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Fatykhov RF, Khalymbadzha IA, Sharapov AD, Potapova AP, Mochulskaya NN, Tsmokalyuk AN, Ivoilova AV, Mozharovskaia PN, Santra S, Chupakhin ON. MnO 2-Mediated Oxidative Cyclization of "Formal" Schiff's Bases: Easy Access to Diverse Naphthofuro-Annulated Triazines. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27207105. [PMID: 36296698 PMCID: PMC9611995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A different type of MnO2-induced oxidative cyclization of dihydrotriazines has been developed. These dihydrotriazines are considered as a "formal" Schiff's base. This method provided easy access to naphthofuro-fused triazine via the C-C/C-O oxidative coupling reaction. The reaction sequence comprised the nucleophilic addition of 2-naphthol or phenol to 1,2,4-triazine, followed by oxidative cyclization. The scope and limitations of this novel coupling reaction have been investigated. Further application of the synthesized compound has been demonstrated by synthesizing carbazole-substituted benzofuro-fused triazines. The scalability of the reaction was demonstrated at a 40 mmol load. The mechanistic study strongly suggests that this reaction proceeds through the formation of an O-coordinated manganese complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramil F. Fatykhov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor A. Khalymbadzha
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ainur D. Sharapov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia P. Potapova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Nataliya N. Mochulskaya
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anton N. Tsmokalyuk
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Ivoilova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Polina N. Mozharovskaia
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sougata Santra
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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2
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Huang H, Shang J, Wang S. Physiology of a Hybrid Pathway for Nicotine Catabolism in Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:598207. [PMID: 33281798 PMCID: PMC7688666 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.598207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is a major N-heterocyclic aromatic alkaloid produced in tobacco plants and the main toxic chemical in tobacco waste. Due to its complex physiological effects and toxicity, it has become a concern both in terms of public health and the environment. A number of bacteria belonging to the genera Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas can degrade nicotine via the pyridine and pyrrollidine pathways. Recently, a novel hybrid of the pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways (also known as the VPP pathway) was found in the Rhizobiale group bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens S33, Shinella sp. HZN7 and Ochrobactrum sp. SJY1 as well as in other group bacteria. The special mosaic pathway has attracted much attention from microbiologists in terms of the study of their molecular and biochemical mechanisms. This will benefit the development of new biotechnologies in terms of the use of nicotine, the enzymes involved in its catabolism, and the microorganisms capable of degrading the alkaloid. In this pathway, some metabolites are hydroxylated in the pyridine ring or modified in the side chain with active groups, which can be used as precursors for the synthesis of some important compounds in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Moreover, some enzymes may be used for industrial biocatalysis to transform pyridine derivatives into desired chemicals. Here, we review the molecular and biochemical basis of the hybrid nicotine-degrading pathway and discuss the electron transport in its oxidative degradation for energy conservation and bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jinmeng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Palanivel L, Gnanasambandam V. Diversity oriented multi-component reaction (DOS-MCR) approach to access natural product analogues: regio- and chemo-selective synthesis of polyheterocyclic scaffolds via one-pot cascade reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3082-3092. [PMID: 32255173 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletally diverse and complex aza-cyclopenta(cd)diindene, pyrrolo(3,4-d)pyridine-13-carboxamide, and furo-pyrrolo(1,2-a)imidazole-4-carboxamide fused polyheterocyclic hybrid scaffolds and a furo(2,3-b)furan core have been accessed via one-pot three-component reaction by exploiting the build/couple/pair strategy of diversity oriented synthesis (DOS). This protocol is metal free, has a good substrate scope and affords products with good to excellent yields and regio- and chemo-selectivity. The heterocyclic skeletons obtained in this study mimic natural products such as eupolauramine, gracilamine and presilphiperfolanol.
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Characterization of a Novel Nicotine Hydroxylase from Pseudomonas sp. ZZ-5 That Catalyzes the Conversion of 6-Hydroxy-3-Succinoylpyridine into 2,5-Dihydroxypyridine. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7090257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Govindaraju S, Tabassum S, Khan RUR, Pasha MA. Meglumine catalyzed one-pot green synthesis of novel 4,7-dihydro-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-amines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhu J, Enamorado MF, Comins DL. Synthesis of C-4 Substituted Amido Nicotine Derivatives via Copper(I)- and (II)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11529-11534. [PMID: 27768301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of seven novel amido nicotine derivatives 12-18 from (S)-nicotine are presented. (S)-Nicotine and (S)-6-chloronicotine derivatives were cross-coupled with the corresponding amides 6-10 at the C-4 position of the pyridine ring via copper(I)-mediated reactions. Derivatives 16-18 were also obtained via copper(II)-mediated reactions from (S)-nicotine containing a C-4 boronic acid pinacol ester group. The optimization of reaction conditions for both routes provided a useful method for preparing C-4 amide-containing nicotine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Monica F Enamorado
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Daniel L Comins
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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7
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He Y, Liu S, Wen P, Tian W, Ren X, Zhou Q, Ma H, Huang G. Iodine-Catalyzed Regioselective Sulfenylation of Indoles with Thiols in Water. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin He
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Shengkang Liu
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Ping Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Baoji University of Arts and Science; Baoji 721016 China
| | - Wanfa Tian
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Xiaoyu Ren
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Qiangxiao Zhou
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Haojie Ma
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
| | - Guosheng Huang
- Affiliation a State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
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He Y, Wu Z, Ma C, Zhou X, Liu X, Wang X, Huang G. Palladium-Catalyzed Selective CH Activation: A Simple Method to Synthesize C-3 Site Arylated Quinoline Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Jasselin-Hinschberger A, Comoy C, Chartoire A, Fort Y. Elaboration of Furopyridine Scaffolds. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Tu XJ, Hao WJ, Ye Q, Wang SS, Jiang B, Li G, Tu SJ. Four-component bicyclization approaches to skeletally diverse pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11110-8. [PMID: 25338160 PMCID: PMC4242041 DOI: 10.1021/jo502096t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel four-component bicyclization strategy has been established, allowing a flexible and practical approach to 37 examples of multicyclic pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines from low-cost and readily accessible arylglyoxals, pyrazol-5-amines, aromatic amines, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one, and cyclohexane-1,3-diones. The polysubstituted cyclopenta[d]pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines were stereoselectively synthesized through a microwave-assisted special [3+2+1]/[3+2] bicyclization with good control of the spatial configuration of exocyclic double bonds. The novel [3+2+1]/[2+2+1] bicyclization resulted in 17 examples of unreported pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolones. Reasonable mechanisms for forming two new types of multicyclic pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jun Tu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ye
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute
of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green
Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
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11
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Li H, Xie K, Huang H, Wang S. 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine hydroxylase catalyzes a central step of nicotine degradation in Agrobacterium tumefaciens S33. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103324. [PMID: 25054198 PMCID: PMC4108407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is a main alkaloid in tobacco and is also the primary toxic compound in tobacco wastes. It can be degraded by bacteria via either pyridine pathway or pyrrolidine pathway. Previously, a fused pathway of the pyridine pathway and the pyrrolidine pathway was proposed for nicotine degradation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens S33, in which 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine (HSP) is a key intermediate connecting the two pathways. We report here the purification and properties of an NADH-dependent HSP hydroxylase from A. tumefaciens S33. The 90-kDa homodimeric flavoprotein catalyzed the oxidative decarboxylation of HSP to 2,5-dihydroxypyridine (2,5-DHP) in the presence of NADH and FAD at pH 8.0 at a specific rate of about 18.8 ± 1.85 µmol min-1 mg protein-1. Its gene was identified by searching the N-terminal amino acid residues of the purified protein against the genome draft of the bacterium. It encodes a protein composed of 391 amino acids with 62% identity to HSP hydroxylase (HspB) from Pseudomonas putida S16, which degrades nicotine via the pyrrolidine pathway. Considering the application potential of 2,5-DHP in agriculture and medicine, we developed a route to transform HSP into 2,5-DHP with recombinant HSP hydroxylase and an NADH-regenerating system (formate, NAD+ and formate dehydrogenase), via which around 0.53 ± 0.03 mM 2,5-DHP was produced from 0.76 ± 0.01 mM HSP with a molar conversion as 69.7%. This study presents the biochemical properties of the key enzyme HSP hydroxylase which is involved in the fused nicotine degradation pathway of the pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways and a new green route to biochemically synthesize functionalized 2,5-DHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Kebo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, PR China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
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12
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Ren X, Wen P, Shi X, Wang Y, Li J, Yang S, Yan H, Huang G. Palladium-Catalyzed C-2 Selective Arylation of Quinolines. Org Lett 2013; 15:5194-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Sizhuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Guosheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Slowinski F, Ben Ayad O, Ziyaret O, Botuha C, Le Falher L, Aouane K, Thorimbert S. Expeditive Access to 2-Substituted 4H-Pyrido[1,3]oxazin-4-ones via an Intramolecular O-Arylation. Org Lett 2013; 15:3494-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401516e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Slowinski
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Omar Ben Ayad
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ozge Ziyaret
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Candice Botuha
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Le Falher
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kamel Aouane
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Serge Thorimbert
- Sanofi R&D, Exploratory Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin Cedex, France, and UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 Place Jussieu, C. 43, 75005 Paris, France
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14
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Comins DL, Higuchi K, Young DW. Dihydropyridine Preparation and Application in the Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-408100-0.00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Wang S, Huang H, Xie K, Xu P. Identification of nicotine biotransformation intermediates by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain S33 suggests a novel nicotine degradation pathway. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1567-78. [PMID: 22466953 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine, a major alkaloid in tobacco plants and the main toxic chemical in tobacco wastes, can be transformed by bacteria into hydroxylated-pyridine intermediates, which are important precursors for the chemical synthesis of valuable drugs and insecticides. Such biotransformation could be a useful approach to utilize tobacco and its wastes. In this study, we explored nicotine degradation by a recently isolated Agrobacterium tumefaciens S33 by identifying the intermediates during its growth on nicotine and during transformation of nicotine with its resting cells. Five hydroxylated-pyridine intermediates were detected through multiple approaches, including GC-HR-MS, HPLC, and ESI-Q-TOF MS analyses. Surprisingly, these identified intermediates suggest that strain S33 employs a novel pathway that is different from the two characterized pathways described in Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas. Based on these findings, we propose that strain S33 is able to transform nicotine to 6-hydroxy-pseudooxynicotine first via the pyridine pathway through 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine and 6-hydroxy-N-methylmyosmine, and then, it turns to the pyrrolidine pathway with the formation of 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine. The activities of the key enzymes, nicotine dehydrogenase, 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine oxidase, and 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine hydroxylase, were demonstrated in the cell extract of strain S33 and by partially enriched enzymes. Moreover, the cell extract could transform 6-hydroxy-pseudooxynicotine into 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine by coupling with 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine oxidation reaction by 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine oxidase. These results indicated that strain S33 can transform nicotine into renewable hydroxylated-pyridine intermediates by the special pathway, in which at least three intermediates, 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine, 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine, and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine, have potential to be further chemically modified into useful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China,
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16
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Ye M, Gao GL, Yu JQ. Ligand-Promoted C-3 Selective C–H Olefination of Pyridines with Pd Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6964-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2021075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengchun Ye
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Guo-Lin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Enamorado MF, Ondachi PW, Comins DL. A five-step synthesis of (S)-macrostomine from (S)-nicotine. Org Lett 2011; 12:4513-5. [PMID: 20860394 DOI: 10.1021/ol101887b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of (S)-macrostomine has been accomplished in five steps from natural nicotine in 19% overall yield via a pyridyne Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction as the key step. A Kumada cross-coupling reaction on a 1-chloroisoquinoline intermediate provided the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica F Enamorado
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
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