1
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Cheng C, Shi JX, Kang EH, Nelson TF, Sander M, McNeill K, Hartwig JF. Polymers from Plant Oils Linked by Siloxane Bonds for Programmed Depolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12645-12655. [PMID: 38651821 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The increased production of plastics is leading to the accumulation of plastic waste and depletion of limited fossil fuel resources. In this context, we report a strategy to create polymers that can undergo controlled depolymerization by linking renewable feedstocks with siloxane bonds. α,ω-Diesters and α,ω-diols containing siloxane bonds were synthesized from an alkenoic ester derived from castor oil and then polymerized with varied monomers, including related biobased monomers. In addition, cyclic monomers derived from this alkenoic ester and hydrosiloxanes were prepared and cyclized to form a 26-membered macrolactone containing a siloxane unit. Sequential ring-opening polymerization of this macrolactone and lactide afforded an ABA triblock copolymer. This set of polymers containing siloxanes underwent programmed depolymerization into monomers in protic solvents or with hexamethyldisiloxane and an acid catalyst. Monomers afforded by the depolymerization of polyesters containing siloxane linkages were repolymerized to demonstrate circularity in select polymers. Evaluation of the environmental stability of these polymers toward enzymatic degradation showed that they undergo enzymatic hydrolysis by a fungal cutinase from Fusarium solani. Evaluation of soil microbial metabolism of monomers selectively labeled with 13C revealed differential metabolism of the main chain and side chain organic groups by soil microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jake X Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eun-Hye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Taylor F Nelson
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sander
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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2
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Shi C, Quinn EC, Diment WT, Chen EYX. Recyclable and (Bio)degradable Polyesters in a Circular Plastics Economy. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4393-4478. [PMID: 38518259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Polyesters carrying polar main-chain ester linkages exhibit distinct material properties for diverse applications and thus play an important role in today's plastics economy. It is anticipated that they will play an even greater role in tomorrow's circular plastics economy that focuses on sustainability, thanks to the abundant availability of their biosourced building blocks and the presence of the main-chain ester bonds that can be chemically or biologically cleaved on demand by multiple methods and thus bring about more desired end-of-life plastic waste management options. Because of this potential and promise, there have been intense research activities directed at addressing recycling, upcycling or biodegradation of existing legacy polyesters, designing their biorenewable alternatives, and redesigning future polyesters with intrinsic chemical recyclability and tailored performance that can rival today's commodity plastics that are either petroleum based and/or hard to recycle. This review captures these exciting recent developments and outlines future challenges and opportunities. Case studies on the legacy polyesters, poly(lactic acid), poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylene succinate), and poly(butylene-adipate terephthalate), are presented, and emerging chemically recyclable polyesters are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ethan C Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Wilfred T Diment
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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3
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Ghanem AF, Yassin MA, Cosquer R, Gouanvé F, Espuche E, Abdel Rehim MH. Polycaprolactone composite films infused with hyperbranched polyester/reduced graphene oxide: influence on biodegradability, gas/water transport and antimicrobial properties for sustainable packaging. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5740-5753. [PMID: 38362077 PMCID: PMC10864823 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08948g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have gained great interest as ecofriendly packaging materials. However, addition of suitable fillers to the polymer matrix enhances their barrier and mechanical properties besides gaining new features such as bactericidal activity. This work deals with investigation of mechanical, gas/water transport properties and biodegradability performance of films based on polycaprolactone (PCL) reinforced by 1wt% of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) or modified graphene (mRG). To achieve this goal, nanosheets of RGO were firstly prepared then their surfaces were modified through in situ polymerization of hyperbranched polyester (PES) to obtain mRG. Then PCL was loaded with both fillers, and the nanocomposite films were prepared by a casting technique. Studying of the thermal properties of the films showed that the addition of RGO or mRG had no influence on the crystallinity of the PCL matrix. Although the mechanical characteristics of the PCL did not change when either filler was added, there was an increase in permeability and diffusivity in the presence of the fillers regardless of their composition. Nevertheless, the nanocomposites demonstrated antimicrobial properties against S. aureus and E. coli as models for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. The biodegradability test performed on the prepared film PCL, and those containing 1% of the filler, PCL/RGO, and PCL/mRG, emphasized that the film degradation became pronounced after three months for all samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F Ghanem
- Packing and Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Packing and Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
- Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Lab., Center of Excellence, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
| | - Raphael Cosquer
- UMR CNRS 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Fabrice Gouanvé
- UMR CNRS 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Eliane Espuche
- UMR CNRS 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mona H Abdel Rehim
- Packing and Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
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4
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Bio-based polyamide nanocomposites of nanoclay, carbon nanotubes and graphene: a review. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-023-01164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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5
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Elastomeric copolyesters of ω-pentadecalactone and cyclohexylenedimethylene succinate obtained by enzymatic polymerization. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Puchkov AA, Sedush NG, Buzin AI, Bozin TN, Bakirov AV, Borisov RS, Chvalun SN. Synthesis and characterization of well-defined star-shaped poly(L-lactides). POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Pardeshi SR, Nikam A, Chandak P, Mandale V, Naik JB, Giram PS. Recent advances in PLGA based nanocarriers for drug delivery system: a state of the art review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1985495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar R. Pardeshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, India
| | - Aniket Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Priyanka Chandak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Vijaya Mandale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Jitendra B. Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, India
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
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Wan X, Jiang J, Tu Y, Xu S, Li J, Lu H, Li Z, Xiong L, Li X, Zhao Y, Tu Y. A cascade strategy towards the direct synthesis of green polyesters with versatile functional groups. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01124c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The cascade coupling of ROP and CP enables the facile synthesis of high functional group content biodegradable polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanyan Tu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Huanjun Lu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhikai Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lianhu Xiong
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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9
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Saar JS, Lienkamp K. Bioinspired All-Polyester Diblock Copolymers Made from Poly(pentadecalactone) and Poly(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzoate): Synthesis and Polymer Film Properties. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020; 221:2000118. [PMID: 34404982 PMCID: PMC7611513 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The bioinspired diblock copolymers poly(pentadecalactone)-block-poly(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-benzoate) (PPDL-block-P2HEB) were synthesized from pentadecalactone and dihydro-5H-1,4-benzodioxepin-5-one (2,3-DHB). No transesterification between the blocks was observed. In a sequential approach, PPDL obtained by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) was used to initiate 2,3-DHB. Here, the molar mass Mn of the P2HEB block was limited. In a modular approach, end-functionalized PPDL and P2HEB were obtained separately by ROP with functional initiators, and connected by 1,3-dipolar Huisgen reaction ("click-chemistry"). Block copolymer compositions from 85:15 mass percent to 28:72 mass percent (PPDL:P2HEB) were synthesized, with Mn of from about 30,000-50,000 g mol-1. The structure of the block copolymer was confirmed by proton NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Morphological studies by atomic force microscopy (AFM) further confirmed the block copolymer structure, while quantitative nanomechanical AFM measurements revealed that the DMT moduli of the block copolymers ranged between 17.2 ± 1.8 MPa and 62.3 ± 5.7 MPa, i.e. between the values of the parent P2HEB and PPDL homopolymers (7.6 ± 1.4 MPa and 801 ± 42 MPa, respectively). Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the thermal properties of the homopolymers were retained by each of the copolymer blocks (melting temperature 90 °C, glass transition temperature 36 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Saar
- Freiburg Center für Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Freiburg Center für Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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10
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Saar JS, Shi Y, Lienkamp K. Bioinspired All-Polyester Diblock Copolymers Made from Poly(pentadecalactone) and Poly(3-hydroxycinnamate): Synthesis and Polymer Film Properties. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020; 221:2000045. [PMID: 34404981 PMCID: PMC7611514 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A bioinspired diblock copolymer was synthesized from pentadecalactone and 3-hydroxy cinnamic acid. Poly(pentadecalactone) (PPDL) with a molar mass of up to 43,000 g mol-1 was obtained by ring-opening polymerization initiated propargyl alcohol. Poly(3-hydroxy cinnamate) (P3HCA) was obtained by polycondensation and end-functionalized with 3-azido propanol. The two functionalized homopolymers were connected via 1,3-dipolar Huisgen addition to yield the block copolymer PPDL-triazole-P3HCA. The structure the block copolymer was confirmed by proton NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and GPC. By analyzing the morphology of polymer films made from the homopolymers, from a 1:1 homopolymer blend, and from the PPDL-triazole-P3HCA block copolymer, clearly distinct micro- and nanostructures were revealed. Quantitative nanomechanical measurements revealed that the block copolymer PPDL-triazole-P3HCA had a DMT modulus of 22.3 ± 2.7 MPa, which was lower than that of the PPDL homopolymer (801 ± 42 MPa), yet significantly higher than that of the P3HCA homopolymer (1.77 ± 0.63 MPa). Thermal analytics showed that the melting point of PPDL-triazole-P3HCA was similar to PPDL (89-90 °C), while it had a glass transition was similar to P3HCA (123-124 °C). Thus, the semicrystalline, potentially degradable all-polyester block copolymer PPDL-triazole-P3HCA combines the thermal properties of either homopolymer, and has an intermediate elastic modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Saar
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yue Shi
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Kivijärvi T, Pappalardo D, Olsén P, Finne-Wistrand A. Inclusion of isolated α-amino acids along the polylactide chain through organocatalytic ring-opening copolymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Naddeo M, D'Auria I, Viscusi G, Gorrasi G, Pellecchia C, Pappalardo D. Tuning the thermal properties of poly(ethylene)‐like poly(esters) by copolymerization of ε‐caprolactone with macrolactones, in the presence of a pyridylamidozinc(II) complex. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Naddeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità del Sannio via de Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento Italy
| | - Ilaria D'Auria
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Gianluca Viscusi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria IndustrialeUniversità di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Giuliana Gorrasi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria IndustrialeUniversità di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Claudio Pellecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Daniela Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità del Sannio via de Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento Italy
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13
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Ji C, Jie S, Braunstein P, Li BG. Fast and controlled ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone catalyzed by benzoheterocyclic urea/MTBD catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01551b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
New benzoheterocyclic urea/MTBD catalysts are highly efficient and controllable in the ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone under solvent-free conditions or in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Suyun Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67081 Strasbourg Cedex
- France
| | - Bo-Geng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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14
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Phetsuk S, Molloy R, Nalampang K, Meepowpan P, Topham PD, Tighe BJ, Punyodom W. Physical and thermal properties of
l‐
lactide/ϵ‐caprolactone copolymers: the role of microstructural design. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sawarot Phetsuk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Robert Molloy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Kanarat Nalampang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Paul D Topham
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University Birmingham UK
| | - Brian J Tighe
- Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryAston University Birmingham UK
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
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15
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Saat MN, Mohamad Annuar MS. One-pot lipase-catalyzed esterification of ε-caprolactone with methyl-d-glucopyranoside and its elongation with free 6-hydroxyhexanoate monomer units. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 67:354-365. [PMID: 31746015 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of sugar-functionalized oligomeric caprolactone was carried out by lipase-catalyzed esterification of ε-caprolactone (ECL) with methyl-d-glucopyranoside (MGP) followed by the elongation of functionalized oligomer chain. Functionalization was performed in a custom-fabricated glass reactor equipped with Rushton turbine impeller and controlled temperature at 60 °C using tert-butanol as reaction medium. The overall reaction steps include MGP esterification of ECL monomer and its subsequent elongation by free 6-hydroxyhexanoate monomer units. A ping-pong bi-bi mechanism without ternary complex was proposed for esterification of ECL and MGP with apparent values of kinetic constant, namely maximal velocity (Vmax ), Michaelis constant for MGP (KmMGP ), and Michaelis constant for ECL (KmECL ) at 3.848 × 10-3 M H-1 , 8.189 × 10-2 M, and 6.050 M, respectively. Chain propagation step of MGP-functionalized ECL oligomer exhibits the properties of living polymerization mechanism. Linear relationship between conversion (%) and number average molecular weight, Mn (g mol-1 ), of functionalized oligomer was observed. Synthesized functionalized oligomer showed narrow range of molecular weight from 1,400 to 1,600 g mol-1 with more than 90% conversion achieved. Structural analysis confirmed the presence of covalent bond between the hydroxyl group in MGP with carboxyl end group of ECL oligomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naziz Saat
- Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar
- Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Engel J, Cordellier A, Huang L, Kara S. Enzymatic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Lactones: Traditional Approaches and Alternative Strategies. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Engel
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Alex Cordellier
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Selin Kara
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
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17
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Zhao H, Kanpadee N, Jindarat C. Ether-functionalized ionic liquids for nonaqueous biocatalysis: Effect of different cation cores. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Wilson JA, Ates Z, Pflughaupt RL, Dove AP, Heise A. Polymers from macrolactones: From pheromones to functional materials. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Amador AG, Watts A, Neitzel AE, Hillmyer MA. Entropically Driven Macrolide Polymerizations for the Synthesis of Aliphatic Polyester Copolymers Using Titanium Isopropoxide. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G. Amador
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Annabelle Watts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Angelika E. Neitzel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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20
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Munzeiwa WA, Nyamori VO, Omondi B. N,O-Amino-phenolate Mg(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base complexes: Synthesis and application in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and lactides. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Metal-free catalyzed ring-opening polymerization and block copolymerization of ω-pentadecalactone using amino-ended initiators. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Zhao H. Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of Polylactones: Roles of Non-Aqueous Solvents. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OXFORD, OXFORDSHIRE : 1986) 2018; 93:9-19. [PMID: 31929672 PMCID: PMC6953973 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters such as polylactides (PLAs) and other polylactones are thermoplastic, renewable and biocompatible polymers with high potentials to replace petro-chemical-based synthetic polymers. A benign route for synthesizing these polyesters is through the enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) reaction; this type of enzymatic process is very sensitive to reaction conditions such as solvents, water content and temperature. This review systematically discusses the crucial roles of different solvents (such as solvent-free or in bulk, organic solvents, supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, and aqueous biphasic systems) on the degree of polymerization and polydispersity. In general, many studies suggest that hydrophobic organic solvents with minimum water contents lead to efficient enzymatic polymerization and subsequently high molecular weights of polyesters; the selection of solvents is also limited by the reaction temperature, e.g. the ROP of lactide is often conducted at above 100 °C, therefore, the solvent typically needs to have its boiling point above this temperature. The use of supercritical fluids could be limited by its scaling-up potential, while ionic liquids have exhibited many advantages include their low-volatility, high thermal stability, controllable enzyme-compatibility, and a wide range of choices. However, the fundamental and mechanistic understanding of the specific roles of ionic liquids in enzymatic ROP reactions is still lacking. Furthermore, the lipase specificity towards l- and d-lactide is also surveyed, followed by the discussion of engineered lipases with improved enantioselectivity and thermal stability. In addition, the preparation of polyester-derived materials such as polyester-grafted cellulose by the enzymatic ROP method is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
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23
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Xiao X, Zhou F, Jiang J, Chen H, Wang L, Chen D, Xu Q, Lu J. Highly efficient polymerization via sulfur(vi)-fluoride exchange (SuFEx): novel polysulfates bearing a pyrazoline–naphthylamide conjugated moiety and their electrical memory performance. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02042b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two polysulfates (PolyTPP-NI and CPTPP-NI) were synthesized by a SuFEx click reaction, and their memory devices show Flash behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xiao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Feng Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Haifeng Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Lihua Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Dongyun Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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24
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Pothupitiya JU, Dharmaratne NU, Jouaneh TMM, Fastnacht KV, Coderre DN, Kiesewetter MK. H-Bonding Organocatalysts for the Living, Solvent-Free Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactones: Toward an All-Lactones, All-Conditions Approach. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinal U. Pothupitiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | | | - Terra Marie M. Jouaneh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Kurt V. Fastnacht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Danielle N. Coderre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Matthew K. Kiesewetter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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25
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Schwartz JM, Engler A, Phillips O, Lee J, Kohl PA. Determination of ceiling temperature and thermodynamic properties of low ceiling temperature polyaldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared M. Schwartz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta Georgia30332‐0100
| | - Anthony Engler
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta Georgia30332‐0100
| | - Oluwadamilola Phillips
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta Georgia30332‐0100
| | - Jihyun Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta Georgia30332‐0100
| | - Paul A. Kohl
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta Georgia30332‐0100
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26
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Polloni AE, Chiaradia V, Figura EM, De Paoli JP, de Oliveira D, de Oliveira JV, de Araujo PHH, Sayer C. Polyesters from Macrolactones Using Commercial Lipase NS 88011 and Novozym 435 as Biocatalysts. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:659-672. [PMID: 28836123 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The demand for environmentally friendly products allied with the depletion of natural resources has increased the search for sustainable materials in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Polyesters are among the most widely used biodegradable polymers in biomedical applications. In this work, aliphatic polyesters (from globalide and ω-pentadecalactone) were synthesized using a new commercial biocatalyst, the low-cost immobilized NS 88011 lipase (lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on a hydrophobic support). Results were compared with those obtained under the same conditions using a traditional, but more expensive, commercial biocatalyst, Novozym 435 (lipase B from C. antarctica immobilized on Lewatit VP OC). When NS 88011 was used in the polymerization of globalide, longer reaction times (240 min)-when compared to Novozym 435-were required to obtain high yields (80-90 wt%). However, higher molecular weights were achieved. When poly(ω-pentadecalactone) was synthesized, high yields and molecular weights (130,000 g mol-1) were obtained and the enzyme concentration showed strong influence on the polyester properties. This is the first report describing NS 88011 in polymer synthesis. The use of this cheaper enzymatic preparation can provide an alternative for polyester synthesis via enzymatic ring-opening polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Eliezer Polloni
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Viviane Chiaradia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Moresco Figura
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - João Pedro De Paoli
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - J Vladimir de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Hermes de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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27
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Myers D, Witt T, Cyriac A, Bown M, Mecking S, Williams CK. Ring opening polymerization of macrolactones: high conversions and activities using an yttrium catalyst. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00985b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening polymerization of macrolactones (C15–C23) is reported using an yttrium catalyst which shows high rates and conversions in the production of long-chain aliphatic polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Myers
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - T. Witt
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - A. Cyriac
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - M. Bown
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Ian Wark Laboratory
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - S. Mecking
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - C. K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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28
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d'Arcy R, Burke J, Tirelli N. Branched polyesters: Preparative strategies and applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:60-81. [PMID: 27189232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20years, the availability of precision chemical tools (e.g. controlled/living polymerizations, 'click' reactions) has determined a step change in the complexity of both the macromolecular architecture and the chemical functionality of biodegradable polyesters. A major part in this evolution has been played by the possibilities that controlled macromolecular branching offers in terms of tailored physical/biological performance. This review paper aims to provide an updated overview of preparative techniques that derive hyperbranched, dendritic, comb, grafted polyesters through polycondensation or ring-opening polymerization mechanisms.
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29
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Jiang Y, Loos K. Enzymatic Synthesis of Biobased Polyesters and Polyamides. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E243. [PMID: 30974520 PMCID: PMC6432488 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, "green" is a hot topic almost everywhere, from retailers to universities to industries; and achieving a green status has become a universal aim. However, polymers are commonly considered not to be "green", being associated with massive energy consumption and severe pollution problems (for example, the "Plastic Soup") as a public stereotype. To achieve green polymers, three elements should be entailed: (1) green raw materials, catalysts and solvents; (2) eco-friendly synthesis processes; and (3) sustainable polymers with a low carbon footprint, for example, (bio)degradable polymers or polymers which can be recycled or disposed with a gentle environmental impact. By utilizing biobased monomers in enzymatic polymerizations, many advantageous green aspects can be fulfilled. For example, biobased monomers and enzyme catalysts are renewable materials that are derived from biomass feedstocks; enzymatic polymerizations are clean and energy saving processes; and no toxic residuals contaminate the final products. Therefore, synthesis of renewable polymers via enzymatic polymerizations of biobased monomers provides an opportunity for achieving green polymers and a future sustainable polymer industry, which will eventually play an essential role for realizing and maintaining a biobased and sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja Loos
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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30
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Santucci J, Sanzone JR, Woerpel KA. [4+2] Cycloadditions of Seven‐Membered‐Ring trans‐Alkenes: Decreasing Reactivity with Increasing Substitution of the Seven‐Membered Ring. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Santucci
- Department of ChemistryNew York University100 Washington Square East10003New YorkNYUSA
| | - Jillian R. Sanzone
- Department of ChemistryNew York University100 Washington Square East10003New YorkNYUSA
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department of ChemistryNew York University100 Washington Square East10003New YorkNYUSA
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31
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Stempfle F, Ortmann P, Mecking S. Long-Chain Aliphatic Polymers To Bridge the Gap between Semicrystalline Polyolefins and Traditional Polycondensates. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4597-641. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Stempfle
- Chair of
Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Patrick Ortmann
- Chair of
Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of
Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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32
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Olsén P, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. Thermodynamic Presynthetic Considerations for Ring-Opening Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:699-709. [PMID: 26795940 PMCID: PMC4793204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The need for polymers for high-end applications, coupled with the desire to mimic nature's macromolecular machinery fuels the development of innovative synthetic strategies every year. The recently acquired macromolecular-synthetic tools increase the precision and enable the synthesis of polymers with high control and low dispersity. However, regardless of the specificity, the polymerization behavior is highly dependent on the monomeric structure. This is particularly true for the ring-opening polymerization of lactones, in which the ring size and degree of substitution highly influence the polymer formation properties. In other words, there are two important factors to contemplate when considering the particular polymerization behavior of a specific monomer: catalytic specificity and thermodynamic equilibrium behavior. This perspective focuses on the latter and undertakes a holistic approach among the different lactones with regard to the equilibrium thermodynamic polymerization behavior and its relation to polymer synthesis. This is summarized in a monomeric overview diagram that acts as a presynthetic directional cursor for synthesizing highly specific macromolecules; the means by which monomer equilibrium conversion relates to starting temperature, concentration, ring size, degree of substitution, and its implications for polymerization behavior are discussed. These discussions emphasize the importance of considering not only the catalytic system but also the monomer size and structure relations to thermodynamic equilibrium behavior. The thermodynamic equilibrium behavior relation with a monomer structure offers an additional layer of complexity to our molecular toolbox and, if it is harnessed accordingly, enables a powerful route to both monomer formation and intentional macromolecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K. Schneiderman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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34
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Pepels MPF, Hermsen I, Noordzij GJ, Duchateau R. Molecular Structure–Catalytic Activity Relationship in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of (Macro)lactones. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. F. Pepels
- Laboratory
of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Hermsen
- Laboratory
of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J. Noordzij
- Laboratory
of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Duchateau
- Laboratory
of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- SABIC Europe B.V., Urmonderbaan
22, 6160 AH Geleen, The Netherlands
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35
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Shoda SI, Uyama H, Kadokawa JI, Kimura S, Kobayashi S. Enzymes as Green Catalysts for Precision Macromolecular Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2307-413. [PMID: 26791937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present article comprehensively reviews the macromolecular synthesis using enzymes as catalysts. Among the six main classes of enzymes, the three classes, oxidoreductases, transferases, and hydrolases, have been employed as catalysts for the in vitro macromolecular synthesis and modification reactions. Appropriate design of reaction including monomer and enzyme catalyst produces macromolecules with precisely controlled structure, similarly as in vivo enzymatic reactions. The reaction controls the product structure with respect to substrate selectivity, chemo-selectivity, regio-selectivity, stereoselectivity, and choro-selectivity. Oxidoreductases catalyze various oxidation polymerizations of aromatic compounds as well as vinyl polymerizations. Transferases are effective catalysts for producing polysaccharide having a variety of structure and polyesters. Hydrolases catalyzing the bond-cleaving of macromolecules in vivo, catalyze the reverse reaction for bond forming in vitro to give various polysaccharides and functionalized polyesters. The enzymatic polymerizations allowed the first in vitro synthesis of natural polysaccharides having complicated structures like cellulose, amylose, xylan, chitin, hyaluronan, and chondroitin. These polymerizations are "green" with several respects; nontoxicity of enzyme, high catalyst efficiency, selective reactions under mild conditions using green solvents and renewable starting materials, and producing minimal byproducts. Thus, the enzymatic polymerization is desirable for the environment and contributes to "green polymer chemistry" for maintaining sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kadokawa
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University , Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shiro Kobayashi
- Center for Fiber & Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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36
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Fernández J, Etxeberria A, Sarasua JR. Synthesis and properties of ω-pentadecalactone-co-δ-hexalactone copolymers: a biodegradable thermoplastic elastomer as an alternative to poly(ε-caprolactone). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The copolymerization of ω-pentadecalactone with δ-hexalactone creates a new kind of low glass transition polyester that shows improved biodegradability and flexibility in comparison to poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Fernández
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- School of Engineering
- 48013 Bilbao
| | - Agustin Etxeberria
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian
- Spain
| | - Jose-Ramon Sarasua
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- School of Engineering
- 48013 Bilbao
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37
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Dueramae I, Nishida M, Nakaji-Hirabayashi T, Matsumura K, Kitano H. Biodegradable shape memory polymers functionalized with anti-biofouling interpenetrating polymer networks. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5394-5404. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01478j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) with high mechanical properties and biodegradability was constructed using a lactone copolymer (poly(ε-caprolactone-co-γ-butyrolactone), PCLBL), a diol- or triol-based chain extender (1,5-pentanediol, glycerol and 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol) and a diisocyanate cross-linker (1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate).
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Dueramae
- Frontier Research Core for Life Sciences
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
- Research Center of Micro/Nano Technology
| | - M. Nishida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - T. Nakaji-Hirabayashi
- Frontier Research Core for Life Sciences
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
| | - K. Matsumura
- School of Materials Science
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Nomi-shi
- Japan
| | - H. Kitano
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
- Institute for Polymer-Water Interfaces
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38
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MacDonald JP, Shaver MP. An aromatic/aliphatic polyester prepared via ring-opening polymerisation and its remarkably selective and cyclable depolymerisation to monomer. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01606a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening polymerisation of 2,3-dihydro-5H-1,4-benzodioxepin-5-one gives polyester homopolymers and copolymers that contain both aromatic and aliphatic linkages. The polymers can be easily depolymerised by Al catalysts.
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39
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Fernández J, Etxeberria A, Varga AL, Sarasua JR. Synthesis and characterization of ω-pentadecalactone-co-ε-decalactone copolymers: Evaluation of thermal, mechanical and biodegradation properties. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Kobayashi S. Enzymatic ring-opening polymerization and polycondensation for the green synthesis of polyesters. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kobayashi
- Center for Fiber and Textile Sciences; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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41
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Synthesis and characterization of poly(ω-pentadecalactone) for its industrial-scale production. Chem Res Chin Univ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-015-5092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Weng F, Li X, Wang Y, Wang WJ, Severtson SJ. Kinetics and Modeling of Ring-Opening Copolymerization of l
-Lactide and ε-Caprolactone. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyin Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P.R. China
| | - Yanjiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P.R. China
| | - Steven J. Severtson
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering; University of Minnesota; 2004 Folwell Avenue St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
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43
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Fuoco T, Meduri A, Lamberti M, Venditto V, Pellecchia C, Pappalardo D. Ring-opening polymerization of ω-6-hexadecenlactone by a salicylaldiminato aluminum complex: a route to semicrystalline and functional poly(ester)s. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The homo and co-polymerization of a large ring size lactone afforded unsaturated poly(esters), further modified to functional thermoplastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Fuoco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università di Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Angelo Meduri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie
- Università del Sannio
- 82100 Benevento
- Italy
| | - Marina Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università di Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università di Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Claudio Pellecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università di Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Daniela Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie
- Università del Sannio
- 82100 Benevento
- Italy
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44
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Piotrowska U, Sobczak M. Enzymatic polymerization of cyclic monomers in ionic liquids as a prospective synthesis method for polyesters used in drug delivery systems. Molecules 2014; 20:1-23. [PMID: 25546617 PMCID: PMC6272625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable or bioresorbable polymers are commonly used in various pharmaceutical fields (e.g., as drug delivery systems, therapeutic systems or macromolecular drug conjugates). Polyesters are an important class of polymers widely utilized in pharmacy due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility features. In recent years, there has been increased interest in enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (e-ROP) of cyclic esters as an alternative method of preparation of biodegradable or bioresorbable polymers. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been presented as green solvents in enzymatic ring-opening polymerization. The activity, stability, selectivity of enzymes in ILs and the ability to catalyze polyester synthesis under these conditions are discussed. Overall, the review demonstrates that e-ROP of lactones or lactides could be an effective method for the synthesis of useful biomedical polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
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45
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Xiang S, Zhang Q, Zhang G, Jiang W, Wang Y, Zhou H, Li Q, Tang J. Facile Synthesis of Block Copolymers by Tandem ROMP and eROP from Esters Precursors. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3112-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500723k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Xiang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Quanshun Li
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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46
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Zhang Z, Chen ML, Cheng XD, Shi ZG, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. A facile approach for the polymer grafting of silica based on tandem reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer/click chemistry and its application in high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1351:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Lipases in polymer chemistry. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 125:69-95. [PMID: 20859733 DOI: 10.1007/10_2010_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipases are highly active in the polymerization of a range of monomers. Both ring-opening polymerization of cyclic monomers such as lactones and carbonates as well as polycondensation reactions have been investigated in great detail. Moreover, in combination with other (chemical) polymerization techniques, lipase-catalyzed polymerization has been employed to synthesize a variety of polymer materials. Major advantages of enzymatic catalysts are the often-observed excellent regio-, chemo- and enantioselectivity that allows for the direct preparation of functional materials. In particular, the application of techniques such as Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR) in the lipase-catalyzed polymerization of racemic monomers is a new development in enzymatic polymerization. This paper reviews selected examples of the application of lipases in polymer chemistry covering the synthesis of linear polymers, chemoenzymatic polymerization and applications of enantioselective techniques for the synthesis and modification of polymers.
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48
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Hodge P. Entropically Driven Ring-Opening Polymerization of Strainless Organic Macrocycles. Chem Rev 2014; 114:2278-312. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400222p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hodge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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49
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Illy N, Taylan E, Brissault B, Wojno J, Boileau S, Barbier V, Penelle J. Synthesis and anionic ring-opening polymerization of crown-ether-like macrocyclic dilactones: An alternative route to PEG-containing polyesters and related networks. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Olsén P, Borke T, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. ε-Decalactone: A Thermoresilient and Toughening Comonomer to Poly(l-lactide). Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2883-90. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Borke
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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