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Illmann N, Patroescu-Klotz I, Wiesen P. Organic acid formation in the gas-phase ozonolysis of α,β-unsaturated ketones. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 25:106-116. [PMID: 36476818 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03210d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids are key species in determining the radiative properties of the atmosphere due to their contribution to particle formation. Reported discrepancies between field measurements and modelling suggest significant missing sources. Herein, we present a mechanistic investigation on the gas-phase ozonolysis of ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK, 1-penten-3-one), which we chose as a model compound for α,β-unsaturated ketones. Experiments were performed in a 1080 L quartz-glass reaction chamber (QUAREC) at 990 ± 15 mbar and 298 ± 2 K (r. h. ≪ 0.1%) and analysed via long-path FTIR spectrometry and PTR-ToF-MS. The experiments were performed in the presence of an excess of CO to suppress the chemistry of OH radicals. For a comprehensive picture, in selected experiments, SO2 was also added to the reaction system to scavenge the stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) and to investigate their formation yield. Combining the results of both set-ups allowed us to quantify 2-oxobutanal, for which we report vapour-phase FTIR spectra. In addition, we introduce the first-ever infrared spectra of perpropionic acid, which was also positively identified in the EVK + O3 system. A detailed analysis of the experimental findings allowed us to link the identified reaction products (acetaldehyde, ethyl hydroperoxide, and perpropionic acid) to known bimolecular reactions of RO2 radicals. Thereby, it is shown that the EVK + O3 reaction yields formic acid, HC(O)OH, and propionic acid, C2H5C(O)OH, and their formation is not covered by mechanisms reported in the literature. Three different pathways accounting for their formation from chemically activated CIs are proposed and possible implications for the ozonolysis of α,β-unsaturated ketones in the atmosphere are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Illmann
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Iulia Patroescu-Klotz
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Peter Wiesen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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2
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Si H, Xiang T. Theoretical study of the radical–radical reactions between HOCH2OO and OH. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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3
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Zhang R, Gen M, Fu TM, Chan CK. Production of Formate via Oxidation of Glyoxal Promoted by Particulate Nitrate Photolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5711-5720. [PMID: 33861585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate nitrate photolysis can produce oxidants (i.e., OH, NO2, and NO2-/HNO2) in aqueous droplets and may play a potential role in increased atmospheric oxidative capacity. Our earlier works have reported on the SO2 oxidation promoted by nitrate photolysis to produce sulfate. Here, we used glyoxal as a model precursor to examine the role of particulate nitrate photolysis in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from particle-phase oxidation of glyoxal by OH radicals. Particles containing sodium nitrate and glyoxal were irradiated at 300 nm. Interestingly, typical oxidation products of oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid, and higher-molecular-weight products reported in the literature were not found in the photooxidation process of glyoxal during nitrate photolysis in the particle phase. Instead, formic acid/formate production was found as the main oxidation product. At glyoxal concentration higher than 3 M, we found that the formic acid/formate production rate increases significantly with increasing glyoxal concentration. Such results suggest that oxidation of glyoxal at high concentrations by OH radicals produced from nitrate photolysis in aqueous particles may not contribute significantly to SOA formation since formic acid is a volatile species. Furthermore, recent predictions of formic acid/formate concentration from the most advanced chemical models are lower than ambient observations at both the ground level and high altitude. The present study reveals a new insight into the production of formic acid/formate as well as a sink of glyoxal in the atmosphere, which may partially narrow the gap between model predictions and field measurements in both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Masao Gen
- Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tzung-May Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chak K Chan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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4
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Chow R, Mok DKW. A theoretical study of the addition of CH 2OO to hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide and its implications on SO 3 formation in the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14130-14141. [PMID: 32542295 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00961j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP, HOCH2OOH) with the simplest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, has been examined using quantum chemical methods with transition state theory. Geometry optimization and IRC calculations were performed using the M06-2X, MN15-L, and B2PLYP-D3 functionals in conjunction with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Single point energy calculations using QCISD(T) and BD(T) with the same basis set have been performed to determine the energy of reactants, reactive complexes, transition states, and products. Rate coefficients have been obtained using variational transition state theory. The addition of CH2OO on the three different oxygen atoms in HMHP has been considered and the ether oxide forming channel, CH2OO + HOCH2OOH → HOCH2O(O)CH2OOH (channel 2), is the most favorable. The best computed standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔH) and zero-point corrected barrier height are -20.02 and -6.33 kcal mol-1, respectively. The reaction barrier is negative and our results suggest that both the inner and outer transition states contribute to the corresponding overall reactive flux in the tropospheric temperature range (220 K to 320 K). A two-transition state model has been used to obtain reliable rate coefficients at the high-pressure limit. The pressure-dependent rate coefficient calculations using the SS-QRRK theory have shown that this channel is pressure-dependent. Moreover, our investigation has shown that the ether oxide formed may rapidly react with SO2 at 298 K to form SO3, which can, in turn, react with water to form atmospheric H2SO4. A similar calculation has been conducted for the reaction of HMHP with OH, suggesting that the titled reaction may be a significant sink of HMHP. Therefore, the reaction between CH2OO and HOCH2OOH could be an indirect source for generating atmospheric H2SO4, which is crucial to the formation of clouds, and it might relieve global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
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5
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Wang S, Newland MJ, Deng W, Rickard AR, Hamilton JF, Muñoz A, Ródenas M, Vázquez MM, Wang L, Wang X. Aromatic Photo-oxidation, A New Source of Atmospheric Acidity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7798-7806. [PMID: 32479720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Formic acid (HCOOH), one of the most important and ubiquitous organic acids in the Earth's atmosphere, contributes substantially to atmospheric acidity and affects pH-dependent reactions in the aqueous phase. However, based on the current mechanistic understanding, even the most advanced chemical models significantly underestimate the HCOOH concentrations when compared to ambient observations at both ground-level and high altitude, thus underrating its atmospheric impact. Here we reveal new chemical pathways to HCOOH formation from reactions of both O3 and OH with ketene-enols, which are important and to date undiscovered intermediates produced in the photo-oxidation of aromatics and furans. We highlight that the estimated yields of HCOOH from ketene-enol oxidation are up to 60% in polluted urban areas and greater than 30% even in the continental background. Our theoretical calculations are further supported by a chamber experiment evaluation. Considering that aromatic compounds are highly reactive and contribute ca. 10% to global nonmethane hydrocarbon emissions and 20% in urban areas, the new oxidation pathways presented here should help to narrow the budget gap of HCOOH and other small organic acids and can be relevant in any environment with high aromatic emissions, including urban areas and biomass burning plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mike J Newland
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrew R Rickard
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Jacqueline F Hamilton
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Amalia Muñoz
- Fundación CEAM, EUPHORE Laboratories, Avda. Charles R. Darwin. Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Ródenas
- Fundación CEAM, EUPHORE Laboratories, Avda. Charles R. Darwin. Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Monica M Vázquez
- Fundación CEAM, EUPHORE Laboratories, Avda. Charles R. Darwin. Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Allen HM, Crounse JD, Bates KH, Teng AP, Krawiec-Thayer MP, Rivera-Rios JC, Keutsch FN, St. Clair JM, Hanisco TF, Møller KH, Kjaergaard HG, Wennberg PO. Kinetics and Product Yields of the OH Initiated Oxidation of Hydroxymethyl Hydroperoxide. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6292-6302. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b04577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean C. Rivera-Rios
- Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Frank N. Keutsch
- Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jason M. St. Clair
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21228, United States
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
| | - Thomas F. Hanisco
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
| | - Kristian H. Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik G. Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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7
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Sheps L, Rotavera B, Eskola AJ, Osborn DL, Taatjes CA, Au K, Shallcross DE, Khan MAH, Percival CJ. The reaction of Criegee intermediate CH 2OO with water dimer: primary products and atmospheric impact. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:21970-21979. [PMID: 28805226 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03265j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid reaction of the smallest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, with water dimers is the dominant removal mechanism for CH2OO in the Earth's atmosphere, but its products are not well understood. This reaction was recently suggested as a significant source of the most abundant tropospheric organic acid, formic acid (HCOOH), which is consistently underpredicted by atmospheric models. However, using time-resolved measurements of reaction kinetics by UV absorption and product analysis by photoionization mass spectrometry, we show that the primary products of this reaction are formaldehyde and hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP), with direct HCOOH yields of less than 10%. Incorporating our results into a global chemistry-transport model further reduces HCOOH levels by 10-90%, relative to previous modeling assumptions, which indicates that the reaction CH2OO + water dimer by itself cannot resolve the discrepancy between the measured and predicted HCOOH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Sheps
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave., MS 9055, Livermore, California 94551, USA.
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8
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Misiewicz JP, Elliott SN, Moore KB, Schaefer HF. Re-examining ammonia addition to the Criegee intermediate: converging to chemical accuracy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7479-7491. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08582f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Theory shows ammonia is unlikely to be significant in Criegee chemistry and demonstrates the importance of perturbative quadruple excitations in Criegee chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah N. Elliott
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
| | - Kevin B. Moore
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
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9
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Linguerri R, Puzzarini C, Al Mogren MM, Francisco JS, Hochlaf M. Benchmark study of the structural and spectroscopic parameters of the hydroxymethyl peroxy (HOCH2OO) radical and its decomposition reaction to HO2 and H2CO. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:144303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Linguerri
- Laboratorie Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME UMR 8208 CNRS, Université Paris-Est, 5 Blvd. Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Cristina Puzzarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician,” Universitá di Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Muneerah Mogren Al Mogren
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, USA
| | - Majdi Hochlaf
- Laboratorie Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME UMR 8208 CNRS, Université Paris-Est, 5 Blvd. Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
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10
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Oliveira AM, Lehman JH, McCoy AB, Lineberger WC. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the hydroxymethoxide anion, H 2C(OH)O . J Chem Phys 2016; 145:124317. [PMID: 27782682 DOI: 10.1063/1.4963225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of the hydroxymethoxide anion, H2C(OH)O-. The photoelectron spectra show that 3.49 eV photodetachment produces two distinct electronic states of the neutral hydroxymethoxy radical (H2C(OH)O⋅). The H2C(OH)O⋅ ground state (X̃ 2A) photoelectron spectrum exhibits a vibrational progression consisting primarily of the OCO symmetric and asymmetric stretches, the OCO bend, as well as combination bands involving these modes with other, lower frequency modes. A high-resolution photoelectron spectrum aids in the assignment of several vibrational frequencies of the neutral H2C(OH)O⋅ radical, including an experimental determination of the H2C(OH)O⋅ 2ν12 overtone of the H-OCO torsional vibration as 220(10) cm-1. The electron affinity of H2C(OH)O⋅ is determined to be 2.220(2) eV. The low-lying à 2A excited state is also observed, with a spectrum that peaks ∼0.8 eV above the X̃ 2A state origin. The à 2A state photoelectron spectrum is a broad, partially resolved band. Quantum chemical calculations and photoelectron simulations aid in the interpretation of the photoelectron spectra. In addition, the gas phase acidity of methanediol is calculated to be 366(2) kcal mol-1, which results in an OH bond dissociation energy, D0(H2C(OH)O-H), of 104(2) kcal mol-1, using the experimentally determined electron affinity of the hydroxymethoxy radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan M Oliveira
- JILA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Julia H Lehman
- JILA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Anne B McCoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - W Carl Lineberger
- JILA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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11
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Mandal D, Sahu C, Bagchi S, Das AK. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Tropospheric Oxidation of Vinyl Acetate Initiated by OH Radical: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3739-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3126736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Mandal
- Department
of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Chandan Sahu
- Department
of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Sabyasachi Bagchi
- Department
of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Abhijit K. Das
- Department
of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
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12
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Delcey MG, Lindh R, Linguerri R, Hochlaf M, Francisco JS. Communication: Theoretical prediction of the structure and spectroscopic properties of the X̃ and à states of hydroxymethyl peroxy (HOCH2OO) radical. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:021105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4775782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Structure and binding energies of halogenated hydroxymethoxy radical–water hydrogen-bonded complexes: HOC(X)(Y)O·nH2O (n=0, 1, 2 and X, Y=H/F/Cl). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Vereecken L, Francisco JS. Theoretical studies of atmospheric reaction mechanisms in the troposphere. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6259-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35070j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Mansergas A, González J, Ruiz-López M, Anglada JM. The gas phase reaction of carbonyl oxide with hydroxyl radical in presence of water vapor. A theoretical study on the reaction mechanism. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Tishchenko O, Ilieva S, Truhlar DG. Communication: Energetics of reaction pathways for reactions of ethenol with the hydroxyl radical: The importance of internal hydrogen bonding at the transition state. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:021102. [PMID: 20632741 DOI: 10.1063/1.3455996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Tishchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
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Mucha M, Mielke Z. Photochemistry of the glyoxal–hydrogen peroxide complexes in solid argon: Formation of 2-hydroxy-2-hydroperoxyethanal. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Eisfeld W, Francisco JS. Structure, spectroscopic properties, and photochemistry of the hydroxymethoxy radical. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:134313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3231145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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