1
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Synthesis of triazene-substituted homoconjugated push-pull chromophores by formal [2 + 2] cycloadditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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Heidarizadeh M, Doustkhah E, Saberi F, Rostamnia S, Hassankhani A, Rezaei PF, Ide Y. Silica Nanostructures, a Heterogeneous Surface for Dendrimer Functionalization. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidarizadeh
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Esmail Doustkhah
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Farveh Saberi
- Departamento de Quimica Organica; Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie; Ctra Nnal IV, Km 396, E- 14014 Cordoba Spain
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Asadollah Hassankhani
- Department of New Materials, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences; Graduate University of Advanced Technology; Kerman Iran
| | - Parisa Fathi Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Yusuke Ide
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
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3
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Urzúa JI, Regueira MA, Lazzari M, Torneiro M. Shape-persistent fluorescent tetraphenylmethane dendrimers. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01046f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of a new class of rigid dendrimers made of three-dimensional tetraphenylmethane units connected by ethynylene linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio I. Urzúa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - María A. Regueira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Massimo Lazzari
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Física
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Mercedes Torneiro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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4
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Dengiz C, Breiten B, Gisselbrecht JP, Boudon C, Trapp N, Schweizer WB, Diederich F. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Janus-Dendrimer-Type Multivalent Donor–Acceptor Systems. J Org Chem 2014; 80:882-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502367h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay Dengiz
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Breiten
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Gisselbrecht
- Laboratoire
d’Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut
de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S., Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Laboratoire
d’Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut
de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S., Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - W. Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Menning S, Krämer M, Duckworth A, Rominger F, Beeby A, Dreuw A, Bunz UHF. Bridged tolanes: a twisted tale. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6571-8. [PMID: 24937689 DOI: 10.1021/jo5010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rotational motion of tolanes along their acetylene axis is not fully understood. What happens to the optical and electronic properties if the tolane backbone is forced into a twisted conformation? Several tethers were investigated to obtain tolanophanes, fixing the torsion angle of the two phenyl rings. X-ray crystal structures revealed tether-specific torsion angles in the solid state. The absorption, emission, and excitation spectra were recorded. Twisted tethered tolane conformers showed blue-shifted absorption; emission spectra were all torsionally independent and identical. The tethered tolanes were embedded in a rigid matrix by freezing to 77 K; well-resolved emission spectra were recorded for planar tolanes, but for twisted systems unexpectedly long-lived phosphorescence was observed. How is this triplet emission explained? Quantum chemical calculations (TDDFT/cam-B3LYP/6-31G*) of the unsubstituted tolane showed that intersystem crossing (ISC) is favored with large spin-orbit coupling, which occurs when the molecular orbitals are orthogonal to each other; this is the case at the crossing of S1/T7. Also, a small energy difference between singlet and triplet states is required; we found that ISC can favorably take place at four crossings: S1/T6, S1/T7, S1/T(8,9), S1/T10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Menning
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Zhang S, Chen K, Liang L, Tan B. Synthesis of oligomer vinyl acetate with different topologies by RAFT/MADIX method and their phase behaviour in supercritical carbon dioxide. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Feng F, Lee SH, Cho SW, Kömürlü S, McCarley TD, Roitberg A, Kleiman VD, Schanze KS. Conjugated polyelectrolyte dendrimers: aggregation, photophysics, and amplified quenching. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:16679-16691. [PMID: 22970824 DOI: 10.1021/la303641m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolyte dendrimers (CPDs) are monodisperse macromolecules that feature a fully π-conjugated dendrimer core surrounded on the periphery by ionic solubilizing groups. CPDs are soluble in water and polar organic solvents, and they exhibit photophysics characteristic of the π-conjugated chromophores comprising the dendrimer core. Here we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of series of three generations of CPDs based on a phenylene ethynylene repeat unit structure that is surrounded by an array of anionic sodium carboxylate groups. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the first-generation CPD is flat while the second- and third-generation CPDs adopt oblate structures. Photophysical studies, including absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, and lifetimes, show that the ester protected precursor dendrimers exhibit highly efficient blue fluorescence in THF solution emanating from the phenylene ethynylene chromophore that is in the dendrimer core. By contrast, the water-soluble CPDs have much lower fluorescence quantum yields and the absorption and fluorescence spectra exhibit features of strong chromophore-chromophore interactions. The results are interpreted as suggesting that the CPDs exist as dimer or multimer aggregates, even in very dilute solution. Fluorescence quenching of the anionic CPDs with the dication electron acceptor N,N'-dimethylviologen (MV(2+)) is very efficient, with Stern-Volmer quenching constants (K(SV)) increasing with generation number. The third-generation CPD exhibits highly efficient amplified quenching, with K(SV) ∼ 5 × 10(6) M(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fude Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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8
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Montealegre C, Rasines B, Gómez R, de la Mata FJ, García-Ruiz C, Marina ML. Characterization of carboxylate-terminated carbosilane dendrimers and their evaluation as nanoadditives in capillary electrophoresis for vegetable protein profiling. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1234:16-21. [PMID: 22429548 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein profiles are becoming an important tool to differentiate and classify varieties of several cultivars and to obtain a specific fingerprint for them. The use of protein profiles for these purposes needs to achieve high separation efficiencies to obtain a high number of well resolved peaks. In this work, carbosilane dendrimers with interior carbon-silicon bonds and negatively charged in the dendrimer surface with carboxylic acid as functional groups were employed as nanoadditives to separate soybean and olive seeds proteins. First, these dendrimers were characterized using CE to evaluate their possible impurities. A potentiometric titration was later carried out to determine their pK(a) values. Afterwards, the characterized dendrimers were used to improve the protein profiles obtained by EKC for vegetable proteins. Different dendrimer generations (G1, G2, and G3) and concentrations (0.01-1% m/v) were tested. The highest dendrimer generation G3 at 0.1% (m/v) allowed observing the best protein profiles for soybean and olive seeds. These results demonstrate that carboxylate-terminated carbosilane dendrimers are attractive nanoadditives in EKC for the effective separation of vegetable proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montealegre
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Li J, Huang P. A simple and efficient synthesis of 1,3,5-tris[2-(3,5-diethynylphenyl)ethynyl]benzene from 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0356-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Yuan Z, Zheng S, Zeng Y, Chen J, Han Y, Li Y, Li Y. Photosensitized oxidation of alkenes with dendrimers as microreactors: controllable selectivity between energy and electron transfer pathway. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00786e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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12
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Niamnont N, Siripornnoppakhun W, Rashatasakhon P, Sukwattanasinitt M. A Polyanionic Dendritic Fluorophore for Selective Detection of Hg2+ in Triton X-100 Aqueous Media. Org Lett 2009; 11:2768-71. [PMID: 19496606 DOI: 10.1021/ol900929g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nakorn Niamnont
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Warathip Siripornnoppakhun
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Paitoon Rashatasakhon
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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13
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Kowalczuk A, Vandendriessche A, Trzebicka B, Mendrek B, Szeluga U, Cholewiński G, Smet M, Dworak A, Dehaen W. Core‐shell nanoparticles with hyperbranched poly(arylene‐oxindole) interiors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie‐Sklodowskiej 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Annelies Vandendriessche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, 200F, B‐3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie‐Sklodowskiej 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Mendrek
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45‐052 Opole, Poland
| | - Urszula Szeluga
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie‐Sklodowskiej 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cholewiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80‐952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mario Smet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, 200F, B‐3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie‐Sklodowskiej 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45‐052 Opole, Poland
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, 200F, B‐3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
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Ambade AV, Aathimanikandan SV, van der Poll D, Thayumanavan S. Smaller building blocks form larger assemblies: aggregation behavior of biaryl-based dendritic facial amphiphiles. J Org Chem 2007; 72:8167-74. [PMID: 17915918 DOI: 10.1021/jo070447r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and micellar behavior of biaryl-based benzyl ether dendritic molecules prepared from a new biaryl building block are described. The key objective of the study is to tune the size of individual dendritic molecules and investigate its effect on aggregation behavior of the resulting micelle-like assemblies. We show that the functional group placement in the building block influences flexibility of the dendritic backbone and interior volume available for packing the hydrophobic groups, which is reflected in different aggregation behavior and aggregate size of the two types of micellar assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashootosh V Ambade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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15
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Namazi H, Adeli M. Synthesis of barbell-like triblock copolymers, dendritic triazine-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-dendritic triazine and investigation of their solution behaviors. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Shi X, Bányai I, Lesniak WG, Islam MT, Országh I, Balogh P, Baker JR, Balogh LP. Capillary electrophoresis of polycationic poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:2949-59. [PMID: 15995982 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Generation 2 to generation 5 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers having different terminal functionalities were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was also used to assess the composition of the individual generations for comparison with the CE results. Separation of PAMAMs can be accomplished by either using uncoated silica or silanized silica capillaries, although reproducibility is poor using the uncoated silica capillary. To improve run-to-run reproducibility, silanized capillary was used and various internal standards were also tested. Relative and normalized migration times of primary amine terminated PAMAM dendrimers were then determined using 2,3-diaminopyridine (2,3-DAP) as an internal standard. Using silanized capillaries and internal standards, the relative and normalized migration times are fully reproducible and comparable between runs. Apparent dimensionless electrophoretic mobilities were determined and the results were compared to theoretical calculations. It is concluded that for PAMAMs a complex separation mechanism has to be considered in CE, where the movement of the ions is due to the electric field, but the separation is rather the consequence of the adsorption/desorption equilibria on the capillary wall ("electrokinetic capillary chromatography"). The described method may be used for quality control and may serve as an effective technique to analyze polycationic PAMAM dendrimers and their derivatives with different surface modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Shi
- Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
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17
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Shi X, Majoros IJ, Baker JR. Capillary Electrophoresis of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers: From Simple Derivatives to Complex Multifunctional Medical Nanodevices. Mol Pharm 2005; 2:278-94. [PMID: 16053331 DOI: 10.1021/mp0500216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-based nanodevices provide novel nanoplatforms for targeting, imaging, and treatment of cancers in vitro and in vivo. Generational, skeletal, and substitutional dispersities are always present in dendrimer-based medical nanodevices. Molecular distribution plays a central role for one to evaluate the quality of PAMAM materials for medical applications. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been extensively used as a characterization technique to analyze a range of PAMAM dendrimers, from simple PAMAM derivatives to complex multifunctional PAMAM nanodevices. This review reports the recent advances in the analysis and characterization of a variety of PAMAM dendrimer-based nanoparticles ranging from polycationic and polyanionic PAMAM derivatives to PAMAMs of different generations and defined substitutions, and to complex multifunctional PAMAM nanodevices containing targeting ligands, dyes, and drugs. Understanding the structural complexity of dendrimer nanodevices is crucial for their use as multifunctional imaging, targeting, and cancer therapeutic devices, as well as for their use in biosensing, diagnostics, and control of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Shi
- Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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18
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Cottet H, Simó C, Vayaboury W, Cifuentes A. Nonaqueous and aqueous capillary electrophoresis of synthetic polymers. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1068:59-73. [PMID: 15844543 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) to analyze synthetic polymers is reviewed including works published till February 2004. The revised works have been classified depending on the CE mode (e.g., free solution capillary electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, etc.) and type of buffer (i.e., nonaqueous, aqueous and hydro-organic background electrolytes) employed to separate synthetic macromolecules. Advantages and drawbacks of these different separation procedures for polymer analysis are discussed. Also, physicochemical studies of complex polymer systems by CE are reviewed, including drug release studies, synthetic polyampholytes, dendrimers, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and associative copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Cottet
- Organisation Moléculaire, Evolution et Matériaux Fluorés, UMR CNRS 5073, Université de Montpellier 2, Case Courrier 017, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
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19
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Newkome GR, Kotta KK, Mishra A, Moorefield CN. Synthesis of Water-Soluble, Ester-Terminated Dendrons and Dendrimers Containing Internal PEG Linkages. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049017i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, Department of Chemisry, Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400 005, India
| | - Kishore K. Kotta
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, Department of Chemisry, Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400 005, India
| | - Amaresh Mishra
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, Department of Chemisry, Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400 005, India
| | - Charles N. Moorefield
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, Department of Chemisry, Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400 005, India
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20
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Kaanumalle LS, Nithyanandhan J, Pattabiraman M, Jayaraman N, Ramamurthy V. Water-Soluble Dendrimers as Photochemical Reaction Media: Chemical Behavior of Singlet and Triplet Radical Pairs Inside Dendritic Reaction Cavities. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:8999-9006. [PMID: 15264831 DOI: 10.1021/ja049492w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble poly(alkyl aryl ether) dendrimers have been explored for their use as hosts of organic substrates in aqueous media. Prototypical photoreactions, namely, photo-Fries reaction of (a) 1-naphthyl benzoate and (b) 1-naphthyl phenyl ester and alpha-cleavage reaction of (a) dibenzyl ketones and (b) benzoin alkyl ethers, have been examined. We find that a dendritic microenvironment not only restricts the mobility of radical intermediates but also rigidly encapsulates the substrate, intermediates, and products from "leaking" to the bulk environment. Comparative studies of the same photoreactions in micellar media demonstrate that dendritic media offer much better constrainment than the micelles.
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21
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Kikuzawa Y, Nagata T. Synthesis and Properties of New, Spatially Relaxed Dendrons Containing Internal Carboxyl Groups. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.77.993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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22
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Namazi H, Adeli M. Solution proprieties of dendritic triazine/poly(ethylene glycol)/dendritic triazine block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Synthesis and Liquid Crystalline Properties of Hyperbranched Aromatic Polyesters Consisting of Azoxybenzene Mesogens and Polymethylene Spacers. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2002. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2002.23.9.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Grayson SM, Fréchet JM. Convergent dendrons and dendrimers: from synthesis to applications. Chem Rev 2001; 101:3819-68. [PMID: 11740922 DOI: 10.1021/cr990116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1173] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Grayson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
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25
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Gong LZ, Pu L. Synthesis of a chiral micelle-like dendrimer with phenylene dendrons and a 1,1′-binaphthyl core. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Laufersweiler MJ, Rohde JM, Chaumette JL, Sarazin D, Parquette JR. Synthesis, aggregation, and chiroptical properties of chiral, amphiphilic dendrimers. J Org Chem 2001; 66:6440-52. [PMID: 11559197 DOI: 10.1021/jo010423z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of amphiphilic dendrimers based on 3,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol containing tri- or tetrafunctional chiral central cores and allyl ester termini are described. Water solubility is imparted to the dendrimers via a palladium-catalyzed deprotection of the peripheral allyl esters. This method affords complete deprotection of the carboxylate surface because, in contrast to the basic hydrolysis of methyl ester termini, the solubility of partially hydrolyzed intermediates is maintained throughout the course of the deprotection, thereby avoiding precipitation during the reaction. Chiroptical analysis indicates that the structure of the dendrimers collapses in water, resulting in an increased steric effect upon the central core that is manifested by lower optical rotatory power. However, contributions to the chiroptical properties from the dendron branch segments were not evident in water or organic media, suggesting that chiral substructures were not developing in the branch segments of the dendrimers. Multiangle light scattering studies revealed that the dendrimers experienced significant aggregation in aqueous media that decreased at higher generations. This behavior could be rationalized by a change in conformational preference from a disklike conformation at low generations to a more globular conformation at higher generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Laufersweiler
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Kimura M, Shiba T, Yamazaki M, Hanabusa K, Shirai H, Kobayashi N. Construction of regulated nanospace around a porphyrin core. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:5636-42. [PMID: 11403594 DOI: 10.1021/ja004312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,3,5-phenylene-based rigid dendritic porphyrins were synthesized by Suzuki coupling between a porphyrin core and dendron units. The intramolecular energy transfer was studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. The encapsulation of the porphyrin core within the 1,3,5-phenylene dendron units was found to provide highly efficient energy transfer from the dendron units to the porphyrin core. The dendritic wedge structure affected the energy transfer efficiency. The 1,3,5-phenylene-based rigid dendron units act as highly efficient light-harvesting antennae. These dendritic porphyrins have also been examined as C(60) hosts and substrate-selective oxidation catalysts. The attachment of the second generation of 1,3,5-phenylene-based dendron units with the porphyrin core enabled a stable inclusion of C(60) in toluene. Furthermore, the size and shape of the nanospace in the rigid dendritic porphyrins were found to affect the selectivity of substrates in the catalytic olefin oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kimura
- Department of Functional Polymer Science, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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Zhou L, Russell DH, Zhao M, Crooks RM. Characterization of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers and Their Complexes with Cu2+ by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma001782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - David H. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Richard M. Crooks
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
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Hannon MJ, Mayers PC, Taylor PC. A Dendritic Structure Containing a Designed Cleft which Controls Ligand Coordination Behavior in an Analogous Way to Proteins This work was supported by the Leverhulme Trust. We thank the University of Warwick National 9.4T FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Facility (EPSRC/BBSRC) for recording the FT-ICR mass spectra and the EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Centre, Swansea, for recording other mass spectra. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:1081-1084. [PMID: 11268081 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010316)40:6<1081::aid-anie10810>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Hannon
- Centre for Supramolecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL (UK)
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Hannon MJ, Mayers PC, Taylor PC. A Dendritic Structure Containing a Designed Cleft which Controls Ligand Coordination Behavior in an Analogous Way to Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010316)113:6<1115::aid-ange11150>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Eichman JD, Bielinska AU, Kukowska-Latallo JF, Baker JR. The use of PAMAM dendrimers in the efficient transfer of genetic material into cells. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY TODAY 2000; 3:232-245. [PMID: 10884679 DOI: 10.1016/s1461-5347(00)00273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have steadily grown in popularity in the past decade in a variety of disciplines, ranging from materials science to biomedicine. This can be attributed in part to their use in applications that range from computer toners to medical diagnostics. PAMAM dendrimers are safe and nonimmunogenic, and can function as highly efficient cationic polymer vectors for delivering genetic material into cells. They have been shown to be as efficient or more efficient than either cationic liposomes or other cationic polymers (e.g. polyethylenimine, polylysine) for in vitro gene transfer. This article will focus on the application of PAMAM dendrimers as a nonviral gene delivery vector from the initial discovery of this capacity to the most recent experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Eichman
- University of Michigan, Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, 9240 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Morikawa A, Ono K. Preparation of Poly(ether ether ketone) Dendrimers by the Divergen Method. Polym J 2000. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.32.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Warren T. Ford
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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Weener JW, van Dongen JLJ, Meijer EW. Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Studies of Poly(Propylene Imine) Dendrimers: Probing Reactivity in the Gas Phase. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja984432+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morikawa A, Ono K. Preparation of Poly(ether ketone) Dendrons with Graded Structures. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma981206b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Morikawa
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
| | - Katsumichi Ono
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
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Gallardo A, Rocío Lemus A, San Román J, Cifuentes A, Díez-Masa JC. Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Applied to Copolymer Systems with Heterogeneous Distribution. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma981144p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Hedrick JL, Trollsås M, Hawker CJ, Atthoff B, Claesson H, Heise A, Miller RD, Mecerreyes D, Jérôme R, Dubois P. Dendrimer-like Star Block and Amphiphilic Copolymers by Combination of Ring Opening and Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980932b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ph. Dubois
- Laboratory of Polymer and Composite Materials, University of Mons-Hainaut, Place du Parc, 20, 700 Mons, Belgium
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Hahn SW, Yun YK, Jin JI, Han OH. Thermotropic Hyperbranched Polyesters Prepared from 2-[(10-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)decyl)oxy]terephthalic Acid and 2-[(10-((4‘-Hydroxy-1,1‘-biphenyl-4-yl)oxy)decyl)oxy]terephthalic Acid. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma971812r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Research Center, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Yong-Kuk Yun
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Research Center, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Jung-Il Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Research Center, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Oc Hee Han
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Taejon 305-333, Korea
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Chow HF, Mong TKK, Nongrum MF, Wan CW. The synthesis and properties of novel functional dendritic molecules. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00409-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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