1
|
Silva F, Cabral Campello MP, Paulo A. Radiolabeled Gold Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy of Cancer. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 14:E4. [PMID: 33375074 PMCID: PMC7792784 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the Last decades, nanotechnology has provided novel and alternative methodologies and tools in the field of medical oncology, in order to tackle the issues regarding the control and treatment of cancer in modern society. In particular, the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in radiopharmaceutical development has provided various nanometric platforms for the delivery of medically relevant radioisotopes for SPECT/PET diagnosis and/or radionuclide therapy. In this review, we intend to provide insight on the methodologies used to obtain and characterize radiolabeled AuNPs while reporting relevant examples of AuNPs developed during the last decade for applications in nuclear imaging and/or radionuclide therapy, and highlighting the most significant preclinical studies and results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Silva
- CTN—Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (F.S.); (M.P.C.C.)
| | - Maria Paula Cabral Campello
- CTN—Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (F.S.); (M.P.C.C.)
- DECN—Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- CTN—Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (F.S.); (M.P.C.C.)
- DECN—Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vidu R, Matei E, Predescu AM, Alhalaili B, Pantilimon C, Tarcea C, Predescu C. Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewaters: A Challenge from Current Treatment Methods to Nanotechnology Applications. TOXICS 2020; 8:E101. [PMID: 33182698 PMCID: PMC7711730 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Removing heavy metals from wastewaters is a challenging process that requires constant attention and monitoring, as heavy metals are major wastewater pollutants that are not biodegradable and thus accumulate in the ecosystem. In addition, the persistent nature, toxicity and accumulation of heavy metal ions in the human body have become the driving force for searching new and more efficient water treatment technologies to reduce the concentration of heavy metal in waters. Because the conventional techniques will not be able to keep up with the growing demand for lower heavy metals levels in drinking water and wastewaters, it is becoming increasingly challenging to implement technologically advanced alternative water treatments. Nanotechnology offers a number of advantages compared to other methods. Nanomaterials are more efficient in terms of cost and volume, and many process mechanisms are better and faster at nanoscale. Although nanomaterials have already proved themselves in water technology, there are specific challenges related to their stability, toxicity and recovery, which led to innovations to counteract them. Taking into account the multidisciplinary research of water treatment for the removal of heavy metals, the present review provides an updated report on the main technologies and materials used for the removal of heavy metals with an emphasis on nanoscale materials and processes involved in the heavy metals removal and detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Vidu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ecaterina Matei
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Andra Mihaela Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Badriyah Alhalaili
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait;
| | - Cristian Pantilimon
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudia Tarcea
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristian Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adhikari M, Echeverria E, Risica G, McIlroy DN, Nippe M, Vasquez Y. Synthesis of Magnetite Nanorods from the Reduction of Iron Oxy-Hydroxide with Hydrazine. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22440-22448. [PMID: 32923802 PMCID: PMC7482305 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanowires and nanorods of magnetite (Fe3O4) are of interest due to their varied biological applications but most importantly for their use as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. One-dimensional (1D) structures of magnetite, however, are more challenging to synthesize because the surface energy favors the formation of isotropic structures. Synthetic protocols can be dichotomous, producing either the 1D structure or the magnetite phase but not both. Here, superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanorods were prepared in solution by the reduction of iron oxy-hydroxide (β-FeOOH) nanoneedles with hydrazine (N2H4). The amount of hydrazine and the reaction time affected the phase and morphology of the resulting iron oxide nanoparticles. One-dimensional nanostructures of Fe3O4 could be produced consistently from various aspect ratios of β-FeOOH nanoneedles, although the length of the template was not retained. Fe3O4 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menuka Adhikari
- Department
of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences I, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Elena Echeverria
- Department
of Physics, Oklahoma State University, 145 Physical Sciences II, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Gabrielle Risica
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843, United
States
| | - David N. McIlroy
- Department
of Physics, Oklahoma State University, 145 Physical Sciences II, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Michael Nippe
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843, United
States
| | - Yolanda Vasquez
- Department
of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences I, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Andrade RGD, Veloso SRS, Castanheira EMS. Shape Anisotropic Iron Oxide-Based Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2455. [PMID: 32244817 PMCID: PMC7178053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on iron oxide-based magnetic nanoparticles and their clinical use has been, so far, mainly focused on the spherical shape. However, efforts have been made to develop synthetic routes that produce different anisotropic shapes not only in magnetite nanoparticles, but also in other ferrites, as their magnetic behavior and biological activity can be improved by controlling the shape. Ferrite nanoparticles show several properties that arise from finite-size and surface effects, like high magnetization and superparamagnetism, which make them interesting for use in nanomedicine. Herein, we show recent developments on the synthesis of anisotropic ferrite nanoparticles and the importance of shape-dependent properties for biomedical applications, such as magnetic drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. A brief discussion on toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles is also included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisabete M. S. Castanheira
- Centre of Physics (CFUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (R.G.D.A.); (S.R.S.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kadasala NR, Saei M, Cheng GJ, Wei A. Dry Etching with Nanoparticles: Formation of High Aspect-Ratio Pores and Channels Using Magnetic Gold Nanoclusters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1703091. [PMID: 29194793 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods for generating nanopores in substrates typically involve one or more wet-etching steps. Here a fundamentally different approach to produce nanopores in sheet substrates under dry, ambient conditions, using nanosecond-pulsed laser irradiation and magnetic gold nanoclusters (MGNCs) as the etching agents is described. Thermoplastic films (50-75 µm thickness) are coated with MGNCs then exposed to laser pulses with a coaxial magnetic field gradient, resulting in high-aspect ratio channels with tapered cross sections as characterized by confocal fluorescence tomography. The dry-etching process is applicable to a wide variety of substrates ranging from fluoropolymers to borosilicate glass, with etch rates in excess of 1 µm s-1 . Finite-element modeling suggests that the absorption of laser pulses by MGNCs can produce temperature spikes of nearly 1000 °C, which is sufficient for generating photoacoustic responses that can drive particles into the medium, guided by magnetomotive force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Reddy Kadasala
- Department of Chemistry and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mojib Saei
- School of Industrial Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Gary J Cheng
- School of Industrial Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Alexander Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kristavchuk OV, Nikiforov IV, Kukushkin VI, Nechaev AN, Apel PY. Immobilization of silver nanoparticles obtained by electric discharge method on a track membrane surface. COLLOID JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x17050088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
7
|
Synthesizing Iron Oxide Nanostructures: The Polyethylenenemine (PEI) Role. CRYSTALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst7010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
8
|
Mahmoud MA. Silver Nanodisk Monolayers with Surface Coverage Gradients for Use as Optical Rulers and Protractors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:11631-11638. [PMID: 27726401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal silver nanodisks (AgNDs) are assembled into a monolayer with a coverage density gradient (CDG) on the surface of flat and cylindrical substrates using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. Compressing the LB monolayers during transfer to the substrates causes the CDG assembly of the AgNDs. By functionalizing the AgNDs with poly(ethylene glycol), it is possible to control their order inside the LB monolayer assembly by changing the deposition surface pressure. Well-separated AgNDs, 2D aggregates with different numbers of particles, and highly packed 2D arrays are formed as the deposition surface pressure is increased. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectra collected at different separation distances from the highest coverage spot (HCS) of the CDG AgND arrays on a flat substrate are blue-shifted, and the shift increases systematically upon increasing the distance. The relationship among the LSPR peak position, the peak intensity at a fixed wavelength, and the corresponding separation distance from the HCS is fitted exponentially. A similar systematic blue shift in the LSPR spectrum of the CDG AgND monolayer on a cylindrical substrate is obtained when the substrate is rotated at different angles relative to the HCS. The fabricated CDG AgND monolayers can potentially be used for optically measuring distances and angles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mahmoud MA. Overgrowth of Silver Nanodisks on a Substrate into Vertically Aligned Nanopillars for Chromatic Light Polarization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23827-23836. [PMID: 27561747 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned and well-separated 1D silver nanopillars (AgNPLs) are prepared on a large-area quartz surface using a robust colloidal chemical technique. Silver nanodisk (AgND) monolayers were first deposited on quartz using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, and the presence of the substrate induced asymmetric chemical overgrowth of the AgNDs into AgNPLs. The height and diameter of the prepared AgNPLs were controlled by changing the rate of the overgrowth reaction. Chloride ions were used during overgrowth to etch the silver atoms that formed sharp features on the sides of the AgNDs and to limit growth in the lateral direction. The grown AgNPLs displayed two surface plasmon resonance modes corresponding to the transverse and longitudinal electron oscillations. The intensity of the longitudinal mode increased by a factor of 9 while the intensity of the transverse mode decreased by a factor of 2.5 upon increasing the angle of incidence of the exciting light from 0° to 60°. This interesting property makes these AgNPL arrays on quartz useful as chromatic light polarizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Laser Dynamics Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang T, Zhang L, Jin H, Wang X, Zhou J. In situ controlled sputtering deposition of gold nanoparticles on MnO2 nanorods as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates for molecular detection. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:7606-12. [PMID: 25812162 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03774j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-crystal tetragonal α-MnO2 nanorods with different amounts of gold nanoparticles (NPs) attached were successfully prepared by a facile sputtering deposition technique. Initially, the morphology and crystal structure of the bare α-MnO2 nanorods synthesized via a hydrothermal approach were investigated. Then, the amount of gold NPs at different sputtering times was analyzed. It was confirmed that the amount of the decorated gold NPs increased with the lengthening of the sputtering time until they completely covered the α-MnO2 nanorods. Theoretical calculation results indicated the advantages of the composite structure by showing the enhanced electromagnetic fields around both the bare α-MnO2 nanorods and the gold NP decorated ones. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) efficiency of these nanocomposites was evaluated using methylene blue and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as Raman probe molecules. It was found that the SERS intensity of the substrates strongly depended on the degree of aggregation of the gold NPs. Uniform SERS signals across the entire surface of these samples were obtained. Moreover, a typical chemical toxin, methyl parathion, was effectively detected over a broad concentration range from 1 × 10(-3) to 100 ppm using the gold NP decorated α-MnO2 nanorods, suggesting this hybrid structure is highly valuable for further applications on the rapid detection of organic environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ding Y, Fan Y, Zhang Y, He Y, Sun S, Ma H. Fabrication and optical sensing properties of mesoporous silica nanorod arrays. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18629c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mesoporous silica nanorod (MSNR) array on a gold (Au) film was fabricated and used as an optical waveguide (OWG) sensor. A resolution of the refractive index (RI) as high as 3.6 × 10−8 RIU was achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Yong Fan
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Yonghong He
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Shuqing Sun
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Hui Ma
- Institute of optical imaging and sensing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mohapatra J, Mitra A, Tyagi H, Bahadur D, Aslam M. Iron oxide nanorods as high-performance magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:9174-84. [PMID: 25849780 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00055f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
An efficient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent with a high R2 relaxivity value is achieved by controlling the shape of iron oxide to rod like morphology with a length of 30-70 nm and diameter of 4-12 nm. Fe3O4 nanorods of 70 nm length, encapsulated with polyethyleneimine show a very high R2 relaxivity value of 608 mM(-1) s(-1). The enhanced MRI contrast of nanorods is attributed to their higher surface area and anisotropic morphology. The higher surface area induces a stronger magnetic field perturbation over a larger volume more effectively for the outer sphere protons. The shape anisotropy contribution is understood by calculating the local magnetic field of nanorods and spherical nanoparticles under an applied magnetic field (3 Tesla). As compared to spherical geometry, the induced magnetic field of a rod is stronger and hence the stronger magnetic field over a large volume leads to a higher R2 relaxivity of nanorods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeotikanta Mohapatra
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yildiz HB, Kamaci M, Karaman M, Toppare L, Sayin S. Photoelectrochemical Biosensing Approach for Alcohol Determination by “Wiring” of Alcohol Oxidase Photonically with P(SNS-NH2)/AOx/CNT/[Ru(bpy)3]2+Modified Electrodes. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.893127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
14
|
Moghimian N, Sam M, Coelho JD, Warwick SD, Bhiladvala RB. Suppressing electroless growth allows cyanide-free electrodeposition of straight separable gold nanowires. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Gupta MK, König T, Near R, Nepal D, Drummy LF, Biswas S, Naik S, Vaia RA, El-Sayed MA, Tsukruk VV. Surface assembly and plasmonic properties in strongly coupled segmented gold nanorods. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2979-2990. [PMID: 23495078 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An assembly strategy is reported such that segmented nanorods fabricated through template-assisted methods can be robustly transferred and tethered to a pre-functionalized substrate with excellent uniformity over large surface areas. After embedding the rods, sacrificial nickel segments were selectively etched leaving behind strongly coupled segmented gold nanorods with gaps between rods below 40 nm and as small as 2 nm. Hyper-spectral imaging is utilized to measure Rayleigh scattering spectra from individual and coupled nanorod elements in contrast to common bulk measurements. This approach discerns the effects of not only changing segment and gap size but also the presence of characteristic defects on the plasmonic coupling between closely spaced nanorods. Polarized hyper-spectral measurements are conducted to provide direct observation of the anisotropic plasmonic resonance modes in individual and coupled nanorods, which are close to those predicted by computer simulations for nanorods with ideal shapes. Some common deviations from ideal shape such as non-flat facets and asymmetric tails are demonstrated to result in the appearance of characteristic plasmon resonances, which have not been considered before. The large-scale assembly of coupled noble nanostructures with fine control over geometry and high uniformity provides means to strongly tune the scattering, absorption, and near-field plasmonic properties through the geometric arrangement of precisely controlled nanorod segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh K Gupta
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Ashall B, Doyle G, Zerulla D, Lee GU. Highly ordered Fe-Au heterostructured nanorod arrays and their exceptional near-infrared plasmonic signature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:17101-17107. [PMID: 23101940 DOI: 10.1021/la302290v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The potential of highly ordered array nanostructures in sensing applications is well recognized, particularly with the ability to define the structural composition and arrangement of the individual nanorods accurately. The use of heterogeneous nanostructures generates an additional degree of freedom, which can be used to tailor the optical response of such arrays. In this article, we report on the fabrication and characterization of well-defined Fe-Au bisegmented nanorod arrays in a repeating hexagonal arrangement. Through an asymmetric etching method, free-standing Fe-Au nanorod arrays on a gold-coated substrate were produced with an inter-rod spacing of 26 nm. This separation distance renders the array capable of sustaining resonant electromagnetic wave coupling between individual rods. Owing to this coupling, the subwavelength arrangement, and the structural heterogeneity, the nanorod arrays exhibit unique plasmonic responses in the near-infrared (NIR) range. Enhanced sensitivity in this spectral region has not been identified for gold-only nanorods of equivalent dimensions. The NIR response offers confirmation of the potential of these highly ordered, high-density arrays for biomedical relevant applications, such as subcutaneous spectroscopy and biosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Simovski CR, Belov PA, Atrashchenko AV, Kivshar YS. Wire metamaterials: physics and applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4229-48. [PMID: 22760970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The physics and applications of a broad class of artificial electromagnetic materials composed of lattices of aligned metal rods embedded in a dielectric matrix are reviewed. Such structures are here termed wire metamaterials. They appear in various settings and can operate from microwaves to THz and optical frequencies. An important group of these metamaterials is a wire medium possessing extreme optical anisotropy. The study of wire metamaterials has a long history, however, most of their important and useful properties have been revealed and understood only recently, especially in the THz and optical frequency ranges where the wire media correspond to the lattices of microwires and nanowires, respectively. Another group of wire metamaterials are arrays and lattices of nanorods of noble metals whose unusual properties are driven by plasmonic resonances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constantin R Simovski
- National Research University of Information, Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO), St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen JT, Chen WL, Fan PW. Hierarchical Structures by Wetting Porous Templates with Electrospun Polymer Fibers. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:41-46. [PMID: 35578450 DOI: 10.1021/mz200008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple route to fabricate hierarchical structures by combining the electrospinning technique and the wetting of porous templates. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers are first prepared by electrospinning and are collected on a glass substrate. The PMMA fibers are then brought into contact with an anodic aluminum oxide template. Upon thermal annealing above the glass transition temperature of PMMA, wetting of the polymer chains into the nanopores occurs. After the removal of the AAO template, ordered arrays of nanorods on polymer fibers are obtained. This approach is also applied to polystyrene (PS), and similar structures are obtained. This work provides a promising approach to fabricate hierarchical polymer structures with sizes that can be controlled over the nanoscopic and microscopic length scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
| | - Wan-Ling Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
| | - Ping-Wen Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Leonov AP, Wei A. Photolithography of Dithiocarbamate-Anchored Monolayers and Polymers on Gold. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 21:4371-4376. [PMID: 21894240 DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04153j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamate (DTC)-anchored monolayers and polymers were investigated as positive resists for UV photolithography on planar and roughened Au surfaces. DTCs were formed in situ by the condensation of CS(2) with monovalent or polyvalent amines such as linear polyethyleneimine (PEI) under mildly basic aqueous conditions, just prior to surface passivation. The robust adsorption of the polyvalent PEI-DTC to Au surfaces supported high levels of resistance to photoablation, providing opportunities to generate thin films with gradient functionality. Treatment of photopatterned substrates with alkanethiols produced binary coatings, enabling a direct visual comparison of DTC- and thiol-passivated surfaces against chemically induced corrosion using confocal microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei P Leonov
- Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu L, Kuang H, Wang L, Xu C. Gold nanorod ensembles as artificial molecules for applications in sensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11905b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
21
|
Shukla S, Kim KT, Baev A, Yoon YK, Litchinitser NM, Prasad PN. Fabrication and characterization of gold-polymer nanocomposite plasmonic nanoarrays in a porous alumina template. ACS NANO 2010; 4:2249-2255. [PMID: 20384322 DOI: 10.1021/nn9018398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A facile, cost-effective, and manufacturable method to produce gold-polymer nanocomposite plasmonic nanorod arrays in high-aspect-ratio nanoporous alumina templates is reported, where the formation of gold nanoparticles and the polymerization of a photosensitive polymer by ultraviolet light are simultaneously performed. Transverse mode coupling within a two-dimensional array of the nanocomposite rods results in a progression of resonant modes in the visible and infrared spectral regions when illuminated at normal incidence, a phenomenon previously observed in nanoarrays of solid gold rods in an alumina template. Finite element full-wave analysis in a three-dimensional computational domain confirms our hypothesis that nanoparticles, arranged in a columnar structure, will show a response similar to that of solid gold rods. These studies demonstrate a new simple method of plasmonic nanoarray fabrication, apparently obviating the need for a cumbersome electrochemical process to grow nanoarrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Shukla
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
DaSilva M, Schneider MM, Wood DS, Kim BJ, Stach EA, Sands TD. The use of polyethyleneimine to control the growth-front morphology of electrochemically deposited gold nanowires for engineered nanogap electrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:2387-2391. [PMID: 19662646 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200900379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel DaSilva
- Birck Nanotechnology Center and School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ji N, Ruan W, Wang C, Lu Z, Zhao B. Fabrication of silver decorated anodic aluminum oxide substrate and its optical properties on surface-enhanced Raman scattering and thin film interference. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11869-11873. [PMID: 19522476 DOI: 10.1021/la901521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a simple method to fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure decorated with Ag nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is demonstrated. Highly ordered porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates were employed to construct these compound nanostructures. First, the AAO templates were fabricated using a two-step anodization approach. Second, an alternating current (AC) electrochemical deposition was used to fill AAO templates with Ag nanoparticles. Taking 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPy) as the probing molecule, high-quality SERS spectra were observed. The UV-vis mirror reflection spectra were measured to investigate the surface plasma resonance (SPR) absorbance. An interesting phenomenon of SPR-affected thin film interference was observed. SERS mapping was performed to characterize the homogeneity of as-prepared substrates. Good homogeneity and stability make these substrates good candidates for SERS spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Capture and alignment of phi29 viral particles in sub-40 nanometer porous alumina membranes. Biomed Microdevices 2009; 11:135-42. [PMID: 18770041 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-008-9217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage phi29 virus nanoparticles and its associated DNA packaging nanomotor can provide for novel possibilities towards the development of hybrid bio-nano structures. Towards the goal of interfacing the phi29 viruses and nanomotors with artificial micro and nanostructures, we fabricated nanoporous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) membranes with pore size of 70 nm and shrunk the pores to sub 40 nm diameter using atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Aluminum Oxide. We were able to capture and align particles in the anodized nanopores using two methods. Firstly, a functionalization and polishing process to chemically attach the particles in the inner surface of the pores was developed. Secondly, centrifugation of the particles was utilized to align them in the pores of the nanoporous membranes. In addition, when a mixture of empty capsids and packaged particles was centrifuged at specific speeds, it was found that the empty capsids deform and pass through 40 nm diameter pores whereas the particles packaged with DNA were mainly retained at the top surface of the nanoporous membranes. Fluorescence microscopy was used to verify the selective filtration of empty capsids through the nanoporous membranes.
Collapse
|
26
|
Effects of the Counter Ion Valency on the Colloidal Interaction between Two Cylindrical Particles. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.3.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
27
|
Zhou H, Tang Y, Zhai J, Wang S, Tang Z, Jiang L. Enhanced photoelectrochemical detection of bioaffinity reactions by vertically oriented au nanobranches complexed with a biotinylated polythiophene derivative. SENSORS 2009; 9:1094-107. [PMID: 22399957 PMCID: PMC3280849 DOI: 10.3390/s90201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Four nanostructured Au electrodes were prepared by a simple and templateless electrochemical deposition technique. After complexing with a biotinylated polythiophene derivative (PTBL), photocurrent generation and performance of PTBL/Au-nanostructured electrodes as photoelectrochemical biosensors were investigated. Among these four nanostructured Au electrodes, vertically oriented nanobranches on the electrode significantly improved the photoelectric conversion, because the vertically oriented nanostructures not only benefit light harvesting but also the transfer of the photogenerated charge carriers. Owing to this advantaged nanostructure, the PTBL/Au-nanobranch electrode showed higher sensitivity and faster response times in the photoelectrochemical detection of a streptavidin-biotin affinity reaction compared to a PTBL/Au-nanoparticle electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Zhou
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: 86-10-82545580; Fax: 86-10-82545580; E-Mail: ; Tel: 86-10-82621396; Fax: 86-10-82627566
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: 86-10-82545580; Fax: 86-10-82545580; E-Mail: ; Tel: 86-10-82621396; Fax: 86-10-82627566
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li S, Chen P, Wang X, Zhang L, Liang H. Surface-induced morphologies of lamella-forming diblock copolymers confined in nanorod arrays. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:014902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3050102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
29
|
Yong KT, Roy I, Swihart MT, Prasad PN. Multifunctional Nanoparticles as Biocompatible Targeted Probes for Human Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 19:4655-4672. [PMID: 20305738 DOI: 10.1039/b817667c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles in biological application has been rapidly advancing toward practical applications in human cancer diagnosis and therapy. Upon linking the nanoparticles with biomolecules, they can be used to locate cancerous area as well as for traceable drug delivery with high affinity and specificity. In this review, we discuss the engineering of multifunctional nanoparticle probes and their use in bioimaging and nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Tye Yong
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lyvers DP, Moon JM, Kildishev AV, Shalaev VM, Wei A. Gold nanorod arrays as plasmonic cavity resonators. ACS NANO 2008; 2:2569-2576. [PMID: 19206293 DOI: 10.1021/nn8006477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal 2D arrays of Au nanorods support discrete plasmon resonance modes at visible and near-infrared wavelengths when coupled with light at normal incidence (k(z)). Reflectance spectra of nanorod arrays mounted on a thin Au baseplate reveal multiple resonant attenuations whose spectral positions vary with nanorod height and the dielectric medium. Simulations using 3D finite-element method calculations reveal harmonic sets of longitudinal standing waves in cavities between nanorods, reminiscent of acoustic waves generated by musical instruments. The nodes and antinodes of these quarter-wave plasmon modes are bounded, respectively, at the base and tips of the array. The number of harmonic resonances and their frequencies can be adjusted as a function of nanorod height, diameter-spacing ratio, and the refractive index of the host medium. Dispersion relations based on these standing-wave modes show strong retardation effects, attributed to the coupling of nanorods via transverse modes. Removal of the metal baseplate is predicted to result in resonant transmission through the Au nanorod arrays, at frequencies defined by half-wave modes within the open-ended cavities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Lyvers
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Hu X, Wang T, Dong S. Thermal annealing of Au nanorod self-assembled nanostructured materials: Morphology and optical properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 316:947-53. [PMID: 17904153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2007] [Revised: 09/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/11/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional Au nanorod and Au nanoparticle nanostructured materials were prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly. The plasmonic properties of the Au nanorod and Au nanoparticle self-assembled nanostructured materials (abbreviated as AuNR and AuNP SANMs) are tunable by the controlled self-assembly process. The effect of thermal annealing at 180 and 500 degrees C to the morphologies, plasmonic properties and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) responses of these SANMs were investigated. According to the experimental results, these properties correlate with the structure of the SANMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang L, Cai Q, Yu Y. Size-Controllable Fabrication of Noble Metal Nanonets Using a TiO2 Template. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:9616-8. [PMID: 17112249 DOI: 10.1021/ic061357s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present herein a simple template method for preparing noble metal nanonets with defined sizes. The template utilized is a TiO2 nanotube (NT) array prepared by anodic oxidation of a pure titanium sheet in an electrolyte solution containing sodium fluoride. Uniform NTs with defined sizes are obtained by controlling the anodic potential. Gold nanonets are prepared by electrodepositing gold onto the template and then dissolving the TiO2 template in a 0.2 M HF solution. The pore size of the gold nanonet is determined by the TiO2 NT hole size. The formation mechanism of the nanonet is elucidated from field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Although a lot of reports have been presented on the synthesis of nanostructure materials, no work has been reported on the template synthesis of gold nanonets. This paper gives a simple and universal way to prepare noble metal nanonets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Department of Chemistry, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moon JM, Wei A. Controlled Growth of Gold Nanorod Arrays from Polyethylenimine-coated Alumina Templates. MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIA PROCEEDINGS. MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY 2005; 900E:O.12.32.1-O.12.32.7. [PMID: 17364013 PMCID: PMC1825173 DOI: 10.1557/proc-0900-o12-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Au nanorod arrays were grown by electrodeposition in Au-backed nanoporous alumina templates modified with polyethylenimine (PEI) as an adhesion layer. By varying the concentration and molecular weight of PEI, the length of nanorod arrays could be finely controlled. The local length distribution was extremely narrow with relative standard deviations on the order of 2% for rod lengths from 700 nm to 17 microns. The uniform growth rate appears to be determined by the adsorbed PEI matrix, which controls the growth kinetics of the grains comprising the nanorods. Templates coated with poly(acrylic acid) did not impart fine control in nanorod growth. The nanorods could also be thermally annealed within the template and released as monodisperse particles of uniform size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Mi Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1393
| | | |
Collapse
|