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Romero IE, Postigo A, Bonesi SM. Preparation of Carbazoles Involving 6π-Electrocyclization, Photoredox-, Electrochemical-, and Thermal Cyclization Reactions: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303229. [PMID: 38032158 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbazole is a heterocyclic motif that can be found in a diverse array of natural and unnatural products displaying a wide range of biological and physiological properties. Furthermore, this heterocycle is part of electronic materials like photoconducting polymers and organic optoelectronic materials owing to its excellent photophysical characteristics. Consequently, the development of synthetic strategies for carbazole scaffolds holds potential significance in biological and material fields. In this regard, a variety of preparation methods has been developed to exploit their efficient and distinct formation of new C-C and C-heteroatom bonds under mild conditions and enabling broad substrate diversity and functional group tolerance. Therefore, this review focuses on the synthesis of a set of carbazole derivatives describing a variety of methodologies that involve direct irradiation, photosensitization, photoredox, electrochemical and thermal cyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan E Romero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Sergio M Bonesi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
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2
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Romero IE, Lantaño B, Postigo A, Bonesi SM. Photoinduced [6π]-Electrocyclic Reaction of Mono-, Di-, and Trisubstituted Triphenylamines in Acetonitrile. A Steady-State Investigation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13439-13454. [PMID: 35675160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct irradiation of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted triphenylamine derivatives in acetonitrile as solvent with light of 254 nm has been systematically investigated, revealing that the exo/endo carbazole derivatives were formed as the main photoproducts from modest to good yields for triphenylamines substituted with electron-donor and neutral substituents. The kinetic profiles of the photoreaction were also recorded, and the consumption rate constants (k) were measured. These kinetic parameters show dependence on the nature of the substituents, and linear Hammett correlations were carried out to showcase the substituent effect. On the other hand, the spectroscopic behavior of the electron-rich substituted triphenylamines has been analyzed, suggesting that the fluorescence emission spectra display a mirror image of the lower energy absorption bands, while for those amines bearing electron-acceptor groups the formation of charge-transfer complexes and their fluorescence emissions constitute the main deactivation pathway of the photoreaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan E Romero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, CONICET─Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Lantaño
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Sergio M Bonesi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, CONICET─Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
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Hu H, Jiang B, Zhang B, Wang R, Zhang C, Sun C, Hu B. Novel pyrazolyazoindole derivatives as photoswitches: design, synthesis, and photoswitching behavior research combined with theoretical methods. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel pyrazolyazoindole photoswitches with high to near-complete photoconversion, adjustable thermal half-lives, photochromic properties, and potential application value are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bitao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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Garg V, Kumar P, Verma AK. Substrate-Controlled Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of ( Z)- and ( E)- N-Styrylated Carbazoles, Aza-carbazoles, and γ-Carbolines via Hydroamination of Alkynes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11686-11702. [PMID: 30141931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the substrate-controlled regio- and stereoselective hydroamination of carbazoles, aza-carbazoles, and γ-carbolines with functionalized aromatic as well as aliphatic alkynes in a KOH/DMSO system in good yields. The electronic effect of the substrates governs the stereochemistry of the product. Electron-donating alkynes provided ( Z)-stereoselective products, and electron-withdrawing alkynes provided ( E)-stereoselective products. This approach also provides an easy route for the synthesis of mono- and bis-hydroaminated product. The deuterium-labeling studies were also conducted to support the mechanistic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Garg
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
| | - Akhilesh K Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
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Golba S. Electrochemical and Opto-Electronic Properties of Carbazole-Based Derivatives with Symmetric A–CZ–A Architecture. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193518070030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Huang S, Ma C, Li C, Min C, Du P, Xia Y, Yang C, Huang Q. Facile Synthesis, Characterization of Poly-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole Nanoparticles for Rapid Removal of Mercury and Silver Ions from Aqueous Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E150. [PMID: 30966186 PMCID: PMC6415195 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial pollution by heavy metal ions such as Hg2+ and Ag⁺ is a universal problem owing to the toxicity of heavy metals. In this study, a novel nano-adsorbent, i.e., poly-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (PTT), was synthesized and used to selectively adsorb mercury and silver ions from aqueous solutions. PTT nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical oxidative dehydrogenation polymerization under mild conditions. Oxidant species, medium, monomer concentration, oxidant/monomer molar ratio, and polymerization temperature were optimized to obtain optimum yields. The molecular structure and morphology of the nanoparticles were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization/time-of-flight (MALDI/TOF) mass and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), theoretical calculations and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. It was found that the polymerization of 2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiodiazole occurs through head-to-tail coupling between the S(2) and C(5) positions. The PTT nanoparticles having a peculiar synergic combination of four kinds of active groups, S⁻, ⁻SH, N⁻N, and =N⁻ with a small particle size of 30⁻200 nm exhibit ultrarapid initial adsorption rates of 1500 mg(Hg)·g-1·h-1 and 5364 mg(Ag)·g-1·h-1 and high adsorption capacities of up to 186.9 mg(Hg)·g-1 and 193.1 mg(Ag)·g-1, becoming ultrafast chelate nanosorbents with high adsorption capacities. Kinetic study indicates that the adsorption of Hg2+ and Ag⁺ follows the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting a chemical adsorption as the rate-limiting step during the adsorption process. The Hg2+ and Ag⁺-loaded PTT nanoparticles could be effectively regenerated with 0.1 mol·L-1 EDTA or 1 mol·L-1 HNO₃ without significantly losing their adsorption capacities even after five adsorption⁻desorption cycles. With these impressive properties, PTT nanoparticles are very promising materials in the fields of water-treatment and precious metals recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Huang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Chengzhang Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Chao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Chungang Min
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Ping Du
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Yi Xia
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Chaofen Yang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Qiuling Huang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
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Highly Productive Synthesis, Characterization, and Fluorescence and Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption Properties of Poly(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) Nanosheets. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:polym10010024. [PMID: 30966062 PMCID: PMC6414834 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) (PBT) nanosheets were synthesized by chemical oxidative synthesis under mild conditions. The media, oxidant species, monomer concentrations, oxidant/monomer molar ratio, and temperature were optimized to achieve higher yields and better performance. The molecular structure, morphology, and properties of the nanosheets were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and fluorescence spectroscopies, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). It was found that the polymerization of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole occurs via dehydrogenation coupling between two mercapto groups to form the ⁻S⁻S⁻ bond. PBTs show the highest polymerization yield of up to 98.47% and form uniform nanosheets with a thickness of 89~367 nm. poly(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) polymers (PBTs) exhibit good chemical resistance, high thermostability, interesting blue-light emitting fluorescence, and wonderful heavy metal ion adsorption properties. Particularly, the PBT nanosheets having a unique synergic combination of three kinds of active ⁻S⁻, ⁻SH, and =N⁻ groups with a moderate specific area of 15.85 m² g-1 exhibit an ultra-rapid initial adsorption rate of 10,653 mg g-1 h-1 and an ultrahigh adsorption capacity of up to 680.01 mg g-1 for mercury ion, becoming ultrafast chelate nanosorbents with a high adsorption capacity. With these impressive properties, PBT nanosheets are very promising materials in the fields of water treatment, sensors, and electrodes.
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Morales Salazar D, Mijangos E, Pullen S, Gao M, Orthaber A. Functional small-molecules & polymers containing PC and AsC bonds as hybrid π-conjugated materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1120-1123. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08736a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Switch the pnictogen: functional materials containing PC and AsC fragments for optoelectronic applications. An example of a polymer containing arsaalkenes is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Morales Salazar
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratories
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | - Edgar Mijangos
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratories
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | - Sonja Pullen
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratories
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratories
- Polymer Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratories
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
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Abstract
Photochemistry is an important tool in organic synthesis that has largely been underdeveloped in comparison to thermal activation. Recent advances in technology have ushered in a new era in synthetic photochemistry. The emergence of photocatalysis, which exploits sensitizers for the absorption of visible light, has provided organic chemists with a new route to the generation of radical intermediates for synthesis. Of particular interest is the development of Cu-based complexes for photocatalysis, which possess variable photophysical properties and can display complementary reactivity with common photocatalysts based on heavier transition metals such as Ru or Ir. Heteroleptic Cu-based sensitizers incorporating the presence of both a bisphosphine and diamine ligand bound to the copper center are a promising class of photocatalysts. Their synthesis is a single step, often involving only precipitation for purification. In addition, it was shown that the sensitizers could be formed in situ in the reaction mixture, simplifying the experimental setup. The heteroleptic nature of the Cu-complexes also affords opportunities to fine-tune properties. For example, structurally rigidified bisphosphines reinforce geometries about the metal center to extend the excited state lifetime. Variation of the diamine ligand can influence the excited state oxidation/reduction potentials and optical absorbances. The heteroleptic complex Cu(XantPhos)(neo)BF4 has demonstrated utility in the synthesis of helical polyaromatic carbocycles. The synthesis of [5]helicene, a relatively simple member of the helicene family, was improved from the existing UV-light mediated method by eliminating the formation of unwanted byproducts. In addition, the Cu-based sensitizers also promoted the formation of novel pyrene/helicene hybrids for materials science applications. The synthetic methods that were developed were augmented when combined with continuous flow technology. The irradiation of reaction mixtures as they are pumped through small diameter tubing provides a more homogeneous and increased photon flux compared with irradiation in round-bottom flasks or other batch reactors. The value of continuous flow methods is also evident when examining UV-light photochemistry, where the simple and safe experimental set-ups allow for further exploration of high energy light for synthetic purposes. The synthesis of functionalized complex carbazoles was also studied using both a visible light method exploiting a heteroleptic copper-based sensitizer and a UV-light mediated method. It was demonstrated that both the photocatalysis methods and UV light photochemistries were rendered more user-friendly, safe, and reproducible when using continuous flow methods. Interestingly, the two photochemical methods often afford contrasting selectivities as a result of their inherently different mechanisms. It can be expected that the complementarity of the various photochemical methods will be an asset to synthetic chemists as the field continues to evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto C. Hernandez-Perez
- Département de Chimie
and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Département de Chimie
and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Schädlich J, Wieteck M, Rudolph M, Larsen MH, Hashmi ASK. Gold-catalyzed nucleophilic tandem cyclizations of tetraethynylethene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Esra Oğuztürk H, Tirkeş S, Önal AM. Electrochemical synthesis of new conjugated polymers based on carbazole and furan units. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Bakiev AN, Shklyaeva EV, Lunegov IV, Mokrushin IG, Abashev GG. Preparation and properties of poly[9-hexadecyl-3-phenyl-6-(4-vinylphenyl)-9H-carbazole]. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214070111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Huang S, Min C, Liao Y, Du P, Sun H, Zhu Y, Ren A. Intrinsically conducting polyaminoanthraquinone nanofibrils: interfacial synthesis, formation mechanism and lead adsorbents. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-dispersible and self-stabilized conductive polyaminoanthraquinone nanofibirls synthesizedviainterfacial polymerization showed high adsorption capacities toward toxic lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Huang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, China
| | - Chungang Min
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, China
| | - Yaozu Liao
- School of Chemistry
- University of Bristol
- Bristol, UK
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
| | - Ping Du
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, China
| | - Yanqin Zhu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, China
| | - Aimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, China
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Hernandez-Perez AC, Collins SK. A Visible-Light-Mediated Synthesis of Carbazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Hernandez-Perez AC, Collins SK. A Visible-Light-Mediated Synthesis of Carbazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12696-700. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Synthesis of N-methylcarbazoles from N-(2-iodoaryl)-N-methylanilines in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide and iron(II) bromide. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-013-1278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Zhang Z, Tang X, Xu Q, Shi M. Gold-Catalyzed Cyclization of 1-(Indol-3-yl)-3-alkyn-1-ols: Facile Synthesis of Diversified Carbazoles. Chemistry 2013; 19:10625-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kawabata K, Goto H. Dynamically Controllable Emission of Polymer Nanofibers: Electrofluorescence Chromism and Polarized Emission of Polycarbazole Derivatives. Chemistry 2012; 18:15065-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kato SI, Shimizu S, Taguchi H, Kobayashi A, Tobita S, Nakamura Y. Synthesis and Electronic, Photophysical, and Electrochemical Properties of a Series of Thienylcarbazoles. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3222-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202625p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Satoru Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Taguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Seiji Tobita
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
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Hübner A, Qu ZW, Englert U, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Holthausen MC, Wagner M. Main-Chain Boron-Containing Oligophenylenes via Ring-Opening Polymerization of 9-H-9-Borafluorene. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4596-609. [DOI: 10.1021/ja110947k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hübner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulli Englert
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Nowakowska-Oleksy A, Sołoducho J, Cabaj J. Phenoxazine based units--synthesis, photophysics and electrochemistry. J Fluoresc 2010; 21:169-78. [PMID: 20625802 PMCID: PMC3032184 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A few new phenoxazine-based conjugated monomers were synthesized, characterized, and successfully used as semiconducting materials. The phenoxazine-based oligomers have low ionization potentials or high-lying HOMO levels (~4.7 eV), which were estimated from cyclic voltammetry. Conjugated oligomers offer good film—forming, mechanical and optical properties connected with their wide application. These results demonstrate that phenoxazine-based conjugated mers are a promising type of semiconducting and luminescent structures able to be used as thin films in organic electronics.
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Lu B, Li Y, Xu J. Electropolymerization study of benzothiophenes and characterization of novel poly(dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lu B, Xu J, Li Y, Liu C, Yue R, Sun X. Facile electrosynthesis of novel free-standing electroactive poly((S)-(−)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol dimethyl ether) films with enhanced main chain axial chirality. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Dong B, Song D, Zheng L, Xu J, Li N. Electrosynthesis of polyfluorene in an ionic liquid and characterization of its stable electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lu B, Zeng L, Xu J, Le Z, Rao H. Electrosynthesis of highly conducting poly(1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene) in BF3·Et2O. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Peart PA, Tovar JD. Expanding the Realm of Furan-Based Conducting Polymers through Conjugation with 1,6-Methano[10]annulene. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9006494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Peart
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, NCB 316, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - John D. Tovar
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, NCB 316, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
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Doskocz J, Sołoducho J, Cabaj J, Nowakowska A, Roszak S. Functionalized Phenothiazine and Carbazole Chromophores: Synthesis and Characterization. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500902856354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Doskocz
- a Wrocław University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology , Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Sołoducho
- a Wrocław University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology , Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Cabaj
- a Wrocław University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology , Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Nowakowska
- a Wrocław University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology , Wrocław, Poland
| | - Szczepan Roszak
- b Wrocław University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , Wrocław, Poland
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30
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EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF <I>ORTHO</I>-DISUBSTITUTED BENZENE. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2009.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Xie Y, Jiang F, Xu J, Zeng L, Dong B, Lu B, Shang X. Electrosyntheses and characterization of poly(9-bromophenanthrene) in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Lu B, Xu J, Fan C, Miao H, Shen L. Electrochemical Polymerization of Benzanthrone and Characterization of its Excellent Green-light-emitting Polymer. J Phys Chem B 2008; 113:37-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804497q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyang Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Changli Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Huaming Miao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
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34
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Novel Aspects of a Convenient Synthesis and of Electroproperties of Derivatives Based on Diphenylamine. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Łapkowski M, Plewa S, Stolarczyk A, Doskocz J, Sołoducho J, Cabaj J, Bartoszek M, Sułkowski WW. Electrochemical synthesis of polymers with alternate phenothiazine and bithiophene units. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Belletête M, Boudreault PLT, Leclerc M, Durocher G. Investigation of the structure, the optical properties, and the photophysics of some indolocarbazoles having terminal aromatic rings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Idzik K, Cabaj J, Sołoducho J, Abdel-Fattah A. Classical Benzotriazole-Mediatedα-Aminoalkylations of Alkynes: Synthesis and Characterization of Alk-2-yn-1-amines as Amphiphilic Materials. Helv Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200790173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Doskocz J, Sołoducho J, Cabaj J, Łapkowski M, Golba S, Palewska K. Development in Synthesis, Electrochemistry, LB Moieties of Phenothiazine Based Units. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200703866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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