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Xue WL, Li GQ, Chen H, Han YC, Feng L, Wang L, Gu XL, Hu SY, Deng YH, Tan L, Dove MT, Li W, Zhang J, Dong H, Chen Z, Deng WH, Xu G, Wang G, Wan CQ. Melt-quenched glass formation of a family of metal-carboxylate frameworks. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2040. [PMID: 38448429 PMCID: PMC10917788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) glasses are an emerging class of glasses which complement traditional inorganic, organic and metallic counterparts due to their hybrid nature. Although a few zeolitic imidazolate frameworks have been made into glasses, how to melt and quench the largest subclass of MOFs, metal carboxylate frameworks, into glasses remains challenging. Here, we develop a strategy by grafting the zwitterions on the carboxylate ligands and incorporating organic acids in the framework channels to enable the glass formation. The charge delocalization of zwitterion-acid subsystem and the densely filled channels facilitate the coordination bonding mismatch and thus reduce the melting temperature. Following melt-quenching realizes the glass formation of a family of carboxylate MOFs (UiO-67, UiO-68 and DUT-5), which are usually believed to be un-meltable. Our work opens up an avenue for melt-quenching porous molecular solids into glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie & Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Guo-Qiang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yu-Chen Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Yuan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Heng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Martin T Dove
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Guo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Chong-Qing Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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Mulk WU, Ali SA, Shah SN, Shah MUH, Zhang QJ, Younas M, Fatehizadeh A, Sheikh M, Rezakazemi M. Breaking boundaries in CO2 capture: Ionic liquid-based membrane separation for post-combustion applications. J CO2 UTIL 2023; 75:102555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
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3
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Alashkar A, Al-Othman A, Tawalbeh M, Qasim M. A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020178. [PMID: 35207099 PMCID: PMC8877517 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work provides a comprehensive review on the incorporation of ionic liquid (ILs) into polymer blends and their utilization as proton exchanges membranes (PEM). Various conventional polymers that incorporate ILs are discussed, such as Nafion, poly (vinylidene fluoride), polybenzimidazole, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone), and sulfonated polyimide. The methods of synthesis of IL/polymer composite membranes are summarized and the role of ionic liquids as electrolytes and structure directing agents in PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs) is presented. In addition, the obstacles that are reported to impede the development of commercial polymerized IL membranes are highlighted in this work. The paper concludes that the presence of certain ILs can increase the conductivity of the PEM, and consequently, enhance the performance of PEMFCs. Nevertheless, the leakage of ILs from composite membranes as well as the limited long-term thermal and mechanical stability are considered as the main challenges that limit the employment of IL/polymer composite membranes in PEMFCs, especially for high-temperature applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Alashkar
- Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
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4
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Yang F, Zhao M, Smith D, Cebe P, Lucisano S, Allston T, Smith TW. Anomalous Thermal Characteristics of Poly(ionic liquids) Derived from 1-Butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium Salts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14020254. [PMID: 35054661 PMCID: PMC8781894 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium triflate, its polymerization, and ion exchange to yield a trio of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium polymers is described. Irrespective of the nature of the anion, substitution at the 2-position of the imidazolium moiety substantially increases the distance between the anion and cation. The methyl substituent at the 2-position also served to expose the importance of H-bonding for the attractive potential between imidazolium moiety and anions in polymers without a methyl group at the 2-position. The thermal characteristics of poly(1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium) salts and corresponding poly(1-ethyl-3-methyl-4-vinylimidazolium) salts were evaluated. While the mid-point glass transition temperatures, Tg-mid, for 1-ethyl-3-methyl-4-vinylimidazolium polymers with CF3SO3−, (CF3SO2)2N− and PF6− counterions, were 153 °C, 88 °C and 200 °C, respectively, the Tg-mid values for 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4vinylimidazolium polymers with corresponding counter-ions were tightly clustered at 98 °C, 99 °C and 84 °C, respectively. This dramatically reduced influence of the anion type on the glass transition temperature was attributed to the increased distance between the center of the anions and cations in the 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium polymer set, and minimal H-bonding interactions between the respective anions and the 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-vinylimidazolium moiety. It is believed that this is the first observation of substantial independence of the glass transition of an ionic polymer on the nature of its counterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Versick Analytics, Jersey City, NJ 07310, USA;
| | - Meng Zhao
- BOE Technology Group, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Darren Smith
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Peggy Cebe
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA;
| | | | - Thomas Allston
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
| | - Thomas W. Smith
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
- Correspondence:
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5
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Fadeeva YA, Shmukler LE, Gruzdev MS, Safonova LP. Imidazolium zwitterion‐based protic ionic liquids: from monomers to polymer membranes. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya A Fadeeva
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Liudmila E Shmukler
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Matvey S Gruzdev
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Liubov P Safonova
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
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Xue W, Deng W, Chen H, Liu R, Taylor JM, Li Y, Wang L, Deng Y, Li W, Wen Y, Wang G, Wan C, Xu G. MOF‐Directed Synthesis of Crystalline Ionic Liquids with Enhanced Proton Conduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Long Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Wei‐Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Rui‐Heng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Jared M. Taylor
- Department of chemistry University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N1N4 Canada
| | - Yu‐kun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Lu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yu‐Heng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Wen‐Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Ying‐Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Guan‐E Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Chong‐Qing Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
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Shmukler L, Fedorova I, Fadeeva YA, Safonova L. The physicochemical properties and structure of alkylammonium protic ionic liquids of RnH4-nNX (n = 1–3) family. A mini–review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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8
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Xue W, Deng W, Chen H, Liu R, Taylor JM, Li Y, Wang L, Deng Y, Li W, Wen Y, Wang G, Wan C, Xu G. MOF‐Directed Synthesis of Crystalline Ionic Liquids with Enhanced Proton Conduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1290-1297. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Long Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Wei‐Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Rui‐Heng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Jared M. Taylor
- Department of chemistry University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N1N4 Canada
| | - Yu‐kun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Lu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yu‐Heng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Wen‐Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Ying‐Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Guan‐E Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Chong‐Qing Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
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Flieger J, Feder-Kubis J, Tatarczak-Michalewska M. Chiral Ionic Liquids: Structural Diversity, Properties and Applications in Selected Separation Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4253. [PMID: 32549300 PMCID: PMC7352568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are chemical compounds composed of ions with melting points below 100 °C exhibiting a design feature. ILs are commonly used as the so-called green solvents, reagents or highly efficient catalysts in varied chemical processes. The huge application potential of ionic liquids (IL) justifies the growing interest in these compounds. In the last decade, increasing attention has been devoted to the development of new methods in the synthesis of stable chiral ionic liquids (CILs) and their application in various separation techniques. The beginnings of the successful use of CILs to separate enantiomers date back to the 1990 s. Most chiral ILs are based on chiral cations or chiral anions. There is also a limited number of CILs possessing both a chiral cation and a chiral anion. Due to the high molecular diversity of both ions, of which at least one has a chiral center, we have the possibility to design a large variety of optically active structures, thus expanding the range of CIL applications. Research utilizing chiral ionic liquids only recently has become more popular. However, it is the area that still has great potential for future development. This review aimed to describe the diversity of structures, properties and examples of applications of chiral ionic liquids as new chiral solid materials and chiral components of the anisotropic environment, providing chiral recognition of enantiomeric analytes, which is useful in liquid chromatography, countercurrent chromatography and other various CIL-based extraction techniques including aqueous biphasic (ABS) extraction systems, solid-liquid two-phase systems, liquid-liquid extraction systems with hydrophilic CILs, liquid-liquid extraction systems with hydrophobic CILs, solid-phase extraction and induced-precipitation techniques developed in the recent years. The growing demand for pure enantiomers in the pharmaceutical and food industries sparks further development in the field of extraction and separation systems modified with CILs highlighting them as affordable and environmentally friendly both chiral selectors and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Feder-Kubis
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
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Reddy TDN, Mallik BS. Reciprocity between ion-dipole and hydrogen bond interactions in the binary mixtures of N,N-Dimethylformamide with ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Shmukler L, Glushenkova E, Fadeeva Y, Gruzdev M, Kudryakova N, Safonova L. Polymer electrolytes based on PVdF-HFP doped with protic ionic liquids containing different cations. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Elamin K, Shojaatalhosseini M, Danyliv O, Martinelli A, Swenson J. Conduction mechanism in polymeric membranes based on PEO or PVdF-HFP and containing a piperidinium ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vélez J, Vazquez-Santos M, Amarilla J, Tartaj P, Herradón B, Mann E, del Río C, Morales E. Asymmetrical imidazolium-trialkylammonium room temperature dicationic ionic liquid electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Shmukler LE, Fadeeva YA, Glushenkova EV, Nguyen VT, Safonova LP. Conductivity of gel polymer electrolytes doped with solutions of phosphonic acid or protic ionic liquids. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Qian W, Texter J, Yan F. Frontiers in poly(ionic liquid)s: syntheses and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:1124-1159. [PMID: 28180218 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00620e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We review recent works on the synthesis and application of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs). Novel chemical structures, different synthetic strategies and controllable morphologies are introduced as a supplement to PIL systems already reported. The primary properties determining applications, such as ionic conductivity, aqueous solubility, thermodynamic stability and electrochemical/chemical durability, are discussed. Furthermore, the near-term applications of PILs in multiple fields, such as their use in electrochemical energy materials, stimuli-responsive materials, carbon materials, and antimicrobial materials, in catalysis, in sensors, in absorption and in separation materials, as well as several special-interest applications, are described in detail. We also discuss the limitations of PIL applications, efforts to improve PIL physics, and likely future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
| | - John Texter
- School of Engineering Technology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA
| | - Feng Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
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17
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquids Originated from Natural Products. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 168:199-214. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2018_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Vélez J, Álvarez L, del Río C, Herradón B, Mann E, Morales E. Imidazolium-based Mono and Dicationic Ionic Liquid Sodium Polymer Gel Electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Taubert A, Löbbicke R, Kirchner B, Leroux F. First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:736-751. [PMID: 28487817 PMCID: PMC5389198 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The article describes the synthesis and properties of new ionogels for ion transport. A new preparation process using an organic linker, bis(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)amine (BTMSPA), yields stable organosilica matrix materials. The second ionogel component, the ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl)imidazolium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, [BmimSO3H][PTS], can easily be prepared with near-quantitative yields. [BmimSO3H][PTS] is the proton conducting species in the ionogel. By combining the stable organosilica matrix with the sulfonated ionic liquid, mechanically stable, and highly conductive ionogels with application potential in sensors or fuel cells can be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ruben Löbbicke
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D - 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabrice Leroux
- Inorganic Materials, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) - UMR 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, Chimie 5, Campus des Cézeaux, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 80026 63171 Aubière Cedex, France
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Garaga MN, Aguilera L, Yaghini N, Matic A, Persson M, Martinelli A. Achieving enhanced ionic mobility in nanoporous silica by controlled surface interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:5727-5736. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07351d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Upon chemical modification of the silica surface the ionic mobility is increased by one order of magnitude inside the nano-pores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Negin Yaghini
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- 41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | | | | | - Anna Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- 41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
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Cardoso MA, Leones R, Rodrigues LC, Fernandes M, Figueiredo FL, Nunes SC, Silva MM, de Zea Bermudez V. Di-ureasil Hybrid Electrolytes Incorporating a New Proton Ionic Liquid. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marita A. Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Physics; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Rita Leones
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minho; 4710-057 Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Luísa C. Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group; Department of Polymer Engineering; University of Minho; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra; 4805-017 Barco GMR Portugal
| | - Mariana Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
- CQ-VR; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | - Filipe L. Figueiredo
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Sílvia C. Nunes
- Department of Chemistry; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
- Chemistry Department and CICS-Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; 6201-001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - M. Manuela Silva
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minho; 4710-057 Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Verónica de Zea Bermudez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
- CQ-VR; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
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22
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Shalu S, Balo L, Gupta H, Singh VK, Singh RK. Mixed anion effect on the ionic transport behavior, complexation and various physicochemical properties of ionic liquid based polymer gel electrolyte membranes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10340e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of IL in PGEMs increases the amorphicity of the membranes, through reducing the intermolecular interaction between the polymer chains, and also increases the membrane ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Shalu
- Department of Physics
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
| | - Liton Balo
- Department of Physics
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
| | - Himani Gupta
- Department of Physics
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
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23
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Greaves TL, Drummond CJ. Protic Ionic Liquids: Evolving Structure-Property Relationships and Expanding Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11379-448. [PMID: 26426209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar L Greaves
- School of Applied Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Applied Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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24
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Liu C, Feng S, Zhuang Z, Qi D, Li G, Zhao C, Li X, Na H. Towards basic ionic liquid-based hybrid membranes as hydroxide-conducting electrolytes under low humidity conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12629-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03462k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed basic ionic liquid-based hybrid membranes with ionic liquid modified zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) as fillers, aiming to enhance the electrochemical and physical properties of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Sinan Feng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhuang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Duo Qi
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Guibin Li
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Na
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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25
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26
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27
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Quasi-anhydrous proton conducting di-ureasil hybrid electrolytes incorporating a protic ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.09.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Improving the Conductivity of Sulfonated Polyimides as Proton Exchange Membranes by Doping of a Protic Ionic Liquid. Polymers (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/polym6112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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29
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Shalu, Chaurasia SK, Singh RK, Chandra S. Electrical, mechanical, structural, and thermal behaviors of polymeric gel electrolyte membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) with the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate plus lithium tetrafluoroborate. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalu
- Department of Physics; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 India
| | | | | | - Suresh Chandra
- Department of Physics; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 India
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30
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Vitucci FM, Trequattrini F, Palumbo O, Brubach JB, Roy P, Navarra MA, Panero S, Paolone A. Stabilization of Different Conformers of Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Anion in Ammonium-Based Ionic Liquids at Low Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8758-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jp504833e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. M. Vitucci
- CNR-ISC, U.O.S. La Sapienza, Piazzale
A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - O. Palumbo
- CNR-ISC, U.O.S. La Sapienza, Piazzale
A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - P. Roy
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | | | | | - A. Paolone
- CNR-ISC, U.O.S. La Sapienza, Piazzale
A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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31
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Noh M, Cho BK. Phase behavior and ionic conductivity of dendron–coil–dendron block copolymer/ionic liquid electrolytes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07483a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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32
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33
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Protic ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolyte: structural and ion transport studies and its application in proton battery. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Physical and excess properties of ternary mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate+monoethanolamine+water at temperature from (303.15 to 353.15)K. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Pitawala J, Scheers J, Jacobsson P, Matic A. Physical Properties, Ion–Ion Interactions, and Conformational States of Ionic Liquids with Alkyl-Phosphonate Anions. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8172-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4042974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagath Pitawala
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg,
Sweden
| | - Johan Scheers
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg,
Sweden
| | - Per Jacobsson
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg,
Sweden
| | - Aleksandar Matic
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg,
Sweden
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36
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Polymer gel electrolytes containing sulfur-based ionic liquids in lithium battery applications at room temperature. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-013-0535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Smith TW, Zhao M, Yang F, Smith D, Cebe P. Imidazole Polymers Derived from Ionic Liquid 4-Vinylimidazolium Monomers: Their Synthesis and Thermal and Dielectric Properties. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300862t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peggy Cebe
- Physics and Astronomy Department,
Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Science and Technology Center, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United
States
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38
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Shalu, Chaurasia SK, Singh RK, Chandra S. Thermal Stability, Complexing Behavior, and Ionic Transport of Polymeric Gel Membranes Based on Polymer PVdF-HFP and Ionic Liquid, [BMIM][BF4]. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:897-906. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307694q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalu
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - S. K. Chaurasia
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - R. K. Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - S. Chandra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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39
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40
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Lu X, Burrell G, Separovic F, Zhao C. Electrochemistry of Room Temperature Protic Ionic Liquids: A Critical Assessment for Use as Electrolytes in Electrochemical Applications. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:9160-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp304735p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xunyu Lu
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Geoff Burrell
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
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41
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Nordström J, Aguilera L, Matic A. Effect of lithium salt on the stability of dispersions of fumed silica in the ionic liquid BMImBF4. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4080-4085. [PMID: 22300339 DOI: 10.1021/la204555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the stability and interactions in dispersions of colloidal fumed silica, Aerosil 200, and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetraflouroborate (BMImBF(4)) as a function of the Li salt concentration (LiBF(4)). Photon correlation spectroscopy was used to study the aggregation behavior at low silica concentrations, and Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions in the ionic liquid and with the silica surface. We find that the addition of LiBF(4) increases the stability of the dispersions, with smaller agglomerates of silica particles and higher gelation concentrations in the presence of Li salt. The increased stability with the addition of Li salt is explained by the formation of a more stable solvation layer, where Li ions accumulate on the surface. This leads to an increased interaction between lithium ions and the BF(4)(-) anions in the solvation layer, as seen by Raman spectroscopy. Upon gelation, the Li ions are expelled from the surface because hydrogen bonding between the silica particles are formed. For both neat BMImBF(4) and Li-salt-doped BMImBF(4)/silica dispersions, a weak gel phase was found preceding the formation of a strong gel at slightly higher silica concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Nordström
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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42
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Zhang H, Shen PK. Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells. Chem Rev 2012; 112:2780-832. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200035s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1086] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Pei Kang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
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43
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Martinelli A, Nordstierna L. An investigation of the sol–gel process in ionic liquid–silica gels by time resolved Raman and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:13216-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41914a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Volumetric Properties and Refractive Indices for Binary Mixtures of 1-Propyronitrile-3-hexylimidazolium Bromide + Ethanol at Temperatures from 293.15 to 323.15 K. J SOLUTION CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-011-9785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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45
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Physicochemical properties of new amide-based protic ionic liquids and their use as materials for anhydrous proton conductors. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Kurnia KA, Taib MM, Abdul Mutalib M, Murugesan T. Densities, refractive indices and excess molar volumes for binary mixtures of protic ionic liquids with methanol at T=293.15 to 313.15K. J Mol Liq 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Haller PD, Frank-Finney RJ, Gupta M. Vapor-Phase Free Radical Polymerization in the Presence of an Ionic Liquid. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102807n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. D. Haller
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - R. J. Frank-Finney
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - M. Gupta
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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48
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Mondal AN, Tripathi BP, Shahi VK. Highly stable aprotic ionic-liquid doped anhydrous proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane for high-temperature applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02567d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Laberty-Robert C, Vallé K, Pereira F, Sanchez C. Design and properties of functional hybrid organic–inorganic membranes for fuel cells. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:961-1005. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Luo J, Hu J, Saak W, Beckhaus R, Wittstock G, Vankelecom IFJ, Agert C, Conrad O. Protic ionic liquid and ionic melts prepared from methanesulfonic acid and 1H-1,2,4-triazole as high temperature PEMFC electrolytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04306k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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