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Habibi S, Bautista MA, Bryant SL, Shor RJ, Natale G. A novel synthesis method of magnetic Janus particles for wastewater applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:952-964. [PMID: 38759594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Magnetic particles are widely used in many adsorption and removal processes. Among the many types of magnetic colloids, magnetic Janus particles offer significant possibilities for the effective removal of several components from aqueous solutions. Nevertheless, the synthesis of structures integrating different types of materials requires scalable fabrication processes to overcome the limitations of the available methodologies. Herein, we hypothesized a fabrication process for dual-surface functionalized magnetic Janus particles. EXPERIMENTS The primary silica particles with surface-attached amine groups are further asymmetrically modified by iron oxide nanoparticles, exploiting Pickering emulsion and electroless deposition techniques. The dual surface functionality of the particles is designed for its versatility and demonstrated in two wastewater-related applications. FINDINGS We show that our design can simultaneously remove chromium (VI) and phenol from aqueous solution. The fabricated magnetic-responsive Janus particles are also an effective adsorbent for genomic Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and show superior performance to commercial magnetic beads. Thus, this study provides a novel platform for designing magnetic Janus particles with multifunctional surfaces for wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Habibi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Maria A Bautista
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Steven L Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Roman J Shor
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Giovanniantonio Natale
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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2
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Kaushal A, Gendelman O, Shoval S, Kuroiwa K, Oaki Y, Fujii S, Bormashenko E. Motion and Orientation of Janus Spherical Particles at a Liquid-Air Interface Governed by the Moses Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39105726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the motion of spherical polystyrene/polypyrrole-coated polystyrene Janus particles placed at an air/saline interface and driven by a permanent magnetic field of ca. 0.5 T. For the sake of comparison, the motion of pure floating polystyrene particles was studied. Both kinds of the studied particles moved toward the magnet and stopped at the boundary of the near-surface well produced by the magnetic field. The Moses effect-driven motion of floating Janus particles was analyzed and investigated under different strengths of the magnetic field and salt concentrations. The study of the Janus particle displacement led to the development of a unified theoretical framework explaining the mechanism of the motion. This framework predicts that the motion of particles placed at an air-salt solution interface is not only dictated by magnetic energy but also intricately influenced by the interplay of factors, including the curvature of the interface caused by the static magnetic field, gravitational potential, and capillary forces. The orientation of the particles was observed. A qualitative explanation of the observed phenomena is suggested. The investigated process has potential for the self-assembly of particles placed at the liquid/air interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kaushal
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
| | - Oleg Gendelman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shraga Shoval
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
| | - Kazuma Kuroiwa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Syuji Fujii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1, Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Edward Bormashenko
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
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3
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Wilson-Whitford SR, Roffin MC, Gao J, Kaewpetch T, Gilchrist JF. Yield stress-enabled microencapsulation of field responsive microparticle suspensions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:9139-9145. [PMID: 37847173 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00642e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Try and encapsulate microparticles inside the cores of microcapsules and you will often find that particles adhere to the liquid-liquid interface in a phenomenon known as Pickering stabilization. Particles will remain irreversibly trapped and embedded within the subsequently formed microcapsule membrane. In cases where the encapsulant particles must remain suspended inside the microcapsule core to retain their desired properties or behaviours, Pickering stabilization is detrimental. Here we demonstrate a general procedure using yield stress materials as the core material, where the yield stress of the gel is strong enough to suspend particles against sedimentation, but weak enough to allow spatial manipulation of encapsulant particles using an external field. This external field imparts enough force on particles to disrupt the supporting network and allow particle mobility after encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Wilson-Whitford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Maria Chiara Roffin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jinghui Gao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
| | - Thitiporn Kaewpetch
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James F Gilchrist
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
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4
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Basu A, Okello LB, Castellanos N, Roh S, Velev OD. Assembly and manipulation of responsive and flexible colloidal structures by magnetic and capillary interactions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2466-2485. [PMID: 36946137 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The long-ranged interactions induced by magnetic fields and capillary forces in multiphasic fluid-particle systems facilitate the assembly of a rich variety of colloidal structures and materials. We review here the diverse structures assembled from isotropic and anisotropic particles by independently or jointly using magnetic and capillary interactions. The use of magnetic fields is one of the most efficient means of assembling and manipulating paramagnetic particles. By tuning the field strength and configuration or by changing the particle characteristics, the magnetic interactions, dynamics, and responsiveness of the assemblies can be precisely controlled. Concurrently, the capillary forces originating at the fluid-fluid interfaces can serve as means of reconfigurable binding in soft matter systems, such as Pickering emulsions, novel responsive capillary gels, and composites for 3D printing. We further discuss how magnetic forces can be used as an auxiliary parameter along with the capillary forces to assemble particles at fluid interfaces or in the bulk. Finally, we present examples how these interactions can be used jointly in magnetically responsive foams, gels, and pastes for 3D printing. The multiphasic particle gels for 3D printing open new opportunities for making of magnetically reconfigurable and "active" structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Basu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Lilian B Okello
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Natasha Castellanos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Sangchul Roh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Orlin D Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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5
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Hybrid Nanoparticles at Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: Insight from Theory and Simulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054564. [PMID: 36901995 PMCID: PMC10003740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid nanoparticles that combine special properties of their different parts have numerous applications in electronics, optics, catalysis, medicine, and many others. Of the currently produced particles, Janus particles and ligand-tethered (hairy) particles are of particular interest both from a practical and purely cognitive point of view. Understanding their behavior at fluid interfaces is important to many fields because particle-laden interfaces are ubiquitous in nature and industry. We provide a review of the literature, focusing on theoretical studies of hybrid particles at fluid-fluid interfaces. Our goal is to give a link between simple phenomenological models and advanced molecular simulations. We analyze the adsorption of individual Janus particles and hairy particles at the interfaces. Then, their interfacial assembly is also discussed. The simple equations for the attachment energy of various Janus particles are presented. We discuss how such parameters as the particle size, the particle shape, the relative sizes of different patches, and the amphiphilicity affect particle adsorption. This is essential for taking advantage of the particle capacity to stabilize interfaces. Representative examples of molecular simulations were presented. We show that the simple models surprisingly well reproduce experimental and simulation data. In the case of hairy particles, we concentrate on the effects of reconfiguration of the polymer brushes at the interface. This review is expected to provide a general perspective on the subject and may be helpful to many researchers and technologists working with particle-laden layers.
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Wang H, Li H, Gu P, Huang C, Chen S, Hu C, Lee E, Xu J, Zhu J. Electric, magnetic, and shear field-directed assembly of inorganic nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2018-2035. [PMID: 36648016 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05821a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ordered assemblies of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown tremendous potential for wide applications due to their unique collective properties, which differ from those of individual NPs. Various assembly methods, such as external field-directed assembly, interfacial assembly, template assembly, biomolecular recognition-mediated assembly, confined assembly, and others, have been employed to generate ordered inorganic NP assemblies with hierarchical structures. Among them, the external field-directed assembly method is particularly fascinating, as it can remotely assemble NPs into well-ordered superstructures. Moreover, external fields (e.g., electric, magnetic, and shear fields) can introduce a local and/or global field intensity gradient, resulting in an additional force on NPs to drive their rotation and/or translation. Therefore, the external field-directed assembly of NPs becomes a robust method to fabricate well-defined functional materials with the desired optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, which have various applications in catalysis, sensing, disease diagnosis, energy conversion/storage, photonics, nano-floating-gate memory, and others. In this review, the effects of an electric field, magnetic field, and shear field on the organization of inorganic NPs are highlighted. The methods for controlling the well-ordered organization of inorganic NPs at different scales and their advantages are reviewed. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Pan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Caili Huang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Senbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Chenglong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
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7
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Liu Y, Nisisako T. Microfluidic generation of monodispersed Janus alginate hydrogel microparticles using water-in-oil emulsion reactant. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:024101. [PMID: 35282035 PMCID: PMC8896892 DOI: 10.1063/5.0077916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microparticles with uniform anisotropic structures are widely used in physical, chemical, and biological fields owing to their ability to combine multiple functions on a micro-scale. Here, a microfluidic emulsion-based external gelation method was demonstrated for the first time to produce monodisperse Janus calcium alginate (Ca-alginate) hydrogel microparticles consisting of two compartments. This approach provided a fast reaction condition under which we could prepare magnetic Janus Ca-alginate microparticles with diameters ranging from 148 to 179 μm and a coefficient of variation (CV) less than 4%. Moreover, the boundaries between the two compartments were clear. In addition, the volume fraction of each compartment could be adjusted by varying the flow rate ratio between two dispersed phases. Next, we produced fluorescent Janus beads and magnetic-fluorescent Janus beads with an average diameter of ∼150 μm (CV < 4.0%). The magnetic Janus hydrogel microparticles we produced could be manipulated by applying a magnetic field to achieve self-assembly, rotation, and accumulation. Magnetic Janus hydrogel microparticles are also capable of mammalian cell encapsulation with good cell viability. This article presents a simple and stable approach for producing monodisperse bi-compartmental Janus hydrogel microparticles that could have great potential for application in physical, biochemical, and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhe Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takasi Nisisako
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R2-9, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
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8
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Liu J, Huang J, Niu W, Tan C, Zhang H. Unconventional-Phase Crystalline Materials Constructed from Multiscale Building Blocks. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5830-5888. [PMID: 33797882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystal phase, an intrinsic characteristic of crystalline materials, is one of the key parameters to determine their physicochemical properties. Recently, great progress has been made in the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases that are different from their thermodynamically stable bulk counterparts via various synthetic methods. A nanocrystalline material can also be viewed as an assembly of atoms with long-range order. When larger entities, such as nanoclusters, nanoparticles, and microparticles, are used as building blocks, supercrystalline materials with rich phases are obtained, some of which even have no analogues in the atomic and molecular crystals. The unconventional phases of nanocrystalline and supercrystalline materials endow them with distinctive properties as compared to their conventional counterparts. This Review highlights the state-of-the-art progress of nanocrystalline and supercrystalline materials with unconventional phases constructed from multiscale building blocks, including atoms, nanoclusters, spherical and anisotropic nanoparticles, and microparticles. Emerging strategies for engineering their crystal phases are introduced, with highlights on the governing parameters that are essential for the formation of unconventional phases. Phase-dependent properties and applications of nanocrystalline and supercrystalline materials are summarized. Finally, major challenges and opportunities in future research directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jingtao Huang
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenxin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Chaoliang Tan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Anisotropic polymer-mesoporous silica hybrid particles with tailorable morphology. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Alsaadawi Y, Eichler-Volf A, Heigl M, Zahn P, Albrecht M, Erbe A. Control over self-assembled Janus clusters by the strength of magnetic field in [Formula: see text]. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:23. [PMID: 33683470 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Janus microparticles can be propelled by controlled chemical reactions on their surfaces. Such microswimmers have been used as model systems for the behavior on the microscale and as carriers for cargo to well-defined positions in hard-to-access areas. Here we demonstrate the propagation motion of clusters of magnetic Janus particles driven by the catalytic decomposition of [Formula: see text] on their metallic caps. The magnetic moments of their caps lead to certain spatial arrangements of Janus particles, which can be influenced by external magnetic fields. We investigate how the arrangement of the particles and caps determines the driven motion of the particle clusters. In addition, we show the influence of confining walls on the cluster motion, which will be encountered in any real-life biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Alsaadawi
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, HZDR, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Eichler-Volf
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, HZDR, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Heigl
- Institute of Physics, University of Augusburg, Universitätstrasse 1, 86159, Augusburg, Germany
| | - Peter Zahn
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, HZDR, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Albrecht
- Institute of Physics, University of Augusburg, Universitätstrasse 1, 86159, Augusburg, Germany
| | - Artur Erbe
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, HZDR, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
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11
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Correia EL, Brown N, Razavi S. Janus Particles at Fluid Interfaces: Stability and Interfacial Rheology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:374. [PMID: 33540620 PMCID: PMC7913064 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of the Janus motif in colloidal particles, i.e., anisotropic surface properties on opposite faces, has gained significant attention in the bottom-up assembly of novel functional structures, design of active nanomotors, biological sensing and imaging, and polymer blend compatibilization. This review is focused on the behavior of Janus particles in interfacial systems, such as particle-stabilized (i.e., Pickering) emulsions and foams, where stabilization is achieved through the binding of particles to fluid interfaces. In many such applications, the interface could be subjected to deformations, producing compression and shear stresses. Besides the physicochemical properties of the particle, their behavior under flow will also impact the performance of the resulting system. This review article provides a synopsis of interfacial stability and rheology in particle-laden interfaces to highlight the role of the Janus motif, and how particle anisotropy affects interfacial mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sepideh Razavi
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 E. Boyd Street, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (E.L.C.); (N.B.)
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12
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Dynamics of a Pair of Paramagnetic Janus Particles under a Uniform Magnetic Field and Simple Shear Flow. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry7010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We numerically investigate the dynamics of a pair of circular Janus microparticles immersed in a Newtonian fluid under a simple shear flow and a uniform magnetic field by direct numerical simulation. Using the COMSOL software, we applied the finite element method, based on an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach, and analyzed the dynamics of two anisotropic particles (i.e., one-half is paramagnetic, and the other is non-magnetic) due to the center-to-center distance, magnetic field strength, initial particle orientation, and configuration. This article considers two configurations: the LR-configuration (magnetic material is on the left side of the first particle and on the right side of the second particle) and the RL-configuration (magnetic material is on the right side of the first particle and on the left side of the second particle). For both configurations, a critical orientation determines if the particles either attract (below the critical) or repel (above the critical) under a uniform magnetic field. How well the particles form a chain depends on the comparison between the viscous and magnetic forces. For long particle distances, the viscous force separates the particles, and the magnetic force causes them to repel as the particle orientation increases above the configuration’s critical value. As the initial distance decreases, a chain formation is possible at a steady orientation, but is more feasible for the RL-configuration than the LR-configuration under the same circumstances.
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13
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Martínez-Pedrero F. Static and dynamic behavior of magnetic particles at fluid interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102233. [PMID: 32961419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This perspective work reviews the current status of research on magnetic particles at fluid interfaces. The article gives both a unified overview of recent experimental advances and theoretical studies centered on very different phenomena that share a common characteristic: they involve adsorbed magnetic particles that range in size from a few nanometers to several millimeters. Because of their capability of being remotely piloted through controllable external fields, magnetic particles have proven essential as building blocks in the design of new techniques, smart materials and micromachines, with new tunable properties and prospective applications in engineering and biotechnology. Once adsorbed at a fluid-fluid interfase, in a process that can be facilitated via the application of magnetic field gradients, these particles often result sorely confined to two dimensions (2D). In this configuration, inter-particle forces directed along the perpendicular to the interface are typically very small compared to the surface forces. Hence, the confinement and symmetry breaking introduced by the presence of the surface play an important role on the response of the system to the application of an external field. In monolayers of particles where the magnetic is predominant interaction, the states reached are strongly determined by the mode and orientation of the applied field, which promote different patterns and processes. Furthermore, they can reproduce some of the dynamic assemblies displayed in bulk or form new ones, that take advantage of the interfacial phenomena or of the symmetry breaking introduce by the confining boundary. Magnetic colloids are also widely used for unraveling the guiding principles of 2D dynamic self-assembly, in designs devised for producing interface transport, as tiny probes for assessing interfacial rheological properties, neglecting the bulk and inertia contributions, as well as actuated stabilizing agents in foams and emulsions.
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14
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Gibbs JG. Shape- and Material-Dependent Self-Propulsion of Photocatalytic Active Colloids, Interfacial Effects, and Dynamic Interparticle Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6938-6947. [PMID: 31738561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Active colloids powered by self-generated, local chemical concentration gradients exhibit dynamics that are a function of the particles' morphology and material properties. These characteristics also govern how the active colloids interact with surfaces, including other particles and nearby walls. Thus, by targeted design, the dynamic behavior, on average, can be engineered, despite a lack of "external" control such as an applied magnetic field. This allows for the development of new applications and the investigation of novel effects that arise when self-propelled active colloids have complex shapes and material composition. Here, we explore some of our recent work on this topic including the dynamics and interactions of photoactivated, self-propelled colloids with such multifaceted properties. We also delve into some special cases, such as a new variety of active particle-particle interaction that we recently developed, in which direct contact between the active colloids is forbidden, and the direction of propulsion for pairs of particles is correlated. The unifying theme of the work highlighted herein is the relationship between the physical, chemical, and material properties of active colloids and their motive behavior, the understanding of which opens up a wide range of new possibilities as we move toward the ultimate goal of realizing functional, man-made micro- and nanomachinery.
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15
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Fei W, Tzelios PM, Bishop KJM. Magneto-Capillary Particle Dynamics at Curved Interfaces: Time-Varying Fields and Drop Mixing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36. [PMID: 31859516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spatially uniform magnetic fields induce nonzero forces on magnetic particles adsorbed at curved liquid interfaces thereby driving their motion. Such motions, prohibited in bulk fluids, arise due to interfacial constraints that couple magnetic torques to capillary forces at curved interfaces. Here, we show that time-varying (spatially uniform) magnetic fields can be used to drive a variety of steady particle motions on water drops in decane. Upon application of a precessing field, magnetic Janus particles with amphiphilic surface chemistry move either along circular orbits at the drop poles or along zigzag paths at the drop equator. The different magneto-capillary motions depend on the frequency and precession angle of the field as well as the initial position of the particle on the drop surface. Our experimental observations are reproduced and explained by a mathematical model that accounts for the relevant magnetic, capillary, and hydrodynamic forces and torques that contribute to particle motion. In addition to ferromagnetic Janus particles, we show that similar dynamics can be achieved using superparamagnetic carbonyl iron particles, which are manufactured on industrial scales and respond to even weaker magnetic fields. We demonstrate how the field-driven motion of such particles at the drop interface can induce fluid flows that effectively mix the drop interior. These results suggest that magneto-capillary particle motions could be used to enhance mass transfer within emulsions stabilized by magnetic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Fei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Peter M Tzelios
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Kyle J M Bishop
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States
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16
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Steinbach G, Schreiber M, Nissen D, Albrecht M, Novak E, Sánchez PA, Kantorovich SS, Gemming S, Erbe A. Field-responsive colloidal assemblies defined by magnetic anisotropy. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:012608. [PMID: 31499847 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.012608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Particle dispersions provide a promising tool for the engineering of functional materials that exploit self-assembly of complex structures. Dispersion made from magnetic colloidal particles is a great choice; they are biocompatible and remotely controllable among many other advantages. However, their dominating dipolar interaction typically limits structural complexity to linear arrangements. This paper shows how a magnetostatic equilibrium state with noncollinear arrangement of the magnetic moments, as reported for ferromagnetic Janus particles, enables the controlled self-organization of diverse structures in two dimensions via constant and low-frequency external magnetic fields. Branched clusters of staggered chains, compact clusters, linear chains, and dispersed single particles can be formed and interconverted reversibly in a controlled way. The structural diversity is a consequence of both the inhomogeneity and the spatial extension of the magnetization distribution inside the particles. We draw this conclusion from calculations based on a model of spheres with multiple shifted dipoles. The results demonstrate that fundamentally new possibilities for responsive magnetic materials can arise from interactions between particles with a spatially extended, anisotropic magnetization distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabi Steinbach
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schreiber
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dennis Nissen
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Albrecht
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Novak
- Ural Federal University, Lenin av. 51, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia
| | - Pedro A Sánchez
- Ural Federal University, Lenin av. 51, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia
| | - Sofia S Kantorovich
- Ural Federal University, Lenin av. 51, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia.,Computational Physics, Universität Wien, Sensengasse 8, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Sibylle Gemming
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Artur Erbe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Li Y, Khuu N, Prince E, Alizadehgiashi M, Galati E, Lavrentovich OD, Kumacheva E. Nanoparticle-laden droplets of liquid crystals: Interactive morphogenesis and dynamic assembly. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav1035. [PMID: 31281879 PMCID: PMC6611685 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Defects in liquid crystals serve as templates for nanoparticle (NP) organization; however, NP assembly in cholesteric (Ch) liquid crystals is only beginning to emerge. We show interactive morphogenesis of NP assemblies and a Ch liquid crystalline host formed by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), in which both the host and the guest experience marked changes in shape and structure as a function of concentration. At low NP loading, Ch-CNC droplets exhibit flat-ellipsoidal packing of Ch pseudolayers, while the NPs form a toroidal ring- or two cone-shaped assemblies at droplet poles. Increase in NP loading triggers reversible droplet transformation to gain a core-shell morphology with an isotropic core and a Ch shell, with NPs partitioning in the core and in disclinations. We show programmable assembly of droplets carrying magnetic NPs. This work offers a strategy for NP organization in Ch liquid crystals, thus broadening the spectrum of architectures of soft nanostructured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Corresponding author. (E.K.); (O.D.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Nancy Khuu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Prince
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Moien Alizadehgiashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Galati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Oleg D. Lavrentovich
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Department of Physics, and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
- Corresponding author. (E.K.); (O.D.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Corresponding author. (E.K.); (O.D.L.); (Y.L.)
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18
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Long TW, Córdova-Figueroa UM, Kretzschmar I. Measuring, Modeling, and Predicting the Magnetic Assembly Rate of 2D-Staggered Janus Particle Chains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8121-8130. [PMID: 31117723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of magnetic Janus particles in a quasi-two-dimensional environment with a dipole moment shifted from the center and oriented perpendicular to the Janus cap height is studied with optical microscopy and found to adhere to a general model accounting for the particle dipole strength, the particle Brownian dynamics, the initial concentration, and, most importantly, the magnetic dipole shift. The particle aggregates are treated as diffusing spherocylinders with length and width dependent on the magnetic dipole shift. Aggregation occurs irreversibly once particle aggregates enter within a distance at which Brownian and dipole forces are equal, defined as the capture distance. The capture distance model is expressed as a general Smoluchowski coagulation rate kernel for chains of an arbitrary length, dipole strength, and dipole shift, allowing for aggregation rate predictions for related systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Long
- Department of Chemical Engineering , City College of the City University of New York (CUNY) , New York , New York 10031 , United States
| | - Ubaldo M Córdova-Figueroa
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez (UPRM) , Mayaguez , Puerto Rico 00681 , United States
| | - Ilona Kretzschmar
- Department of Chemical Engineering , City College of the City University of New York (CUNY) , New York , New York 10031 , United States
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19
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Liu X, Peng M, Li G, Miao Y, Luo H, Jing G, He Y, Zhang C, Zhang F, Fan H. Ultrasonication-Triggered Ubiquitous Assembly of Magnetic Janus Amphiphilic Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostic Applications. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4118-4125. [PMID: 31140281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasonication-triggered interfacial assembly approach was developed to synthesize magnetic Janus amphiphilic nanoparticles (MJANPs) for cancer theranostic applications, where the biocompatible octadecylamine is used as a molecular linker to mediate the interactions between hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanoparticles across the oil-water interface. The obtained Co cluster-embedded Fe3O4 nanoparticles-graphene oxide (CCIO-GO) MJANPs exhibited superior magnetic heating efficiency and transverse relaxivity, 64 and 4 times higher than that of commercial superparamagnetic iron oxides, respectively. The methodology has been applicable to nanoparticles of various dimensions (5-100 nm), morphologies (sphere, ring, disk, and rod), and composition (metal oxides, noble metal and semiconductor compounds, etc.), thereby greatly enriching the array of MJANPs. In vivo theranostic applications using the tumor-bearing mice model further demonstrated the effectiveness of these MJANPs in high-resolution multimodality imaging and high-efficiency cancer therapeutics. The ubiquitous assembly approach developed in the current study pave the way for on-demand design of high-performance Janus amphiphilic nanoparticles for various clinical diagnoses and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
| | - Galong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Luo
- School of Physics , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shanxi 710069 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyin Jing
- School of Physics , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shanxi 710069 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan He
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Physics , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shanxi 710069 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science & The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710127 , People's Republic of China
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20
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Vega-Bellido GI, DeLaCruz-Araujo RA, Kretzschmar I, Córdova-Figueroa UM. Self-assembly of magnetic colloids with shifted dipoles. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:4078-4086. [PMID: 30942785 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02591f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of colloidal magnetic Janus particles with a laterally displaced (or shifted), permanent dipole in a quasi-two-dimensional system is studied using Brownian dynamics simulations. The rate of formation of clusters and their structures are quantified for several values of dipolar shift from the particle center, which is nondimensionalized using the particle's radius so that it takes values ranging from 0 to 1, and examined under different magnetic interaction strengths relative to Brownian motion. For dipolar shifts close to 0, chain-like structures are formed, which grow at long times following a power law, while particles of shift higher than 0.2 generally aggregate in ring-like clusters that experience limited growth. In the case of shifts between 0.4 and 0.5, the particles tend to aggregate in clusters of 3 to 6, while for all shifts higher than 0.6 clusters rarely contain more than 3 particles due to the antiparallel dipole orientations that are most stable at those shifts. The strength of the magnetic interactions hastens the rate at which clusters are formed; however, the effect it has on cluster size is lessened by increases in the shift of the dipoles. These results contribute to better understand the dynamics of magnetic Janus particles and can help the synthesis of functionalized materials for specific applications such as drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel I Vega-Bellido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico - Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA.
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21
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Lee JG, Porter V, Shelton WA, Bharti B. Magnetic Field-Driven Convection for Directed Surface Patterning of Colloids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15416-15424. [PMID: 30421934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drying sessile droplets is a promising route to transform colloidal dispersions into surface coatings, which are widely used in material design and biochemical detection. However, directing the assembly of the particles within drying droplets and achieving surface patterns beyond the well-known coffee-ring formation remain a challenge. Here, we present a new principle of directing the assembly of nonmagnetic colloidal particles dispersed in a magnetic fluid and generating unusual surface patterns. We use the ability of ferrofluids to change phases with the application of magnetic fields to program the assembly of nonmagnetic microparticles present in drying sessile droplets. We show that in the absence of external magnetic field, the superparamagnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic fluid are spontaneously transported to the droplet edge because of solvent evaporation. This nanoparticle transport leads to the formation of nanoparticle-rich edge and nanoparticle-depleted center of the drying droplet. Upon the application of a uniform external magnetic field, the asymmetry in the magnetic nanoparticle distribution drives a magnetostatic convection and finger-like instability from the droplet edge to the center. This magnetic microconvection from droplet edge-to-center reverses the particle transport from center-to-edge, well-known for drying droplets in the absence of external field. We use this magnetostatic microconvection to assemble secondary nonmagnetic microspheres in droplets, overwriting ring formation and direct their assembly into four distinct kinetically stable states. The method presented here offers an active control over the colloidal assembly achieved by drying sessile droplets and thus enables a new route for fabricating complex patterns and functional surface coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanel Porter
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Louisiana , Lafayette 70503 , Louisiana , United States
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22
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Yang Q, Miao X, Loos K. Fabrication of Nano-Sized Hybrid Janus Particles from Strawberry-Like Hierarchical Composites. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Yang
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoming Miao
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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23
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Fei W, Driscoll MM, Chaikin PM, Bishop KJM. Magneto-capillary dynamics of amphiphilic Janus particles at curved liquid interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:4661-4665. [PMID: 29749419 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00518d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous magnetic field can exert no net force on a colloidal particle. However, by coupling the particle's orientation to its position on a curved interface, even static homogeneous fields can be used to drive rapid particle motions. Here, we demonstrate this effect using magnetic Janus particles with amphiphilic surface chemistry adsorbed at the spherical interface of a water drop in decane. Application of a static homogeneous field drives particle motion to the drop equator where the particle's magnetic moment can align parallel to the field. As explained quantitatively by a simple model, the effective magnetic force on the particle scales linearly with the curvature of the interface. For particles adsorbed on small droplets such as those found in emulsions, these magneto-capillary forces can far exceed those due to magnetic field gradients in both magnitude and range. This mechanism may be useful in creating highly responsive emulsions and foams stabilized by magnetic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Fei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Lee K, Zhang L, Yi Y, Wang X, Yu Y. Rupture of Lipid Membranes Induced by Amphiphilic Janus Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3646-3657. [PMID: 29617553 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface coatings of nanoparticles determine their interaction with biomembranes, but studies have been limited almost exclusively to nanoparticles with a uniform surface chemistry. Although nanoparticles are increasingly made with complex surface chemistries to achieve multifunctionalities, our understanding of how a heterogeneous surface coating affects particle-biomembrane interaction has been lagging far behind. Here we report an investigation of this question in an experimental system consisting of amphiphilic "two-faced" Janus nanoparticles and supported lipid membranes. We show that amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles at picomolar concentrations induce defects in zwitterionic lipid bilayers. In addition to revealing the various effects of hydrophobicity and charge in particle-bilayer interactions, we demonstrate that the Janus geometry-the spatial segregation of hydrophobicity and charges on particle surface-causes nanoparticles to bind more strongly to bilayers and induce defects more effectively than particles with uniformly mixed surface functionalities. We combine experiments with computational simulation to further elucidate how amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles extract lipids to rupture intact lipid bilayers. This study provides direct evidence that the spatial arrangement of surface functionalities on a nanoparticle, rather than just its overall surface chemistry, plays a crucial role in determining how it interacts with biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwahun Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Liuyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , China
| | - Yi Yi
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Xianqiao Wang
- College of Engineering , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
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25
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Harder J, Cacciuto A. Hierarchical collective motion of a mixture of active dipolar Janus particles and passive charged colloids in two dimensions. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:022603. [PMID: 29548188 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.022603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We use computer simulations to study the behavior of a mixture of large passive charged colloids in a suspension of smaller active dipolar Janus particles. We find that when a single charged colloid is present in solution, it acquires a rotational or translational motion depending on how the active dipoles self-assemble on its surface to form active complexes. The collective behavior of these complexes is quite remarkable, and includes swarming behavior and coherent macroscopic motion. We detail how the variety of different phenomenologies emerging in this system can ultimately be controlled by the strength of the active forces and the relative concentration of the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harder
- Chemistry Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Cacciuto
- Chemistry Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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26
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DeLaCruz-Araujo RA, Beltran-Villegas DJ, Larson RG, Córdova-Figueroa UM. Shear-Induced Alignment of Janus Particle Lamellar Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:1051-1060. [PMID: 29077413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Control over the alignment of colloidal structures plays a crucial role in advanced reconfigurable materials. In this work, we study the alignment of Janus particle lamellar structures under shear flow via Brownian dynamics simulations. Lamellar alignment (orientation relative to flow direction) is measured as a function of the Péclet number (Pe)-the ratio of the viscous shear to the Brownian forces-the particle volume fraction, and the strength of the anisotropic interaction potential made dimensionless with thermal energy. Under conditions where lamellar structures are formed, three orientation regimes are observed: (1) random orientation for very small Pe, (2) parallel orientation-lamellae with their normals parallel to the direction of the velocity gradient-for intermediate values of Pe, and (3) perpendicular orientation-lamellae with their normals parallel to the vorticity direction-for large Pe. To understand the alignment mechanism, we carry out a scaling analysis of competing torques between a pair of particles in the lamellar structure. Our results suggest that the change of parallel to perpendicular orientation is independent of the particle volume fraction and is caused by the hydrodynamic and Brownian torques on the particles overcoming the torques resulting from the interparticle interactions. This initial study of shear-induced alignment on lamellar structures formed by Janus colloidal particles also opens the door for future applications where a reversible actuator for structure orientation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronal A DeLaCruz-Araujo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez , Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00681, United States
| | - Daniel J Beltran-Villegas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ronald G Larson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ubaldo M Córdova-Figueroa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez , Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00681, United States
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27
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Donaldson JG, Pyanzina ES, Kantorovich SS. Nanoparticle Shape Influences the Magnetic Response of Ferro-Colloids. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8153-8166. [PMID: 28763187 PMCID: PMC5571469 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b03064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The interesting magnetic response of conventional ferro-colloid has proved extremely useful in a wide range of technical applications. Furthermore, the use of nano/micro- sized magnetic particles has proliferated cutting-edge medical research, such as drug targeting and hyperthermia. In order to diversify and improve the application of such systems, new avenues of functionality must be explored. Current efforts focus on incorporating directional interactions that are surplus to the intrinsic magnetic one. This additional directionality can be conveniently introduced by considering systems composed of magnetic particles of different shapes. Here we present a combined analytical and simulation study of permanently magnetized dipolar superball particles; a geometry that closely resembles magnetic cubes synthesized in experiments. We have focused on determining the initial magnetic susceptibility of these particles in dilute suspensions, seeking to quantify the effect of the superball shape parameter on the system response. In turn, we linked the computed susceptibilities to the system microstructure by analyzing cluster composition using a connectivity network analysis. Our study has shown that by increasing the shape parameter of these superball particles, one can alter the outcome of self-assembly processes, leading to the observation of an unanticipated decrease in the initial static magnetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe G. Donaldson
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna 1090, Austria
- E-mail:
| | | | - Sofia S. Kantorovich
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Ural
Federal University, Lenin
av. 51, Ekaterinburg 620083, Russia
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28
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Coughlan ACH, Bevan MA. Effective colloidal interactions in rotating magnetic fields. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:074903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. H. Coughlan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Michael A. Bevan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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29
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Rucinskaite G, Thompson SA, Paterson S, de la Rica R. Enzyme-coated Janus nanoparticles that selectively bind cell receptors as a function of the concentration of glucose. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5404-5407. [PMID: 28426045 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00298j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A method is proposed for controlling the number of nanoparticles bound to cell membranes via RGDS peptide-integrin interactions. It consists of propelling nanoparticles bearing the peptides with enzymes (glucose oxidase), which disrupts biomolecular interactions as a function of the concentration of enzyme substrate (glucose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rucinskaite
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, Scotland, UK.
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30
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Rutkowski DM, Velev OD, Klapp SHL, Hall CK. Simulation study on the structural properties of colloidal particles with offset dipoles. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:3134-3146. [PMID: 28397900 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00226b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A major research theme in materials science is determining how the self-assembly of new generations of colloidal particles of complex shape and surface charge is guided by their interparticle interactions. In this paper, we describe results from quasi-2D Monte Carlo simulations of systems of colloidal particles with offset transversely-oriented extended dipole-like charge distributions interacting via an intermediate-ranged Yukawa potential. The systems are cooled slowly through an annealing procedure during which the temperature is lowered in discrete steps, allowing the system to equilibrate. We perform ground state calculations for two, three and four particles at several shifts of the dipole vector from the particle center. We create state diagrams in the plane spanned by the temperature and the area fraction outlining the boundaries between fluid, string-fluid and percolated states at various values of the shift. Remarkably we find that the effective cooling rate in our simulations has an impact on the structures formed, with chains being more prevalent if the system is cooled quickly and cyclic structures more prevalent if the system is cooled slowly. As the dipole is further shifted from the center, there is an increased tendency to assemble into small cyclic structures at intermediate temperatures. These systems further self-assemble into open lattice-like arrangements at very low temperatures. The novel structures identified might be useful for photonic applications, new types of porous media for filtration and catalysis, and gel matrices with unusual properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Rutkowski
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, USA.
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31
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Wu G, Cho H, Wood DA, Dinsmore AD, Yang S. Confined Assemblies of Colloidal Particles with Soft Repulsive Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5095-5101. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Wu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231
Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hyesung Cho
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231
Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Derek A. Wood
- Department
of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Hasbrouck Lab,
666 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Anthony D. Dinsmore
- Department
of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Hasbrouck Lab,
666 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Shu Yang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231
Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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32
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Yang Q, Loos K. Janus nanoparticles inside polymeric materials: interfacial arrangement toward functional hybrid materials. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances and successes in interfacial behavior of Janus NPs at interfaces are summarized, with the hope to motivate additional efforts in the studies of Janus NPs in polymer matrix for the design of functional hybrid nanostructures and devices with engineered, desired and tailored properties for real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Yang
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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33
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Lin CH, Chen YL, Jiang HR. Orientation-dependent induced-charge electrophoresis of magnetic metal-coated Janus particles with different coating thicknesses. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08527c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ICEP behavior of the metal-coated Janus particle is dominated by the thickness of its metallic coating and its orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsien Lin
- Institute of Applied Mechanics
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 106
- Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 106
- Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ren Jiang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 106
- Republic of China
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34
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Bharti B, Rutkowski D, Han K, Kumar AU, Hall CK, Velev OD. Capillary Bridging as a Tool for Assembling Discrete Clusters of Patchy Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14948-14953. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - David Rutkowski
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Koohee Han
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Aakash Umesh Kumar
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Carol K. Hall
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Orlin D. Velev
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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35
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Bharti B, Kogler F, Hall CK, Klapp SHL, Velev OD. Multidirectional colloidal assembly in concurrent electric and magnetic fields. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:7747-58. [PMID: 27537850 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Dipolar interactions between nano- and micron sized colloids lead to their assembly into domains with well-defined local order. The particles with a single dipole induced by an external field assemble into linear chains and clusters. However, to achieve the formation of multidirectionally organized nano- or microassemblies with tunable physical characteristics, more sophisticated interaction tools are needed. Here we demonstrate that such complex interactions can be introduced in the form of two independent, non-interacting dipoles (double-dipoles) within a microparticle. We show how this can be achieved by the simultaneous application of alternating current (AC)-electric field and uniform magnetic field to dispersions of superparamagnetic microspheres. Depending on their timing and intensity, concurrent electric and magnetic fields lead to the formation of bidirectional particle chains, colloidal networks, and discrete crystals. We investigate the mechanistic details of the assembly process, and identify and classify the non-equilibrium states formed. The morphologies of different experimental states are in excellent correlation with our theoretical predictions based on Brownian dynamics simulations combined with a structural analysis based on local energy parameters. This novel methodology of introducing and interpreting double-dipolar particle interactions may assist in the assembly of colloidal coatings, dynamically reconfigurable particle networks, and bidirectional active structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Bradley
- Department of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kathleen J. Stebe
- Department of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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37
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Fernandez-Rodriguez MA, Rodriguez-Valverde MA, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA, Hidalgo-Alvarez R. Surface activity of Janus particles adsorbed at fluid-fluid interfaces: Theoretical and experimental aspects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 233:240-254. [PMID: 26094083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Since de Gennes coined in 1992 the term Janus particle (JP), there has been a continued effort to develop this field. The purpose of this review is to present the most relevant theoretical and experimental results obtained so far on the surface activity of amphiphilic JPs at fluid interfaces. The surface activity of JPs at fluid-fluid interfaces can be experimentally determined using two different methods: the classical Langmuir balance or the pendant drop tensiometry. The second method requires much less amount of sample than the first one, but it has also some experimental limitations. In all cases collected here the JPs exhibited a higher surface or interfacial activity than the corresponding homogeneous particles. This reveals the significant advantage of JPs for the stabilization of emulsions and foams.
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38
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Steinbach G, Gemming S, Erbe A. Non-equilibrium dynamics of magnetically anisotropic particles under oscillating fields. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2016; 39:69. [PMID: 27412618 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2016-16069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we demonstrate how magnetic anisotropy of colloidal particles can give rise to unusual dynamics and controllable rearrangements under time-dependent fields. As an example, we study spherical particles with a radially off-centered net magnetic moment in an oscillating field. Based on complementary data from a numerical simulation of spheres with shifted dipole and experimental observations from particles with hemispherical ferromagnetic coating, it is explained on a two particle basis how this magnetic anisotropy causes nontrivial rotational motion and magnetic reorientation. We further present the behavior of larger ensembles of coated particles. It illustrates the potential for controlled reconfiguration based on the presented two-particle dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabi Steinbach
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sibylle Gemming
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Artur Erbe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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39
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Steinbach G, Nissen D, Albrecht M, Novak EV, Sánchez PA, Kantorovich SS, Gemming S, Erbe A. Bistable self-assembly in homogeneous colloidal systems for flexible modular architectures. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2737-43. [PMID: 26932530 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02899j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a homogeneous system of magnetic colloidal particles that self-assembles via two structural patterns of different symmetry. Based on a qualitative comparison between a real magnetic particles system, analytical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, it is shown that bistability can be achieved by a proper tailoring of an anisotropic magnetization distribution inside the particles. The presented bistability opens new possibilities to form two-dimensionally extended and flexible structures where the connectivity between the particles can be changed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Steinbach
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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40
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Yener AB, Klapp SHL. Self-assembly of three-dimensional ensembles of magnetic particles with laterally shifted dipoles. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2066-2075. [PMID: 26768903 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02648b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We consider a model of colloidal spherical particles carrying a permanent dipole moment which is laterally shifted out of the particles' geometrical centres, i.e. the dipole vector is oriented perpendicular to the radius of the particles. Varying the shift δ from the centre, we analyse ground state structures for two, three and four hard spheres, using a simulated annealing procedure. We also compare earlier ground state results. We then consider a bulk system at finite temperatures and different densities. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the equilibrium self-assembly properties for several shifts. Our results show that the shift of the dipole moment has a crucial impact on both the ground state configurations as well as the self-assembled structures at finite temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu B Yener
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10625 Berlin, Germany.
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41
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Seong Y, Kang TG, Hulsen MA, den Toonder JMJ, Anderson PD. Magnetic interaction of Janus magnetic particles suspended in a viscous fluid. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:022607. [PMID: 26986377 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.022607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We studied the magnetic interaction between circular Janus magnetic particles suspended in a Newtonian fluid under the influence of an externally applied uniform magnetic field. The particles are equally compartmentalized into paramagnetic and nonmagnetic sides. A direct numerical scheme is employed to solve the magnetic particulate flow in the Stokes flow regime. Upon applying the magnetic field, contrary to isotropic paramagnetic particles, a single Janus particle can rotate due to the magnetic torque created by the magnetic anisotropy of the particle. In a two-particle problem, the orientation of each particle is found to be an additional factor that affects the critical angle separating the nature of magnetic interaction. Using multiparticle problems, we show that the orientation of the particles has a significant influence on the dynamics of the particles, the fluid flow induced by the actuated particles, and the final conformation of the particles. Straight and staggered chain structures observed experimentally can be reproduced numerically in a multiple particle problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Seong
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 412-792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gon Kang
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 412-792, Republic of Korea
| | - Martien A Hulsen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M J den Toonder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick D Anderson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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42
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Ivanov AO, Kantorovich SS, Zverev VS, Elfimova EA, Lebedev AV, Pshenichnikov AF. Temperature-dependent dynamic correlations in suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles in a broad range of concentrations: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:18342-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02793h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the effects of temperature and concentration on the dynamic spectra of polydisperse magnetic nanoparticle suspensions.
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43
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Bharti B, Velev OD. Assembly of Reconfigurable Colloidal Structures by Multidirectional Field-Induced Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7897-908. [PMID: 25683680 DOI: 10.1021/la504793y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Field-directed colloidal assembly has shown remarkable recent progress in increasing the complexity, degree of control, and multiscale organization of the structures. This has largely been achieved by using particles of complex shapes and polarizabilites (Janus, patchy, shaped, and faceted). We review the fundamentals of the interactions leading to the directed assembly of such structures, the ways to simulate the dynamics of the process, and the effect of particle size, shape, and properties on the type of structure obtained. We discuss how directional polarization interactions induced by external electric and magnetic fields can be used to assemble complex particles or particle mixtures into lattices of tailored structure. Examples of such systems include isotropic and anisotropic shaped particles with surface patches, which form networks and crystals of unusual symmetry by dipolar, quadrupolar, and multipolar interactions in external fields. The emerging trends in making reconfigurable and dynamic structures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Orlin D Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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44
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Novak EV, Pyanzina ES, Kantorovich SS. Behaviour of magnetic Janus-like colloids. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:234102. [PMID: 26010700 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/23/234102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of Janus-like magnetic particles at low temperature. To describe the basic features of the Janus-type magnetic colloids, we put forward a simple model of a spherical particle with a dipole moment shifted outwards from the centre and oriented perpendicular to the particle radius. Using direct calculations and molecular dynamics computer simulations, we investigate the ground states of small clusters and the behaviour of bigger systems at low temperature. In both cases the important parameter is the dipolar shift, which leads to different ground states and, as a consequence, to a different microscopic behaviour in the situation when the thermal fluctuations are finite. We show that the head-to-tail orientation of dipoles provides a two-particle energy minima only if the dipoles are not shifted from the particle centres. This is one of the key differences from the system of shifted dipolar particles (sd-particles), in which the dipole was shifted outwards radially, studied earlier (Kantorovich et al 2011 Soft Matter 7 5217-27). For sd-particles the dipole could be shifted out of the centre for almost 40% before the head-to-tail orientation was losing its energetic advantage. This peculiarity manifests itself in the topology of the small clusters in the ground state and in the response of the Janus-like particle systems to an external magnetic field at finite temperatures.
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45
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Xie Q, Davies GB, Günther F, Harting J. Tunable dipolar capillary deformations for magnetic Janus particles at fluid-fluid interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3581-8. [PMID: 25790183 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Janus particles have attracted significant interest as building blocks for complex materials in recent years. Furthermore, capillary interactions have been identified as a promising tool for directed self-assembly of particles at fluid-fluid interfaces. In this paper, we develop theoretical models describing the behaviour of magnetic Janus particles adsorbed at fluid-fluid interfaces interacting with an external magnetic field. Using numerical simulations, we test the models predictions and show that the magnetic Janus particles deform the interface in a dipolar manner. We suggest how to utilise the resulting dipolar capillary interactions to assemble particles at a fluid-fluid interface, and further demonstrate that the strength of these interactions can be tuned by altering the external field strength, opening up the possibility to create novel, reconfigurable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguang Xie
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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46
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Yu X, Huang S, Chen K, Zhou Z, Guo X, Li L. Preparation of Functional Janus Particles with Response to Magnetic Force. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504299t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanji Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shibin Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Kaimin Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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47
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Yan J, Bae SC, Granick S. Colloidal superstructures programmed into magnetic Janus particles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:874-879. [PMID: 25503513 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
By engineering thin magnetic films onto homogeneous colloidal particles, various crystalline lattices are induced from simple magnetic Janus spheres. In situ formation of dicolloids amplifies the diversity of achievable dynamic structures. The competition between shape anisotropy and dipole orientation generates mesoscopic isomerism. This opens design space for anisotropic building blocks for smart colloidal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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48
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Shah AA, Schultz B, Zhang W, Glotzer SC, Solomon MJ. Actuation of shape-memory colloidal fibres of Janus ellipsoids. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:117-24. [PMID: 25384169 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many natural micrometre-scale assemblies can be actuated to control their optical, transport and mechanical properties, yet such functionality is lacking in colloidal structures synthesized thus far. Here, we show with experiments and computer simulations that Janus ellipsoids can self-assemble into self-limiting one-dimensional fibres with shape-memory properties, and that the fibrillar assemblies can be actuated on application of an external alternating-current electric field. Actuation of the fibres occurs through a sliding mechanism that permits the rapid and reversible elongation and contraction of the Janus-ellipsoid chains by ~36% and that on long timescales leads to the generation of long, uniform self-assembled fibres. Colloidal-scale actuation might be useful in microrobotics and in applications of shape-memory materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayush A Shah
- 1] Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [2] [3]
| | - Benjamin Schultz
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [2]
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sharon C Glotzer
- 1] Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [2] Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [3] Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [4] Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael J Solomon
- 1] Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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49
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Lee SY, Yang S. Compartment fabrication of magneto-responsive Janus microrod particles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1639-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Monodispersed magneto-responsive microrod particles of variable magnetic/non-magnetic ratios and chemical compositions are created by compartment fabrication in a single poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
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50
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Yabu H, Ohshima H, Saito Y. Double-phase-functionalized magnetic Janus polymer microparticles containing TiO2 and Fe2O3 nanoparticles encapsulated in mussel-inspired amphiphilic polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:18122-18128. [PMID: 25265162 DOI: 10.1021/am506530s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, anisotropic colloidal polymeric materials including Janus microparticles, which have two distinct aspects on their surfaces or interiors, have garnered much interest due to their anisotropic alignment and rotational orientation with respect to external electric or magnetic fields. Janus microparticles are also good candidates for pigments in "twisting ball type" electronic paper, which is considered promising for next-generation flexible display devices. We demonstrate here a universal strategy to encapsulate inorganic nanoparticles and to introduce different such inorganic nanoparticles into distinct polymer phases in Janus microparticles. TiO2 and Fe2O3 nanoparticles were separately encapsulated in two different mussel-inspired amphiphilic copolymers, and then organic-inorganic composite Janus microparticles were prepared by simple evaporation of solvent from the dispersion containing the polymer and nanoparticle. These Janus microparticles were observed to rotate quickly in response to applied magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yabu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, To̅hoku, 980-8577, Japan
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