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Majeed A, Akhtar M, Khan M, Ijaz M, Hussain P, Maqbool T, Hanan H. Hemocompatible and biocompatible hybrid nanocarriers for enhanced oral bioavailability of paclitaxel: in vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 242:114073. [PMID: 39018915 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Oral administration of BCS class IV anticancer agents has always remained challenging and frequently results in poor oral bioavailability. The goal of the current study was to develop hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) employing cholesterol and poloxamer-407 to boost paclitaxel's (PTX) oral bioavailability. A series of HNPs with different cholesterol and poloxamer-407 ratios were developed utilizing a single-step nanoprecipitation technique. The PTX loaded HNPs were characterized systematically via particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, surface morphology, in vitro drug release, FTIR, DSC, XRD, acute oral toxicity analysis, hemolysis evaluation, accelerated stability studies, and in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis. The HNPs were found within the range of 106.6±55.60 - 244.5±88.24 nm diameter with the polydispersity index ranging from 0.20±0.03 - 0.51±0.11. SEM confirmed circular, nonporous, and smooth surfaces of HNPs. PTX loaded HNPs exhibited controlled release profile. The compatibility between the components of formulation, thermal stability, and amorphous nature of HNPs were confirmed by FTIR, DSC, and XRD, respectively. Acute oral toxicity analysis revealed that developed system have no deleterious effects on the animals' cellular structures. HNPs demonstrated notable cytotoxic effects and were hemocompatible at relatively higher concentrations. In vivo pharmacokinetic profile (AUC0-∞, AUMC0-∞, t1/2, and MRT0-∞) of the PTX loaded HNPs was improved as compared to pure PTX. It is concluded from our findings that the developed HNPs are hemocompatible, biocompatible and have significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Majeed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Mehran Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Pakeeza Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hanasul Hanan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
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2
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Smith AC, Plazola M, Hudson PS, Tapavicza E. Membrane Stabilization of Helical Previtamin D Conformers as Possible Enhancement of Vitamin D Photoproduction. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39240094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c03835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced vitamin D formation occurs 10-15-fold faster in phospholipid bilayers (PLB) than in isotropic solution. It has been hypothesized that amphipatic interactions of the PLB with the rotationally flexible previtamin D (Pre) stabilize its helical conformers, enhancing thermal intramolecular [1,7]-hydrogen transfer, forming vitamin D. To test this hypothesis, we carried out molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Pre in a PLB composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). We designed a classical force field capable of accurately describing the equilibrium composition of Pre conformers. Using adaptive biasing force MD simulations, we determined the free energy of Pre conformers in isotropic environments (hexane and gas-phase) and in the anisotropic environment of a DPPC PLB. We find a total increase of 25.5% of the population of both helical conformers (+20.5% g+Zg+ and +5% g-Zg-) in DPPC compared to hexane. In view of ab initio simulations, showing that hydrogen transfer occurs in both helical conformers, our study strongly suggests the validity of the initial hypothesis. Regarding the amphipatic interactions of Pre with the PLB, we find that, similar to cholesterol (Chol) and 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), Pre entertains hydrogen bonds mainly to the carbonyl groups of DPPC and, to a lesser extent, with phosphate oxygen atoms and rarely to water molecules at the interface. We further report order parameters of the Pre/DPPC system, which are slightly smaller than those for Chol/DPPC and 7-DHC/DPPC, but larger than for pure DPPC. This indicates a loss in membrane viscosity upon photochemical ring-opening of 7-DHC to form Pre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Matthew Plazola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Phillip S Hudson
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 12 South Drive, Rm 3053, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5690, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - Enrico Tapavicza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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3
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Mitsuta Y, Asada T. Parameter Optimization Method in Multidimensional Umbrella Sampling. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39101750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Umbrella sampling (US) is an effective method for calculating free-energy landscapes (FELs). However, the complexity of controlling the sampling positions complicates multidimensional FEL calculations. In this study, we proposed a method for controlling sampling by optimizing the US parameters. This method comprises the introduction of a target point and the optimization of the parameters to sample a window around this point. We approximated each window to normal distributions using an umbrella integration method and calculated the divergences between the window distributions and the state distributed at the target position by a variationally enhanced sampling method. Thus, the minimization of the divergence facilitated sampling around the target point, after which the parameters could be optimized on the fly while performing equilibration simulation. In practice, our method employs bias potentials with off-diagonal terms, ensuring a more efficient calculation of multidimensional FEL. Additionally, we developed an algorithm for determining the target point for automated FEL search; the algorithm samples in a specified direction while controlling the overlap of distributions. We performed three different FEL calculations as examples: (1) the calculation of the permeation of a water molecule through a lipid bilayer (one-dimensional FEL), (2) the calculation of the internal structural changes in alanine dipeptide in water (two-dimensional FEL), and (3) the calculation of the internal structural changes from a β-strand structure to an α-helix structure in alanine decapeptide (Ala10, 16-dimensional FEL). These results confirmed that our method could control the number of US windows and calculate the high-dimensional FELs that could not be evaluated by the conventional US method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mitsuta
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- RIMED, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Toshio Asada
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- RIMED, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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4
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Pires CL, Moreno MJ. Improving the Accuracy of Permeability Data to Gain Predictive Power: Assessing Sources of Variability in Assays Using Cell Monolayers. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:157. [PMID: 39057665 PMCID: PMC11278619 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14070157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The ability to predict the rate of permeation of new compounds across biological membranes is of high importance for their success as drugs, as it determines their efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile. In vitro permeability assays using Caco-2 monolayers are commonly employed to assess permeability across the intestinal epithelium, with an extensive number of apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values available in the literature and a significant fraction collected in databases. The compilation of these Papp values for large datasets allows for the application of artificial intelligence tools for establishing quantitative structure-permeability relationships (QSPRs) to predict the permeability of new compounds from their structural properties. One of the main challenges that hinders the development of accurate predictions is the existence of multiple Papp values for the same compound, mostly caused by differences in the experimental protocols employed. This review addresses the magnitude of the variability within and between laboratories to interpret its impact on QSPR modelling, systematically and quantitatively assessing the most common sources of variability. This review emphasizes the importance of compiling consistent Papp data and suggests strategies that may be used to obtain such data, contributing to the establishment of robust QSPRs with enhanced predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana L. Pires
- Coimbra Chemistry Center—Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS), University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Moreno
- Coimbra Chemistry Center—Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS), University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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5
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Shikata K, Kasahara K, Watanabe NM, Umakoshi H, Kim K, Matubayasi N. Influence of cholesterol on hydrogen-bond dynamics of water molecules in lipid-bilayer systems at varying temperatures. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:015102. [PMID: 38958163 DOI: 10.1063/5.0208008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (Chol) plays a crucial role in shaping the intricate physicochemical attributes of biomembranes, exerting a considerable influence on water molecules proximal to the membrane interface. In this study, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations on the bilayers of two lipid species, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyl sphingomyelin; they are distinct with respect to the structures of the hydrogen-bond (H-bond) acceptors. Our investigation focuses on the dynamic properties and H-bonds of water molecules in the lipid-membrane systems, with a particular emphasis on the influence of Chol at varying temperatures. Notably, in the gel phase at 303 K, the presence of Chol extends the lifetimes of H-bonds of the oxygen atoms acting as H-bond acceptors within DPPC with water molecules by a factor of 1.5-2.5. In the liquid-crystalline phase at 323 K, on the other hand, H-bonding dynamics with lipid membranes remain largely unaffected by Chol. This observed shift in H-bonding states serves as a crucial key to unraveling the subtle control mechanisms governing water dynamics in lipid-membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kokoro Shikata
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kento Kasahara
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nozomi Morishita Watanabe
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kang Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Matubayasi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Domingues TS, Coifman R, Haji-Akbari A. Estimating Position-Dependent and Anisotropic Diffusivity Tensors from Molecular Dynamics Trajectories: Existing Methods and Future Outlook. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4427-4455. [PMID: 38815171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Confinement can substantially alter the physicochemical properties of materials by breaking translational isotropy and rendering all physical properties position-dependent. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have proven instrumental in characterizing such spatial heterogeneities and probing the impact of confinement on materials' properties. For static properties, this is a straightforward task and can be achieved via simple spatial binning. Such an approach, however, cannot be readily applied to transport coefficients due to lack of natural extensions of autocorrelations used for their calculation in the bulk. The prime example of this challenge is diffusivity, which, in the bulk, can be readily estimated from the particles' mobility statistics, which satisfy the Fokker-Planck equation. Under confinement, however, such statistics will follow the Smoluchowski equation, which lacks a closed-form analytical solution. This brief review explores the rich history of estimating profiles of the diffusivity tensor from MD simulations and discusses various approximate methods and algorithms developed for this purpose. Besides discussing heuristic extensions of bulk methods, we overview more rigorous algorithms, including kernel-based methods, Bayesian approaches, and operator discretization techniques. Additionally, we outline methods based on applying biasing potentials or imposing constraints on tracer particles. Finally, we discuss approaches that estimate diffusivity from mean first passage time or committor probability profiles, a conceptual framework originally developed in the context of collective variable spaces describing rare events in computational chemistry and biology. In summary, this paper offers a concise survey of diverse approaches for estimating diffusivity from MD trajectories, highlighting challenges and opportunities in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Domingues
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ronald Coifman
- Department of Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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7
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Soto-Arriaza M, Cena Ahumada E, Bonardd S, Melendez J. Calcein release from DPPC liposomes by phospholipase A2 activity: Effect of cholesterol and amphipathic copolymers. J Liposome Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38850012 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2361610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of incorporating diblock and triblock amphiphilic copolymers, as well as cholesterol into DPPC liposomes on the release of a model molecule, calcein, mediated by exogenous phospholipase A2 activity. Our findings show that calcein release slows down in the presence of copolymers at low concentration, while at high concentration, the calcein release profile resembles that of the DPPC control. Additionally, calcein release mediated by exogenous PLA2 decreases as the amount of solubilized cholesterol increases, with a maximum between 18 mol% and 20 mol%. At concentrations higher than 24 mol%, no calcein release was observed. Studies conducted on HEK-293 and HeLa cells revealed that DPPC liposomes reduced viability by only 5% and 12%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation, while DPPC liposome in presence of 33 mol% of Cholesterol reduced viability by approximately 11% and 23%, respectively, during the same incubation period. For formulations containing copolymers at low and high concentrations, cell viability decreased by approximately 20% and 40%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation. Based on these preliminary results, we can conclude that the presence of amphiphilic copolymers at low concentration can be used in the design of new DPPC liposomes, and together with cholesterol, they can modulate liposome stabilization. The new formulations showed low cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells, and it was observed that calcein release depended entirely on PLA2 activity and the presence of calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Soto-Arriaza
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Cena Ahumada
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastián Bonardd
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Donostia-San Sebastían, Spain
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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8
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Kashnik AS, Baranov DS, Dzuba SA. Spatial Arrangement of the Drug Ibuprofen in a Model Membrane in the Presence of Lipid Rafts. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3652-3661. [PMID: 38576273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Many pharmaceutical drugs are known to interact with lipid membranes through nonspecific molecular interactions, which affect their therapeutic effect. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and one of the most commonly prescribed. In the presence of cholesterol, lipid bilayers can separate into nanoscale liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered structures, the latter known as lipid rafts. Here, we study spin-labeled ibuprofen (ibuprofen-SL) in the model membrane consisting of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), and cholesterol in the molar ratio of (0.5-0.5xchol)/(0.5-0.5xchol)/xchol. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is employed, along with its pulsed version of double electron-electron resonance (DEER, also known as PELDOR). The data obtained indicate lateral lipid-mediated clustering of ibuprofen-SL molecules with a local surface density noticeably larger than that expected for random lateral distribution. In the absence of cholesterol, the data can be interpreted as indicating alternating clustering in two opposing leaflets of the bilayer. In the presence of cholesterol, for xchol ≥ 20 mol %, the results show that ibuprofen-SL molecules have a quasi-regular lateral distribution, with a "superlattice" parameter of ∼3.0 nm. This regularity can be explained by the entrapment of ibuprofen-SL molecules by lipid rafts known to exist in this system with the additional assumption that lipid rafts have a nanoscale substructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Kashnik
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Denis S Baranov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Sergei A Dzuba
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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9
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Farooq U, O'Reilly NJ, Ahmed Z, Gasco P, Raghu Raj Singh T, Behl G, Fitzhenry L, McLoughlin P. Design of liposomal nanocarriers with a potential for combined dexamethasone and bevacizumab delivery to the eye. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123958. [PMID: 38442797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Clinicians face numerous challenges when delivering medications to the eyes topically because of physiological barriers, that can inhibit the complete dose from getting to the intended location. Due to their small size, the ability to deliver drugs of different polarities simultaneously, and their biocompatibility, liposomes hold great promise for ocular drug delivery. This study aimed to develop and characterise a dual loaded liposome formulation encapsulating Bevacizumab (BEV) and Dexamethasone (DEX) that possessed the physicochemical attributes suitable for topical ocular delivery. Liposomes were prepared by using thin film hydration followed by extrusion, and the formulations were optimised using a design of experiments approach. Physicochemical characterisation along with cytocompatibility and bioactivity of the formulations were assessed. Liposomes were successfully prepared with a particle size of 139 ± 2 nm, PDI 0.03 ± 0.01 and zeta potential -2 ± 0.7 mV for the optimised formulation. BEV and DEX were successfully encapsulated into the liposomes with an encapsulation efficiency of 97 ± 0.5 % and 26 ± 0.5 %, respectively. A sustained release of BEV was observed from the liposomes and the bioactivity of the formulation was confirmed using a wound healing assay. In summary, a potential topical eye drop drug delivery system, which can co-load DEX and BEV was developed and characterised for its potential to be used in ocular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Farooq
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford City, Co. Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland
| | - Niall J O'Reilly
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford City, Co. Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Ireland
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paolo Gasco
- Nanovector srl, Via Livorno, 60 Turin, Italy
| | - Thakur Raghu Raj Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Gautam Behl
- Eirgen Pharma Limited, Westside Business Park, Old, Kilmeaden Road Co. Waterford X91 YV67, Ireland
| | - Laurence Fitzhenry
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford City, Co. Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Peter McLoughlin
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford City, Co. Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Ireland.
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10
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Ritwiset A, Maensiri S, Krongsuk S. Insight into molecular structures and dynamical properties of niosome bilayers containing melatonin molecules: a molecular dynamics simulation approach. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1697-1709. [PMID: 38187447 PMCID: PMC10768803 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07564h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Niosomes represent vesicular carriers capable of encapsulating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs within their inner core or bilayer shell. They are typically composed of non-ionic synthetic surfactants such as sorbitan monostearate (Span60) with the addition of cholesterol (Chol). The physical properties and stability of niosomal vesicles strongly depend on the composition of their bilayers, which plays a significant role in determining the efficiency of drug encapsulation and release in drug delivery systems. In this study, we have explored the interactions between melatonin (Mel) molecules and the niosome bilayer, as well as their resulting physical properties. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate melatonin-inserted niosome bilayers, both with and without the inclusion of cholesterol. The simulation results revealed that cholesterol notably influences the location of melatonin molecules within the niosome bilayers. In the absence of cholesterol, melatonin tends to occupy the region around the Span60 tail groups. However, in the presence of cholesterol, melatonin is found in the vicinity of the Span60 head groups. Melatonin molecules in niosome bilayers without cholesterol exhibit a more ordered orientation when compared to those in bilayers containing 50 mol% cholesterol. The bilayer structure of the Span60/Mel and Span60/Chol/Mel systems exhibited a liquid-disordered phase (Ld). In contrast, the Span60/Chol bilayer system displays a liquid-ordered phase (Lo) with less fluidity. This study reveals that melatonin induces a disorderly bilayer structure and greater lateral expansion, whereas cholesterol induces an orderly bilayer structure and a more condensed effect. Cholesterol plays a crucial role in condensing the bilayer structure with stronger interactions between Span60 and cholesterol. The addition of 50 mol% cholesterol in the Span60 bilayers not only enhances the stability and rigidity of niosomes but also facilitates the easier release of melatonin from the bilayer membranes. This finding is particularly valuable in the context of preparing niosomes for drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksornnarong Ritwiset
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand
| | - Santi Maensiri
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand
| | - Sriprajak Krongsuk
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
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11
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Cao Z, Zhao L, Chen M, Shi Z, Liu L. Molecular mechanism of calcitriol enhances membrane water permeability. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159430. [PMID: 37979445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) exhibits a unique membrane lipid composition, including dimyristoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) and cholesterol, unlike other Gram-negative bacteria. Calcitriol has antimicrobial activity against H. pylori, but cholesterol enhances antibiotics resistance in H. pylori. This study explored the changes in membrane structure and the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol/calcitriol translocation using well-tempered metadynamics (WT-MetaD) simulations and microsecond conventional molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations. Calcitriol facilitated water transport across the membrane, while cholesterol had the opposite effect. The differing effects might result from the tail 25-hydroxyl group and a wider range of orientations of calcitriol in the DMPE/dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) (3:1) membrane. Calcitriol moves across the bilayer center without changing its orientation along the membrane Z-axis, becomes parallel to the membrane surface at the membrane-water interface, and then rotates approximately 90° in this interface. The translocation mechanism of calcitriol is quite different from the flip-flop of cholesterol. Moreover, calcitriol crossed from one layer to another more easily than cholesterol, causing successive perturbations to the hydrophobic core and increasing water permeation. These results improve our understanding of the relationship between cholesterol/calcitriol concentrations and the lipid bilayer structure and the role of lipid composition in water permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanxia Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China.
| | - Liling Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Mingcui Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Zhihong Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China.
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Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a critical component of lung function in healthy individuals. It functions in part by lowering surface tension in the alveoli, thereby allowing for breathing with minimal effort. The prevailing thinking is that low surface tension is attained by a compression-driven squeeze-out of unsaturated phospholipids during exhalation, forming a film enriched in saturated phospholipids that achieves surface tensions close to zero. A thorough review of past and recent literature suggests that the compression-driven squeeze-out mechanism may be erroneous. Here, we posit that a surfactant film enriched in saturated lipids is formed shortly after birth by an adsorption-driven sorting process and that its composition does not change during normal breathing. We provide biophysical evidence for the rapid formation of an enriched film at high surfactant concentrations, facilitated by adsorption structures containing hydrophobic surfactant proteins. We examine biophysical evidence for and against the compression-driven squeeze-out mechanism and propose a new model for surfactant function. The proposed model is tested against existing physiological and pathophysiological evidence in neonatal and adult lungs, leading to ideas for biophysical research, that should be addressed to establish the physiological relevance of this new perspective on the function of the mighty thin film that surfactant provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Possmayer
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Yi Y Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manon, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96826, United States
| | - Ruud A W Veldhuizen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Nils O Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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13
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Pande S. Liposomes for drug delivery: review of vesicular composition, factors affecting drug release and drug loading in liposomes. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 51:428-440. [PMID: 37594208 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2023.2247036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are considered among the most versatile and advanced nanoparticle delivery systems used to target drugs to specific cells and tissues. Structurally, liposomes are sphere-like vesicles of phospholipid molecules that are surrounded by equal number of aqueous compartments. The spherical shell encapsulates an aqueous interior which contains substances such as peptides and proteins, hormones, enzymes, antibiotics, antifungal and anticancer agents. This structural property of liposomes makes it an important nano-carrier for drug delivery. Extrusion is one of the most frequently used technique for preparing monodisperse uni-lamellar liposomes as the technique is used to control vesicle size. The process involves passage of lipid suspension through polycarbonate membrane with a fixed pore size to produce vesicles with a diameter near the pore size of the membrane used in preparing them. An advantage of this technique is that there is no need to remove the organic solvent or detergent from the final preparation. This review focuses on composition of liposome formulation with special emphasis on factors affecting drug release and drug-loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Pande
- Drug Product Technical Services, Wave Life Sciences, Lexington, MA, USA
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14
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Gangurde P, Mahmoudzadeh M, Gounani Z, Koivuniemi A, Laurén P, Lajunen T, Laaksonen T. Development of Robust Cationic Light-Activated Thermosensitive Liposomes: Choosing the Right Lipids. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5728-5738. [PMID: 37874965 PMCID: PMC10630945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on cationic light-activated thermosensitive liposomes (CLTSLs) as a means for site-specific and controlled drug release; however, less attention has been given to the stability of these nanoparticles. Selecting the appropriate lipids is crucial for the development of a stable and responsive system. In this study, we investigated the impact of various lipids on the physical properties of cationic light-activated liposomes. Incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) PEG molecules resulted in uniform liposomes with low polydispersity index, while the addition of unsaturated lipid (DOTAP) resulted in extremely leaky liposomes, with almost 80% release in just 10 min of incubation at body temperature. Conversely, the inclusion of cholesterol in the formulation increased liposome stability too much and decreased their sensitivity to stimuli-responsive release, with only 14% release after 2 min of light exposure. To achieve stable and functional CLTSL, we substituted an equivalent amount of unsaturated lipid with a saturated lipid (DPTAP), resulting in stable liposomes at body temperature that were highly responsive to light, releasing 90% of their content in 10 s of light exposure. We also conducted two atomistic molecular dynamics simulations using lipid compositions with saturated and unsaturated lipids to investigate the effect of lipid composition on the dynamical properties of the liposomal lipid bilayer. Our findings suggest that the nature of lipids used to prepare liposomes significantly affects their properties, especially when the drug loading needs to be stable but triggered drug release properties are required at the same time. Selecting the appropriate lipids in the right amount is therefore essential for the preparation of liposomes with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Gangurde
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zahra Gounani
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Artturi Koivuniemi
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick Laurén
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere
University, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
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15
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Santos TCB, Futerman AH. The fats of the matter: Lipids in prebiotic chemistry and in origin of life studies. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 92:101253. [PMID: 37659458 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The unique biophysical and biochemical properties of lipids render them crucial in most models of the origin of life (OoL). Many studies have attempted to delineate the prebiotic pathways by which lipids were formed, how micelles and vesicles were generated, and how these micelles and vesicles became selectively permeable towards the chemical precursors required to initiate and support biochemistry and inheritance. Our analysis of a number of such studies highlights the extremely narrow and limited range of conditions by which an experiment is considered to have successfully modeled a role for lipids in an OoL experiment. This is in line with a recent proposal that bias is introduced into OoL studies by the extent and the kind of human intervention. It is self-evident that OoL studies can only be performed by human intervention, and we now discuss the possibility that some assumptions and simplifications inherent in such experimental approaches do not permit determination of mechanistic insight into the roles of lipids in the OoL. With these limitations in mind, we suggest that more nuanced experimental approaches than those currently pursued may be required to elucidate the generation and function of lipids, micelles and vesicles in the OoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C B Santos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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16
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Shigematsu T, Koshiyama K. Changes in free energy barrier for water permeation by stretch-induced phase transitions in phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37656194 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2250447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Water permeation through phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers is the key to understanding tension-induced rupture of biological cell membranes. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of stretched phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers to investigate changes in the free energy profile of water molecules across the bilayer and the lipid structure responsible for water permeation. We modeled stretching of the bilayer by applying areal strain. In stretched phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers, the hydrophobic tail of the phospholipids became disordered and the free energy barrier to water permeation decreased. Upon exceeding the critical areal strain, a phase transition to an interdigitated gel phase occurred before rupture, and the hydrophobic tail ordering as well as the free energy barrier were restored. In pure phospholipid bilayers, we did not observe such recoveries. These transient recoveries in the phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer suppressed water permeation and membrane rupture, followed by an increase in the critical areal strain at which the bilayer ruptured. This result agrees with experimental results and provides a reasonable molecular mechanism for the toughness of phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers under tension.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Shigematsu
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Koshiyama
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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17
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Hayashi K, Ota H, Sugimura H, Shimanouchi T, Iwasaki T, Fujita S, Nakamura H, Umakoshi H. Cholesterol as a Subsidiary Component of Sorbitan Surfactant-Based Aggregates: A Study of Formation, Hydrophobicity, and Estimation of Localization of Embedded Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2214-2223. [PMID: 36881848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Aggregates of amphiphilic molecules can be used as drug carriers, for which the properties can be modified by mixing with other molecules such as cholesterol. It is important to understand the effects of such additives on the properties because they directly define the material functions. In this work, we investigated the effect of cholesterol on the formation and hydrophobicity of aggregates of sorbitan surfactants. As cholesterol changed its formation from micelles to vesicles, an increase in hydrophobicity was seen, particularly in the middle regions compared with the shallow and deep regions. We show that this gradual hydrophobicity is related to the localization of the embedded molecules. 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO and 4-carboxy-TEMPO were preferentially localized in the shallow region of the aggregates, whereas 4-PhCO2-TEMPO was preferentially localized in the deep region of the vesicle. The localization of molecules depends on their chemical structure. However, the localization of 4-PhCO2-TEMPO in micelles was not observed, despite the similar hydrophobicity in the hydrophobic region within the aggregates. The localization of embedded molecules was related to other properties, such as molecular mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ota
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan
| | - Haruna Sugimura
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan
| | - Toshinori Shimanouchi
- Division of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwasaki
- Division of Medical Research Support, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Sakiko Fujita
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hidemi Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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18
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Baek JM, Jung WH, Yu ES, Ahn DJ, Ryu YS. In Vitro Membrane Platform for the Visualization of Water Impermeability across the Liquid-Ordered Phase under Hypertonic Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21887-21896. [PMID: 36367984 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Passive water penetration across the cell membrane by osmotic diffusion is essential for the homeostasis of cell volume, in addition to the protein-assisted active transportation of water. Since membrane components can regulate water permeability, controlling compositional variation during the volume regulatory process is a prerequisite for investigating the underlying mechanisms of water permeation and related membrane dynamics. However, the lack of a viable in vitro membrane platform in hypertonic solutions impedes advanced knowledge of cell volume regulation processes, especially cholesterol-enriched lipid domains called lipid rafts. By reconstituting the liquid-ordered (Lo) domain as a likeness of lipid rafts, we verified suppressed water permeation across the Lo domains, which had yet to be confirmed with experimental demonstrations despite a simulation approach. With the help of direct transfer of the Lo domains from vesicles to supported lipid membranes, the biological roles of lipid composition in suppressed water translocation were experimentally confirmed. Additionally, the improvement in membrane stability under hypertonic conditions was demonstrated based on molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Baek
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyuk Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Sang Yu
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong June Ahn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sang Ryu
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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19
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Panahi M, Rad VF, Sasan S, Jamali R, Moradi AR, Darudi A. Detection of intralayer alignment in multicomponent lipids by dynamic speckle pattern analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200034. [PMID: 35460181 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent mixtures of bilayer lipids, thanks to the coexistence of liquid-crystalline phases in their structures, may be used in the development of functional membranes. In such membranes interlayer ordering distributes across membrane lamellae, resulting in long-range alignment of phase-separated domains. In this paper, we explore the dynamics of this phenomenon by laser speckle pattern analysis. We show that cholesterol content decreases the activity, and the rate of the domains size development is related to the change of physical roughness of the multicomponent lipid mixture. Our results are in agreement with the previous experimental reports. However, our experimental procedure is an easy-to-implement and effective methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Panahi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Farzam Rad
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shiva Sasan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ramin Jamali
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali-Reza Moradi
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
- School of Nano Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Darudi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
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20
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Xiao X, Wu X, Yu Z, He J. Incorporation of the Sterol from Camellia Oil Deodorant Distillate into vitamin C Liposomes: Vesicle Characteristics, Stability, Release, and Bioavailability. FOOD BIOPHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-022-09743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Biocompatible and optically stable hydrophobic fluorescent carbon dots for isolation and imaging of lipid rafts in model membrane. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6055-6067. [PMID: 35697813 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Lateral heterogeneity in cell membranes features a variety of compositions that influence their inherent properties. One such biophysical variation is the formation of a membrane or lipid raft, which plays important roles in many cellular processes. The lipid rafts on the cell membrane are mostly identified by specific dyes and heavy metal quantum dots, which have their own drawbacks, such as cytotoxicity, photostability, and incompatibility. To this end, we synthesized special, hydrophobic, fluorescent, photostable, and non-cytotoxic carbon dots (CDs) by solvent-free thermal treatment using non-cytotoxic materials and incorporated into the lipid bilayers of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) made from 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipids. A 2:2:1 mixture of DOPC, DPPC, and cholesterol (Chol) develops lipid rafts on the membrane by phase separation. The photophysical properties of the CDs get modulated on incorporation into the lipid rafts that identifies the membrane heterogeneity. The main attempt in this work is to develop a new, simple, cost-effective, and bio-friendly lipid raft marker, which can be used in biological applications, alongside other conventional raft markers, with more advantages.
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22
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Nguyen HL, Linh HQ, Krupa P, La Penna G, Li MS. Amyloid β Dodecamer Disrupts the Neuronal Membrane More Strongly than the Mature Fibril: Understanding the Role of Oligomers in Neurotoxicity. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3659-3672. [PMID: 35580354 PMCID: PMC9150093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The amyloid cascade
hypothesis states that senile plaques, composed
of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils, play a key role in Alzheimer’s
disease (AD). However, recent experiments have shown that Aβ
oligomers are more toxic to neurons than highly ordered fibrils. The
molecular mechanism underlying this observation remains largely unknown.
One of the possible scenarios for neurotoxicity is that Aβ peptides
create pores in the lipid membrane that allow Ca2+ ions
to enter cells, resulting in a signal of cell apoptosis. Hence, one
might think that oligomers are more toxic due to their higher ability
to create ion channels than fibrils. In this work, we study the effect
of Aβ42 dodecamer and fibrils on a neuronal membrane, which
is similar to that observed in AD patients, using all-atom molecular
dynamics simulations. Due to short simulation times, we cannot observe
the formation of pores, but useful insight on the early events of
this process has been obtained. Namely, we showed that dodecamer distorts
the lipid membrane to a greater extent than fibrils, which may indicate
that ion channels can be more easily formed in the presence of oligomers.
Based on this result, we anticipate that oligomers are more toxic
than mature fibrils, as observed experimentally. Moreover, the Aβ–membrane
interaction was found to be governed by the repulsive electrostatic
interaction between Aβ and the ganglioside GM1 lipid. We calculated
the bending and compressibility modulus of the membrane in the absence
of Aβ and obtained good agreement with the experiment. We predict
that the dodecamer will increase the compressibility modulus but has
little effect on the bending modulus. Due to the weak interaction
with the membrane, fibrils insignificantly change the membrane elastic
properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Linh Nguyen
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 729110, Vietnam.,Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 71300, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Quang Linh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 71300, Vietnam
| | - Pawel Krupa
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
| | - Giovanni La Penna
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Florence 50019, Italy.,National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Roma-Tor Vergata, Rome 00815, Italy
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
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23
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Study of cholesterol phase effect on the dynamics of DOPC and DPPC small vesicle membranes using single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Róg T, Girych M, Bunker A. Mechanistic Understanding from Molecular Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Research 2: Lipid Membrane in Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1062. [PMID: 34681286 PMCID: PMC8537670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation as a drug design tool in the context of the role that the lipid membrane can play in drug action, i.e., the interaction between candidate drug molecules and lipid membranes. In the standard "lock and key" paradigm, only the interaction between the drug and a specific active site of a specific protein is considered; the environment in which the drug acts is, from a biophysical perspective, far more complex than this. The possible mechanisms though which a drug can be designed to tinker with physiological processes are significantly broader than merely fitting to a single active site of a single protein. In this paper, we focus on the role of the lipid membrane, arguably the most important element outside the proteins themselves, as a case study. We discuss work that has been carried out, using MD simulation, concerning the transfection of drugs through membranes that act as biological barriers in the path of the drugs, the behavior of drug molecules within membranes, how their collective behavior can affect the structure and properties of the membrane and, finally, the role lipid membranes, to which the vast majority of drug target proteins are associated, can play in mediating the interaction between drug and target protein. This review paper is the second in a two-part series covering MD simulation as a tool in pharmaceutical research; both are designed as pedagogical review papers aimed at both pharmaceutical scientists interested in exploring how the tool of MD simulation can be applied to their research and computational scientists interested in exploring the possibility of a pharmaceutical context for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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25
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Siani P, Donadoni E, Ferraro L, Re F, Di Valentin C. Molecular dynamics simulations of doxorubicin in sphingomyelin-based lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1864:183763. [PMID: 34506799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most efficient antitumor drugs employed in numerous cancer therapies. Its incorporation into lipid-based nanocarriers, such as liposomes, improves the drug targeting into tumor cells and reduces drug side effects. The carriers' lipid composition is expected to affect the interactions of DOX and its partitioning into liposomal membranes. To get a rational insight into this aspect and determine promising lipid compositions, we use numerical simulations, which provide unique information on DOX-membrane interactions at the atomic level of resolution. In particular, we combine classical molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations to elucidate the mechanism of penetration of a protonated Doxorubicin molecule (DOX+) into potential liposome membranes, here modeled as lipid bilayers based on mixtures of phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol lipid molecules, of different compositions and lipid phases. Moreover, we analyze DOX+ partitioning into relevant regions of SM-based lipid bilayer systems using a combination of free energy methods. Our results show that DOX+ penetration and partitioning are facilitated into less tightly packed SM-based membranes and are dependent on lipid composition. This work paves the way to further investigations of optimal formulations for lipid-based carriers, such as those associated with pH-responsive membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Siani
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Edoardo Donadoni
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferraro
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Raoul Follereau 3, Vedano al Lambro, MB 20854, Italy; BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
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26
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Lv G, Sun X. The molecular-level understanding of the uptake of PFOS and its alternatives (6:2 Cl-PFESA and OBS) into phospholipid bilayers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125991. [PMID: 33975169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is an important indicator of their hazard. Partitioning to membrane phospholipids is one of the pathways for their bioaccumulation. However, the molecular mechanism on PFASs uptake into membrane phospholipids is not yet to be fully understood. In this work, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the uptake processes of PFOS and its alternatives (6:2 Cl-PFESA and OBS) into DPPC bilayers, and to evaluate their interaction with DPPC bilayers and their effect on properties of DPPC bilayers. The result of free energy changes shows that a barrier of 2-3 kcal mol-1 exists when these adsorbed PFASs on the surface are absorbed into DPPC bilayers. After incorporating into DPPC bilayers, three DPPC molecules interact with and thus stabilize a PFOS (or 6:2 Cl-PFESA or OBS) molecule. And another role of the three DPPC molecules is to shield these PFASs from exposure to water environment. These PFASs have the similar condensing effect on the model membrane. The molecular-level study is beneficial for understanding the bioaccumulation and toxicity of PFOS and its alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochun Lv
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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27
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Bartolacci C, Andreani C, El-Gammal Y, Scaglioni PP. Lipid Metabolism Regulates Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis in RAS-Driven Cancers: A Perspective on Cancer Progression and Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:706650. [PMID: 34485382 PMCID: PMC8415548 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.706650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
HRAS, NRAS and KRAS, collectively referred to as oncogenic RAS, are the most frequently mutated driver proto-oncogenes in cancer. Oncogenic RAS aberrantly rewires metabolic pathways promoting the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In particular, lipids have gained increasing attention serving critical biological roles as building blocks for cellular membranes, moieties for post-translational protein modifications, signaling molecules and substrates for ß-oxidation. However, thus far, the understanding of lipid metabolism in cancer has been hampered by the lack of sensitive analytical platforms able to identify and quantify such complex molecules and to assess their metabolic flux in vitro and, even more so, in primary tumors. Similarly, the role of ROS in RAS-driven cancer cells has remained elusive. On the one hand, ROS are beneficial to the development and progression of precancerous lesions, by upregulating survival and growth factor signaling, on the other, they promote accumulation of oxidative by-products that decrease the threshold of cancer cells to undergo ferroptosis. Here, we overview the recent advances in the study of the relation between RAS and lipid metabolism, in the context of different cancer types. In particular, we will focus our attention on how lipids and oxidative stress can either promote or sensitize to ferroptosis RAS driven cancers. Finally, we will explore whether this fine balance could be modulated for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pier Paolo Scaglioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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28
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Chen P, Vorobyov I, Roux B, Allen TW. Molecular Dynamics Simulations Based on Polarizable Models Show that Ion Permeation Interconverts between Different Mechanisms as a Function of Membrane Thickness. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1020-1035. [PMID: 33493394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the permeation of charged compounds through lipid membranes. Overall, it is expected that an ion-induced defect permeation mechanism, where substantial membrane deformations accompany ion movement, should be dominant in thin membranes but that a solubility-diffusion mechanism, where ions partition into the membrane core with large associated dehydration energy costs, becomes dominant in thicker membranes. However, while this physical picture is intuitively reasonable, capturing the interconversion between these two permeation mechanisms in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on atomic models is challenging. In particular, simulations relying on nonpolarizable force fields are artificially unfavorable to the solubility-diffusion mechanism, as induced polarization of the nonpolar hydrocarbon is ignored, causing overestimated free energy costs for charged molecules to enter into this region of the membrane. In this study, all-atom MD simulations based on nonpolarizable and polarizable force fields are used to quantitatively characterize the permeation process for the arginine side chain analog methyl-guanidinium through bilayer membranes of mono-unsaturated phosphatidylcholine lipids with and without cholesterol, resulting in thicknesses spanning from ∼24 to ∼42 Å. With simulations based on a nonpolarizable force field, ion translocation can take place solely through an ion-induced defect mechanism, with free energy barriers increasing linearly from 14 to 40 kcal/mol, depending on the thickness. However, with simulations based on a polarizable force field, ion translocation is predominantly dominated by an ion-induced defect mechanism in thin membranes, which progressively converts to a solubility-diffusion mechanism as the membranes get thicker. The transition between the two mechanisms occurs at a thickness of ∼29 Å, with lipid tails of 22 or more carbon atoms. This situation appears to represent the upper limit for ion-induced defect permeation within the current polarizable models. Beyond this thickness, it becomes energetically preferable for the ion to dehydrate and partition into the membrane core-a phenomenon that cannot be captured using the nonpolarizable models. Induced electronic polarizability therefore leads not just to a shift in permeation energetics but to an interconversion between two strikingly different physical mechanisms. The result highlights the importance of induced polarizability in modeling lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Igor Vorobyov
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Benoît Roux
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Toby W Allen
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
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29
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Yuan Y, Liu X, Liu T, Liu W, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Zhao C. Molecular dynamics exploring of atmosphere components interacting with lung surfactant phospholipid bilayers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140547. [PMID: 32659550 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) in the atmosphere are significantly correlated with various respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. High doses of each of these gases or a mixture can change the physical and chemical properties of the lung membrane, thus leading to an increased pulmonary vascular permeability and structural failure of the alveolar cell membrane. In the present study, detailed molecular dynamic (MD) modeling was applied to investigate the effects of SO2, NO2, O3 and mixtures of these gases on the dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) phospholipid bilayer. The results showed that several key physical properties, including the mass density, lipid ordering parameter, lipid diffusion, and electrostatic potential of the cell membrane, have been changed by the binding of different compounds. This resulted in significant variations and more disorder in the DPPC bilayer. The multiple analyses of membrane properties proved the toxicity of NO2, O3, and SO2 to the DPPC bilayer, providing a theoretical basis for the experimental phenomenon that SO2, NO2 and O3 can cause lung cell apoptosis. For the single systems, the damage to DPPC bilayer caused by O3 was more serious than NO2 and SO2. More importantly, the MD simulations using the mixtures of SO2, NO2, and O3 showed a much greater decline of membrane fluidity and the aggravation of membrane damage than the single systems, indicating a synergistic effect when NO2, SO2, and O3 coexisted in the atmosphere, which could lead to much more severe damage and greater toxicities to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongna Yuan
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinhe Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wencheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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30
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Vega M, Lurio L, Lal J, Karapetrova EA, Gaillard ER. Structure of supported DPPC/cholesterol bilayers studied via X-ray reflectivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19089-19099. [PMID: 32807995 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electron density profile of bilayers of DPPC/cholesterol mixtures supported on semiconductor grade silicon substrates were studied with the objective of determining how the proximity of a solid interface modifies the phase diagram of mixed bilayers. The bilayers were studied in situ immersed in water via synchrotron X-ray reflectivity (XRR). Measurements were performed as a function of temperature through the main phase transition and cholesterol mole fractions up to 40%. Analysis of XRR yields the bilayer thickness, roughness and leaflet asymmetry. We find that the structure of the pure DPPC bilayers in the gel phase is in agreement with previous X-ray measurements of supported bilayers deposited via vesicle fusion and multilamellar vesicles but show more clearly defined features than measurements made on films formed using Langmuir-Blodget Langmuir-Shaffer (LB) deposition. Examination of bilayer thickness vs. temperature shows that the melting temperature for supported bilayers is shifted upwards by approximately 4 °C relative to multilamellar vesicles and that the melting temperature decreases with increasing cholesterol content up to 20%. For pure DPPC bilayers the leaflets melt in two stages with the distal leaflet melting first. For cholesterol concentrations of 10% and 20% there is no clear indication of separate melting. For 33% and 40% cholesterol content no clear transition is seen in the bilayer thickness, but an abrupt change in roughness indicates possible microdomain formation in the 40% cholesterol sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vega
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
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31
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Dai Y, Bai S, Hu C, Chu K, Shen B, Smith ZJ. Combined Morpho-Chemical Profiling of Individual Extracellular Vesicles and Functional Nanoparticles without Labels. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5585-5594. [PMID: 32162516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biological nanoparticles are important targets of study, yet their small size and tendency to aggregate makes their heterogeneity difficult to profile on a truly single-particle basis. Here we present a label-free system called 'Raman-enabled nanoparticle trapping analysis' (R-NTA) that optically traps individual nanoparticles, records Raman spectra and tracks particle motion to identify chemical composition, size, and refractive index. R-NTA has the unique capacity to characterize aggregation status and absolute chemical concentration at the single-particle level. We validate the method on NIST standards and liposomes, demonstrating that R-NTA can accurately characterize size and chemical heterogeneity, including determining combined morpho-chemical properties such as the number of lamellae in individual liposomes. Applied to extracellular vesicles (EVs), we find distinct differences between EVs from cancerous and noncancerous cells, and that knockdown of the TRPP2 ion channel, which is pathologically highly expressed in laryngeal cancer cells, leads the EVs to more closely resemble EVs from normal epithelial cells. Intriguingly, the differences in EV content are found in small subpopulations of EVs, highlighting the importance of single-particle measurements. These experiments demonstrate the power of the R-NTA system to measure and characterize the morpho-chemical heterogeneity of bionanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Dept. of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Suwen Bai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chuanzhen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Dept. of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Kaiqin Chu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Dept. of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zachary J Smith
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Dept. of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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32
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Liposomal membrane permeability assessment by fluorescence techniques: Main permeabilizing agents, applications and challenges. Int J Pharm 2020; 580:119198. [PMID: 32169353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are lipid vesicles made of one or multiple lipid bilayers surrounding an internal aqueous core. They are broadly employed as models to study membrane structure and properties. Among these properties, liposome membrane permeability is crucial and widely assessed by fluorescence techniques. The first part of this review is devoted to describe the various techniques used for membrane permeability assessment. Attention is paid to fluorescence techniques based on vesicle leakage of self-quenching probes, dye/quencher pair or cation/ligand pair. Secondly, the membrane-active agents inducing membrane permeabilization is presented and details on their mechanisms of action are given. Emphasis is also laid on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that can modulate the membrane permeability. Hence, a suitable liposomal membrane should be formulated according to the aim of the study and its application.
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33
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Poojari C, Zak A, Dzieciuch-Rojek M, Bunker A, Kepczynski M, Róg T. Cholesterol Reduces Partitioning of Antifungal Drug Itraconazole into Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2139-2148. [PMID: 32101005 PMCID: PMC7735721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Cholesterol
plays a crucial role in modulating the physicochemical
properties of biomembranes, both increasing mechanical strength and
decreasing permeability. Cholesterol is also a common component of
vesicle-based delivery systems, including liposome-based drug delivery
systems (LDSs). However, its effect on the partitioning of drug molecules
to lipid membranes is very poorly recognized. Herein, we performed
a combined experimental/computational study of the potential for the
use of the LDS formulation for the delivery of the antifungal drug
itraconazole (ITZ). We consider the addition of cholesterol to the
lipid membrane. Since ITZ is only weakly soluble in water, its bioavailability
is limited. Use of an LDS has thus been proposed. We studied lipid
membranes composed of cholesterol, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and ITZ using a combination of
computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of lipid bilayers
and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) experiments of monolayers. Both
experimental and computational results show separation of cholesterol
and ITZ. Cholesterol has a strong preference to orient parallel to
the bilayer normal. However, ITZ, a long and relatively rigid molecule
with weakly hydrophilic groups along the backbone, predominantly locates
below the interface between the hydrocarbon chain region and the polar
region of the membrane, with its backbone oriented parallel to the
membrane surface; the orthogonal orientation in the membrane could
be the cause of the observed separation. In addition, fluorescence
measurements demonstrated that the affinity of ITZ for the lipid membrane
is decreased by the presence of cholesterol, which is thus probably
not a suitable formulation component of an LDS designed for ITZ delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Poojari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Agata Zak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Alex Bunker
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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34
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Effect of dipole moment on amphiphile solubility and partition into liquid ordered and liquid disordered phases in lipid bilayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183157. [PMID: 31846646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Association of amphiphiles with biomembranes is important for their availability at specific locations in organisms and cells, being critical for their biological function. A prominent role is usually attributed to the hydrophobic effect, and to electrostatic interactions between charged amphiphiles and lipids. This work explores a closely related and complementary aspect, namely the contribution made by dipole moments to the strength of the interactions established. Two xanthene amphiphiles with opposite relative orientations of their dipole and amphiphilic moments have been selected (Rhodamine-C14 and Carboxyfluorescein-C14). The membranes studied have distinct lipid compositions, representing typical cell membrane pools, ranging from internal membranes to the outer and inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. A comprehensive study is reported, including the affinity of the amphiphiles for the different membranes, the stability of the amphiphiles as monomers and their tendency to form small clusters, as well as their transverse location in the membrane. The orientation of the amphiphile dipole moment, which determines whether its interaction with the membrane dipole potential is repulsive or attractive, is found to exert a large influence on the association of the amphiphile with ordered lipid membranes. These interactions are also responsible for the formation of small clusters or stabilization of amphiphile monomers in the membrane. The results obtained allow understanding the prevalence of protein lipidation at the N-terminal for efficient targeting to the plasma membrane, as well as the tendency of GPI-anchored proteins (usually lipidated at the C-terminal) to form small clusters in the membrane ordered domains.
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35
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Bux K, Moin ST. Solvation of cholesterol in different solvents: a molecular dynamics simulation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1154-1167. [PMID: 31848548 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05303d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, molecular dynamics simulations of an isolated cholesterol immersed in four different solvents of varying polarity, such as water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide and benzene, were reported for the first time to gain insights into the structural and dynamical properties. The study was mainly focused on the evaluation of solvation of cholesterol with respect to its hydrophilic and hydrophobic structural components in the form of respective functional groups interacting with the solvents. Structural evaluations suggested that both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of cholesterol were interacting with the solvents, in particular methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide, which presented both types of interactions that are polar and non-polar. On the other hand, the highly polar water and non-polar benzene demonstrated extreme solvation behavior, since water was involved only in hydrogen bonding to the solute hydroxyl group and non-polar benzene formed strong van der Waals interactions only. Furthermore, the hydrophobic effect of cholesterol was also analyzed mainly in polar solvents, as the effect was more pronounced in the polar environment thereby preventing the solvent mobility in the solvation layer(s). The dynamical properties in terms of lateral diffusion and hydrogen bond dynamics as well as free energies of solvation also corroborated the findings based on the structural data and the hydrophobic character of cholesterol was later quantified by the computation of the averaged solvent accessible surface area. The polarity effect of the solvents on the aggregation property of cholesterol was further investigated, which is of big concern from the clinical point of view due to its major role in cardiovascular ailments. It was another major finding of the present study that aggregation was shown to be facilitated by highly polar solvents like water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khair Bux
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Tarique Moin
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
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36
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Tai K, Rappolt M, He X, Wei Y, Zhu S, Zhang J, Mao L, Gao Y, Yuan F. Effect of β-sitosterol on the curcumin-loaded liposomes: Vesicle characteristics, physicochemical stability, in vitro release and bioavailability. Food Chem 2019; 293:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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37
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Demetriou E, Story HE, Bofinger R, Hailes HC, Tabor AB, Golay X. Effect of Liposomal Encapsulation on the Chemical Exchange Properties of Diamagnetic CEST Agents. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7545-7557. [PMID: 31449408 PMCID: PMC6734798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents such as glucose or 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) have shown high sensitivities and significant potential for monitoring glucose uptake in tumors with MRI. Here, we show that liposome encapsulation of such agents can be exploited to enhance the CEST signal by reducing the overall apparent exchange rate. We have developed a concise analytical model to describe the liposomal contrast dependence on several parameters such as pH, temperature, irradiation amplitude, and intraliposomal water content. This is the first study in which a model has been constructed to measure the exchange properties of diamagnetic CEST agents encapsulated inside liposomes. Experimentally measured exchange rates of glucose and 2-DG in the liposomal system were found to be reduced due to the intermembrane exchange between the intra- and extraliposomal compartments because of restrictions in water transfer imposed by the lipid membrane. These new theoretical and experimental findings will benefit applications of diamagnetic liposomes to image biological processes. In addition, combining this analytical model with measurements of the CEST signal enhancement using liposomes as a model membrane system is an important new general technique for studying membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Demetriou
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet E Story
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Bofinger
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alethea B Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Golay
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
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38
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Effects of Cholesterol on Water Permittivity of Biomimetic Ion Pair Amphiphile Bilayers: Interplay between Membrane Bending and Molecular Packing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133252. [PMID: 31269714 PMCID: PMC6651711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion pair amphiphile (IPA), a molecular complex composed of a pair of cationic and anionic amphiphiles, is an inexpensive phospholipid substitute to fabricate vesicles with various pharmaceutical applications. Modulating the physicochemical and permeation properties of IPA vesicles are important for carrier designs. Here, we applied molecular dynamics simulations to examine the cholesterol effects on the structures, mechanics, and water permittivity of hexadecyltrimethylammonium-dodecylsulfate (HTMA-DS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium- hexadecylsulfate (DTMA-HS) IPA bilayers. Structural and mechanical analyses indicate that both IPA systems are in gel phase at 298 K. Adding cholesterol induces alkyl chain ordering around the rigid sterol ring and increases the cavity density within the hydrophilic region of both IPA bilayers. Furthermore, the enhanced alkyl chain ordering and the membrane deformation energy induced by cholesterol increase the permeation free energy penalty. In contrast, cholesterol has minor effects on the water local diffusivities within IPA membranes. Overall, the cholesterol reduces the water permittivity of rigid IPA membranes due to the synergistic effects of increased alkyl chain ordering and enhanced membrane mechanical modulus. The results provide molecular insights into the effects of molecular packing and mechanical deformations on the water permittivity of biomimetic IPA membranes, which is critical for designing IPA vesicular carriers.
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39
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Eriksson EK, Edwards K, Grad P, Gedda L, Agmo Hernández V. Osmoprotective effect of ubiquinone in lipid vesicles modelling the E. coli plasma membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:1388-1396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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40
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Hanashima S, Murakami K, Yura M, Yano Y, Umegawa Y, Tsuchikawa H, Matsumori N, Seo S, Shinoda W, Murata M. Cholesterol-Induced Conformational Change in the Sphingomyelin Headgroup. Biophys J 2019; 117:307-318. [PMID: 31303249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Cho) are the important lipids for the formation of biologically functional membrane domains, lipid rafts. However, the interaction between Cho and the headgroup of SM remains unclear. In this study, we performed solid-state NMR experiments to reveal the Cho effects on the headgroup conformation using 2H-labeled stearoyl-SM (SSM). Deuterated SSMs at the Cα, Cβ, and Cγ positions of a choline moiety were separately prepared and subjected to NMR measurements to determine the quadrupolar splitting of 2H signals in hydrated SSM unitary and SSM/Cho (1:1) bilayers. Using 2H NMR and 13C-31P REDOR data, the conformation and orientation of the choline moiety were deduced and compared with those derived from molecular dynamics simulations. In SSM unitary bilayers, three torsional angles in the phosphocholine moiety, P-O-Cα-Cβ, were found to be consecutive +gauche(g)/+g/+g or -g/-g/-g. The orientation and conformation of the SSM headgroup were consistent with the results of our molecular dynamics simulations and the previous results on phosphatidylcholines. The quadrupolar coupling at the α methylene group slightly increased in the presence of Cho, and those at the Cβ and Cγ decreased more significantly, thus suggesting that Cho reduced the gauche conformation at the Cα-Cβ torsion. The conformational ensemble in the presence of Cho may enhance the so-called umbrella effect of the SSM headgroup, resulting in the stabilization of Cho near the SM molecules by concealing the hydrophobic Cho core from interfacial water. We also examined the effect of the chiral centers at the sphingosine chain to the headgroup conformation by determining the enantiomeric excess between the diastereomeric +g/+g/+g and -g/-g/-g conformers using (S)-Cα-deuterated and (R)-Cα-deuterated SSMs. Their 2H NMR measurements showed that the chiral centers induced the slight diastereomeric excess in the SM headgroup conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yo Yano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Umegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; ERATO Lipid Active Structure Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuchikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sangjae Seo
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wataru Shinoda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; ERATO Lipid Active Structure Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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41
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Saeedimasine M, Montanino A, Kleiven S, Villa A. Role of lipid composition on the structural and mechanical features of axonal membranes: a molecular simulation study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8000. [PMID: 31142762 PMCID: PMC6541598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of cellular membranes is critical for the functionality of axons. Failure of the axonal membranes (plasma membrane and/or myelin sheath) can be the origin of neurological diseases. The two membranes differ in the content of sphingomyelin and galactosylceramide lipids. We investigate the relation between lipid content and bilayer structural-mechanical properties, to better understand the dependency of membrane properties on lipid composition. A sphingomyelin/phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer is used to mimic a plasma membrane and a galactosylceramide/phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer to mimic a myelin sheath. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed at atomistic and coarse-grained levels to characterize the bilayers at equilibrium and under deformation. For comparison, simulations of phospholipid and phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers are also performed. The results clearly show that the bilayer biomechanical and structural features depend on the lipid composition, independent of the molecular models. Both galactosylceramide or sphingomyelin lipids increase the order of aliphatic tails and resistance to water penetration. Having 30% galactosylceramide increases the bilayers stiffness. Galactosylceramide lipids pack together via sugar-sugar interactions and hydrogen-bond phosphocholine with a correlated increase of bilayer thickness. Our findings provide a molecular insight on role of lipid content in natural membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saeedimasine
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Annaclaudia Montanino
- Division of Neuronic Engineering, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Svein Kleiven
- Division of Neuronic Engineering, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Villa
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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42
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Watanabe N, Suga K, Slotte JP, Nyholm TKM, Umakoshi H. Lipid-Surrounding Water Molecules Probed by Time-Resolved Emission Spectra of Laurdan. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6762-6770. [PMID: 31021095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The hydration states of the interfacial region of lipid bilayers were investigated on the basis of the time-resolved emission spectra (TRES) analysis of 6-lauroyl-2-dimethylamino naphthalene (Laurdan), a common fluorescence probe used to analyze membrane hydration. TRES derived from long and short lifetime components were extracted from samples of different lipid species: 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dioleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), d- erythro- N-palmitoyl-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM), and a DOPC/PSM binary bilayer system. Neither lifetime component (short or long) corresponded with the hydration properties; the short lifetime component of DOPC (1.97 ns) exhibited a peak at 440 nm, and the long lifetime components of DPPC and PSM (7.76 and 7.77 ns, respectively) exhibited peaks at the same wavelength. This similarity arose from the competition between the collisional quenching and the hydration effects of water molecules. Herein, this phenomenon was investigated using a plot of the lifetime τ and the peak position λ (τ vs λ plot), simultaneously visualizing both effects by deconvoluting the TRES. On the basis of collisional quenching theory, the distribution of the water population per lipid (water map) was generated. According to this theory, the τ vs λ plot was applied to the water map and the calculation of the number of water molecules per lipid, which is consistent with previous reports. This approach provides novel insights for the analysis of molecular hydration states using the fluorescence of Laurdan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Watanabe
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Keishi Suga
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A , Turku FI-20520 , Finland
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A , Turku FI-20520 , Finland
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
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43
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Abstract
This Review illustrates the evaluation of permeability of lipid membranes from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation primarily using water and oxygen as examples. Membrane entrance, translocation, and exit of these simple permeants (one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic) can be simulated by conventional MD, and permeabilities can be evaluated directly by Fick's First Law, transition rates, and a global Bayesian analysis of the inhomogeneous solubility-diffusion model. The assorted results, many of which are applicable to simulations of nonbiological membranes, highlight the limitations of the homogeneous solubility diffusion model; support the utility of inhomogeneous solubility diffusion and compartmental models; underscore the need for comparison with experiment for both simple solvent systems (such as water/hexadecane) and well-characterized membranes; and demonstrate the need for microsecond simulations for even simple permeants like water and oxygen. Undulations, subdiffusion, fractional viscosity dependence, periodic boundary conditions, and recent developments in the field are also discussed. Last, while enhanced sampling methods and increasingly sophisticated treatments of diffusion add substantially to the repertoire of simulation-based approaches, they do not address directly the critical need for force fields with polarizability and multipoles, and constant pH methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Venable
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Lung, Heart, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Lung, Heart, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Richard W Pastor
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Lung, Heart, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
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44
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Enkavi G, Javanainen M, Kulig W, Róg T, Vattulainen I. Multiscale Simulations of Biological Membranes: The Challenge To Understand Biological Phenomena in a Living Substance. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5607-5774. [PMID: 30859819 PMCID: PMC6727218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by nonequilibrium conditions. Because of all of these features, simulations are a great technique to study biomembrane behavior. A significant part of the functional processes in biological membranes takes place at the molecular level; thus computer simulations are the method of choice to explore how their properties emerge from specific molecular features and how the interplay among the numerous molecules gives rise to function over spatial and time scales larger than the molecular ones. In this review, we focus on this broad theme. We discuss the current state-of-the-art of biomembrane simulations that, until now, have largely focused on a rather narrow picture of the complexity of the membranes. Given this, we also discuss the challenges that we should unravel in the foreseeable future. Numerous features such as the actin-cytoskeleton network, the glycocalyx network, and nonequilibrium transport under ATP-driven conditions have so far received very little attention; however, the potential of simulations to solve them would be exceptionally high. A major milestone for this research would be that one day we could say that computer simulations genuinely research biological membranes, not just lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giray Enkavi
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Javanainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences, Flemingovo naḿesti 542/2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- MEMPHYS-Center
for Biomembrane Physics
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45
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Rivel T, Ramseyer C, Yesylevskyy S. The asymmetry of plasma membranes and their cholesterol content influence the uptake of cisplatin. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5627. [PMID: 30948733 PMCID: PMC6449338 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of the plasma membrane of malignant cells is thought to influence the cellular uptake of cisplatin and to take part in developing resistance to this widespread anti-cancer drug. In this work we study the permeation of cisplatin through the model membranes of normal and cancer cells using molecular dynamics simulations. A special attention is paid to lipid asymmetry and cholesterol content of the membranes. The loss of lipid asymmetry, which is common for cancer cells, leads to a decrease in their permeability to cisplatin by one order of magnitude in comparison to the membranes of normal cells. The change in the cholesterol molar ratio from 0% to 33% also decreases the permeability of the membrane by approximately one order of magnitude. The permeability of pure DOPC membrane is 5-6 orders of magnitude higher than one of the membranes with realistic lipid composition, which makes it as an inadequate model for the studies of drug permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Rivel
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France.
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France
| | - Semen Yesylevskyy
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France.,Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospect Nauky 46, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
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46
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Issack BB, Peslherbe GH. Accuracy and precision of simulated free energies: water permeation of hydrated DPPC bilayers as a paradigm. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1572141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilkiss B. Issack
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Département des sciences expérimentales, Université de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Gilles H. Peslherbe
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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47
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Watanabe N, Goto Y, Suga K, Nyholm TKM, Slotte JP, Umakoshi H. Solvatochromic Modeling of Laurdan for Multiple Polarity Analysis of Dihydrosphingomyelin Bilayer. Biophys J 2019; 116:874-883. [PMID: 30819567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydration properties of the interface between lipid bilayers and bulk water are important for determining membrane characteristics. Here, the emission properties of a solvent-sensitive fluorescence probe, 6-lauroyl-2-dimethylamino naphthalene (Laurdan), were evaluated in lipid bilayer systems composed of the sphingolipids D-erythro-N-palmitoyl-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM) and D-erythro-N-palmitoyl-dihydrosphingomyelin (DHPSM). The glycerophospholipids 1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-oleoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were used as controls. The fluorescence properties of Laurdan in sphingolipid bilayers indicated multiple excited states according to the results obtained from the emission spectra, fluorescence anisotropy, and the center-of-mass spectra during the decay time. Deconvolution of the Laurdan emission spectra into four components based on the solvent model enabled us to identify the varieties of hydration and the configurational states derived from intermolecular hydrogen bonding in sphingolipids. Sphingolipids showed specific, interfacial hydration properties stemming from their intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Particularly, the Laurdan in DHPSM revealed more hydrated properties compared to PSM, even though DHPSM has a higher Tm than PSM. Because DHPSM forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules (in 2NH configurational functional groups), the interfacial region of the DHPSM bilayer was expected to be in a highly polar environment. The careful analysis of Laurdan emission spectra through the four-component deconvolution in this study provides important insights for understanding the multiple polarity in the lipid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Goto
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keishi Suga
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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48
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Budding and Division of Giant Vesicles Linked to Phospholipid Production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:165. [PMID: 30655551 PMCID: PMC6336860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-reproduction of supramolecular assemblies based on the synthesis and self-assembly of building blocks is a critical step towards the construction of chemical systems with autonomous, adaptive, and propagation properties. In this report, we demonstrate that giant vesicles can grow and produce daughter vesicles by synthesizing and incorporating phospholipids in situ from ad-hoc precursors. Our model involves acyl chain elongation via copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction and the ensuing production of synthetic phospholipids to induce budding and division. In addition, the growth and budding of giant vesicles were compatible with the encapsulation and transfer of macromolecules as large as lambda phage DNA to the buds. This chemical system provides a useful model towards the implementation of cell-like compartments capable of propagation and transport of biological materials.
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49
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Glucose Can Protect Membranes against Dehydration Damage by Inducing a Glassy Membrane State at Low Hydrations. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9010015. [PMID: 30650602 PMCID: PMC6359629 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The physical effects of small sugars on membranes have been studied for decades, primarily because of their membrane stabilization in cold or dehydrated environments. We studied the effects of up to 20 mol% glucose in bilayers made of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) at low hydration by combining X-ray diffraction and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. In agreement with previous studies, we observe membrane thinning at low and membrane thickening at high sugar concentrations. Glucose was found to preferentially localize to the outer head region of phospholipid bilayers at all concentrations, and partitioning of sugar in the membranes was found to monotonically increase with increasing sugar concentration. While the number of gauche defects in the lipid acyl tails and the lipid packing in the presence of sugar resembled values of a fluid lipid bilayer, tail dynamics, as assessed by autocorrelation of the carbon atoms in the phospholipid tails, were slowed down significantly with increasing glucose content. Thus, our findings suggest that sugar leads to a a disordered, glassy state of the hydrophobic membrane core. The non-monotonic effect of glucose on membrane thickness was found to be an effect of fluidification at low concentrations and decreased interdigitation in the higher sugar concentration regime.
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50
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Yamamoto S, Ohta A, Hossain F, Anjani G, Asakawa H, Asakawa T. Solubilization of Genistein in Phospholipid Vesicles and Their Atioxidant Capacity. J Oleo Sci 2019; 68:61-66. [PMID: 30542013 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-insoluble genistein was solubilized in aqueous medium by using phospholipid vesicles composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerophosphocholine (DOPC) with 0-30% cholesterol. For each vesicle, the maximum solubilization amount of genistein was investigated by X-ray scattering measurement. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of the solubilized genistein was evaluated by the ABTS assay. Genistein was found to be solubilized by 10-20% and 40-50% of the vesicle concentrations of pure DPPC and DOPC respectively. The maximum solubilization amount of genistein decreased to 0-10% and 20-30% when 30% of cholesterol is present in the respective vesicles. Cholesterol is solubilized in a hydrophobic core whereas genistein is solubilized in the polar head region or in the polar-apolar interface. The overlapping of solubilizing sites affected the solubilization of genistein when cholesterol was present in the vesicles. Moreover, the lamellar interval was largely affected by cholesterol in compared to the little impact of genistein because the later can indirectly affect the acyl chains. Genistein solubilized in DOPC showed the same degree of antioxidant capacity as that of vesicle-free genistein system. On the other hand, genistein solubilized in DPPC had lower antioxidant activity than the former systems. The distinction of antioxidant activity at different systems probably related to the difference of accessibility of ABTS radical cation to solubilized genistein through different vesicles. Finally, cholesterol-free DOPC vesicles were found to be the best solubilizer for genistein among the investigated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Yamamoto
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
| | - Akio Ohta
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
| | - Faisal Hossain
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
| | - Gemala Anjani
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University
| | - Hitoshi Asakawa
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
| | - Tsuyoshi Asakawa
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
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