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Jun T, Shin SH, Won YY. Engineered polymeric excipients for enhancing the stability of protein biologics: Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PNIPAM-PEG) block copolymers. Int J Pharm 2024; 664:124636. [PMID: 39197798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics, particularly antibodies, depend on maintaining their native structures for optimal function. Hydrophobic interfaces, such as the air-water interface, can trigger protein aggregation and denaturation. While completely avoiding such interfacial exposures during manufacturing and storage is impractical, minimizing them is crucial for enhancing protein drug stability and extending shelf life. In the biologics industry, surfactants like polysorbates are commonly used as additives (excipients) to mitigate these undesirable interfacial exposures. However, polysorbates, the most prevalent choice, have recognized limitations in terms of polydispersity, purity, and stability, prompting the exploration of alternative excipients. The present study identifies poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PNIPAM-PEG) block copolymers as a promising alternative to polysorbates. Due to its stronger affinity for the air-water interface, PNIPAM-PEG significantly outperforms polysorbates in enhancing protein stability. This claim is supported by results from multiple tests. Accelerated dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments demonstrate PNIPAM-PEG's exceptional efficacy in preserving IgG stability against surface-induced aggregation, surpassing conventional polysorbate excipients (Tween 80 and Tween 20) under high-temperature conditions. Additionally, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy results reveal conformational alterations associated with aggregation, with PNIPAM-PEG consistently demonstrates a greater protective effect by mitigating negative shifts at λ ≅ 220 nm, indicative of changes in secondary structure. Overall, this study positions PNIPAM-PEG as a promising excipient for antibody therapeutics, facilitating the development of more stable and effective biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesuk Jun
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sung-Ho Shin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Xu G, Lu Y, Zhou X, Moloto N, Liu J, Kure-Chu SZ, Hihara T, Zhang W, Sun Z. Thermochromic hydrogel-based energy efficient smart windows: fabrication, mechanisms, and advancements. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39324863 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00903g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Thermochromic smart windows are regarded as highly cost-effective and easily implementable strategies with zero energy input among the smart window technologies. They possess the capability to spontaneously adjust between transparent and opaque states according to the ambient temperatures, which is essential for energy-efficient buildings. Recently, thermochromic smart windows based on hydrogels with various chromic mechanisms have emerged to meet the increasing demand for energy-saving smart windows. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in hydrogel-based thermochromic smart windows, focusing on fabrication strategies, chromic mechanisms, and improvements in responsiveness, stability and energy-saving performance. Key developments include dual-responsiveness, tunable critical transition temperatures, freezing resistance, and integrations with radiative cooling/power generation technologies. Finally, we also offer a perspective on the future development of thermochromic smart windows utilizing hydrogels. We hope that this review will enhance the understanding of the chromic mechanism of thermochromic hydrogels, and bring new insights and inspirations on the further design and development of thermochromic hydrogels and derived smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Yucan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xinguantong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Nosipho Moloto
- Molecular Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits2050, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Materials Function and Design, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Song-Zhu Kure-Chu
- Department of Materials Function and Design, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takehiko Hihara
- Department of Materials Function and Design, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - ZhengMing Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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Lei C, Guan W, Zhao Y, Yu G. Chemistries and materials for atmospheric water harvesting. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7328-7362. [PMID: 38896434 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00423j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is recognized as a crucial strategy to address the global challenge of water scarcity by tapping into the vast reserves of atmospheric moisture for potable water supply. Within this domain, sorbents lie in the core of AWH technologies as they possess broad adaptability across a wide spectrum of humidity levels, underpinned by the cyclic sorption and desorption processes of sorbents, necessitating a multi-scale viewpoint regarding the rational material and chemical selection and design. This Invited Review delves into the essential sorption mechanisms observed across various classes of sorbent systems, emphasizing the water-sorbent interactions and the progression of water networks. A special focus is placed on the insights derived from isotherm profiles, which elucidate sorbent structures and sorption dynamics. From these foundational principles, we derive material and chemical design guidelines and identify key tuning factors from a structural-functional perspective across multiple material systems, addressing their fundamental chemistries and unique attributes. The review further navigates through system-level design considerations to optimize water production efficiency. This review aims to equip researchers in the field of AWH with a thorough understanding of the water-sorbent interactions, material design principles, and system-level considerations essential for advancing this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxin Lei
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Weixin Guan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Yaxuan Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Chafran L, Carfagno A. Synthesis of multi-responsive poly(NIPA- co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles in aqueous solution for application as glucose-sensitive insulin-releasing nanoparticles. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1259-1270. [PMID: 38932860 PMCID: PMC11196523 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to present an innovative method for synthesizing pH-thermo-glucose responsive poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles via single-step aqueous free radical polymerization. Methods The synthesis process involved free radical polymerization in an aqueous solution, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized for their physical and chemical properties by 1H NMR, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Insulin-loaded poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated for their insulin capture and release properties at different pH and temperature, in addition to different glucose concentrations, with the release profile of insulin quantitatively evaluated using the Bradford method. Results 1H NMR results confirmed successful PBA incorporation, and DLS outcomes consistently indicated a transition to a more hydrophobic state above the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of NIPA and DMAEMA. While pH responsiveness exhibited variation, insulin release generally increased with rising pH from acidic to neutral conditions, aligning with the anticipated augmentation of anionic PBA moieties and increased hydrogel hydrophilicity. Increased insulin release in the presence of glucose, particularly for formulations with the lowest mol % PBA, along with a slight increase for the highest mol % PBA formulation when increasing glucose from 1 to 4 mg/mL, supported the potential of this approach for nanoparticle synthesis tailored for glucose-responsive insulin release. Conclusions This work successfully demonstrates a novel method for synthesizing responsive hydrogel nanoparticles and underscores their potential for controlled insulin release in response to glucose concentrations. The observed pH-dependent insulin release patterns and the influence of PBA content on responsiveness highlight the versatility and promise of this nanoparticle synthesis approach for applications in glucose-responsive drug delivery systems. Graphical abstract Poly(NIPA) nanoparticles containing PBA moieties are normally synthesized in two or more steps in the presence of organic solvents. Here we propose a new method for the synthesis of multiresponsive hydrogel poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA nanoparticles in aqueous medium in a single reaction to provide a fast and effective strategy for the production of glucose-responsive multi-systems in aqueous media from free radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Chafran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110 USA
| | - Amy Carfagno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110 USA
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Ji D, Liu J, Zhao J, Li M, Rho Y, Shin H, Han TH, Bae J. Sustainable 3D printing by reversible salting-out effects with aqueous salt solutions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3925. [PMID: 38724512 PMCID: PMC11082145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Achieving a simple yet sustainable printing technique with minimal instruments and energy remains challenging. Here, a facile and sustainable 3D printing technique is developed by utilizing a reversible salting-out effect. The salting-out effect induced by aqueous salt solutions lowers the phase transition temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions to below 10 °C. It enables the spontaneous and instant formation of physical crosslinks within PNIPAM chains at room temperature, thus allowing the PNIPAM solution to solidify upon contact with a salt solution. The PNIPAM solutions are extrudable through needles and can immediately solidify by salt ions, preserving printed structures, without rheological modifiers, chemical crosslinkers, and additional post-processing steps/equipment. The reversible physical crosslinking and de-crosslinking of the polymer through the salting-out effect demonstrate the recyclability of the polymeric ink. This printing approach extends to various PNIPAM-based composite solutions incorporating functional materials or other polymers, which offers great potential for developing water-soluble disposable electronic circuits, carriers for delivering small materials, and smart actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwan Ji
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Liu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Minghao Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yumi Rho
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Chemical Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hwansoo Shin
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Han
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhye Bae
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Chemical Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Cai Y, Naser NY, Ma J, Baneyx F. Precision Loading and Delivery of Molecular Cargo by Size-Controlled Coacervation of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Elastin-like Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2390-2398. [PMID: 38478587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive elastin-like peptides (ELPs) have been extensively investigated in biotechnology and medicine, but little attention has been paid to the process by which coacervation causes ELP-decorated particles to aggregate. Using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a cysteine-terminated 96-repeat of the VPGVG sequence (V96-Cys), we show that the size of the clusters that reversibly form above the ELP transition temperature can be finely controlled in the 250 to 930 nm range by specifying the concentration of free V96-Cys in solution and using AuNPs of different sizes. We further find that the localized surface plasmon resonance peak of the embedded AuNPs progressively red-shifts with cluster size, likely due to an increase in particle-particle contacts. We exploit this fine control over size to homogeneously load precise amounts of the dye Nile Red and the antibiotic Tetracycline into clusters of different hydrodynamic diameters and deliver cargos near-quantitatively by deconstructing the aggregates below the ELP transition temperature. Beyond establishing a key role for free ELPs in the agglomeration of ELP-functionalized particles, our results provide a path for the thermally controlled delivery of precise quantities of molecular cargo. This capability might prove useful in combination photothermal therapies and theranostic applications, and to trigger spatially and temporally uniform responses from biological, electronic, or optical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Cai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nada Y Naser
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jinrong Ma
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - François Baneyx
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Dixit K, Bora H, Chakrabarti R, Saha B, Dogra N, Biswas S, Sengupta TK, Kaushal M, Rana S, Mukherjee G, Dhara S. Thermoresponsive keratin-methylcellulose self-healing injectable hydrogel accelerating full-thickness wound healing by promoting rapid epithelialization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130073. [PMID: 38342268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wounds suffer from impaired healing due to microbial attack and poor vascular growth. Thermoresponsive hydrogels gained attention in wound dressing owing to their gelation at physiological temperature enabling them to take the shape of asymmetric wounds. The present study delineates the development of thermoresponsive hydrogel (MCK), from hair-derived keratin (K) and methylcellulose (MC) in the presence of sodium sulfate. The gelation temperature (Tg) of this hydrogel is in the range of 30 °C to 33 °C. Protein-polymer interaction leading to thermoreversible sol-gel transition involved in MCK blends has been analyzed and confirmed by FTIR, XRD, and thermal studies. Keratin, has introduced antioxidant properties to the hydrogel imparted cytocompatibility towards human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) as evidenced by both MTT and live dead assays. In vitro wound healing assessment has been shown by enhanced migration of HDFs in the presence of MCK hydrogel compared to the control. Also, CAM assay and CD31 expression by the Wistar rat model has shown increased blood vessel branching after the implantation of MCK hydrogel. Further, in vivo study, demonstrated MCK efficacy of hydrogel in accelerating full-thickness wounds with minimal scarring in Wistar rats, re-epithelialization, and reinstatement of the epidermal-dermal junction thereby exhibiting clinical relevance for chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Dixit
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India; Immunology and Inflammation Research Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Hema Bora
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparna Chakrabarti
- Cardiovascular biology lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Baisakhee Saha
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Nantu Dogra
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Biswas
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Manish Kaushal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Subhasis Rana
- Department of Basic Science and Humanities, University of Engineering and Management, New Town, Action Area-III, Kolkata 700160, India
| | - Gayatri Mukherjee
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- Biomaterial Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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Xu L, He L, Li Y, Cai T, Zhang J, Chu Z, Shen X, Cai R, Shi H, Zhu C. Stimuli-triggered multilayer films in response to temperature and ionic strength changes for controlled favipiravir drug release. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035004. [PMID: 38364282 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2a3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The block copolymer micelles and natural biopolymers were utilized to form layer-by-layer (LbL) films via electrostatic interaction, which were able to effectively load and controllably release favipiravir, a potential drug for the treatment of coronavirus epidemic. The LbL films demonstrated reversible swelling/shrinking behavior along with the manipulation of temperature, which could also maintain the integrity in the structure and the morphology. Due to dehydration of environmentally responsive building blocks, the drug release rate from the films was decelerated by elevating environmental temperature and ionic strength. In addition, the pulsed release of favipiravir was observed from the multilayer films under the trigger of temperature, which ensured the precise control in the content of the therapeutic reagents at a desired time point. The nanoparticle-based LbL films could be used for on-demandin vitrorelease of chemotherapeutic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang He
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhao Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Cai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- N.O.D topia (GuangZhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510599, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Chu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Shen
- China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Cai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyin Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
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Traldi F, Resmini M. Impact of Protein Corona Formation on the Thermoresponsive Behavior of Acrylamide-Based Nanogels. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1340-1350. [PMID: 38242644 PMCID: PMC10865348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The ability to fine-tune the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of thermoresponsive nanoparticles is essential to their successful application in drug delivery. The rational design of these materials is limited by our understanding of the impact that nanoparticle-protein interactions have on their thermoresponsive behavior. In this work, we demonstrate how the formation of protein corona impacts the transition temperature values of acrylamide-based nanogels and their reversibility characteristics, in the presence of lysozyme, given its relevance for the ocular and intranasal administration route. Nanogels were synthesized with N-isopropylacrylamide or N-n-propylacrylamide as backbone monomers, methylenebis(acrylamide) (2.5-20 molar %) as a cross-linker, and functionalized with negatively charged monomers 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N-acryloyl-l-proline, or acrylic acid; characterization showed comparable particle diameter (c.a.10 nm), but formulation-dependent thermoresponsive properties, in the range 28-54 °C. Lysozyme was shown to form a complex with the negatively charged nanogels, lowering their VPTT values; the hydrophilic nature of the charged comonomer controlled the drop in VPTT upon complex formation, while matrix rigidity only had a small, yet significant effect. The cross-linker content was found to play a major role in determining the reversibility of the temperature-dependent transition of the complexes, with only 20 molar % cross-linked-nanogels displaying a fully reversible transition. These results demonstrate the importance of evaluating protein corona formation in the development of drug delivery systems based on thermoresponsive nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Traldi
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Marina Resmini
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
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Pawłowska S, Cysewska K, Ziai Y, Karczewski J, Jasiński P, Molin S. Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo 2O 4 on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 15:57-70. [PMID: 38229679 PMCID: PMC10790649 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a strategy for one-stage synthesis of polymer composites based on PNIPAAm hydrogel was presented. Both conductive particles in the form of conductive carbon black (cCB) and MnCo2O4 (MCO) spinel particles were suspended in the three-dimensional structure of the hydrogel. The MCO particles in the resulting hydrogel composite acted as an electrocatalyst in the oxygen evolution reaction. Morphological studies confirmed that the added particles were incorporated and, in the case of a higher concentration of cCB particles, also bound to the surface of the structure of the hydrogel matrix. The produced composite materials were tested in terms of their electrical properties, showing that an increase in the concentration of conductive particles in the hydrogel structure translates into a lowering of the impedance modulus and an increase in the double-layer capacitance of the electrode. This, in turn, resulted in a higher catalytic activity of the electrode in the oxygen evolution reaction. The use of a hydrogel as a matrix to suspend the catalyst particles, and thus increase their availability through the electrolyte, seems to be an interesting and promising application approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Pawłowska
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Cysewska
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Yasamin Ziai
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego St. 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Jasiński
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Molin
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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Zhang K, Barbieri E, LeBarre J, Rameez S, Mostafa S, Menegatti S. Peptonics: A new family of cell-protecting surfactants for the recombinant expression of therapeutic proteins in mammalian cell cultures. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300261. [PMID: 37844203 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymer surfactants are key components of cell culture media as they prevent mechanical damage during fermentation in stirred bioreactors. Among cell-protecting surfactants, Pluronics are widely utilized in biomanufacturing to ensure high cell viability and productivity. Monodispersity of monomer sequence and length is critical for the effectiveness of Pluronics-since minor deviations can damage the cells-but is challenging to achieve due to the stochastic nature of polymerization. Responding to this challenge, this study introduces Peptonics, a novel family of peptide and peptoid surfactants whose monomer composition and sequence are designed to achieve high cell viability and productivity at a fraction of chain length and cost of Pluronics. A designed ensemble of Peptonics was initially characterized via light scattering and tensiometry to select sequences whose phase behavior and tensioactivity align with those of Pluronics. Selected sequences were evaluated as cell-protecting surfactants using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Peptonics IH-T1010, ih-T1010, and ih-T1020 afforded high cell density (up to 3 × 107 cells mL-1 ) and viability (up to 95% within 10 days of culture), while reducing the accumulation of ammonia (a toxic metabolite) by ≈10% compared to Pluronic F-68. Improved cell viability afforded high mAb titer (up to 5.5 mg mL-1 ) and extended the production window beyond 14 days; notably, Peptonic IH-T1020 decreased mAb fragmentation and aggregation ≈5%, and lowered the titer of host cell proteins by 16% compared to Pluronic F-68. These features can improve significantly the purification of mAbs, thus increasing their availability at a lower cost to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- KBI Biopharma, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eduardo Barbieri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- LigaTrap Technologies LLC, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jacob LeBarre
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- LigaTrap Technologies LLC, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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12
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Brissenden AJ, Amsden BG. In situ forming macroporous biohybrid hydrogel for nucleus pulposus cell delivery. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:169-184. [PMID: 37598793 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative intervertebral disc disease is a common source of chronic pain and reduced quality of life in people over the age of 40. While degeneration occurs throughout the disc, it most often initiates in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Minimally invasive delivery of NP cells within hydrogels that can restore and maintain the disc height while regenerating the damaged NP tissue is a promising treatment strategy for this condition. Towards this goal, a biohybrid ABA dimethacrylate triblock copolymer was synthesized, possessing a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C and which contained as its central block an MMP-degradable peptide flanked by poly(trimethylene carbonate) blocks bearing pendant oligoethylene glycol groups. This triblock prepolymer was used to form macroporous NP cell-laden hydrogels via redox initiated (ammonium persulfate/sodium bisulfite) crosslinking, with or without the inclusion of thiolated chondroitin sulfate. The resulting macroporous hydrogels had water and mechanical properties similar to those of human NP tissue and were mechanically resilient. The hydrogels supported NP cell attachment and growth over 28 days in hypoxic culture. In hydrogels prepared with the triblock copolymer but without the chondroitin sulfate the NP cells were distributed homogeneously throughout in clusters and deposited collagen type II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans but not collagen type I. This hydrogel formulation warrants further investigation as a cell delivery vehicle to regenerate degenerated NP tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The intervertebral disc between the vertebral bones of the spine consists of three regions: a gel-like central nucleus pulposus (NP) within the annulus fibrosis, and bony endplates. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is a source of chronic pain in the elderly and most commonly initiates in the NP. Replacement of degenerated NP tissue with a NP cell-laden hydrogel is a promising treatment strategy. Herein we demonstrate that a crosslinkable polymer with a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C can be used to form macroporous hydrogels for this purpose. The hydrogels are capable of supporting NP cells, which deposit collagen II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans, while also possessing mechanical properties matching those of human NP tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Brissenden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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13
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Otulakowski Ł, Trzebicka B. Aggregation of Thermoresponsive Polymethacrylates in a Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium and Its Salts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3587. [PMID: 37688213 PMCID: PMC10489804 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The thermal behavior and aggregation process of the poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate], and poly[(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] thermoresponsive polymers were studied in a commonly used Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) cell culture medium and solutions of its individual components in the same concentration as found in DMEM. All studied copolymers exhibited an unexpected transmittance profile in the DMEM. During heating above the cloud point temperature (TCP), the polymers additionally aggregated, which led to the formation of their precipitates. The behavior of the polymers was further studied to evaluate how individual salts affected the transition temperature, size (Dh), and stability of the polymer particles. Organic additives, such as amino acids and glucose, had a significantly lesser impact on the thermoresponsive aggregation of the polymers than inorganic ones. Changes to the TCP were small and the formation of precipitates was not observed. The presence of small amounts of amino acids caused a decrease in the polymer aggregate sizes. Obtained results are of utmost importance in thermoresponsive drug nanocarrier studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Otulakowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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14
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Karmakar R, Chakrabarti J. Hot crystals of thermo-responsive particles with temperature dependent diameter in the presence of a temperature gradient. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:034904. [PMID: 37466232 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure formation under non-equilibrium steady state conditions is poorly understood. A non-equilibrium steady state can be achieved in a system by maintaining a temperature gradient. A class of cross-linked microgel particles, such as poly-N-iso-propylacrylamide, is reported to increase in size due to the adsorption of water as the temperature decreases. Here, we study thermo-responsive particles with a temperature sensitive diameter in the presence of a temperature gradient, using molecular dynamics simulations with the Langevin thermostat. We find long-ranged structural order using bond order parameters in both cold and hot regions of the system beyond a certain diameter ratio of the cold and hot particles. This is due to an increase in packing and pressure in both regions. Our observations might be useful in understanding ordered structures under extreme conditions of a non-equilibrium steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Karmakar
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106, India
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15
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Wu J, Li Y, Duan S, Wang Z, Jing X, Lin Y, Zhu D, Lei W, Shi Q, Tao L. Bioinspired Stretchable MXene Deformation-Insensitive Hydrogel Temperature Sensors for Plant and Skin Electronics. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0106. [PMID: 37275122 PMCID: PMC10237174 DOI: 10.34133/research.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Temperature sensing is of high value in the wearable healthcare, robotics/prosthesis, and noncontact physiological monitoring. However, the common mechanic deformation, including pressing, bending, and stretching, usually causes undesirable feature size changes to the inner conductive network distribution of temperature sensors, which seriously influences the accuracy. Here, inspired by the transient receptor potential mechanism of biological thermoreceptors that could work precisely under various skin contortions, we propose an MXene/Clay/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) (MCP) hydrogel with high stretchability, spike response, and deformation insensitivity. The dynamic spike response is triggered by the inner conductive network transformation from the 3-dimensional structure to the 2-dimensional surface after water being discharged at the threshold temperature. The water discharge is solely determined by the thermosensitivity of PNIPAM, which is free from mechanical deformation, so the MCP hydrogels can perform precise threshold temperature (32 °C) sensing under various deformation conditions, i.e., pressing and 15% stretching. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the applications in plant electronics for the real-time surface temperature monitoring and skin electronics for communicating between human and machines. Our research opens venues for the accurate temperature-threshold sensation on the complicated surface and mechanical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Shengshun Duan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Zhehan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xu Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yucheng Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Qiongfeng Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Li Tao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
- Center of 2D Materials and Devices,
Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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16
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Khrystonko O, Rimpelová S, Burianová T, Švorčík V, Lyutakov O, Elashnikov R. Smart multi stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers for on-demand drug release. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:338-347. [PMID: 37301158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIPAm-co-AAc) microgel-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers as temperature-, pH- and electro-responsive materials. First, the PNIPAm-co-AAc microgels were prepared by precipitation polymerization and then electrospun with PCL. The morphology of the prepared materials, analysed by scanning electron microscopy, showed a narrow nanofiber distribution in the range of 500-800 nm, depending on microgel content. Refractometry measurements, performed at pH4 and 6.5, as well as in distilled water, indicated the thermo- and pH-responsive behaviour of the nanofibers between 31 and 34 °C. After being thoroughly characterized, the prepared nanofibers were loaded with crystal violet (CV) or gentamicin as model drugs. The application of a pulsed voltage led to a pronounced increase in drug release kinetics, which was also dependent on microgel content. In addition, long-term temperature- and pH-responsive release was demonstrated. Next, the prepared materials displayed switchable antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Finally, cell compatibility tests showed that NIH 3T3 fibroblasts spread evenly over the nanofiber surface, confirming that the nanofibers serve as a favourable support for cell growth. Overall, the prepared nanofibers offer switchable drug release and appear to have considerable biomedical potential, particularly in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Khrystonko
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Burianová
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic
| | - Václav Švorčík
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic
| | - Oleksiy Lyutakov
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic
| | - Roman Elashnikov
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, The Czech Republic.
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17
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Marcisz K, Sawicka M, Jagleniec D, Romanski J, Karbarz M, Stojek Z, Kaniewska K. Temperature and ionic strength modulated responses of modified with viologen derivative electrosensitive microgel. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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18
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Krevert CS, Gunkel L, Haese C, Hunger J. Ion-specific binding of cations to the carboxylate and of anions to the amide of alanylalanine. Commun Chem 2022; 5:173. [PMID: 36697920 PMCID: PMC9814750 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of ion-specific effects on oligopeptides have aided our understanding of Hofmeister effects on proteins, yet the use of different model peptides and different experimental sensitivities have led to conflicting conclusions. To resolve these controversies, we study a small model peptide, L-Alanyl-L-alanine (2Ala), carrying all fundamental chemical protein motifs: C-terminus, amide bond, and N-terminus. We elucidate the effect of GdmCl, LiCl, KCl, KI, and KSCN by combining dielectric relaxation, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and (two-dimensional) infrared spectroscopy. Our dielectric results show that all ions reduce the rotational mobility of 2Ala, yet the magnitude of the reduction is larger for denaturing cations than for anions. The NMR chemical shifts of the amide group are particularly sensitive to denaturing anions, indicative of anion-amide interactions. Infrared experiments reveal that LiCl alters the spectral homogeneity and dynamics of the carboxylate, but not the amide group. Interaction of LiCl with the negatively charged pole of 2Ala, the COO- group, can explain the marked cationic effect on dipolar rotation, while interaction of anions between the poles, at the amide, only weakly perturbs dipolar dynamics. As such, our results provide a unifying view on ions' preferential interaction sites at 2Ala and help rationalize Hofmeister effects on proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Sophie Krevert
- grid.419547.a0000 0001 1010 1663Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucas Gunkel
- grid.419547.a0000 0001 1010 1663Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Constantin Haese
- grid.419547.a0000 0001 1010 1663Department of Molecular Electronics, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Hunger
- grid.419547.a0000 0001 1010 1663Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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19
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Lv K, Du H, Sun J, Huang X, Shen H. A Thermal-Responsive Zwitterionic Polymer Gel as a Filtrate Reducer for Water-Based Drilling Fluids. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120832. [PMID: 36547357 PMCID: PMC9777744 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to address the performance deterioration of water-based drilling fluids (WDFs) in situations of excessive salinity and high temperature while extracting deep oil and gas deposits. The focus of research in the area of drilling fluid has always been on filter reducers that are temperature and salt resistant. In this study, a copolymer gel (PAND) was synthesized using acrylamide, N-isopropyl acrylamide, and 3-dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate through free-radical polymerization. The copolymer gel was then studied using FTIR, NMR, TGA, and element analysis. The PAND solution demonstrated temperature and salt stimulus response characteristics on rheology because of the hydrophobic association effect of temperature-sensitive monomers and the anti-polyelectrolyte action of zwitterionic monomers. Even in conditions with high temperatures (180 °C) and high salinities (30 wt% NaCl solution), the water-based drilling fluid with 1 wt% PAND displayed exceptional rheological and filtration properties. Zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the mechanism of filtration reduction. The results indicated that PAND could enhance bentonite particle colloidal stability, prevent bentonite particle aggregation, and form a compact mud cake, all of which are crucial for reducing the filtration volume of water-based drilling fluid. The PAND exhibit excellent potential for application in deep and ultra-deep drilling engineering, and this research may offer new thoughts on the use of zwitterionic polymer gel in the development of smart water-based drilling fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihe Lv
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Hongyan Du
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xianbin Huang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Haokun Shen
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
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20
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Mills R, Baldridge KC, Bernard M, Bhattacharyya D. Recent Advances in Responsive Membrane Functionalization Approaches and Applications. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022; 58:1202-1236. [PMID: 37063489 PMCID: PMC10103845 DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2145222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, significant advances have been made in the field of functionalized membranes. With the functionalization using various materials, such as polymers and enzymes, membranes can exhibit property changes in response to an environmental stimulation, such as heat, light, ionic strength, or pH. The resulting responsive nature allows for an increased breadth of membrane uses, due to the developed functionalization properties, such as smart-gating filtration for size-selective water contaminant removal, self-cleaning antifouling surfaces, increased scalability options, and highly sensitive molecular detection. In this review, new advances in both fabrication and applications of functionalized membranes are reported and summarized, including temperature-responsive, pH-responsive, light-responsive, enzyme-functionalized, and two-dimensional material-functionalized membranes. Specific emphasis was given to the most recent technological improvements, current limitations, advances in characterization techniques, and future directions for the field of functionalized membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rollie Mills
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Kevin C. Baldridge
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Matthew Bernard
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Dibakar Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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21
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Nagumo R, Nishikawa K, Sato A, Ogita A, Iwata S. Molecular dynamics simulations of the folding structure of a thermoresponsive 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate oligomer in the globule state. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00705-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Pasban S, Raissi H. PNIPAM/Hexakis as a thermosensitive drug delivery system for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14363. [PMID: 35999242 PMCID: PMC9399122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many technologies ranging from drug delivery approaches to tissue engineering purposes are beginning to benefit from the unique ability of "smart polymers." As a special case, thermo-sensitive hydrogels have great potential, e.g. in actuators, microfluidics, sensors, or drug delivery systems. Here, the loading of Doxorubicin (DOX) with novel thermo-sensitive polymer N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) and its copolymers are investigated in order to increase the Doxorubicin's drug efficacy on the targeted tumor site. Therefore, a rational design accurate based on the use of classical molecular dynamics (MD) and well-tempered metadynamics simulations allows for predicting and understanding the behavior of thermo-responsive polymers in the loading of DOX on Hexakis nano-channel at 298 and 320 K. Furthermore, this work investigates the efficacy of this drug carrier for the release of DOX in response to stimuli like variations in temperature and changes in the physiological pH. The study concludes that the Hexakis-polymer composite is capable of adsorbing the DOX at neutral pH and by increasing the temperature of the simulated systems from 298 to 320 K, the strength of intermolecular attraction decreases. In addition, the obtained results of MD simulation revealed that the dominant interaction between DOX and Hexakis in the DOX/polymer/Hexakis systems is the Lennard-Jones (LJ) term due to the formation of strong π-π interaction between the adsorbate and substrate surface. Obtained results show that a higher aggregation of DMA chains around the Hexakis and the formation of stronger bonds with DOX. The results of the well-tempered metadynamics simulations revealed that the order of insertion of drug and polymer into the system is a determining factor on the fate of the adsorption/desorption process. Overall, our results explain the temperature-dependent behavior of the PNIPAM polymers and the suitability of the polymer-Hexakis carrier for Doxorubicin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Pasban
- Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Heidar Raissi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
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23
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Electrospun Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) Membranes for Protein Purification. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070714. [PMID: 35877917 PMCID: PMC9324864 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Responsive membranes for hydrophobic interaction chromatography have been fabricated by functionalizing poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) ligands on the substrate of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofibers. Both static and dynamic binding capacities and product recovery were investigated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as model proteins. The effects of ligand chain length and chain density on static binding capacity were also studied. A static binding capacity of ~25 mg/mL of membrane volume (MV) can be achieved in optimal ligand grafting conditions. For dynamic binding studies, protein binding capacity increased with protein concentration from 0.1 to 1.0 g/L. Dynamic binding capacity increased from ~8 mg/mL MV at 0.1 g/L BSA to over 30 mg/mL at 1.0 g/L BSA. However, BSA recovery decreased as protein concentration increased from ~98% at 0.1 g/L BSA to 51% at 1 g/L BSA loading concentration. There is a clear trade-off between binding capacity and recovery rate. The electrospun substrate with thicker fibers and more open pore structures is superior to thinner fibrous membrane substrates.
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24
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Kalkan B, Orakdogen N. Anionically modified N-(alkyl)acrylamide-based semi-IPN hybrid gels reinforced with SiO 2 for enhanced on-off switching and responsive properties. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4582-4603. [PMID: 35695386 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00319h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semi-interpenetrated (semi-IPN) poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)/polyacrylamide P(NIPA-MA)/PAAm hybrid gels containing linear poly(acrylamide) PAAm chains were designed by incorporation of different amounts of silica particles (SiP). Formation of temperature-sensitive semi-IPN hybrid gels was evaluated by simultaneous radical polymerization under different polymerization temperatures, and the effect of polymer/particle interfaces on the swelling and elasticity was explained. Nanoparticle-mediated enhancements were studied to understand the effect of addition of SiP to anionically modified semi-IPNs. Hybrid network formation was confirmed by FTIR, with an increase in SiP resulting in an increased Si-O-Si absorption peak in hybrid samples. P(NIPA-MA)/PAAm/SiP gels showed a reduction in the degree of swelling with the addition of SiP. The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter of the semi-IPN hybrid-solvent was estimated using the extended equation. The compression test results showed an improvement in the stiffness and modulus attributed to stress transfer from the hybrid network to nanoparticles. Swelling processes of semi-IPN hybrids prepared by cold polymerization have anomalous diffusion owing to polymer relaxation, while Fickian behavior was observed for the hybrids obtained by warm polymerization. During oscillation shrinking-swelling of semi-IPN hybrids upon ionic-strength switching in NaCl solutions, the gels retained their shape and integrity for 10 cycles of testing. To evaluate the adsorption characteristics of semi-IPN hybrids, methyl violet (MV) was chosen as a model cationic dye. The effects of contact time, silica content and initial dye concentration were studied and the time-dependent adsorption data were fitted with six kinetic models. The MV uptake capacity of semi-IPN hybrids increased with an increase in the initial MV concentration as well as with silica content. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order type adsorption kinetics and the mechanism of process was better described by intraparticle diffusion. These results will contribute to the understanding of roles of anionic comonomer and linear polymer doping in nanoparticle-mediated synthesis of hybrid gels and to the development of next-generation materials for pharmaceutical and environmental-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgul Kalkan
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Soft Materials Research Laboratory, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nermin Orakdogen
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Soft Materials Research Laboratory, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
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25
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Forte G, Consiglio G, Satriano C, Maugeri L, Petralia S. A nanosized photothermal responsive core-shell carbonized polymer dots based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for light-triggered drug release. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112628. [PMID: 35716451 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell nanocomposites are one of the most important achievements in the fast-growing field of nanotechnology. The combination of multi-responsive nano-shell with luminescent and photothermal core has led to promising applications in various fields such as optics, electronics and medicine. In this work, a nanosized core-shell system composed by carbonized dots core and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) shell was developed and the photothermal triggered release of doxorubicin was demonstrated. The system was fully characterized by H1-NMR, DLS, Z-potential, AFM, optical absorption and fluorescence measurements. A photothermal conversion efficiency (η) value of about 67.9% and a doxorubicin photo-release rate value of about 1.0% min-1 were measured. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations data were in agreement with experimental results, at 310 K the coil-to-globule transition and a consequent desorption of doxorubicin from the polymer were observed. Both the radius of gyration and the fluctuation of the distance doxorubicin-PNIPAM pointed that the temperature above the LCST and the acid pH facilitated the polymer transition. Moreover, MD simulations and experimental data suggested an influence on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) exerted by the number of polymer chains anchored to the carbon core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Consiglio
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ludovica Maugeri
- A.O.U Policlinico "G. Rodolico San Marco", Via S. Sofia, 5125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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26
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Tavagnacco L, Zaccarelli E, Chiessi E. Modeling Solution Behavior of Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide): A Comparison between Water Models. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3778-3788. [PMID: 35491838 PMCID: PMC9150113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Water is known to
play a fundamental role in determining the structure
and functionality of macromolecules. The same crucial contribution
is also found in the in silico description of polymer aqueous solutions.
In this work, we exploit the widely investigated synthetic polymer
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to understand
the effect of the adopted water model on its solution behavior and
to refine the computational setup. By means of atomistic molecular
dynamics simulations, we perform a comparative study of PNIPAM aqueous
solution using two advanced water models: TIP4P/2005 and TIP4P/Ice.
The conformation and hydration features of an atactic 30-mer at infinite
dilution are probed at a range of temperature and pressure suitable
to detect the coil-to-globule transition and to map the P–T
phase diagram. Although both water models can reproduce the temperature-induced
coil-to-globule transition at atmospheric pressure and the polymer
hydration enhancement that occurs with increasing pressure, the PNIPAM–TIP4P/Ice
solution shows better agreement with experimental findings. This result
can be attributed to a stronger interaction of TIP4P/Ice water with
both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of PNIPAM, as well as to a
less favorable contribution of the solvent entropy to the coil-to-globule
transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Tavagnacco
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A, Moro 2, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zaccarelli
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A, Moro 2, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Ester Chiessi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, Rome 00133, Italy
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27
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Rasouli S, Hashemianzadeh SM, Moghbeli MR. Role of physicochemical characteristics of poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) on the polymer thermal responsivity and interfacial properties in aqueous solution: All-atom simulation study. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 112:108140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Wenisch SE, Schaffer A, Rieger B. Effect of Hofmeister Salts on the LCST of Poly(diethyl vinylphosphonate) and Poly(2‐vinylpyridine‐
block‐
diethyl vinylphosphonate). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E. Wenisch
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
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29
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Xu X, Bizmark N, Christie KSS, Datta SS, Ren ZJ, Priestley RD. Thermoresponsive Polymers for Water Treatment and Collection. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Impact of the various buffer solutions on the temperature-responsive properties of POEGMA-grafted brush coatings. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-04959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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31
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Flow behavior of thermo-thickening associative polymers in porous media: effects of associative content, salinity, time, velocity, and temperature. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-04961-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Above a critical temperature, thermo-thickening associative polymers (TAPs) have a superior ability to decrease the mobility of the water phase, compared to traditional polymers for enhanced oil recovery. The ability to decrease the mobility, will be amplified at low flow velocities, and by the presence of salt, and is much higher in porous media than would be expected from bulk viscosity. In this work, we have examined TAPs ability to reduce the mobility, i.e., to increase the resistance factor. We have studied the effect of increasing the associative content, changing the porous media, changing the salinity, and scaling up the size of the porous media. How the resistance factor evolved, was studied as a function of temperature, velocity, and time. We found that a critical associative content or critical concentration of polymer was needed to achieve thermo-thickening in the porous media. As expected, thermo-thickening increased by increasing the salinity. For the relative homogenous clastic porose media investigated here, ranging from ~ 1Darcy sandstone to multidarcy sand, type of porous media did not seem to have a significant impact on the resistance factor. Time and amount of polymer injected is a critical factor: The buildup of thermo-thickening is delayed compared to the polymer front. For our tests with the weaker systems, we also observed a breakdown of the associative network at very low injection rates, possibly caused by the formation of intramolecular association.
Article highlights
Key findings from our tests of thermo-thickening associative polymer for enhance oil recovery operations:
At high temperature, the polymer solutions mobility in porous media is much lower than expected from viscosity
At low temperature, the flow behavior is like that of a traditional synthetic polymer
This will mean good injectivity and superior sweep, compared to a traditional polymer for enhanced oil recovery
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32
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Effect of the macromolecular architecture on the thermoresponsive behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in copolymers with poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) in aqueous solutions: Block vs random copolymers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Tanveer S, Chen CC. Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogel swelling in aqueous sodium chloride solutions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Nishimura SN, Nishida K, Ueda T, Shiomoto S, Tanaka M. Biocompatible poly( N-(ω-acryloyloxy- n-alkyl)-2-pyrrolidone)s with widely-tunable lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs): a promising alternative to poly( N-isopropylacrylamide). Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The biocompatible (co)polymers undergoes a thermal stimulus-driven liquid–liquid phase separation and form coacervates above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The LCSTs are able to be precisely controlled between 0 °C and 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-nosuke Nishimura
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kei Nishida
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ueda
- Gladuate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shohei Shiomoto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Gladuate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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35
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Haddow PJ, da Silva MA, Kaldybekov DB, Dreiss CA, Hoffman E, Hutter V, Khutoryanskiy VV, Kirton SB, Mahmoudi N, McAuley WJ, Cook MT. Polymer Architecture Effects on Poly(N,N-Diethyl Acrylamide)-b-Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-b-Poly(N,N-Diethyl Acrylamide) Thermoreversible Gels and Their Evaluation as a Healthcare Material. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100432. [PMID: 34859566 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermoreversible gels which transition between liquid-like and solid-like states when warmed have enabled significant novel healthcare technologies. Poly(N,N-diethyl acrylamide) (PDEA) is a thermoresponsive polymer which can be used as a trigger to form thermoreversible gels, however its use in these materials is limited and crucial design principles are unknown. Herein ABA copolymers with the structure PDEA-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-b-PDEA are synthesized to give four block copolymers with varied molecular weight of PDEA and PEG blocks. Rheometry on solutions of the block copolymers reveals that high molecular weight PEG blocks are required to form thermoreversible gels with predominantly solid-like behavior. Furthermore, small-angle X-ray scattering elucidates clear differences in the nanostructure of the copolymer library which can be linked to distinct rheological behaviors. A thermoreversible gel formulation based on PDEA (20 kDa)-b-PEG (10 kDa)-b-PDEA (20 kDa) is designed by optimizing the polymer concentration and ionic strength. It is found that the gel is mucoadhesive, stable, and non-toxic, as well as giving controlled release of a hydrophobic drug. Overall, this study provides insight into the effect of polymer architecture on the nanostructure and rheology of PDEA-b-PEG-b-PDEA and presents the development of a highly functional thermoreversible gel with high promise for healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Haddow
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Marcelo A da Silva
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Daulet B Kaldybekov
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6UR, UK.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Cecile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ewelina Hoffman
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Victoria Hutter
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6UR, UK.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Stewart B Kirton
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - William J McAuley
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Michael T Cook
- Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
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36
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Ohashi M, Tamura A, Yui N. Terminal Structure of Triethylene Glycol-Tethered Chains on β-Cyclodextrin-Threaded Polyrotaxanes Dominates Temperature Responsivity and Biointeractions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11102-11114. [PMID: 34478294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological and biomedical applications of cyclodextrin (CD)-threaded polyrotaxanes (PRXs) have gained increasing attention. We had previously investigated the therapeutic effects of oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG)-modified β-CD PRXs in congenital metabolic disorders. Although the chemical modification of PRXs is crucial for these applications, the influences of the chemical structure of OEG modified on PRXs were not completely understood. The current study focuses on the terminal group structures of triethylene glycol (TEG)-tethered chains, wherein three series of TEG-tethered PRXs (TEG-PRXs) with various TEG terminal group structures (hydroxy, methoxy, and ethoxy) were synthesized to investigate their physicochemical properties and biointeractions. The methoxy and ethoxy-terminated TEG-PRXs exhibited temperature-dependent phase transitions in phosphate buffer saline and formed coacervate droplets above their cloud points. A comprehensive analysis revealed that the hydrophobicity of the terminal group structures of the TEG-tethered chains played a dominant role in exhibiting temperature-dependent phase transition. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the terminal group structures of TEG-tethered chains on PRXs also affected the interactions with lipids and proteins, with the hydrophobic ethoxy-terminated TEG-tethered chains showing the highest interactions. However, in normal human skin fibroblasts, the moderately hydrophobic methoxy-terminated TEG-modified PRXs showed the highest intracellular uptake levels. As a result, we concluded that methoxy-terminated TEG is a suitable chemical modification for the biomedical applications of PRXs due to the negligible temperature responsivity around physiological temperature and significant intracellular uptake levels. The findings of this study shall contribute significantly to the rational design of PRXs and CD-based materials for future pharmacological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Ohashi
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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37
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Johnson L, Gray DM, Niezabitowska E, McDonald TO. Multi-stimuli-responsive aggregation of nanoparticles driven by the manipulation of colloidal stability. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7879-7896. [PMID: 33881098 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to control the dispersed or aggregated state of colloidal particles is particularly attractive for facilitating a diverse range of smart applications. For this reason, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles have garnered much attention in recent years. Colloidal systems that exhibit multi-stimuli-responsive behaviour are particularly interesting materials due to the greater spatial and temporal control they display in terms of dispersion/aggregation status; such behaviour can be exploited for implant formation, easy separation of a previously dispersed material or for the blocking of unwanted pores. This review will provide an overview of the recent publications regarding multi-stimuli-responsive microgels and hybrid core-shell nanoparticles. These polymer-based nanoparticles are highly sensitive to environmental conditions and can form aggregated clusters due to a loss of colloidal stability, triggered by temperature, pH and ionic strength stimuli. We aim to provide the reader with a discussion of the recent developments in this area, as well as an understanding of the fundamental concepts which underpin the responsive behaviour, and an exploration of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Dominic M Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Edyta Niezabitowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
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38
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Synthesis, self-assembly and thermoresponsive behavior of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-b-Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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39
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Yang XD, Chen W, Ren Y, Chu LY. Exploring the structural transition mechanisms of a pair of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) chains in aqueous solution through coarse-grained molecular simulations coupled with metadynamics. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1881086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Dan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yin Chu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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40
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Ye Z, Su H, Lian C, Hu J, Shang Y, Liu H. Molecular understanding of the LCST phase behaviour of P(MEO 2MA-b-OEGMA) block copolymers. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1869735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Otto S, Marina PF, Zhou F, Blencowe A. Thermoresponsive polysaccharides with tunable thermoresponsive properties via functionalisation with alkylamide groups. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 254:117280. [PMID: 33357856 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have been used widely in many industries, from food technology and mining to cosmetics and biomedical applications. Over recent years there has been growing interest in the development of responsive polysaccharides with unique and switchable properties, particularly systems that display lower-critical solution temperatures (LCSTs). Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate a novel strategy that would allow the conversion of non-responsive polysaccharides into thermoresponsive polysaccharides with tuneable LCSTs. Through the functionalisation of dextran with alkylamide groups (isopropyl amide, diethyl amide, piperidinyl and diisobutyl amide) using a carbodiimide coupling approach in conjunction with amic acid derivatives, we prepared a library of novel dextrans with various degrees of substitution (DS), which were characterised via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The alkylamide-functionalised dextrans were found to have good solubility in aqueous solutions, with the exception of those having a high DS of large hydrophobic substituents. Determination of the thermoresponsive characteristics of the polymer solutions via UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that the LCST of the alkylamide-functionalised dextrans was highly dependent on the type of alkylamide group and the DS and could be tuned over a large range (5-35 °C). Above the LCST, all of the thermoresponsive alkylamide-functionalised dextrans formed colloidal dispersions with particles sizes ranging from 400 -600 nm, as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). In addition, the polymers were found to exhibit a fast and reversible phase transition in solution with narrow hysteresis (∼ 1-5 °C). Finally, the injectability and biocompatibility of the novel thermoresponsive dextrans was confirmed in vivo via subcutaneous and intracranial ventricle injections, with no local or systemic toxicity noted over a 14 d period. Overall, the alkylamide-functionalised dextrans display interesting thermoresponsive properties and trends that may make them useful in biomedical applications, such as drug-delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Otto
- Applied Chemistry and Translational Biomaterials Group, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Paula Facal Marina
- Applied Chemistry and Translational Biomaterials Group, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Fiona Zhou
- Applied Chemistry and Translational Biomaterials Group, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- Applied Chemistry and Translational Biomaterials Group, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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42
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Jimenez J, Washington MA, Resnick JL, Nischal KK, Fedorchak MV. A sustained release cysteamine microsphere/thermoresponsive gel eyedrop for corneal cystinosis improves drug stability. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2224-2238. [PMID: 33543397 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00890-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cystinosis is a rare, metabolic, recessive genetic disease in which the intralysosomal accumulation of cystine leads to system wide organ and tissue damage. In the eye, cystine accumulates in the cornea as corneal cystine crystals and severely impacts vision. Corneal cystine crystals are treated with cysteamine eyedrops when administrated 6 to 12 times day and used within 1 week. The strict dosing regimen and poor stability are inconvenient and add to the burden of therapy. To reduce the dosing frequency and improve the stability, we present reformulation of cysteamine into a novel controlled release eyedrop. In this work, we characterize and evaluate a topical drug delivery system comprised of encapsulated cysteamine in polymer microspheres with a thermoresponsive gel carrier. Spray-dried encapsulation of cysteamine was performed. In vitro cysteamine release, stability, and ocular irritation and corneal permeation were evaluated. The data suggest that encapsulated cysteamine improves the stability to 7 weeks when compared with 1-week aqueous cysteamine eyedrops. Release studies from one drop of our system show that cysteamine release was present for 24 h and above the minimum cysteamine eyedrop amount (6 drops). Cysteamine from our system also resulted in negligible irritation and enhanced permeation when compared with traditional cysteamine eyedrops. In vivo studies were implemented to support ease of administration, tolerability, and retention for 24 h. These studies suggest that our controlled release delivery system may provide stable cysteamine from a safe, once daily gel eyedrop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Jimenez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Michael A Washington
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jayde L Resnick
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ken K Nischal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Morgan V Fedorchak
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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43
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Wu J, Zhai W, Gao X, Liu B, Zhang R, Yu Y. Preparation and self-assembly of thermosensitive triblock copolymers with N-isopropylacrylamide and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane as monomers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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44
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Bruce EE, Bui PT, Cao M, Cremer PS, van der Vegt NFA. Contact Ion Pairs in the Bulk Affect Anion Interactions with Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide). J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:680-688. [PMID: 33406822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c11076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Salt effects on the solubility of uncharged polymers in aqueous solutions are usually dominated by anions, while the role of the cation with which they are paired is often ignored. In this study, we examine the influence of three aqueous metal iodide salt solutions (LiI, NaI, and CsI) on the phase transition temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) by measuring the turbidity change of the solutions. Weakly hydrated anions, such as iodide, are known to interact with the polymer and thereby lead to salting-in behavior at low salt concentration followed by salting-out behavior at higher salt concentration. When varying the cation type, an unexpected salting-out trend is observed at higher salt concentrations, Cs+ > Na+ > Li+. Using molecular dynamics simulations, it is demonstrated that this originates from contact ion pair formation in the bulk solution, which introduces a competition for iodide ions between the polymer and cations. The weakly hydrated cation, Cs+, forms contact ion pairs with I- in the bulk solution, leading to depletion of CsI from the polymer-water interface. Microscopically, this is correlated with the repulsion of iodide ions from the amide moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E Bruce
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Pho T Bui
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mengrui Cao
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Paul S Cremer
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Nico F A van der Vegt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Li R, Cheng C, Wang Z, Gu X, Zhang C, Wang C, Liang X, Hu D. Conformational Stability of Poly (N-Isopropylacrylamide) Anchored on the Surface of Gold Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:443. [PMID: 33477518 PMCID: PMC7831095 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To verify the temperature sensitive failure of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) anchored on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the UV-Vis spectra with temperature variations of the following aqueous solutions respectively containing AuNPs-PNIPAM, Au-PNIPAM/PNIPAM, PNIPAM, in different media (including salt, ethanol, HCl and cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB)), were systematically determined. The results indicated that the UV-Vis spectrum of AuNPs-PNIPAM suspension hardly changed even above the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, but that of Au-PNIPAM/PNIPAM sharply increased only in absorbance intensity. A possible mechanism of the failed temperature sensitivity of PNIPAM anchored on the surface of AuNPs was proposed. Being different from free PNIPAM molecules, a strong interaction exists among PNIPAM molecules anchored on the surface of AuNPs, restraining the change in conformation of PNIPAM. The temperature sensitivity of Au-PNIPAM/PNIPAM originates from the free PNIPAM molecules rather than the anchored PNIPAM one. The changing electrostatic interaction could effectively regulate the aggregation behavior of AuNPs-PNIPAM and enhance its sensitivity to temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Cong Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhuorui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Xuefan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China;
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Chen Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Institute of Industrial Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi’an 710065, China;
| | - Daodao Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (R.L.); (C.C.); (Z.W.); (C.Z.); (C.W.)
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Otulakowski Ł, Kasprów M, Strzelecka A, Dworak A, Trzebicka B. Thermal Behaviour of Common Thermoresponsive Polymers in Phosphate Buffer and in Its Salt Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E90. [PMID: 33379398 PMCID: PMC7795651 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers are a promising material for drug nanocarrier preparation, which makes the study of their aggregation in physiological conditions very important. In this paper, the thermal behaviour of the thermoresponsive polymers poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline-co-2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) and poly[(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] were studied in phosphate buffer (PBS) and solutions of its salts in concentration as in PBS. The thermal response of the polymers was measured using UV-Vis and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The salts shifted the cloud point temperature (TCP) of the (co)polymers to higher values compared to the TCP of aqueous polymer solutions. In PBS and NaCl solutions, all polymers exhibited an unexpected and previously unreported transmittance profile. During heating, an additional aggregation of polymers appeared above the TCP accompanied by the formation of a precipitate. In monosodium phosphate solutions and pure water, the studied polymers showed lower critical solution temperature (LCST-type) behaviour. DLS measurements showed that a salt influenced the size of the resulting polymer particles. The sizes and stability of particles depended on the heating rate. In PBS and NaCl solutions, the size of particles in the dispersion decreased above 60 °C, and the precipitate appeared on the bottom of the cuvette. The additional aggregation of polymer and its falling out of solution may hinder the removal of carriers from the body and has to be taken into account when preparing nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (Ł.O.); (M.K.); (A.S.); (A.D.)
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Minier S, Kim HJ, Zaugg J, Mallapragada SK, Vaknin D, Wang W. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-grafted gold nanoparticles at the vapor/water interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:312-319. [PMID: 33307304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Grafting nanoparticles surfaces with water-soluble polymers modify interparticle interactions that are pivotal for assembling them into ordered phases. By manipulating salt concentrations of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are grafted with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM-AuNPs), we hypothesize that various aggregated phases form at the suspension/vapor interface or in the bulk that depend on the molecular weight (MW) of PNIPAM and on salt concentrations. EXPERIMENTS AuNPs are grafted with thiolated PNIPAM of molecular weights of 3 or 6 kDa, and grafting is confirmed by dynamic light scattering. Liquid-surfaces X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering are used to determine the density profiles of the suspension/vapor interface and their inplane structure as salt is added to the suspensions. FINDINGS We find that surface enrichment is induced by adding NaCl to the suspensions, and that at low salt concentrations, the monoparticle layer formed is dispersed, and above a threshold salt concentration, depending on MW of PNIPAM, the PNIPAM-AuNPs order in a hexagonal structure. We show that the lattice constant of the two-dimensional hexagonal structure varies with salt concentration, and more significantly with MW of PNIPAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Minier
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Hyeong Jin Kim
- Ames Laboratory, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Jonathan Zaugg
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Surya K Mallapragada
- Ames Laboratory, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - David Vaknin
- Ames Laboratory, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Carvalho WSP, Lee C, Zhang Y, Czarnecki A, Serpe MJ. Probing the response of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels to solutions of various salts using etalons. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:195-204. [PMID: 33279702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Hofmeister series is a qualitative ordering of ions according to their ability to precipitate proteins in aqueous solution and is extremely important to consider when trying to understand materials and biomolecular structure and function. Herein, we utilized optical devices (etalons) composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm)-co-10% acrylic acid (AAc) or pNIPAm-based microgels to investigate how various salts in the Hofmeister series influenced the microgel hydration state. Etalons were exposed to a series of salts solutions at different concentrations and the position of the peaks in the reflectance spectra monitored using reflectance spectroscopy. As expected, pNIPAm-co-10%AAc microgel-based etalons responded to the presence of ions, although in this case the response to cations deviated from the Hofmeister series. However, when using etalons prepared with pNIPAm-based microgels, the responses followed the Hofmeister series for both cation and anions. Finally, we observed that the sensitivity of etalons prepared with pNIPAm microgels was significantly higher than the response obtained from etalons composed of pNIPAm-co-10%AAc microgels. This was explained by considering the charge on the pNIPAm-co-10%AAc microgels that influences how osmotic and Hofmeister effects impacts hydration state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cayo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Adam Czarnecki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Serpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Comparison based on statistical thermodynamics between globule-to-coil transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and cold denaturation of a protein. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Quoika PK, Podewitz M, Wang Y, Kamenik AS, Loeffler JR, Liedl KR. Thermosensitive Hydration of Four Acrylamide-Based Polymers in Coil and Globule Conformations. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9745-9756. [PMID: 33054215 PMCID: PMC7604866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
To
characterize the thermosensitive coil–globule transition in
atomistic detail, the conformational dynamics of linear polymer chains
of acrylamide-based polymers have been investigated at multiple temperatures.
Therefore, molecular dynamic simulations of 30mers of polyacrylamide
(AAm), poly-N-methylacrylamide (NMAAm), poly-N-ethylacrylamide (NEAAm), and poly-N-isopropylacrylamide
(NIPAAm) have been performed at temperatures ranging from 250 to 360
K for 2 μs. While two of the polymers are known to exhibit thermosensitivity
(NEAAm, NIPAAm), no thermosensitivity is observed for AAm and NMAAm
in aqueous solution. Our computer simulations consistently reproduce
these properties. To understand the thermosensitivity of the respective
polymers, the conformational ensembles at different temperatures have
been separated according to the coil–globule transition. The
coil and globule conformational ensembles were exhaustively analyzed
in terms of hydrogen bonding with the solvent, the change of the solvent
accessible surface, and enthalpic contributions. Surprisingly, independent
of different thermosensitive properties of the four polymers, the
surface affinity to water of coil conformations is higher than for
globule conformations. Therefore, polymer–solvent interactions
stabilize coil conformations at all temperatures. Nevertheless, the
enthalpic contributions alone cannot explain the differences in thermosensitivity.
This clearly implies that entropy is the distinctive factor for thermosensitivity.
With increasing side chain length, the lifetime of the hydrogen bonds
between the polymer surface and water is extended. Thus, we surmise
that a longer side chain induces a larger entropic penalty due to
immobilization of water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick K Quoika
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
| | - Anna S Kamenik
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
| | - Johannes R Loeffler
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
| | - Klaus R Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria
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