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Zhao SY, Li N, Luo WY, Zhang NN, Zhou RY, Li CY, Wang J. Chemical synthesis and antigenic activity of a phosphatidylinositol mannoside epitope from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14067-14070. [PMID: 33104149 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05573e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) have been investigated as lipidic antigens for a new subunit tuberculosis vaccine. A non-natural diacylated phosphatidylinositol mannoside (Ac2PIM2) was designed and synthesized by mimicking the natural PIM6 processing procedure in dentritic cells. This synthetic Ac2PIM2 was achieved from α-methyl d-glucopyranoside 1 in 17 steps in 2.5% overall yield. A key feature of the strategy was extending the use of the chiral myo-inositol building block A to the O-2 and O-6 positions of the inositol unit to allow for introducing the mannose building blocks B1 and B2, and to the O-1 position for the phosphoglycerol building block C. Building block A, being a flexible core unit, may facilitate future access to other higher-order PIM analogues. A preliminary antigenic study showed that the synthetic PIM epitope (Ac2PIM2) was significantly more active than natural Ac2PIM2, which indicated that the synthetic Ac2PIM2 can be strongly immunoactive and may be developed as a potential vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Wan-Yue Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Nan-Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Rong-Ye Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Chen-Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Hope Avenue South Road No. 2, Yancheng, 224007, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China. and Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France and CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
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2
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Bonam SR, Bhunia D, Muller S, Nerella SG, Alvala M, Halmuthur Mahabalarao SK. Novel trisaccharide based phospholipids as immunomodulators. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105684. [PMID: 31200340 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A focused library of novel mannosylated glycophospholipids was synthesized employing imidate coupling and H-phosphate phosphorylation methods. All novel glycophospholipids were evaluated for their receptor interactions by molecular docking studies. Docking studies revealed dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) specific interaction of the glycophospholipid ligand P4 acts, which was further confirmed by in vitro DC-SIGN expression on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Further, in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activity among the six compounds (P1-P6) examined, compound P4 displayed good immunopotentiation and adjuvant properties as indicated by the induced cytokine expression and enhanced ovalbumin (OVA) specific antibody (IgG) titers. Phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) analogues in the present study enforced the immunomodulatory properties, truncating parent PIMs or tailor-made of PIMs may bring the novel efficacious molecules, which will be useful in vaccine preparation against different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad, 500007, India; UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology & Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and cell signaling, Illkirch, France/Laboratory of excellence Medalis, Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Debabrata Bhunia
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology & Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and cell signaling, Illkirch, France/Laboratory of excellence Medalis, Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS), 67000, Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Molecular Modeling Facility, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Molecular Modeling Facility, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Sampath Kumar Halmuthur Mahabalarao
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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Synthesis of purpuroine A, nakirodin A and MDN-0104: The hidden puzzles and risk of error in their configurational assignments. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Patil PS, Cheng TJR, Zulueta MML, Yang ST, Lico LS, Hung SC. Total synthesis of tetraacylated phosphatidylinositol hexamannoside and evaluation of its immunomodulatory activity. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7239. [PMID: 26037164 PMCID: PMC4468851 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis, aggravated by drug-resistant strains and HIV co-infection of the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a global problem that affects millions of people. With essential immunoregulatory roles, phosphatidylinositol mannosides are among the cell-envelope components critical to the pathogenesis and survival of M. tuberculosis inside its host. Here we report the first synthesis of the highly complex tetraacylated phosphatidylinositol hexamannoside (Ac2PIM6), having stearic and tuberculostearic acids as lipid components. Our effort makes use of stereoelectronic and steric effects to control the regioselective and stereoselective outcomes and minimize the synthetic steps, particularly in the key desymmetrization and functionalization of myo-inositol. A short synthesis of tuberculostearic acid in six steps from the Roche ester is also described. Mice exposed to the synthesized Ac2PIM6 exhibit increased production of interleukin-4 and interferon-γ, and the corresponding adjuvant effect is shown by the induction of ovalbumin- and tetanus toxoid-specific antibodies. Phosphatidylinositol mannosides are cell envelope components vital for the survival of M. tuberculosis. Here, the authors report an elegant and convergent total synthesis of the complex glycolipid tetraacylated phosphatidylinositol hexamannoside (Ac2PIM6) and study the immunological effects in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap S Patil
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jen Rachel Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Medel Manuel L Zulueta
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Larry S Lico
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Highly purified mycobacterial phosphatidylinositol mannosides drive cell-mediated responses and activate NKT cells in cattle. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 22:178-84. [PMID: 25499010 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00638-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterial lipids play an important role in the modulation of the immune response upon contact with the host. Using novel methods, we have isolated highly purified phosphatidylinositol mannoside (PIM) molecules (phosphatidylinositol dimannoside [PIM2], acylphosphatidylinositol dimannoside [AcPIM2], diacyl-phosphatidylinositol dimannoside [Ac2PIM2], acylphosphatidylinositol hexamannoside [AcPIM6], and diacylphosphatidylinositol hexamannoside [Ac2PIM6]) from virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis to assess their potential to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses in Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. Of these molecules, one (AcPIM6) induced significant levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) in bovine PBMCs. Three PIM molecules (AcPIM6, Ac2PIM2, and Ac2PIM6) were shown to drive significant proliferation in bovine PBMCs. AcPIM6 was subsequently used to phenotype the proliferating cells by flow cytometry. This analysis demonstrated that AcPIM6 was predominantly recognized by CD3(+) CD335(+) NKT cells. In conclusion, we have identified PIM lipid molecules that interact with bovine lymphocyte populations, and these lipids may be useful as future subunit vaccines or diagnostic reagents. Further, these data demonstrate, for the first time, lipid-specific NKT activation in cattle.
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Lee AMM, Painter GF, Compton BJ, Larsen DS. Resolution of orthogonally protected myo-inositols with novozym 435 providing an enantioconvergent pathway to Ac2PIM1. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10916-31. [PMID: 25338261 DOI: 10.1021/jo5019188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Orthogonally protected chiral myo-inositol derivatives are important intermediates for higher order myo-inositol-containing compounds. Here, the use of the immobilized enzyme Novozym 435 to efficiently catalyze the acetylation of the 5R configured enantiomer of racemic 1,2-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositols possessing chemically and sterically diverse protecting groups at O-3 and O-6 is described. The resolutions were successful with allyl, benzyl, 4-bromo-, 4-methoxy-, 4-nitro-, and 4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)benzyl, propyl, and propargyl protection at O-6 in combination with either allyl or benzyl groups at O-3. Bulky protecting groups slow the rate of acetylation. No reaction was observed for 3,6-di-O-triisopropylsilyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated by the first reported synthesis of an Ac2PIM1 (9), which used both enantiomers of the resolved 3-O-allyl-6-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol in a convergent synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair M M Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Abstract
An analog of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has been synthesized containing the characteristic structures of all of its three major components; that is, a mannosylated phosphatidylinositol moiety, an oligomannan, and an oligoarabinan. A highly convergent strategy was developed that is applicable to the synthesis of other LAM analogs. The synthetic miniature LAM should be useful for various biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Guochao Liao
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Lizhen Wang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong
University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong
University, Jinan 250100, China
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9
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Gao J, Guo Z. Synthesis of a tristearoyl lipomannan via preactivation-based iterative one-pot glycosylation. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12717-25. [PMID: 24266397 PMCID: PMC3906423 DOI: 10.1021/jo4021979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A convergent and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of lipomannan (LM), useful for vaccine development. Thioglycosides were employed as glycosyl donors to construct two key pseudotrisaccharide and tetramannose intermediates through preactivation-based glycosylation strategy. These building blocks were then successfully coupled to form the LM core, which was lapidated, phospholipidated, and finally globally deprotected to afford the target molecule. The intermediate LM core involved in this synthesis contained orthogonal protections, which would facilitate its variable modifications for the preparation of other complex LM derivatives and for the synthesis of LM conjugates as LM-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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11
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Rankin GM, Maxwell-Cameron I, Painter GF, Larsen DS. The Dimethoxyphenylbenzyl Protecting Group: An Alternative to the p-Methoxybenzyl Group for Protection of Carbohydrates. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5264-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4004184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gavin F. Painter
- Carbohydrate
Chemistry Team, Callaghan Innovation, PO
Box 31-310, Lower Hutt, New
Zealand
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12
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Front S, Bourigault ML, Rose S, Noria S, Quesniaux VFJ, Martin OR. Synthesis and biological investigation of PIM mimics carrying biotin or a fluorescent label for cellular imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2012. [PMID: 23190446 DOI: 10.1021/bc3004974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidyl inositol mannosides (PIMs) are constituents of the mycobacterial cell wall; these glycolipids are known to exhibit potent inhibitory activity toward the LPS-induced production of cytokines by macrophages, and therefore have potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Recently, heterocyclic analogues of PIMs in which the inositol is replaced by a piperidine (aza-PIM mimics) or a tetrahydropyran moiety (oxa-PIM mimics) have been prepared by short synthetic sequences and shown to retain the biological activity of the parent PIM structures. In this investigation, the aza-PIM analogue was used as a convenient scaffold to link biotin or a fluorescent label (tetramethyl-rhodamine) by way of an aminocaproyl spacer, with the goal of using these conjugates for intracellular localization and for the study of the mechanism of their antiinflammatory action. The synthesis of these compounds is reported, as well as the evaluation of their activities as inhibitors of LPS-induced cytokine production by macrophages (TNFα, IL12p40); preliminary investigations by FACS and confocal microscopy indicated that PIM-biotin conjugate binds to macrophage membranes with rapid kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Front
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d'Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans, France
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13
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Rankin GM, Compton BJ, Johnston KA, Hayman CM, Painter GF, Larsen DS. Synthesis and Mass Spectral Characterization of Mycobacterial Phosphatidylinositol and Its Dimannosides. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6743-59. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301189y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin J. Compton
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31310, Lower
Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Karen A. Johnston
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31310, Lower
Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Colin M. Hayman
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31310, Lower
Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Gavin F. Painter
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31310, Lower
Hutt, New Zealand
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Parlane NA, Compton BJ, Hayman CM, Painter GF, Basaraba RJ, Heiser A, Buddle BM. Phosphatidylinositol di-mannoside and derivates modulate the immune response to and efficacy of a tuberculosis protein vaccine against Mycobacterium bovis infection. Vaccine 2011; 30:580-8. [PMID: 22120192 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis infects a wide range of hosts, including domestic livestock, wildlife, and humans. Development of an effective vaccine protecting against bovine tuberculosis would provide a cost-effective tuberculosis control strategy. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of phosphatidylinositol di-mannoside (PIM(2)) and its derivatives to modulate cell-mediated immunity in vivo in a bovine tuberculosis mouse model in response to a relevant antigen, namely a fusion protein of mycobacterial proteins Ag85A and ESAT-6. The addition of synthetic PIM(2) to the vaccine resulted in a significant reduction in lung bacterial counts and a cytokine profile indicating a Th 1 type immune response. The addition of the other PIM(2) derivatives to the vaccine or the fusion protein alone did not result in reduced lung bacterial counts; moreover, the addition of PIM(2)ME appeared to negate the induction of an antigen-specific interferon-γ response and protection against tuberculosis. In conclusion, this study provides further evidence that PIMs can function as potent adjuvants for protein or sub-unit vaccines, but subtle structural differences among PIMs can markedly alter the type of immune response induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Parlane
- AgResearch, Hopkirk Research Institute, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Ainge GD, Martin WJ, Compton BJ, Hayman CM, Larsen DS, Yoon SI, Wilson IA, Harper JL, Painter GF. Synthesis and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activity of phosphatidylinositol dimannoside analogues. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7268-79. [PMID: 21936536 DOI: 10.1021/jm2008419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of five PIM(2) analogues were synthesized and tested for their ability to activate primary macrophages and modulate LPS signaling. Structural changes included replacement of the fatty acid esters of the phosphatidyl moiety of PIM(2) with the corresponding ether or amide. An AcPIM(2) analogue possessing an ether linkage was also prepared. The synthetic methodology utilized an orthogonally protected chiral myo-inositol starting material that was conveniently prepared from myo-inositol in just two steps. Important steps in the synthetic protocols included the regio- and α-selective glycosylation of inositol O-6 and introduction of the phosphodiester utilizing phosphoramidite chemistry. Replacement of the inositol core with a glycerol moiety gave compounds described as phosphatidylglycerol dimannosides (PGM(2)). Biological testing of these PIM compounds indicated that the agonist activity was TLR4 dependent. An ether linkage increased agonist activity. Removal of the inositol ring enhanced antagonist activity, and the presence of an additional lipid chain enhanced LPS-induced cytokine production in primary macrophages. Furthermore, the interruption of the LPS-induced 2:2 TLR4/MD-2 signaling complex formation by PIM(2) represents a previously unidentified mechanism involved in the bioactivity of PIM molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Ainge
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31-310, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
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Front S, Court N, Bourigault ML, Rose S, Ryffel B, Erard F, Quesniaux VFJ, Martin OR. Phosphatidyl myo-Inositol Mannosides Mimics Built on an Acyclic or Heterocyclic Core: Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory Properties. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:2081-93. [PMID: 21901834 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Front
- ICOA, UMR 6005, Université d'Orléans and CNRS rue de Chartres, B. P. 6759, 4067 Orléans, France
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Abstract
In the same way that peptide antigens are presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, glycolipid antigens can also activate the immune response via binding to CD1 proteins on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and stimulate CD1-restricted T cells. In humans, there are five members of the CD1 family, termed CD1a–e, of which CD1a–d are involved in glycolipid presentation at the cell surface, while CD1e is involved in the intracellular trafficking of glycolipid antigens. Both endogenous (self-derived) and exogenous (non-self-derived) glycolipids have been shown to bind to members of the CD1 family with varying degrees of specificity. In this paper we focus on the key glycolipids that bind to the different members of the CD1 family.
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Denis M, Ainge GD, Larsen DS, Severn WB, Painter GF. A synthetic analogue of phosphatidylinositol mannoside is an efficient adjuvant. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 31:577-82. [PMID: 19874225 DOI: 10.3109/08923970902824862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We recently described the synthesis of an ether linked analogue of phosphatidylinositol dimannoside (PIM(2)ME). In the current study, PIM(2)ME was found to significantly enhance the release of the key Th1 cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) by dendritic cells (DCs) of naive mice in vitro, but not interleukin-10 (IL-10). Based on this result, it was hypothesized that PIM(2)ME would be an effective adjuvant for cell-mediated immune responses. Injections of PIM(2)ME alone did not lead to weight loss and did not have toxic side effects, based on biomarkers of toxicity in serum,demonstrating that the compound induced no apparent adverse side effects. Mice were vaccinated with the core antigens of the hepatitis C virus by itself or with three different adjuvants, namely PIM(2)ME, a commercial preparation of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) or a preparation of aluminium hydroxide gel (alum). A control group of animals received the antigen only with no adjuvants. Immune responses to the Hepatitis C viral antigens were monitored by measuring antigen-specific production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) to assess cell-mediated immune responses. Vaccination of mice with Hepatitis C viral antigens with the adjuvant PIM(2)ME led to a significant increase in cell-mediated immune responses (IFN-gamma and IL-12). Injection of Hepatitis C viral antigens in alum led to no enhancement of the cell-mediated immune response. We conclude that PIM(2)ME is an efficacious adjuvant for enhancing cell-mediated immunity, and induces no observable adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Denis
- AgResearch, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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19
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Cao B, Williams SJ. Chemical approaches for the study of the mycobacterial glycolipids phosphatidylinositol mannosides, lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:919-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c000604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Enhanced protection against bovine tuberculosis after coadministration of Mycobacterium bovis BCG with a Mycobacterial protein vaccine-adjuvant combination but not after coadministration of adjuvant alone. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2008; 15:765-72. [PMID: 18337375 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00034-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Current efforts are aimed at optimizing the protective efficacy of Mycobacterium bovis BCG by the use of vaccine combinations. We have recently demonstrated that the protection afforded by BCG alone is enhanced by vaccinating cattle with a combination of vaccines comprising BCG and a protein tuberculosis vaccine, namely, culture filtrate proteins (CFPs) from M. bovis plus an adjuvant. In the current study, three different adjuvant systems were compared. The CFP was formulated with a depot adjuvant, dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), together with one of three different immunostimulants: monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a synthetic mycobacterial phosphatidylinositol mannoside-2 (PIM2), and a synthetic lipopeptide (Pam3Cys-SKKKK [Pam(3)CSK(4)]). Groups of cattle (n = 10/group) were vaccinated with BCG-CFP-DDA-PIM2, BCG-CFP-DDA-MPL, or BCG-CFP-DDA-Pam(3)CSK(4). Two additional groups (n = 10) were vaccinated with BCG alone or BCG-adjuvant (DDA-MPL), and a control group was left unvaccinated. Protection was assessed by challenging the cattle intratracheally with M. bovis. Groups of cattle vaccinated with BCG-CFP-DDA-PIM2, BCG-CFP-DDA-MPL, BCG-CFP-DDA-Pam(3)CSK(4), and BCG alone showed significant reductions in three, three, five, and three pathological and microbiological disease parameters, respectively, compared to the results for the nonvaccinated group. Vaccination with the combination of BCG and the DDA-MPL adjuvant alone abrogated the protection conferred by BCG alone. The profiling of cytokine gene expression following vaccination, prior to challenge, did not illuminate significant differences which could explain the latter result. Vaccination of cattle with a combination of BCG and protein tuberculosis vaccine enhances protection against tuberculosis.
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