1
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López-Ortiz M, Zamora RA, Antinori ME, Remesh V, Hu C, Croce R, van Hulst NF, Gorostiza P. Fast Photo-Chrono-Amperometry of Photosynthetic Complexes for Biosensors and Electron Transport Studies. ACS Sens 2021; 6:581-587. [PMID: 33591733 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic reactions in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria are driven by photosystem I and photosystem II complexes, which specifically reduce or oxidize partner redox biomolecules. Photosynthetic complexes can also bind synthetic organic molecules, which inhibit their photoactivity and can be used both to study the electron transport chain and as herbicides and algicides. Thus, their development, characterization, and sensing bears fundamental and applied interest. Substantial efforts have been devoted to developing photosensors based on photosystem II to detect compounds that bind to the plastoquinone sites of this complex. In comparison, photosystem I based sensors have received less attention and could be used to identify novel substances displaying phytotoxic effects, including those obtained from natural product extracts. We have developed a robust procedure to functionalize gold electrodes with photo- and redox-active photosystem I complexes based on transparent gold and a thiolate self-assembled monolayer, and we have obtained reproducible electrochemical photoresponses. Chronoamperometric recordings have allowed us to measure photocurrents in the presence of the viologen derivative paraquat at concentrations below 100 nM under lock-in operation and a sensor dynamic range spanning six orders of magnitude up to 100 mM. We have modeled their time course to identify the main electrochemical processes and limiting steps in the electron transport chain. Our results allow us to isolate the contributions from photosystem I and the redox mediator, and evaluate photocurrent features (spectral and power dependence, fast transient kinetics) that could be used as a sensing signal to detect other inhibitors and modulators of photosystem I activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel López-Ortiz
- IBEC - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology. Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN - Network Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo A. Zamora
- IBEC - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology. Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN - Network Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Antinori
- IBEC - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology. Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vikas Remesh
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics , Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics , Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- IBEC - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology. Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN - Network Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Abstract
Transmembrane proteins involved in metabolic redox reactions and photosynthesis catalyse a plethora of key energy-conversion processes and are thus of great interest for bioelectrocatalysis-based applications. The development of membrane protein modified electrodes has made it possible to efficiently exchange electrons between proteins and electrodes, allowing mechanistic studies and potentially applications in biofuels generation and energy conversion. Here, we summarise the most common electrode modification and their characterisation techniques for membrane proteins involved in biofuels conversion and semi-artificial photosynthesis. We discuss the challenges of applications of membrane protein modified electrodes for bioelectrocatalysis and comment on emerging methods and future directions, including recent advances in membrane protein reconstitution strategies and the development of microbial electrosynthesis and whole-cell semi-artificial photosynthesis.
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3
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Herzallh NS, Cohen Y, Mukha D, Neumann E, Michaeli D, Nechushtai R, Yehezkeli O. Photosynthesis Z-Scheme biomimicry: Photosystem I/BiVO 4 photo-bioelectrochemical cell for donor-free bias-free electrical power generation. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112517. [PMID: 32889396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photo-bioelectrochemical cells that are based on photosynthetic proteins are drawing increased attention for both fundamental and applied research. While novel photosynthetic based systems have been introduced, further optimization in terms of stability and efficiency is required. Photosystem I has been utilized extensively in bioelectronic devices, often in conjugation with viologen moieties which act as electron acceptors. It has been shown previously that a partial reduction of oxygen to H2O2 can facilitate damage to proteins hence, limits their long-term activation. Here, we show a newly developed bias-free, donor-free photo-bioelectrochemical system that mimics the natural photosynthetic Z-scheme. Polymethylene blue and polybutyl-viologen were tailored to fit the photosystem I donor and acceptor sides, respectively. Furthermore, we show that by coupling the developed biocathode with a BiVO4/CoP photoanode, a power output of 25 μW/cm2 can be achieved. We further show that our configuration can minimize the damaging effect of H2O2 by two different pathways, oxidation at the photoanode or reduction by the polymethylene blue layer at the biocathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidaa Shrara Herzallh
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yifat Cohen
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Dina Mukha
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Ehud Neumann
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Dorit Michaeli
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Omer Yehezkeli
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel; Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel; The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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4
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Chen H, Dong F, Minteer SD. The progress and outlook of bioelectrocatalysis for the production of chemicals, fuels and materials. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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5
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López‐Martínez M, López‐Ortiz M, Antinori ME, Wientjes E, Nin‐Hill A, Rovira C, Croce R, Díez‐Pérez I, Gorostiza P. Electrochemically Gated Long‐Distance Charge Transport in Photosystem I. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montse López‐Martínez
- Department of Material Science and Physical ChemistryUniversity of Barcelona Martí i Franquès, 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 10–12 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) 28029 Madrid Spain
- Present address: Institut für Angewandte PhysikTU Wien Vienna Austria
| | - Manuel López‐Ortiz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 10–12 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Elena Antinori
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 10–12 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Present address: Smart Materials, NanophysicsIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genova Italy
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of BiophysicsWageningen University 6700 ET Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Alba Nin‐Hill
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department & Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB)University of Barcelona (UB) Martí i Franquès, 1 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Carme Rovira
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department & Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB)University of Barcelona (UB) Martí i Franquès, 1 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) 08010 Barcelona Spain
| | - Roberta Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis. Dep. Physics and AstronomyFaculty of SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1081 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ismael Díez‐Pérez
- Department of Material Science and Physical ChemistryUniversity of Barcelona Martí i Franquès, 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Present address: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical SciencesKing's College London London UK
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 10–12 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) 28029 Madrid Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) 08010 Barcelona Spain
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6
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López-Martínez M, López-Ortiz M, Antinori ME, Wientjes E, Nin-Hill A, Rovira C, Croce R, Díez-Pérez I, Gorostiza P. Electrochemically Gated Long-Distance Charge Transport in Photosystem I. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13280-13284. [PMID: 31310425 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The transport of electrons along photosynthetic and respiratory chains involves a series of enzymatic reactions that are coupled through redox mediators, including proteins and small molecules. The use of native and synthetic redox probes is key to understanding charge transport mechanisms and to the design of bioelectronic sensors and solar energy conversion devices. However, redox probes have limited tunability to exchange charge at the desired electrochemical potentials (energy levels) and at different protein sites. Herein, we take advantage of electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM) to control the Fermi level and nanometric position of the ECSTM probe in order to study electron transport in individual photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Current-distance measurements at different potentiostatic conditions indicate that PSI supports long-distance transport that is electrochemically gated near the redox potential of P700, with current extending farther under hole injection conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse López-Martínez
- Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Present address: Institut für Angewandte Physik, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel López-Ortiz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Antinori
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Present address: Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alba Nin-Hill
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department & Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès, 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Carme Rovira
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department & Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès, 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberta Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis. Dep. Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ismael Díez-Pérez
- Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Exploiting new ways for a more efficient orientation and wiring of PSI to electrodes: A fullerene C70 approach. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Feifel SC, Stieger KR, Hejazi M, Wang X, Ilbert M, Zouni A, Lojou E, Lisdat F. Dihemic c4-type cytochrome acting as a surrogate electron conduit: Artificially interconnecting a photosystem I supercomplex with electrodes. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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9
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Pamu R, Sandireddy VP, Kalyanaraman R, Khomami B, Mukherjee D. Plasmon-Enhanced Photocurrent from Photosystem I Assembled on Ag Nanopyramids. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:970-977. [PMID: 29405719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic metal nanostructures have been known to tune optoelectronic properties of fluorophores. Here, we report the first-ever experimental observation of plasmon-induced photocurrent enhancements from Photosystem I (PSI) immobilized on Fischer patterns of silver nanopyramids (Ag-NP). To this end, the plasmonic peaks of Ag-NP were tuned to match the PSI absorption peaks at ∼450 and ∼680 nm wavelengths. Specifically, the plasmon-enhanced photocurrents indicate enhancement factors of ∼6.5 and ∼5.8 as compared to PSI assembly on planar Ag substrates for nominal excitation wavelengths of 660 and 470 nm, respectively. The comparable enhancement factors from both 470 and 660 nm excitations, in spite of a significantly weaker plasmon absorption peak at ∼450 nm for the Ag-NP structures, can be rationalized by previously reported excessive plasmon-induced fluorescence emission losses from PSI in the red region as compared to the blue region of the excitation wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pamu
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering; ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; §Department of Material Science and Engineering; ∥Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3); ⊥Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - V Prasad Sandireddy
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering; ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; §Department of Material Science and Engineering; ∥Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3); ⊥Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ramki Kalyanaraman
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering; ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; §Department of Material Science and Engineering; ∥Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3); ⊥Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering; ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; §Department of Material Science and Engineering; ∥Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3); ⊥Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dibyendu Mukherjee
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering; ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; §Department of Material Science and Engineering; ∥Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3); ⊥Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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10
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Chinwangso P, Lee HJ, Jamison AC, Marquez MD, Park CS, Lee TR. Structure, Wettability, and Thermal Stability of Organic Thin-Films on Gold Generated from the Molecular Self-Assembly of Unsymmetrical Oligo(ethylene glycol) Spiroalkanedithiols. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1751-1762. [PMID: 28107018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-films on gold were prepared from a set of new, custom-designed bidentate alkanethiols possessing a mixture of normal alkane and methoxy-terminated tri(ethylene glycol) chains. The new unsymmetrical spiroalkanedithiol adsorbates were of the form [CH3O(CH2CH2O)3(CH2)5]-[CH3(CH2)n+1]C[CH2SH]2 where n = 3 and 14; designated EG3C7-C7 and EG3C7-C18, respectively. Their corresponding self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold were characterized and compared with monothiol SAMs derived from an analogous normal alkanethiol (C18SH) and an alkanethiol terminated with an oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) moiety (i.e., EG3C7SH). Ellipsometric data revealed reduced film thicknesses for the double-chained dithiolate SAMs, which perhaps arose from the phase-incompatible merger of a hydrocarbon chain with an OEG moiety, contributing to disorder in the films and/or an increase in chain tilt. The comparable wettabilities of the SAMs derived from EG3C7SH and EG3C7-C7, using water as the contacting liquid, are consistent with exposure of the OEG moieties at both interfaces, whereas the lower wettability of the SAM derived from EG3C7-C18 is consistent with exposure of hydrocarbon chains at the interface. The data collected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the new OEG-terminated dithiolate SAMs, and also revealed them as less densely packed monolayers due in part to the large molecular cross section of the OEG moieties and to their double-chained structure with dual surface bonds. Mixed SAMs formed from pairs of monothiols having chain compositions analogous to those of the chains of the new dithiols showed that an EG3C7SH/heptanethiol-mixed SAM and the EG3C7-C7 SAM produced almost identical characterization data, revealing the favorable film formation dynamics for adsorbate structures where the alkyl chains can assemble beneath the phase-incompatible OEG termini. For the mixed SAM formed from EG3C7SH/C18SH, the data indicate that the EG3C7SH component failed to incorporate in the film, demonstrating that the blending of phase-incompatible chains is sometimes best accomplished when both chains exist on a single adsorbate structure. Furthermore, the results of solution-phase thermal desorption tests revealed that the OEG-terminated films generated from the bidentate EG3C7-C7 and EG3C7-C18 adsorbates exhibit enhanced thermal stability when compared to the film generated from monodentate EG3C7SH. In a brief study of protein adsorption, the multicomponent SAMs showed a greater ability to resist the adsorption of fibrinogen on their surfaces when compared to the SAM derived from C18SH, but not better than the monolayer derived from EG3C7SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawilai Chinwangso
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Han Ju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Andrew C Jamison
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Maria D Marquez
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Chul Soon Park
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - T Randall Lee
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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11
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Stieger KR, Ciornii D, Kölsch A, Hejazi M, Lokstein H, Feifel SC, Zouni A, Lisdat F. Engineering of supramolecular photoactive protein architectures: the defined co-assembly of photosystem I and cytochrome c using a nanoscaled DNA-matrix. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10695-705. [PMID: 27150202 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00097e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of renewable and sustainable protein-based light-to-energy converting systems is an emerging field of research. Here, we report on the development of supramolecular light-harvesting electrodes, consisting of the redox protein cytochrome c working as a molecular scaffold as well as a conductive wiring network and photosystem I as a photo-functional matrix element. Both proteins form complexes in solution, which in turn can be adsorbed on thiol-modified gold electrodes through a self-assembly mechanism. To overcome the limited stability of self-grown assemblies, DNA, a natural polyelectrolyte, is used as a further building block for the construction of a photo-active 3D architecture. DNA acts as a structural matrix element holding larger protein amounts and thus remarkably improving the maximum photocurrent and electrode stability. On investigating the photophysical properties, this system demonstrates that effective electron pathways have been created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai R Stieger
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Biosystems Technology, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
| | - Dmitri Ciornii
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Biosystems Technology, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
| | - Adrian Kölsch
- Humboldt-University of Berlin, Institute of Biology, Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mahdi Hejazi
- Humboldt-University of Berlin, Institute of Biology, Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK
| | - Sven C Feifel
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Biosystems Technology, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
| | - Athina Zouni
- Humboldt-University of Berlin, Institute of Biology, Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fred Lisdat
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Biosystems Technology, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
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12
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Bennett T, Niroomand H, Pamu R, Ivanov I, Mukherjee D, Khomami B. Elucidating the role of methyl viologen as a scavenger of photoactivated electrons from photosystem I under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8512-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00049e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present electrochemical investigations into the role of dissolved O2 in electrolyte solutions in scavenging photoactivated electrons from photosystem I (PS I) while using methyl viologen (MV2+) as the redox mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Bennett
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory (MRAIL)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Hanieh Niroomand
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory (MRAIL)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Ravi Pamu
- Department of Mechanical
- Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Ilia Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Dibyendu Mukherjee
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory (MRAIL)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory (MRAIL)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
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13
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Mandal P, Manna JS, Das D, Mitra MK. Energy transfer cascade in bio-inspired chlorophyll-a/polyacrylamide hydrogel: towards a new class of biomimetic solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16780b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient solar energy harvesting in natural photosystem inspired chlorophyll-a/hydrogel based soft, simple system, revealing the effect of coherence-dephasing interpaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pubali Mandal
- School of Materials Science & Nanotechnology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Jhimli S. Manna
- School of Materials Science & Nanotechnology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Debmallya Das
- Metallurgical & Material Engineering Department
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Manoj K. Mitra
- Metallurgical & Material Engineering Department
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
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14
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Feifel SC, Lokstein H, Hejazi M, Zouni A, Lisdat F. Unidirectional Photocurrent of Photosystem I on π-System-Modified Graphene Electrodes: Nanobionic Approaches for the Construction of Photobiohybrid Systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10590-8. [PMID: 26348323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
One major vital element of the oxygenic photosynthesis is photosystem I (PSI). We report on the construction of graphene-based nanohybrid light-harvesting architectures consisting of PSI supercomplexes adsorbed onto π-system-modified graphene interfaces. The light-driven nanophotobioelectrochemical architectures have been designed on a modified carbon surface, on the basis of π-π-stacking interactions between polycyclic aromatic compounds and graphene. As a result of the remarkable features of graphene and the feasibility of purposeful surface property adjustment, well-defined photoelectrochemical responses have been displayed by the nanophotohybrid electrodes. In particular, the PSI-graphene electrodes utilizing naphthalene derivatives provided a suitable surface for the adsorption of PSI and display already at the open circuit potential (OCP) a high cathodic photocurrent output of 4.5 ± 0.1 μA/cm(2). By applying an overpotential and addition of a soluble electron acceptor (methyl viologen), the photocurrent density can be further magnified to 20 ± 0.5 μA/cm(2). On the contrary, the investigated anthracene-based PSI-graphene electrodes exhibit considerably smaller and not very directed photoelectrochemical responses. This study grants insights into the influences of different polycyclic aromatic compounds acting as an interface between the very large protein supercomplex PSI and graphene while supporting the electrochemical communication of the biomolecule with the electrode. It needs to be emphasized that solely the naphthalene-based photoelectrodes reveal unidirectional cathodic photocurrents, establishing the feasibility of utilizing this advanced approach for the construction of next-generation photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven C Feifel
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau , Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and System Biology, University of Glasgow , 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland
| | - Mahdi Hejazi
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Insitut für Biologie , Philippstrasse 13, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Athina Zouni
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Insitut für Biologie , Philippstrasse 13, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Lisdat
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau , Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
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15
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Gizzie EA, LeBlanc G, Jennings GK, Cliffel DE. Electrochemical preparation of Photosystem I-polyaniline composite films for biohybrid solar energy conversion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:9328-35. [PMID: 25897977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report for the first time the entrapment of the biomolecular supercomplex Photosystem I (PSI) within a conductive polymer network of polyaniline via electrochemical copolymerization. Composite polymer-protein films were prepared on gold electrodes through potentiostatic electropolymerization from a single aqueous solution containing both aniline and PSI. This study demonstrates the controllable integration of large membrane proteins into rapidly prepared composite films, the entrapment of such proteins was observed through photoelectrochemical analysis. PSI's unique function as a highly efficient biomolecular photodiode generated a significant enhancement in photocurrent generation for the PSI-loaded polyaniline films, compared to pristine polyaniline films, and dropcast PSI films. A comprehensive study was then performed to separately evaluate film thickness and PSI concentration in the initial polymerization solution and their effects on the net photocurrent of this novel material. The best performing composite films were prepared with 0.1 μM PSI in the polymerization solution and deposited to a film thickness of 185 nm, resulting in an average photocurrent density of 5.7 μA cm(-2) with an efficiency of 0.005%. This photocurrent output represents an enhancement greater than 2-fold over bare polyaniline films and 200-fold over a traditional PSI multilayer film of comparable thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Gizzie
- †Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
| | - Gabriel LeBlanc
- †Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
| | - G Kane Jennings
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, United States
| | - David E Cliffel
- †Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
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16
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Le RK, Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh M, Boder ET, Frymier PD. Sortase-mediated ligation of PsaE-modified photosystem I from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to a conductive surface for enhanced photocurrent production on a gold electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:1180-1188. [PMID: 25535846 DOI: 10.1021/la5031284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sortase-mediated ligation was used to attach the photosystem I (PSI) complex from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in a preferential orientation to enhance photoinduced electron flow to a conductive gold surface. Ideally, this method can result in a uniform monolayer of protein, covalently bound unidirectionally to the electrode surface. The exposed C-termini of the psaE subunits of the PSI trimer were targeted to contain an LPETG-sortase recognition sequence to increase noncompeting electron transfer by uniformly orienting the PSI stromal side proximal to the surface. Surface characterization with atomic force microscopy suggested that monolayer formation and optimal surface coverage occurred when the gold surfaces were incubated with peptide at 100 to 500 μM concentrations. When photochronoamperometry with potassium ferrocyanide and ferricyanide as redox mediators was used, photocurrents in the range of 100 to 200 nA/cm(2) were produced, which is an improvement over other attachment techniques for photosystem monolayers that produce approximately 100 nA/cm(2) or less. This work demonstrated that sortase-mediated ligation aided in the control of PSI orientation on modified gold surfaces with a distribution of 94% stromal side proximal and 6% lumenal side proximal to the surface for current-producing PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary K Le
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Biomedical Engineering, and §Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee-Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee 37966-2200, United States
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17
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LeBlanc G, Gizzie E, Yang S, Cliffel DE, Jennings GK. Photosystem I protein films at electrode surfaces for solar energy conversion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:10990-11001. [PMID: 24576007 DOI: 10.1021/la500129q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of a few billion years, nature has developed extraordinary nanomaterials for the efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. One of these materials, photosystem I (PSI), functions as a photodiode capable of generating a charge separation with nearly perfect quantum efficiency. Because of the favorable properties and natural abundance of PSI, researchers around the world have begun to study how this protein complex can be integrated into modern solar energy conversion devices. This feature article describes some of the recent materials and methods that have led to dramatic improvements (over several orders of magnitude) in the photocurrents and photovoltages of biohybrid electrodes based on PSI, with an emphasis on the research activities in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel LeBlanc
- Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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18
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Nguyen K, Bruce BD. Growing green electricity: progress and strategies for use of photosystem I for sustainable photovoltaic energy conversion. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1553-66. [PMID: 24388916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis is driven via sequential action of Photosystem II (PSII) and (PSI)reaction centers via the Z-scheme. Both of these pigment-membrane protein complexes are found in cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. Unlike PSII, PSI is remarkably stable and does not undergo limiting photo-damage. This stability, as well as other fundamental structural differences, makes PSI the most attractive reaction centers for applied photosynthetic applications. These applied applications exploit the efficient light harvesting and high quantum yield of PSI where the isolated PSI particles are redeployed providing electrons directly as a photocurrent or, via a coupled catalyst to yield H₂. Recent advances in molecular genetics, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology have merged to allow PSI to be integrated into a myriad of biohybrid devices. In photocurrent producing devices, PSI has been immobilized onto various electrode substrates with a continuously evolving toolkit of strategies and novel reagents. However, these innovative yet highly variable designs make it difficult to identify the rate-limiting steps and/or components that function as bottlenecks in PSI-biohybrid devices. In this study we aim to highlight these recent advances with a focus on identifying the similarities and differences in electrode surfaces, immobilization/orientation strategies, and artificial redox mediators. Collectively this work has been able to maintain an annual increase in photocurrent density (Acm⁻²) of ~10-fold over the past decade. The potential drawbacks and attractive features of some of these schemes are also discussed with their feasibility on a large-scale. As an environmentally benign and renewable resource, PSI may provide a new sustainable source of bioenergy. This article is part of a special issue entitled: photosynthesis research for sustainability: keys to produce clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Barry D Bruce
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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19
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Stieger KR, Feifel SC, Lokstein H, Lisdat F. Advanced unidirectional photocurrent generation via cytochrome c as reaction partner for directed assembly of photosystem I. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:15667-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00935e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Engineering biohybrid photodiodes using surface-fixed cytochrome c as scaffold for efficiently connecting photosystem I with electrodes in 3D protein architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai R. Stieger
- Biosystems Technology
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau
- D-15745 Wildau, Germany
| | - Sven C. Feifel
- Biosystems Technology
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau
- D-15745 Wildau, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Institute for Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology
- Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Fred Lisdat
- Biosystems Technology
- Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau
- D-15745 Wildau, Germany
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20
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Gunther D, LeBlanc G, Prasai D, Zhang JR, Cliffel DE, Bolotin KI, Jennings GK. Photosystem I on graphene as a highly transparent, photoactive electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4177-80. [PMID: 23506192 DOI: 10.1021/la305020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of a hybrid light-harvesting electrode consisting of photosystem I (PSI) proteins extracted from spinach and adsorbed as a monolayer onto electrically contacted, large-area graphene. The transparency of graphene supports the choice of an opaque mediator at elevated concentrations. For example, we report a photocurrent of 550 nA/cm(2) from a monolayer of PSI on graphene in the presence of 20 mM methylene blue, which yields an opaque blue solution. The PSI-modified graphene electrode has a total thickness of less than 10 nm and demonstrates photoactivity that is an order of magnitude larger than that for unmodified graphene, establishing the feasibility of conjoining these nanomaterials as potential constructs in next-generation photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Gunther
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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21
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Manocchi AK, Baker DR, Pendley SS, Nguyen K, Hurley MM, Bruce BD, Sumner JJ, Lundgren CA. Photocurrent generation from surface assembled photosystem I on alkanethiol modified electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:2412-9. [PMID: 23379304 DOI: 10.1021/la304477u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a key component of oxygenic photosynthetic electron transport because of its light-induced electron transfer to the soluble electron acceptor ferredoxin. This work demonstrates the incorporation of surface assembled cyanobacterial trimeric PSI complexes into a biohybrid system for light-driven current generation. Specifically, this work demonstrates the improved assembly of PSI via electrophoretic deposition, with controllable surface assembled PSI density, on different self-assembled alkanethiol monolayers. Using artificial electron donors and acceptors (Os(bpy)(2)Cl(2) and methyl viologen) we demonstrate photocurrent generation from a single PSI layer, which remains photoactive for at least three hours of intermittent illumination. Photoelectrochemical comparison of the biohybrid systems assembled from different alkanethiols (hexanethiol, aminohexanethiol, mercaptohexanol, and mercaptohexanoic acid) reveals that the PSI generated photocurrent is enhanced by almost 5 times on negatively charged SAM surfaces as compared to positively charged surfaces. These results are discussed in light of how PSI is oriented upon electrodeposition on a SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Manocchi
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
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22
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Yan X, Faulkner CJ, Jennings GK, Cliffel DE. Photosystem I in Langmuir-Blodgett and Langmuir-Schaefer monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:15080-15086. [PMID: 23009258 DOI: 10.1021/la302611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a membrane protein complex that generates photoinduced electrons and transfers them across the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis. The PSI complex, separated from spinach leaves, was spread onto the air-water interface as a monolayer and transferred onto a gold electrode surface that was precoated with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). The electrochemical properties of the transferred PSI monolayer, including cyclic voltammetry and photoinduced chronoamperometry, were measured. The results showed that PSI retained its bioactivity after the manipulation. Its capability of converting photoenergy into electrical potential was demonstrated by its reducing an electron acceptor, dichloroindophenol (DCIP), and by oxidizing an electron donor, sodium ascorbate (ASC). We have shown that the protein has two possible orientations at the water interface. The orientation distribution was determined by comparing the controlled reductive and oxidative photocurrents generated from Langmuir-Blodgett and Langmuir-Schaefer monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
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23
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Mukherjee D, Vaughn M, Khomami B, Bruce BD. Modulation of cyanobacterial photosystem I deposition properties on alkanethiolate Au substrate by various experimental conditions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:181-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Singh PS, Chan HSM, Kang S, Lemay SG. Stochastic amperometric fluctuations as a probe for dynamic adsorption in nanofluidic electrochemical systems. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:18289-95. [PMID: 21957965 DOI: 10.1021/ja2067669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of analyte molecules is ubiquitous in nanofluidic channels due to their large surface-to-volume ratios. It is also difficult to quantify due to the nanometric scale of these channels. We propose a simple method to probe dynamic adsorption at electrodes that are embedded in nanofluidic channels or which enclose nanoscopic volumes. The amperometric method relies on measuring the amplitude of the fluctuations of the redox cycling current that arise when the channel is diffusively coupled to a bulk reservoir. We demonstrate the versatility of this new method by quantifying adsorption for several redox couples, investigating the dependence of adsorption on the electrode potential and studying the effect of functionalizing the electrodes with self-assembled monolayers of organothiol molecules bearing polar end groups. These self-assembled monolayer coatings are shown to significantly reduce the adsorption of the molecules on to the electrodes. The detection method is not limited to electrodes in nanochannels and can be easily extended to redox cycling systems that enclose very small volumes, in particular scanning electrochemical microscopy with nanoelectrodes. It thus opens the way for imaging spatial heterogeneity with respect to adsorption, as well as rational design of interfaces for redox cycling based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradyumna S Singh
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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25
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Mukherjee D, May M, Khomami B. Detergent–protein interactions in aqueous buffer suspensions of Photosystem I (PS I). J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 358:477-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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KATO Y, TSUJII M, WATANABE T. Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Photosystem I Complex in the Presence of a Viologen as Mediator at SnO2 Electrode. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.79.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Mukherjee D, May M, Vaughn M, Bruce BD, Khomami B. Controlling the morphology of Photosystem I assembly on thiol-activated Au substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:16048-54. [PMID: 20845944 DOI: 10.1021/la102832x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Morphological variations of Photosystem I (PS I) assembly on hydroxyl-terminated alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/Au substrates with various deposition techniques is presented. Our studies indicate that deposition conditions such as PS I concentration and driving force play a central role in determining organization of immobilized PS I on thiol-activated Au surfaces. Specifically, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ellipsometry analyses indicate that gravity-driven deposition from concentrated PS I solutions results in a large number of columnar PS I aggregates, which assemble perpendicular to the Au surface. PS I deposition yields much more uniform layers when deposited at lower concentrations, suggesting preassembly of the aggregate formation in the solution phase. Moreover, in electric field assisted deposition at high field strengths, columnar self-assembly is largely prevented, thereby allowing a uniform, monolayer-like deposition even at very high PS I concentrations. In situ dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies of solution-phase aggregation dynamics of PS I suspensions in both the presence and absence of an applied electric field support these observations and clearly demonstrate that the externally imposed electric field effectively fragments large PS I aggregates in the solution phase, thereby permitting a uniform deposition of PS I trimers on SAM/Au substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Mukherjee
- Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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28
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Terasaki N, Yamamoto N, Hattori M, Tanigaki N, Hiraga T, Ito K, Konno M, Iwai M, Inoue Y, Uno S, Nakazato K. Photosensor based on an FET utilizing a biocomponent of photosystem I for use in imaging devices. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11969-11974. [PMID: 19731941 DOI: 10.1021/la901091e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated a photosensor that consists of a field emission transistor (FET) utilizing the biocomponent of the photosystem I (PSI) protein complex for use in an imaging device. The PSI was immobilized on a gold electrode via the self-assembling monolayer (SAM) of 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt to obtain a PSI-modified gold electrode. As for the PSI-modified gold electrode, the basic photoresponses originating from the excitation of PSI, including the photocurrent (106 nA) and the photoresponse of the open-circuit voltage (photo-Voc: 28.6 mV), were characterized. Then, the PSI-modified gold electrode was linked to the gate of the FET using a lead line, and the device was successfully driven by the photoelectric signals from the PSI like a voltage follower circuit. Further, we successfully demonstrated that the PSI-based FET acts as a photosensor in imaging devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Terasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Measurement Solution Research Center,807-1 Shuku-machi, Tosu, Saga 841-0052, Japan.
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29
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Terasaki N, Yamamoto N, Hiraga T, Yamanoi Y, Yonezawa T, Nishihara H, Ohmori T, Sakai M, Fujii M, Tohri A, Iwai M, Inoue Y, Yoneyama S, Minakata M, Enami I. Plugging a molecular wire into photosystem I: reconstitution of the photoelectric conversion system on a gold electrode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1585-7. [PMID: 19156784 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Plug and play: Photoinduced electron transfer occurs from photoexcited P700 in photosystem I (PSI) to a gold surface (see picture). A novel molecular connector system is used, in which an artificial molecular wire, which is assembled on the gold surface, was plugged into PSI by reconstitution. Analysis of the photoelectron transfer kinetics proved both the output of electrons from PSI and the effectiveness of the molecular wire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Terasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 807-1 Shuku-machi, Tosu, Saga 841-0052, Japan.
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30
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Terasaki N, Yamamoto N, Hiraga T, Yamanoi Y, Yonezawa T, Nishihara H, Ohmori T, Sakai M, Fujii M, Tohri A, Iwai M, Inoue Y, Yoneyama S, Minakata M, Enami I. Plugging a Molecular Wire into Photosystem I: Reconstitution of the Photoelectric Conversion System on a Gold Electrode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Faulkner CJ, Lees S, Ciesielski PN, Cliffel DE, Jennings GK. Rapid assembly of photosystem I monolayers on gold electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8409-8412. [PMID: 18636757 DOI: 10.1021/la800670b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) has drawn widespread interest for use in biomimetically inspired energy conversion devices upon extracting it from plants or cyanobacteria and assembling it at surfaces. Here, we demonstrate that a critically dense monolayer of spinach-derived PSI must be formed on an electrode surface to achieve optimal photocurrents, and we introduce a new method for preparing these dense PSI monolayers that reduces the time required for assembly by approximately 80-fold in comparison to that for adsorption from solution. This method consists of applying a vacuum above the aqueous PSI solution during assembly to concentrate PSI and precipitate it into a thick layer onto the surface of various self-assembled monolayers or directly onto the electrode surface. Rinsing with water yields a dense monolayer of PSI that draws approximately 100 nA/cm2 of light-induced current from the gold electrode in the presence of appropriate mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Faulkner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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32
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Sridharan A, Muthuswamy J, Labelle JT, Pizziconi VB. Immobilization of functional light antenna structures derived from the filamentous green bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8078-8089. [PMID: 18590285 DOI: 10.1021/la703691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The integration of highly efficient, natural photosynthetic light antenna structures into engineered systems while their biophotonic capabilities are maintained has been an elusive goal in the design of biohybrid photonic devices. In this study, we report a novel technique to covalently immobilize nanoscaled bacterial light antenna structures known as chlorosomes from Chloroflexus aurantiacus on both conductive and nonconductive glass while their energy transducing functionality was maintained. Chlorosomes without their reaction centers (RCs) were covalently immobilized on 3-aminoproyltriethoxysilane (APTES) treated surfaces using a glutaraldehyde linker. AFM techniques verified that the chlorosomes maintained their native ellipsoidal ultrastructure upon immobilization. Results from absorbance and fluorescence spectral analysis (where the Stokes shift to 808/810 nm was observed upon 470 nm blue light excitation) in conjunction with confocal microscopy confirm that the functional integrity of immobilized chlorosomes was also preserved. In addition, experiments with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) suggested that the presence of chlorosomes in the electrical double layer of the electrode enhanced the electron transfer capacity of the electrochemical cell. Further, chronoamperometric studies suggested that the reduced form of the Bchl- c pigments found within the chlorosome modulate the conduction properties of the electrochemical cell, where the oxidized form of Bchl- c pigments impeded any current transduction at a bias of 0.4 V within the electrochemical cell. The results therefore demonstrate that the intact chlorosomes can be successfully immobilized while their biophotonic transduction capabilities are preserved through the immobilization process. These findings indicate that it is feasible to design biophotonic devices incorporating fully functional light antenna structures, which may offer significant performance enhancements to current silicon-based photonic devices for diverse technological applications ranging from CCD devices used in retinal implants to terrestrial and space fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Sridharan
- Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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33
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Zhao J, Meng F, Zhu X, Han K, Liu S, Li G. Electrochemistry of Mitochondria: A New Way to Understand Their Structure and Function. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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NISHIHARA H, KANAIZUKA K, NISHIMORI Y, YAMANOI Y. Construction of redox- and photo-functional molecular systems on electrode surface for application to molecular devices. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Terasaki N, Yamamoto N, Tamada K, Hattori M, Hiraga T, Tohri A, Sato I, Iwai M, Iwai M, Taguchi S, Enami I, Inoue Y, Yamanoi Y, Yonezawa T, Mizuno K, Murata M, Nishihara H, Yoneyama S, Minakata M, Ohmori T, Sakai M, Fujii M. Bio-photosensor: Cyanobacterial photosystem I coupled with transistor via molecular wire. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2007; 1767:653-9. [PMID: 17184727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2006] [Revised: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report on the first successful output of electrons directly from photosystem I (PSI) of thermophilic cyanobacteria to the gate of a field-effect transistor (FET) by bypassing electron flow via a newly designed molecular wire, i.e., artificial vitamin K(1), and a gold nanoparticle; in short, this newly manufactured photosensor employs a bio-functional unit as the core of the device. Photo-electrons generated by the irradiation of molecular complexes composed of reconstituted PSI on the gate were found to control the FET. This PSI-bio-photosensor can be used to interpret gradation in images. This PSI-FET system is moreover sufficiently stable for use exceeding a period of 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Terasaki
- Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8857, Japan
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Yamanoi Y, Nishihara H. Assembly of nanosize metallic particles and molecular wires on electrode surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:3983-9. [PMID: 17912392 DOI: 10.1039/b703342g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article highlights recent developments in the assembly of nanosize materials on electrode surfaces. A brief historical background of the field is given, followed by a selection of topics of particular current interest. We focus especially on the assembly of nanosize metallic particles and molecular wires on gold and silicon electrode surfaces. The fabrication, properties, and characteristics of functional nanostructured biointerfaces on electrode surfaces are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamanoi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-003, Japan
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Ciobanu M, Kincaid HA, Lo V, Dukes AD, Kane Jennings G, Cliffel DE. Electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry of photosystem I adsorbed on hydroxyl-terminated monolayers. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Zhang J, Huang W, Han Y. A Composite Polymer Film with both Superhydrophobicity and Superoleophilicity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200500842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Díaz P, Gimeno Y, Carro P, González S, Schilardi PL, Benítez G, Salvarezza RC, Creus AH. Electrochemical self-assembly of melanin films on gold. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:5924-30. [PMID: 15952843 DOI: 10.1021/la0469755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical method for self-assembling melanin films on the Au(111) surface from melanin aggregates in alkaline media is reported. Electrochemical data combined with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy, and Auger electron spectoscopy show that the amount and structure of the deposited melanin film depend on the potential (E) applied to the electrochemical interface and deposition time. Film formation takes place at a noticeable rate at E = -1.0 V (vs SCE). High-resolution STM images at the early stages of growth show small particles, 5-8 nm in size and 0.3-0.4 nm in height, forming ordered arrays that follow closely the Au(111) topography. The size of the melanin particles increases as the film thickness increases, reaching 150 nm for deposits grown for 16 h. The deposited films are electrochemically active, showing well-defined redox couples preceding the hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Díaz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Szeghalmi A, Leopold L, Pînzaru S, Chis V, Silaghi-Dumitrescu I, Schmitt M, Popp J, Kiefer W. Adsorption of 6-mercaptopurine and 6-mercaptopurine riboside on silver colloid: a pH dependent surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory study. Part I. 6-Mercaptopurine. J Mol Struct 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gudipati CS, Greenlief CM, Johnson JA, Prayongpan P, Wooley KL. Hyperbranched fluoropolymer and linear poly(ethylene glycol) based amphiphilic crosslinked networks as efficient antifouling coatings: An insight into the surface compositions, topographies, and morphologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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