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Karimi M, Ramazani A, Sajjadifar S, Rezayati S. A copper(ii) complex containing pyridine-2-carbaldehyde and its direct binding onto ethylenediamine functionalized with Fe 3O 4@SiO 2 nanoparticles for catalytic applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29121-29140. [PMID: 37800129 PMCID: PMC10548530 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05649j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a copper(ii) complex containing a pyridine-2-carbaldehyde ligand and its direct binding onto ethylenediamine functionalized with Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles [Cu(ii)-Schiff base-(CH2)3-SiO2@Fe3O4] as a heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst can be easily prepared using a multi-step method. Next, the structural and magnetic properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), PXRD (Powder X-ray diffraction), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) techniques. TEM images reveal that the average particle size distribution was found to be in the range of 45-55 nm with spherical shape. The PXRD analysis indicated that the crystallite size was found to be 35.2 nm. The synthesized nanocatalyst exhibited a very good catalytic ability in the synthesis reaction of pyran derivatives and 2-benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives. Product 2-amino-7,7-dimethyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran 4e was achieved in 97% yield with a TON of 129.3 and a TOF of 646.6 h-1 and product 2-(4-cyanobenzylidene)malononitrile 3j was achieved in 96% yield with a TON of 128 and a TOF of 984.6 h-1. In addition, the synthesized nanocatalyst was easily separated from the reaction mixture by a magnet and used 7 consecutive times without significant loss of catalytic activity. Also, leaching of copper metal from the synthesized nanocatalyst was very insignificant for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
| | - Sami Sajjadifar
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University PO BOX 19395-4697 Tehran Iran
| | - Sobhan Rezayati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
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2
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Pang X, He H, Zhao K, Zhang N, Zhong Q. Ultrafast nonadiabatic photoisomerization dynamics study of molecular motor based on the synthetic indanylidene-ppyrrolinium frameworks. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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3
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Najafi M, Habibi M, Fokkink R, Hennink WE, Vermonden T. LCST polymers with UCST behavior. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2132-2141. [PMID: 33439188 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, temperature dependent behavior of dense dispersions of core crosslinked flower-like micelles is investigated. Micelles were prepared by mixing aqueous solutions of two ABA block copolymers with PEG B-blocks and thermosensitive A-blocks containing PNIPAM and crosslinkable moieties. At a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), self-assembly of the polymers resulted in the formation of flower-like micelles with a hydrophilic PEG shell and a hydrophobic core. The micellar core was stabilized by native chemical ligation (NCL). Above the LCST, micelles displayed a radius of ∼35 nm, while a radius of ∼48 nm was found below the LCST due to hydration of the PNIPAM core. Concentrated dispersions of these micelles (≥7.5 wt%) showed glassy state behavior below a critical temperature (Tc: 28 °C) which is close to the LCST of the polymers. Below this Tc, the increase in the micelle volume resulted in compression of micelles together above a certain concentration and formation of a glass. We quantified and compared micelle packing at different concentrations and temperatures. The storage moduli (G') of the dispersions showed a universal dependence on the effective volume fraction, which increased substantially above a certain effective volume fraction of φ = 1.2. Furthermore, a disordered lattice model describing this behavior fitted the experimental data and revealed a critical volume fraction of φc = 1.31 close to the experimental value of φ = 1.2. The findings reported provide insights for the molecular design of novel thermosensitive PNIPAM nanoparticles with tunable structural and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Najafi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Science for Life, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Mehdi Habibi
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Science for Life, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Science for Life, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Suhina T, Bonn D, Weber B, Brouwer AM. Photophysics of Fluorescent Contact Sensors Based on the Dicyanodihydrofuran Motif. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:221-227. [PMID: 33210435 PMCID: PMC7898878 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent molecular rotors have been used for measurements of local mobility on molecular length scales, for example to determine viscosity, and for the visualization of contact between two surfaces. In the present work, we deepen our insight into the excited-state deactivation kinetics and mechanics of dicyanodihydrofuran-based molecular rotors. We extend the scope of the use of this class of rotors for contact sensing with a red-shifted member of the family. This allows for contact detection with a range of excitation wavelengths up to ∼600 nm. Steady-state fluorescence shows that the fluorescence quantum yield of these rotors depends not only on the rigidity of their environment, but - under certain conditions - also on its polarity. While excited state decay via rotation about the exocyclic double bond is rapid in nonpolar solvents and twisting of a single bond allows for fast decay in polar solvents, the barriers for both processes are significant in solvents of intermediate polarity. This effect may also occur in other molecular rotors, and it should be considered when applying such molecules as local mobility probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Suhina
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute of PhysicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daniel Bonn
- Institute of PhysicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bart Weber
- Institute of PhysicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Albert M. Brouwer
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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5
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6
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Dusso D, Lanza PA, Montejano HA, Ramírez CL, Parise AR, Vera DA, Moyano EL, Chesta CA. Long-range photoinduced charge separation in tröger bases D/A dyads. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Caprice K, Aster A, Cougnon FBL, Kumpulainen T. Untying the Photophysics of Quinolinium-Based Molecular Knots and Links. Chemistry 2020; 26:1576-1587. [PMID: 31670851 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex molecular knots and links are still difficult to synthesize and the properties arising from their topology are mostly unknown. Here, we report on a comparative photophysical study carried out on a family of closely related quinolinium-based knots and links to determine the impact exerted by topology on the molecular backbone. Our results indicate that topology has a negligible influence on the behavior of loosely braided molecules, which mostly behave like their unbraided equivalents. On the other hand, tightly braided molecules display distinct features. Their higher packing density results in a pronounced ability to resist deformation, a significant reduction in the solvent-accessible surface area and favors close-range π-π interactions between the quinolinium units and neighboring aromatics. Finally, the sharp alteration in behavior between loosely and tightly braided molecules sheds light on the factors contributing to braiding tightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Caprice
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Aster
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabien B L Cougnon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tatu Kumpulainen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Mora AK, Basu A, Kalel R, Nath S. Polymer-assisted drug sequestration from plasma protein by a surfactant with curtailed denaturing capacity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7127-7136. [PMID: 30887975 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03576h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The capability of a surfactant to sequester a drug bound to plasma protein was investigated using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. Surfactants are known to denature protein, and hence are not suitable for the sequestration of a drug from protein. Herein, we show that the denaturing capacity of a surfactant is curtailed completely and its drug sequestration power is enhanced in the presence of biocompatible Pluronic micelles due to the formation of unique supramolecular assemblies. Further, our detailed studies indicate that the concentration of surfactant required for the sequestration of a drug is less than its critical micellar concentration (CMC). The extent of sequestration of drug by polymer-surfactant supramolecular assemblies can be tuned finely by controlling the concentration of surfactant. Detailed analysis showed that up to ∼85% sequestration of a drug from plasma protein could be achieved using a sub-CMC concentration of surfactant. Our results clearly show that controlled sequestration of a drug from plasma protein can be achieved with a reduction in the protein denaturing properties of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna K Mora
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India.
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9
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On the Nature of Interplay among Major Flexibility Channels in Molecular Rotors. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/8359527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a part of our interest in the excited-state dynamics of flexible materials, we have undertaken a theoretical investigation to the photo-induced reactions of 2-[4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene]malononitrile (BMN) by a combination of the density functional theory, its extended time-dependent (TD-DFT) single reference, and ab initio molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The results showed that double-bond twisting and the neighbor single-bond twisting togetherness in the excited singlet state is the most important nonradiative deactivation channel to the ground state. Double- and single-bond twisting insert clear intersections among the potential energy surfaces of the singlet states (especially S1/S0) leading to fluorescence quenching. Furthermore, effects of molecular dynamic simulations on molecular properties in the femtosecond to picosecond time domain are studied to validate the results. In agreement with the experimental results, the findings conclude the existence of a flexible geometry-dependent single emission band. Such a study may give information on how the molecule could be externally modified/fixed to yield a desired effect, i.e., more fluorescence or more nonradiative decay.
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10
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Mercadé-Prieto R, Rodriguez-Rivera L, Chen XD. Fluorescence lifetime of Rhodamine B in aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and proteins as a function of viscosity and temperature. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 16:1727-1734. [PMID: 29083002 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhodamine B (RhB) is a well known dye extensively used in thermometric studies, either considering the decrease in the fluorescence intensity or the lifetime (τ) with temperature. Lifetime measurements are preferred over intensity ones as they are more robust. In order to expand microscopy thermometry to complex food fluids, the effect of solutes on the τ of RhB was studied using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in a two-photon microscope. Polysaccharides of different molecular weights (glucose, lactose, dextran, maltodextrin, and sodium alginate), as well as whey proteins, were considered as typical model food ingredients. A linear increase in τ with the concentration is observed in most polysaccharides, highlighting that it is not due to an increase in the macroscopic viscosity, but in maltodextrins a Langmuir-like concentration dependence is observed. There are extensive interactions between RhB and whey proteins at small concentrations that quickly increase τ up to saturation at >10 wt% proteins, with τ modelled well using an adsorption Langmuir model. Therefore, the effect of solutes on RhB τ is not related to changes in the macroscopic viscosity. The temperature sensitivity of τ, quantified using apparent activation energies, decreases at high solute contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Mercadé-Prieto
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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11
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Weber B, Suhina T, Junge T, Pastewka L, Brouwer AM, Bonn D. Molecular probes reveal deviations from Amontons' law in multi-asperity frictional contacts. Nat Commun 2018; 9:888. [PMID: 29497030 PMCID: PMC5832787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amontons’ law defines the friction coefficient as the ratio between friction force and normal force, and assumes that both these forces depend linearly on the real contact area between the two sliding surfaces. However, experimental testing of frictional contact models has proven difficult, because few in situ experiments are able to resolve this real contact area. Here, we present a contact detection method with molecular-level sensitivity. We find that while the friction force is proportional to the real contact area, the real contact area does not increase linearly with normal force. Contact simulations show that this is due to both elastic interactions between asperities on the surface and contact plasticity of the asperities. We reproduce the contact area and fine details of the measured contact geometry by including plastic hardening into the simulations. These new insights will pave the way for a quantitative microscopic understanding of contact mechanics and tribology. Amontons’ law assumes that friction and normal forces depend linearly on the contact area. Here, the authors use a new contact detection method to show that the law is broken because asperities interact and deform in the contact area to change it, thereby also changing the friction force.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Weber
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, IoP, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 110, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - T Suhina
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, IoP, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - T Junge
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engelbert-Arnold-Strasse 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - L Pastewka
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engelbert-Arnold-Strasse 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,MicroTribology Center, Fraunhofer IWM, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A M Brouwer
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Bonn
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, IoP, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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12
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Ghosh R, Kushwaha A, Das D. Conformational Control of Ultrafast Molecular Rotor Property: Tuning Viscosity Sensing Efficiency by Twist Angle Variation. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8786-8794. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Ghosh
- Radiation
and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Archana Kushwaha
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Dipanwita Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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13
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Kielesiński Ł, Morawski O, Dobrzycki Ł, Sobolewski AL, Gryko DT. The Coumarin-Dimer Spring-The Struggle between Charge Transfer and Steric Interactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:9174-9184. [PMID: 28500858 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kielesiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Olaf Morawski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University; Pasteura 1 00-273 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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14
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Raja SO, Sivaraman G, Mukherjee A, Duraisamy C, Gulyani A. Facile Synthesis of Highly Sensitive, Red-Emitting, Fluorogenic Dye for Microviscosity and Mitochondrial Imaging in Embryonic Stem Cells. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sufi O. Raja
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
| | - Gandhi Sivaraman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
| | - Ananya Mukherjee
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
- SASTRA University; Thanjavur- 613401 India
| | | | - Akash Gulyani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
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15
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Pang X, Cui X, Hu D, Jiang C, Zhao D, Lan Z, Li F. “Watching” the Dark State in Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Photoisomerization Process of a Light-Driven Molecular Rotary Motor. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:1240-1249. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Pang
- Key
Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices,
Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xueyan Cui
- Key
Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices,
Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Deping Hu
- Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong China
| | - Chenwei Jiang
- Key
Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices,
Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Key
Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices,
Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong China
| | - Fuli Li
- Key
Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices,
Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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16
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Suhina T, Amirjalayer S, Woutersen S, Bonn D, Brouwer AM. Ultrafast dynamics and solvent-dependent deactivation kinetics of BODIPY molecular rotors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:19998-20007. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescent excited state of a molecular rotor based on the meso-substituted boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY) core decays rapidly to the ground state via a conical intersection. The fluorescence is strongly increased in viscous solvents, but solvent polarity has only a small effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Suhina
- University of Amsterdam
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- 1090 GD Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute
- University of Münster
- Heisenbergstrasse 11
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Sander Woutersen
- University of Amsterdam
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- 1090 GD Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Bonn
- University of Amsterdam
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute
- Institute of Physics
- University of Amsterdam
- 1090 GL Amsterdam
| | - Albert M. Brouwer
- University of Amsterdam
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- 1090 GD Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
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17
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Chiu CC, Hung CC, Cheng PY. Ultrafast Charge Recombination Dynamics in Ternary Electron Donor–Acceptor Complexes: (Benzene)2-Tetracyanoethylene Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12390-12403. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, R. O. C
| | - Chih-Chang Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, R. O. C
| | - Po-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, R. O. C
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18
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Suhina T, Amirjalayer S, Mennucci B, Woutersen S, Hilbers M, Bonn D, Brouwer AM. Excited-State Decay Pathways of Molecular Rotors: Twisted Intermediate or Conical Intersection? J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4285-4290. [PMID: 27736089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity of molecular rotors containing the dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran (DCDHF) motif increases strongly with solvent viscosity. Single-bond and double-bond rotations have been proposed as pathways of nonradiative decay for this and related molecular rotors. We show here that both are involved in the case of DCDHF rotors: Fluorescence is quenched by rotation around the dicyanomethylene double bond in nonpolar solvents, but in a sufficiently polar environment rotation about a formally single bond leads to a dark internal charge-transfer state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Suhina
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94485, 1090 GL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute, University of Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa , via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sander Woutersen
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Hilbers
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Bonn
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94485, 1090 GL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Nandi A, Ghosh R, Palit DK. Excited state relaxation pathways of 4-dimethylamino-β-nitrostyrene: Effect of solvent polarity and donor–acceptor conjugation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Ghosh R, Nandi A, Palit DK. Solvent sensitive intramolecular charge transfer dynamics in the excited states of 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4′-nitrobiphenyl. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7661-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07778h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvent sensitive excited state dynamics of DNBP is explored. In polar solvents, the ultrafast barrierless TICT process is the major relaxation pathway, whereas, in nonpolar solvents the excited state undergoes the PICT process, followed by efficient intersystem crossing to the triplet state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Ghosh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Amitabha Nandi
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Dipak K. Palit
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
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22
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Xochitiotzi-Flores E, Jiménez-Sánchez A, García-Ortega H, Sánchez-Puig N, Romero-Ávila M, Santillan R, Farfán N. Optical properties of two fluorene derived BODIPY molecular rotors as fluorescent ratiometric viscosity probes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two fluorescent ratiometric fluorene derived BODIPY probes present a sensitive response to microviscosity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elba Xochitiotzi-Flores
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Héctor García-Ortega
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Nuria Sánchez-Puig
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Margarita Romero-Ávila
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN
- México
- Mexico
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
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23
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Yu WT, Wu TW, Huang CL, Chen IC, Tan KT. Protein sensing in living cells by molecular rotor-based fluorescence-switchable chemical probes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:301-307. [PMID: 28758005 PMCID: PMC5515057 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02808f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a general design to construct fluorescence-switching probes by using conjugates of a fluorescent molecular rotor and protein specific ligands for the selective protein detection and real-time tracking of protein degradation in living cells. Upon the interaction of the ligand with the protein ligand-binding domain, the crowded surroundings restrict the bond rotation of the fluorescent molecular rotor to trigger the emission of a strong fluorescence signal, which is reduced upon the addition of a competitive ligand or after protein degradation. With this probe design, two fluorescent probes for MGMT and hCAII proteins were constructed and applied for detecting the endogenous proteins in living cells. In addition, real-time degradation kinetics of the alkylated-MGMT at the single living cell level were revealed for the first time. We believe that this fluorescence-switching probe design can possibly be extended for the analysis of other proteins, for which there are still no effective tools to visualize them in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Yu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China . ; Tel: +886-3-5715131
| | - Ting-Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China . ; Tel: +886-3-5715131
| | - Chi-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China . ; Tel: +886-3-5715131
| | - I-Chia Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China . ; Tel: +886-3-5715131
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Kui-Thong Tan
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China . ; Tel: +886-3-5715131
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
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24
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Morawski O, Kozankiewicz B, Miniewicz A, Sobolewski AL. Environment-Sensitive Behavior of DCNP in Solvents with Different Viscosity, Polarity and Proticity. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3500-10. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Morawski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotnikow 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Boleslaw Kozankiewicz
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotnikow 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej Miniewicz
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group; Faculty of Chemistry; Wroclaw University of Technology; 50-370 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotnikow 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
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25
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Suhina T, Weber B, Carpentier CE, Lorincz K, Schall P, Bonn D, Brouwer AM. Fluorescence Microscopy Visualization of Contacts Between Objects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Suhina T, Weber B, Carpentier CE, Lorincz K, Schall P, Bonn D, Brouwer AM. Fluorescence microscopy visualization of contacts between objects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:3688-91. [PMID: 25631338 PMCID: PMC4471612 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The area of contact between two objects was detected by using the strong enhancement of the fluorescence of rigidochromic probe molecules attached to one of the surfaces. Confinement of the molecules suppresses nonradiative decay and turns on the fluorescence. The approach is demonstrated by imaging of the contact area of a plastic sphere in contact with a flat glass surface. Our results agree excellently with the prediction of Hertz’s classical theory based on elastic deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Suhina
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam (The Netherlands); Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94485, 1090 GL Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
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27
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Gavvala K, Satpathi S, Hazra P. Ultrafast dynamics of a molecular rotor in chemical and biological nano-cavities. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excited state dynamics of CCVJ are investigated inside the nano-cavities of CD and HSA using steady-state and femtosecond up-conversion techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Gavvala
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Sagar Satpathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Partha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
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28
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Breffke J, Williams BW, Maroncelli M. The Photophysics of Three Naphthylmethylene Malononitriles. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:9254-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jp509882q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Breffke
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Brian W. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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29
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Chen J, Kistemaker JCM, Robertus J, Feringa BL. Molecular stirrers in action. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14924-32. [PMID: 25254645 DOI: 10.1021/ja507711h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of first-generation light-driven molecular motors with rigid substituents of varying length was synthesized to act as "molecular stirrers". Their rotary motion was studied by (1)H NMR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy in a variety of solvents with different polarity and viscosity. Quantitative analyses of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters show that the rotary speed is affected by the rigidity of the substituents and the length of the rigid substituents and that the differences in speed are governed by entropy effects. Most pronounced is the effect of solvent viscosity on the rotary motion when long, rigid substituents are present. The α values obtained by the free volume model, supported by DFT calculations, demonstrate that during the rotary process of the motor, as the rigid substituent becomes longer, an increased rearranging volume is needed, which leads to enhanced solvent displacement and retardation of the motor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Chen
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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30
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Kondo M, Li X, Maroncelli M. Characterization of trans-2-[4-[(Dimethylamino)styryl]benzothiazole as an Ultrafast Isomerization Probe and a Modifed Kramers Theory Analysis. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12224-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407319f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minako Kondo
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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31
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Chiu CC, Hung CC, Chen CL, Cheng PY. Ultrafast Time-Resolved Broadband Fluorescence Studies of the Benzene-Tetracyanoethylene Complex: Solvation, Vibrational Relaxation, and Charge Recombination Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:9734-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404615u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Chiu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chang Hung
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Lin Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Po-Yuan Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
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32
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Bastos EL, da Silva SM, Baader WJ. Solvent Cage Effects: Basis of a General Mechanism for Efficient Chemiluminescence. J Org Chem 2013; 78:4432-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400426y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erick L. Bastos
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fundamental, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra M. da Silva
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fundamental, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilhelm J. Baader
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fundamental, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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33
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Ishow E, Clavier G, Miomandre F, Rebarz M, Buntinx G, Poizat O. Comprehensive investigation of the excited-state dynamics of push–pull triphenylamine dyes as models for photonic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:13922-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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Gavvala K, Sasikala WD, Sengupta A, Dalvi SA, Mukherjee A, Hazra P. Modulation of excimer formation of 9-(dicyano-vinyl)julolidine by the macrocyclic hosts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:330-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43282j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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35
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Rumble C, Rich K, He G, Maroncelli M. CCVJ Is Not a Simple Rotor Probe. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10786-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rumble
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kacie Rich
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gang He
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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36
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Zhang W, Lan Z, Sun Z, Gaffney KJ. Resolving Photo-Induced Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer with Vibrational Anisotropy and TDDFT. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:11527-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306455m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, 94025, United States
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, 94025, United States
| | - Kelly J. Gaffney
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, 94025, United States
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37
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Photoinduced intramolecular charge-transfer dynamics of a red-emitting dicyanovinyl-based triarylamine dye in solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Lan Z, Lu Y, Weingart O, Thiel W. Nonadiabatic Decay Dynamics of a Benzylidene Malononitrile. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1510-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2117888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggang Lan
- Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong,
China
| | - You Lu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1,
D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Oliver Weingart
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1,
D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1,
D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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39
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40
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Castner EW, Margulis CJ, Maroncelli M, Wishart JF. Ionic liquids: structure and photochemical reactions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2011; 62:85-105. [PMID: 21091193 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-032210-103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are subjects of intense current interest within the physical chemistry community. A great deal of progress has been made in just the past five years toward identifying the factors that cause these salts to have low melting points and other useful properties. Supramolecular structure and organization have emerged as important and complicated topics that may be key to understanding how chemical reactions and other processes are affected by ionic liquids. New questions are posed, and an active debate is ongoing regarding the nature of nanoscale ordering in ionic liquids. The topic of reactivity in ionic liquids is still relatively unexplored; however, the results that have been obtained indicate that distributed kinetics and dynamical heterogeneity may sometimes, but not always, be influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W Castner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8066, USA.
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41
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Levitt JA, Chung PH, Kuimova MK, Yahioglu G, Wang Y, Qu J, Suhling K. Fluorescence anisotropy of molecular rotors. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:662-72. [PMID: 21328515 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We present polarization-resolved fluorescence measurements of fluorescent molecular rotors 9-(2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine (CCVJ), 9-(2,2-dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ), and a meso-substituted boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY-C(12)). The photophysical properties of these molecules are highly dependent on the viscosity of the surrounding solvent. The relationship between their quantum yields and the viscosity of the surrounding medium is given by an equation first described and presented by Förster and Hoffmann and can be used to determine the microviscosity of the environment around a fluorophore. Herein we evaluate the applicability of molecular rotors as probes of apparent viscosity on a microscopic scale based on their viscosity dependent fluorescence depolarization. We develop a theoretical framework, combining the Förster-Hoffmann equation with the Perrin equation and compare the dynamic ranges and usable working regimes for these dyes in terms of utilising fluorescence anisotropy as a measure of viscosity. We present polarization-resolved fluorescence spectra and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy imaging data for measurements of intracellular viscosity. We find that the dynamic range for fluorescence anisotropy for CCVJ and DCVJ is significantly lower than that of BODIPY-C(12) in the viscosity range 0.6<η<600 cP. Moreover, using steady-state anisotropy measurements to probe microviscosity in the low (<3 cP) viscosity regime, the molecular rotors can offer a better dynamic range in anisotropy compared with a rigid dye as a probe of microviscosity, and a higher total working dynamic range in terms of viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Levitt
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
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42
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Lee WE, Lee CL, Sakaguchi T, Fujiki M, Kwak G. Fluorescent Viscosity Sensor Film of Molecular-Scale Porous Polymer with Intramolecular π-Stack Structure. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102798j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Eun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Chang-Lyoul Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Toshikazu Sakaguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Michiya Fujiki
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
| | - Giseop Kwak
- Department of Polymer Science, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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