1
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Ansari MI, Healy JR, Hom K, Deschamps JR, Matsumoto RR, Coop A. Synthesis and Structural Elucidation of a Pyranomorphinan Opioid and in Vitro Studies. Org Lett 2018; 20:2984-2987. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Imran Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jason R. Healy
- West Virginia University, One Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Kellie Hom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6910, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Rae R. Matsumoto
- West Virginia University, One Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Touro University California, College of Pharmacy 1310 Club Drive, Vallejo, California 94592, United States
| | - Andrew Coop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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2
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Ida Y, Nemoto T, Hirayama S, Fujii H, Osa Y, Imai M, Nakamura T, Kanemasa T, Kato A, Nagase H. Synthesis of quinolinomorphinan-4-ol derivatives as δ opioid receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:949-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Insights into subtype selectivity of opioid agonists by ligand-based and structure-based methods. J Mol Model 2010; 17:477-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Hupp CD, Neumeyer JL. Rapid access to morphinones: removal of 4, 5-ether bridge with Pd-catalyzed triflate reduction. Tetrahedron Lett 2010; 51:2359-2361. [PMID: 20495617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic method for the removal of the 4, 5-bridged ether moiety of several opioids has been developed. This process offers a faster, simpler synthetic route to obtain the morphinone scaffold in high yields without the need for protection of the ketone moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Hupp
- Medicinal Chemistry Program, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478
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5
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Li F, Yin C, Chen J, Liu J, Xie X, Zhang A. [6,7]-heterocycle-fused 14-hydroxymorphinan derivatives: design, synthesis, and opioid receptor activity. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:2103-10. [PMID: 19847845 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 14-hydroxymorphinan analogues with a thiazole or imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole fragment as the heterocyclic function fused to ring C were designed and synthesized. These compounds can be viewed as the result of a direct modification at ring C of the 14-hydroxymorphinan scaffold. Among these compounds, three were identified as having potent binding affinity (approximately 1 nM) at both kappa and mu receptors, and acting as agonists at kappa and partial agonists or antagonists at mu receptors. In view of the promising results from studies on compounds with mixed kappa and mu receptor activities, these new compounds warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Li
- Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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6
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Li F, Yin C, Chen J, Liu J, Xie X, Zhang A. Synthesis and SAR study of opioid receptor ligands: mono- and bis-indolomorphinans. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 74:335-42. [PMID: 19691470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00849.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and bis-indolomorphinans were synthesized through a multi-step synthetic approach from the alkaloid, thebaine, to further explore the C-ring SAR (structure-activity relationship) of morphinan scaffold. Both mono-indoles displayed good binding affinity and selectivity for the delta receptor, with compound 6b possessed the highest K(i) value of 1.45 nm at this receptor. Bisindolomorphinans 7a,b did not have appreciable affinity for both delta and kappa receptors, but moderate binding at the mu receptor was observed. Functional assays indicated that the newly synthesized mono-indole 6b was delta-agonist, opposite to the delta-antagonist profile of naltrindole. Bisindoles 7a,b were mu-agonists. This work further confirms that the phenol component in opioids is essential for higher binding to the opioid receptors. The different binding ability, receptor selectivity, and the functional activity profiles of naltrindole 2, monoindole 6b, and bisindole 7b clearly indicated that they interact with the opioid receptors in different modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Li
- Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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7
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Synthesis and opioid receptor activity of indolopropellanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4603-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Ligand binding to nucleic acids and proteins: Does selectivity increase with strength? Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:2307-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Revised: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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3D Quantitative and Qualitative Structure-Activity Relationships of the δ -Opioid Receptor Antagonists. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.3.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Nemoto T, Fujii H, Sato N, Nagase H. Synthesis of a novel 4,6′-epoxymorphinan derivative and a highly strained novel conjugated ketone. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Metcalf MD, Coop A. 5'-halogenated analogs of oxymorphindole. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5916-7. [PMID: 17826993 PMCID: PMC2062523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Revised: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a 6,7-fused indole group in the indolomorphinans was considered to be responsible for the delta opioid selectivity for this class of ligands. Herein is shown that 5'-halogenated analogs of oxymorphindole are opioids with little selectivity for delta receptors over mu opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Metcalf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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12
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Smith TA, Thatcher LN, Coop A. 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyindolomorphinans as delta opioid selective ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5175-6. [PMID: 17659872 PMCID: PMC2030991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyindolomorphinans had variable delta opioid affinity and selectivity. Herein, we show that the 3,4-dimethoxy analogs possessed similar low affinity, whereas the 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy analogs showed excellent delta opioid affinity and selectivity comparable with the parent indolomorphinans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy A Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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13
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Zhang A, Li F, Ding C, Yao Q, Knapp BI, Bidlack JM, Neumeyer JL. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 6,7-indolo/thiazolo-morphinans--further SAR of levorphanol. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2747-51. [PMID: 17488103 DOI: 10.1021/jm0701674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To further extend the structure-activity relationships of levorphanol, two series of novel morphinans were prepared by incorporation of an indole or aminothiazole fragment to the hexyl ring (ring C) in levorphanol. Such morphinans differed from previously reported ligands in that such indole- or aminothiazole-containing morphinans displayed enhanced binding affinity to the delta opioid receptor, while the affinity to kappa and micro receptors was slightly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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14
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Duval RA, Allmon RL, Lever JR. Indium-Labeled Macrocyclic Conjugates of Naltrindole: High-Affinity Radioligands for In Vivo Studies of Peripheral δ Opioid Receptors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2144-56. [PMID: 17402725 DOI: 10.1021/jm0700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a series of hydrophilic indium-labeled DOTA and DO3A conjugates of naltrindole (NTI) that are suited to in vivo studies of peripheral delta opioid receptors. Indium(III) complexes, linked to the indole nitrogen of NTI by six- to nine-atom spacers, display high affinities (0.1-0.2 nM) and excellent selectivities for binding to delta sites in vitro. The [111In]-labeled complexes can be prepared in good isolated yields ( approximately 65%) with high specific radioactivities (>3300 mCi/mumol). The spacers serve as pharmacokinetic modifiers, and log D7.4 values range from -2.74 to -1.79. These radioligands exhibit a high level of specific binding (75-94%) to delta opioid receptors in mouse gut, heart, spleen, and pancreas in vivo. Uptakes of radioactivity are saturable by the non-radioactive complexes, inhibited by naltrexone, and blocked by NTI. Thus, these radiometal-labeled NTI analogues warrant further study by single-photon emission computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain A Duval
- Departments of Radiology and the Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
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15
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Bauman VT, Shul’ts EE, Shakirov MM, Tolstikov GA. Synthetic transformations of isoquinoline alkaloids. Synthesis of 1-halo derivatives of endo-ethenotetrahydrothebaine and their behavior in the heck reaction. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428007040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang Q, Keenan SM, Peng Y, Nair AC, Yu SJ, Howells RD, Welsh WJ. Discovery of novel triazole-based opioid receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4044-7. [PMID: 16821764 PMCID: PMC2693423 DOI: 10.1021/jm0601250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the computer-aided design, chemical synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel family of delta opioid receptor (DOR) antagonists containing a 1,2,4-triazole core structure that are structurally distinct from other known opioid receptor active ligands. Among those delta antagonists sharing this core structure, 8 exhibited strong binding affinity (K(i) = 50 nM) for the DOR and appreciable selectivity for delta over mu and kappa opioid receptors (delta/mu = 80; delta/kappa > 200).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - William J. Welsh
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: 732−235−3234. Fax: 732−235−3475. E-mail:
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17
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Wu H, Thatcher LN, Bernard D, Parrish DA, Deschamps JR, Rice KC, MacKerell AD, Coop A. Position of coordination of the lithium ion determines the regioselectivity of demethylations of 3,4-dimethoxymorphinans with L-selectride. Org Lett 2006; 7:2531-4. [PMID: 15957883 DOI: 10.1021/ol050433c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] L-Selectride is an efficient agent for the 3-O-demethylation of opioids and is known to cleave the least hindered methoxyl group in a molecule. The treatment of a 3,4-dimethoxymorphinan containing a 6-ketal with L-Selectride gave selective 4-O-demethylation, rather than cleavage of the less hindered 3-methoxyl. In contrast, a 3,4-dimethoxymorphinan lacking a 6-ketal gave selective 3-O-demethylation, suggesting that the regiochemistry of L-Selectride-mediated O-demethylation can be manipulated through altering the position of coordination of the lithium ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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18
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Poisnel G, Quentin T, Barré L, Coquerel A, Debruyne D. Competitive displacement binding assay on rat brain sections and using a beta-imager: application to mu-opioid ligands. J Neurosci Methods 2006; 154:60-7. [PMID: 16423409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new approach of competitive displacement binding assay using brain sections and a beta-imager is presented to estimate binding parameters such as affinity and selectivity of new compounds or to characterize receptor families or subtypes of receptors in small brain regions. This method includes a preliminary saturation assay intended to define the optimal concentration of displaceable radio-labeled ligand followed by the determination of displacement constants (IC(50) and K(i)) in cerebral regions rich in studied receptor. The technique application was demonstrated in seven rat brain structures, using displacement of the selective tritiated mu-opioid ligand [(3)H]-DAMGO by six opioid ligands: a specific agonist (DAMGO), less specific agonists (morphine, remifentanil), a non-specific antagonist with good affinity for mu receptors (naloxone) and ligands specific of other opioid subtypes (naltrindole, U50.488). Radioactivity counts were collected during 48 h. The assay-validation was performed by measuring intra- and inter-assay variation on determinations and by comparing presently obtained K(i) values with data from recognised methodologies. Both prove the accuracy of the proposed method.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Autoradiography/methods
- Beta Particles
- Binding, Competitive
- Brain/metabolism
- Diagnostic Imaging/methods
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacokinetics
- Histocytochemistry
- Isotope Labeling
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Tritium
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Poisnel
- UMR CEA-2-FRE-CNRS 2698 Research group, Center Cyceron, Caen, France.
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19
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Synthesis and opioid receptor binding properties of a highly potent 4-hydroxy analogue of naltrexone. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:2107-10. [PMID: 15808478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Revised: 02/09/2005] [Accepted: 02/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Very high affinity for opioid receptors (e.g., K(i)=0.052nM for mu) has been observed in the rationally designed naltrexone analogue 5. SAR and physical data supports the hypothesis that the 4-OH group of 5 stabilizes the 3-carboxamido group in the putative bioactive conformation.
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20
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Peng Y, Keenan SM, Zhang Q, Kholodovych V, Welsh WJ. 3D-QSAR Comparative Molecular Field Analysis on Opioid Receptor Antagonists: Pooling Data from Different Studies. J Med Chem 2005; 48:1620-9. [PMID: 15743203 DOI: 10.1021/jm049117e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models were constructed using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) on a series of opioid receptor antagonists. To obtain statistically significant and robust CoMFA models, a sizable data set of naltrindole and naltrexone analogues was assembled by pooling biological and structural data from independent studies. A process of "leave one data set out", similar to the traditional "leave one out" cross-validation procedure employed in partial least squares (PLS) analysis, was utilized to study the feasibility of pooling data in the present case. These studies indicate that our approach yields statistically significant and highly predictive CoMFA models from the pooled data set of delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptor antagonists. All models showed excellent internal predictability and self-consistency: q(2) = 0.69/r(2) = 0.91 (delta), q(2) = 0.67/r(2) = 0.92 (mu), and q(2) = 0.60/r(2) = 0.96 (kappa). The CoMFA models were further validated using two separate test sets: one test set was selected randomly from the pooled data set, while the other test set was retrieved from other published sources. The overall excellent agreement between CoMFA-predicted and experimental binding affinities for a structurally diverse array of ligands across all three opioid receptor subtypes gives testimony to the superb predictive power of these models. CoMFA field analysis demonstrated that the variations in binding affinity of opioid antagonists are dominated by steric rather than electrostatic interactions with the three opioid receptor binding sites. The CoMFA steric-electrostatic contour maps corresponding to the delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptor subtypes reflected the characteristic similarities and differences in the familiar "message-address" concept of opioid receptor ligands. Structural modifications to increase selectivity for the delta over mu and kappa opioid receptors have been predicted on the basis of the CoMFA contour maps. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) together with the CoMFA models should find utility for the rational design of subtype-selective opioid receptor antagonists.
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MESH Headings
- Least-Squares Analysis
- Ligands
- Models, Molecular
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/chemistry
- Narcotic Antagonists
- Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
- Receptors, Opioid/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Static Electricity
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Peng
- Department of Pharmacology and the Informatics Institute of UMDNJ, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (UMDNJ-RWJMS), Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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21
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Grundt P, Martinez-Bermejo F, Lewis JW, Husbands SM. Opioid binding and in vitro profiles of a series of 4-hdroxy-3-methoxyindolomorphinans. Transformation of a delta-selective ligand into a high affinity kappa-selective ligand by introduction of a 5,14-substituted bridge. J Med Chem 2003; 46:3174-7. [PMID: 12825957 DOI: 10.1021/jm030801n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In investigation of the effects of 14-substitution in the indolomorphinan series of delta-selective opioid ligands, 5,14-bridged indolomorphinans (4) were prepared from the equivalent dihydrothebainone acid-catalyzed rearrangement products of the dihydrothevinols. Though the new ligands generally had low affinity for opioid receptors and no delta-selectivity, 4b had high kappa-affinity and substantial selectivity which was also seen in the precursor morphinanone (3b). This indicates that the methylbenzylidene-substituted bridge in these compounds is a dominant kappa-opioid receptor binding motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grundt
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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22
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Schütz J, Dersch CM, Horel R, Spetea M, Koch M, Meditz R, Greiner E, Rothman RB, Schmidhammer H. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 14-alkoxymorphinans. 17. Highly delta opioid receptor selective 14-alkoxy-substituted indolo- and benzofuromorphinans. J Med Chem 2002; 45:5378-83. [PMID: 12431065 DOI: 10.1021/jm020940p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
14-Alkoxy analogues of naltrindole and naltriben differently substituted in positions 5 and 17 and at the indole nitrogen (compounds 28-44) have been synthesized in an effort to enhance the delta potency and/or delta selectivity and in order to further elaborate on structure-activity relationships of this class of compounds. Introduction of a 14-alkoxy instead of the 14-hydroxy group present in naltrindole resulted in somewhat lower delta binding affinity, while in many cases (compounds 31, 34, 37, 40, 41, 44, HS 378) the delta receptor selectivity was considerably increased. An ethoxy group in position 14 is superior to other alkoxy groups concerning delta affinity and selectivity (34, 41, 42, 44, HS 378). In [35S]GTP gamma S binding, compounds 34, 41, and HS 378 exhibited about one-tenth the antagonist potency of naltrindole at delta opioid receptors while their delta antagonist selectivity was considerably higher. 17-Methyl-substituted compounds 35 and 44 were found to be pure delta receptor agonists in this test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schütz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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23
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Yu H, Prisinzano T, Dersch CM, Marcus J, Rothman RB, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Synthesis and biological activity of 8beta-substituted hydrocodone indole and hydromorphone indole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:165-8. [PMID: 11755345 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The 8beta-unsubstituted and substituted analogues of hydrocodone indole and hydromorphone indole were synthesized and their binding affinities to opioid receptors were determined. Introduction of an 8beta-methyl group into the indolomorphinan nucleus increased affinity at all opioid receptors. 6,7-Dehydro-4,5alpha-epoxy-8beta-methyl-6,7,2',3'-indolomorphinan (9) was found to be a delta antagonist with subnanomolar affinity (0.7 nM) for the delta-opioid receptor, and to have good delta-selectivity (mu/delta=322).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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24
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Ullrich T, Dersch CM, Rothman RB, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Derivatives of 17-(2-methylallyl)-substituted noroxymorphone: variation of the delta address and its effects on affinity and selectivity for the delta opioid receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2883-5. [PMID: 11597422 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to establish the importance of the N-(2-methylallyl) substituent in the noroxymorphone series, several derivatives have been synthesized, retaining that N-substituent and modifying the delta address moiety. A few compounds showed moderate binding affinity and selectivity for the delta receptor; none displayed a pharmacological profile as exceptional as N-(2-methylallyl)noroxymorphindole. A second study showed that 3-O-methylation of all derivatives decreases binding affinity. The present results indicate that only a combination of the N-(2-methylallyl) group and an indole delta address provided high selectivity for the delta receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ullrich
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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25
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McLamore S, Ullrich T, Rothman RB, Xu H, Dersch C, Coop A, Davis P, Porreca F, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Effect of N-alkyl and N-alkenyl substituents in noroxymorphindole, 17-substituted-6,7-dehydro-4,5alpha-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-6,7:2',3'-indolomorphinans, on opioid receptor affinity, selectivity, and efficacy. J Med Chem 2001; 44:1471-4. [PMID: 11311071 DOI: 10.1021/jm000511w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The N-alkyl analogues (N-ethyl through N-heptyl), branched N-alkyl chain analogues (N-isopropyl, N-2-methylpropyl, and N-3-methylbutyl), and N-alkenyl analogues ((E)-N-3-methylallyl (crotyl), N-2-methylallyl, and N-3,3-dimethylallyl) were prepared in the noroxymorphindole series (17-substituted-6,7-dehydro-4,5alpha-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-6,7:2',3'-indolomorphinans), and the effect of the N-substituent on opioid receptor affinity, selectivity, and efficacy was examined using receptor binding assays, [(35)S]GTPgammaS efficacy determinations, and smooth muscle functional assays (electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens and guinea pig ileum). All of the compounds acted as opioid antagonists, including those with N-substituents which usually confer either weak agonist-antagonist behavior (N-ethyl) or potent opioid agonist activity (N-pentyl) in morphinan-like ligands which interact with the mu-receptor. Several N-substituted noroxymorphindoles were found to be more mu/delta-selective than naltrindole (NTI). The N-2-methylallylnoroxymorphindole, in particular, was found to be more selective than NTI in receptor binding assays (mu/delta = 1700 vs 120; kappa/delta = 810 vs 140), as an antagonist in the GTPgammaS assay (mu/delta = 170 vs 140; kappa/delta = 620 vs 160), and considerably more selective than NTI in the functional assays (mu/delta > 2200 vs 90). It also had high affinity for the delta-opioid receptor (K(i) = 4.7 nM in the binding assay) and high antagonist potency (1.2 nM in the GTPgammaS assay; 8.9 nM in the MVD assay).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding, Competitive
- Electric Stimulation
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Guinea Pigs
- Ileum/drug effects
- Ileum/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Mice
- Morphinans/chemical synthesis
- Morphinans/chemistry
- Morphinans/metabolism
- Morphinans/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Narcotic Antagonists
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Vas Deferens/drug effects
- Vas Deferens/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- S McLamore
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Building 8, Room B1-23, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0815, USA
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26
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Abstract
Recently, in an attempt to isolate the nonopioid sigma receptor, Su and colleagues purified a protein from rat liver and brain which appeared to resemble the original sigma opioid receptor as proposed by Martin in 1976, and for which the nonopiate sigma-1 ligand (+)pentazocine presents a high affinity. Previous in vivo electrophysiological studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that several selective sigma-1 ligands potentiate the neuronal response to NMDA. The goal of the present series of experiments was to assess the effects of some selective sigma-1 ligands on the potentiation of the NMDA response and to determine if this potentiation was mediated by the naloxone-sensitive sigma receptor. Extracellular unitary recordings from pyramidal neurons of the CA3 region of the rat dorsal hippocampus were obtained. The sigma-1 ligands BD 737, L 687-384, and JO-1784 (igmesine), administered intravenously at low doses, potentiated the NMDA response but the opiate antagonist naloxone failed to reverse this potentiation. However, the potentiation of the NMDA response induced by the sigma-1 ligand (+)pentazocine was suppressed by naloxone but not by the mu antagonist cyprodime hydrobomide, the kappa antagonist DIPPA nor by the delta antagonist naltrindole. (+/-) Cyclazocine, which presents a high affinity for the above-mentioned sigma-opiate receptor acted as an antagonist by suppressing the potentiation of the NMDA response induced by both JO-1784 and (+)pentazocine. These results suggest that the effects induced by some sigma-1 ligands may, in fact, be sensitive to naloxone while others may not. The original classification of sigma receptors as opiates might have been partly accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Couture
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Coop A, Jacobson AE, Aceto MD, Harris LS, Traynor JR, Woods JH, Rice KC. N-Cyclohexylethyl-N-noroxymorphindole: a mu-opioid preferring analogue of naltrindole. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2449-51. [PMID: 11078198 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The position of the indole in the indolomorphinans, which includes the delta opioid antagonist naltrindole, is considered to be responsible for the delta opioid selectivity for this class of ligands. Herein is described the N-cyclohexylethyl substituted N-nor-derivative, which is shown to be mu preferring. Thus, the nature of the N-substituent is equally important to the receptor selectivity for this class of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore 21201, USA.
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28
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Maeda DY, Coop A. Studies into the Direct Conversion of Indolomorphinans to their 4-Phenolic Derivatives. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Hutchinson AC, Simpson GR, Randall JF, Zhang X, Calderon SN, Rice KC, Riley AL. Assessment of SNC 80 and naltrindole within a conditioned taste aversion design. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2000; 66:779-87. [PMID: 10973516 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(00)00278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although compounds with relative selectivity for the mu and kappa opiate receptors subtypes have been reported to condition taste aversions, it is not known whether systemically administered delta compounds have the ability to produce aversions. To that end, female Long-Evans rats were adapted to water deprivation and were given pairings of a novel saccharin solution and various doses of the selective delta agonist SNC 80 (0.32-10.0 mg/kg; Experiment 1) or the selective delta antagonist naltrindole (1.0-18.0 mg/kg; Experiment 2). For comparison, the relatively selective mu agonist morphine (Experiment 1) and mu antagonist naloxone (Experiment 2) were assessed under identical conditions. Both SNC 80 (Experiment 1) and naltrindole (Experiment 2) were effective as unconditioned stimuli within this design, inducing dose-dependent taste aversions with repeated conditioning trials. Although at no dose did animals injected with SNC 80 differ from those injected with morphine, aversions induced by SNC 80 were acquired at a faster rate than those induced by morphine. Subjects injected with naloxone drank significantly less than those injected with naltrindole at the 10 mg/kg dose, and aversions induced by naloxone at 5.6 and 10 mg/kg were acquired at a faster rate than those induced by naltrindole. Although the basis for opioid agonist- and antagonist-induced taste aversions is not known, the differences between aversions induced by SNC 80 and naltrindole and those induced by morphine and naloxone, respectively, may be a function of their relative selectivity for specific opiate receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Hutchinson
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
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30
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Coop A, Pinto J, Wang L, McCullough K, Rothman RB, Dersch C, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Delta opioid binding selectivity of 3-ether analogs of naltrindole. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:3435-8. [PMID: 10617086 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Masking of the 3-phenol of naltrindole as a range of ethers caused a decrease in binding affinity at all three opiate receptors (mu, kappa, delta), however for the methyl ether, the reduction in affinity at both mu and kappa was greater than at delta, thereby increasing delta binding selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coop
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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