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Sun X, Lian Y, Tian T, Cui Z. Advancements in Functional Nanomaterials Inspired by Viral Particles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402980. [PMID: 39058214 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins, exhibiting stable and symmetrical structures. Their precise compositions and dimensions provide versatile opportunities for modifications, enhancing their functionality. Consequently, VLP-based nanomaterials have gained widespread adoption across diverse domains. This review focuses on three key aspects: the mechanisms of viral capsid protein self-assembly into VLPs, design methods for constructing multifunctional VLPs, and strategies for synthesizing multidimensional nanomaterials using VLPs. It provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in virus-inspired functional nanomaterials, encompassing VLP assembly, functionalization, and the synthesis of multidimensional nanomaterials. Additionally, this review explores future directions, opportunities, and challenges in the field of VLP-based nanomaterials, aiming to shed light on potential advancements and prospects in this exciting area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxun Sun
- College of Life Science, Jiang Han University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yindong Lian
- College of Life Science, Jiang Han University, Wuhan, 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tao Tian
- College of Life Science, Jiang Han University, Wuhan, 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Gill WA, Aziz MT, Darwish HW, Janjua MRSA. Exploring HCl-HCl interactions: QZVPP calculations, improved Lennard-Jones potential, and second virial coefficient analysis for thermodynamics and industrial applications. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1890-1901. [PMID: 38192328 PMCID: PMC10772863 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04387h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of HCl-HCl interactions, including QZVPP calculations, energy fitting, conformation validation, and the determination of the second virial coefficient B using improved Lennard-Jones (ILJ) potential parameters. To acquire accurate interaction energies, initial QZVPP calculations are performed on approximately 1851 randomly generated HCl-HCl conformations. Then, these energies are used to fit an improved Lennard-Jones potential energy surface, allowing for a robust description of HCl-HCl interactions. The ILJ potential parameters are then used to validate particular HCl dimer conformations, ensuring their stability and consistency with experimental observations. The correlation between calculated and experimental conformations strengthens the validity of the ILJ potential parameters. In addition, the second viral coefficient B is calculated at various temperatures using the ILJ potential. The obtained B values are compared to experimental data, demonstrating close agreement, and validating the ILJ potential's ability to accurately capture the intermolecular interactions and gas-phase behavior of the HCl-HCl system. The results of this study demonstrate the effective implementation of QZVPP calculations, energy fitting, and ILJ potential parameters in validating HCl-HCl conformations and accurately determining the second virial coefficient B. The high degree of concordance between calculated B values and experimental data demonstrates the validity of the ILJ potential and its suitability for modeling HCl-HCl interactions. This research contributes to a greater comprehension of HCl-HCl interactions and their implications for numerous chemical and atmospheric processes. The validated conformations, energy fitting method, and calculated second virial coefficients provide valuable instruments for future research and pave the way for more accurate modeling and simulations of HCl-HCl systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Amber Gill
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia Avda Dr Moliner, 50, Burjassot E-46100 Valencia Spain
| | - Muhammad Tariq Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Hany W Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Wijesundara YH, Herbert FC, Kumari S, Howlett T, Koirala S, Trashi O, Trashi I, Al-Kharji NM, Gassensmith JJ. Rip it, stitch it, click it: A Chemist's guide to VLP manipulation. Virology 2022; 577:105-123. [PMID: 36343470 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are some of nature's most ubiquitous self-assembled molecular containers. Evolutionary pressures have created some incredibly robust, thermally, and enzymatically resistant carriers to transport delicate genetic information safely. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are human-engineered non-infectious systems that inherit the parent virus' ability to self-assemble under controlled conditions while being non-infectious. VLPs and plant-based viral nanoparticles are becoming increasingly popular in medicine as their self-assembly properties are exploitable for applications ranging from diagnostic tools to targeted drug delivery. Understanding the basic structure and principles underlying the assembly of higher-order structures has allowed researchers to disassemble (rip it), reassemble (stitch it), and functionalize (click it) these systems on demand. This review focuses on the current toolbox of strategies developed to manipulate these systems by ripping, stitching, and clicking to create new technologies in the biomedical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Fabian C Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Thomas Howlett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Shailendra Koirala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Orikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Ikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Noora M Al-Kharji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
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Wen AM, Steinmetz NF. Design of virus-based nanomaterials for medicine, biotechnology, and energy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4074-126. [PMID: 27152673 PMCID: PMC5068136 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00287g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of recent developments in "chemical virology." Viruses, as materials, provide unique nanoscale scaffolds that have relevance in chemical biology and nanotechnology, with diverse areas of applications. Some fundamental advantages of viruses, compared to synthetically programmed materials, include the highly precise spatial arrangement of their subunits into a diverse array of shapes and sizes and many available avenues for easy and reproducible modification. Here, we will first survey the broad distribution of viruses and various methods for producing virus-based nanoparticles, as well as engineering principles used to impart new functionalities. We will then examine the broad range of applications and implications of virus-based materials, focusing on the medical, biotechnology, and energy sectors. We anticipate that this field will continue to evolve and grow, with exciting new possibilities stemming from advancements in the rational design of virus-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Yoshimura H, Edwards E, Uchida M, McCoy K, Roychoudhury R, Schwarz B, Patterson D, Douglas T. Two-Dimensional Crystallization of P22 Virus-Like Particles. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5938-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Yoshimura
- Department
of Physics, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Ethan Edwards
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Masaki Uchida
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kimberly McCoy
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Raj Roychoudhury
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Dustin Patterson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Tyler, 3900 University Boulevard, Tyler, Texas 75799, United States
| | - Trevor Douglas
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Hosseinidoust Z, Olsson AL, Tufenkji N. Going viral: Designing bioactive surfaces with bacteriophage. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 124:2-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Liljeström V, Mikkilä J, Kostiainen MA. Self-assembly and modular functionalization of three-dimensional crystals from oppositely charged proteins. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4445. [PMID: 25033911 PMCID: PMC4109007 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent crystals and nanoparticle superlattices are a powerful approach to integrate different materials into ordered nanostructures. Well-developed, especially DNA-based, methods for their preparation exist, yet most techniques concentrate on molecular and synthetic nanoparticle systems in non-biocompatible environment. Here we describe the self-assembly and characterization of binary solids that consist of crystalline arrays of native biomacromolecules. We electrostatically assembled cowpea chlorotic mottle virus particles and avidin proteins into heterogeneous crystals, where the virus particles adopt a non-close-packed body-centred cubic arrangement held together by avidin. Importantly, the whole preparation process takes place at room temperature in a mild aqueous medium allowing the processing of delicate biological building blocks into ordered structures with lattice constants in the nanometre range. Furthermore, the use of avidin-biotin interaction allows highly selective pre- or post-functionalization of the protein crystals in a modular way with different types of functional units, such as fluorescent dyes, enzymes and plasmonic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Liljeström
- Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Molecular Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Joona Mikkilä
- Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Molecular Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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Fukuto M, Nguyen QL, Vasilyev O, Mank N, Washington-Hughes CL, Kuzmenko I, Checco A, Mao Y, Wang Q, Yang L. Crystallization, structural diversity and anisotropy effects in 2D arrays of icosahedral viruses. SOFT MATTER 2013; 9:9633-9642. [PMID: 26029772 PMCID: PMC4828961 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm51853a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate two-dimensional (2D) assembly of the icosahedral turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) under cationic lipid monolayers at the aqueous solution–vapor interface. The 2D crystallization of TYMV has been achieved by enhancing electrostatically induced interfacial adsorption, an approach recently demonstrated for another virus. In situ X-ray scattering reveals two close-packed 2D crystalline phases of TYMV that are distinct from the previously reported hexagonal and centered square (√2 × √2) arrays of TYMV. One of the newly observed phases arises from either a dimeric double-square (2 × 1) or tetrameric square (2 × 2) unit cell. The other is a rhombic crystal with a lattice angle of 80°. The two observed crystal phases are substantially less dense (by over 10%) than a 2D lattice of TYMV could be according to its known size and shape, indicating that local anisotropic interparticle interactions play a key role in stabilizing these crystals. TYMV's anisotropy attributes and numerical analysis of 2D arrays of virus-shaped particles are used to derive a model for the rhombic crystal in which the particle orientation is consistent with the electrostatic lipid–TYMV attraction and the interparticle contacts exhibit steric complementarity. The interplay between particle anisotropy and packing is contrasted between the rhombic crystal model and the square (√2 × √2) crystal. This study highlights how the high symmetry and subtle asphericity of icosahedral particles enrich the variety and complexity of ordered 2D structures that can be generated through self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Fukuto
- aCondensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA. E-mail:
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Saunders K, Lomonossoff GP. Exploiting plant virus-derived components to achieve in planta expression and for templates for synthetic biology applications. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 200:16-26. [PMID: 23452220 PMCID: PMC7167714 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the varying roles that have been played by many plant-viral regulatory sequences and proteins in the creation of plant-based expression systems and virus particles for use in nanotechnology. Essentially, there are two ways of expressing an exogenous protein: the creation of transgenic plants possessing a stably integrated gene construction, or the transient expression of the desired gene following the infiltration of the gene construct. Both depend on disarmed strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to deliver the created gene construction into cell nuclei, usually through the deployment of virus-derived components. The importance of efficient mRNA translation in the latter process is highlighted. Plant viruses replicate to sustain an infection to promote their survival. The major product of this, the virus particle, is finding increasing roles in the emerging field of bionanotechnology. One of the major products of plant-viral expression is the virus-like particle (VLP). These are increasingly playing a role in vaccine development. Similarly, many VLPs are suitable for the investigation of the many facets of the emerging field of synthetic biology, which encompasses the design and construction of new biological functions and systems not found in nature. Genetic and chemical modifications to plant-generated VLPs serve as ideal starter templates for many downstream synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Saunders
- Department of Biological ChemistryJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - George P. Lomonossoff
- Department of Biological ChemistryJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
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Mikkilä J, Rosilo H, Nummelin S, Seitsonen J, Ruokolainen J, Kostiainen MA. Janus-Dendrimer-Mediated Formation of Crystalline Virus Assemblies. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:720-724. [PMID: 35606958 DOI: 10.1021/mz400307h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic dendrimers have been shown to self-assemble with nanosized protein particles (viruses) to form highly ordered hierarchical assemblies. Here we present Janus-type dendrimers that have been synthesized from Newkome-type dendrons with hydrophilic spermine groups and hydrophobic Percec-type dendrons. These amphiphilic dendrimers bind electrostatically on the surface of virus particles and co-assemble into crystalline complexes with a lattice constant (a = 42 nm) comparable to the size of the virus particles. Small-angle X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy show that the complexes have a face-centered cubic structure (space group Fm3̅m) and remarkable long-range order. Results indicate that amphiphilic dendrimers can be utilized to create inclusion body mimicking nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joona Mikkilä
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
| | - Henna Rosilo
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Nummelin
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
| | - Jani Seitsonen
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Molecular Materials, Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076
Espoo, Finland
- Biohybrid
Materials, Department
of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
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Liu Z, Qiao J, Niu Z, Wang Q. Natural supramolecular building blocks: from virus coat proteins to viral nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6178-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35108k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
The capsids of most plant viruses are simple and robust structures consisting of multiple copies of one or a few types of protein subunit arranged with either icosahedral or helical symmetry. In many cases, capsids can be produced in large quantities either by the infection of plants or by the expression of the subunit(s) in a variety of heterologous systems. In view of their relative simplicity, stability and ease of production, plant virus particles or virus-like particles (VLPs) have attracted attention as potential reagents for applications in bionanotechnology. As a result, plant virus particles have been subjected to both genetic and chemical modification, have been used to encapsulate foreign material and have, themselves, been incorporated into supramolecular structures.
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Rubinstein A, Sabirianov RF, Mei WN, Namavar F, Khoynezhad A. Effect of the ordered interfacial water layer in protein complex formation: A nonlocal electrostatic approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 82:021915. [PMID: 20866845 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.021915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Using a nonlocal electrostatic approach that incorporates the short-range structure of the contacting media, we evaluated the electrostatic contribution to the energy of the complex formation of two model proteins. In this study, we have demonstrated that the existence of an ordered interfacial water layer at the protein-solvent interface reduces the charging energy of the proteins in the aqueous solvent, and consequently increases the electrostatic contribution to the protein binding (change in free energy upon the complex formation of two proteins). This is in contrast with the finding of the continuum electrostatic model, which suggests that electrostatic interactions are not strong enough to compensate for the unfavorable desolvation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rubinstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA.
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