1
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Wright EB, Lannigan DA. Therapeutic targeting of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297292. [PMID: 38169775 PMCID: PMC10758423 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK) are downstream effectors of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and are activated in response to tyrosine kinase receptor or G-protein coupled receptor signaling. RSK contains two distinct kinase domains, an N-terminal kinase (NTKD) and a C-terminal kinase (CTKD). The sole function of the CTKD is to aid in the activation of the NTKD, which is responsible for substrate phosphorylation. RSK regulates various homeostatic processes including those involved in transcription, translation and ribosome biogenesis, proliferation and survival, cytoskeleton, nutrient sensing, excitation and inflammation. RSK also acts as a major negative regulator of ERK1/2 signaling. RSK is associated with numerous cancers and has been primarily studied in the context of transformation and metastasis. The development of specific RSK inhibitors as cancer therapeutics has lagged behind that of other members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Importantly, a pan-RSK inhibitor, PMD-026, is currently in phase I/1b clinical trials for metastatic breast cancer. However, there are four members of the RSK family, which have overlapping and distinct functions that can vary in a tissue specific manner. Thus, a problem for transitioning a RSK inhibitor to the clinic may be the necessity to develop isoform specific inhibitors, which will be challenging as the NTKDs are very similar to each other. CTKD inhibitors have limited use as therapeutics as they are not able to inhibit the activity of the NTKD but could be used in the development of proteolysis-targeting chimeras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Wright
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Deborah A. Lannigan
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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2
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Koutsougianni F, Alexopoulou D, Uvez A, Lamprianidou A, Sereti E, Tsimplouli C, Ilkay Armutak E, Dimas K. P90 ribosomal S6 kinases: A bona fide target for novel targeted anticancer therapies? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115488. [PMID: 36889445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family of proteins is a group of highly conserved Ser/Thr kinases. They are downstream effectors of the Ras/ERK/MAPK signaling cascade. ERK1/2 activation directly results in the phosphorylation of RSKs, which further, through interaction with a variety of different downstream substrates, activate various signaling events. In this context, they have been shown to mediate diverse cellular processes like cell survival, growth, proliferation, EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, increased expression of RSKs has also been demonstrated in various cancers, such as breast, prostate, and lung cancer. This review aims to present the most recent advances in the field of RSK signaling that have occurred, such as biological insights, function, and mechanisms associated with carcinogenesis. We additionally present and discuss the recent advances but also the limitations in the development of pharmacological inhibitors of RSKs, in the context of the use of these kinases as putative, more efficient targets for novel anticancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Koutsougianni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitra Alexopoulou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andromachi Lamprianidou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sereti
- Dept of Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, Lund University and Center for Molecular Pathology, Skäne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, SE 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Chrisiida Tsimplouli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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3
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Sun Y, Tang L, Wu C, Wang J, Wang C. RSK inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: Discovery, optimization, and challenges. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 251:115229. [PMID: 36898330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family is a group of serine/threonine kinases, including four isoforms (RSK1/2/3/4). As a downstream effector of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras-MAPK) pathway, RSK participates in many physiological activities such as cell growth, proliferation, and migration, and is intimately involved in tumor occurrence and development. As a result, it is recognized as a potential target for anti-cancer and anti-resistance therapies. There have been several RSK inhibitors discovered or designed in recent decades, but only two have entered clinical trials. Low specificity, low selectivity, and poor pharmacokinetic properties in vivo limit their clinical translation. Published studies performed structure optimization by increasing interaction with RSK, avoiding hydrolysis of pharmacophores, eliminating chirality, adapting to binding site shape, and becoming prodrugs. Besides enhancing efficacy, the focus of further design will move towards selectivity since there are functional differences among RSK isoforms. This review summarized the types of cancers associated with RSK, along with the structural characteristics and optimization process of the reported RSK inhibitors. Furthermore, we addressed the importance of RSK inhibitors' selectivity and discussed future drug development directions. This review is expected to shed light on the emergence of RSK inhibitors with high potency, specificity, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lichao Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, 60208, IL, United States
| | - Chengyong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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4
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Kim S, Oiler J, Xing Y, O'Doherty GA. De novo asymmetric Achmatowicz approach to oligosaccharide natural products. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12913-12926. [PMID: 36321854 PMCID: PMC9710213 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The development and application of the asymmetric synthesis of oligosaccharides from achiral starting materials is reviewed. This de novo asymmetric approach centers around the use of asymmetric catalysis for the synthesis of optically pure furan alcohols in conjunction with Achmatowicz oxidative rearrangement for the synthesis of various pyranones. In addition, the use of a diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed glycosylation and subsequent diastereoselective post-glycosylation transformation was used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides. The application of this approach to oligosaccharide synthesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugyeom Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeremy Oiler
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Yalan Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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5
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Hans SK, Truong S, Mootoo DR. Oxocarbenium ion cyclizations for the synthesis of disaccharide mimetics of 2-amino-2-deoxy-pyranosides: Application to the carbasugar of β-galactosamine-(1,4)-3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol. Carbohydr Res 2022; 518:108595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Cai R, Li Y, Zhu L, Wei C, Bao X, Zhao Y. 2, 4, 5-Trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of diphyllin: Synthesis and anticancer activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:256-266. [PMID: 35614538 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diphyllin and its natural derivatives were identified as potent vacuolar H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) inhibitors. In this study, twelve 2, 4, 5-trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of diphyllin were synthesized. Most of these compounds showed potent abilities to inhibit the growth of HT-29, MCF-7, HepG2 cancer cells with IC50 values at submicromolar concentration. The compounds 5c3 and 5c4 showed the best inhibitory activity on breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 with IC50 values of 0.09 and 0.10 μM. Compounds 5c3 and 5c4 showed similar V-ATPase inhibitory potency to diphyllin. Molecular docking showed that a hydrogen bond was found between the hydroxyl of 5c3 and SerA534 in the pocket of the V-ATPase receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Caiyan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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7
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Wright EB, Fukuda S, Li M, Li Y, O'Doherty GA, Lannigan DA. Identifying requirements for RSK2 specific inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1798-1809. [PMID: 34348556 PMCID: PMC8344253 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1957862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying isoform-specific inhibitors for closely related kinase family members remains a substantial challenge. The necessity for achieving this specificity is exemplified by the RSK family, downstream effectors of ERK1/2, which have divergent physiological effects. The natural product, SL0101, a flavonoid glycoside, binds specifically to RSK1/2 through a binding pocket generated by an extensive conformational rearrangement within the RSK N-terminal kinase domain (NTKD). In modelling experiments a single amino acid that is divergent in RSK3/4 most likely prevents the required conformational rearrangement necessary for SL0101 binding. Kinetic analysis of RSK2 association with SL0101 and its derivatives identified that regions outside of the NTKD contribute to stable inhibitor binding. An analogue with an n-propyl-carbamate at the 4” position on the rhamnose moiety was identified that forms a highly stable inhibitor complex with RSK2 but not with RSK1. These results identify a SL0101 modification that will aid the identification of RSK2 specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Wright
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mingzong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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8
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Meng S, Li X, Zhu J. Recent advances in direct synthesis of 2-deoxy glycosides and thioglycosides. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Xu J, Jia Q, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Xu T, Yu K, Chai J, Wang K, Chen L, Xiao T, Li M. Prominent roles of ribosomal S6 kinase 4 (RSK4) in cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153374. [PMID: 33621918 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RSK4 refers to one Ser/Thr protein kinase functioning downstream pertaining to the signaling channel of protein kinase (MAPK) stimulated by Ras/mitogen. RSK4 can regulate numerous substrates impacting cells' surviving state, growing processes and proliferating process. Thus, dysregulated RSK4 active state display a relationship to several carcinoma categories, covering breast carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, glioma, colorectal carcinoma, lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, leukemia, endometrial carcinoma, and kidney carcinoma. Whether RSK4 is a tumor suppressor gene or one oncogene remains controversial. No specific inhibiting elements for RSK4 have been found. This review briefs the existing information regarding RSK4 activating process, the function and mechanism of RSK4 in different tumors, and the research progress and limitations of existing RSK inhibitors. RSK4 may be a potential target of molecular therapy medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingge Jia
- Xi'an International Medical Center, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Children's Heart Disease Center, Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Tian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Lu Y, Zhu L, Cai R, Li Y, Zhao Y. 2, 4, 5-Trideoxyhexopyranosides Derivatives of 4'- Demethylepipodophyllotoxin: De novo Synthesis and Anticancer Activity. Med Chem 2020; 18:130-139. [PMID: 33222676 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666201120102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podophyllotoxin is a natural lignan which possesses anticancer and antiviral activities. Etoposide and teniposide are semisynthetic glycoside derivatives of podophyllotoxin and are increasingly used in cancer medicine. OBJECTIVE The present work was aimed to design and synthesize a series of 2, 4, 5-trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin as novel anticancer agents. METHODS A divergent de novo synthesis of 2, 4, 5-trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin has been established via palladium-catalyzed glycosylation. The abilities of synthesized glycosides to inhibit the growth of A549, HepG2, SH-SY5Y, KB/VCR and HeLa cancer cells were investigated by MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle with propidium iodide DNA staining was employed to observe the effect of compound 5b on cancer cell cycle. RESULTS Twelve D and L monosaccharides derivatives 5a-5l have been efficiently synthesized in three steps from various pyranone building blocks employing de novo glycosylation strategy. D-monosaccharide 5b showed highest cytotoxicity on five cancer cell lines with the IC50 values from 0.9 to 6.7 mM. It caused HepG2 cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The present work leads to the development of novel 2, 4, 5-trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of 4'- demethylepipodophyllotoxin. The biological results suggested that the replacement of the glucosyl moiety of etoposide with 2, 4, 5-trideoxyhexopyranosyl is favorable to their cytotoxicity. D-monosaccharide 5b caused HepG2 cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001. China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001. China
| | - Rui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001. China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001. China
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11
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Babczyk A, Wingen LM, Menche D. Optimized and Scalable Synthesis of Carba‐α‐
d
‐Glucosamine. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Babczyk
- Kekulé‐Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Lukas M. Wingen
- Kekulé‐Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Dirk Menche
- Kekulé‐Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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12
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Kim S, Li Y, Lin L, Sayasith PR, Tarr AT, Wright EB, Yasmin S, Lannigan DA, O'Doherty GA. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4'-Substituted Kaempfer-3-ols. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4279-4288. [PMID: 32056430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two series of five kaempfer-3-ols was described. The first set all have a C-3 hydroxyl group and the second has a carboxymethoxy ether at the C-3 position. Both series have variable substitution at the C-4' position (i.e., OH, Cl, F, H, OMe). Both kaempferols and carboxymethoxy ethers were evaluated for their ability to inhibit ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) activity and cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugyeom Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peyton R Sayasith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ariel T Tarr
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | | | | | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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13
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Li Y, Seber P, Wright EB, Yasmin S, Lannigan DA, O'Doherty GA. The affinity of RSK for cylitol analogues of SL0101 is critically dependent on the B-ring C-4'-hydroxy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3058-3060. [PMID: 32048692 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Five cyclitol analogues of SL0101 with variable substitution at the C-4' position (i.e., OH, Cl, F, H, OMe) were synthesized. The series of analogues were evaluated for their ability to inhibit p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) activity. The study demonstrated the importance of the B-ring C-4' hydroxy group for RSK1/2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Pedro Seber
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | | | - Sharia Yasmin
- Cell & Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. and Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Cell & Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Li Y, Sandusky ZM, Vemula R, Zhang Q, Wu B, Fukuda S, Li M, Lannigan DA, O'Doherty GA. Regioselective Synthesis of a C-4'' Carbamate, C-6'' n-Pr Substituted Cyclitol Analogue of SL0101. Org Lett 2020; 22:1448-1452. [PMID: 32009414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis of two analogues of SL0101 (1) has been achieved. The effort is aimed at the discovery of inhibitors of the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) with improved bioavailability. The route relies upon the use of the Taylor catalyst to regioselectively install C-3″ acetyl or carbamate functionality. This study led to the identification of a third-generation analogue of SL0101 with a C-4″ n-Pr-carbamate and a C-3″ acetate with improved RSK inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Zachary M Sandusky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Rajender Vemula
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Bulan Wu
- Division of Natural Sciences, College of Natural & Applied Sciences , University of Guam , Mangilao , Guam 96923
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime 791-0295 , Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics , Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine , Toon , Ehime 791-0295 , Japan
| | - Mingzong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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15
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Divergent de novo synthesis of 2,4,5-trideoxyhexopyranosides derivatives of podophyllotoxin as anticancer agents. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:3015-3027. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Identification of new anticancer glycosidic derivatives of podophyllotoxin. Methods: 14 podophyllotoxin D- and L-monosaccharides have been synthesized in three steps employing de novo glycosylation strategy, and their abilities to inhibit the growth of HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, A549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells were investigated by MTT assay. Molecular docking study of compound 5j with tubulin was performed. Immunofluorescence was applied for detecting the inhibitory effect of 5j on tubulin polymerization. Results & conclusion: Most of synthesized compounds showed strong cytotoxicity activity against five cancer cell lines. Compound 5j possessed the highest cytotoxicity with the IC50 values from 41.6 to 95.2 nM, and could concentration-dependently inhibit polymerization of the microtubule cytoskeleton of MCF-7 cells. Molecular docking disclosed that sugar moiety-dedicated hydrogen bond endowed 5j a higher binding affinity for tubulin.
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16
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Dai Y, Tian B, Chen H, Zhang Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Stereospecific C-Glycosylation of Glycals with Vinylogous Acceptors. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Baotong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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17
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Kiya N, Hidaka Y, Usui K, Hirai G. Synthesis of CH2-Linked α(1,6)-Disaccharide Analogues by α-Selective Radical Coupling C-Glycosylation. Org Lett 2019; 21:1588-1592. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Kiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yu Hidaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuteru Usui
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Go Hirai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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18
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Hedberg C, Estrup M, Eikeland EZ, Jensen HH. Vinyl Grignard-Mediated Stereoselective Carbocyclization of Lactone Acetals. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2154-2165. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Espen Z. Eikeland
- Nano
Production and Micro Analysis, Danish Technological Institute, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
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19
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Li M, Li Y, Ludwik KA, Sandusky ZM, Lannigan DA, O'Doherty GA. Stereoselective Synthesis and Evaluation of C6″-Substituted 5a-Carbasugar Analogues of SL0101 as Inhibitors of RSK1/2. Org Lett 2017; 19:2410-2413. [PMID: 28441024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convergent synthesis of 5a-carbasugar analogues of the n-Pr-variant of SL0101 is described. The analogues were synthesized in an effort to find compounds with potent in vivo efficacy in the inhibition of p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK1/2). The synthesis derived the desired C-4 L-rhamnose stereochemistry from quinic acid and used a highly selective cuprate addition, NaBH4 reduction, Mitsunobu inversion, and alkene dihydroxylation to install the remaining stereochemistry. A Pd-catalyzed cyclitolization stereoselectively installed the aglycon at the anomeric position. The analogues were evaluated as RSK1/2 inhibitors and found to have 3- to 6-fold improved activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzong Li
- Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yu Li
- Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Katarzyna A Ludwik
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Zachary M Sandusky
- Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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20
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Song W, Wang S, Tang W. De Novo Synthesis of Mono- and Oligosaccharides via Dihydropyran Intermediates. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1027-1042. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangze Song
- School of Pharmacy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI 53705 USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian, 116024 P.R. China
| | - Shuojin Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Hainan Medical University; Haikou 571199 P.R. China
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI 53705 USA
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI 53706 USA
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21
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Catelani G, D'Andrea F, Guazzelli L, Griselli A, Testi N, Chiacchio MA, Legnani L, Toma L. Synthesis and conformational analysis of a simplified inositol-model of the Streptococcus pneumoniae 19F capsular polysaccharide repeating unit. Carbohydr Res 2017; 443-444:29-36. [PMID: 28324771 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate mimics have been studied for a long time as useful sugar substitutes, both in the investigation of biological events and in the treatment of sugar-related diseases. Here we report further evaluation of the capabilities of inositols as carbohydrate substitutes. The conformational features of an inositol-model of a simplified repeating unit corresponding to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae 19F has been evaluated by computational analysis, and compared to the native repeating unit. The inositol mimic was synthesized, and its experimental spectroscopic data allowed for verification of the theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Catelani
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Felicia D'Andrea
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessio Griselli
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Testi
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Chiacchio
- Università di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Legnani
- Università di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucio Toma
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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22
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Casalvieri KA, Matheson CJ, Backos DS, Reigan P. Selective Targeting of RSK Isoforms in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:302-312. [PMID: 28718440 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase family (RSK1-4) is a group of highly conserved Ser/Thr kinases that act as downstream effectors of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. The RSKs phosphorylate a range of substrates involved in transcription, translation, cell cycle regulation, and cell survival. Although the RSKs have a high degree of sequence homology, their functional differences in cancer are of great interest. Current RSK inhibitors target more than one RSK isoform, and this may limit their efficacy as anticancer agents. Here, we review the structure and function of the RSK kinases, their role in cancer growth and survival, and their potential as modulators of chemoresistance. In addition, we summarize the development of current RSK inhibitors and their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Casalvieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, V20-2102, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher J Matheson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, V20-2102, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Donald S Backos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, V20-2102, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Philip Reigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, V20-2102, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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23
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Ludwik KA, Campbell JP, Li M, Li Y, Sandusky ZM, Pasic L, Sowder ME, Brenin DR, Pietenpol JA, O'Doherty GA, Lannigan DA. Development of a RSK Inhibitor as a Novel Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2598-2608. [PMID: 27528706 PMCID: PMC5807013 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is an incurable disease and identification of novel therapeutic opportunities is vital. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) frequently metastasizes and high levels of activated p90RSK (RSK), a downstream MEK-ERK1/2 effector, are found in TNBC. We demonstrate, using direct pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of RSK1/2, that these kinases contribute to the TNBC metastatic process in vivo Kinase profiling showed that RSK1 and RSK2 are the predominant kinases targeted by the new inhibitor, which is based on the natural product SL0101. Further evidence for selectivity was provided by the observations that silencing RSK1 and RSK2 eliminated the ability of the analogue to further inhibit survival or proliferation of a TNBC cell line. In vivo, the new derivative was as effective as the FDA-approved MEK inhibitor trametinib in reducing the establishment of metastatic foci. Importantly, inhibition of RSK1/2 did not result in activation of AKT, which is known to limit the efficacy of MEK inhibitors in the clinic. Our results demonstrate that RSK is a major contributor to the TNBC metastatic program and provide preclinical proof-of-concept for the efficacy of the novel SL0101 analogue in vivo Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2598-608. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Ludwik
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - J Preston Campbell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mingzong Li
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zachary M Sandusky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lejla Pasic
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Miranda E Sowder
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David R Brenin
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jennifer A Pietenpol
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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24
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Li X, Zhu J. Glycosylation via Transition-Metal Catalysis: Challenges and Opportunities. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Department of Natural Sciences; University of Michigan-Dearborn; 4901 Evergreen Road 48128 Dearborn Michigan USA
| | - Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering; The University of Toledo; 2801 West Bancroft Street 43606 Toledo Ohio USA
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25
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK) are a family of Ser/Thr protein kinases that are downstream effectors of MEK1/2-ERK1/2. Increased RSK activation is implicated in the etiology of multiple pathologies, including numerous types of cancers, cardiovascular disease, liver and lung fibrosis, and infections. AREAS COVERED The review summarizes the patent and scientific literature on small molecule modulators of RSK and their potential use as therapeutics. The patents were identified using World Intellectual Property Organization and United States Patent and Trademark Office databases. The compounds described are predominantly RSK inhibitors, but a RSK activator is also described. The majority of the inhibitors are not RSK-specific. EXPERT OPINION Based on the overwhelming evidence that RSK is involved in a number of diseases that have high mortalities it seems surprising that there are no RSK modulators that have pharmacokinetic properties suitable for in vivo use. MEK1/2 inhibitors are in the clinic, but the efficacy of these compounds appears to be limited by their side effects. We hypothesize that targeting the downstream effectors of MEK1/2, like RSK, are an untapped source of drug targets and that they will generate less side effects than MEK1/2 inhibitors because they regulate fewer effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Ludwik
- a Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Deborah A Lannigan
- a Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.,b Department of Cancer Biology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
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