rotamers of SCH 351125, an orally bioavailable CCR5 antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:705-8. [PMID: 12639563 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)01062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation and biological evaluation of rotamers as well as interconversion studies on rotamers of our clinical candidate SCH 351125 are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandan Palani
- Chemical Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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35
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McCombie SW, Tagat JR, Vice SF, Lin SI, Steensma R, Palani A, Neustadt BR, Baroudy BM, Strizki JM, Endres M, Cox K, Dan N, Chou CC. Piperazine-based CCR5 antagonists as HIV-1 inhibitors. III: synthesis, antiviral and pharmacokinetic profiles of symmetrical heteroaryl carboxamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:567-71. [PMID: 12565973 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The unsymmetrical nicotinamide-N-oxide moiety in compound 1 was replaced with symmetrical isonicotinamides as well as 4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine-5-carboxamides. Compound 16 from the latter set reduced the number of rotamers, improved potency of inhibiting UIV entry, slightly diminished the affinity for the muscarine receptors and showed very good oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart W McCombie
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, K-15-2B-2800, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
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36
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Koide H, Hata T, Uemura M. Asymmetric synthesis of axially chiral benzamides and anilides by enantiotopic lithiation of prochiral arene chromium complexes. J Org Chem 2002; 67:1929-35. [PMID: 11895413 DOI: 10.1021/jo011052p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral benzamides and anilides were prepared by enantiotopic lithiation at the distinguished benzylic methyl of prochiral tricarbonylchromium complexes of N,N-diethyl 2,6-dimethylbenzamide (1) and N-methyl-N-acyl 2,6-dimethylaniline (14 and 21) with a chiral lithium amide base followed by electrophilic substitution in good yields with high optical purity. The resulting axially chiral chromium-complexed benzamides and anilides were oxidized under air to give chromium-free axially chiral benzamides and anilides in an enantiomerically active form without axial bond rotation at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshige Koide
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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37
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Avalos M, Babiano R, Barneto JL, Bravo JL, Cintas P, Jiménez JL, Palacios JC. Can we predict the conformational preference of amides? J Org Chem 2001; 66:7275-82. [PMID: 11681938 DOI: 10.1021/jo0102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To what extent, if any, is the conformation of secondary amides revealed by theory? This question has now been addressed by computational methods using calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G level of theory and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Both gas-phase and solvent studies predict a Z-anti conformation to be the lowest in energy for an evaluated series of acetamides. Moreover, Z-anti conformations may also be inferred from the chemical shifts of the N-CH alpha protons determined by NMR spectroscopy. Thus, a proton situated anti to the N-H proton consistently appears approximately 0.8 ppm further downfield than a proton situated gauche to the N-H proton. This finding, which could only be derived by using the DFT calculations of conformational preference as a guide to interpret the NMR data, might prove to be useful as a simple and convenient methodology for establishing amide conformation experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Avalos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, E-06071 Badajoz, Spain
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38
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Le Bas MD, Gueret C, Emond P, Perrio C, Chalon S, Dhilly M, Dauphin F, Cliazalviel L, Tymciu S, Barré L, Guilloteau D, Lasne MC. Radioiodinated analogs of EP 00652218 for the exploration of the tachykinin NK1 receptor by spect. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580440198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Kondo K, Iida T, Fujita H, Suzuki T, Wakabayashi R, Yamaguchi K, Murakami Y. Further study of axial chirality due to an acyclic imide N–Ar bond: control of rotational barrier by electronic effects of acyl groups. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Linnanen T, Brisander M, Unelius L, Rosqvist S, Nordvall G, Hacksell U, Johansson AM. Atropisomeric derivatives of 2',6'-disubstituted (R)-11-phenylaporphine: selective serotonin 5-HT(7) receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2001; 44:1337-40. [PMID: 11311055 DOI: 10.1021/jm0108505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Linnanen
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Kondo K, Iida T, Fujita H, Suzuki T, Yamaguchi K, Murakami Y. A Chiral Axis due to an Acyclic Imide–Ar Bond: a Study of Steric Effects of Acyl Groups on Racemization. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Abstract
Axially chiral N,N-diethyl 2,6-disubstituted benzamides were stereo-selectively prepared utilizing planar chiral (arene)chromium complexes as an enantiomerically active form by following two methods. Ortho-lithiation of the enantiomerically pure planar chiral tricarbonyl(N,N-diethyl 2-methylbenzamide)chromium complex followed by electrophilic quenching gave axially chiral 2-methyl-6-substituted N,N-diethyl benzamide chromium complexes. Photo-oxidative demetalation produced the chromium-free axially chiral benzamides as optically active compounds. An alternative method for the preparation of axial chiral benzamides is an enantioselective lithiation at the benzylic methyl of meso tricarbonyl(N,N-diethyl 2,6-dimethylbenzamide)chromium with appropriate chiral lithium amide base followed by quenching with alkyl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Koide
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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43
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44
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Natsugari H, Ikeura Y, Kamo I, Ishimaru T, Ishichi Y, Fujishima A, Tanaka T, Kasahara F, Kawada M, Doi T. Axially chiral 1,7-naphthyridine-6-carboxamide derivatives as orally active tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonists: synthesis, antagonistic activity, and effects on bladder functions. J Med Chem 1999; 42:3982-93. [PMID: 10508446 DOI: 10.1021/jm990220r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic analogues of N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-7,8-dihydro-N, 7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxo-1,7-naphthyridine-6-carboxamide (1) having a 6-9-membered ring (6-9) were synthesized and evaluated for NK(1) antagonistic activities. The 8-membered ring compound with a beta-methyl group at the C((9))-position, (aR,9R)-7-[3, 5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-8,9,10, 11-tetrahydro-9-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7H-[1,4]diazocino[2,1-g] [1, 7]naphthyridine-6,13-dione [(aR,9R)-8b], was atropodiastereoselectively synthesized by cyclization of a chiral intermediate, 10g. On the other hand, the 7-membered ring compound with a beta-methyl group at the C((9))-position [(9S)-7b] was obtained as an equilibrium mixture of atropisomers with a ratio of ca. 3:2 in solution at room temperature (measured by NMR in CDCl(3)). Compounds (9S)-7b and (aR,9R)-8b exhibited excellent antagonistic activities both in vitro [IC(50) (inhibition of [(125)I]BH-SP binding in human IM-9 cells) = 0.28 and 0.45 nM, respectively] and in vivo (iv and po). Significantly, the in vitro activity of (aR, 9R)-8b was ca. 750-fold higher than that of its enantiomer (aS, 9S)-8b, ca. 40-fold higher than its atropisomer (aS,9R)-8b, and ca. 20-fold higher than its diastereomer (aR,9S)-8b. The structure-activity relationships in this series, along with the X-ray analysis of (aR,9R)-8b, indicated that the stereochemistry around the -C((6))(=O)-N((7))-CH(2)Ar moiety is important for NK(1) receptor recognition. The NK(1) antagonists showed effects on bladder functions in guinea pigs upon intravenous injection: i.e., the antagonists increased the shutdown time of distension-induced rhythmic bladder contractions and the bladder volume threshold, and the effects on the shutdown time were found to correlate well with the NK(1) antagonistic activities. Compound (aR,9R)-8b has been identified as a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of bladder function disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Natsugari
- Pharmaceutical Research Division and Technology Development Department, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., 2-17-85, Jusohonmachi, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan.
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45
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Chapter 6. Progress in the Development of Neurokinin Antagonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)60568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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