1
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Witkowska M, Maciejewska N, Ryczkowska M, Olszewski M, Bagiński M, Makowiec S. From tryptophan to novel mitochondria-disruptive agent, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,3,6-tetrasubstituted carbazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Sharma A, Kumar A, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS): A Third Wave for the Preparation of Peptides. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13516-13546. [PMID: 35816287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the last century, peptides have gained wide acceptance as drugs, with almost 100 already in the market and a large number in the pipeline. In this context, peptide synthesis has grown massively as a stringent field for pharmaceuticals around the globe. Three methodologies, namely, classical solution peptide synthesis (CSPS), solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), and liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS), have made significant contributions to the field. This review provides a comprehensive and integrated vision of LPPS as the third wave for peptide synthesis. LPPS combines the advantages of CSPS and SPPS, where peptide elongation is carried out in solution and the growing peptide chain is supported on a soluble tag, which confers characteristic properties. LPPS protocols allow the large-scale production of peptides and reduce the use of excess reagents and solvents, thus meeting the principles of green chemistry. In this review, tags associated with LPPS are broadly discussed under the following headings: polydisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG), membrane-enhanced peptide synthesis (MEPS), fluorous technology, ionic liquids (ILs), PolyCarbon, hydrophobic polymers, and group-assisted purification (GAP). It also highlights the signature accomplishments of LPPS tags and the limitations of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry, Prayoga Institute of Education Research (PIER), Bangalore 560082, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.,KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.,Anthem Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., No 49 Canara Bank Road, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Phase I Bommasandra, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.,Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Bisht B, Madhavan N. Quick Access to High-Purity Peptide Drugs Bradykinin, Leuprolide Analogue, 2(PZ-128), and Rapastinel with Minimal Reagents. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17667-17672. [PMID: 34823358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Peptide drugs bradykinin, a leuprolide analogue, 2(PZ-128), and rapastinel are synthesized in 56-77% yield using heating-assisted liquid-phase peptide synthesis on a soluble polynorbornene support. These drugs of commercial utility and complex structures are obtained in 2-5.5 h with no epimerization and >95% purity using only 1.2 equivalents of amino acids and coupling reagents. The peptide yield and purity are comparable or superior to the reported methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Bisht
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Nandita Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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4
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Yamagami S, Okada Y, Kitano Y, Chiba K. Peptide Head‐to‐Tail Cyclization: A “Molecular Claw” Approach. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Yamagami
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitano
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
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5
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Li H, Ren J, Li J, Zhang Z, Chang N, Qin C. Greener liquid-phase synthesis and the ACE inhibitory structure-activity relationship of an anti-SARS octapeptide. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8433-8442. [PMID: 33057549 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A high-efficiency strategy for resin-free and large scale liquid phase synthesis of the anti-SARS octapeptide AVLQSGFR is described. Herein, tri(4'-diphenylphosphonyloxylbenzoyl phenyl)phosphate (TDPBP) derivatives were designed as C-terminal supports to aid octapeptide intermediate purification without the need for chromatographic separation. Furthermore, the ACE inhibitory structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the anti-SARS octapeptide and its alanine-scanning analogues was systematically studied by in vitro assay and 3D-QSAR via molecular docking. This paper provides a new strategy for the development of peptide-based drugs. Simultaneously, a study on the ACE inhibition and structure-activity relationship of the anti-SARS octapeptide also lays a foundation for further understanding how the anti-SARS octapeptide acts as an ACE inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Junyou Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Ninghui Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanguang Qin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
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6
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Li H, Chao J, Hasan J, Tian G, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Qin C. Synthesis of Tri(4-formylphenyl) Phosphonate Derivatives as Recyclable Triple-Equivalent Supports of Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6271-6280. [PMID: 32320241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To seek the novel application of organophosphorus compounds, the designed tri(4-formylphenyl) phosphonate (TFP) derivatives were successfully synthesized herein, which were used as C-terminal protecting groups of amino acid or greener triple-equivalent supports in liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS). Through the support-aided precipitation effect of TFP derivatives, the peptide intermediates during peptide synthesis were separated and collected via rapid precipitation and facile filtration without chromatographic purification. Furthermore, the TFP derivative support can be directly recycled for reuse without further regeneration after being sheared from the target peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Jaafar Hasan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Guang Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Yatao Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Chuanguang Qin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
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7
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Li H, Chao J, Zhang Z, Tian G, Li J, Chang N, Qin C. Liquid-Phase Total Synthesis of Plecanatide Aided by Diphenylphosphinyloxyl Diphenyl Ketone (DDK) Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:3323-3328. [PMID: 32275447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plecanatide is an oral guanylate cyclase-C agonist for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The large-scale supply of plecanatide is restrained primarily by its industrial manufacture. Herein we developed diphenylphosphinyloxyl diphenyl ketone (DDK) derivatives as greener supports with unique precipitation-inducing properties to aid the liquid-phase total synthesis of plecanatide without the use of chromatography. Plecanatide could be obtained in high yield, and the ultimately sheared DDK derivative residue could be directly recycled or regenerated for reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Guang Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Ninghui Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Chuanguang Qin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology, OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, P. R. China
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8
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Li H, Chao J, Tian G, Hasan J, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Qin C. Resin-free peptide synthesis mediated by tri(4-benzoylphenyl) phosphate (TBP) derivatives as small-molecule supports. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01480b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel tri(4-benzoylphenyl) phosphate (TBP) derivatives with unique precipitation-inducing properties were synthesized and used as C-terminal protecting groups of amino acids and recyclable supports in peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Jie Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Guang Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Jaafar Hasan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Yatao Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
| | - Chuanguang Qin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science & Technology
- OME Key Laboratory of Supernormal Material Physics & Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
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9
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Bisht B, Naganna N, Madhavan N. A rink-amide soluble support: high purity conotoxins and other peptides accessed with minimal reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7238-7246. [PMID: 31328741 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of peptides as therapeutics has been growing due to their biocompatibility. Solid phase peptide synthesis typically used to access these peptides requires excess reagents and/or microwave irradiation to drive reactions to completion because the reaction medium is heterogeneous. Reported herein is a soluble polynorbornene support containing rink amide attached sites for synthesizing oligopeptides and conotoxins in high purity using only 1.2 to 2 equivalents of coupling reagents. The support can be isolated as a precipitate from the reaction medium by adding ether. The loading capacity of the support can be easily determined by spectroscopy and can also be tuned by varying the monomer ratio. This support is promising for accessing peptides as the methodology uses minimal reagents and by-products can be easily separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Bisht
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India.
| | - Nimmashetti Naganna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Nandita Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India.
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10
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Kamauchi H, Kinoshita K, Sugita T, Koyama K. Conditional changes enhanced production of bioactive metabolites of marine derived fungus Eurotium rubrum. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4911-4914. [PMID: 27641468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites of marine derived fungus Eurotium rubrum MPUC136 differed between cultivation on wheat medium and Czapek-Dox agar medium. Melanin synthesis inhibitory activity of crude extract of culture on wheat medium showed stronger activity than that of crude extract of culture on Czapek-Dox agar medium. A new diketopiperazine compound isoechinulin D (1) and eight reported diketopiperazines (2-9) were isolated from the crude extract of wheat medium. The structure of 1 was established using NMR, MS and IR methods. 2-5 inhibited melanogenesis using B16 melanoma cells (IC50=68, 2.4, 83, 9.1μM each). Structure-Activity-Relationships of diketopiperazines (1-10) indicated the importance of the prenyl groups at C-2, C-5 and C-7, the vinyl group at C-12 to C-25 and the sp2 carbons at C-8 and C-9. Isolated compounds (1-9) were not or slightly observed from the extracts of Czapek-Dox agar medium by HPLC analysis, suggesting that different cultivation processes could affect metabolism and enhance bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kamauchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kinoshita
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugita
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Koyama
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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11
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2014. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Huang Y, Feng WH. N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide/N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (BSA/NHS) as coupling agents for dipeptide synthesis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Okada Y, Wakamatsu H, Sugai M, Kauppinen EI, Chiba K. Acid-Triggered Colorimetric Hydrophobic Benzyl Alcohols for Soluble Tag-Assisted Liquid-Phase Synthesis. Org Lett 2015; 17:4264-7. [PMID: 26274781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple screening of acid-triggered reactions of methoxybenzyl alcohols led to the development of a novel colorimetric hydrophobic benzyl alcohol (HBA) tag. HBA tag-3 (14) retained high solubility in less polar solvents and excellent precipitation properties in polar solvents. Our routine procedure for tag-assisted liquid phase peptide synthesis was applied using HBA tag-3 (14), and an effective synthesis of β-sheet breaker peptide iAβ5 (4) was achieved. The tagged peptides showed a vivid blue color under acidic conditions both on TLC plates and in solution, enabling quantitative assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Okada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroki Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masae Sugai
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.,Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , Puumiehenkuja 2, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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14
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Abstract
A soluble polynorbornene support containing an oligoether linker as well as alkyl and oligoether side chains has been developed and used to synthesize Leu5-Enkephalin in 52% overall yield using only 1.2 equivalents of coupling reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nandita Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Chennai
- India
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