1
|
Maruoka H, Masumoto E, Nagabuchi H, Kashige N, Okabe-Nakahara F, Miake F, Yamagata K. Synthesis and DNA Cleavage Activity of Novel Spiro[cyclobutathiazole-4,4’-pyrazole] Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-s(f)34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
2
|
Bhaduri S, Ranjan N, Arya DP. An overview of recent advances in duplex DNA recognition by small molecules. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1051-1086. [PMID: 29977379 PMCID: PMC6009268 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the carrier of genetic information, the DNA double helix interacts with many natural ligands during the cell cycle, and is amenable to such intervention in diseases such as cancer biogenesis. Proteins bind DNA in a site-specific manner, not only distinguishing between the geometry of the major and minor grooves, but also by making close contacts with individual bases within the local helix architecture. Over the last four decades, much research has been reported on the development of small non-natural ligands as therapeutics to either block, or in some cases, mimic a DNA–protein interaction of interest. This review presents the latest findings in the pursuit of novel synthetic DNA binders. This article provides recent coverage of major strategies (such as groove recognition, intercalation and cross-linking) adopted in the duplex DNA recognition by small molecules, with an emphasis on major works of the past few years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli 122003, India
| | - Dev P Arya
- NUBAD, LLC, 900B West Faris Rd., Greenville 29605, SC, USA.,Clemson University, Hunter Laboratory, Clemson 29634, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maruoka H, Shirouzu E, Masumoto E, Okabe-Nakahara F, Yamagata K. One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole-2,3-pyrroledicarboxylic Acid 2,3-Diesters. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-13844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
4
|
Secondary Metabolites from Higher Fungi. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 106 2017; 106:1-201. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59542-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
5
|
Simeonov SP, Nunes JPM, Guerra K, Kurteva VB, Afonso CAM. Synthesis of Chiral Cyclopentenones. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5744-893. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500504w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svilen P. Simeonov
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str, bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - João P. M. Nunes
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Krassimira Guerra
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanya B. Kurteva
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str, bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiao Z, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Strategies for the Optimization of Natural Leads to Anticancer Drugs or Drug Candidates. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:32-91. [PMID: 26359649 PMCID: PMC4679534 DOI: 10.1002/med.21377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have made significant contribution to cancer chemotherapy over the past decades and remain an indispensable source of molecular and mechanistic diversity for anticancer drug discovery. More often than not, natural products may serve as leads for further drug development rather than as effective anticancer drugs by themselves. Generally, optimization of natural leads into anticancer drugs or drug candidates should not only address drug efficacy, but also improve absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiles and chemical accessibility associated with the natural leads. Optimization strategies involve direct chemical manipulation of functional groups, structure-activity relationship directed optimization and pharmacophore-oriented molecular design based on the natural templates. Both fundamental medicinal chemistry principles (e.g., bioisosterism) and state-of-the-art computer-aided drug design techniques (e.g., structure-based design) can be applied to facilitate optimization efforts. In this review, the strategies to optimize natural leads to anticancer drugs or drug candidates are illustrated with examples and described according to their purposes. Furthermore, successful case studies on lead optimization of bioactive compounds performed in the Natural Products Research Laboratories at UNC are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smith LK, Baxendale IR. Total syntheses of natural products containing spirocarbocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:9907-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01524c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The spiro motif is becoming an increasingly prevalent structure in medicinal and organic chemistry. The total syntheses of natural products containing all-carbon spirocycles is reviewed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Masumoto E, Maruoka H, Okabe F, Fujioka T, Yamagata K. A Divergent Synthesis of Spiropyrazole Derivatives Containing Iminolactone and/or Cyclic Imide Moiety. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Masumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Fukuoka University; Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maruoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Fukuoka University; Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| | - Fumi Okabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Fukuoka University; Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| | - Toshihiro Fujioka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Fukuoka University; Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kenji Yamagata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Fukuoka University; Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee AS, Shair MD. Synthesis of the C4-Epi-Lomaiviticin B Core Reveals Subtle Stereoelectronic Effects. Org Lett 2013; 15:2390-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400832r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy S. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthew D. Shair
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jaccob M, Venuvanalingam P. Mechanism and diastereoselectivity of arsenic ylide mediated cyclopropanation: a theoretical study. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
11
|
Tanasova M, Sturla SJ. Chemistry and biology of acylfulvenes: sesquiterpene-derived antitumor agents. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3578-610. [PMID: 22482429 DOI: 10.1021/cr2001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tanasova
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shimada N, Oohara T, Krishnamurthi J, Nambu H, Hashimoto S. Catalytic enantioselective intermolecular cycloaddition of diazodiketoester-derived carbonyl ylides with indoles using chiral dirhodium(II) carboxylates. Org Lett 2011; 13:6284-7. [PMID: 22047068 DOI: 10.1021/ol2027625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first example of enantioselective intermolecular cycloaddition of carbonyl ylides with indoles is described. The cycloaddition of five- and six-membered carbonyl ylides derived from diazodiketoesters with N-methylindoles under catalysis by dirhodium(II) tetrakis[N-tetrachlorophthaloyl-(S)-tert-leucinate], Rh(2)(S-TCPTTL)(4), gave cycloadducts in high yields and with high levels of enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) as well as excellent exo diastereoselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Shimada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Muthusamy S, Gangadurai C, Krishnamurthi J, Suresh E. Stereoselective synthesis of piperidinone and quinolinone systems via ring opening reactions using TiCl4/silyl reagents. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Janardanan D, Sunoj RB. Chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity preferences in the reaction of a sulfur ylide with a dienal and an enone. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1642-52. [PMID: 21253652 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00675k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic insights into an interesting class of reaction between sulfur ylides with (i) a dienal, and (ii) an enone, obtained by using density functional theory, is reported. The kinetic and thermodynamic factors responsible for chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselectivities are established by identifying all key transition states and intermediates along the reaction pathway for 1,2-, 1,4-, and 1,6- modes of attack of dimethylsulfonium benzylide to 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienal. The reaction profiles for 1,2- and 1,4- modes of addition are also evaluated for the reaction between dimethylsulfonium benzylide and pent-3-en-2-one. Our results show that the final outcome of the reaction with both these substrates would be decided by the interplay between kinetic and thermodynamic factors. It is found that the addition of a semi-stabilized ylide to conjugated carbonyl compounds prefers to proceed through a 1,4- (conjugate) pathway under thermodynamic conditions, which is in accordance with the available experimental reports. However, the formation of epoxides via a 1,2- (direct) addition pathway is computed to be equally competitive, which could be the favored pathway under kinetic conditions. Even though the lower barrier for the initial addition step is kinetically advantageous for the direct (or 1,2-) addition pathway, the higher energy of the betaine intermediates--as well as the reversibility of the accompanying elementary step--may disfavor product formation in this route. Thus, high diastereoselectivity in favor of 2,3-trans cyclopropanecarbaldehyde is predicted in the case of the dienal, using the most favored conjugate addition (1,4-addition) pathway. Along similar lines, ylide addition to the enone is identified to exhibit a preference toward conjugate addition over direct (1,2-) addition. The importance of transition state analysis in delineating the controlling factors towards product distribution and diastereoselectivity is established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Janardanan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Duschek A, Kirsch SF. 2-Iodoxybenzoic Acid-A Simple Oxidant with a Dazzling Array of Potential Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1524-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
16
|
Duschek A, Kirsch SF. 2-Iodoxybenzoesäure - ein einfaches Oxidationsmittel mit einer Vielfalt an Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
17
|
Siegel DS, Piizzi G, Piersanti G, Movassaghi M. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-acylfulvene and (-)-irofulven. J Org Chem 2009; 74:9292-304. [PMID: 19938810 PMCID: PMC2805080 DOI: 10.1021/jo901926z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report our full account of the enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-acylfulvene (1) and (-)-irofulven (2), which features metathesis reactions for the rapid assembly of the molecular framework of these antitumor agents. We discuss (1) the application of an Evans Cu-catalyzed aldol addition reaction using a strained cyclopropyl ketenethioacetal, (2) an efficient enyne ring-closing metathesis cascade reaction in a challenging setting, (3) the reagent IPNBSH for a late-stage reductive allylic transposition reaction, and (4) the final RCM/dehydrogenation sequence for the formation of (-)-acylfulvene (1) and (-)-irofulven (2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin S Siegel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Movassaghi M, Piizzi G, Siegel DS, Piersanti G. Observations in the Synthesis of the Core of the Antitumor Illudins via an Enyne Ring Closing Metathesis Cascade. Tetrahedron Lett 2009; 50:5489-5492. [PMID: 20160945 PMCID: PMC2766079 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Observations concerning the synthesis of the core spirocyclic AB-ring system of illudins using an enyne ring closing metathesis (EYRCM) cascade are discussed. Substituent effects, in addition to optimization of the reaction conditions and the olefin tether for the key EYRCM reaction, are examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Grazia Piizzi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dustin S. Siegel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Piersanti
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen J, Xin N, Ma S. Synthesis of polyfunctionalized vinyl cyclopropanes via the NaI-catalyzed ring-opening cyclization of doubly activated cyclopropenes with 1,1-bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
20
|
Shaw JT. Naturally diverse: highlights in versatile synthetic methods enabling target- and diversity-oriented synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:11-26. [DOI: 10.1039/b814468k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
21
|
Maruoka H, Kashige N, Eishima T, Okabe F, Fujioka T, Miake F, Yamagata K, Tanaka R. Synthesis and antifungal activity of spiro[cyclopropane-1,4′-pyrazol-3-one] derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
McMorris TC, Chimmani R, Gurram M, Staake MD, Kelner MJ. Synthesis and antitumor activity of amine analogs of irofulven. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6770-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Lee EC, McCauley KM, Fu GC. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of tertiary alkyl chlorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:977-9. [PMID: 17211906 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Muthusamy S, Gnanaprakasam B. Tandem reactions of α-diazo ketones with macrocyclic olefins: diastereoselective synthesis of oxanorbornane fused macrocyclic lactones. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Lee E, McCauley K, Fu G. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary Alkyl Chlorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Muthusamy S, Krishnamurthi J, Babu SA, Suresh E. Anomalous Reaction of Rh2(OAc)4-Generated Transient Carbonyl Ylides: Chemoselective Synthesis of Epoxy-Bridged Tetrahydropyranone, Oxepanone, Oxocinone, and Oxoninone Ring Systems. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1252-62. [PMID: 17243719 DOI: 10.1021/jo0621726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones such as arylmethylidenecycloalkanones (16, 19), bis(arylmethylidene)cycloalkanones (21, 23, 27), bisdiphenylnonatetraenones (30), and bis(phenylpropenylidene)cycloalkanones (33, 38, 42) were synthesized and subjected to the rhodium(II)-catalyzed tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reactions with various alpha-diazo ketones. These reactions afforded spiro epoxy-bridged tetrahydropyranone, spiro epoxy-bridged oxepanone (41, 43), epoxyoxocin-4(5H)-one (35, 37), and epoxyoxonin-5(6H)-one (40) frameworks starting from relatively simple precursors. The regio- and stereochemistry and solid-state architecture arrangements of several products were characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. The cycloaddition of carbonyl ylides with the compounds having both C=O and C=C groups was found to be chemo- and regioselective. Interestingly, an unusual ring enlargement of cycloadducts 34, 36, and 41 derived from C=O group addition was observed, affording epoxyoxocin-4(5H)-one and epoxyoxonin-5(6H)-one frameworks. Examples for the tandem cyclization-cycloaddition-ring enlargement reaction were also described. The rhodium(II)-generated carbonyl ylides behaved anomalously, furnishing the cycloadducts as a result of the cycloaddition of carbonyl ylides to C=O group despite the presence of C=C groups.
Collapse
|
28
|
Janardanan D, Sunoj RB. Density Functional Theory Investigations on Sulfur Ylide Promoted Cyclopropanation Reactions: Insights on Mechanism and Diastereoselection Issues. J Org Chem 2006; 72:331-41. [PMID: 17221947 DOI: 10.1021/jo061198u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and diastereoselectivity of synthetically useful sulfur ylide promoted cyclopropanation reactions have been studied using the density functional theory method. Addition of different substituted ylides (Me2S+CH-R) to enone ((E)-pent-3-en-2-one, MeHC=CH-COMe) has been investigated. The nature of the substituent on the ylidic carbon brings about subtle changes in the reaction profile. The stabilized (R=COMe) and semistabilized (R=Ph) ylides follow a cisoid addition mode, leading to 1,2-trans and 1,2-cis cyclopropanes, respectively, via syn and anti betaine intermediates. The simplest and highly reactive model ylide (R=H) prefers a transoid addition mode. Diastereoselectivity is controlled by the barrier for cisoid-transoid rotation in the case of stabilized ylides, whereas the initial electrophilic addition is found to be the diastereoselectivity-determining step for semistabilized ylides. High selectivity toward trans cyclopropanes with stabilized ylides are predicted on the basis of the relative activation energies of diastereomeric torsional transition states. The energy differences between these transition states could be rationalized with the help of weak intramolecular as well as other stereoelectronic interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Janardanan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Muthusamy S, Krishnamurthi J, Suresh E. Highly Regio- and Chemoselective Ring Opening of Oxa-Bridged Piperidinones toward Functionalized Furanones and Piperidines. Org Lett 2006; 8:5101-4. [PMID: 17048853 DOI: 10.1021/ol0620038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acid mediated competitive ring-opening reactions of N-tosyl-substituted oxa-bridged piperidinone ring systems are demonstrated. A majority of the Lewis acids furnished the regio- and chemoselective reductive ring opening at the C(1)-N bond, whereas TiCl(4) furnished at the C(1)-O bond in the presence of triethylsilane, affording functionalized furanones and dihydroxypiperidines, respectively. [reaction: see text]
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Movassaghi M, Piizzi G, Siegel DS, Piersanti G. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Acylfulvene and (−)-Irofulven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5859-63. [PMID: 16888819 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Movassaghi M, Piizzi G, Siegel DS, Piersanti G. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Acylfulvene and (−)-Irofulven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
33
|
Paci A, Rezai K, Deroussent A, De Valeriola D, Re M, Weill S, Cvitkovic E, Kahatt C, Shah A, Waters S, Weems G, Vassal G, Lokiec F. Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and routes of excretion of intravenous irofulven in patients with advanced solid tumors. Drug Metab Dispos 2006; 34:1918-26. [PMID: 16896064 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.106.010512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Irofulven is currently in Phase 2 clinical trials against a wide variety of solid tumors and has demonstrated activity in ovarian, prostate, gastrointestinal, and non-small cell lung cancer. The objectives of this study were to determine its pharmacokinetics and route of excretion and to characterize its metabolites in human plasma and urine samples after a 30-min i.v. infusion at a dose of 0.55 mg/kg in patients with advanced solid tumors. Three patients were administered i.v. 100 microCi of [14C]irofulven over a 30-min infusion on day 1 of cycle 1. Serial blood and plasma samples were drawn at 0 (before irofulven infusion) and up to 144 h after the start of infusion. Urine and fecal samples were collected for up to 144 h after the start of infusion. The mean urinary and fecal excretion of radioactivity up to 144 h were 71.2 and 2.9%, respectively, indicating renal excretion was the major route of elimination of [14C]irofulven. The C(max), AUC(0-infinity), and terminal half-life values for total radioactivity were 1130 ng-Eq/ml, 24,400 ng-Eq . h/ml, and 116.5 h, respectively, and the corresponding values for irofulven were 82.7 ng/ml, 65.5 ng . h/ml, and 0.3 h, respectively, suggesting that the total radioactivity in human plasma was a result of the metabolites. Twelve metabolites of irofulven were detected in human urine and plasma by electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. Among these metabolites, the cyclopropane ring-opened metabolite (M2) of irofulven was found, and seven others were proposed as glucuronide and glutathione conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Paci
- Unité Propre de Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur, Equipe d'Accueil, Pharmacology and New Treatments of Cancer, l'Institut Fédératif de Recherches, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cho BT. Recent advances in the synthetic applications of the oxazaborolidine-mediated asymmetric reduction. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
35
|
Gong J, Neels JF, Yu X, Kensler TW, Peterson LA, Sturla SJ. Investigating the role of stereochemistry in the activity of anticancer acylfulvenes: synthesis, reductase-mediated bioactivation, and cellular toxicity. J Med Chem 2006; 49:2593-9. [PMID: 16610802 DOI: 10.1021/jm051104t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acylfulvenes comprise a family of semisynthetic natural product derivatives with potent antitumor activities. Previous studies indicated that acylfulvenes are bioactivated by NADPH-dependent alkenal/one reductase (AOR), presumably generating intermediates with the capacity to alkylate cellular targets, such as DNA, proteins, and glutathione. This process is thought to induce apoptosis, and the chemical and biochemical pathways involved are topics of current investigation. In this study, four acylfulvene analogues were synthesized: (-)-acylfulvene, (+)-acylfulvene, (-)-(hydroxymethyl)acylfulvene, and (+)-(hydroxymethyl)acylfulvene. These compounds were synthesized by a chiral-resolution method, described for the first time in this report, and by asymmetric synthesis using a method formally demonstrated previously. Cell toxicity studies indicate a positive correlation between AOR level and acylfulvene sensitivity. The absolute configuration of acylfulvene analogues has a significant influence on cytotoxicity. (-)-(Hydroxymethyl)acylfulvene is 25 times more potent than (+)-(hydroxymethyl)acylfulvene in cells transfected with an AOR overexpression vector. Based on kinetic parameters, the rates of AOR-mediated activation are more strongly dependent on acylfulvene substitution than on absolute stereochemistry. These data support the role of AOR-mediated metabolism and indicate the involvement of other stereochemically dictated pathways, such as transport and biomolecule binding, in contributing to the cytotoxicity of acylfulvenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachang Gong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yücel B, Arve L, de Meijere A. A two-step four-component queuing cascade involving a Heck coupling, π-allylpalladium trapping and Diels–Alder reaction. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
37
|
Schelper M, Buisine O, Kozhushkov S, Aubert C, de Meijere A, Malacria M. Cobalt(I)-Mediated Intramolecular [2+2+2] Cocyclizations of (Methylenecyclopropyl)diynes as an Easy Access to Cyclopropanated Oligocycles. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
38
|
Zaidman BZ, Yassin M, Mahajna J, Wasser SP. Medicinal mushroom modulators of molecular targets as cancer therapeutics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 67:453-68. [PMID: 15726350 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-004-1787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Revised: 09/27/2004] [Accepted: 10/02/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Empirical approaches to discover anticancer drugs and cancer treatments have made limited progress in the past several decades in finding a cure for cancer. The expanded knowledge of the molecular basis of tumorigenesis and metastasis, together with the inherently vast structural diversity of natural compounds found in mushrooms, provided unique opportunities for discovering new drugs that rationally target the abnormal molecular and biochemical signals leading to cancer. This review focuses on mushroom low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites targeting processes such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction cascades. Also discussed in this review are high-molecular-weight polysaccharides or polysaccharide-protein complexes from mushrooms that appear to enhance innate and cell-mediated immune responses, exhibit antitumor activities in animals and humans, and demonstrate the anticancer properties of selenium compounds accumulated in mushrooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Zion Zaidman
- Biodiversity and Biotechnology Center of Cryptogamic Plants and Fungi, The Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Muthusamy S, Gnanaprakasam B. Ionic liquids as a convenient recyclable medium for the generation of transient carbonyl ylides: syntheses of oxa and dioxa-bridged polycyclic systems. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
40
|
Imidazolium salts as phase transfer catalysts for the dialkylation and cycloalkylation of active methylene compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|