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Huang Y, Ning L, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Gong Q, Zhang Q. Stimuli-fluorochromic smart organic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1090-1166. [PMID: 38193263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00976e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Smart materials based on stimuli-fluorochromic π-conjugated solids (SFCSs) have aroused significant interest due to their versatile and exciting properties, leading to advanced applications. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in SFCS-based smart materials, expanding beyond organometallic compounds and light-responsive organic luminescent materials, with a discussion on the design strategies, exciting properties and stimuli-fluorochromic mechanisms along with their potential applications in the exciting fields of encryption, sensors, data storage, display, green printing, etc. The review comprehensively covers single-component and multi-component SFCSs as well as their stimuli-fluorochromic behaviors under external stimuli. We also provide insights into current achievements, limitations, and major challenges as well as future opportunities, aiming to inspire further investigation in this field in the near future. We expect this review to inspire more innovative research on SFCSs and their advanced applications so as to promote further development of smart materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Lijian Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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2
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Benavides PA, Gordillo MA, Thibodeaux E, Yadav A, Johnson E, Sachdeva R, Saha S. Rare Guest-Induced Electrical Conductivity of Zn-Porphyrin Metallacage Inclusion Complexes Featuring π-Donor/Acceptor/Donor Stacks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1234-1242. [PMID: 38108279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Charge-transfer (CT) interactions between co-facially aligned π-donor/acceptor (π-D/A) arrays engender unique optical and electronic properties that could benefit (supra)molecular electronics and energy technologies. Herein, we demonstrate that a tetragonal prismatic metal-organic cage (MOC18+) having two parallel π-donor tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-Zn-porphyrin (ZnTCPP) faces selectively intercalate planar π-acceptor guests, such as hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HATHCN), hexacyanotriphenylene (HCTP), and napthanelediimide (NDI) derivatives, forming 1:1 πA@MOC18+ inclusion complexes featuring supramolecular π-D/A/D triads. The π-acidity of intercalated π-acceptors (HATHCN ≫ HCTP ≈ NDIs) dictated the nature and strength of their interactions with the ZnTCPP faces, which in turn influenced the binding affinities (Ka) and optical and electronic properties of corresponding πA@MOC18+ inclusion complexes. Owing to its strongest CT interaction with ZnTCPP faces, the most π-acidic HATHCN guest enjoyed the largest Ka (5 × 106 M-1), competitively displaced weaker π-acceptors from the MOC18+ cavity, and generated the highest electrical conductivity (2.1 × 10-6 S/m) among the πA@MOC18+ inclusion complexes. This work demonstrates a unique through-space charge transport capability of πA@MOC18+ inclusion complexes featuring supramolecular π-D/A/D triads, which generated tunable electrical conductivity, which is a rare but much coveted electronic property of such supramolecular assemblies that could further expand their utility in future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A Benavides
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Monica A Gordillo
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Evan Thibodeaux
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Ashok Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Evan Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Rakesh Sachdeva
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Sourav Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd., Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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3
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Chlebosz D, Goldeman W, Janus K, Szuster M, Kiersnowski A. Synthesis, Solution, and Solid State Properties of Homological Dialkylated Naphthalene Diimides—A Systematic Review of Molecules for Next-Generation Organic Electronics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072940. [PMID: 37049703 PMCID: PMC10096413 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic study aimed at finding a correlation between molecular structure, solubility, self-assembly, and electronic properties of a homological series of N-alkylated naphthalene diimides (NDIs). NDIs are known for their n-type carrier mobility and, therefore, have potential in the field of organic electronics, photovoltaics, and sensors. For the purpose of this study, nine symmetrical N,N′-dialkylated naphthalene diimides (NDIC3-NDIC11) were synthesized in the reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with alkylamines ranging from propyl- to undecyl-. The NDIs were characterized by spectroscopic (NMR, UV-Vis, FTIR), microscopic, and thermal methods (TGA and DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Our experimental study, extensively referring to findings reported in the literature, indicated that the NDIs revealed specific trends in spectroscopic and thermal properties as well as solubility and crystal morphology. The solubility in good solvents (chloroform, toluene, dichlorobenzene) was found to be the highest for the NDIs substituted with the medium-length alkyl chains (NDIC5–NDIC8). Systematic FTIR and XRD studies unraveled a distinct parity effect related to the packing of NDI molecules with odd or even numbers of methylene groups in the alkyl substituents. The NDIs with an even number of methylene groups in the alkyl substituents revealed low-symmetry (P1−) triclinic packing, whereas those with an odd number of carbon atoms were generally monoclinic with P21/c symmetry. The odd–even parity effect also manifested itself in the overlapping of the NDIs’ aromatic cores and, hence, the π-π stacking distance (dπ-π). The odd-numbered NDIs generally revealed slightly smaller dπ-π values then the even-numbered ones. Testing the NDIs using standardized field-effect transistors and unified procedures revealed that the n-type mobility in NDIC6, NDIC7, and NDIC8 was 10- to 30-fold higher than for the NDIs with shorter or longer alkyl substituents. Our experimental results indicate that N,N′-alkylated NDIs reveal an optimum range of alkyl chain length in terms of solution processability and charge transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chlebosz
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Janus
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michał Szuster
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kiersnowski
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Eder S, Ding B, Thornton DB, Sammut D, White AJP, Plasser F, Stephens IEL, Heeney M, Mezzavilla S, Glöcklhofer F. Squarephaneic Tetraanhydride: A Conjugated Square-Shaped Cyclophane for the Synthesis of Porous Organic Materials. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202212623. [PMID: 38504923 PMCID: PMC10947162 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic carboxylic anhydrides are ubiquitous building blocks in organic materials chemistry and have received considerable attention in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, pigments, and battery electrode materials. Here we extend the family of aromatic carboxylic anhydrides with a unique new member, a conjugated cyclophane with four anhydride groups. The cyclophane is obtained in a three-step synthesis and can be functionalised efficiently, as shown by the conversion into tetraimides and an octacarboxylate. Crystal structures reveal the high degree of porosity achievable with the new building block. Excellent electrochemical properties and reversible reduction to the tetraanions are shown for the imides; NMR and EPR measurements confirm the global aromaticity of the dianions and evidence the global Baird aromaticity of the tetraanions. Considering the short synthesis and unique properties, we expect widespread use of the new building block in the development of organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Eder
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Bowen Ding
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Daisy B. Thornton
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0RAUK
| | - Darlene Sammut
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE11 3TUUK
| | - Ifan E. L. Stephens
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0RAUK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Stefano Mezzavilla
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
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5
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Eder S, Ding B, Thornton DB, Sammut D, White AJP, Plasser F, Stephens IEL, Heeney M, Mezzavilla S, Glöcklhofer F. Squarephaneic Tetraanhydride: A Conjugated Square-Shaped Cyclophane for the Synthesis of Porous Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212623. [PMID: 36178733 PMCID: PMC9827958 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic carboxylic anhydrides are ubiquitous building blocks in organic materials chemistry and have received considerable attention in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, pigments, and battery electrode materials. Here we extend the family of aromatic carboxylic anhydrides with a unique new member, a conjugated cyclophane with four anhydride groups. The cyclophane is obtained in a three-step synthesis and can be functionalised efficiently, as shown by the conversion into tetraimides and an octacarboxylate. Crystal structures reveal the high degree of porosity achievable with the new building block. Excellent electrochemical properties and reversible reduction to the tetraanions are shown for the imides; NMR and EPR measurements confirm the global aromaticity of the dianions and evidence the global Baird aromaticity of the tetraanions. Considering the short synthesis and unique properties, we expect widespread use of the new building block in the development of organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Eder
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Bowen Ding
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Daisy B. Thornton
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0RAUK
| | - Darlene Sammut
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE11 3TUUK
| | - Ifan E. L. Stephens
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0RAUK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Stefano Mezzavilla
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonRoyal School of MinesLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
- Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 0BZUK
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6
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Vener MV, Kharlanov OG, Sosorev AY. High-Mobility Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives Revealed by Raman-Based In Silico Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13305. [PMID: 36362092 PMCID: PMC9653651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Charge transport in crystalline organic semiconductors (OSCs) is considerably hindered by low-frequency vibrations introducing dynamic disorder in the charge transfer integrals. Recently, we have shown that the contributions of various vibrational modes to the dynamic disorder correlate with their Raman intensities and suggested a Raman-based approach for estimation of the dynamic disorder and search for potentially high-mobility OSCs. In the present paper, we showcase this approach by revealing the highest-mobility OSC(s) in two series of crystalline naphthalene diimide derivatives bearing alkyl or cycloalkyl substituents. In contrast to our previous studies, Raman spectra are not measured, but are instead calculated using periodic DFT. As a result, an OSC with a potentially high charge mobility is revealed in each of the two series, and further mobility calculations corroborate this choice. Namely, for the naphthalene diimide derivatives with butyl and cyclopentyl substituents, the estimated room-temperature isotropic electron mobilities are as high as 6 and 15 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, in the latter case even exceeding 20 cm2 V-1 s-1 in a two-dimensional plane. Thus, our results highlight the potential of using the calculated Raman spectra to search for high-mobility crystalline OSCs and reveal two promising OSCs, which were previously overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Vener
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Kharlanov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/2, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey Yu. Sosorev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/2, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
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7
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Wong EKH, Chan MHY, Tang WK, Leung MY, Yam VWW. Molecular Alignment of Alkynylplatinum(II) 2,6-Bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine Double Complex Salts and the Formation of Well-Ordered Nanostructures Directed by Pt···Pt and Donor-Acceptor Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5424-5434. [PMID: 35302371 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A new class of alkynylplatinum(II) bzimpy (bzimpy = bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine) double complex salts (DCSs) containing dialkoxynaphthalene or pyromellitic diimide moieties on the alkynyl ligand has been reported to display distinct morphological properties compared to their precursor alkynylplatinum(II) complexes, with the capability of being aligned by the directional Pt···Pt and/or π-π stacking interactions. The incorporation of donor and acceptor units on the alkynyl ligands has been found to significantly perturb the alignment of the oppositely charged complex ions in the DCSs to stack in a twisted head-to-head manner, attributed to the additional driving forces of electrostatic and donor-acceptor interactions. The modulation of the Pt···Pt distances and the extent of aggregate formation have been demonstrated by altering the charge matching between the platinum(II) bzimpy moieties and the donor or acceptor moieties on the alkynyl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ka-Ho Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Michael Ho-Yeung Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wai Kit Tang
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yi Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
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8
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Appukutti N, de Vries AH, Gudeangadi PG, Claringbold BR, Garrett MD, Reithofer MR, Serpell CJ. Sequence-complementarity dependent co-assembly of phosphodiester-linked aromatic donor–acceptor trimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12200-12203. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00239f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-defined trimers of phosphodiester-linked aromatic donor–acceptors self-assemble according to monomer order, and co-assemble into new structures with their complementary sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeema Appukutti
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Alex H. de Vries
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant G. Gudeangadi
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Bini R. Claringbold
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Michael R. Reithofer
- Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Strabe. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher J. Serpell
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK
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9
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Ousaka N, Yamamoto S, Iida H, Iwata T, Ito S, Souza R, Hijikata Y, Irle S, Yashima E. Encapsulation of Aromatic Guests in the Bisporphyrin Cavity of a Double-Stranded Spiroborate Helicate: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies and the Encapsulation Mechanism. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10501-10516. [PMID: 34282918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A double-stranded spiroborate helicate bearing a bisporphyrin unit in the middle forms an inclusion complex with electron-deficient aromatic guests that are sandwiched between the porphyrins. In the present study, we systematically investigated the effects of size, electron density, and substituents of a series of aromatic guests on inclusion complex formations within the bisporphyrin. The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors during the guest-encapsulation process were also investigated in detail. The guest-encapsulation abilities in the helicate increased with the increasing core sizes of the electron-deficient aromatic guests and decreased with the increasing bulkiness and number of substituents of the guests. Among the naphthalenediimide derivatives, those with bulky N-substituents at both ends hardly formed an inclusion complex. Instead, they formed a [2]rotaxane-like inclusion complex through the water-mediated dynamic B-O bond cleavage/reformation of the spiroborate groups of the helicate, which enhanced the conformational flexibility of the helicate to enlarge the bisporphyrin cavity and form an inclusion complex. Based on the X-ray crystal structure of a unique pacman-like 1:1 inclusion complex between the helicate and an ammonium cation as well as the molecular dynamics simulation results, a plausible mechanism for the inclusion of a planar aromatic guest within the helicate is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwata
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Rafael Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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10
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Gogoi G, Bhattacharya L, Sahoo SR, Sahu S, Sarma NS, Sharma S. Enhancement of air-stability, π-stacking ability, and charge transport properties of fluoroalkyl side chain engineered n-type naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide compounds. RSC Adv 2021; 11:57-70. [PMID: 35423045 PMCID: PMC8690421 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the impact of fluoroalkyl side chain substitution on the air-stability, π-stacking ability, and charge transport properties of the versatile acceptor moiety naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) has been explored. A density functional theory (DFT) study has been carried out for a series of 24 compounds having different side chains (alkyl, fluoroalkyl) through the imide nitrogen position of NDI moiety. The fluoroalkyl side chain engineered NDI compounds have much deeper highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) than those of their alkyl substituted compounds due to the electron withdrawing nature of fluoroalkyl groups. The higher electron affinity (EA > 2.8 eV) and low-lying LUMO levels (<−4.00 eV) for fluoroalkyl substituted NDIs reveal that they may exhibit better air-stability with superior n-type character. The computed optical absorption spectra (∼386 nm) for all the investigated NDIs using time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) lie in the ultra-violet (UV) region of the solar spectrum. In addition, the low value of the LOLIPOP (Localized Orbital Locator Integrated Pi Over Plane) index for fluoroalkyl side chain comprising NDI compounds indicates better π–π stacking ability. This is also in good agreement for the predicted π–π stacking interaction obtained from a molecular electrostatic potential energy surface (ESP) study. The π–π stacking is thought to be of cofacial interaction for the fluoroalkyl substituted compounds and herringbone interaction for the alkyl substituted compounds. The calculated results shed light on why side chain engineering with fluoroalkyl groups can effectively lead to better air-stability, π-stacking ability and improved charge transport properties. In this study, the impact of fluoroalkyl side chain substitution on the air-stability, π-stacking ability, and charge transport properties of the versatile acceptor moiety naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) has been explored.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautomi Gogoi
- Advanced Materials Laboratory
- Physical Sciences Division
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati-781035
- India
| | - Labanya Bhattacharya
- High Performance Computing Lab
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad
- India
| | - Smruti R. Sahoo
- High Performance Computing Lab
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad
- India
| | - Sridhar Sahu
- High Performance Computing Lab
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad
- India
| | - Neelotpal Sen Sarma
- Advanced Materials Laboratory
- Physical Sciences Division
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati-781035
- India
| | - Sagar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
- Assam Don Bosco University
- Guwahati-782402
- India
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11
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Rani P, Husain A, Shukla A, Singla N, Srivastava AK, Kumar G, Bhasin KK, Kumar G. Functionalized naphthalenediimide based supramolecular charge-transfer complexes via self-assembly and their photophysical properties. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01719a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Two new intermolecular CT complexes having large Stokes shift (>170 nm) and significant fluorescence life-time (∼1.55 ns) have been prepared and exploited for cell imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rani
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Ahmad Husain
- Department of Chemistry
- DAV University Jalandhar
- India
| | - Ananya Shukla
- Department of Biophysics
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | | | - Gulshan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - K. K. Bhasin
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Girijesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
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12
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Van Winkle M, Wallace HOW, Smith N, Pomerene AT, Wood MG, Kaehr B, Reczek JJ. Direct-write orientation of charge-transfer liquid crystals enables polarization-based coding and encryption. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15352. [PMID: 32948782 PMCID: PMC7501303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical polarizers encompass a class of anisotropic materials that pass-through discrete orientations of light and are found in wide-ranging technologies, from windows and glasses to cameras, digital displays and photonic devices. The wire-grids, ordered surfaces, and aligned nanomaterials used to make polarized films cannot be easily reconfigured once aligned, limiting their use to stationary cross-polarizers in, for example, liquid crystal displays. Here we describe a supramolecular material set and patterning approach where the polarization angle in stand-alone films can be precisely defined at the single pixel level and reconfigured following initial alignment. This capability enables new routes for non-binary information storage, retrieval, and intrinsic encryption, and it suggests future technologies such as photonic chips that can be reconfigured using non-contact patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Niquana Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Denison University, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | | | - Michael G Wood
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Bryan Kaehr
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA. .,Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
| | - Joseph J Reczek
- Department of Chemistry, Denison University, Granville, OH, 43023, USA.
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13
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Wight CD, Xiao Q, Wagner HR, Hernandez EA, Lynch VM, Iverson BL. Mechanistic Analysis of Solid-State Colorimetric Switching: Monoalkoxynaphthalene-Naphthalimide Donor–Acceptor Dyads. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17630-17643. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Wight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Qifan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Holden R. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eduardo A. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brent L. Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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14
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Komissarova EA, Dominskiy DI, Zhulanov VE, Abashev GG, Siddiqui A, Singh SP, Sosorev AY, Paraschuk DY. Unraveling the unusual effect of fluorination on crystal packing in an organic semiconductor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1665-1673. [PMID: 31894784 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05455c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Owing to combination of chemical and thermal stability, favorable molecular packing, and efficient electron transport, naphthalene diimide derivatives (NDIs) are promising materials for n-channel organic field effect transistors (OFETs). For tuning the properties of n-conductive organic semiconductors, as well as for improvement of their air stability, fluorination is a frequently used approach. In this study, we demonstrate how very small modification of the molecular structure - fluorine substitution in the p-position of the phenyl rings of N,N'-diphenyl-NDI (Ph-NDI) - dramatically changes the crystal packing but almost does not affect electron transport. We show that this two-atom modification of Ph-NDI changes the molecular packing motif from π-stacking to a herringbone one, in contrast with usually observed improvement of π-stacking with fluorination. This unexpected behavior is mainly attributed to changes in the electrostatic potential of the phenyl rings as a result of fluorination, which alters their relative orientation and modifies the packing of the NDI cores. Nevertheless, though the herringbone packing is typically considered as less favorable for charge transport, the theoretical electron mobility is slightly higher in the fluorinated Ph-NDI. The results obtained improve the understanding of the relationship between the molecular and crystal structures of organic semiconductors and their impact on charge transport, which is of key importance for rational design of high-mobility materials for organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Komissarova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ak. Koroleva 3, Perm 614013, Russia and Perm State University, Bukirev 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Dominskiy
- Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | | | - George G Abashev
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ak. Koroleva 3, Perm 614013, Russia and Perm State University, Bukirev 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Afzal Siddiqui
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surya P Singh
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Andrey Yu Sosorev
- Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia. and Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu Paraschuk
- Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia. and Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
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15
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Park J, Lee SH, Choi MY, Moon CJ, Kim TH. Crystal structure of N, N'-bis-[3-(methyl-sulfan-yl)prop-yl]-1,8:4,5-naphthalene-tetra-carb-oxy-lic di-imide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2019; 75:934-938. [PMID: 31391998 PMCID: PMC6658963 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989019007771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C22H22N2O4S2, was synthesized by the reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-tetra-carb-oxy-lic dianhydride with 3-(methyl-sulfan-yl)propyl-amine. The whole mol-ecule is generated by an inversion operation of the asymmetric unit. This mol-ecule has an anti form with the terminal methyl-thio-propyl groups above and below the aromatic di-imide plane, where four intra-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds are present and the O⋯H⋯S angle is 100.8°. DFT calculations revealed slight differences between the solid state and gas phase structures. In the crystal, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains along the [2 direction. adjacent chains are inter-connected by π-π inter-actions, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the (001) plane. Each two-dimensional layer is further packed in an ABAB sequence along the c-axis direction. Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that van der Waals inter-actions make important contributions to the inter-molecular contacts. The most important contacts found in the Hirshfeld surface analysis are H⋯H (44.2%), H⋯O/O⋯H (18.2%), H⋯C/C⋯H (14.4%), and H⋯S/S⋯H (10.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyeon Park
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 plus) and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Heon Lee
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 plus) and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 plus) and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Joo Moon
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 plus) and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 plus) and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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16
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Deepthi K, Amal RRB, Rajeev VR, Unni KNN, Gowd EB. Directed Assembly of Hierarchical Supramolecular Block Copolymers: A Strategy To Create Donor–Acceptor Charge-Transfer Stacks. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Deepthi
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | | | | | | | - E. Bhoje Gowd
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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17
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Wakchaure VC, Pillai LV, Goudappagouda G, Ranjeesh KC, Chakrabarty S, Ravindranathan S, Rajamohanan PR, Babu SS. Charge transfer liquid: a stable donor–acceptor interaction in the solvent-free liquid state. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9371-9374. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03671g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new charge transfer solvent-free liquid having high stability even with donor–acceptor ratio of 1000 : 1 is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chandrakant Wakchaure
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | | | - Goudappagouda Goudappagouda
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Kayaramkodath Chandran Ranjeesh
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences JD Block
- Sector-III
- Kolkata-700 106
- India
| | - Sapna Ravindranathan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201 002
- India
- Central NMR Facility
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Pattuparambil R. Rajamohanan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201 002
- India
- Central NMR Facility
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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18
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Wenholz DS, Bhadbhade M, Kandemir H, Ho J, Kumar N, Black DS. Substituent effects in solid-state assembly of activated benzotriazoles. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01757c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic donor–acceptor stacking involving electron-rich π-donors and electron-deficient π-acceptors has been utilized in a broad spectrum of diverse applications to great effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hakan Kandemir
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Art and Science
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19
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Lai YY, Huang VH, Lee HT, Yang HR. Stacking Principles on π- and Lamellar Stacking for Organic Semiconductors Evaluated by Energy Decomposition Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:18656-18662. [PMID: 31458431 PMCID: PMC6643516 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two stacking manners, that is, π- and lamellar stacking, are generally found for organic semiconductors, in which the π-stacking occurs between conjugated groups and the lamellar stacking refers to the separation of the conjugated and aliphatic moieties. The stacking principles are yet not well-defined. In this work, extended transition state-natural orbitals for chemical valence (ETS-NOCV), an energy decomposition analysis, is utilized to examine the π- and lamellar stacking for a series of naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (R-NDI) crystals. The crucial role of dispersion is validated. The perception that π-stacking is merely determined by the conjugated moiety is challenged. The stacking principles are associated with the closest packing model. Nanoscopic phase separation of conjugated and aliphatic moieties and the formation of lamellar and herringbone motifs in the R-NDIs can thus be clarified. Moreover, the interactions between NDI and the alkyl chain are investigated, revealing that the interactions can be significant, being contradictory to the conventional point of view. Along with R-NDIs, additional organic crystals consisting of various conjugated functionalities and substituents are also investigated by ETS-NOCV. The sampling scope is up to 108 conjugated molecules. The dominant role of dispersion force irrespective of the variation in the conjugated moieties and substituents is further confirmed. It is envisaged that the established principles are applicable to other organic semiconductors. The perspective toward the π- and lamellar stacking might be modified, paving the way for ultimate morphological control.
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20
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Xu Y, Yuan T, Nour HF, Fang L, Olson MA. Bis‐Bipyridinium Gemini Surfactant‐Based Supramolecular Helical Fibers and Solid State Thermochromism. Chemistry 2018; 24:16558-16569. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Yuan
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255, TAMU College Station TX 77840 USA
| | - Hany F. Nour
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- National Research Centre Chemical Industries Research Division, Department of Photochemistry 33 El Buhouth Street, P.O. Box 12622 Giza Egypt
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255, TAMU College Station TX 77840 USA
| | - Mark A. Olson
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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21
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Dehkordi ME, Luxami V, Pantoş GD. High-Yielding Synthesis of Chiral Donor–Acceptor Catenanes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11654-11660. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay Luxami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Calverton Down, Bath BA27AY, U.K
| | - G. Dan Pantoş
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Calverton Down, Bath BA27AY, U.K
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22
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Li C, Shen C, Nie J, Qiu H. Multi‐Responsive Supramolecular Gels Based on Charge Transfer Interactions. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1678-1682. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
- Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chengshuo Shen
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Jiucheng Nie
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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23
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Van Winkle M, Scrymgeour DA, Kaehr B, Reczek JJ. Laser Rewritable Dichroics through Reconfigurable Organic Charge-Transfer Liquid Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706787. [PMID: 29602188 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Charge-transfer materials based on the self-assembly of aromatic donor-acceptor complexes enable a modular organic-synthetic approach to develop and fine-tune electronic and optical properties, and thus these material systems stand to impact a wide range of technologies. Through laser-induction of temperature gradients, in this study, user-defined patterning of strongly dichroic and piezoelectric organic thin films composed of donor-acceptor columnar liquid crystals is shown. Fine, reversible control over isotropic versus anisotropic regions in thin films is demonstrated, enabling noncontact writing/rewriting of micropolarizers, bar codes, and charge-transfer based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Van Winkle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Denison University, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | - David A Scrymgeour
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Bryan Kaehr
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Joseph J Reczek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Denison University, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
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24
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Ikkanda BA, Iverson BL. Exploiting the interactions of aromatic units for folding and assembly in aqueous environments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7752-9. [PMID: 27080050 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01861k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A variety of non-covalent interactions (including hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, metal coordination and desolvation/solvation) have been utilized to organize oligomers into well-defined structures. Herein is described a survey of aromatic foldamers that capitalize on electrostatic complementarity of substituted aromatic units to drive folding and assembly in aqueous environments. A brief description of recent advances in the understanding of aromatic interactions is provided, followed by examples of foldamers that exploit interactions between aromatic units to drive their assembly in predictable fashion. The history of our aromatic foldamers is traced from the first structure designed to fold into a pleated structure in an aqueous environment to a heteroduplex system more related to nucleic acids. Taken together, the results demonstrate that electrostatic complementarity of aromatic units provides a versatile framework for driving predictable folding and assembly in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Ikkanda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, STOP A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - B L Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, STOP A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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25
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Takai A, Takeuchi M. Catalyst-Free Reaction of Ethynyl-π-Extended Electron Acceptors with Amines. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047
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26
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Bauch M, Krtitschka A, Linker T. Photooxygenation of oxygen-substituted naphthalenes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Bauch
- Chemistry Department; University of Potsdam; Golm Germany
| | | | - Torsten Linker
- Chemistry Department; University of Potsdam; Golm Germany
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27
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Chakraborty S, Kar H, Sikder A, Ghosh S. Steric ploy for alternating donor-acceptor co-assembly and cooperative supramolecular polymerization. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1040-1045. [PMID: 28451242 PMCID: PMC5356505 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of a bulky peripheral wedge destabilizes the homo-assembly of an amide functionalized acceptor (A) monomer and thereby enables the formation of an alternating supramolecular copolymer with an amide appended donor (D) monomer via the synergistic effect of H-bonding and the charge-transfer (CT) interaction with a remarkably high Ka of 31 000 M-1. In sharp contrast, H-bonding driven homo-polymers of A and D are formed by just replacing the bulky chains of the A monomer with linear hydrocarbons. By taking advantage of the clear difference in the critical temperature for the onset of the AA or DD homo-assemblies and DA co-assembly (TDA ≫ TAA or TDD), the supramolecular polymerization pathway of the NDI-monomer could be fully diverted from isodesmic to cooperative in the presence of a small amount of DAN which helped the in situ production of nucleating sites involving the D-A CT-complex at a relatively higher temperature and the subsequent chain growth at TAA following the nucleation-elongation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Chakraborty
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India-700032 .
| | - Haridas Kar
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India-700032 .
| | - Amrita Sikder
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India-700032 .
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India-700032 .
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28
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Al Kobaisi M, Bhosale SV, Latham K, Raynor AM, Bhosale SV. Functional Naphthalene Diimides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:11685-11796. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School
of Applied Sciences, RMIT University
, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria
3001, Australia
| | - Sidhanath V. Bhosale
- Polymers
and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
, Hyderabad, Telangana-500007, India
| | - Kay Latham
- School
of Applied Sciences, RMIT University
, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria
3001, Australia
| | - Aaron M. Raynor
- School
of Applied Sciences, RMIT University
, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria
3001, Australia
| | - Sheshanath V. Bhosale
- School
of Applied Sciences, RMIT University
, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria
3001, Australia
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29
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Mishra AK, Biswas S. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Functionalization of Aromatic Alcohols through Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydroxyl Group. J Org Chem 2016; 81:2355-63. [PMID: 26835717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hydroxyl groups of naphthol and tautomerizable phenol derivatives have been substituted by O-, S-, N-, and C-centered nucleophiles under solvent-free reaction conditions. The products are generated in good to excellent yields. para-Toluenesulfonic acid exhibits the best catalytic activity compared to other Brønsted acids. Experimental observations suggest that the reaction proceeds through the intermediacy of the keto tautomer of naphthol. Nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group followed by elimination of water generates the desired product. The present methodology provides access to substituted naphtho[2,1-b]furan derivatives. The products generated using N-centered nucleophiles can be further transformed to important classes of organic molecules such as benzocarbazole and imidazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Mishra
- Division of Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery, Centre of Bio-Medical Research , SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Srijit Biswas
- Division of Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery, Centre of Bio-Medical Research , SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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Bé AG, Tran C, Sechrist R, Reczek JJ. Strongly Dichroic Organic Films via Controlled Assembly of Modular Aromatic Charge-Transfer Liquid Crystals. Org Lett 2015; 17:4834-7. [PMID: 26375256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Gray Bé
- The Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Denison University, 500 West Loop, Granville, Ohio 43023, United States
| | - Cheryl Tran
- The Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Denison University, 500 West Loop, Granville, Ohio 43023, United States
| | - Riley Sechrist
- The Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Denison University, 500 West Loop, Granville, Ohio 43023, United States
| | - Joseph J. Reczek
- The Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Denison University, 500 West Loop, Granville, Ohio 43023, United States
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Cao M, Hu F, Han X, Zhang Y, Wu D, Liu SH, Yin J. Aggregation Control of Hemicyanine Fluorescent Dye by Using of Cucurbit[7]uril and Pillar[6]arene. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ikkanda BA, Samuel SA, Iverson BL. NDI and DAN DNA: nucleic acid-directed assembly of NDI and DAN. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2029-37. [PMID: 24502543 PMCID: PMC4272063 DOI: 10.1021/jo402704z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two novel DNA base surrogate phosphoramidites 1 and 2, based upon relatively electron-rich 1,5-dialkoxynaphthalene (DAN) and relatively electron-deficient 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (NDI), respectively, were designed, synthesized, and incorporated into DNA oligonucleotide strands. The DAN and NDI artificial DNA bases were inserted within a three-base-pair region within the interior of a 12-mer oligonucleotide duplex in various sequential arrangements and investigated with CD spectroscopy and UV melting curve analysis. The CD spectra of the modified duplexes indicated B-form DNA topology. Melting curve analyses revealed trends in DNA duplex stability that correlate with the known association of DAN and NDI moieties in aqueous solution as well as the known favorable interactions between NDI and natural DNA base pairs. This demonstrates that DNA duplex stability and specificity can be driven by the electrostatic complementarity between DAN and NDI. In the most favorable case, an NDI-DAN-NDI arrangement in the middle of the DNA duplex was found to be approximately as stabilizing as three A-T base pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Ikkanda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Das A, Ghosh S. Supramolekulare Anordnungen mit Charge-Transfer-Wechselwirkungen zwischen Donor- und Akzeptor-Chromophoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Das A, Ghosh S. Supramolecular Assemblies by Charge-Transfer Interactions between Donor and Acceptor Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2038-54. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Lyall CL, Shotton CC, Pérez-Salvia M, Dan Pantoş G, Lewis SE. Direct core functionalisation of naphthalenediimides by iridium catalysed C–H borylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13837-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06522k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first boron-substituted naphthalenediimides (NDIs), prepared by iridium catalysed C–H activation. Both mono- and diborylated products are available, which have been further elaborated by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling.
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Pandeeswar M, Khare H, Ramakumar S, Govindaraju T. Biomimetic molecular organization of naphthalene diimide in the solid state: tunable (chiro-) optical, viscoelastic and nanoscale properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic molecular organization of naphthalene diimide in the solid state: tunable (chiro-) optical, viscoelastic and nanoscale properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pandeeswar
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore 560064, India
| | | | | | - T. Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore 560064, India
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Avinash MB, Sandeepa KV, Govindaraju T. Molecular assembly of amino acid interlinked, topologically symmetric, π-complementary donor-acceptor-donor triads. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1565-71. [PMID: 23946856 PMCID: PMC3740681 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid interlinked pyrene and naphthalenediimide (NDI) based novel donor–acceptor–donor (D-A-D) triads are designed to exploit their topological symmetry and complementary π-character for facile charge-transfer complexation. Consequently, free-floating high-aspect-ratio supercoiled nanofibres and hierarchical helical bundles of triads are realized by modulating the chemical functionality of interlinking amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Avinash
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore-560064, India. ; Tel: +91 80 2208 2969
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Avinash MB, Samanta PK, Sandeepa KV, Pati SK, Govindaraju T. Molecular Architectonics of Stereochemically Constrained π-Complementary Functional Modules. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Alvey PM, Ono RJ, Bielawski CW, Iverson BL. Conjugated NDI–Donor Polymers: Exploration of Donor Size and Electrostatic Complementarity. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302340u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Alvey
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Robert J. Ono
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Brent L. Iverson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
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Lista M, Orentas E, Areephong J, Charbonnaz P, Wilson A, Zhao Y, Bolag A, Sforazzini G, Turdean R, Hayashi H, Domoto Y, Sobczuk A, Sakai N, Matile S. Self-organizing surface-initiated polymerization, templated self-sorting and templated stack exchange: synthetic methods to build complex systems. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1754-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27303b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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41
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Herrera H, de Echegaray P, Urdanpilleta M, Mancheño MJ, Mena-Osteritz E, Bäuerle P, Segura JL. Linear and star-shaped naphthalimide-fused pyrazinacenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:713-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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42
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Orentas E, Sakai N, Matile S. Stereoselective Self-Sorting on Surfaces: Transcription of Chiral Information. Chirality 2012; 25:107-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva; Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva; Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva; Switzerland
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A quantitative model for the transcription of 2D patterns into functional 3D architectures. Nat Chem 2012; 4:746-50. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Das A, Molla MR, Maity B, Koley D, Ghosh S. Hydrogen-bonding induced alternate stacking of donor (D) and acceptor (A) chromophores and their supramolecular switching to segregated states. Chemistry 2012; 18:9849-59. [PMID: 22782621 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports comprehensive studies on the mixed assembly of bis-(trialkoxybenzamide)-functionalized dialkoxynaphthalene (DAN) donors and naphthalene-diimide (NDI) acceptors due the cooperative effects of hydrogen bonding, charge-transfer (CT) interactions, and solvophobic effects. A series of DAN as well as NDI building blocks have been examined (wherein the relative distance between the two amide groups in a particular chromophore is the variable structural parameter) to understand the structure-dependent variation in mode of supramolecular assembly and morphology (organogel, reverse vesicle, etc.) of the self-assembled material. Interestingly, it was observed that when the amide functionalities are introduced to enhance the self-assembly propensity, the mode of co-assembly among the DAN and NDI chromophores no longer remained trivial and was dictated by a relatively stronger hydrogen-bonding interaction instead of a weak CT interaction. Consequently, in a highly non-polar solvent like methylcyclohexane (MCH), although kinetically controlled CT-gelation was initially noticed, within a few hours the system sacrificed the CT-interaction and switched over to the more stable self-sorted gel to maximize the gain in enthalpy from the hydrogen-bonding interaction. In contrast, in a relatively less non-polar solvent such as tetrachloroethylene (TCE), in which the strength of hydrogen bonding is inherently weak, the contribution of the CT interaction also had to be accounted for along with hydrogen bonding leading to a stable CT-state in the gel or solution phase. The stability and morphology of the CT complex and rate of supramolecular switching (from CT to segregated state) were found to be greatly influenced by subtle structural variation of the building blocks, solvent polarity, and the DAN/NDI ratio. For example, in a given D-A pair, by introducing just one methylene unit in the spacer segment of either of the building blocks a complete change in the mode of co-assembly (CT state or segregated state) and the morphology (1D fiber to 2D reverse vesicle) was observed. The role of solvent polarity, structural variation, and D/A ratio on the nature of co-assembly, morphology, and the unprecedented supramolecular-switching phenomenon have been studied by detail spectroscopic and microscopic experiments in a gel as well as in the solution state and are well supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Das
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Rd. Kolkata-700032, India
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Sakai N, Matile S. Multistep organic synthesis of modular photosystems. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:897-904. [PMID: 23015840 PMCID: PMC3388880 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Quite extensive synthetic achievements vanish in the online supporting information of publications on functional systems. Underappreciated, their value is recognized by experts only. As an example, we here focus in on the recent synthesis of multicomponent photosystems with antiparallel charge-transfer cascades in co-axial hole- and electron-transporting channels. The synthetic steps are described one-by-one, starting with commercial starting materials and moving on to key intermediates, such as asparagusic acid, an intriguing natural product, as well as diphosphonate “feet”, and panchromatic naphthalenediimides (NDIs), to finally reach the target molecules. These products are initiators and propagators for self-organizing surface-initiated polymerization (SOSIP), a new method introduced to secure facile access to complex architectures. Chemoorthogonal to the ring-opening disulfide exchange used for SOSIP, hydrazone exchange is then introduced to achieve stack exchange, which is a “switching” technology invented to drill giant holes into SOSIP architectures and fill them with functional π-stacks of free choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Miyake Y, Nagata T, Tanaka H, Yamazaki M, Ohta M, Kokawa R, Ogawa T. Entropy-controlled 2D supramolecular structures of N,N'-bis(n-alkyl)naphthalenediimides on a HOPG surface. ACS NANO 2012; 6:3876-3887. [PMID: 22468777 DOI: 10.1021/nn205006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The two-dimensional supramolecular structures of a series of N,N'-bis(n-alkyl)naphthalenediimides (NDIs), whose chain lengths span from C3 to C18, at a liquid-HOPG surface interface, studied by STM and FM-AFM, are assigned with the help of molecular dynamics/molecular mechanics calculations to demonstrate that the C3- and C4-NDIs show lamellar structures, the C4- to C12-NDIs show honeycomb (KAGOME) structures, and the C14- to C18-NDIs show lamellar structures again. The change in supramolecular structure depending on chain length can be explained semiquantitatively by the balance of entropy and enthalpy terms to show the importance of "self-avoiding walk" of the alkyl chain in entropy terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyake
- Research Center for Molecular-Scale Nanoscience, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
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Klivansky LM, Hanifi D, Koshkakaryan G, Holycross DR, Gorski EK, Wu Q, Chai M, Liu Y. A complementary disk-shaped π electron donor–acceptor pair with high binding affinity. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20241g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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48
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Lin NT, Vargas Jentzsch A, Guénée L, Neudörfl JM, Aziz S, Berkessel A, Orentas E, Sakai N, Matile S. Enantioselective self-sorting on planar, π-acidic surfaces of chiral anion-π transporters. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc01013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lista M, Areephong J, Orentas E, Charbonnaz P, Sakai N, Matile S. Engineering antiparallel charge-transfer cascades into supramolecular n/p-heterojunction photosystems: Toward directional self-sorting on surfaces. Faraday Discuss 2012; 155:63-77; discussion 103-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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