1
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Chen D, Ye S, Zhang X, Zhang L, Fan F, Hu J, Fu Y, Wang T. pH-Responsive, Wide Color Gamut Dynamic Color Display Enabled by PDMAEMA Brush-Based Fabry-Perot Resonant Cavity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36892-36900. [PMID: 38963902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic color-changing materials have attracted broad interest due to their widespread applications in visual sensing, dynamic color display, anticounterfeiting, and image encryption/decryption. In this work, we demonstrate a novel pH-responsive dynamic color-changing material based on a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity with a pH-responsive poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brush layer as the responsive insulating layer. The pH-responsive PDMAEMA brush undergoes protonation at a low pH value (pH < 6), which induces different swelling degrees in response to pH and thus refractive index and thickness change of the insulator layer of the MIM FP cavity. This leads to significant optical property changes in transmission and a distinguishable color change spanning the whole visible region by adjusting the pH value of the external environment. Due to the reversible conformational change of the PDMAEMA and the formation of covalent bonds between the PDMAEMA molecular chain and the Ag substrate, the MIM FP cavity exhibits stable performance and good reproducibility. This pH-responsive MIM FP cavity establishes a new way to modulate transmission color in the full visible region and exhibits a broad prospect of applications in dynamic color display, real-time environment monitoring, and information encryption and decryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Shunsheng Ye
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Liying Zhang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jianshe Hu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
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2
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Brotherton EE, Johnson EC, Smallridge MJ, Hammond DB, Leggett GJ, Armes SP. Hydrophilic Aldehyde-Functional Polymer Brushes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Bioapplications. Macromolecules 2023; 56:2070-2080. [PMID: 36938510 PMCID: PMC10018759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) is used to polymerize a cis-diol-functional methacrylic monomer (herein denoted GEO5MA) from planar silicon wafers. Ellipsometry studies indicated dry brush thicknesses ranging from 40 to 120 nm. The hydrophilic PGEO5MA brush is then selectively oxidized using sodium periodate to produce an aldehyde-functional hydrophilic PAGEO5MA brush. This post-polymerization modification strategy provides access to significantly thicker brushes compared to those obtained by surface-initiated ARGET ATRP of the corresponding aldehyde-functional methacrylic monomer (AGEO5MA). The much slower brush growth achieved in the latter case is attributed to the relatively low aqueous solubility of the AGEO5MA monomer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed that precursor PGEO5MA brushes were essentially fully oxidized to the corresponding PAGEO5MA brushes within 30 min of exposure to a dilute aqueous solution of sodium periodate at 22 °C. PAGEO5MA brushes were then functionalized via Schiff base chemistry using an amino acid (histidine), followed by reductive amination with sodium cyanoborohydride. Subsequent XPS analysis indicated that the mean degree of histidine functionalization achieved under optimized conditions was approximately 81%. Moreover, an XPS depth profiling experiment confirmed that the histidine groups were uniformly distributed throughout the brush layer. Surface ζ potential measurements indicated a significant change in the electrophoretic behavior of the zwitterionic histidine-functionalized brush relative to that of the non-ionic PGEO5MA precursor brush. The former brush exhibited cationic character at low pH and anionic character at high pH, with an isoelectric point being observed at around pH 7. Finally, quartz crystal microbalance studies indicated minimal adsorption of a model globular protein (BSA) on a PGEO5MA brush-coated substrate, whereas strong protein adsorption via Schiff base chemistry occurred on a PAGEO5MA brush-coated substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Brotherton
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Edwin C. Johnson
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | | | - Deborah B. Hammond
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Graham J. Leggett
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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3
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Wang G, Lv Z, Wang C, Chen D, Zhang X, Zhang L, Fan F, Fu Y, Wang T. A portable and miniaturized lab-on-fiber sensor based on a responsive Fabry-Perot resonance cavity for the detection of thiocyanate. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3766-3772. [PMID: 36106840 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01110g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thiocyanate (SCN-) detection is highly significant because of the toxicity of SCN-. Herein, a portable and miniaturized lab-on-fiber (LOF) sensor is reported for the detection of SCN- through integrating a Fabry-Perot (F-P) optical resonance cavity based on anionic-responsive metal-insulator-metal (MIM) onto an optical fiber tip. The responsive MIM optical resonance cavity is constructed with an intermediate cationic polymer brush layer (poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride, PMETAC) and two silver layers via a facile in situ "layer-by-layer" construction method. When the fabricated LOF sensor was immersed in SCN- solutions, an obvious reflection dip shift can be observed, which is feasible for the quantitative detection of SCN-. What's more, the fabricated LOF sensor exhibits outstanding selectivity and anti-interference against other interfering anions. Furthermore, the fabricated LOF sensor also displays other excellent advantages endowed by the polymer brush film, such as a fast response rate and outstanding reproducibility. Therefore, it is believed that the fabricated miniaturized LOF sensor would show great potential as a portable sensor in future applications, such as environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Wang
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Zhixin Lv
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Liying Zhang
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
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4
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Flejszar M, Ślusarczyk K, Chmielarz P, Wolski K, Isse AA, Gennaro A, Wytrwal-Sarna M, Oszajca M. Working electrode geometry effect: A new concept for fabrication of patterned polymer brushes via SI-seATRP at ambient conditions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Usgaonkar SS, Ellison CJ, Kumar S. Controlling Surface Deformation and Feature Aspect Ratio in Photochemically Induced Marangoni Patterning of Polymer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7400-7412. [PMID: 35671396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thin liquid polymer films can be topographically patterned when polymer/air interfaces are deformed by surface-tension gradients. Toward this end, a recently developed method first photochemically patterns surface-tension gradients along a solid, flat polymer film. On heating to the liquid state, the film initially develops topography reflecting the patterned surface-tension gradients. But capillary leveling and diffusion of the photoproduct oppose this causing the features to eventually decay back to a flat film upon extended thermal annealing. Intuitively, this interplay between competing mechanisms sets a limit on the maximum film deformation during the process. Prior studies show that the initial film thickness, photomask periodicity, and amount of photochemical conversion significantly affect the maximum film deformation. Here, we use a model based on lubrication theory to develop additional insights into this observation. We identify two regimes, capillary-leveling-dominated and photoproduct-diffusion-dominated, wherein the respective dominant mechanism determines the maximum film deformation that can be additionally related to various experimental parameters. Scaling laws for the variation of maximum film deformation and aspect ratio with film thickness and surface-tension pattern periodicity are also developed. Complementary experiments show good agreement with model predictions. Insights into the effect of surface-tension pattern asymmetry on the maximum film deformation are also provided. These findings reveal mechanistic detail and fundamental principles that are useful for controlling the process to form target patterns of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Shenvi Usgaonkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher J Ellison
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Liu C, Wang G, Zhang L, Fan F, Zhang X, Fu Y, Wang T. Dynamic Color Display with Viewing-Angle Tolerance Based on the Responsive Asymmetric Fabry-Perot Cavity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7200-7207. [PMID: 35089686 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
At present, it remains challenging and desirable to prepare dynamic color-changing materials with wide viewing angles for practical applications. Herein, we proposed a responsive asymmetric metal-insulator-metal (MIM) Fabry-Perot resonance cavity to achieve dynamic color display with high viewing-angle tolerance. The responsive asymmetric MIM cavity is constructed with thermal-responsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) brush as the mid-insulator layer sandwiched by two different metallic layers (Sn and Ag). The as-prepared MIM cavity shows both improved viewing-angle tolerance owing to the asymmetric architecture of the cavity and a wide tunable color gamut because of the thermal responsiveness of the mid PNIPAm layer. Remarkably, the as-prepared asymmetric MIM resonance cavity also possesses a relatively fast response rate and good repeatability. Together, with all these advantages, the proposed responsive asymmetric MIM cavity may open a new pathway to prepare high-performance color display material for future practical optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Guangrong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
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7
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Ding Z, Chen C, Yu Y, de Beer S. Synthetic strategies to enhance the long-term stability of polymer brush coatings. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2430-2443. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02605d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-density, end-anchored macromolecules that form so-called polymer brushes are popular components of bio-inspired surface coatings. In a bio-memetic approach, they have been utilized to reduce friction, repel contamination and control...
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8
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Zhou L, Yang Z, Pagaduan JN, Emrick T. Fluorinated zwitterionic polymers as dynamic surface coatings. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated polymer zwitterions, when grafted from substrates, impart dynamic properties in response to fluidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhou
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Zhefei Yang
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - James Nicolas Pagaduan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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9
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Raeisi M, Tsarevsky NV. Radical
ring‐opening
polymerization of lipoates: Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Raeisi
- Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University Dallas Texas USA
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10
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Dhingra S, Joshi A, Singh N, Saha S. Infection resistant polymer brush coating on the surface of biodegradable polyester. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 118:111465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Wancura M, Talanker M, Toubbeh S, Bryan A, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Bioactive hydrogel coatings of complex substrates using diffusion-mediated redox initiation. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4289-4298. [PMID: 32322860 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00055h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have long been established as materials with tunable stiffness and chemistry that enable controlled cellular interactions. When applied as coatings, hydrogels can be used to introduce biofunctionality to medical devices with minimal effect on bulk properties. However, it remains challenging to uniformly apply hydrogel coatings to three dimensional geometries without substantially changing the manufacturing process and potentially affecting device function. Herein, we report a new redox-based crosslinking method for applying conformable hydrogel coatings with tunable thickness and chemistry. This new diffusion-mediated strategy of redox initiation and hydrogel crosslinking enabled coating of a variety of three dimensional substrates without changing the primary fabrication process. Following adsorption of the reducing agent to the construct, hydrogel coating thickness was readily controlled by immersion time with desorption and diffusion of the reducing agent initiating hydrogel crosslinking from the surface. The process was used to generate a range of hydrogel properties by varying the macromer molecular weight and concentration. In addition, we demonstrated that these coatings can be applied sequentially to generate multilayered constructs with distinct features. Finally, incorporation of proteins into the bulk of the hydrogel coating or as a final surface layer permitted the controlled introduction of bioactivity that supported cell attachment. This work provides a versatile method for assembling bioactive coatings with a simple post-fabrication process that is amenable to diverse geometric substrates and chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Wancura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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12
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Creation of a PDMS Polymer Brush on SiO 2-Based Nanoparticles by Surface-Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040787. [PMID: 32252263 PMCID: PMC7240505 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of nanoparticles into soft matrices opens a broad spectrum of novel property combinations. However, one of the major challenges for these systems remains the compatibilization of particles with the surrounding matrix by proper surface functionalization. For silicon-based systems or liquid crystalline phases, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brushes at the surface of particles increase the stability against particle agglomeration in such systems. Here, we report a novel approach for the functionalization of particles with a polysiloxane brush by surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization of a cyclosiloxane. For this purpose, surface hydroxy groups of silica and silica-coated hematite particles are used as initiators in combination with phosphazene bases as catalysts. The ring-chain equilibrium of a model-based solution polymerization is investigated in detail to find the appropriate reaction parameters. The corresponding molar masses are determined and compared by 1H-NMR and SEC measurements to confirm the underlying mechanism. In the resulting hybrid nanostructures, a covalently bound PDMS fraction is achieved up to 47 mass %.
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13
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Carbonell C, Valles D, Wong AM, Carlini AS, Touve MA, Korpanty J, Gianneschi NC, Braunschweig AB. Polymer brush hypersurface photolithography. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1244. [PMID: 32144265 PMCID: PMC7060193 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer brush patterns have a central role in established and emerging research disciplines, from microarrays and smart surfaces to tissue engineering. The properties of these patterned surfaces are dependent on monomer composition, polymer height, and brush distribution across the surface. No current lithographic method, however, is capable of adjusting each of these variables independently and with micrometer-scale resolution. Here we report a technique termed Polymer Brush Hypersurface Photolithography, which produces polymeric pixels by combining a digital micromirror device (DMD), an air-free reaction chamber, and microfluidics to independently control monomer composition and polymer height of each pixel. The printer capabilities are demonstrated by preparing patterns from combinatorial polymer and block copolymer brushes. Images from polymeric pixels are created using the light reflected from a DMD to photochemically initiate atom-transfer radical polymerization from initiators immobilized on Si/SiO2 wafers. Patterning is combined with high-throughput analysis of grafted-from polymerization kinetics, accelerating reaction discovery, and optimization of polymer coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carbonell
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Valles
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Alexa M Wong
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrea S Carlini
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Mollie A Touve
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joanna Korpanty
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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14
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Obiles R, Premadasa UI, Cudia P, Erasquin UJ, Berger JM, Martinez IS, Cimatu KLA. Insights on the Molecular Characteristics of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Monitored by Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:180-193. [PMID: 31838850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sensing in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) requires specific interactions of the imprinted polymer and the approaching template molecule. These interactions are affected by the morphology of the polymer surface, the affinity of the template molecule to the polymer network, and the steric approach. In this particular study, a template molecule, metronidazole, is studied with respect to the typically used methacrylic acid-based imprinted polymer using a combination of bulk and surface techniques. The resulting infrared (IR) spectra exhibited the presence of the template molecule in the polymer matrix as well as their efficient removal after washing. Dipping of the MIP according to what is expected of facile sensing in an aqueous solution of metronidazole did not show any presence of the template molecule in the bulk of the MIP, as observed by IR spectroscopy. However, using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, the CH aromatic stretch of the imidazole ring positioned at ∼3100 cm-1 was observed at the polymer surface, including its inner pores or cavities, and at the buried polymer-fused silica interface after dipping. SFG studies have also shown the vibrational signatures of the polymer matrix, the presence of the template molecule on the surface, and the detection of residual template molecules after washing. Increasing the washing time to 50 min has proven to be less effective than increasing the washing cycles to three. However, after the third cycle, reorganization of the polymer matrix was evident as also the complete removal of the template molecule. The observed changes from the acquired images using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy show the structural morphologies of MIPs and a good distribution of the pores across the MIP surface. The study demonstrates the importance of combining both bulk and surface characterization in providing insight into the template molecule-polymer network interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uvinduni I Premadasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ohio University , 100 University Terrace, 136 Clippinger Laboratories , Athens , Ohio 45701-2979 , United States
| | | | - Uriel Joseph Erasquin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ohio University , 100 University Terrace, 136 Clippinger Laboratories , Athens , Ohio 45701-2979 , United States
| | - Jenna M Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ohio University , 100 University Terrace, 136 Clippinger Laboratories , Athens , Ohio 45701-2979 , United States
| | | | - Katherine Leslee Asetre Cimatu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ohio University , 100 University Terrace, 136 Clippinger Laboratories , Athens , Ohio 45701-2979 , United States
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15
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Chen D, Wang T, Song G, Du Y, Lv J, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhang L, Hu J, Fu Y, Jordan R. Dynamic Tunable Color Display Based on Metal-Insulator-Metal Resonator with Polymer Brush Insulator Layer as Signal Transducer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41668-41675. [PMID: 31623430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic color-changing nanomaterials have been widely investigated for applications in fields like optical sensors, wearable activity monitors, smart electronic devices, and anticounterfeiting materials due to the excellent ability to change their optical properties with external variation. Here, a simple metal-insulator-metal (MIM) trilayer Fabry-Perot resonance cavity with a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) brush layer as a responsive element is reported as a thermal-induced colorimetric response platform. The dynamic changes of conformation and physical properties of PNIPAm brush layer in response to external signals give rise to a significant color change of the MIM Fabry-Perot resonance cavity. This MIM Fabry-Perot resonance cavity shows the advantages of dynamic color change, rapid response, good repeatability, and simple construction. Additionally, the as-prepared MIM cavity shows great potential in various applications such as color printing, multicolor indicator, and information anticounterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, School of Science , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden 01069 , Germany
| | - Guoshuai Song
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Du
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, School of Science , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden 01069 , Germany
| | - Jinqiu Lv
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Yunong Li
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Liying Zhang
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Jianshe Hu
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, School of Science , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden 01069 , Germany
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16
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Kampferbeck M, Vossmeyer T, Weller H. Cross-Linked Polystyrene Shells Grown on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles via Surface-Grafted AGET-ATRP in Microemulsion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8790-8798. [PMID: 31244257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Most applications of nanoparticles require robust stabilization, for example, by surface-bound ligands or the encapsulation within polymer shells. Furthermore, for biomedical applications, the particles must be dispersible in a complex biological environment. Thus, high-quality nanoparticles synthesized in organic solvents must be transferred into aqueous media. Here, we present a novel scalable method enabling the robust hydrophilic encapsulation of non-agglomerated nanoparticles by growing polystyrene shells via AGET-ATRP in microemulsion. To demonstrate this approach, we encapsulate iron oxide nanoparticles (diameter: 13.7 ± 0.6 nm). Because the ATRP initiator is grafted onto the nanoparticles' surface, the shells are covalently attached to the iron oxide cores. By varying the amount of monomers, the shell thickness can be adjusted precisely, as indicated by the increasing hydrodynamic size from ∼22 to 26 nm (DLS, number mean) with an increasing amount of added monomers. Moreover, the degree of cross-linking can be controlled by the amount of added divinylbenzene (DVB). To evaluate the robustness of the polymer shells against ion infusion, we introduce a novel colorimetric method, which is based on the formation of the red iron thiocyanate complex. After addition of HCl, the increase in absorbance at 468 nm indicates leaching of iron ions from the polymer-encapsulated core particles. These measurements confirm that with increasing shell thickness, significantly improved shielding is achieved. Furthermore, high concentrations of added DVB [33-50% (v/v) in a monomer mixture] improve the shielding effect. However, when smaller amounts of DVB were added [10-25% (v/v)], the shielding effect was diminished, even in comparison to non-cross-linked polymer shells. This finding suggests a higher porosity of shells with a low degree of cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kampferbeck
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Tobias Vossmeyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Horst Weller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
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17
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Kang H, Jeong W, Hong D. Antifouling Surface Coating Using Droplet-Based SI-ARGET ATRP of Carboxybetaine under Open-Air Conditions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7744-7750. [PMID: 31117731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a dense zwitterionic brush through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is a typical graft-from approach used to achieve antifouling surfaces with high fidelity; however, their air-tightness may cause inconvenience to users. In this context, activator regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP is emerging as an alternative surface-coating tool because limited amount of air is allowed to form a dense polymer brush. However, the degree of air tolerance that can ensure a thick polymer brush has not been clearly defined, limiting its practical usage under ambient-air conditions. In this study, we investigated the SI-ARGET ATRP of carboxybetaine (CB) by changing the air conditions, along with the air-related parameters, such as the concentration of the reducing agent, the volume of the polymerization solution (PS), or the solvent composition, and correlated their effects with the poly(CB) thickness. Based on the optimized reaction conditions, a poly(CB) brush with reliable thickness was feasibly formed even under open-air conditions without a degassing step. In addition, a microliter droplet (∼100 μL) of PS was sufficient to proceed with the SI-ARGET ATRP for the covering of a poly(CB) brush on the surface area of interest. By applying an optimized SI-ARGET ATRP of CB, antifouling was feasibly achieved in the surface region of interest using an array to form a large surface area under fully exposed air conditions. In other words, optimized SI-ARGET ATRP enabled the formation of a thick poly(CB) brush on the surfaces of various dimensions under open-air conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongeun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , South Korea
| | - Wonwoo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , South Korea
| | - Daewha Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , South Korea
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18
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Antibacterial response of polylactide surfaces modified with hydrophilic polymer brushes. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Mandal J, Simic R, Spencer ND. Tuning and in situ monitoring of surface-initiated, atom-transfer radical polymerization of acrylamide derivatives in water-based solvents. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SI-ATRP kinetics of acrylamide derivatives is studied in situ using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The effect of growth kinetics on polymer-brush dispersity have been examined using colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Mandal
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Rok Simic
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
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20
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Patil R, Miles J, Ko Y, Datta P, Rao BM, Kiserow D, Genzer J. Kinetic Study of Degrafting Poly(methyl methacrylate) Brushes from Flat Substrates by Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Patil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Jason Miles
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yeongun Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Preeta Datta
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Balaji M. Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Douglas Kiserow
- US Army Research
Office, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2211, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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21
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Narupai B, Page ZA, Treat NJ, McGrath AJ, Pester CW, Discekici EH, Dolinski ND, Meyers GF, Read de Alaniz J, Hawker CJ. Simultaneous Preparation of Multiple Polymer Brushes under Ambient Conditions using Microliter Volumes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13433-13438. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjaporn Narupai
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Zachariah A. Page
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Nicolas J. Treat
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Christian W. Pester
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Emre H. Discekici
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Neil D. Dolinski
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | | | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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22
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Simultaneous Preparation of Multiple Polymer Brushes under Ambient Conditions using Microliter Volumes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Top-down fabrication of shape-controlled, monodisperse nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:169-187. [PMID: 30009884 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles for biomedical applications are generally formed by bottom-up approaches such as self-assembly, emulsification and precipitation. But these methods usually have critical limitations in fabrication of nanoparticles with controllable morphologies and monodispersed size. Compared with bottom-up methods, top-down nanofabrication techniques offer advantages of high fidelity and high controllability. This review focuses on top-down nanofabrication techniques for engineering particles along with their biomedical applications. We present several commonly used top-down nanofabrication techniques that have the potential to fabricate nanoparticles, including photolithography, interference lithography, electron beam lithography, mold-based lithography (nanoimprint lithography and soft lithography), nanostencil lithography, and nanosphere lithography. Varieties of current and emerging applications are also covered: (i) targeting, (ii) drug and gene delivery, (iii) imaging, and (iv) therapy. Finally, a future perspective of the nanoparticles fabricated by the top-down techniques in biomedicine is also addressed.
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24
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Dehghani ES, Ramakrishna SN, Spencer ND, Benetti EM. Engineering Lubricious, Biopassive Polymer Brushes by Surface-Initiated, Controlled Radical Polymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ella S. Dehghani
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Han L, Yan B, Zhang L, Wu M, Wang J, Huang J, Deng Y, Zeng H. Tuning protein adsorption on charged polyelectrolyte brushes via salinity adjustment. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Yang Z, Zhang S, Tarabara VV, Bruening ML. Aqueous Swelling of Zwitterionic Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) Brushes in the Presence of Ionic Surfactants. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shouwei Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | | | - Merlin L. Bruening
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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27
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Yan W, Divandari M, Rosenboom JG, Ramakrishna SN, Trachsel L, Spencer ND, Morgese G, Benetti EM. Design and characterization of ultrastable, biopassive and lubricious cyclic poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) brushes. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02137b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bilayer films featuring cyclic, poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) brush interfaces display excellent biopassivity, lubrication and long-term stability in chemically harsh aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Yan
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Divandari
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Jan-Georg Rosenboom
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | | | - Lucca Trachsel
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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28
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Chen L, Wei X, Zhou X, Xie Z, Li K, Ruan Q, Chen C, Wang J, Mirkin CA, Zheng Z. Large-Area Patterning of Metal Nanostructures by Dip-Pen Nanodisplacement Lithography for Optical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1702003. [PMID: 28941181 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Au nanostructures are remarkably important in a wide variety of fields for decades. The fabrication of Au nanostructures typically requires time-consuming and expensive electron-beam lithography (EBL) that operates in vacuum. To address this challenge, this paper reports the development of massive dip-pen nanodisplacement lithography (DNL) as a desktop fabrication tool, which allows high-throughput and rational design of arbitrary Au nanopatterns in ambient condition. Large-area (1 cm2 ) and uniform (<10% variation) Au nanostructures as small as 70 nm are readily fabricated, with a throughput 100-fold higher than that of conventional EBL. As a proof-of-concept of the applications in the opitcal field, we fabricate discrete Au nanorod arrays that show significant plasmonic resonance in the visible range, and interconnected Au nanomeshes that are used for transparent conductive electrode of solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhuang Xie
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Kan Li
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chaojian Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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29
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Zhang H, Nayak S, Wang W, Mallapragada S, Vaknin D. Interfacial Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte-Capped Gold Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12227-12234. [PMID: 28985464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on pH- and salt-responsive assembly of nanoparticles capped with polyelectrolytes at vapor-liquid interfaces. Two types of alkylthiol-terminated poly(acrylic acid) (PAAs, varying in length) are synthesized and used to functionalize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to mimic similar assembly effects of single-stranded DNA-capped AuNPs using synthetic polyelectrolytes. Using surface-sensitive X-ray scattering techniques, including grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR), we demonstrate that PAA-AuNPs spontaneously migrate to the vapor-liquid interfaces and form Gibbs monolayers by decreasing the pH of the suspension. The Gibbs monoalyers show chainlike structures of monoparticle thickness. The pH-induced self-assembly is attributed to the protonation of carboxyl groups and to hydrogen bonding between the neighboring PAA-AuNPs. In addition, we show that adding MgCl2 to PAA-AuNP suspensions also induces adsorption at the interface and that the high affinity between magnesium ions and carboxyl groups leads to two- and three-dimensional clusters that yield partial surface coverage and poorer ordering of NPs at the interface. We also examine the assembly of PAA-AuNPs in the presence of a positively charged Langmuir monolayer that promotes the attraction of the negatively charged capped NPs by electrostatic forces. Our results show that synthetic polyelectrolyte-functionalized nanoparticles exhibit interfacial self-assembly behavior similar to that of DNA-functionalized nanoparticles, providing a pathway for nanoparticle assembly in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghu Zhang
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Srikanth Nayak
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Surya Mallapragada
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - David Vaknin
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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30
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Wang D, Russell TP. Advances in Atomic Force Microscopy for Probing Polymer Structure and Properties. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Polymer
Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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31
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Chmielarz P, Fantin M, Park S, Isse AA, Gennaro A, Magenau AJ, Sobkowiak A, Matyjaszewski K. Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP). Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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32
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Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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33
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Efficient synthesis of functional long-chain alkyl disulfides under liquid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis: The analysis of chemical equilibrium and phase-transfer mechanism. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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34
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Lilge I, Jiang S, Wesner D, Schönherr H. The Effect of Size and Geometry of Poly(acrylamide) Brush-Based Micropatterns on the Behavior of Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23591-23603. [PMID: 27541003 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the fabrication, detailed characterization, and application of long-term stable micropatterned bio-interfaces of passivating poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) brushes on transparent gold for application in the study of cell-surface interactions is reported. The micropatterns were fabricated by microcontact printing of an initiator for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP), SI-ATRP of acrylamide, and subsequently backfilling of the unfunctionalized areas of 400-2500 μm(2) size and systematically altered number of corners with octadecanethiol. As verified by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, the physisorption of fibronectin (FN) was restricted to the adhesive areas. Exploiting this platform, the effect of micropattern geometry and size of cell-adhesive FN areas surrounded by passivating PAAm brushes on transparent gold substrates on the attachment of cells and cytoskeleton alignment was investigated at the single-cell level. Exceptional long-term stability of the patterned PAAm brushes and arrays of adhesive areas, in which human pancreatic tumor cells (Patu 8988T) and fibroblast cells (NIH 3T3) were confined for more than one week, was observed. Adhesive areas of 1600 μm(2) or less constrained the cell shape and caused focal adhesions to accumulate in the corners of the pattern. These changes were most obvious for the PatuT cells in adhesive areas of ∼900 μm(2), in which the actin filaments were aligned, following the boundary of the pattern, and merged in the focal adhesions concentrated in the corners of the pattern. NIH 3T3 cells possessed a larger cell area, which led to an optimal cytoskeleton alignment in adhesive patterns of ∼1600 μm(2). The alignment of the cytoskeleton was found to be less pronounced in cells on larger adhesive areas, where the PatuT cells spread similarly to cells on unpatterned substrates. By contrast, the NIH 3T3 cells were found to stretch even on larger adhesive areas, spanning from one corner to the other. The long-term stability under cell culture conditions of the patterns introduced here will also be useful for long-term studies of single and multiple cells, cell motility in toxicity assays, and stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Lilge
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Siyu Jiang
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Daniel Wesner
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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35
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Schwellenbach J, Kosiol P, Sölter B, Taft F, Villain L, Strube J. Controlling the polymer-nanolayer architecture on anion-exchange membrane adsorbers via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Lee HJ, Jamison AC, Lee TR. Entropy-Driven Conformational Control of α,ω-Difunctional Bidentate-Dithiol Azo-Based Adsorbates Enables the Fabrication of Thermally Stable Surface-Grafted Polymer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15691-15699. [PMID: 27219525 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermally stable radical initiator monolayers were prepared from uniquely designed α,ω-difunctional adsorbates with bidentate headgroups for the growth of nanoscale polymer films on metal surfaces. The length of the spacer separating the bidentate headgroups was varied to afford 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(N-(16-(3,5-bis(mercaptomethyl)phenoxy)hexadecyl)-4-cyanopentanamide) (B16), 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(N-(16-(3,5-bis(mercapto-methyl)phenoxy)decyl)-4-cyanopentanamide) (B10), and 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(N-(4-(3,5-bis(mercaptomethyl)phenoxy)butyl)-4-cyanopentanamide) (B4). The structural features of the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) derived from B16, B10, and B4 were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and compared to those derived from an analogous α,ω-difunctional adsorbate with monodentate headgroups, 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(4-cyano-N-(16-mercaptohexadecyl)pentanamide (M). These studies demonstrate that the conformation (i.e., hairpin vs standing up) of the bidentate initiator adsorbates on gold surfaces was easily controlled by adjusting the concentration of the adsorbates in solution. The results of solution-phase thermal desorption tests revealed that the radical initiator monolayers generated from B16, B10, and B4 exhibit an enhanced thermal stability when compared to those generated from M. Furthermore, a study of the growth of polymer films was performed to evaluate the utility of these new bidentate adsorbate SAMs as film-development platforms for new functional materials and devices. Specifically, surface-grafted polystyrene films were successfully generated from SAMs derived from B16. In contrast, attempts to grow polystyrene films from SAMs derived from M under a variety of analogous conditions were unsuccessful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Andrew C Jamison
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - T Randall Lee
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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37
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Narupai B, Poelma JE, Pester CW, McGrath AJ, Toumayan EP, Luo Y, Kramer JW, Clark PG, Ray PC, Hawker CJ. Hierarchical comb brush architectures via sequential light-mediated controlled radical polymerizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjaporn Narupai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Justin E. Poelma
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Christian W. Pester
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Edward P. Toumayan
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Yingdong Luo
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | | | | | - Paresh C. Ray
- Department of Chemistry; Jackson State University; Jackson Mississippi 39217
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
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38
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Furusawa H, Sekine T, Ozeki T. Hydration and Viscoelastic Properties of High- and Low-Density Polymer Brushes Using a Quartz-Crystal Microbalance Based on Admittance Analysis (QCM-A). Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Furusawa
- Innovative Flex Course for Frontier Organic Material
Systems (iFront), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University,
4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sekine
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Ozeki
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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39
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Cao PF, Yan YH, Mangadlao JD, Rong LH, Advincula R. Star-like copolymer stabilized noble-metal nanoparticle powders. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:7435-7442. [PMID: 26659728 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07000g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The amphiphilic star-like copolymer polyethylenimine-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEI-b-PCL) was utilized to transfer the pre-synthesized citrate-capped noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) from an aqueous layer to an organic layer without any additional reagents. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to study the assembly of the polymers coated on the surface of the citrate-capped NMNPs. After removing the organic solvent, the polymer-coated NMNPs in powder form (PCP-NMNPs) were obtained. The excellent solubility of the PEI-b-PCL allows the PCP-NMNPs to be easily dispersed in most of the organic solvents without any significant aggregation. Moreover, the good thermal stability and long-term stability make PCP-NMNPs an excellent NMNP-containing hybrid system for different specific applications, such as surface coating, catalysis and thermoplastic processing of nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Cao
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44146, USA.
| | - Yun-Hui Yan
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44146, USA.
| | - Joey Dacula Mangadlao
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44146, USA.
| | - Li-Han Rong
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44146, USA.
| | - Rigoberto Advincula
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44146, USA.
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40
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Chmielarz P, Park S, Sobkowiak A, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of β-cyclodextrin-based star polymers via a simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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41
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Jones S, Walsh-Korb Z, Barrow SJ, Henderson SL, del Barrio J, Scherman OA. The Importance of Excess Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for the Aggregation of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3158-65. [PMID: 26788966 PMCID: PMC4838950 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive materials are generating significant interest on account of the sharp and tunable temperature deswelling transition of the polymer chain. Such materials have shown promise in drug delivery devices, sensing systems, and self-assembly. Incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs), typically through covalent attachment of the polymer chains to the NP surface, can add additional functionality and tunability to such hybrid materials. The versatility of these thermoresponsive polymer/nanoparticle materials has been shown previously; however, significant and important differences exist in the published literature between virtually identical materials. Here we use poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm)-AuNPs as a model system to understand the aggregation behavior of thermoresponsive polymer-coated nanoparticles in pure water, made by either grafting-to or grafting-from methods. We show that, contrary to popular belief, the aggregation of PNIPAm-coated AuNPs, and likely other such materials, relies on the size and concentration of unbound "free" PNIPAm in solution. It is this unbound polymer that also leads to an increase in solution turbidity, a characteristic that is typically used to prove nanoparticle aggregation. The size of PNIPAm used to coat the AuNPs, as well as the concentration of the resultant polymer-AuNP composites, is shown to have little effect on aggregation. Without free PNIPAm, contraction of the polymer corona in response to increasing temperature is observed, instead of nanoparticle aggregation, and is accompanied by no change in solution turbidity or color. We develop an alternative method for removing all traces of excess free polymer and develop an approach for analyzing the aggregation behavior of such materials, which truly allows for heat-triggered aggregation to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel
T. Jones
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Zarah Walsh-Korb
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Steven J. Barrow
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Sarah L. Henderson
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Jesús del Barrio
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge
University, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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42
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Song L, Qiao Y, Du Y, Li Y. Shape control synthesis of polymeric hybrid nanoparticles via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Song
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Yisha Qiao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Yixuan Du
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Yunbo Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
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43
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Yu Q, Ista LK, Gu R, Zauscher S, López GP. Nanopatterned polymer brushes: conformation, fabrication and applications. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:680-700. [PMID: 26648412 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07107k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces with end-grafted, nanopatterned polymer brushes that exhibit well-defined feature dimensions and controlled chemical and physical properties provide versatile platforms not only for investigation of nanoscale phenomena at biointerfaces, but also for the development of advanced devices relevant to biotechnology and electronics applications. In this review, we first give a brief introduction of scaling behavior of nanopatterned polymer brushes and then summarize recent progress in fabrication and application of nanopatterned polymer brushes. Specifically, we highlight applications of nanopatterned stimuli-responsive polymer brushes in the areas of biomedicine and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Linnea K Ista
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Renpeng Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA and NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science & Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA and NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science & Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Gabriel P López
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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44
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Hu C, Lan Y, West KR, Scherman OA. Cucurbit[8]uril-Regulated Nanopatterning of Binary Polymer Brushes via Colloidal Templating. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7957-62. [PMID: 26509604 PMCID: PMC4736458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sub-micrometer/nanoscale patterned polymer brushes are prepared by employing cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) as a supramolecular recognition motif to assemble functional silica colloids onto Au surfaces as a sacrificial nanopatterning template. By employing CB[8]-mediated host-guest interactions at the interface, it is possible to readily generate nanopatterned materials in aqueous media under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Yang Lan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Kevin R West
- BP Oil UK Ltd, Whitchurch Hill, Pangbourne, Reading, Berkshire, RG8 7QR, UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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45
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Chen C, Xie Z, Wei X, Zheng Z. Arbitrary and Parallel Nanofabrication of 3D Metal Structures with Polymer Brush Resists. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:6013-6017. [PMID: 26439441 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
3D polymer brushes are reported for the first time as ideal resists for the alignment-free nanofabrication of complex 3D metal structures with sub-100 nm lateral resolution and sub-10 nm vertical resolution. Since 3D polymer brushes can be serially fabricated in parallel, this method is effective to generate arbitrary 3D metal structures over a large area at a high throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojian Chen
- Advanced Research Centre for Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Nanotechnology Center Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuang Xie
- Advanced Research Centre for Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Nanotechnology Center Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Advanced Research Centre for Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Nanotechnology Center Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Advanced Research Centre for Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Nanotechnology Center Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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46
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Modulation of Multivalent Protein Binding on Surfaces by Glycopolymer Brush Chemistry. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1367:183-93. [PMID: 26537474 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3130-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The presentation of carbohydrates on an array can provide a means to model (mimic) oligosaccharides found on cell surfaces. Tuning the structural features of such carbohydrate arrays can therefore be used to help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of protein-carbohydrate recognition on cell surfaces. Here we present a strategy to directly correlate the molecular and structural features of ligands presented on a surface with the kinetics and affinity of carbohydrate-lectin binding. The Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) spectroscopy analysis identified that by varying the spatial distribution (3D organization) of carbohydrate ligands within the surface grafted polymer layer, the mode of binding changed from multivalent to monovalent: a near 1000-fold change in the equilibrium association constant was achieved. The rupture forces measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) force spectroscopy also indicated that the mode of binding between lectin and carbohydrate ligands can be modulated by the organization of carbohydrate ligands within the glycopolymer brushes.
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47
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Yang Z, Tarabara VV, Bruening ML. Adsorption of Anionic or Cationic Surfactants in Polyanionic Brushes and Its Effect on Brush Swelling and Fouling Resistance during Emulsion Filtration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11790-9. [PMID: 26442835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization of ionic monomers from membrane surfaces yields polyelectrolyte brushes that swell in water and repel oil droplets to resist fouling during filtration of oil-in-water emulsions. However, surfactant adsorption to polyelectrolyte brushes may overcome this fouling resistance. This work examines adsorption of cationic and anionic surfactants in polyanionic brushes and the effect of these surfactants on emulsion filtration. In situ ellipsometry with films on flat surfaces shows that brushes composed of poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate salts) (pSPMK) swell 280% in water and do not adsorb sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). pSPMK-modified microfiltration membranes reject >99.9% of the oil from SDS-stabilized submicron emulsions, and the specific flux through these modified membranes is comparable to that through NF270 nanofiltration membranes. Moreover, the brush-modified membranes show no decline in flux over a 12 h filtration, whereas the flux through NF270 membranes decreases by 98.7%. In contrast, pSPMK brushes adsorb large quantities of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and at low chain densities the brushes collapse in the presence of this cationic surfactant. Filtration of CTAB-stabilized emulsions through pSPMK-modified membranes gives minimal oil rejection, presumably due to the brush collapse. Thus, the fouling resistance of polyelectrolyte brush-modified membranes clearly depends on the surfactant composition in a particular emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefei Yang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Volodymyr V Tarabara
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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48
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Shida N, Kitamura F, Fuchigami T, Tomita I, Inagi S. Signal-Amplified Analysis of Molecular Layers Prepared through Bipolar Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shida
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Fusao Kitamura
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Toshio Fuchigami
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Ikuyoshi Tomita
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
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49
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He K, Duan H, Chen GY, Liu X, Yang W, Wang D. Cleaning of Oil Fouling with Water Enabled by Zwitterionic Polyelectrolyte Coatings: Overcoming the Imperative Challenge of Oil-Water Separation Membranes. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9188-98. [PMID: 26260326 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a self-cleaning coating derived from zwitterionic poly(2-methacryloyloxylethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) brushes grafted on a solid substrate. The PMPC surface not only exhibits complete oil repellency in a water-wetted state (i.e., underwater superoleophobicity), but also allows effective cleaning of oil fouled on dry surfaces by water alone. The PMPC surface was compared with typical underwater superoleophobic surfaces realized with the aid of surface roughening by applying hydrophilic nanostructures and those realized by applying smooth hydrophilic polyelectrolyte multilayers. We show that underwater superoleophobicity of a surface is not sufficient to enable water to clean up oil fouling on a dry surface, because the latter circumstance demands the surface to be able to strongly bond water not only in its pristine state but also in an oil-wetted state. The PMPC surface is unique with its described self-cleaning performance because the zwitterionic phosphorylcholine groups exhibit exceptional binding affinity to water even when they are already wetted by oil. Further, we show that applying this PMPC coating onto steel meshes produces oil-water separation membranes that are resilient to oil contamination with simply water rinsing. Consequently, we provide an effective solution to the oil contamination issue on the oil-water separation membranes, which is an imperative challenge in this field. Thanks to the self-cleaning effect of the PMPC surface, PMPC-coated steel meshes can not only separate oil from oil-water mixtures in a water-wetted state, but also can lift oil out from oil-water mixtures even in a dry state, which is a very promising technology for practical oil-spill remediation. In contrast, we show that oil contamination on conventional hydrophilic oil-water separation membranes would permanently induce the loss of oil-water separation function, and thus they have to be always used in a completely water-wetted state, which significantly restricts their application in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Haoran Duan
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - George Y Chen
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Wensheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Dayang Wang
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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50
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Patil RR, Turgman-Cohen S, Šrogl J, Kiserow D, Genzer J. On-demand degrafting and the study of molecular weight and grafting density of poly(methyl methacrylate) brushes on flat silica substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2372-2381. [PMID: 25654273 DOI: 10.1021/la5044766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on degrafting of surface-anchored poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) brushes from flat silica-based substrates using tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) and determining their molecular weight distribution (MWD) using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The grafted PMMA layer was synthesized using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of MMA for polymerization times ranging from 6 to 24 h. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were employed in tandem to characterize the degrafting process. The SEC eluograms were fit to various polymer distributions, namely Zimm-Schulz, ATRP in continuous stirred tank reactor, Wesslau, Schulz-Flory, and Smith et al. The ATRP model gives the best fit to the experimental data. The dry PMMA brush thickness and the number-average molecular weight (obtained from the MWD) suggest that the grafting density of the PMMA grafts is independent of polymerization time, indicating well-controlled/living growth of MMA. The observed polydispersity index (PDI) was higher than that generally observed in bulk grown polymers under similar conditions, indicating an effect due to chain confinement and crowding. We detect small but noticeable dependence of the polymer brush grafting density on the inhibitor/catalyst ratio. Higher inhibitor/catalyst ratio offers better control with lower early terminations, which results in a small increase in the apparent grafting density of the chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan R Patil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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