1
|
Gupta A, Laha JK. Growing Utilization of Radical Chemistry in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300207. [PMID: 37565381 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Our current unhealthy lifestyle and the exponential surge in the population getting affected by a variety of diseases have made pharmaceuticals or drugs an imperative part of life, making the development of innovative strategies for drug discovery or the introduction of refined, cost-effective and modern technologies for the synthesis of clinically used drugs, a need of the hour. Ever since their discovery, free radicals and radical cations or anions as reactive intermediates have captivated the chemists, resulting in an exceptional utilization of these moieties throughout the field of chemical synthesis, owing to their unprecedented and widespread reactivity. Sticking with the idea of not judging the book by its cover, despite the conventional thought process of radicals being unstable and difficult to control entities, scientists and academicians around the globe have done an appreciable amount of work utilizing both persistent as well as transient radicals for a variety of organic transformations, exemplifying them with the synthesis of significant biologically active pharmaceutical ingredients. This review truly accounts for the organic radical transformations including radical addition, radical cascade cyclization, radical/radical cross-coupling, coupling with metal-complexes and radical cations coupling with nucleophiles, that offers fascinating and unconventional approaches towards the construction of intricate structural frameworks of marketed APIs with high atom- and step-economy; complementing the otherwise employed traditional methods. This tutorial review presents a comprehensive package of diverse methods utilized for radical generation, featuring their reactivity to form critical bonds in pharmaceutical total synthesis or in building key starting materials or intermediates of their synthetic journey, acknowledging their excellence, downsides and underlying mechanisms, which are otherwise poorly highlighted in the literature. Despite great achievements over the past few decades in this area, many challenges and obstacles are yet to be unraveled to shorten the distance between the academics and the industry, which are all discussed in summary and outlook.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen J, Gao S, Gorden JD, Chen M. Stereoselective Syntheses of γ-Boryl Substituted syn-β-Alkoxy- and syn-β-Amino-homoallylic Alcohols via a Regio- and Stereoselective Allene Diboration and Aldehyde Allylboration Reaction Sequence. Org Lett 2019; 21:4638-4641. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Shang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - John D. Gorden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gogoi D, Baruah VJ, Chaliha AK, Kakoti BB, Sarma D, Buragohain AK. Identification of novel human renin inhibitors through a combined approach of pharmacophore modelling, molecular DFT analysis and in silico screening. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 69:28-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
4
|
Guo W, Gómez JE, Martínez-Rodríguez L, Bandeira NAG, Bo C, Kleij AW. Metal-Free Synthesis of N-Aryl Amides using Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Aminolysis of Lactones. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1969-1975. [PMID: 28378941 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic ring-opening of bio-sourced non-strained lactones with aromatic amines can offer a straightforward, 100 % atom-economical, and sustainable pathway towards relevant N-aryl amide scaffolds. Herein, the first general, metal-free, and highly efficient N-aryl amide formation is reported from poorly reactive aromatic amines and non-strained lactones under mild operating conditions using an organic bicyclic guanidine catalyst. This protocol has high application potential as exemplified by the formal syntheses of drug-relevant molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Guo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Enrique Gómez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Rodríguez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Nuno A G Bandeira
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cini E, Banfi L, Barreca G, Carcone L, Malpezzi L, Manetti F, Marras G, Rasparini M, Riva R, Roseblade S, Russo A, Taddei M, Vitale R, Zanotti-Gerosa A. Convergent Synthesis of the Renin Inhibitor Aliskiren Based on C5–C6 Disconnection and CO2H–NH2 Equivalence. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cini
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Banfi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Carcone
- Chemessentia SRL, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Luciana Malpezzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Renata Riva
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Stephen Roseblade
- Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - Adele Russo
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Romina Vitale
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Zanotti-Gerosa
- Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun X, Wen X, Chen YY, Shi C, Gao C, Wu Y, Wang LJ, Yang XH, Sun H. Discovery of highly potent renin inhibitors potentially interacting with the S3' subsite of renin. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:269-88. [PMID: 26363506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To exploit the S3' subsite of renin active site for renin inhibitor design, 42 aliskiren derivatives with modified P2' portion were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Some highly potent renin inhibitors (IC₅₀ < 3 nM) were identified, among which compounds 38 (IC₅₀ = 0.9 nM) and 39 (IC₅₀ = 0.7 nM) were over 2.5-fold more potent than aliskiren (IC₅₀ = 2.3 nM). SAR analysis indicated that incorporation of polar hydrophilic moieties into the P2' portion of renin inhibitors generally enhanced the potency. Consistently with this, molecular modeling study revealed that the triazole part of 39 could provide additional interactions to the S3' subsite of renin active site. Moreover, in vivo evaluation in the double transgenic mouse hypertension model demonstrated that 39 produced greater reduction of the mean arterial blood pressure than ariskiren at the doses of 17.0 and 34.0 μmol/kg, respectively. Taken together, the S3' subsite of renin active site merits further consideration for renin inhibitor design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoan Wen
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yan-yan Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei United University, 57 Jianshe South Road, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Chen Shi
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Chengzhe Gao
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Li-jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei United University, 57 Jianshe South Road, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Xiu-hong Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei United University, 57 Jianshe South Road, Tangshan 063000, PR China.
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rossi S, Benaglia M, Porta R, Cotarca L, Maragni P, Verzini M. A Stereoselective Catalytic Nitroaldol Reaction as the Key Step in a Strategy for the Synthesis of the Renin Inhibitor Aliskiren. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
8
|
Li LL, Ding JY, Gao LX, Han FS. The development of a complementary pathway for the synthesis of aliskiren. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1133-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01963f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present an alternative pathway for the synthesis of aliskiren by applying the Evans chiral auxiliary-aided asymmetric allylation and the Julia–Kocienski olefination as the key transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Li
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jin-Ying Ding
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Lian-Xun Gao
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Fu-She Han
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hanessian S, Chénard E, Guesné S, Cusson JP. Conception and Evolution of Stereocontrolled Strategies toward Functionalized 8-Aryloctanoic Acids Related to the Total Synthesis of Aliskiren. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9531-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5015195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP6128 Succursale A, Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Etienne Chénard
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP6128 Succursale A, Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sébastien Guesné
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP6128 Succursale A, Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Cusson
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP6128 Succursale A, Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Szostak M, Fazakerley NJ, Parmar D, Procter DJ. Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Samarium(II) Iodide. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5959-6039. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400685r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Neal J. Fazakerley
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Dixit Parmar
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Procter
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Wang F, Xu XY, Wang FY, Peng L, Zhang Y, Tian F, Wang LX. An Improved and Economical Process for the Manufacture of the Key Intermediate of Aliskiren, a New Potent Renin Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op400205k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Ying Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Peng
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Fang Tian
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A compendium of cyclic sugar amino acids and their carbocyclic and heterocyclic nitrogen analogues. Amino Acids 2013; 45:613-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
14
|
|
15
|
Guo YL, Bai JF, Peng L, Wang LL, Jia LN, Luo XY, Tian F, Xu XY, Wang LX. Direct Asymmetric Vinylogous Mannich Reaction of 3,4-Dihalofuran-2(5H)-one with Aldimine Catalyzed by Quinine. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8338-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301115t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Guo
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Fei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Jia
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Ya Luo
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric
Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hanessian S, Chénard E. A new approach to the synthesis of peptidomimetic renin inhibitors: palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of acyclic alkyl aryl ketones. Org Lett 2012; 14:3222-5. [PMID: 22668074 DOI: 10.1021/ol301332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to the synthesis of Tekturna, a recently marketed drug for hypertension, takes advantage of a modified protocol of the Stoltz palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation with a t-BuPHOX ligand for the synthesis of allylated acyclic alkyl aryl ketones. The method led to an α-isopropyl α-allyl aryl ketone in 90% yield and 88 to 91% ee, which was used in the synthesis of an advanced intermediate toward Tekturna. A beneficial effect of protic additives, such as BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol), on the time and enantioselectivity of the reaction was discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Požgan F, Štefane B, Kiđemet D, Smodiš J, Zupet R. The synthesis of 12-membered macrocycles containing a C1–C8 alkene unit via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
18
|
|
19
|
Szostak M, Spain M, Parmar D, Procter DJ. Selective reductive transformations using samarium diiodide-water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:330-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14252f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Discovery of new renin inhibitory leads via sequential pharmacophore modeling, QSAR analysis, in silico screening and in vitro evaluation. J Mol Graph Model 2011; 29:843-64. [PMID: 21376648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Foley MA, Jamison TF. Amide Bond Formation via Reversible, Carboxylic Acid-Promoted Lactone Aminolysis. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op1001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hanessian S, Guesné S, Chénard E. Total synthesis of "aliskiren": the first Renin inhibitor in clinical practice for hypertension. Org Lett 2010; 12:1816-9. [PMID: 20235519 DOI: 10.1021/ol100427v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a "macrocycle route" toward aliskiren, a drug presently marketed for the treatment of hypertension, using a highly stereocontrolled approach starting from a common "isopropyl chiron". Highlights of the synthesis include a challenging RCM reaction to produce a nine-membered unsaturated lactone, a highly stereoselective catalytic Du Bois aziridination, and a regio- and diastereoselective aziridine ring-opening to a vicinal amino alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Universite de Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Nicolaou K, Ellery S, Chen J. Samariumdiiodid-vermittelte Reaktionen in der Totalsynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
26
|
Abstract
Introduced by Henri Kagan more than three decades ago, samarium diiodide (SmI(2)) has found increasing application in chemical synthesis. This single-electron reducing agent has been particularly useful in C-C bond formations, including those found in total synthesis endeavors. This Review highlights selected applications of SmI(2) in total synthesis, with special emphasis on novel transformations and mechanistic considerations. The examples discussed are both illustrative of the power of this reagent in the construction of complex molecules and inspirational for the design of synthetic strategies toward such targets, both natural and designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Taaning RH, Thim L, Karaffa J, Campaña AG, Hansen AM, Skrydstrup T. SmI2-promoted intra- and intermolecular C–C bond formation with chiral N-acyl oxazolidinones. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
28
|
Marin J, Briand JP, Guichard G. Synthesis of a Galactosylated 4-Hydroxylysine Building Block and Its Incorporation into a Collagen Immunodominant Glycopeptide. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Kumpulainen ETT, Koskinen AMP, Rissanen K. Total Synthesis of Amaminol A: Establishment of the Absolute Stereochemistry. Org Lett 2007; 9:5043-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol7022856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esa T. T. Kumpulainen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 6100, FI-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland, and NanoScience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ari M. P. Koskinen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 6100, FI-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland, and NanoScience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 6100, FI-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland, and NanoScience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Boogers JAF, Felfer U, Kotthaus M, Lefort L, Steinbauer G, de Vries AHM, de Vries JG. A Mixed-Ligand Approach Enables the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of an α-Isopropylcinnamic Acid en Route to the Renin Inhibitor Aliskiren. Org Process Res Dev 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/op0602369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen A. F. Boogers
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Ulfried Felfer
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Martina Kotthaus
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Laurent Lefort
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Steinbauer
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - André H. M. de Vries
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes G. de Vries
- DSM Pharmaceutical Products - Advanced Synthesis, Catalysis & Development, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands, and DSM Fine Chemicals, Austria Nfg GmbH & Co. KG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, A-4021 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C3J7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Karaffa J, Lindsay KB, Skrydstrup T. Expanding the Scope of the Acyl-Type Radical Addition Reactions Promoted by SmI2. J Org Chem 2006; 71:8219-26. [PMID: 17025315 DOI: 10.1021/jo061299s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-acyl oxazolidinones of simple carboxylic acids and amino acids were observed to undergo successful SmI2-promoted couplings with substituted acrylamides and acrylates, affording a variety of functionalized gamma-ketoamides and -esters with yields attaining 85%. As many of these reductive couplings were previously found to be ineffective employing the corresponding 4-pyridylthio esters, the applicability of this methodology has been substantially improved. The methodology has been adapted to prepare structures related to two potent aspartate protease inhibitors, the renin inhibitor aliskiren, and the gamma-secretase inhibitor L-685,458. Finally, a convenient two-step procedure for the preparation of N-acyl oxazolidinones of N-protected amino acids, which provides consistently good yields of the corresponding imide, has been devised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Karaffa
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ebran JP, Jensen CM, Johannesen SA, Karaffa J, Lindsay KB, Taaning R, Skrydstrup T. Creating carbon–carbon bonds with samarium diiodide for the synthesis of modified amino acids and peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:3553-64. [PMID: 16990928 DOI: 10.1039/b608028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective, an overview of our experiences on the application of samarium diiodide in organic synthesis for the preparation of amino acid and peptide analogues is presented. Three different carbon-carbon bond forming reactions are discussed, including side chain introductions, gamma-amino acid synthesis and acyl-like radical additions for the construction of C-C mimics of the peptidic bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Ebran
- Center for Insoluble Proteins Structures, Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, University of Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|