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Surowiec RK, Allen MR, Wallace JM. Bone hydration: How we can evaluate it, what can it tell us, and is it an effective therapeutic target? Bone Rep 2022; 16:101161. [PMID: 35005101 PMCID: PMC8718737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Water constitutes roughly a quarter of the cortical bone by volume yet can greatly influence mechanical properties and tissue quality. There is a growing appreciation for how water can dynamically change due to age, disease, and treatment. A key emerging area related to bone mechanical and tissue properties lies in differentiating the role of water in its four different compartments, including free/pore water, water loosely bound at the collagen/mineral interfaces, water tightly bound within collagen triple helices, and structural water within the mineral. This review summarizes our current knowledge of bone water across the four functional compartments and discusses how alterations in each compartment relate to mechanical changes. It provides an overview on the advent of- and improvements to- imaging and spectroscopic techniques able to probe nano-and molecular scales of bone water. These technical advances have led to an emerging understanding of how bone water changes in various conditions, of which aging, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and osteogenesis imperfecta are reviewed. Finally, it summarizes work focused on therapeutically targeting water to improve mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K. Surowiec
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew R. Allen
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Joseph M. Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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2
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Nanda R, Hazan S, Sauer K, Aladin V, Keinan-Adamsky K, Corzilius B, Shahar R, Zaslansky P, Goobes G. Molecular differences in collagen organization and in organic-inorganic interfacial structure of bones with and without osteocytes. Acta Biomater 2022; 144:195-209. [PMID: 35331939 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a fascinating biomaterial composed mostly of type-I collagen fibers as an organic phase, apatite as an inorganic phase, and water molecules residing at the interfaces between these phases. They are hierarchically organized with minor constituents such as non-collagenous proteins, citrate ions and glycosaminoglycans into a composite structure that is mechanically durable yet contains enough porosity to accommodate cells and blood vessels. The nanometer scale organization of the collagen fibrous structure and the mineral constituents in bone were recently extensively scrutinized. However, molecular details at the lowest hierarchical level still need to be unraveled to better understand the exact atomic-level arrangement of all these important components in the context of the integral structure of the bone. In this report, we unfold some of the molecular characteristics differentiating between two load-bearing (cleithrum) bones, one from sturgeon fish, where the matrix contains osteocytes and one from pike fish where the bone tissue is devoid of these bone cells. Using enhanced solid-state NMR measurements, we underpin disparities in the collagen fibril structure and dynamics, the mineral phases, the citrate content at the organic-inorganic interface and water penetrability in the two bones. These findings suggest that different strategies are undertaken in the erection of the mineral-organic interfaces in various bones characterized by dissimilar osteogenesis or remodeling pathways and may have implications for the mechanical properties of the particular bone. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bone boasts unique interactions between collagen fibers and mineral phases through interfaces holding together this bio-composite structure. Over evolution, fish have gone from mineralizing their bones aided by certain bone cells called osteocytes, like tetrapod, to mineralization without these cells. Here, we report atomic level differences in collagen fiber cross linking and organization, porosity of the mineral phases and content of citrate molecules at the bio-mineral interface in bones from modern versus ancient fish. The dissimilar structural features may suggest disparate mechanical properties for the two bones. Fundamental level understanding of the organic and inorganic components in bone and the interfacial interactions holding them together is essential for successful bone repair and for treating better tissue pathologies.
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3
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Tiwari N, Wi S, Mentink-Vigier F, Sinha N. Mechanistic Insights into the Structural Stability of Collagen-Containing Biomaterials Such as Bones and Cartilage. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4757-4766. [PMID: 33929847 PMCID: PMC8151626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structural stability of various collagen-containing biomaterials such as bones and cartilage is still a mystery. Despite the spectroscopic development of several decades, the detailed mechanism of collagen interaction with citrate in bones and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) in its native state is unobservable. We present a significant advancement to probe the collagen interactions with citrate and GAGs in the ECM of native bones and cartilage along with specific/non-specific interactions inside the collagen assembly at the nanoscopic level through natural-abundance dynamic nuclear polarization-based solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The detected molecular-level interactions between citrate-collagen and GAG-collagen inside the native bone and cartilage matrices and other backbone and side-chain interactions in the collagen assembly are responsible for the structural stability and other biomechanical properties of these important classes of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tiwari
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow – 226014, INDIA
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221005, INDIA
| | - Sungsool Wi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32304, USA
| | | | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow – 226014, INDIA
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4
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Wang H, Falcoz S, Berteau JP. Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Bones and Their Link to Submicroscopic Vascularization Network: NMR Assignment and Relaxation Studies under Magic Angle Spinning Conditions in Intramuscular Bones of Atlantic Herring Fish. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4585-4595. [PMID: 33914538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The long-lasting proton signals in bones are identified as long-chain fatty acids, including saturated, mono-, and di-unsaturated fatty acids, with direct nuclear magnetic resonance evidence. We used intramuscular bones from Atlantic Herring fish to avoid interference from lipid-rich marrows. The key is to recognize that these signals are from mobile phase materials and study them with J-coupled correlation spectroscopies under magic angle spinning conditions. We kept extensive 1H-spin-echo records that allowed us to examine the effect of magic angle spinning on the transverse relaxation time of water and lipids over time. While it is impossible to distinguish based on chemical shifts, the relaxation data suggest that the signals are more consistent with the interpretation of phospholipid membranes than triglycerides in lipid droplets. In particular, the simultaneous T2 changes in water and lipids suggest that the centrifugal impact of magic angle spinning alters the lipid's structure in very tight spaces. Additional evidence of phospholipid membranes came from the choline-γ resonance at 3.2 ppm in fresh samples, which disappears with magic angle spinning. Thus, the fatty acid signals are at least partially from membrane bilayer structures, and we propose that they are linked to the submicroscopic vascularization channels similar to the dense canaliculi network in mammalian bones. Our detection of phospholipids from bones depended critically on two factors: (1) the elimination of the overwhelming triglyceride signals from marrows and (2) the preservation of water that biomembranes require. The relaxation data reveal aspects of lipid fluidity that have not been elucidated by previous order parameter studies on model membranes. Relaxation times have long been considered difficult to interpret. A robust and renewed understanding may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Steve Falcoz
- Department of Physical Therapy, The College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Berteau
- Department of Physical Therapy, The College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States.,New York Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City University of New York - City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States.,Nanosciences Initiative, City University of New York - Advance Science Research Center, New York, New York 10031, United States
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5
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Sihota P, Yadav RN, Dhaliwal R, Bose JC, Dhiman V, Neradi D, Karn S, Sharma S, Aggarwal S, Goni VG, Mehandia V, Vashishth D, Bhadada SK, Kumar N. Investigation of Mechanical, Material, and Compositional Determinants of Human Trabecular Bone Quality in Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2271-e2289. [PMID: 33475711 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Increased bone fragility and reduced energy absorption to fracture associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) cannot be explained by bone mineral density alone. This study, for the first time, reports on alterations in bone tissue's material properties obtained from individuals with diabetes and known fragility fracture status. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of T2D in altering biomechanical, microstructural, and compositional properties of bone in individuals with fragility fracture. METHODS Femoral head bone tissue specimens were collected from patients who underwent replacement surgery for fragility hip fracture. Trabecular bone quality parameters were compared in samples of 2 groups, nondiabetic (n = 40) and diabetic (n = 30), with a mean duration of disease 7.5 ± 2.8 years. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in aBMD between the groups. Bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was lower in the diabetic group due to fewer and thinner trabeculae. The apparent-level toughness and postyield energy were lower in those with diabetes. Tissue-level (nanoindentation) modulus and hardness were lower in this group. Compositional differences in the diabetic group included lower mineral:matrix, wider mineral crystals, and bone collagen modifications-higher total fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (fAGEs), higher nonenzymatic cross-link ratio (NE-xLR), and altered secondary structure (amide bands). There was a strong inverse correlation between NE-xLR and postyield strain, fAGEs and postyield energy, and fAGEs and toughness. CONCLUSION The current study is novel in examining bone tissue in T2D following first hip fragility fracture. Our findings provide evidence of hyperglycemia's detrimental effects on trabecular bone quality at multiple scales leading to lower energy absorption and toughness indicative of increased propensity to bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveer Sihota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Ram Naresh Yadav
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Ruban Dhaliwal
- Metabolic Bone Disease Center, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jagadeesh Chandra Bose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vandana Dhiman
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Neradi
- Department of Orthopedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shailesh Karn
- Department of Orthopedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sidhartha Sharma
- Department of Orthopedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sameer Aggarwal
- Department of Orthopedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vijay G Goni
- Department of Orthopedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishwajeet Mehandia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navin Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
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6
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Tiwari N, Wegner S, Hassan A, Dwivedi N, Rai R, Sinha N. Probing short and long-range interactions in native collagen inside the bone matrix by BioSolids CryoProbe. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:99-107. [PMID: 32761649 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance is a promising technique to probe bone mineralization and interaction of collagen protein in the native state. However, many of the developments are hampered due to the low sensitivity of the technique. In this article, we report solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments using the newly developed BioSolids CryoProbe™ to access its applicability for elucidating the atomic-level structural details of collagen protein in native state inside the bone. We report here approximately a fourfold sensitivity enhancement in the natural abundance 13 C spectrum compared with the room temperature conventional solid-state NMR probe. With the advantage of sensitivity enhancement, we have been able to perform natural abundance 15 N cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) and two-dimensional (2D) 1 H-13 C heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiments of native collagen within a reasonable timeframe. Due to high sensitivity, 2D 1 H/13 C HETCOR experiments have helped in detecting several short and long-range interactions of native collagen assembly, thus significantly expanding the scope of the method to such challenging biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tiwari
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, 226014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Alia Hassan
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation, Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Navneet Dwivedi
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, 226014, India
- Department of Physics, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - RamaNand Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, 226014, India
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7
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Coppel Y, Prigent Y, Grégoire G. Characterization of hydrogenated dentin components by advanced 1H solid-state NMR experiments. Acta Biomater 2021; 120:156-166. [PMID: 32860946 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Collecting information about molecular organisation on biological materials such as bone and dentin represents a major challenge in attaining a better understanding of their mechanical properties. To that end, solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopic study is an appropriate strategy to provide atomic structural details on these amorphous composite materials. However, species like water molecules and hydroxyl groups are usually observed through 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) ssNMR that suffers from poor resolution due to strong signal overlapping, making their identification difficult. This paper proposes a set of ssNMR experiments for 1H characterization of the main components of human dentin, based on homo- and hetero-nuclear dipolar couplings and composed mostly of fast 1D experiments. The 1H assignment is assisted by straightforward sample modifications: vacuum drying, deuterium exchange and demineralization. These experiments allow the hydrogen signal edition of dentin species like water molecules, HPO42- and OH- groups, depending on their localization (bound to the organic phase, linked to apatite or at the interface) and their dynamic behaviour. This ssNMR toolbox has the potential to provide important structural and dynamic information on chemical and physical modifications of biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Molecular characterisation of apatitic biomaterials by biophysical techniques is extremely difficult due to their complex and amorphous nature. It is, however, crucial to obtain such information if we want to understand their mechanical properties in relation to their physical state, for example their hydration levels. In this article we used a set of solid state NMR experiments and sample modifications to distinguish 1H signal of human dentin components with a particular attention to water molecules, known for their major role in biomaterial structuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Coppel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination UPR8241, CNRS, 205 Rte de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse Cedex 04, France.
| | - Yann Prigent
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT) - FR 2599, Faculté des Sciences et de l'Ingénierie, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Grégoire
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Toulouse Cedex 31062; Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces EA4462/URB2i, Université Paris, 92120, France
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8
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Tiwari N, Rai R, Sinha N. Water-lipid interactions in native bone by high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 107:101666. [PMID: 32371298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of structural and dynamical properties of lipid and its associated interaction with different components of bone is essential to understand its role at a different level of bone homeostasis such as bone mineralization and bone metabolism. In this article, we present water-dependent dynamical changes observed in lipids (triglycerides) in its absolute native environment inside bone by high-resolution 1H solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR). Relaxation measurement (T2 measurement) ssNMR experiments were performed at different levels of water network induced by dehydration and H/D exchange in native bone. Our measurements reflect the changes in the local environment and dynamical properties of triglyceride due to different hydration levels. The present study explains the role of water in stabilizing the structural properties of triglycerides in bone hence will help understand its pathological role associated with bone physiology and bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tiwari
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, 226014, India; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - RamaNand Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, 226014, India.
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9
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Kaflak A, Moskalewski S, Kolodziejski W. The solid-state proton NMR study of bone using a dipolar filter: apatite hydroxyl contentversusanimal age. RSC Adv 2019; 9:16909-16918. [PMID: 35516370 PMCID: PMC9064436 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01902b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydroxyl content of bone apatite mineral has been measured using proton solid-state NMR performed with a multiple-pulse dipolar filter under slow magic angle spinning (MAS). This new method succeeded in resolving and relatively enhancing the main hydroxyl peak at ca. 0 ppm from whole bone, making it amenable to rigorous quantitative analysis. The proposed methodology, involving line fitting, the measurement of the apatite concentration in the studied material and adequate calibration, was proved to be convenient and suitable for monitoring bone mineral hydroxylation in different species and over the lifetime of the animal. It was found that the hydroxyl content in the cranial bone mineral of pig and rats remained in the 5–10% range, with reference to stoichiometric hydroxyapatite. In rats, the hydroxyl content showed a non-monotonic increase with age, which was governed by biological processes rather than by chemical, thermodynamically driven apatite maturation. Mineral hydroxylation in whole bone can be accurately studied using proton MAS NMR with a multiple-pulse dipolar filter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kaflak
- Medical University of Warsaw
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials
- Warsaw 02-097
- Poland
| | - Stanisław Moskalewski
- Medical University of Warsaw
- Department of Histology and Embryology
- Warsaw 02-004
- Poland
| | - Waclaw Kolodziejski
- Medical University of Warsaw
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials
- Warsaw 02-097
- Poland
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10
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Bini F, Pica A, Marinozzi A, Marinozzi F. 3D diffusion model within the collagen apatite porosity: An insight to the nanostructure of human trabecular bone. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189041. [PMID: 29220377 PMCID: PMC5722326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue at nanoscale is a composite mainly made of apatite crystals, collagen molecules and water. This work is aimed to study the diffusion within bone nanostructure through Monte-Carlo simulations. To this purpose, an idealized geometric model of the apatite-collagen structure was developed. Gaussian probability distribution functions were employed to design the orientation of the apatite crystals with respect to the axes (length L, width W and thickness T) of a plate-like trabecula. We performed numerical simulations considering the influence of the mineral arrangement on the effective diffusion coefficient of water. To represent the hindrance of the impermeable apatite crystals on the water diffusion process, the effective diffusion coefficient was scaled with the tortuosity, the constrictivity and the porosity factors of the structure. The diffusion phenomenon was investigated in the three main directions of the single trabecula and the introduction of apatite preferential orientation allowed the creation of an anisotropic medium. Thus, different diffusivities values were observed along the axes of the single trabecula. We found good agreement with previous experimental results computed by means of a genetic algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Bini
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrada Pica
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marinozzi
- Orthopedy and Traumatology Area, “Campus Bio-Medico” University, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Marinozzi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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11
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Kaflak A, Chmielewski D, Kolodziejski W. Solid-state NMR study of discrete environments of bone mineral nanoparticles using phosphorus-31 relaxation. J Appl Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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12
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Marcon M, Keller D, Wurnig MC, Eberhardt C, Weiger M, Eberli D, Boss A. Separation of collagen-bound and porous bone water transverse relaxation in mice: proposal of a multi-step approach. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:866-872. [PMID: 27116654 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The separation and quantification of collagen-bound water (CBW) and pore water (PW) components of the cortical bone signal are important because of their different contribution to bone mechanical properties. Ultrashort TE (UTE) imaging can be used to exploit the transverse relaxation from CBW and PW, allowing their quantification. We tested, for the first time, the feasibility of UTE measurements in mice for the separation and quantification of the transverse relaxation of CBW and PW in vivo using three different approaches for T2 * determination. UTE sequences were acquired at 4.7 T in six mice with 10 different TEs (50-5000 μs). The transverse relaxation time T2 * of CBW (T2 *cbw ) and PW (T2 *pw ) and the CBW fraction (bwf) were computed using a mono-exponential (i), a standard bi-exponential (ii) and a new multi-step bi-exponential (iii) approach. Regions of interest were drawn at multiple levels of the femur and vertebral body cortical bone for each mouse. The sum of the normalized squared residuals (Res) and the homogeneity of variance were tested to compare the different methods. In the femur, approach (i) yielded mean T2 * ± standard deviation (SD) of 657 ± 234 μs. With approach (ii), T2 *cbw , T2 *pw and bwf were 464 ± 153 μs, 15 777 ± 10 864 μs and 57.6 ± 9.9%, respectively. For approach (iii), T2 *cbw , T2 *pw and bwf were 387 ± 108 μs, 7534 ± 2765 μs and 42.5 ± 6.2%, respectively. Similar values were obtained from vertebral bodies. Res with approach (ii) was lower than with the two other approaches (p < 0.007), but T2 *pw and bwf variance was lower with approach (iii) than with approach (ii) (p < 0.048). We demonstrated that the separation and quantification of cortical bone water components with UTE sequences is feasible in vivo in mouse models. The direct bi-exponential approach exhibited the best approximation to the measured signal curve with the lowest residuals; however, the newly proposed multi-step algorithm resulted in substantially lower variability of the computed parameters. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Marcon
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Keller
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz C Wurnig
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Eberhardt
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Weiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute for Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Singh C, Rai RK, Kayastha AM, Sinha N. Ultra fast magic angle spinning solid - state NMR spectroscopy of intact bone. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:132-135. [PMID: 26352739 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultra fast magic angle spinning (MAS) has been a potent method to significantly average out homogeneous/inhomogeneous line broadening in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy. It has given a new direction to ssNMR spectroscopy with its different applications. We present here the first and foremost application of ultra fast MAS (~60 kHz) for ssNMR spectroscopy of intact bone. This methodology helps to comprehend and elucidate the organic content in the intact bone matrix with resolution and sensitivity enhancement. At this MAS speed, amino protons from organic part of intact bone start to appear in (1) H NMR spectra. The experimental protocol of ultra-high speed MAS for intact bone has been entailed with an additional insight achieved at 60 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Singh
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ratan Kumar Rai
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
| | - Arvind M Kayastha
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
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Gul-E-Noor F, Singh C, Papaioannou A, Sinha N, Boutis GS. The Behavior of Water in Collagen and Hydroxyapatite Sites of Cortical Bone: Fracture, Mechanical Wear, and Load Bearing Studies. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:21528-21537. [PMID: 26659838 PMCID: PMC4675148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b06285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of cortical bone, which is largely comprised of collagen, hydroxyapatite, and water, are known to hinge on hydration. Recently, the characteristics of water in bone have drawn attention as potential markers of bone quality. We report on the dynamics, diffusion, population, and exchange of water in cortical bone by NMR relaxation and diffusion methodologies. Relaxation measurements over timescales ranging from 0.001 to 4.2 s reveal two distinguishable water environments. Systematic exposure to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or collagenase reveals one peak in our 2D relaxation map belonging to water present in the hydroxyapatite rich environment, and a second peak with shorter relaxation times arising from a collagen rich site. Diffusion-T2 measurements allowed for direct measurement of the diffusion coefficient of water in all observable reservoirs. Further, deuterium relaxation methods were applied to study cortical bone under an applied force, following mechanical wear or fracture. The tumbling correlation times of water reduce in all three cases, indicating that water dynamics may be used as a probe of bone quality. Lastly, changes in the relative populations and correlation times of water in bone under an applied force suggest that load bearing occurs largely in the collagen rich environment and is reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Gul-E-Noor
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Chandan Singh
- Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raibarelly Road, Lucknow 226014, India
- School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Antonios Papaioannou
- The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, Department of Physics, New York, United States
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raibarelly Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Gregory S. Boutis
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, Department of Physics, New York, United States
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