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Attia L, Nguyen D, Gokhale D, Zheng T, Doyle PS. Surfactant-Polymer Complexation and Competition on Drug Nanocrystal Surfaces Control Crystallinity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34409-34418. [PMID: 38889207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanosizing drug crystals has emerged as a successful approach to enabling oral bioavailability, as increasing drug crystal surface area improves dissolution kinetics and effective solubility. Recently, bottom-up methods have been developed to directly assemble nanosized crystals by leveraging polymer and surfactant excipients during crystallization to control crystal size, morphology, and structure. However, while significant research has investigated how polymers and other single additives inhibit or promote crystallization in pharmaceutical systems, there is little work studying the mechanistic interactions of multiple excipients on drug crystal structure and the extent of crystallinity, which can influence formulation performance. This study explores how the structure and crystallinity of a model hydrophobic drug crystal, fenofibrate, change as a result of competitive interfacial chemisorption between common nonionic surfactants (polysorbate 80 and sorbitan monooleate) and a surface-active polymer excipient (methylcellulose). Classical molecular dynamics simulations highlight how key intermolecular interactions, including surfactant-polymer complexation and surfactant screening of the crystal surface, modify the resulting crystal structure. In parallel, experiments generating drug nanocrystals in hydrogel thin films validate that drug crystallinity increases with an increasing weight fraction of surfactant. Simulation results reveal a connection between accelerated dynamics in the bulk crystal and the experimentally measured extent of crystallinity. To our knowledge, these are the first simulations that directly characterize structural changes in a drug crystal as a result of excipient surface composition and relate the experimental extent of crystallinity to structural changes in the molecular crystal. Our approach provides a mechanistic understanding of crystallinity in nanocrystallization, which can expand the range of orally deliverable small molecule therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dien Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Devashish Gokhale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Talia Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore 138602, Singapore
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2
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Novo DC, Edgar KJ. Smart fluorescent polysaccharides: Recent developments and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121471. [PMID: 37985079 PMCID: PMC10661488 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are ubiquitous, generally benign in nature, and compatible with many tissues in biomedical situations, making them appealing candidates for new materials such as therapeutic agents and sensors. Fluorescent labeling can create the ability to sensitively monitor distribution and transport of polysaccharide-based materials, which can for example further illuminate drug-delivery mechanisms and therefore improve design of delivery systems. Herein, we review fluorophore selection and ways of appending polysaccharides, utility of the product fluorescent polysaccharides as new smart materials, and their stimulus-responsive nature, with focus on their biomedical applications as environment-sensitive biosensors, imaging, and as molecular rulers. Further, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and future prospects for creation and use of these self-reporting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Novo
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; GlycoMIP, National Science Foundation Materials Innovation Platform, United States.
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3
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Tian B, Li L, Kang K, Peng D, Shi Y, Wang P. Crystallization inhibitory effects of konjac glucomannan, sodium alginate and xanthan gum on curcumin in supersaturated solution. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125489. [PMID: 37348583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Supersaturating drug delivery system (SDDS) is a promising approach to enhance the solubility of hydrophobic functional components. However, SDDS is thermodynamically unstable and crystallization tends to occur. In this work, curcumin was used as a model compound, and the crystallization inhibitory effect of konjac glucomannan (KGM), sodium alginate (SA) and xanthan gum (XTG) on curcumin in supersaturated solution was investigated. Amorphous solubility of curcumin was determined using ultraviolet extinction, fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering methods. Nucleation induction time (NIT) and crystal growth rate of curcumin were evaluated using ultraviolet probe in the absence and presence of various natural polysaccharides (NPs). Results showed that amorphous solubility of curcumin was approximately 30 μg/mL in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. NPs used in this work restrained nucleation or crystal growth of curcumin effectively. The NITs of curcumin in the absence of NPs and in the presence of XTG, KGM and SA (1 μg/mL) were 3.7, 60.7, 20.0 and 8.0 min, respectively. The crystal growth rate of curcumin in the absence of NPs and in the presence of XTG, SA and KGM (1 μg/mL) were 0.0103, 0.00752, 0.00286 and 0.000306 min-1, respectively. The nucleation inhibitory effect of NPs on curcumin was ranked as XTG > KGM > SA. The order of crystal growth inhibition capacity of NPs was KGM > SA > XTG. In conclusion, NPs could be incorporated into SDDS to maintain supersaturation of hydrophobic components for enhanced bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lintao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kairui Kang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Donglei Peng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Puxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Supersaturation and phase behavior during dissolution of amorphous solid dispersions. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122524. [PMID: 36549404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) is a promising strategy to enhance solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Due to higher free energy of ASD, supersaturated drug solution could be generated during dissolution. When amorphous solubility of a drug is exceeded, drug-rich nanodroplets could form and act as a reservoir to maintain the maximum free drug concentration in solution, facilitating the absorption of the drug in vivo. Dissolution behavior of ASD has received increasing interests. This review will focus on the recent advances in ASD dissolution, including the generation and maintenance of supersaturated drug solution in absence or presence of liquid-liquid phase separation. Mechanism of drug release from ASD including polymer-controlled dissolution and drug-controlled dissolution will be introduced. Formation of amorphous drug-rich nanodroplets during dissolution and the underlying mechanism will be discussed. Phase separation morphology of hydrated ASD plays a critical role in dissolution behavior of ASD, which will be highlighted. Supersaturated drug solution shows poor physical stability and tends to crystallize. The effect of polymer and surfactant on supersaturated drug solution will be demonstrated and some unexpected results will be shown. Physicochemical properties of drug and polymer could impact ASD dissolution and some of them even show opposite effect on dissolution and physical stability of ASD in solid state, respectively. This review will contribute to a better understanding of ASD dissolution and facilitate a rational design of ASD formulation.
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5
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Designing synergistic crystallization inhibitors: Bile salt derivatives of cellulose with enhanced hydrophilicity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119680. [PMID: 35725174 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization inhibitors in amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) enable metastable supersaturated drug solutions that persist for a physiologically relevant time. Olefin cross-metathesis (CM) has successfully provided multifunctional cellulose-based derivatives as candidate ASD matrix polymers. In proof of concept studies, we prepared hydrophobic bile salt/cellulose adducts by CM with naturally occurring bile salts. We hypothesized that increased hydrophilicity would enhance the ability of these conjugates to maximize bioactive supersaturation. Their selective preparation presents a significant synthetic challenge, given polysaccharide reactivity and polysaccharide and bile salt complexity. We prepared such derivatives using a more hydrophilic hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) backbone, employing a pent-4-enyl tether (Pen) for appending bile acids. We probed structure-property relationships by varying the nature and degree of substitution of the bile acid substituent (lithocholic or deoxycholic acid). These conjugates are indeed synergistic inhibitors, as demonstrated with the fast-crystallizing prostate cancer drug, enzalutamide. The lithocholic acid methyl ester derivative, AcrMLC-PenHHPCPen (0.64), increased induction time 68 fold vs. drug alone.
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Shi Q, Chen H, Wang Y, Wang R, Xu J, Zhang C. Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Role of the Polymer and Its Importance in Physical Stability and In Vitro Performance. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081747. [PMID: 36015373 PMCID: PMC9413000 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions stabilized by one or more polymer(s) have been widely used for delivering amorphous drugs with poor water solubilities, and they have gained great market success. Polymer selection is important for preparing robust amorphous solid dispersions, and considerations should be given as to how the critical attributes of a polymer can enhance the physical stability, and the in vitro and in vivo performances of a drug. This article provides a comprehensive overview for recent developments in the understanding the role of polymers in amorphous solid dispersions from the aspects of nucleation, crystal growth, overall crystallization, miscibility, phase separation, dissolution, and supersaturation. The critical properties of polymers affecting the physical stability and the in vitro performance of amorphous solid dispersions are also highlighted. Moreover, a perspective regarding the current research gaps and novel research directions for better understanding the role of the polymer is provided. This review will provide guidance for the rational design of polymer-based amorphous pharmaceutical solids with desired physicochemical properties from the perspective of physical stability and in vitro performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Haibiao Chen
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Ruoxun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (C.Z.)
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7
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Shi Q, Moinuddin SM, Wang Y, Ahsan F, Li F. Physical stability and dissolution behaviors of amorphous pharmaceutical solids: Role of surface and interface effects. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122098. [PMID: 35961416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous pharmaceutical solids (APS) are single- or multi-component systems in which drugs exist in high-energy states with long-range disordered molecular packing. APSs have become one of the most effective and widely used pharmaceutical delivery approaches for poorly water-soluble drugs in the last several decades. Considerable efforts have been made to investigate the physical stability and dissolution behaviors of APSs, however, the underlying mechanisms remain imperfectly understood. Recent studies reveal that surface and interface properties of APSs could strongly affect the physical stability and dissolution behaviors. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies focusing on the physical stability and dissolution behaviors of APSs from both surface and interface perspectives. We highlight the role of surface or interface properties in nucleation, crystal growth, phase separation, dissolution, and supersaturation. Meanwhile, the challenges and scope of research on surface and interface properties in the future are also briefly discussed. This review contributes to a better understanding of the surface- and interface-facilitated processes, which will provide more efficient and rational guidance for the design of APSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China.
| | - Sakib M Moinuddin
- California Northstate University, College of Pharmacy, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; East Bay Institute For Research & Education (EBIRE), 10535 Hospital Way, Bldg. 650 2nd Floor, Rm. 2B121A, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Fakhrul Ahsan
- California Northstate University, College of Pharmacy, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; East Bay Institute For Research & Education (EBIRE), 10535 Hospital Way, Bldg. 650 2nd Floor, Rm. 2B121A, Mather, CA 95655, USA.
| | - Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China.
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Butreddy A. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate as an exceptional polymer for amorphous solid dispersion formulations: A review from bench to clinic. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 177:289-307. [PMID: 35872180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are a proven system for achieving a supersaturated state of drug, in which the concentration of drug is greater than its crystalline solubility. The usage of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Acetate Succinate (HPMCAS) in the development of ASDs has grown significantly, as evidenced by the fact that majority of commercially approved ASD formulations are based on HPMCAS. HPMCAS has been widely utilized as a solubility enhancer and precipitation inhibitor or stabilizer to achieve supersaturation and inhibit crystallization of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. The characteristics of HPMCAS ASDs such as less hygroscopic, strong drug-polymer hydrophobic interactions, high solubilization efficiency, greater potential to generate, maintain drug supersaturation and crystallization inhibition outperform other polymeric carriers in ASD development. Furthermore, combining HPMCAS with other polymers or surfactants as ternary ASDs could be a viable approach for enhancing oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs. This review discusses the concepts of supersaturation maintenance or precipitation inhibition of HPMCAS in the ASD formulations. In addition, the mechanisms underlying for improved dissolution performance, oral bioavailability and stability of HPMCAS ASDs are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Butreddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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9
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Volkova TV, Simonova OR, Perlovich GL. Another Move towards Bicalutamide Dissolution and Permeability Improvement with Acetylated β-Cyclodextrin Solid Dispersion. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071472. [PMID: 35890367 PMCID: PMC9316079 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex formation of antiandrogen bicalutamide (BCL) with methylated (Me-β-CD) and acetylated (Ac-β-CD) β-cyclodextrins was investigated in buffer solution pH 6.8. A two-fold strongly binding of BCL to Ac-β-CD as compared to Me-β-CD was revealed. The solid dispersion of BCL with Ac-β-CD was prepared by the mechanical grinding procedure to obtain the complex in the solid state. The BCL/Ac-β-CD complex was characterized by DSC, XPRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The effect of Ac-β-CD in the BCL solid dispersions on the non-sink dissolution/permeation simultaneous processes was disclosed using the side-by-side diffusion cell with the help of the cellulose membrane. The elevated dissolution of the ground complex, as compared to the raw drug as well as the simple physical mixture, accompanied by the supersaturation was revealed. Two biopolymers—polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Mn = 58,000) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC, Mn ~ 10,000)—were examined as the precipitation inhibitors and were shown to be useful in prolonging the supersaturation state. The BCL/Ac-β-CD complex has the fastest dissolution rate in the presence of HPMC. The maximal concentration of the complex was achieved at a time of 20, 30, and 90 min in the pure buffer, with PVP and with HPMC, respectively. The effectiveness of the BCL dissolution (release) processes (illustrated by the AUCC(t) parameter) was estimated to be 7.8-, 5.8-, 3.0-, and 1.8-fold higher for BCL/Ac-β-CD (HPMC), BCL/Ac-β-CD (PVP), BCL/Ac-β-CD (buffer), and the BCL/Ac-β-CD physical mixture, respectively, as compared to the BCL_raw sample. The excipient gain factor (EGF), calculated for the dissolution of the BCL complex, was shown to be 2.6 in the presence of HPMC, which is 1.3-fold greater as compared to PVP. From the experimental dissolution results, it can be concluded that the formation of BCL ground complex with Ac-β-CD enhances the dissolution rate of the compound. The permeation was also shown to be advantageous in the presence of the polymers, which was demonstrated by the elevated fluxes of BCL through the membrane. The comparison of the dissolution/permeation processes was illustrated and discussed. The conclusion was made that the presence of HPMC as a stabilizer of the supersaturation state is promising and seems to be a useful tool for the optimization of BCL pharmaceutical formulations manufacturing.
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Maghsoodi M, Astemal SM, Nokhodchi A, Kiaie H, Khoshfetrat AB, Talebi F. An Insight into Eudragit S100 Preserving Mechanism of Cinnarizine Supersaturation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:80. [PMID: 35233687 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, supersaturation of weakly basic drug solution in the gastrointestinal tract can be followed by precipitation, and this can compromise the bioavailability of drugs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Eudragit® S100 on the pH-induced supersaturation of cinnarizine and to examine the preserving mechanism of cinnarizine supersaturation by Eudragit®. Variables, including pH of media, ionic strength, and degree of supersaturation, were studied to investigate the effects of these parameters on cinnarizine supersaturation in the presence and absence of Eudragit®. The size of the Eudragit® aggregate in solution using dynamic light scattering was determined. The effect of Eudragit® on the transport of cinnarizine through the Caco-2 membrane was also investigated. The particle size study of Eudragit® aggregates showed that the size of these aggregates become large when the pH was lowered. Supersaturation experiments also demonstrated that Eudragit® preserved higher cinnarizine supersaturation with increasing ionic strength of the solution. The phase separation behavior of cinnarizine solution as a function of the degree of the supersaturation could be readily explained by considering the drug amorphous solubility. In vitro permeation studies revealed that the rate of cinnarizine permeation across Caco-2 cells increased in the presence of Eudragit®. According to the obtained results, the aggregation status of Eudragit® and nonspecific hydrophobic cinnarizine-Eudragit® interactions seemed to be essential in determining the effect of Eudragit® on cinnarizine supersaturation.
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11
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Huang Z, Staufenbiel S, Bodmeier R. Kinetic solubility improvement and influence of polymers on controlled supersaturation of itraconazole-succinic acid nano-co-crystals. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121536. [PMID: 35124120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nano-co-crystals enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. The objective of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the dissolution process of nano-co-crystals and of the precipitation inhibition by various polymers. Itraconazole-succinic acid (ITZ-SUC) nano-co-crystal was chosen as model drug formulation to investigate the supersaturation and precipitation inhibition capabilities of various polymers (HPMC E5, HPMC E50, HPMCAS, HPC-SSL, PVPK30 and PVPVA64). The kinetic concentration-time profiles of nano-co-crystal were measured under non-sink conditions with in situ UV-VIS spectroscopy. HPMC E5 performed best by achieving the greatest extended supersaturation/precipitation inhibition. The precipitation inhibition capacity of HPMC E5 was proportional to its concentration. The maximum achievable supersaturation was proportional to the dissolution rate which can be modulated by the rate of supersaturation generation (i.e., addition rate or dose). Supersaturation could be prolonged significantly resulting in 2-5-fold increased area under the dissolution curves compared to nano-co-crystals alone. This effect was limited by a critical excess of undissolved particles with high specific surface area which acted as crystallization seeds resulting in faster precipitation. The study highlighted that a faster dissolution rate and the use of precipitation inhibitors were two key factors determining the extent and time of supersaturation of nano-co-crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Staufenbiel
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Bodmeier
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany.
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Zhu S, Yu R, Qian G, Deng L. A supersaturating drug delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of nilotinib. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Towards a better understanding of the role of stabilizers in QESD crystallizations. Pharm Res 2022; 39:3123-3136. [PMID: 35266086 PMCID: PMC9780136 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quasi-emulsion solvent-diffusion crystallization (QESD) is a type of spherical crystallization which can be used as a particle design method to improve the flowability and micromeritic properties of drugs or excipients. Spherical particles are generated by dispersing a solvent phase in an antisolvent so that a transient emulsion is formed. Within the droplets the material can crystallize and agglomerate into spherical, hollow particles. Surfactants, such as surface-active polymers like hypromellose, are often required to stabilize the quasi-emulsion. To gain further understanding for the role of the stabilizer, a new screening-method was developed which compared different surface active polymers in solution at similar dynamic viscosities rather than at a set concentration. The dynamic viscosities of a low-viscosity grade hypromellose solution used in the previous publications describing the QESD crystallization of metformin hydrochloride by the authors was used as a target value. QESD crystallizations of metformin hydrochloride (MF) and celecoxib showed that the type of stabilizer and whether it is dissolved in the solvent or antisolvent has an effect on the agglomerates. For MF, the type of hypromellose used can have a significant influence on the properties of the agglomerates. More polymers could be used to stabilize the transient emulsion of celecoxib than previously found in literature. Furthermore, QESD crystallizations seem to be more robust when the stabilizer is dissolved in the antisolvent, however this can lead to a reduced drug load of the agglomerates.
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Shi Q, Li F, Yeh S, Moinuddin SM, Xin J, Xu J, Chen H, Ling B. Recent Advances in Enhancement of Dissolution and Supersaturation of Poorly Water-Soluble Drug in Amorphous Pharmaceutical Solids: A Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:16. [PMID: 34893936 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphization is one of the most effective pharmaceutical approaches to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. In recent years, amorphous formulations have been experiencing rapid development both in theoretical and practical application. Based on using different types of stabilizing agents, amorphous formulations can be mainly classified as polymer-based amorphous solid dispersion, coamorphous formulation, mesoporous silica-based amorphous formulation, etc. This paper summarizes recent advances in the dissolution and supersaturation of these amorphous formulations. Moreover, we also highlight the roles of stabilizing agents such as polymers, low molecular weight co-formers, and mesoporous silica. Maintaining supersaturation in solution is a key factor for the enhancement of dissolution profile and oral bioavailability, and thus, the strategies and challenges for maintaining supersaturation are also discussed. With an in-depth understanding of the inherent mechanisms of dissolution behaviors, the design of amorphous pharmaceutical formulations will become more scientific and reasonable, leading to vigorous development of commercial amorphous drug products.
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15
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Supersaturating drug delivery systems containing fixed-dose combination of two antihypertensive drugs: Formulation, in vitro evaluation and molecular metadynamics simulations. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105860. [PMID: 33901683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to associate the poorly water-soluble antihypertensive drugs candesartan cilexetil (CC) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) as fixed-dose combination, in the form of ternary Amorphous Solid Dispersions (ASD), using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) type M as polymeric carrier. The potential of the system to generate and to maintain supersaturation of both drugs was also evaluated. The ASDs were prepared by ball milling technique and solid-state characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Interaction between drugs and polymer in solid-state was evaluated by molecular metadynamics simulations. In vitro supersaturation profiles were determined in biorelevant medium. Physicochemical stability of ASDs was also evaluated under different storage conditions. Amorphization of both drugs was confirmed by solid-state characterization techniques. Molecular metadynamics simulations indicated that CC has stronger interaction with HMPCAS than HCTZ. In vitro supersaturation studies have shown that ternary ASDs could generate and maintain supersaturation of both drugs in biorelevant medium. The polymer reduced the desupersaturation of both drugs. Ternary ASDs also showed physicochemical stability over a period of 90 days, demonstrating the potential of the polymer in reducing the drugs recrystallization over the time. Ternary ASDs of CC, HCTZ and HPMCAS can be considered a promising system to associate the drugs as fixed-dose combinations. Also, these systems generate and maintain supersaturation of both drugs in biorelevant medium, with great storage stability. HPMCAS M was a good carrier for reducing the desupersaturation of associated HCTZ and CC.
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16
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Que C, Deac A, Zemlyanov DY, Qi Q, Indulkar AS, Gao Y, Zhang GGZ, Taylor LS. Impact of Drug-Polymer Intermolecular Interactions on Dissolution Performance of Copovidone-Based Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3496-3508. [PMID: 34319746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For poorly soluble drugs formulated as amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), fast and complete release with the generation of drug-rich colloidal particles is beneficial for optimizing drug absorption. However, this ideal dissolution profile can only be achieved when the drug releases at the same normalized rate as the polymer, also known as congruent release. This phenomenon only occurs when the drug loading (DL) is below a certain value. The maximal DL at which congruent release occurs is defined as the limit of congruency (LoC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between drug chemical structure and LoC for PVPVA-based ASDs. The compounds investigated shared a common scaffold substituted with different functional groups, capable of forming hydrogen bonds only, halogen bonds only, both hydrogen and halogen bonds, or nonspecific interactions only with the polymer. Intermolecular interactions were studied and confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The release rates of ASDs with different DLs were investigated using surface area normalized dissolution. ASDs with hydrogen bond formation between the drug and polymer had lower LoCs, while compounds that were only able to form halogen bonds or nonspecific interactions with the polymer achieved considerably higher LoCs. This study highlights the impact of different types of drug-polymer interactions on ASD dissolution performance, providing insights into the role of drug and polymer chemical structures on the LoC and ASD performance in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chailu Que
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Alexandru Deac
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dmitry Y Zemlyanov
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - QingQing Qi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Anura S Indulkar
- Drug Product Development, Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yi Gao
- Science and Technology, Operations, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Geoff G Z Zhang
- Drug Product Development, Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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17
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McCarthy CA, Zemlyanov DY, Crean AM, Taylor LS. Comparison of Drug Release and Adsorption under Supersaturating Conditions for Ordered Mesoporous Silica with Indomethacin or Indomethacin Methyl Ester. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3062-3074. [PMID: 32633973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Incomplete drug release from mesoporous silica systems has been observed in several studies. This work aims to increase the understanding of this phenomenon by investigating the mechanism of drug-silica interactions and adsorption behavior from supersaturated aqueous solutions of two similar drug molecules with different hydrogen bonding capabilities. Drug-silica interactions between indomethacin or its methyl ester and SBA-15 were investigated using spectroscopic techniques (infrared, fluorescence and X-ray photoelectron) and adsorption experiments. The results demonstrate that the predominant mechanism of interaction of both drugs with silica is hydrogen bonding between drug acceptor carbonyl groups with donor groups on the silica surface. The presence of a drug hydrogen bond donor group did not enhance drug adsorption. No evidence was obtained for drug adsorption through nonspecific hydrophobic interactions. Drug adsorption onto the silica surface was investigated under supersaturating conditions through the generation of adsorption isotherms. Similar adsorption isotherms were observed for each compound when the concentration scale was normalized to the drug amorphous solubility. In other words, the equilibrium between the drug adsorbed on the silica surface and free drug in solution was related to the drug activity in solution. The high tendency of the drug to adsorb when the solution is supersaturated was, in turn, found to limit the extent of drug release during dissolution under nonsink conditions. Thus, adsorption provides an explanation for incomplete drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A McCarthy
- SSPC Pharm. Res. Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Dmitry Y Zemlyanov
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana, United States
| | - Abina M Crean
- SSPC Pharm. Res. Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana, United States
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18
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Schneider R, Taspinar L, Ji Y, Sadowski G. The influence of polymeric excipients on desupersaturation profiles of active pharmaceutical ingredients. 1: Polyethylene glycol. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119317. [PMID: 32320721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric excipients have proven to be beneficial in stabilizing supersaturated solutions of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). They are therefore considered an important tool in improving oral bioavailability of such APIs. To better understand this effect, desupersaturation of two model APIs - naproxen and indomethacin- were investigated with up to 1 wt% of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in aqueous solution. A crystal-growth model is proposed that allows simultaneous differentiation between thermodynamic and kinetic effects. It could be revealed that PEG, independent of molecular weight and concentration, acts as a solubilizer, thus increasing the equilibrium solubility of the API and thereby reducing the thermodynamic driving force for crystal growth from supersaturated solutions. In contrast, PEG does not change the kinetic crystal-growth parameters. This theoretical approach allowed predicting the API crystal-growth-dominated desupersaturation profiles in the presence of PEG at different concentrations only using the kinetic crystal-growth parameters determined for polymer-free systems and API solubilities measured in the presence of PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Schneider
- TU Dortmund, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lütfi Taspinar
- TU Dortmund, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yuanhui Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- TU Dortmund, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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19
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Chen H, Paul S, Xu H, Wang K, Mahanthappa MK, Sun CC. Reduction of Punch-Sticking Propensity of Celecoxib by Spherical Crystallization via Polymer Assisted Quasi-Emulsion Solvent Diffusion. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1387-1396. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chen
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shubhajit Paul
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hongyun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kunlin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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20
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Elucidation of alginate-drug miscibility on its crystal growth inhibition effect in supersaturated drug delivery system. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Dissolution Advantage of Nitazoxanide Cocrystals in the Presence of Cellulosic Polymers. Pharmaceutics 2019; 12:pharmaceutics12010023. [PMID: 31881696 PMCID: PMC7022799 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and methylcellulose (Methocel® 60 HG) on the dissolution behavior of two cocrystals derived from nitazoxanide (NTZ), viz., nitazoxanide-glutaric acid (NTZ-GLU, 1:1) and nitazoxanide-succinic acid (NTZ-SUC, 2:1), was explored. Powder dissolution experiments under non-sink conditions showed similar dissolution profiles for the cocrystals and pure NTZ. However, pre-dissolved cellulosic polymer in the phosphate dissolution medium (pH 7.5) modified the dissolution profile of NTZ when starting from the cocrystals, achieving transient drug supersaturation. Subsequent dissolution studies under sink conditions of polymer-based pharmaceutical powder formulations with NTZ-SUC cocrystals gave a significant improvement of the apparent solubility of NTZ when compared with analogous formulations of pure NTZ and the physical mixture of NTZ and SUC. Scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis of samples recovered after the powder dissolution studies showed that the cocrystals undergo fast dissolution, drug supersaturation and precipitation both in the absence and presence of polymer, suggesting that the solubilization enhancement is due to polymer-induced delay of nucleation and crystal growth of the less soluble NTZ form. The study demonstrates that the incorporation of an appropriate excipient in adequate concentration can be a key factor for inducing and maintaining the solubilization of poorly soluble drugs starting from co-crystallized solid forms. In such a way, cocrystals can be suitable for the development of solid dosage forms with improved bioavailability and efficacy in the treatment of important parasitic and viral diseases, among others.
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22
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Zhang W, Hate SS, Russell DJ, Hou HH, Nagapudi K. Impact of Surfactant and Surfactant-Polymer Interaction on Desupersaturation of Clotrimazole. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3262-3271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Conjugation of bile esters to cellulose by olefin cross-metathesis: A strategy for accessing complex polysaccharide structures. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 221:37-47. [PMID: 31227165 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile salts tend to form micelles in aqueous media and can thereby contribute to drug solubilization; they also exhibit crystallization inhibition properties that can stabilize supersaturated drug solutions. Herein, we explore conjugation of bile salts with polysaccharides to create new, amphiphilic polysaccharide derivatives with intriguing properties, portending broad utility in various applications. We introduce efficient conjugation of cholesterol (as a model steroid), lithocholic acid, and deoxycholic acid by mild, modular olefin cross-metathesis reactions. These small molecules were first modified with an acrylate group from the A-ring hydroxyl, then reacted with cellulose derivatives bearing olefin-terminated metathesis "handles". Successful conjugation of bile acids has demonstrated chemoselective cross-metathesis with complex, polyfunctional structures, and large multi-ring systems. It also enabled an efficient, general pathway for polysaccharide-bile salt conjugates, which promise synergy for applications such as amorphous solid dispersion (ASD).
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24
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Ricarte RG, Van Zee NJ, Li Z, Johnson LM, Lodge TP, Hillmyer MA. Recent Advances in Understanding the Micro- and Nanoscale Phenomena of Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4089-4103. [PMID: 31487183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many pharmaceutical drugs in the marketplace and discovery pipeline suffer from poor aqueous solubility, thereby limiting their effectiveness for oral delivery. The use of an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), a mixture of an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a polymer excipient, greatly enhances the aqueous dissolution performance of a drug without the need for chemical modification. Although this method is versatile and scalable, deficient understanding of the interactions between drugs and polymers inhibits ASD rational design. This current Review details recent progress in understanding the mechanisms that control ASD performance. In the solid-state, the use of high-resolution theoretical, computational, and experimental tools resolved the influence of drug/polymer phase behavior and dynamics on stability during storage. During dissolution in aqueous media, novel characterization methods revealed that ASDs can form complex nanostructures, which maintain and improve supersaturation of the drug. The studies discussed here illustrate that nanoscale phenomena, which have been directly observed and quantified, strongly affect the stability and bioavailability of ASD systems, and provide a promising direction for optimizing drug/polymer formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralm G Ricarte
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials Laboratory, CNRS, ESPCI-Paris , PSL Research University , 10 Rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
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25
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Application of an adsorption isotherm to explain incomplete drug release from ordered mesoporous silica materials under supersaturating conditions. J Control Release 2019; 307:186-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Frank DS, Zhu Q, Matzger AJ. Inhibiting or Accelerating Crystallization of Pharmaceuticals by Manipulating Polymer Solubility. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3720-3725. [PMID: 31268333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymers play a central role in controlling the crystallization of pharmaceuticals with effects as divergent as amorphous form stabilization and the acceleration of crystallization. Here, using pyrazinamide and hydrochlorothiazide as model pharmaceuticals, it is demonstrated that the same functional group interactions are responsible for these opposing behaviors and that whether a polymer speeds or slows a crystallization can be controlled by polymer solubility. This concept is applied for the discovery of polymers to maintain drug supersaturation in solution: the strength of functional group interactions between drug and polymer is assessed through polymer-induced heteronucleation, and soluble polymers containing the strongest-interacting functional groups with drug are shown to succeed as precipitation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , China
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27
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Ngwabebhoh FA, Yildiz U. Nature‐derived fibrous nanomaterial toward biomedicine and environmental remediation: Today's state and future prospects. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahanwi Asabuwa Ngwabebhoh
- Department of ChemistryKocaeli University Umuttepe Campus, 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
- Centre of Polymer SystemsUniversity Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin Tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin Czech Republic
| | - Ufuk Yildiz
- Department of ChemistryKocaeli University Umuttepe Campus, 41380 Kocaeli Turkey
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28
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Stabilizing supersaturated drug-delivery system through mechanism of nucleation and crystal growth inhibition of drugs. Ther Deliv 2018; 9:873-885. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2018-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A supersaturated drug-delivery system is capable of enhancing oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. Maintenance of the supersaturated system both in vitro and in vivo is one of the most challenging parts, for that it is required to keenly understand the nucleation and crystal growth behavior. Polymers are widely used to stabilize supersaturated solutions; screening of polymers is done on the basis of their interaction with drug. Nucleation and crystal growth inhibition and drug–polymer interactions can be investigated by using various spectroscopic methods. Various formulations are prepared as supersaturated systems using different drug-delivery systems utilizing different polymers, which illustrates that supersaturation is worthwhile to increase the solubility and hence oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
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29
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Chavan RB, Rathi S, Jyothi VGSS, Shastri NR. Cellulose based polymers in development of amorphous solid dispersions. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 14:248-264. [PMID: 32104456 PMCID: PMC7032228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose derivatives have gained immense popularity as stabilizers for amorphous solid dispersion owing to their diverse physicochemical properties. More than 20 amorphous solid dispersion-based products that have been approved for marketing consist of cellulose derivatives as stabilizers, thus highlighting their importance in generation of amorphous solid dispersions. These polymers offer numerous advantages like drug solubilization, crystallization inhibition and improvement in release patterns of drugs. Exploring their potential and exploiting their chemistry and pH responsive behaviour have led to the synthesis of new derivatives that has broadened the scope of the use of cellulose derivatives in amorphous formulation development. The present review aims to provide an overview of different mechanisms by which these cellulose derivatives inhibit the crystallization of drugs in the solid state and from supersaturated solution. A summary of different categories of cellulose derivatives along with the newly explored polymers has been provided. A special segment on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis and critical quality attributes (CQAs) which affect the performance of the cellulose based amorphous solid dispersion will aid the researchers in identifying the major challenges in the development of cellulose based solid dispersion and serve as a guide for further formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nalini R Shastri
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad 500037, India. Tel.: +91 040 23423749.
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30
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Synergistic effect of PLGA nanoparticles and submicron triglyceride droplets in enhancing the intestinal solubilisation of a lipophilic weak base. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 118:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Investigating the Impact of Drug Crystallinity in Amorphous Tacrolimus Capsules on Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence Using Discriminatory In Vitro Dissolution Testing and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:1330-1341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Li N, Taylor LS. Tailoring supersaturation from amorphous solid dispersions. J Control Release 2018; 279:114-125. [PMID: 29654798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The maximum achievable concentration of a drug in solution is dictated by the chemical potential of the solid form. Because an amorphous solid has a higher chemical potential than the corresponding crystal form, in the absence of phase transformations, a higher transient solubility is expected. However, the chemical potential of an amorphous drug can be reduced by mixing with another component. Therefore, upon mixing with a polymer to form an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), the maximum solution concentration achieved can be potentially altered, in particular if the polymer is poorly soluble in the dissolution medium. Such changes in the chemical potential of the drug may be a critical factor in determining the maximum achievable solution concentration, and could alter the crystallization driving force of the drug. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain insights into the impact of poorly soluble polymers on the "amorphous solubility" of drugs formulated as amorphous solid dispersions. Lopinavir was selected as a model drug with a low crystallization tendency, enabling determination of the amorphous solubility as a function of ASD composition. Model polymers included cellulose acetate (CA), CA phthalate (CAP), ethylcellulose (EC), Eudragit® RL PO (EUD), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), HPMC acetate succinate (HPMCAS), and HPMC phthalate (HPMCP). The "amorphous solubility" of the drug alone was determined and then the changes in maximum achievable concentration were measured as a function of drug loading. Drug-polymer interactions were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and moisture sorption analysis. The results showed that the maximum achievable concentration ("amorphous solubility") of lopinavir varied with the extent of drug-polymer interactions, as well as the drug weight fraction in the ASD. This information is of great value when evaluating the maximum achievable concentration of amorphous systems formulated with pH responsive polymers, and should contribute to a broader understanding of drug phase behavior in the context of ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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33
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Sugihara H, Taylor LS. Evaluation of Pazopanib Phase Behavior Following pH-Induced Supersaturation. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1690-1699. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Sugihara
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Pharmaceutical R&D, CMC & Production HQs, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mishima-Gun, Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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34
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Arca HÇ, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Dahal D, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Multidrug, Anti-HIV Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Nature and Mechanisms of Impacts of Drugs on Each Other’s Solution Concentrations. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3617-3627. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hale Çiğdem Arca
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Laura I. Mosquera-Giraldo
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Durga Dahal
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department
of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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35
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Huang W, Mandal T, Larson RG. Multiscale Computational Modeling of the Nanostructure of Solid Dispersions of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Acetate Succinate (HPMCAS) and Phenytoin. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3422-3435. [PMID: 28829134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We recently developed coarse-grained (CG) force fields for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) polymers and the model drug molecule phenytoin, and a continuum transport model to study the polymer-drug nanostructures presented during a dissolution test after solvation of solid dispersion particles. We model the polymer-drug interactions that contribute to suppression of drug aggregation, release, and crystal growth during the dissolution process, and we take these as indicators of polymer effectiveness. We find that the size and the intermolecular interaction strength of the functional group and the drug loading concentration are the major factors that impact the effectiveness of the polymeric excipient. The hydroxypropyl acetyl group is the most effective functional group, followed by the acetyl group, while the deprotonated succinyl group is the least effective functional group, except that the deprotonated succinyl group at the 6-position is very effective in slowing down the phenytoin crystal growth. Our simulation results thus suggest HPMCAS with higher acetyl and lower succinyl content is more effective in promoting phenytoin solubility in dissolution media, and polymers become less effective when drug loading becomes high (i.e., 50% of the mass of the polymer/drug solid dispersion), agreeing with previous experimental studies. In addition, our transport model indicates that the drug release time from a solid dispersion particle of 2 μm diameter is less than 10 min, correlating well with the experimental time scale for a typical dissolution profile to reach maximum peak concentration. Our modeling effort, therefore, provides new avenues to understand the dissolution behavior of complex HPMCAS-phenytoin solid dispersions and offers a new design tool to optimize the formulation. Moreover, the systematic and robust approach used in our computational models can be extended to other polymeric excipients and drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
| | - Taraknath Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
| | - Ronald G Larson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
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36
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Indulkar AS, Waters JE, Mo H, Gao Y, Raina SA, Zhang GG, Taylor LS. Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1998-2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Evaluating the predictability of the in vitro transfer model and in vivo rat studies as a surrogate to investigate the supersaturation and precipitation behaviour of different Albendazole formulations for humans. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 105:108-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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38
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Arca HÇ, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Pereira JM, Sriranganathan N, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Rifampin Stability and Solution Concentration Enhancement Through Amorphous Solid Dispersion in Cellulose ω-Carboxyalkanoate Matrices. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:127-138. [PMID: 28601524 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly infectious disease; approximately 2 billion people are currently latently infected with the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Approximately 8 million new active cases and 2 million deaths due to TB are recorded annually.1 Rifampin (Rif) is a vital first-line TB treatment drug. Its effectiveness is hampered by the high dose required (600 mg 1×/day) and by its moderate, variable bioavailability. These issues can be explained by Rif instability at gastric pH, limited solubility at neutral pH, polymorphism, and stimulation of its own metabolism. To overcome these obstacles, we developed new cellulose-based oral drug delivery systems aiming to increase and make more consistent Rif solubility and bioavailability. Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of Rif with cellulose ω-carboxyalkanoates (cellulose acetate suberate, cellulose acetate propionate adipate, and cellulose acetate butyrate sebacate) were prepared and compared with crystalline Rif (negative) and carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate ASD (positive) controls. Cellulose ω-carboxyalkanoate ASDs prevented acid-catalyzed degradation in conditions mimicking the acidic stomach and provided complete release of intact Rif at intestinal pH. Rif incorporation into ASD in these novel cellulose derivative matrices creates the potential for convenient, robust, consistent, and high Rif oral bioavailability for treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hale Çiğdem Arca
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | | | - Junia M Pereira
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Nammalwar Sriranganathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indiana 47907
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061; Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061.
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39
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Dong Y, Matson JB, Edgar KJ. Olefin Cross-Metathesis in Polymer and Polysaccharide Chemistry: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1661-1676. [PMID: 28467697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Olefin cross-metathesis, a ruthenium-catalyzed carbon-carbon double bond transformation that features high selectivity, reactivity, and tolerance of various functional groups, has been extensively applied in organic synthesis and polymer chemistry. Herein, we review strategies for performing selective cross-metathesis and its applications in polymer and polysaccharide chemistry, including constructing complex polymer architectures, attaching pendant groups to polymer backbones and surfaces, and modifying polysaccharide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B Matson
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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40
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Paisana MC, Wahl MA, Pinto JF. An Insight Into the Impact of Polymers on the Hydrate Conversion of Olanzapine Form I in Aqueous Suspensions. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1786-1794. [PMID: 28322942 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential of polyethyleneglycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) to inhibit the hydration of olanzapine (OLZ) in aqueous environments was assessed. OLZ Form I (OLZ) suspended in water (A) or in aqueous polymer solutions (2%, 0.2%, 0.02%, and 0.002%) (PEG 6000 [B], PEG 40,000 [C], HPC LF [D], or PVP K30 [E]). Filtered samples were analyzed by different techniques (X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). OLZ hydration showed to be faster in water than in PEG solutions, regardless of the polymer molecular weight. OLZ in D and E suspensions remained anhydrous at concentrations of 2%-0.02%. The NMR measurements revealed that all of these polymers were able to establish hydrogen bonds with the OLZ molecule and increased its saturation solubility, but only D and E showed to increase the wettability of the OLZ particles due to binding of these polymers to the surface of hydrate nuclei/first crystals OLZ crystals. This study provided an insight into the mechanisms of OLZ hydrate protection by polymers. It confirmed the advantage of using PVP K30 or HPC LF in wet granulation in concentrations as low as 0.02% to prevent formation of OLZ hydrates, due to the combined effect of H-bond ability and the strong bonding of these polymers to the surface of the crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Paisana
- iMed.ULisboa -Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, P-1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Martin A Wahl
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - João F Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa -Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, P-1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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41
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Gilley AD, Arca HC, Nichols BL, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ, Neilson AP. Novel cellulose-based amorphous solid dispersions enhance quercetin solution concentrations in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Johnson LM, Li Z, LaBelle AJ, Bates FS, Lodge TP, Hillmyer MA. Impact of Polymer Excipient Molar Mass and End Groups on Hydrophobic Drug Solubility Enhancement. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Ziang Li
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Andrew J. LaBelle
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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43
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Effect of polymers in moisture sorption and physical stability of polymorphic olanzapine. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 97:257-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Dong Y, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Tandem modification of amphiphilic cellulose ethers for amorphous solid dispersion via olefin cross-metathesis and thiol-Michael addition. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tandem olefin cross-metathesis (CM) and thiol-Michael addition for modification of cellulose derivatives”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
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45
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Han YR, Lee PI. Effect of Extent of Supersaturation on the Evolution of Kinetic Solubility Profiles. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:206-220. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Rang Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Ping I. Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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46
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Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Borca CH, Meng X, Edgar KJ, Slipchenko LV, Taylor LS. Mechanistic Design of Chemically Diverse Polymers with Applications in Oral Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3659-3671. [PMID: 27715018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymers play a key role in stabilizing amorphous drug formulations, a recent strategy employed to improve solubility and bioavailability of drugs delivered orally. However, the molecular mechanism of stabilization is unclear, therefore, the rational design of new crystallization-inhibiting excipients remains a substantial challenge. This article presents a combined experimental and computational approach to elucidate the molecular features that improve the effectiveness of cellulose polymers as solution crystallization inhibitors, a crucial first step toward their rational design. Polymers with chemically diverse substituents including carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, alcohols, amides, amines, and sulfides were synthesized. Measurements of nucleation induction times of the model drug, telaprevir, show that the only effective polymers contained carboxylate groups in combination with an optimal hydrocarbon chain length. Computational results indicate that polymer conformation as well as solvation free energy are important determinants of effectiveness at inhibiting crystallization and show that simulations are a promising predictive tool in the screening of polymers. This study suggests that polymers need to have an adequate hydrophilicity to promote solvation in an aqueous environment, and sufficient hydrophobic regions to drive interactions with the drug. Particularly, the right balance between key substituent groups and lengths of hydrocarbon side chains is needed to create effective materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Mosquera-Giraldo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Carlos H Borca
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Xiangtao Meng
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Lyudmila V Slipchenko
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
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47
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Borbás E, Sinkó B, Tsinman O, Tsinman K, Kiserdei É, Démuth B, Balogh A, Bodák B, Domokos A, Dargó G, Balogh GT, Nagy ZK. Investigation and Mathematical Description of the Real Driving Force of Passive Transport of Drug Molecules from Supersaturated Solutions. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3816-3826. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Borbás
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Oksana Tsinman
- Pion Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Éva Kiserdei
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Balázs Démuth
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Attila Balogh
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Bodák
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - András Domokos
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Gergő Dargó
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
- Compound
Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest 1103, Hungary
| | - György T. Balogh
- Compound
Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest 1103, Hungary
| | - Zsombor K. Nagy
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
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48
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Wang B, Wang D, Zhao S, Huang X, Zhang J, Lv Y, Liu X, Lv G, Ma X. Evaluate the ability of PVP to inhibit crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions by density functional theory and experimental verify. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:45-52. [PMID: 27568852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used density functional theory (DFT) to predict polymer-drug interactions, and then evaluated the ability of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to inhibit crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions by experimental-verification. Solid dispersions of PVP/resveratrol (Res) and PVP/griseofulvin (Gri) were adopted for evaluating the ability of PVP to inhibit crystallization. The density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP was used to calculate polymer-drug and drug-drug interactions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to confirm hydrogen bonding interactions. Polymer-drug miscibility and drug crystallinity were characterized by the modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The release profiles were studied to investigate the dissolution advantage. DFT results indicated that EPVP-Res>ERes-Res (E: represents hydrogen bonding energy). A strong interaction was formed between PVP and Res. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed hydrogen bonding formed between PVP and Res, but not between PVP and Gri. MDSC and XRD results suggested that 70-90wt% PVP/Res and PVP/Gri solid dispersions formed amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Under the accelerated testing condition, PVP/Res dispersions with higher miscibility quantified as 90/10wt% were more stable than PVP/Gri dispersions. The cumulative dissolution rate of 90wt% PVP/Res dispersions still kept high after 90days storage due to the strong interaction. However, the cumulative dissolution rate of PVP/Gri solid dispersions significantly dropped because of the recrystallization of Gri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocen Liu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojun Lv
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Guo M, Wang K, Hamill N, Lorimer K, Li M. Investigating the Influence of Polymers on Supersaturated Flufenamic Acid Cocrystal Solutions. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3292-307. [PMID: 27494289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of enabling formulations is a key stage when demonstrating the effectiveness of pharmaceutical cocrystals to maximize the oral bioavailability for poorly water soluble drugs. Inhibition of drug crystallization from a supersaturated cocrystal solution through a fundamental understanding of the nucleation and crystal growth is important. In this study, the influence of the three polymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and a copolymer of N-vinly-2-pyrrodidone (60%) and vinyl acetate (40%) (PVP-VA) on the flufenamic acid (FFA) crystallization from three different supersaturated solutions of the pure FFA and two cocrystals of FFA-NIC CO and FFA-TP CO has been investigated by measuring nucleation induction times and desupersaturation rates in the presence and absence of seed crystals. It was found that the competition of intermolecular hydrogen bonding among drug/coformer, drug/polymer, and coformer/polymer was a key factor responsible for maintaining supersaturation through nucleation inhibition and crystal growth modification in a cocrystal solution. The supersaturated cocrystal solutions with predissolved PEG demonstrated more effective stabilization in comparison to the pure FFA in the presence of the same polymer. In contrast, neither of the two cocrystal solutions, in the presence of PVP or PVP-VA, exhibited a better performance than the pure FFA with the same predissolved polymer. The study suggests that the selection of a polymeric excipient in a cocrystal formulation should not be solely dependent on the interplay of the parent drug and polymer without considering the coformer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K
| | - Noel Hamill
- Almac Science, Seagoe Industrial Estate , Craigavon BT63 5QD, U.K
| | - Keith Lorimer
- Almac Science, Seagoe Industrial Estate , Craigavon BT63 5QD, U.K
| | - Mingzhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K
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50
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McLaughlin CK, Duan D, Ganesh AN, Torosyan H, Shoichet BK, Shoichet MS. Stable Colloidal Drug Aggregates Catch and Release Active Enzymes. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:992-1000. [PMID: 26741163 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule aggregates are considered nuisance compounds in drug discovery, but their unusual properties as colloids could be exploited to form stable vehicles to preserve protein activity. We investigated the coaggregation of seven molecules chosen because they had been previously intensely studied as colloidal aggregators, coformulating them with bis-azo dyes. The coformulation reduced colloid sizes to <100 nm and improved uniformity of the particle size distribution. The new colloid formulations are more stable than previous aggregator particles. Specifically, coaggregation of Congo Red with sorafenib, tetraiodophenolphthalein (TIPT), or vemurafenib produced particles that are stable in solutions of high ionic strength and high protein concentrations. Like traditional, single compound colloidal aggregates, the stabilized colloids adsorbed and inhibited enzymes like β-lactamase, malate dehydrogenase, and trypsin. Unlike traditional aggregates, the coformulated colloid-protein particles could be centrifuged and resuspended multiple times, and from resuspended particles, active trypsin could be released up to 72 h after adsorption. Unexpectedly, the stable colloidal formulations can sequester, stabilize, and isolate enzymes by spin-down, resuspension, and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K. McLaughlin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Da Duan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Ahil N. Ganesh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Hayarpi Torosyan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Molly S. Shoichet
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
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