1
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Konishi A, Horii K, Iwasa H, Okada Y, Kishi R, Nakano M, Yasuda M. Characterization of Benzo[a]naphtho[2,3-f]pentalene: Interrelation between Open-shell and Antiaromatic Characters Governed by Mode of the Quinoidal Subunit and Molecular Symmetry. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1553-1561. [PMID: 33861497 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The singlet open-shell character and antiaromaticity are intriguing features in π-conjugated carbocycles. These two exhibit similar chemical and physical properties. However, they rarely coexist in the same molecule. Understanding the interrelation between the open-shell and antiaromatic characteristics in the same molecule is crucial to control the electronic properties. Herein we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new member of diareno[a,f]pentalene, benzo[a]naphtho[2,3-f]pentalene 6. Unlike its isomer 5 with a closed-shell ground state, 6 exhibits an appreciable open-shell character and a moderate antiaromatic feature. The behaviors of the open-shell index (y0 ) against the difference of the proton chemical signal (Δδ(H1 )) between pentalenide dianions/neutral pentalenes for our reported pentalenes 1, 4, 5, and 6 give a thought-provoking conclusion about the interrelation between open-shell and antiaromatic characteristics in this series. The mode of the incorporated quinoidal moiety and the formal molecular symmetry are critical to balance these two characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koki Horii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruna Iwasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yui Okada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (QIQB-OTRI), Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (QIQB-OTRI), Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.,Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Chandra A, Jana K, Moorthy JN. One-Pot Synthesis of 4-Carboalkoxy-Substituted Benzo[ h]coumarins from α- and β-Naphthols and Their Excited-State Properties. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:207-218. [PMID: 31956767 PMCID: PMC6963932 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis has been developed for 4-carboethoxybenzo[h]coumarins starting from α-/β-naphthols. Accordingly, diverse 4-carboethoxybenzocoumarins can be synthesized in moderate-to-excellent (31-75%) isolated yields. The synthesis involves initial oxidation of naphthols to the intermediary 1,2-naphthoquinones with 2-iodoxybenzoic acid followed by a cascade of reactions, namely, Wittig olefination, Michael addition, β-elimination, and cyclization. Furthermore, we have comprehensively investigated the excited-state properties of differently substituted 4-carboalkoxybenzo[h]coumarins. It is shown that they exhibit low to high fluorescence quantum yields (1-36%) and excited-state lifetimes (ca. 1-7 ns) depending on the substitution pattern and solvent employed.
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lempenauer
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRSInstitut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 Parc Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 France
| | - Gilles Lemière
- Sorbonne Université, CNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Elisabet Duñach
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRSInstitut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 Parc Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 France
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4
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Fukuda T, Nanjo Y, Fujimoto M, Yoshida K, Natsui Y, Ishibashi F, Okazaki F, To H, Iwao M. Lamellarin-inspired potent topoisomerase I inhibitors with the unprecedented benzo[g][1]benzopyrano[4,3-b]indol-6(13H)-one scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:265-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Fukuda T, Matsuoka F, Matsuo Y, Yoshioka N, Onodera G, Kimura M, Ishibashi F, Iwao M. Synthesis and Evaluation of Topoisomerase I Inhibitors Possessing the 5,13-Dihydro-6H-benzo[6,7]indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-one Scaffold. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-s(f)70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Dilly S, Fotso Fotso A, Lejal N, Zedda G, Chebbo M, Rahman F, Companys S, Bertrand HC, Vidic J, Noiray M, Alessi MC, Tarus B, Quideau S, Riteau B, Slama-Schwok A. From Naproxen Repurposing to Naproxen Analogues and Their Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7202-7217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Dilly
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris Saclay University, UMR8200 CNRS, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Aurélien Fotso Fotso
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Lejal
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Gloria Zedda
- Bordeaux University, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255), 33405 Talence, France
| | - Mohamad Chebbo
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Fryad Rahman
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Simon Companys
- Bordeaux University, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255), 33405 Talence, France
| | | | - Jasmina Vidic
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Magali Noiray
- Paris Sud University, Paris Saclay University, UMS IPSIT, Intermol, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Bogdan Tarus
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Béatrice Riteau
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Anny Slama-Schwok
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris Saclay University, UMR8200 CNRS, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
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7
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Johnson MM, Ngwira KJ, Rousseau AL, Lemmerer A, de Koning CB. Novel methodology for the synthesis of the benz[a]anthracene skeleton of the angucyclines using a Suzuki-Miyaura/isomerization/ring closing metathesis strategy. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Uematsu K, Noguchi K, Nakano K. Synthesis and properties of [7]helicene and [7]helicene-like compounds with a cyclopenta[1,2-b:4,3-b′]dithiophene or dithieno[2,3-b:3′,2′-d]heterole skeleton. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:3286-3295. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06342c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of [7]helicene and [7]helicene-like compounds composed of a cyclopenta[1,2-b:4,3-b′]dithiophene or dithieno[2,3-b:3′,2′-d]heterole moiety and two naphthalene moieties were successfully synthesized from a common synthetic intermediate, 1,1′-binaphtho[2,1-b]thiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Uematsu
- Department of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Tokyo 184-8588
- Japan
| | - K. Noguchi
- Instrumentation Analysis Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Tokyo 184-8588
- Japan
| | - K. Nakano
- Department of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Tokyo 184-8588
- Japan
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9
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Bauch M, Krtitschka A, Linker T. Photooxygenation of oxygen-substituted naphthalenes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Bauch
- Chemistry Department; University of Potsdam; Golm Germany
| | | | - Torsten Linker
- Chemistry Department; University of Potsdam; Golm Germany
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10
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Takahashi I, Hayashi M, Fujita T, Ichikawa J. Brønsted Acid-catalyzed Tandem Cycloaromatization of Naphthalene-based Bisacetals: Selective Synthesis of ortho-Fused Six-hexagon Benzenoids. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.161122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Fujita T, Takahashi I, Hayashi M, Wang J, Fuchibe K, Ichikawa J. Facile Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Dehydrative Cycloaromatization of Carbonyl Compounds in 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropan-2-ol. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fujita
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Ikko Takahashi
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Masaki Hayashi
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Jingchen Wang
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kohei Fuchibe
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Junji Ichikawa
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 305-8571 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
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12
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Kataria A, Trasande L, Trachtman H. The effects of environmental chemicals on renal function. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015; 11:610-25. [PMID: 26100504 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among individuals of all ages. Despite advances in proteomics, genomics and metabolomics, there remains a lack of safe and effective drugs to reverse or stabilize renal function in patients with glomerular or tubulointerstitial causes of CKD. Consequently, modifiable risk factors that are associated with a progressive decline in kidney function need to be identified. Numerous reports have documented the adverse effects that occur in response to graded exposure to a wide range of environmental chemicals. This Review summarizes the effects of such chemicals on four aspects of cardiorenal function: albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure and serum uric acid concentration. We focus on compounds that individuals are likely to be exposed to as a consequence of normal consumer activities or medical treatment, namely phthalates, bisphenol A, polyfluorinated alkyl acids, dioxins and furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environmental exposure to these chemicals during everyday life could have adverse consequences on renal function and might contribute to progressive cumulative renal injury over a lifetime. Regulatory efforts should be made to limit individual exposure to environmental chemicals in an attempt to reduce the incidence of cardiorenal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anglina Kataria
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Howard Trachtman
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
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13
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Morales P, Blasco-Benito S, Andradas C, Gómez-Cañas M, Flores JM, Goya P, Fernández-Ruiz J, Sánchez C, Jagerovic N. Selective, nontoxic CB(2) cannabinoid o-quinone with in vivo activity against triple-negative breast cancer. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2256-64. [PMID: 25671648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a subtype of breast cancer characterized by high aggressiveness. There is no current targeted therapy for these patients whose prognosis, as a group, is very poor. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a potent antitumor agent in vivo for this type of breast cancer designed as a combination of quinone/cannabinoid pharmacophores. This new compound (10) has been selected from a series of chromenopyrazolediones with full selectivity for the nonpsychotropic CB2 cannabinoid receptor and with efficacy in inducing death of human TNBC cell lines. The dual concept quinone/cannabinoid was supported by the fact that compound 10 exerts antitumor effect by inducing cell apoptosis through activation of CB2 receptors and through oxidative stress. Notably, it did not show either cytotoxicity on noncancerous human mammary epithelial cells nor toxic effects in vivo, suggesting that it may be a new therapeutic tool for the management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC , Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Sota Y, Yamamoto M, Murai M, Uenishi J, Uemura M. Gold(I)-catalyzed asymmetric desymmetrization of meso-alkynyl diols and kinetic resolution of the corresponding DL-diols: effects of celite filtration and silver salts. Chemistry 2015; 21:4398-404. [PMID: 25643908 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric desymmetrization of meso-2-alkynylbenzenediols through the use of a combination of axially chiral diphosphine(AuCl)2 precatalysts and silver salt co-catalysts gave optically active isochromene compounds with high enantioselectivities in good yields. The corresponding DL-diol isomers underwent efficient kinetic resolution to give the cyclized isochromenes and recovered diols with high enantioselectivities under similar conditions. The high reactivity and selectivity in the desymmetrization of the meso-diols is independent of the combination of axially chiral diphosphine(AuCl)2 precatalyst and silver salt co-catalyst, whereas the corresponding tricarbonylchromium complexes of alkynylbenzenediols were affected by the combination of the diphosphine(AuCl)2 and silver salt. The reactivity was largely dependent on the nature of the gold(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Sota
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412 (Japan)
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15
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Rao MLN, Dhanorkar RJ. Atom-economic threefold cross-couplings of triarylbismuth reagents with 2-halobenzaldehydes and pot-economic in situ Wittig functionalizations with phosphonium salts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13348j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Tarus B, Bertrand H, Zedda G, Di Primo C, Quideau S, Slama-Schwok A. Structure-based design of novel naproxen derivatives targeting monomeric nucleoprotein of Influenza A virus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1899-912. [PMID: 25333630 PMCID: PMC4548311 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.979230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The nucleoprotein (NP) binds the viral RNA genome as oligomers assembled with the polymerase in a ribonucleoprotein complex required for transcription and replication of influenza A virus. Novel antiviral candidates targeting the nucleoprotein either induced higher order oligomers or reduced NP oligomerization by targeting the oligomerization loop and blocking its insertion into adjacent nucleoprotein subunit. In this study, we used a different structure-based approach to stabilize monomers of the nucleoprotein by drugs binding in its RNA-binding groove. We recently identified naproxen as a drug competing with RNA binding to NP with antiinflammatory and antiviral effects against influenza A virus. Here, we designed novel derivatives of naproxen by fragment extension for improved binding to NP. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that among these derivatives, naproxen A and C0 were most promising. Their chemical synthesis is described. Both derivatives markedly stabilized NP monomer against thermal denaturation. Naproxen C0 bound tighter to NP than naproxen at a binding site predicted by MD simulations and shown by competition experiments using wt NP or single-point mutants as determined by surface plasmon resonance. MD simulations suggested that impeded oligomerization and stabilization of monomeric NP is likely to be achieved by drugs binding in the RNA grove and inducing close to their binding site conformational changes of key residues hosting the oligomerization loop as observed for the naproxen derivatives. Naproxen C0 is a potential antiviral candidate blocking influenza nucleoprotein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Tarus
- a Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique , Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy en Josas , France
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17
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Murai M, Hosokawa N, Roy D, Takai K. Bismuth-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) with a Phenanthrene Backbone via Cyclization and Aromatization of 2-(2-Arylphenyl)vinyl Ethers. Org Lett 2014; 16:4134-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5018273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Murai
- Division
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science
and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosokawa
- Division
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science
and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - David Roy
- Division
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science
and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takai
- Division
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science
and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Research
Center of New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage
and Transport, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- ACT-C, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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18
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Murai M, Sota Y, Onohara Y, Uenishi J, Uemura M. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Induction of Planar Chirality by Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition to Chromium-Complexed Alkynylarenes: Asymmetric Synthesis of Planar Chiral (1H-Isochromene and 1,2-Dihydroisoquinoline)chromium Complexes. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10986-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Murai
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yumi Sota
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yu̅ki Onohara
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Jun’ichi Uenishi
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Motokazu Uemura
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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19
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Zhang L, Huang M, Blair IA, Penning TM. Interception of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione by UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) in human lung cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1570-8. [PMID: 24047243 PMCID: PMC3829198 DOI: 10.1021/tx400268q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental and tobacco
carcinogens. Proximate carcinogenic PAH trans-dihydrodiols
are activated by human aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) to yield electrophilic
and redox-active o-quinones. Interconversion among
benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-7,8-dione,
a representative PAH o-quinone, and its corresponding
catechol generates a futile redox-cycle with the concomitant production
of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We investigated whether glucuronidation
of B[a]P-7,8-catechol by human UDP glucuronosyltransferases
(UGTs) could intercept the catechol in three different human lung
cells. RT-PCR showed that UGT1A1, 1A3, and 2B7 were only expressed
in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The corresponding recombinant
UGTs were examined for their kinetic constants and product profile
using B[a]P-7,8-catechol as a substrate. B[a]P-7,8-dione was reduced to B[a]P-7,8-catechol
by dithiothreitol under anaerobic conditions and then further glucuronidated
by the UGTs in the presence of uridine-5′-diphosphoglucuronic
acid as a glucuronic acid group donor. UGT1A1 catalyzed the glucuronidation
of B[a]P-7,8-catechol and generated two isomeric O-monoglucuronsyl-B[a]P-7,8-catechol products
that were identified by RP-HPLC and by LC-MS/MS. By contrast, UGT1A3
and 2B7 catalyzed the formation of only one monoglucuronide, which
was identical to that formed in A549 cells. The kinetic profiles of
three UGTs followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics. On the basis
of the expression levels of UGT1A3 and UGT2B7 and the observation
that a single monoglucuronide was produced in A549 cells, we suggest
that the major UGT isoforms in A549 cells that can intercept B[a]P-7,8-catechol are UGT1A3 and 2B7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and ‡Center for Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, United States
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20
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Huang M, Blair IA, Penning TM. Identification of stable benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione-DNA adducts in human lung cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:685-92. [PMID: 23587017 PMCID: PMC3660951 DOI: 10.1021/tx300476m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Metabolic
activation of the proximate carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol (B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol) by aldo-keto
reductases (AKRs) leads to B[a]P-7,8-dione that is
both electrophilic and redox-active. B[a]P-7,8-dione
generates reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative DNA damage
in human lung cells. However, information on the formation of stable
B[a]P-7,8-dione-DNA adducts in these cells is lacking.
We studied stable DNA adduct formation of B[a]P-7,8-dione
in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, human bronchoalveolar H358
cells, and immortalized human bronchial epithelial HBEC-KT cells.
After treatment with 2 μM B[a]P-7,8-dione,
the cellular DNA was extracted from the cell pellets subjected to
enzyme hydrolysis and subsequent analysis by LC-MS/MS. Several stable
DNA adducts of B[a]P-7,8-dione were only detected
in A549 and HBEC-KT cells. In A549 cells, the structures of stable
B[a]P-7,8-dione-DNA adducts were identified as hydrated-B[a]P-7,8-dione-N2-2′-deoxyguanosine
and hydrated-B[a]P-7,8-dione-N1-2′-deoxyguanosine.
In HBEC-KT cells, the structures of stable B[a]P-7,8-dione-DNA
adducts were identified as hydrated-B[a]P-7,8-dione-2′-deoxyadenosine,
hydrated-B[a]P-7,8-dione-N1- or N3-2′-deoxyadenosine,
and B[a]P-7,8-dione-N1- or N3-2′-deoxyadenosine.
In each case, adduct structures were characterized by MSn spectra. Adduct structures were also compared to
those synthesized from reactions of B[a]P-7,8-dione
with either deoxyribonucleosides or salmon testis DNA in vitro but were found to be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, United States
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Toyoshima T, Yoshida S, Watanabe S. Synthesis of an alkylthio-substituted dibenz[a,j]anthracene with improved solubility via the oxidative photocyclization of 1,3-distyrylbenzene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Wu A, Xu D, Lu D, Penning TM, Blair IA, Harvey RG. Synthesis of 13C4-labelled oxidized metabolites of the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[ a]pyrene. Tetrahedron 2012; 68:10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.130. [PMID: 24244053 PMCID: PMC3826453 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that are implicated in causing lung cancer. BaP is a component of tobacco smoke that is transformed enzymatically to active forms that interact with DNA. We reported previously development of a sensitive stable isotope dilution LC/MS method for analysis of BaP metabolites. We now report efficient syntheses of 13C4-BaP and the complete set of its 13C4-labelled oxidized metabolites needed as internal standards They include the metabolites not involved in carcinogenesis (Group A) and the metabolites implicated in initiation of cancer (Group B). The synthetic approach is novel, entailing use of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki, Sonogashira, and Hartwig cross-coupling reactions combined with PtCl2-catalyzed cyclization of acetylenic compounds. This synthetic method requires fewer steps, employs milder conditions, and product isolation is simpler than conventional methods of PAH synthesis. The syntheses of 13C4-BaP and 13C4-BaP-8-ol each require only four steps, and the 13C-atoms are all introduced in a single step. 13C4-BaP-8-ol serves as the synthetic precursor of all the oxidized metabolites of 13C-BaP implicated in initiation of cancer. The isotopic purities of the synthetic 13C4-BaP metabolites were estimated to be ≥99.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhui Wu
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Daiwang Xu
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Ding Lu
- The Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- The Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ian A. Blair
- The Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ronald G. Harvey
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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Zhang L, Huang M, Blair IA, Penning TM. Detoxication of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione by sulfotransferases (SULTs) in human lung cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:29909-20. [PMID: 22782890 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.386052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are environmental and tobacco carcinogens. Human aldo-keto reductases catalyze the metabolic activation of proximate carcinogenic PAH trans-dihydrodiols to yield electrophilic and redox-active o-quinones. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione a representative PAH o-quinone is reduced back to the corresponding catechol to generate a futile redox-cycle. We investigated whether sulfonation of PAH catechols by human sulfotransferases (SULT) could intercept the catechol in human lung cells. RT-PCR identified SULT1A1, -1A3, and -1E1 as the isozymes expressed in four human lung cell lines. The corresponding recombinant SULTs were examined for their substrate specificity. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione was reduced to benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol by dithiothreitol under anaerobic conditions and then further sulfonated by the SULTs in the presence of 3'-[(35)S]phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate as the sulfonate group donor. The human SULTs catalyzed the sulfonation of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol and generated two isomeric benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol O-monosulfate products that were identified by reversed phase HPLC and by LC-MS/MS. The various SULT isoforms produced the two isomers in different proportions. Two-dimensional (1)H and (13)C NMR assigned the two regioisomers of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol monosulfate as 8-hydroxy-benzo[a]pyrene-7-O-sulfate (M1) and 7-hydroxy-benzo[a]pyrene-8-O-sulfate (M2), respectively. The kinetic profiles of three SULTs were different. SULT1A1 gave the highest catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) and yielded a single isomeric product corresponding to M1. By contrast, SULT1E1 showed distinct substrate inhibition and formed both M1 and M2. Based on expression levels, catalytic efficiency, and the fact that the lung cells only produce M1, it is concluded that the major isoform that can intercept benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol is SULT1A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, USA
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24
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Vigato P, Peruzzo V, Tamburini S. Acyclic and cyclic compartmental ligands: Recent results and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Huang M, Liu X, Basu SS, Zhang L, Kushman ME, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Metabolism and distribution of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (B[a]P-7,8-dione) in human lung cells by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: detection of an adenine B[a]P-7,8-dione adduct. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:993-1003. [PMID: 22480306 DOI: 10.1021/tx200463s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (B[a]P-7,8-dione) is produced in human lung cells by the oxidation of (±)-B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol, which is catalyzed by aldo-keto reductases (AKRs). However, information relevant to the cell-based metabolism of B[a]P-7,8-dione is lacking. We studied the metabolic fate of 2 μM 1,3-[(3)H(2)]-B[a]P-7,8-dione in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, human bronchoalveolar H358 cells, and immortalized human bronchial epithelial HBEC-KT cells. In these three cell lines, 1,3-[(3)H(2)]-B[a]P-7,8-dione was rapidly consumed, and radioactivity was distributed between the organic and aqueous phase of ethyl acetate-extracted media, as well as in the cell lysate pellets. After acidification of the media, several metabolites of 1,3-[(3)H(2)]-B[a]P-7,8-dione were detected in the organic phase of the media by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-radioactivity monitoring (HPLC-UV-RAM). The structures of B[a]P-7,8-dione metabolites varied in the cell lines and were identified as B[a]P-7,8-dione conjugates with glutathione (GSH) and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), 8-O-monomethylated-catechol, catechol monosulfate, and monoglucuronide, and monohydroxylated-B[a]P-7,8-dione by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We also obtained evidence for the first time for the formation of an adenine adduct of B[a]P-7,8-dione. Among these metabolites, the identity of the GSH-B[a]P-7,8-dione and the NAC-B[a]P-7,8-dione was further validated by comparison to authentic synthesized standards. The pathways of B[a]P-7,8-dione metabolism in the three human lung cell lines are formation of GSH and NAC conjugates, reduction to the catechol followed by phase II conjugation reactions leading to its detoxification, monohydroxylation, as well as formation of the adenine adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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26
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Shultz CA, Quinn AM, Park JH, Harvey RG, Bolton JL, Maser E, Penning TM. Specificity of human aldo-keto reductases, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, and carbonyl reductases to redox-cycle polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diones and 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:2153-66. [PMID: 21910479 DOI: 10.1021/tx200294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are suspect human lung carcinogens and can be metabolically activated to remote quinones, for example, benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-dione (B[a]P-1,6-dione) and B[a]P-3,6-dione by the action of either P450 monooxygenase or peroxidases, and to non-K region o-quinones, for example B[a]P-7,8-dione, by the action of aldo keto reductases (AKRs). B[a]P-7,8-dione also structurally resembles 4-hydroxyequilenin o-quinone. These three classes of quinones can redox cycle, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and produce the mutagenic lesion 8-oxo-dGuo and may contribute to PAH- and estrogen-induced carcinogenesis. We compared the ability of a complete panel of human recombinant AKRs to catalyze the reduction of PAH o-quinones in the phenanthrene, chrysene, pyrene, and anthracene series. The specific activities for NADPH-dependent quinone reduction were often 100-1000 times greater than the ability of the same AKR isoform to oxidize the cognate PAH-trans-dihydrodiol. However, the AKR with the highest quinone reductase activity for a particular PAH o-quinone was not always identical to the AKR isoform with the highest dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activity for the respective PAH-trans-dihydrodiol. Discrete AKRs also catalyzed the reduction of B[a]P-1,6-dione, B[a]P-3,6-dione, and 4-hydroxyequilenin o-quinone. Concurrent measurements of oxygen consumption, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide formation established that ROS were produced as a result of the redox cycling. When compared with human recombinant NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and carbonyl reductases (CBR1 and CBR3), NQO1 was a superior catalyst of these reactions followed by AKRs and last CBR1 and CBR3. In A549 cells, two-electron reduction of PAH o-quinones causes intracellular ROS formation. ROS formation was unaffected by the addition of dicumarol, suggesting that NQO1 is not responsible for the two-electron reduction observed and does not offer protection against ROS formation from PAH o-quinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Shultz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Zhang L, Jin Y, Chen M, Huang M, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Detoxication of structurally diverse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) o-quinones by human recombinant catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) via O-methylation of PAH catechols. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:25644-54. [PMID: 21622560 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.240739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are environmental and tobacco carcinogens. Metabolic activation of intermediate PAH trans-dihydrodiols by aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) leads to the formation of electrophilic and redox-active o-quinones. We investigated whether O-methylation by human recombinant soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (S-COMT) is a feasible detoxication step for a panel of structurally diverse PAH-catechols produced during the redox-cycling process. Classes of PAH non-K-region o-quinones (bay region, methylated bay region, and fjord region o-quinones) produced by AKRs were employed in the studies. PAH o-quinones were reduced to the corresponding catechols by dithiothreitol under anaerobic conditions and then further O-methylated by human S-COMT in the presence of S-[³H]adenosyl-l-methionine as a methyl group donor. The formation of the O-methylated catechols was detected by HPLC-UV coupled with in-line radiometric detection, and unlabeled products were also characterized by LC-MS/MS. Human S-COMT was able to catalyze O-methylation of all of the PAH-catechols and generated two isomeric metabolites in different proportions. LC-MS/MS showed that each isomer was a mono-O-methylated metabolite. ¹H NMR was used to assign the predominant positional isomer of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol as the O-8-monomethylated catechol. The catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) varied among different classes of PAH-catechols by 500-fold. The ability of S-COMT to produce two isomeric products from PAH-catechols was rationalized using the crystal structure of the enzyme. We provide evidence that O-8-monomethylated benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-catechol is formed in three different human lung cell lines. It is concluded that human S-COMT may play a critical role in the detoxication of PAH o-quinones generated by AKRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Duschek A, Kirsch SF. 2-Iodoxybenzoic Acid-A Simple Oxidant with a Dazzling Array of Potential Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1524-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Duschek A, Kirsch SF. 2-Iodoxybenzoesäure - ein einfaches Oxidationsmittel mit einer Vielfalt an Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Mamada M, Kumaki D, Nishida JI, Tokito S, Yamashita Y. Novel semiconducting quinone for air-stable n-type organic field-effect transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:1303-1307. [PMID: 20397645 DOI: 10.1021/am1001794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quinones are promising moieties for n-type organic semiconductors due to their high electron affinity. Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-4,8-dione derivative with a quinone moiety have been synthesized, characterized, and used as active layer of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). This derivative has deep LUMO level, leading to efficient charge-carrier injection and air stability. In addition, it forms a columnar structure with efficient intermolecular pi-pi and horizontal direction interactions, leading to high electron mobilities. In fact, OFET devices fabricated here showed good n-type characteristics, where the electron mobility was 0.15 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) under vacuum conditions and above 0.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mamada
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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31
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Nesnow S, Nelson G, Padgett WT, George MH, Moore T, King LC, Adams LD, Ross JA. Lack of contribution of covalent benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-quinone-DNA adducts in benzo[a]pyrene-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:157-65. [PMID: 20346927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a potent human and rodent lung carcinogen. This activity has been ascribed in part to the formation of anti-trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydroB[a]P-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts. Other carcinogenic mechanisms have been proposed: (1) the induction of apurinic sites from radical cation processes, and (2) the metabolic formation of B[a]P-7,8-quinone (BPQ) that can form covalent DNA adducts or reactive oxygen species which can damage DNA. The studies presented here sought to examine the role of stable BPQ-DNA adducts in B[a]P-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis. Male strain A/J mice were injected intraperitoneally once with BPQ or trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydroB[a]P (BP-7,8-diol) at 30, 10, 3, or 0mg/kg. Lungs and livers were harvested after 24h, the DNA extracted and subjected to (32)P-postlabeling analysis. Additional groups of mice were dosed once with BPQ or BP-7,8-diol each at 30 mg/kg and tissues harvested 48 and 72 h later, or with B[a]P (50mg/kg, a tumorigenic dose) and tissues harvested 72 h later. No BPQ or any other DNA adducts were observed in lung or liver tissues 24, 48, or 72 h after the treatment with 30 mg/kg BPQ. BP-7,8-diol gave BPDE-DNA adducts at all time points in both tissues and B[a]P treatment gave BPDE-DNA adducts in the lung. In each case, no BPQ-DNA adducts were detected. Mouse body weights significantly decreased over time after BPQ or BP-7,8-diol treatments suggesting that systemic toxicity was induced by both agents. Model studies with BPQ and N-acetylcysteine suggested that BPQ is rapidly inactivated by sulfhydryl-containing compounds and not available for DNA adduction. We conclude that under these treatment conditions BPQ does not form stable covalent DNA adducts in the lungs or livers of strain A/J mice, suggesting that stable BPQ-covalent adducts are not a part of the complex of mechanisms involved in B[a]P-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Nesnow
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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Wu A, Duan Y, Xu D, Penning TM, Harvey RG. Regiospecific oxidation of polycyclic aromatic phenols to quinones by hypervalent iodine reagents. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:2111-2118. [PMID: 24014894 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The hypervalent iodine reagents o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) and bis(trifluoro-acetoxy)iodobenzene (BTI) are shown to be general reagents for regio-controlled oxidation of polycyclic aromatic phenols (PAPs) to specific isomers (ortho, para, or remote) of polycyclic aromatic quinones (PAQs). The oxidations of a series of PAPs with IBX take place under mild conditions to furnish the corresponding ortho-PAQs. In contrast, oxidations of the same series of PAPs with BTI exhibit variable regiospecificity, affording para-PAQs where structurally feasible and ortho-PAQs or remote PAQ isomers in other cases. The structures of the specific PAQ isomers formed are predictable on the basis of the inherent regioselectivities of the hypervalent iodine reagents in combination with the structural requirements of the phenol precursors. IBX and BTI are recommended as the preferred reagents for regio-controlled oxidation of PAPs to PAQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhui Wu
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, Gordon Center for Integrative Sciences, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Room W308, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Park JH, Mangal D, Frey AJ, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor facilitates DNA strand breaks and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine formation by the aldo-keto reductase product benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:29725-34. [PMID: 19726680 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.042143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) o-quinones produced by aldo-keto reductases are ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) (Burczynski, M. E., and Penning, T. M. (2000) Cancer Res. 60, 908-915). They induce oxidative DNA lesions (reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA strand breaks and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo) formation) in human lung cells. We tested whether the AhR enhances PAH o-quinone-mediated oxidative DNA damage by translocating these ligands to the nucleus. Using the single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay to detect DNA strand breaks in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells and its AhR- and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-deficient variants, benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (B[a]P-7,8-dione) produced fewer DNA strand breaks in AhR-deficient cells compared with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-deficient and wild type Hepa1c1c7 cells. Decreased DNA strand breaks were also observed in human bronchoalveolar H358 cells in which the AhR was silenced by siRNA. The antioxidant alpha-tocopherol and the iron chelator/antioxidant desferal decreased the formation of B[a]P-7,8-dione-mediated DNA strand breaks indicating that they were reactive oxygen species-dependent. By coupling the comet assay to 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (hOGG1), which excises 8-oxo-Gua, strand breaks dependent upon this lesion were measured. hOGG1 treatment produced more DNA single strand breaks in B[a]P-7,8-dione-treated Hepa cells and H358 cells than in its absence. The levels of hOGG1-dependent DNA strand breaks mediated by B[a]P-7,8-dione were lower in AhR-deficient Hepa and AhR knockdown H358 cells. The AhR antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone also attenuated B[a]P-7,8-dione-mediated DNA strand breaks. The decrease in 8-oxo-dGuo levels in AhR-deficient Hepa cells and AhR knockdown H358 cells was validated by immunoaffinity capture stable isotope dilution ([(15)N(5)]8-oxo-dGuo) liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry. We conclude that the AhR shuttles PAH o-quinone genotoxins to the nucleus and enhances oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Heum Park
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA
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Zhang Y, Song G, Ma G, Zhao J, Pan CL, Li X. 1,3-Dinitrone Pincer Complexes of Palladium and Nickel: Synthesis, Structural Characterizations, and Catalysis. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900009h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoyong Song
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoyuan Ma
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ling Pan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingwei Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
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Quinn AM, Harvey RG, Penning TM. Oxidation of PAH trans-dihydrodiols by human aldo-keto reductase AKR1B10. Chem Res Toxicol 2009; 21:2207-15. [PMID: 18788756 DOI: 10.1021/tx8002005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AKR1B10 has been identified as a potential biomarker for human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma and as a tobacco exposure and response gene. AKR1B10 functions as an efficient retinal reductase in vitro and may regulate retinoic acid homeostasis. However, the possibility that this enzyme is able to activate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) trans-dihydrodiols to form reactive and redox-active o-quinones has not been investigated to date. AKR1B10 was found to oxidize a wide range of PAH trans-dihydrodiol substrates in vitro to yield PAH o-quinones. Reactions of AKR1B10 proceeded with improper stereochemistry, since it was specific for the minor (+)-benzo[a]pyrene-7S,8S-dihydrodiol diastereomer formed in vivo. However, AKR1B10 displayed reasonable activity in the oxidation of both the (-)-R,R and (+)-S,S stereoisomers of benzo[g]chrysene-11,12-dihydrodiol and oxidized the potentially relevant, albeit minor, (+)-benz[a]anthracene-3S,4S-dihydrodiol metabolite. We find that AKR1B10 is therefore likely to play a contributing role in the activation of PAH trans-dihydrodiols in human lung. AKR1B10 retinal reductase activity was confirmed in vitro and found to be 5- to 150-fold greater than the oxidation of PAH trans-dihydrodiols examined. AKR1B10 was highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, and robust retinal reductase activity was measured in lysates of these cells. The much greater catalytic efficiency of retinal reduction compared to PAH trans-dihydrodiol metabolism suggests AKR1B10 may play a greater role in lung carcinogenesis through dysregulation of retinoic acid homeostasis than through oxidation of PAH trans-dihydrodiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Quinn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA
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Li A, DeSchepper DJ, Klumpp DA. Triflic acid promoted synthesis of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhang T, Yang Q, Shi H, Chi L. A Simple and Efficient Process for the Preparation of 1,6-Dimethoxynaphthalene. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op800285t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiusheng Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huixian Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
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Magano J, Acciacca A, Akin A, Collman BM, Conway B, Waldo M, Chen MH, Mennen KE. The Synthesis of a Dopamine D2 Partial Agonist for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op800307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Magano
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Alison Acciacca
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Anne Akin
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Benjamin M. Collman
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Brian Conway
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Michael Waldo
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Michael H. Chen
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Kenneth E. Mennen
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
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Xu D, Penning TM, Blair IA, Harvey RG. Synthesis of phenol and quinone metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogenic component of tobacco smoke implicated in lung cancer. J Org Chem 2009; 74:597-604. [PMID: 19132942 PMCID: PMC3418794 DOI: 10.1021/jo801864m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants produced in the combustion of organic matter. PAHs are present in automobile exhaust and tobacco smoke, and they have recently been designated as human carcinogens. Current evidence indicates that PAHs are activated enzymatically to mutagenic metabolites that interact with DNA. There is evidence for three pathways of activation: the diol epoxide path, the radical-cation path, and the quinone path. The relative importance of these paths for human lung cancer has not been established. We now report syntheses of the principal phenol and quinone isomers of the prototype PAH carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BP) that are known or are suspected to be formed as metabolites of BP in human bronchoalveolar cells. The methods of synthesis were designed to be adaptable to the preparation of the (13)C-labeled analogues of the BP metabolites. These compounds are needed as standards for sensitive LC-MS/MS methods for analysis of BP metabolites formed in lung cells. Efficient novel syntheses of the 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-BP phenols and the BP 1,6-, 3,6-, 6,12-, and 9,10-quinones are now reported. The syntheses of the BP phenols (except 6-HO-BP) involve the key steps of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of a naphthalene boronate ester with a substituted aryl bromide or triflate ester. The BP quinones were synthesized from the corresponding BP phenols by direct oxidation with the hypervalent iodine reagents IBX or TBI. These reagents exhibited different regiospecificities. IBX oxidation of the 7- and 9-BP phenols provided the ortho-quinone isomers (BP 7,8- and 9,10-diones, respectively), whereas TBI oxidation of the 1-, 3-, and 12-BP phenols furnished BP quinone isomers with carbonyl functions in separate rings (BP 1,6-, 3,6-, and 6,12-diones, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiwang Xu
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- The Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ian A. Blair
- The Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ronald G. Harvey
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
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Sun C, Xu B. A Tandem Elimination−Cyclization−Suzuki Approach: Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Functionalized (Z)-3-(Arylmethylene)isoindolin-1-ones. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7361-4. [PMID: 18698822 DOI: 10.1021/jo801219j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Ran C, Xu D, Dai Q, Penning TM, Blair IA, Harvey RG. Synthesis of 13C 2-Benzo[ a]pyrene and its 7,8-Dihydrodiol and 7,8-Dione Implicated as Carcinogenic Metabolites. Tetrahedron Lett 2008; 49:4531-4533. [PMID: 24155502 PMCID: PMC3804341 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of the 13C2-labelled analogues of the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene and its active metabolites are described. The method entails Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of a naphthalene boronic acid with 2-bromobenzene-1,3-dialdehyde followed by Wittig reaction of the product with 13CH2=PPh3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhao Ran
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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Park JH, Mangal D, Tacka KA, Quinn AM, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Evidence for the aldo-keto reductase pathway of polycyclic aromatic trans-dihydrodiol activation in human lung A549 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:6846-51. [PMID: 18474869 PMCID: PMC2383938 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0802776105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are tobacco carcinogens implicated in the causation of human lung cancer. Metabolic activation is a key prerequisite for PAHs to cause their deleterious effects. Using human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells, we provide evidence for the metabolic activation of (+/-)-trans-7,8dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol) by aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) to yield benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (B[a]P-7,8-dione), a redox-active o-quinone. We show that B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol (AKR substrate) and B[a]P-7,8-dione (AKR product) lead to the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (measured as an increase in dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluores-cence) and that similar changes were not observed with the regioisomer (+/-)-trans-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene or the diol-epoxide, (+/-)-anti-7,8-dihydroxy-9alpha,10beta-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-B[a]P. B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol and B[a]P-7,8-dione also caused a decrease in glutathione levels and an increase in NADP(+)/NADPH ratios, with a concomitant increase in single-strand breaks (as measured by the comet assay) and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo). The specificity of the comet assay was validated by coupling it to human 8-oxo-guanine glycosylase (hOGG1), which excises 8-oxo-Gua to yield single-strand breaks. The levels of 8-oxo-dGuo observed were confirmed by an immunoaffinity purification stable isotope dilution ([(15)N(5)]-8-oxo-dGuo) liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MRM/MS) assay. B[a]P-7,8-trans-dihydrodiol produced DNA strand breaks in the hOGG1-coupled comet assay as well as 8-oxo-dGuo (as measured by LC-ESI/MRM/MS) and was enhanced by a catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor, suggesting that COMT protects against o-quinone-mediated redox cycling. We conclude that activation of PAH-trans-dihydrodiols by AKRs in lung cells leads to ROS-mediated genotoxicity and contributes to lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dipti Mangal
- Center for Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084; and
| | - Kirk A. Tacka
- *Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and
| | - Amy M. Quinn
- *Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and
| | - Ronald G. Harvey
- The Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Ian A. Blair
- *Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and
- Center for Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084; and
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- *Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and
- Center for Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084; and
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Park JH, Gelhaus S, Vedantam S, Oliva AL, Batra A, Blair IA, Troxel AB, Field J, Penning TM. The pattern of p53 mutations caused by PAH o-quinones is driven by 8-oxo-dGuo formation while the spectrum of mutations is determined by biological selection for dominance. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:1039-49. [PMID: 18489080 PMCID: PMC2671329 DOI: 10.1021/tx700404a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are suspect lung cancer carcinogens that must be metabolically converted into DNA-reactive metabolites. P4501A1/P4501B1 plus epoxide hydrolase activate PAH to (+/-)- anti-benzo[ a]pyrene diol epoxide ((+/-)- anti-BPDE), which causes bulky DNA adducts. Alternatively, aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) convert intermediate PAH trans-dihydrodiols to o-quinones, which cause DNA damage by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). In lung cancer, the types or pattern of mutations in p53 are predominantly G to T transversions. The locations of these mutations form a distinct spectrum characterized by single point mutations in a number of hotspots located in the DNA binding domain. One route to the G to T transversions is via oxidative DNA damage. An RP-HPLC-ECD assay was used to detect the formation of 8-oxo-dGuo in p53 cDNA exposed to representative quinones, BP-7,8-dione, BA-3,4-dione, and DMBA-3,4-dione under redox cycling conditions. Concurrently, a yeast reporter system was used to detect mutations in the same cDNA samples. Nanomolar concentrations of PAH o-quinones generated 8-oxo-dGuo (detected by HPLC-ECD) in a concentration dependent manner that correlated in a linear fashion with mutagenic frequency. By contrast, micromolar concentrations of (+/-)- anti-BPDE generated (+)- trans- anti-BPDE-N (2)-dGuo adducts (detected by stable-isotope dilution LC/MS methodology) in p53 cDNA that correlated in a linear fashion with mutagenic frequency, but no 8-oxo-dGuo was detected. Previous studies found that mutations observed with PAH o-quinones were predominately G to T transversions and those observed with (+/-)- anti-BPDE were predominately G to C transversions. However, mutations at guanine bases observed with either PAH-treatment occurred randomly throughout the DNA-binding domain of p53. Here, we find that when the mutants were screened for dominance, the dominant mutations clustered at or near hotspots primarily at the protein-DNA interface, whereas the recessive mutations are scattered throughout the DNA binding domain without resembling the spectra observed in cancer. These observations, if extended to mammalian cells, suggest that mutagenesis can drive the pattern of mutations but that biological selection for dominant mutations drives the spectrum of mutations observed in p53 in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Heum Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Centers for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA
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Friebolin W, Jannack B, Wenzel N, Furrer J, Oeser T, Sanchez CP, Lanzer M, Yardley V, Becker K, Davioud-Charvet E. Antimalarial Dual Drugs Based on Potent Inhibitors of Glutathione Reductase from Plasmodium falciparum. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1260-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jm7009292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Friebolin
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Beate Jannack
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Nicole Wenzel
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Julien Furrer
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Thomas Oeser
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Cecilia P. Sanchez
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Vanessa Yardley
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Katja Becker
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
| | - Elisabeth Davioud-Charvet
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Hygiene Institut, Abt. Parasitologie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Department of Infections and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K., Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
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Shultz CA, Palackal NT, Mangal D, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Fjord-region benzo[g]chrysene-11,12-dihydrodiol and benzo[c]phenanthrene-3,4-dihydrodiol as substrates for rat liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (AKR1C9): structural basis for stereochemical preference. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:668-77. [PMID: 18251511 DOI: 10.1021/tx7003695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that benzo[g]chrysene-11,12-dihydrodiol (B[g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol) derived from the fjord-region parent hydrocarbon B[g]C is oxidized by rat AKR1C9 with a k c a t/ K m 100 times greater than that observed with the commonly studied bay-region benzo[ a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol (B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol). Conversely, despite its strikingly similar structure to B[ g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol, benzo[ c]phenanthrene-3,4-dihydrodiol (B[ c]Ph-3,4-dihydrodiol) is consumed by AKR1C9 at sluggish rates comparable to those observed with B[ a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol. CD spectroscopy revealed that only the (+)-B[ g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol stereoisomer was oxidized, while AKR1C9 oxidized both stereoisomers of B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol and B[ c]Ph-3,4-dihydrodiol. The (+)- S, S- and (-)- R, R-stereoisomers of B[g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol were purified by chiral RP-HPLC. The 11 S,12 S-stereoisomer was oxidized at the same rate as the racemate. The 11 R,12 R-stereoisomer did not act as an inhibitor to AKR1C9, indicating that the (-)- R, R-stereoisomer was excluded from the active site. To understand the basis of stereochemical preference, we screened alanine-scanning mutants of active site residues of AKR1C9. These studies revealed that in comparison to the wild type, F129A, W227A, and Y310A enabled the oxidation of both the B[g]C-11 S,12 S-dihydrodiol and the B[g]C-11 R,12 R-dihydrodiol. Molecular modeling revealed that unlike B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol and B[ c]Ph-3,4-dihydrodiol, B[g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol enantiomers are significantly bent out of plane. As a consequence, the (-)- R, R-stereoisomer was prevented from binding to the active site because of unfavorable interactions with F129, W227, or Y310. Additionally, LC/MS validated that the product of the reaction of B[g]C-11,12-dihydrodiol oxidation catalyzed by AKR1C9 was B[g]C-11,12-dione, which was trapped in vitro with the nucleophile 2-mercaptoethanol. The similarity between rates of trans-dihydrodiol oxidation by the rat and human liver specific AKRs (AKR1C9 and AKR1C4) implicate these enzymes in hepatocarcinogenesis in rats observed with the fjord-region PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Shultz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Shie TL, Lin CH, Lin SL, Yang DY. Synthesis of 1,1,3-Trisubstituted Naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione Derivatives as Potential Redox Switches. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Jiang H, Gelhaus SL, Mangal D, Harvey RG, Blair IA, Penning TM. Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in human bronchoalveolar H358 cells using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 20:1331-41. [PMID: 17702526 PMCID: PMC2423818 DOI: 10.1021/tx700107z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[ a]pyrene (B[ a]P), a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is metabolically activated by three enzymatic pathways: by peroxidases (e.g., cytochrome P450 peroxidase) to yield radical cations, by P4501A1/1B1 monooxygenation and epoxide hydrolase to yield diol epoxides, and by P4501A1/1B1 monooxygenation, epoxide hydrolase, and aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) to yield o-quinones. In humans, a major exposure site for environmental and tobacco smoke PAH is the lung; however, the profile of B[ a]P metabolites formed at this site has not been well characterized. In this study, human bronchoalveolar H358 cells were exposed to B[ a]P, and metabolites generated by peroxidase (B[ a]P-1,6- and B[ a]P-3,6-diones), from cytochrome P4501A1/1B1 monooxygenation [3-hydroxy-B[ a]P, B[ a]P-7,8- and 9,10- trans-dihydrodiols, and B[ a]P- r-7, t-8, t-9, c-10-tetrahydrotetrol (B[ a]P-tetraol-1)], and from AKRs (B[ a]P-7,8-dione) were detected and quantified by RP-HPLC, with in-line photo-diode array and radiometric detection, and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Progress curves showed a lag phase in the formation of 3-hydroxy-B[ a]P, B[ a]P-7,8- trans-dihydrodiol, B[ a]P-tetraol-1, and B[ a]P-7,8-dione over 24 h. Northern blot analysis showed that B[ a]P induced P4501B1 and AKR1C isoforms in H358 cells in a time-dependent manner, providing an explanation for the lag phase. Pretreatment of H358 cells with 10 nM 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) eliminated this lag phase but did not alter the levels of the individual metabolites observed, suggesting that both B[ a]P and TCDD induction ultimately yield the same B[ a]P metabolic profile. The one exception was B[ a]P-3,6-dione which was formed without a lag phase in the absence and presence of TCDD, suggesting that the peroxidase responsible for its formation was neither P4501A1 nor 1B1. Candidate peroxidases that remain include PGH synthases and uninduced P450 isoforms. This study shows that the P4501A1/1B1 and AKR pathways are inducible in human lung cells and that the peroxidase pathway was not. It also provides evidence that each of the pathways of PAH activation yields their distinctive metabolites in H358 human lung cells and that each pathway may contribute to the carcinogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, USA
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Lozan V, Hunger J, Kersting B. Preparation and characterization of dinuclear palladium tetraamin–thiophenolate complexes coligated by bridging acetate and acetamidate units. Inorganica Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shen YM, Troxel AB, Vedantam S, Penning TM, Field J. Comparison of p53 mutations induced by PAH o-quinones with those caused by anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide in vitro: role of reactive oxygen and biological selection. Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:1441-50. [PMID: 17112231 PMCID: PMC2366885 DOI: 10.1021/tx0601206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are one of the major carcinogens in tobacco smoke. They are metabolically activated through different routes to form either diol-epoxides, PAH o-quinones, or radical cations, each of which has been proposed to be an ultimate carcinogen. To study how PAH metabolites mutate p53, we used a yeast reporter gene assay based on p53 transcriptional activity. Colonies expressing wt p53 turn white (ADE +) and those expressing mutant p53 turn red (ADE -). We examined the mutagenicity of three o-quinones, benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione, benz[a]anthracene-3,4-dione, and dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-3,4-dione, and compared them with (+/-)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide ((+/-)-anti-BPDE) within the same system. The PAH o-quinones tested gave a dose-dependent increase in mutation frequency in the range of 0.160-0.375 microM quinone, provided redox-cycling conditions were used. The dominant mutations were G to T transversions (>42%), and the incidence of hotspot mutations in the DNA-binding domain was more than twice than that expected by a random distribution. The dependence of G to T transversions on redox cycling implicates 8-oxo-dGuo as the lesion responsible, which is produced under identical conditions (Chem. Res. Toxicol. (2005) 18, 1027). A dose-dependent mutation frequency was also observed with (+/-)-anti-BPDE but at micromolar concentrations (0-20 microM). The mutation pattern observed was G to C (63%) > G to A (18%) > G to T (15%) in umethylated p53 and was G to A (39%) > G to C (34%) > G to T (16%) in methylated p53. The preponderance of G mutations is consistent with the formation of anti-BPDE-N2-dGuo as the major adduct. The frequency of hotspots mutated by (+/-)-anti-BPDE was essentially random in umethylated and methylated p53, suggesting that 5'-CpG-3' islands did not direct mutations in the assay. These data suggest that smoking may cause mutations in p53 by formation of PAH o-quinones, which produce reactive oxygen species. The resultant 8-oxo-dGuo yields a pattern of mutations but not a spectrum consistent with that seen in lung cancer; we suggest that the emergence of the spectrum requires biological selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084 USA
| | - Andrea B. Troxel
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084 USA
| | - Srilakshmi Vedantam
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084 USA
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084 USA
| | - Jeffrey Field
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084 USA
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