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Aluru NR, Aydin F, Bazant MZ, Blankschtein D, Brozena AH, de Souza JP, Elimelech M, Faucher S, Fourkas JT, Koman VB, Kuehne M, Kulik HJ, Li HK, Li Y, Li Z, Majumdar A, Martis J, Misra RP, Noy A, Pham TA, Qu H, Rayabharam A, Reed MA, Ritt CL, Schwegler E, Siwy Z, Strano MS, Wang Y, Yao YC, Zhan C, Zhang Z. Fluids and Electrolytes under Confinement in Single-Digit Nanopores. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2737-2831. [PMID: 36898130 PMCID: PMC10037271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Confined fluids and electrolyte solutions in nanopores exhibit rich and surprising physics and chemistry that impact the mass transport and energy efficiency in many important natural systems and industrial applications. Existing theories often fail to predict the exotic effects observed in the narrowest of such pores, called single-digit nanopores (SDNs), which have diameters or conduit widths of less than 10 nm, and have only recently become accessible for experimental measurements. What SDNs reveal has been surprising, including a rapidly increasing number of examples such as extraordinarily fast water transport, distorted fluid-phase boundaries, strong ion-correlation and quantum effects, and dielectric anomalies that are not observed in larger pores. Exploiting these effects presents myriad opportunities in both basic and applied research that stand to impact a host of new technologies at the water-energy nexus, from new membranes for precise separations and water purification to new gas permeable materials for water electrolyzers and energy-storage devices. SDNs also present unique opportunities to achieve ultrasensitive and selective chemical sensing at the single-ion and single-molecule limit. In this review article, we summarize the progress on nanofluidics of SDNs, with a focus on the confinement effects that arise in these extremely narrow nanopores. The recent development of precision model systems, transformative experimental tools, and multiscale theories that have played enabling roles in advancing this frontier are reviewed. We also identify new knowledge gaps in our understanding of nanofluidic transport and provide an outlook for the future challenges and opportunities at this rapidly advancing frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana R Aluru
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712TexasUnited States
| | - Fikret Aydin
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Alexandra H Brozena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - J Pedro de Souza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8286, United States
| | - Samuel Faucher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - John T Fourkas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Matthias Kuehne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Hao-Kun Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Yuhao Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Arun Majumdar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Joel Martis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Rahul Prasanna Misra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Aleksandr Noy
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California95344, United States
| | - Tuan Anh Pham
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Haoran Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Archith Rayabharam
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712TexasUnited States
| | - Mark A Reed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, 15 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut06520, United States
| | - Cody L Ritt
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8286, United States
| | - Eric Schwegler
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Zuzanna Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine92697, United States
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - YuHuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Yun-Chiao Yao
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California95344, United States
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
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Delor M, McCarthy DG, Cotts BL, Roberts TD, Noriega R, Devore DD, Mukhopadhyay S, De Vries TS, Ginsberg NS. Resolving and Controlling Photoinduced Ultrafast Solvation in the Solid State. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4183-4190. [PMID: 28829138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state solvation (SSS) is a solid-state analogue of solvent-solute interactions in the liquid state. Although it could enable exceptionally fine control over the energetic properties of solid-state devices, its molecular mechanisms have remained largely unexplored. We use ultrafast transient absorption and optical Kerr effect spectroscopies to independently track and correlate both the excited-state dynamics of an organic emitter and the polarization anisotropy relaxation of a small polar dopant embedded in an amorphous polystyrene matrix. The results demonstrate that the dopants are able to rotationally reorient on ultrafast time scales following light-induced changes in the electronic configuration of the emitter, minimizing the system energy. The solid-state dopant-emitter dynamics are intrinsically analogous to liquid-state solvent-solute interactions. In addition, tuning the dopant/polymer pore ratio offers control over solvation dynamics by exploiting molecular-scale confinement of the dopants by the polymer matrix. Our findings will enable refined strategies for tuning optoelectronic material properties using SSS and offer new strategies to investigate mobility and disorder in heterogeneous solid and glassy materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David D Devore
- The Dow Chemical Company , Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | | | | | - Naomi S Ginsberg
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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3
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Milischuk AA, Ladanyi BM. Polarizability Anisotropy Relaxation in Nanoconfinement: Molecular Simulation Study of Acetonitrile in Silica Pores. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15729-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4064615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoli A. Milischuk
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Branka M. Ladanyi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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Vartia AA, Thompson WH. Solvation and Spectra of a Charge Transfer Solute in Ethanol Confined within Nanoscale Silica Pores. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5414-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210737c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony A. Vartia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Ward H. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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5
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Milischuk AA, Ladanyi BM. Structure and dynamics of water confined in silica nanopores. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:174709. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3657408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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6
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Smith NA, Meech SR. Optically-heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE): Applications in condensed phase dynamics. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350110092701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Elola MD, Rodriguez J, Laria D. Structure and dynamics of liquid methanol confined within functionalized silica nanopores. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:154707. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3503886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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8
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Slipchenko MN, Prince BD, Ducatman SC, Stauffer HU. Development of a Simultaneously Frequency- and Time-Resolved Raman-Induced Kerr Effect Probe. J Phys Chem A 2008; 113:135-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804283s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hans U. Stauffer
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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9
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Zhong Q, Fourkas JT. Optical Kerr Effect Spectroscopy of Simple Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:15529-39. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807730u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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10
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Portuondo-Campa E, Tortschanoff A, van Mourik F, Chergui M. Liquid dynamics in ZrO2 nanoporous films. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Hunt NT, Turner AR, Wynne K. Inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in phenol derivatives: a model system for poly-L-tyrosine. J Phys Chem B 2007; 109:19008-17. [PMID: 16853447 DOI: 10.1021/jp052964o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ultrafast dynamics of solutions of phenol and two phenol derivatives--hydroquinone (1,4-benzenediol) and pyrocatechol (1,2-benzenediol)--have been studied with Optically Heterodyne-Detected Optical Kerr-Effect (OHD-OKE) spectroscopy. The solvents, methanol and acetonitrile, were selected to provide strong and weak solvent-solute hydrogen-bonding interactions, respectively, while pyrocatechol features an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Together these provide a series of model systems for polypeptides such as polytyrosine, which facilitate the direct study of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. A broad contribution to the Raman spectral density of the methanol solutions at frequencies between 150 and 300 cm(-1) has been observed that is absent in acetonitrile. This contribution has been assigned to solvent-solute hydrogen-bond stretching vibrations. The OHD-OKE response of poly-L-tyrosine has been measured and was found to contain a similar contribution. Density functional theory geometry optimizations and normal mode calculations have been performed using the B3LYP hybrid functional and 6-311++G** basis set. These have yielded a complete assignment of the low-frequency Raman and far-infrared spectra of pyrocatechol for the first time, which has provided information on the nature of the intramolecular hydrogen bond of pyrocatechol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Hunt
- Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NG, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Hunt NT, Turner AR, Tanaka H, Wynne K. The Ultrafast Dynamics of Hydrogen-Bonded Liquids: Molecular Structure-Dependent Occurrence of Normal Arrhenius or Fractional Stokes−Einstein−Debye Rotational Diffusive Relaxation. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:9634-43. [PMID: 17645327 DOI: 10.1021/jp072409h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The ultrafast rotational-diffusive dynamics of the peptide linkage model compounds N-methylacetamide (NMA), acetamide (Ac), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) have been studied as a function of temperature using optically heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) spectroscopy. Both NMA and Ac exhibit a non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the rotational diffusive relaxation time. By contrast, the non-hydrogen-bonding DMA exhibits normal hydrodynamic behavior. The unusual dynamics of NMA and Ac are attributed to the decoupling of single-molecule rotational diffusive relaxation from the shear viscosity via a transition between stick and slip boundary conditions, which arises from local heterogeneity in the liquid due to the formation of hydrogen-bonded chains or clusters. This provides new insight into the structure and dynamics of an important peptide model compound and the first instance of such a phenomenon in a room-temperature liquid. The OHD-OKE responses of carboxylic acids acetic acid (AcOH) and dichloroacetic acid (DCA) are also reported. These, along with the terahertz Raman spectra, show no evidence of the effects observed in amide systems, but display trends consistent with the presence of an equilibrium between the linear and cyclic dimer structures at all temperatures and moderate-to-high mole fractions in aqueous solution. This equilibrium manifests itself as hydrodynamic behavior in the liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Hunt
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Hunt NT, Kattner L, Shanks RP, Wynne K. The dynamics of water-protein interaction studied by ultrafast optical Kerr-effect spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:3168-72. [PMID: 17315992 DOI: 10.1021/ja066289n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the ultrafast dynamics and terahertz Raman spectrum accompanying a helix-to-coil transition of a homo-polypeptide have been observed for the first time. Formation of the alpha-helix is associated with a shift to lower frequency of a broad Raman band attributable to solvent-peptide intermolecular hydrogen bonding. This band facilitates direct spectroscopic observation of so-called hydration water near a peptide and yields the first quantitative estimate of the time scale of the ultrafast dynamics in the solvation shell, which range from 0.18 to 0.33 ps (185-100 cm(-1)) depending on the secondary structure of the peptide. Such fast motions of solvent molecules have been referred to as the "lubricant of life" and are thought to play key roles in determining structure and activity of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Hunt
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Meech SR. Ultrafast dynamics in complex fluids observed through the ultrafast optically-heterodyne-detected optical-Kerr-effect (OHD-OKE). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:2167-80. [PMID: 17487314 DOI: 10.1039/b616078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast molecular dynamics of complex fluids have been recorded using the optically-heterodyne-detected optical-Kerr-effect (OHD-OKE). The OHD-OKE method is reviewed and some recent refinements to the method are described. Applications to a range of complex fluids, including microemulsions, polymer melts and solutions, liquid crystal and ionic liquids are surveyed. The level of detail attainable with the OHD-OKE method in these complex fluids is discussed. The prospects for future experiments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Hunt
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK NR4 7TJ
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15
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Xiao D, Rajian JR, Li S, Bartsch RA, Quitevis EL. Additivity in the Optical Kerr Effect Spectra of Binary Ionic Liquid Mixtures: Implications for Nanostructural Organization. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:16174-8. [PMID: 16913736 DOI: 10.1021/jp063740o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency spectra of binary room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) mixtures of 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in the 0-250 cm(-1) region were studied as a function of mole fraction at 295 K. The spectra were obtained by use of optical heterodyne-detected Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy (OHD-RIKES). The spectra of these binary mixtures are well described by the weighted sums of the spectra for the neat RTILs. This surprising result implies that the intermolecular modes giving rise to the spectra of the neat liquids must also produce the spectra of the mixtures. Additivity of the OKE spectra can be explained by a model in which locally ordered domains are assumed to exist in the neat liquid with the structures of these locally ordered domains preserved upon mixing. Recently published molecular dynamics simulations show that RTILs are nanostructurally organized with ionic networks and nonpolar regions. If ionic networks also exist in the mixture, the additivity of the OKE spectra implies that there are "blocks" along the network of the mixture that are ordered in the same way as in the neat liquids. These "block co-networks" would have a nanostructural organization resembling that of a block copolymer.
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16
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Yamaguchi A, Yoda T, Suzuki S, Morita K, Teramae N. Diffusivities of Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium inside Silica-Nanochannels Modified with Alkylsilanes. ANAL SCI 2006; 22:1501-7. [PMID: 17159306 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The apparent diffusion coefficients of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium ([Ru(bpy(3))](2+)) are estimated in silica-nanochannels which are assembled inside columnar alumina pores in an anodic alumina membrane, and are modified with alkylsilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane (C1), butyldimethylchlorosilane (C4), and dodecyldimethylchlorosilane (C12). The estimation is performed by observing the lag-time, which is defined as the time required for [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) to diffuse through alkylsilane-modified silica-nanochannels in the alumina membrane. When ethanol is used as a solvent, the apparent diffusion coefficients of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) are estimated as 2.1 x 10(-10) and 3.2 x 10(-10) cm(2) s(-1) in the C1- and C4-modified silica-nanochannels, respectively. These values are about 10(4) times smaller than that obtained in bulk ethanol. Based on the experimental results on the solvent dependency of the lag-time, the hydrogen-bonding interaction between ethanol molecules is considered to be stronger in the C1- and C4-modified silica-nanochannels than in bulk ethanol, and the hydrogen-bonding interaction plays a critical role for the slow diffusivity in those nanochannels. In contrast, the apparent diffusion coefficient in the C12-modified silica-nanochannel is at least two orders of magnitude larger than those in the C1- and C4-modified silica-nanochannels. This relatively fast diffusion is most likely explained by the presence of a long alkyl chain of C12, which reduces a hindrance effect that is originates in the hydrogen-bonding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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17
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Zhu X, Farrer RA, Fourkas JT. Ultrafast Orientational Dynamics of Nanoconfined Benzene. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:12724-30. [PMID: 16852576 DOI: 10.1021/jp051384o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast optical Kerr effect spectroscopy has been used to study the orientational dynamics of benzene and benzene-d(6) confined in nanoporous sol-gel glass monoliths with a range of average pore sizes. All of the observed orientational diffusion of confined benzene is found to occur on a slower time scale than in the bulk, even in pores with diameters that are significantly larger than a benzene molecule. The orientational dynamics of benzene-d(6) are found to be inhibited to a lesser extent than those of benzene, which is attributed to the differences in wetting properties of the two liquids on silica. The decays are fit well by a sum of two exponentials, the faster of which depends on pore size. Similar results are found in pores that have been modified with trimethylsilyl groups, although the relaxation is faster than in unmodified pores. Comparison to Raman line width data for confined benzene-d(6) suggests that the liquid exhibits significant structuring at the pore walls, with the benzene molecules lying flat on the surfaces of unmodified pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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18
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Hunt NT, Meech SR. Ultrafast dynamics of polybutadiene probed by optically heterodyne-detected optical-Kerr-effect spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lenchenkov VA, She C, Lian T. Solvation Induced Vibrational Peak Shift of a Re Bipyridyl Complex in Solution and at the Nanoporous ZrO2/Liquid Interface. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0478763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor A. Lenchenkov
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Chunxing She
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Shirota H, Segawa H. Solvation dynamics of formamide and N,N-dimethylformamide in aerosol OT reverse micelles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:329-335. [PMID: 15743074 DOI: 10.1021/la030161r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The solvation dynamics of formamide and N,N-dimethylformamide in Aerosol OT reverse micelles has been investigated in this work. The solvation dynamics of formamide and N,N-dimethylformamide in the reverse micelles is more than 100 times slower than that of the pure solvents. The solvation dynamics of formamide in the reverse micelle solution depends strongly on the molar ratio between formamide and Aerosol OT (w = [polar solvent]/[Aerosol OT]), but that of N,N-dimethylformamide in the reverse micelle solution shows a tiny w dependence. We have estimated the interaction energies of the geometry-optimized clusters of a simple model of the Aerosol OT polar headgroup (CH3SO3-) and formamide or N,N-dimethylformamide by ab initio calculations (the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory) to find their interactions. The interaction energies of the mimic clusters estimated by the ab initio calculations and the features of the slow solvation dynamics and w dependence in formamide and N,N-dimethylformamide reverse micelles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Shirota
- Department of General Systems Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Hellman A, Meech SR. Ultrafast Dynamics of Styrene Microemulsions, Polystyrene Nanolatexes, and Structural Analogues of Polystyrene. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035624g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil T. Hunt
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Jaye
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Hellman
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Meech
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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Farrer RA, Fourkas JT. Orientational dynamics of liquids confined in nanoporous sol-gel glasses studied by optical kerr effect spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2003; 36:605-12. [PMID: 12924957 DOI: 10.1021/ar0200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When a liquid is restricted to volumes on a molecular distance scale, its orientational and translational dynamics are perturbed strongly by the confinement. Nanoporous sol-gel glasses are an excellent model system for studying the effects of confinement on the behavior of liquids, and in this Account we review experiments in which ultrafast optical Kerr effect spectroscopy has been used to study the orientational dynamics of liquids confined in these media. We contrast the effects of confinement on the orientational dynamics of weakly wetting, strongly wetting, and networked liquids, and we discuss the influence of factors such as pore size, molecular shape, and surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Farrer
- Eugene F Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Meech SR. Ultrafast Dynamics in Microemulsions: Optical Kerr Effect Study of the Dispersed Oil Phase in a Carbon Disulfide−Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide−Water Microemulsion. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022301w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil T. Hunt
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Andrew A. Jaye
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Stephen R. Meech
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
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Baumann R, Ferrante C, Kneuper E, Deeg FW, Bräuchle C. Influence of Confinement on the Solvation and Rotational Dynamics of Coumarin 153 in Ethanol. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp027172y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Baumann
- Department Chemie, Bereich Physikalische Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department Chemie, Bereich Physikalische Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Erwin Kneuper
- Department Chemie, Bereich Physikalische Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Fred-Walter Deeg
- Department Chemie, Bereich Physikalische Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department Chemie, Bereich Physikalische Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
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Scodinu A, Farrer RA, Fourkas JT. Direct Observation of Different Mechanisms for the Inhibition of Molecular Reorientation at a Solid/Liquid Interface. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Scodinu
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Richard A. Farrer
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
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Shirota H, Castner EW. Ultrafast dynamics in aqueous polyacrylamide solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:12877-85. [PMID: 11749546 DOI: 10.1021/ja010290z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the ultrafast dynamics of aqueous polyacrylamide ([-CH(2)CH(CONH(2))-](n), or PAAm) solutions using femtosecond optical heterodyne-detected Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy (OHD-RIKES). The observed aqueous PAAm dynamics are nearly identical for both M(w) = 1500 and 10 000. Aqueous propionamide (CH(3)CH(2)CONH(2), or PrAm) solutions were also studied, because PrAm is an exact model for the PAAm constitutional repeat unit (CRU). The longest time scale dynamics observed for both aqueous PAAm and PrAm solutions occur in the 4-10 ps range. Over the range of concentrations from 0 to 40 wt %, the picosecond reorientation time constants for the aqueous PAAm and PrAm solutions scale linearly with the solution concentration, despite the fact that the solution shear viscosities vary exponentially from 1 to 264 cP. For a given value of solution concentration in weight percent, constant ratios of measured reorientation time constants for PAAm to PrAm are obtained. This ratio of PAAm to PrAm reorientation time constants is equal to the ratio of the volume for the PAAm constitutional repeat unit (-CH(2)CHCONH(2)-) to the molecular volume of PrAm. For these reasons, we assign the polymer reorientation dynamics to motions of the entire constitutional repeat unit, not only side group motions. Simple molecular dynamics simulations of H[-CH(2)CH(CONH(2))-](7)H in a periodic box with 180 water molecules support this assignment. Amide-amide and amide-water hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to strongly oscillatory femtosecond dynamics in the Kerr transients, peaking at 80, 410, and 750 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shirota
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8087, USA.
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Baumann R, Ferrante C, Deeg FW, Bräuchle C. Solvation dynamics of nile blue in ethanol confined in porous sol–gel glasses. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1309151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Loughnane BJ, Farrer RA, Scodinu A, Reilly T, Fourkas JT. Ultrafast Spectroscopic Studies of the Dynamics of Liquids Confined in Nanoporous Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp000323h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Loughnane
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Richard A. Farrer
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Alessandra Scodinu
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Thomas Reilly
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
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Loughnane BJ, Farrer RA, Scodinu A, Fourkas JT. Dynamics of a wetting liquid in nanopores: An optical Kerr effect study of the dynamics of acetonitrile confined in sol-gel glasses. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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31
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Idrissi A, Ricci M, Bartolini P, Righini R. Optical Kerr-effect investigation of the reorientational dynamics of CS2 in CCl4 solutions. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Loughnane BJ, Scodinu A, Fourkas JT. Extremely Slow Dynamics of a Weakly Wetting Liquid at a Solid/Liquid Interface: CS2 Confined in Nanoporous Glasses. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991176u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Loughnane
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Alessandra Scodinu
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
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Li WX, Keyes T. Temperature and density dependence of self-diffusion in supercooled liquid CS2. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kamada K, Ueda M, Ohta K, Wang Y, Ushida K, Tominaga Y. Molecular dynamics of thiophene homologues investigated by femtosecond optical Kerr effect and low frequency Raman scattering spectroscopies. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Loughnane BJ, Fourkas JT. Geometric Effects in the Dynamics of a Nonwetting Liquid in Microconfinement: An Optical Kerr Effect Study of Methyl Iodide in Nanporous Glasses. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9830169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Loughnane
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
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The intermolecular interaction mechanisms in liquid CS2 at 295 and 165 K probed with two-dimensional Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Loughnane BJ, Farrer RA, Fourkas JT. Evidence for the Direct Observation of Molecular Exchange of a Liquid at the Solid/Liquid Interface. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9810318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Loughnane
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167
| | - Richard A. Farrer
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167
| | - John T. Fourkas
- Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167
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