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Dąbkowska M, Stukan I, Kowalski B, Donerowicz W, Wasilewska M, Szatanik A, Stańczyk-Dunaj M, Michna A. BDNF-loaded PDADMAC-heparin multilayers: a novel approach for neuroblastoma cell study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17939. [PMID: 37864014 PMCID: PMC10589271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial science has contributed tremendously to developing nanoscale materials for delivering biologically active compounds, enhancing protein stability, and enabling its therapeutic use. This paper presents a process of formation of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) prepared by sequential adsorption of positively charged polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and negatively charged heparin sodium salt (HP), from low polyelectrolyte concentration, on a solid substrate. PEM was further applied as a platform for the adsorption of a brain-derived growth factor (BDNF), which is a protein capable of regulating neuronal cell development. The multilayers containing BDNF were thoroughly characterized by electrokinetic (streaming potential measurements, SPM) and optical (optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy, OWLS) techniques. It was found that BDNF was significantly adsorbed onto polyelectrolyte multilayers terminated by HP under physiological conditions. We further explore the effect of established PEMs in vitro on the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed that BDNF was released from multilayers, and the use of the PEMs intensified its cellular uptake. Compared to the control, PEMs with adsorbed BDNF significantly reduced cell viability and mitochondrial membrane polarization to as low as 72% and 58%, respectively. HPLC analysis showed that both PDADMAC-terminated and HP-terminated multilayers have antioxidative properties as they almost by half decreased lipid peroxidation in SH-SY5Y cells. Finally, enhanced formation of spheroid-like, 3D structures was observed by light microscopy. We offer a well-characterized PEM with antioxidant properties acting as a BDNF carrier, stabilizing BDNF and making it more accessible to cells in an inhomogeneous, dynamic, and transient in vitro environment. Described multilayers can be utilized in future biomedical applications, such as boosting the effect of treatment by selective anticancer as adjuvant therapy, and in biomedical research for future development of more precise neurodegenerative disease models, as they enhance cellular 3D structure formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dąbkowska
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Iga Stukan
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Kowalski
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Donerowicz
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Wasilewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Szatanik
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Michna
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
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2
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Yu G, Liu G, Liu T, Fink EH, Esker AR. Activities of Family 18 Chitinases on Amorphous Regenerated Chitin Thin Films and Dissolved Chitin Oligosaccharides: Comparison with Family 19 Chitinases. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:566-575. [PMID: 36715568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Changes in mass and viscoelasticity of chitin layers in fungal cell walls during chitinase attack are vital for understanding bacterial invasion of and human defense against fungi. In this work, regenerated chitin (RChitin) thin films mimicked the fungal chitin layers and facilitated studies of degradation by family 18 chitinases from Trichoderma viride (T. viride) and family 19 chitinases from Streptomyces griseus (S. griseus) that possessed chitin-binding domains (CBDs) that were absent in the family 18 chitinases. Degradation was monitored via a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) in real time at various pH and temperatures. Compared to substrates of colloidal chitin or dissolved chitin derivatives and analogues, the degradation of RChitin films was deeply affected by chitinase adsorption. While the family 18 chitinases had greater solution activity on chitin oligosaccharides, the family 19 chitinases exhibited greater surface activity on RChitin films, illustrating the importance of CBDs for insoluble substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States
| | - Gehui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States
| | - Ethan H Fink
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States
| | - Alan R Esker
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States.,Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia24061, United States
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3
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Gagliardi M, Agostini M, Lunardelli F, Miranda A, Luminare AG, Cervelli F, Gambineri F, Cecchini M. A Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW)-Based Lab-on-Chip for the Detection of Active α-Glycosidase. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1010. [PMID: 36421128 PMCID: PMC9688093 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme detection in liquid samples is a complex laboratory procedure, based on assays that are generally time- and cost-consuming, and require specialized personnel. Surface acoustic wave sensors can be used for this application, overcoming the cited limitations. To give our contribution, in this work we present the bottom-up development of a surface acoustic wave biosensor to detect active α-glycosidase in aqueous solutions. Our device, optimized to work at an ultra-high frequency (around 740 MHz), is functionalized with a newly synthesized probe 7-mercapto-1-eptyl-D-maltoside, bringing one maltoside terminal moiety. The probe is designed ad hoc for this application and tested in-cuvette to analyze the enzymatic conversion kinetics at different times, temperatures and enzyme concentrations. Preliminary data are used to optimize the detection protocol with the SAW device. In around 60 min, the SAW device is able to detect the enzymatic conversion of the maltoside unit into glucose in the presence of the active enzyme. We obtained successful α-glycosidase detection in the concentration range 0.15-150 U/mL, with an increasing signal in the range up to 15 U/mL. We also checked the sensor performance in the presence of an enzyme inhibitor as a control test, with a signal decrease of 80% in the presence of the inhibitor. The results demonstrate the synergic effect of our SAW Lab-on-a-Chip and probe design as a valid alternative to conventional laboratory tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Gagliardi
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Agostini
- INTA S.R.L., Intelligent Acoustics Systems, Via Nino Pisano 14, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Lunardelli
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- INTA S.R.L., Intelligent Acoustics Systems, Via Nino Pisano 14, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Miranda
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- INTA S.R.L., Intelligent Acoustics Systems, Via Nino Pisano 14, 56122 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Xylan-cellulose thin film platform for assessing xylanase activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Mohona TM, Dai N, Nalam PC. Comparative Degradation Kinetics Study of Polyamide Thin Films in Aqueous Solutions of Chlorine and Peracetic Acid Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14214-14227. [PMID: 34793175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyamide thin film composite membranes are widely used in water reclamation. Peracetic acid (PAA) is an emerging wastewater disinfectant with a potential for membrane cleaning and disinfection; however, its interaction with polyamide remains poorly understood. This study employs quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to determine the PAA-induced degradation kinetics of polyamide thin films, in comparison with the conventional disinfectant-free chlorine (HOCl). Polyamide films showed a sorption phase followed by a degradation phase when exposed to PAA (1000 mg L-1) and HOCl (100 mg L-1) solutions. While the sorption phase in HOCl experiments was short (1.4-3.5 min) and followed a Boltzmann-sigmoidal model, it spanned over 3-33 h in PAA experiments and displayed a two-stage behavior. The latter kinetics are attributed to sequential processes of the physical sorption of PAA in polyamide films followed by PAA-induced polyamide oxidation. In the degradation phase, the HOCl-exposed films followed a rapid, two-step exponential decay reaching an equilibrium mass of ∼50% of the initial (wet) mass after ∼5 h of exposure. In contrast, the PAA-exposed films followed a Boltzmann-sigmoidal decay, with ∼80% of the initial (wet) mass remaining intact after >10 h of exposure. Fast force maps generated using atomic force microscopy showed a progressive increase in the morphological heterogeneity of the polyamide films in HOCl solution due to pitting, cracking, bulging, and eventual delamination under both flow and no-flow conditions. In contrast, PAA only formed small pits on the polyamide film under flow; in a stagnant PAA solution, the film had no visible changes even after ∼148 h of exposure. This is the first comparative study on the chemical and morphological changes in polyamide films induced by PAA and HOCl. The much higher compatibility of polyamide with PAA than with chlorine supports the potential of PAA being used as a halogen-free membrane cleaning/disinfecting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashfia M Mohona
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Prathima C Nalam
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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pH-Stat Titration: A Rapid Assay for Enzymatic Degradability of Bio-Based Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060860. [PMID: 33799772 PMCID: PMC7998482 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based polymers have been suggested as one possible opportunity to counteract the progressive accumulation of microplastics in the environments. The gradual substitution of conventional plastics by bio-based polymers bears a variety of novel materials. The application of bioplastics is determined by their stability and bio-degradability, respectively. With the increasing implementation of bio-based plastics, there is also a demand for rapid and non-elaborate methods to determine their bio-degradability. Here, we propose an improved pH Stat titration assay optimized for bio-based polymers under environmental conditions and controlled temperature. Exemplarily, suspensions of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) microparticles were incubated with proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes. The rate of hydrolysis, as determined by counter-titration with a diluted base (NaOH), was recorded for two hours. PLA was hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes but not by lipase. PBS, in contrast, showed higher hydrolysis rates with lipase than with proteases. The thermal profile of PLA hydrolysis by protease showed an exponential increase from 4 to 30 °C with a temperature quotient Q10 of 5.6. The activation energy was 110 kJ·mol-1. pH-Stat titration proved to be a rapid, sensitive, and reliable procedure supplementing established methods of determining the bio-degradability of polymers under environmental conditions.
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7
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Lin X, Wu L, Huang S, Qin Y, Qiu X, Lou H. Effect of lignin-based amphiphilic polymers on the cellulase adsorption and enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics of cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 207:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Jiang F, Qian C, Esker AR, Roman M. Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on Dispersion and Polar Interactions in the Adsorption of Cellulases onto Lignin. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9607-9620. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chen Qian
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alan R. Esker
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maren Roman
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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9
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Dammak A, Moreau C, Azzam F, Jean B, Cousin F, Cathala B. Influence of cellulose nanocrystals concentration and ionic strength on the elaboration of cellulose nanocrystals–xyloglucan multilayered thin films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 460:214-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Lin X, Qiu X, Zhu D, Li Z, Zhan N, Zheng J, Lou H, Zhou M, Yang D. Effect of the molecular structure of lignin-based polyoxyethylene ether on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and kinetics of lignocelluloses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 193:266-273. [PMID: 26141287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Effect of the molecular structure of lignin-based polyoxyethylene ether (EHL-PEG) on enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel and corn stover was investigated. With the increase of PEG contents and molecular weight of EHL-PEG, glucose yield of corn stover increased. EHL-PEG enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover significantly at buffer pH 4.8-5.5. Glucose yield of corn stover at 20% solid content increased from 32.8% to 63.8% by adding EHL-PEG, while that with PEG4600 was 54.2%. Effect of EHL-PEG on enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics of cellulose film was studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). An enhancing mechanism of EHL-PEG on enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics of cellulose was proposed. Cellulase aggregates dispersed by EHL-PEG excavated extensive cavities into the surface of cellulose film, making the film become more loose and exposed. After the maximum enzymatic hydrolysis rate, the film was mainly peeled off layer by layer until equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duming Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningxin Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingsong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Sørensen TH, Cruys-Bagger N, Windahl MS, Badino SF, Borch K, Westh P. Temperature Effects on Kinetic Parameters and Substrate Affinity of Cel7A Cellobiohydrolases. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:22193-202. [PMID: 26183777 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.658930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured hydrolytic rates of four purified cellulases in small increments of temperature (10-50 °C) and substrate loads (0-100 g/liter) and analyzed the data by a steady state kinetic model that accounts for the processive mechanism. We used wild type cellobiohydrolases (Cel7A) from mesophilic Hypocrea jecorina and thermophilic Rasamsonia emersonii and two variants of these enzymes designed to elucidate the role of the carbohydrate binding module (CBM). We consistently found that the maximal rate increased strongly with temperature, whereas the affinity for the insoluble substrate decreased, and as a result, the effect of temperature depended strongly on the substrate load. Thus, temperature had little or no effect on the hydrolytic rate in dilute substrate suspensions, whereas strong temperature activation (Q10 values up to 2.6) was observed at saturating substrate loads. The CBM had a dual effect on the activity. On one hand, it diminished the tendency of heat-induced desorption, but on the other hand, it had a pronounced negative effect on the maximal rate, which was 2-fold larger in variants without CBM throughout the investigated temperature range. We conclude that although the CBM is beneficial for affinity it slows down the catalytic process. Cel7A from the thermophilic organism was moderately more activated by temperature than the mesophilic analog. This is in accord with general theories on enzyme temperature adaptation and possibly relevant information for the selection of technical cellulases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Holst Sørensen
- From Roskilde University, Nature, Systems, and Models, Research Unit for Functional Biomaterials, 1 Universitetsvej, Building 28, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark and
| | - Nicolaj Cruys-Bagger
- From Roskilde University, Nature, Systems, and Models, Research Unit for Functional Biomaterials, 1 Universitetsvej, Building 28, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark and
| | - Michael Skovbo Windahl
- From Roskilde University, Nature, Systems, and Models, Research Unit for Functional Biomaterials, 1 Universitetsvej, Building 28, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark and Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Silke Flindt Badino
- From Roskilde University, Nature, Systems, and Models, Research Unit for Functional Biomaterials, 1 Universitetsvej, Building 28, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark and Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Kim Borch
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Peter Westh
- From Roskilde University, Nature, Systems, and Models, Research Unit for Functional Biomaterials, 1 Universitetsvej, Building 28, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark and
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12
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Pelton R. Polyvinylamine: a tool for engineering interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:15373-15382. [PMID: 24963533 DOI: 10.1021/la5017214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With the highest content of primary amine functional groups of any polymer, polyvinylamine (PVAm) is a potent tool for the modification of macroscopic and nanoparticle surfaces. Based on the free radical polymerization and subsequent hydrolysis of N-vinylformamide, PVAm is prepared as linear polymers (0.8 kDa to >1 MDa), microgels, macrogels, and copolymers. The amine groups serve as reaction sites for grafting PVAm to surfaces and for the preparation of derivatives. Coupling low-molecular-weight molecules and oligomers gives PVAm-X, where X includes hydrophobes, carbohydrate oligomers, proteins, TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy), phenylboronic acids, and fluorocarbons. This contribution highlights the use of PVAm and PVAm-X to modify solid surface properties. Where possible, the PVAm properties and applications as an interfacial agent are compared to those of linear polyethylenimine, polyallylamine, and chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pelton
- Department of Chemical Engineering JHE-136, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7
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13
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Cerclier CV, Guyomard-Lack A, Cousin F, Jean B, Bonnin E, Cathala B, Moreau C. Xyloglucan–Cellulose Nanocrystal Multilayered Films: Effect of Film Architecture on Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3599-609. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400967e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole V. Cerclier
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | | | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire
Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Jean
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Cathala
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Céline Moreau
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
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14
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Wang C, Kittle JD, Qian C, Roman M, Esker AR. Chitinase Activity on Amorphous Chitin Thin Films: A Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring and Atomic Force Microscopy Study. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2622-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4004833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Joshua D. Kittle
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chen Qian
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maren Roman
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alan R. Esker
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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15
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Kumagai A, Lee SH, Endo T. Thin film of lignocellulosic nanofibrils with different chemical composition for QCM-D study. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2420-6. [PMID: 23721319 DOI: 10.1021/bm400553s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thin films of lignocellulosic nanofibrils (LCNFs) with different chemical compositions were prepared for real-time observation of their enzymatic adsorption and degradation behavior by using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). LCNFs were obtained by disk milling followed by high-pressure homogenization of Hinoki cypress. The lignin contents were adjusted by the sodium chlorite treatment. The film thickness was adjusted by controlling the concentration of the LCNF suspension, which was determined from its proportional relationship to the UV absorbance of lignin. The enzymatic degradation behavior was investigated with a commercial enzyme mixture. The results of the QCM-D showed that changes in frequency and dissipation in the initial reaction stage were different from the typical changes reported for pure cellulose. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the preparation of thin films of LCNFs with high lignin and hemicellulose contents and their application in a QCM-D study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kumagai
- Biomass Refinery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
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16
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Bouchet-Spinelli A, Reuillard B, Coche-Guérente L, Armand S, Labbé P, Fort S. Oligosaccharide biosensor for direct monitoring of enzymatic activities using QCM-D. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 49:290-6. [PMID: 23774166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic modification of saccharidic biomass is a subject of intensive research with potential applications in plant or human health, design of biomaterials and biofuel production. Bioengineering and metagenomics provide access to libraries of glycoside hydrolases but the biochemical characterization of these enzymes remains challenging, requiring fastidious colorimetric tests in discontinuous assays. Here, we describe a highly sensitive carbohydrate biosensor for the detection and characterization of glycoside hydrolases. Immobilization of oligosaccharides was achieved using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition of maltoheptaose-modified probes onto self-assembled monolayers bearing azide reactive groups. This biosensor allowed detection of glycoside hydrolase activities at the picomolar level using quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). To our knowledge, this protocol provides the best performance to date for the detection of glycoside hydrolase activities. For each enzyme tested, we could determine the kinetic constant from the QCM-D data, and derive conclusions that correlated well with those of standard colorimetric tests. This opens the way to a new generation of rapid and direct tests characterizing functionally carbohydrate-active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bouchet-Spinelli
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université de Grenoble, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
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17
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Garcia-Ubasart J, Vidal T, Torres AL, Rojas OJ. Laccase-Mediated Coupling of Nonpolar Chains for the Hydrophobization of Lignocellulose. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1637-44. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400291s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Garcia-Ubasart
- Textile and Paper
Engineering
Department, ETSEIAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Teresa Vidal
- Textile and Paper
Engineering
Department, ETSEIAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Torres
- Textile and Paper
Engineering
Department, ETSEIAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Departments of Forest Biomaterials
and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005,
United States
- School of Science
and Technology,
Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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18
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Jiang F, Kittle JD, Tan X, Esker AR, Roman M. Effects of sulfate groups on the adsorption and activity of cellulases on cellulose substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:3280-91. [PMID: 23452241 DOI: 10.1021/la3040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with sulfuric acid may leave sulfate groups on its surface that may hinder its biochemical conversion. This study investigates the effects of sulfate groups on cellulase adsorption onto cellulose substrates and the enzymatic hydrolysis of these substrates. Substrates with different sulfate group densities were prepared from H2SO4- and HCl-hydrolyzed and partially and fully desulfated cellulose nanocrystals. Adsorption onto and hydrolysis of the substrates was analyzed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The surface roughness of the substrates, measured by atomic force microscopy, increased with decreasing sulfate group density, but their surface accessibilities, measured by QCM-D H2O/D2O exchange experiments, were similar. The adsorption of cellulose binding domains onto sulfated substrates decreased with increasing sulfate group density, but the adsorption of cellulases increased. The rate of hydrolysis of sulfated substrates decreased with increasing sulfate group density. The results indicated an inhibitory effect of sulfate groups on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, possibly due to nonproductive binding of the cellulases onto the substrates through electrostatic interactions instead of their cellulose binding domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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19
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Gazit OM, Katz A. Understanding the Role of Defect Sites in Glucan Hydrolysis on Surfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4398-402. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311918z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oz M. Gazit
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United
States
| | - Alexander Katz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United
States
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20
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Maurer S, Brady N, Fajardo N, Radke C. Surface kinetics for cooperative fungal cellulase digestion of cellulose from quartz crystal microgravimetry. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 394:498-508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Maurer SA, Bedbrook CN, Radke CJ. Competitive sorption kinetics of inhibited endo- and exoglucanases on a model cellulose substrate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14598-608. [PMID: 22966968 DOI: 10.1021/la3024524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, the competitive adsorption of inhibited cellobiohydrolase I (Cel7A, an exoglucanase) and endoglucanase I (Cel7B) from T. longibrachiatum is studied on cellulose. Using quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM), sorption histories are measured for individual types of cellulases and their mixtures adsorbing to and desorbing from a model cellulose surface. We find that Cel7A has a higher adsorptive affinity for cellulose than does Cel7B. The adsorption of both cellulases becomes irreversible on time scales of 30-60 min, which are much shorter than those typically used for industrial cellulose hydrolysis. A multicomponent Langmuir kinetic model including first-order irreversible binding is proposed. Although adsorption and desorption rate constants differ between the two enzymes, the rate at which each surface enzyme irreversibly binds is identical. Because of the higher affinity of Cel7A for the cellulose surface, when Cel7A and Cel7B compete for surface sites, a significantly higher bulk concentration of Cel7B is required to achieve comparable surface enzyme concentrations. Because cellulose deconstruction benefits significantly from the cooperative activity of endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases on the cellulose surface, accounting for competitive adsorption is crucial to developing effective cellulase mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Maurer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, USA
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22
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Maurer SA, Bedbrook CN, Radke CJ. Cellulase Adsorption and Reactivity on a Cellulose Surface from Flow Ellipsometry. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie3008538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Maurer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - C. N. Bedbrook
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - C. J. Radke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
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23
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Mohan T, Kargl R, Doliška A, Ehmann HMA, Ribitsch V, Stana-Kleinschek K. Enzymatic digestion of partially and fully regenerated cellulose model films from trimethylsilyl cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 93:191-8. [PMID: 23465919 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Partially and fully regenerated cellulose model films from trimethylsilyl cellulose (TMSC) were prepared by a time dependent regeneration approach. These thin films were characterized with contact angle measurements and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). In order to get further insights into the completeness of the regeneration we studied the interaction of cellulase enzymes from Trichoderma viride with the cellulose films using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). To support the results from the QCM-D experiments capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were applied. The changes in mass and energy dissipation due to the interaction of the enzymes with the substrates were correlated with the surface wettability and elemental composition of the regenerated films. The highest interaction activity between the films and the enzyme, as well as the highest cellulose degradation, was observed on fully regenerated cellulose films, but some degradation also occurred on pure TMSC films. The enzymatic degradation rate correlated well with the rate of regeneration. It was demonstrated that CZE can be used to support QCM-D data via the detection of enzyme hydrolysis products in the eluates of the QCM-D cells. Glucose release peaked at the same time as the maximum mass loss was detected via QCM-D. It was shown that a combination of QCM-D and CZE together with enzymatic digestion is a reliable method to determine the conversion rate of TMSC to cellulose. In addition QCM-D and AFM revealed that cellulase is irreversibly bound to hydrophobic TMSC surfaces, while pure cellulose is digested almost completely in the course of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilselvan Mohan
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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24
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A Fractal-Like Kinetic Equation to Investigate Temperature Effect on Cellulose Hydrolysis by Free and Immobilized Cellulase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 168:144-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Suchy M, Linder MB, Tammelin T, Campbell JM, Vuorinen T, Kontturi E. Quantitative assessment of the enzymatic degradation of amorphous cellulose by using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8819-28. [PMID: 21699170 DOI: 10.1021/la2014418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The systematic evaluation of the degradation of an amorphous cellulose film by a monocomponent endoglucanase (EG I) by using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) identified several important aspects relevant to the study the kinetics of cellulose degradation by enzymes. It was demonstrated that, to properly evaluate the mechanism of action, steady state conditions in the experimental set up need to be reached. Rinsing or diluting the enzyme, as well as concentration of the enzyme, can have a pronounced effect on the hydrolysis. Quantification of the actual hydrolysis was carried out by measuring the film thickness reduction by atomic force microscopy after the enzymatic treatment. The values correlated well with the frequency data obtained by QCM-D measurement for corresponding films. This demonstrated that the evaluation of hydrolysis by QCM-D can be done quantitatively. Tuning of the initial thickness of films enabled variation of the volume of substrate available for hydrolysis which was then utilized in establishing a correlation between substrate volume and hydrolytic activity of EG I as measured by QCM-D. It was shown that, although the amount of substrate affects the absolute rate of hydrolysis, the relative rate of hydrolysis does not depend on the initial amount of substrate in steady state system. With this experimental setup it was also possible to demonstrate the impact of concentration on crowding of enzyme and subsequent hydrolysis efficiency. This effort also shows the action of EG I on a fully amorphous substrate as observed by QCM-D. The enzyme was shown to work uniformly within the whole volume of swollen film, however being unable to fully degrade the amorphous film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miro Suchy
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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26
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Becker B, Cooper MA. A survey of the 2006-2009 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2011; 24:754-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Moran-Mirabal JM, Bolewski JC, Walker LP. Reversibility and binding kinetics of Thermobifida fusca cellulases studied through fluorescence recovery after photobleaching microscopy. Biophys Chem 2011; 155:20-8. [PMID: 21396764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases are enzymes capable of depolymerizing cellulose. Understanding their interactions with cellulose can improve biomass saccharification and enzyme recycling in biofuel production. This paper presents a study on binding and binding reversibility of Thermobifida fusca cellulases Cel5A, Cel6B, and Cel9A bound onto Bacterial Microcrystalline Cellulose. Cellulase binding was assessed through fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) at 23, 34, and 45 °C. It was found that cellulase binding is only partially reversible. For processive cellulases Cel6B and Cel9A, an increase in temperature resulted in a decrease of the fraction of cellulases reversibly bound, while for endocellulase Cel5A this fraction remained constant. Kinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the FRAP curves to a binding-dominated model. The unbinding rate constants obtained for all temperatures were highest for Cel5A and lowest for Cel9A. The results presented demonstrate the usefulness of FRAP to access the fast binding kinetics characteristic of cellulases operating at their optimal temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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28
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Hu G, Heitmann JA, Rojas OJ, Pawlak JJ, Argyropoulos DS. Monitoring Cellulase Protein Adsorption and Recovery Using SDS-PAGE. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100731b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Hu
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh NC 27695-8005, and Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3320, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland
| | - John A. Heitmann
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh NC 27695-8005, and Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3320, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh NC 27695-8005, and Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3320, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland
| | - Joel J. Pawlak
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh NC 27695-8005, and Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3320, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland
| | - Dimitris S. Argyropoulos
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh NC 27695-8005, and Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3320, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland
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