1
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Tang C, Lu W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Cui C, Liu P, Han L, Qian X, Chen L, Xu F, Mai Y. Toward Ultrahigh Rate and Cycling Performance of Cathode Materials of Sodium Ion Battery by Introducing a Bicontinuous Porous Structure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402005. [PMID: 38598862 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The emerging sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are one of the most promising candidates expected to complement lithium-ion batteries and diversify the battery market. However, the exploitation of cathode materials with high-rate performance and long-cycle stability for SIBs has remained one of the major challenges. To this end, an efficient approach to enhance rate and cycling performance by introducing an ordered bicontinuous porous structure into cathode materials of SIBs is demonstrated. Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are selected because they are recognized as a type of most promising SIB cathode materials. Thanks to the presence of 3D continuous channels enabling fast Na+ ions diffusion as well as the intrinsic mechanical stability of bicontinuous architecture, the resultant PBAs exhibit excellent rate capability (80 mAh g-1 at 2.5 A g-1) and ultralong cycling life (>3000 circulations at 0.5 A g-1), reaching the top performance of the reported PBA-based cathode materials. This study opens a new avenue for boosting sluggish ion diffusion kinetics in electrodes of rechargeable batteries and also provides a new paradigm for solving the dilemma that electrodes' failure due to high-stress concentration upon ion storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Congcong Cui
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lu Han
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoshi Qian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fugui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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2
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Lee G, Lee J, Lee S, Rudykh S, Cho H. Extreme resilience and dissipation in heterogeneous elasto-plastomeric crystals. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:315-329. [PMID: 38073498 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01076g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
We present a microstructure-topology-based approach for designing macroscopic, heterogeneous soft materials that exhibit outstanding mechanical resilience and energy dissipation. We investigate a variety of geometric configurations of resilient yet dissipative heterogeneous elasto-plastomeric materials that possess long-range order whose microstructural features are inspired by crystalline metals and block copolymers. We combine experiments and numerical simulations on 3D-printed prototypes to study the extreme mechanics of these heterogeneous soft materials under cyclic deformation conditions up to an extreme strain of >200% with strain rates ranging from quasi-static (5.0 × 10-3 s-1) to high levels of >6.0 × 101 s-1. Moreover, we investigate the complexity of elastic and inelastic "unloading" mechanisms crucial for the understanding of shape recovery and energy dissipation in extreme loading situations. Furthermore, we propose a simple but physically intuitive approach for designing microstructures that exhibit a nearly isotropic behavior in both elasticity and inelasticity across different crystallographic orientations from small to large strains. Overall, our study sets a significant step toward the development of sustainable, heterogeneous soft material architectures at macroscopic scales that can withstand harsh mechanical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisoo Lee
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaehee Lee
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seunghyeon Lee
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Stephan Rudykh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Hansohl Cho
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Zou W, Wang Z, Qian Z, Xu J, Zhao N. Digital Light Processing 3D-Printed Silica Aerogel and as a Versatile Host Framework for High-Performance Functional Nanocomposites. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204906. [PMID: 36285703 PMCID: PMC9798997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vat-photopolymerization-based 3D printing enables on-demand construction of customized objects with scalable production capacity and high precision. Herein, the sol-gel process for aerogels with digital light processing 3D printing to produce advanced functional materials possessing hierarchical pore structures and complex shapes is combined. It has revealed the temporal evolution of the photorheological behavior of acrylate-modified silica sols in an acid-base catalytic procedure, and confirmed that silica aerogels can be fabricated with very low acrylate content. The resulting aerogels are thermostable with intrinsic silica contents, skeletal densities, and physical characteristics similar to those of commercial silica aerogels yet distinct mechanical behaviors. More importantly, the printed silica aerogels can be used as a versatile nanoengineering platform to produce high-performance and multifunctional interpenetrating phase nanocomposites with complex shapes through programmable post-printing processes. Epoxy-based nanocomposites possessing excellent mechanical performance, ionogel-based conductive nanocomposites with decoupled electrical and mechanical properties, and anti-swelling hydrogel-based nanocomposites are demonstrated. The results of this study offer new guidelines for the design and fabrication of novel materials by additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesZhongguancun North First Street 2Beijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesZhongguancun North First Street 2Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhenchao Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesZhongguancun North First Street 2Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesZhongguancun North First Street 2Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesZhongguancun North First Street 2Beijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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4
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Sadek H, K Siddique S, Wang CW, Lee CC, Chang SY, Ho RM. Bioinspired Nanonetwork Hydroxyapatite from Block Copolymer Templated Synthesis for Mechanical Metamaterials. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18298-18306. [PMID: 36264050 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by Mantis shrimp, this work aims to suggest a bottom-up approach for the fabrication of nanonetwork hydroxyapatite (HAp) thin film using self-assembled polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) block copolymer (BCP) with a diamond nanostructure as a template for templated sol-gel reaction. By introducing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) into precursors of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and triethyl phosphite, which limits the growth of forming HAp nanoparticles, well-ordered nanonetwork HAp thin film can be fabricated. Based on nanoindentation results, the well-ordered nanonetwork HAp shows high energy dissipation compared to the intrinsic HAp. Moreover, the uniaxial microcompression test for the nanonetwork HAp shows high energy absorption per volume and high compression strength, outperforming many cellular materials due to the topologic effect of the well-ordered network at the nanoscale. This work highlights the potential of exploiting BCP templated synthesis to fabricate ionic solid materials with a well-ordered nanonetwork monolith, giving rise to the brittle-to-ductile transition, and thus appealing mechanical properties with the character of mechanical metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Suhail K Siddique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Wang
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chun Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yi Chang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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5
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Hassanpour M, Hassanpour M, Faghihi S, Khezripour S, Rezaie M, Dehghanipour P, Faruque MRI, Khandaker MU. Introduction of Graphene/h-BN Metamaterial as Neutron Radiation Shielding by Implementing Monte Carlo Simulation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6667. [PMID: 36234009 PMCID: PMC9573589 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, graphene/h-BN metamaterial was investigated as a new neutron radiation shielding (NRS) material by Monte Carlo N-Particle X version (MCNPX) Transport Code. The graphene/h-BN metamaterial are capable of both thermal and fast neutron moderator and neutron absorber process. The constituent phases in graphene/h-BN metamaterial are chosen to be hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene. The introduced target was irradiated by an Am-Be neutron source with an energy spectrum of 100 keV to 15 MeV in a Monte Carlo simulation input file. The resulting current transmission rate (CTR) was investigated by the MCNPX code. Due to concrete's widespread use as a radiation shielding material, the results of this design were also compared with concrete targets. The results show a significant increase in NRS compared to concrete. Therefore, metamaterial with constituent phase's graphene/h-BN can be a suitable alternative to concrete for NRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Simin Faghihi
- Department of Engineering, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arghavanieh, Isfahan 8155139998, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Khezripour
- Department of Molecular and Atomic Physics, Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rezaie
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghanipour
- Department of Physics, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran 1599959515, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, DIU Road, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
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6
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Gangineri Padmanaban A, Bacha TW, Muthulingam J, Haas FM, Stanzione JF, Koohbor B, Lee JH. Molecular-Weight-Dependent Interplay of Brittle-to-Ductile Transition in High-Strain-Rate Cold Spray Deposition of Glassy Polymers. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26465-26472. [PMID: 35936467 PMCID: PMC9352157 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the cold spray technique, the solvent-free and solid-state deposition of glassy polymers is envisioned. Adiabatic inelastic deformation mechanisms in the cold spray technique are studied through high-velocity collisions (<1000 m/s) of polystyrene microparticles against stationary target substrates of polystyrene and silicon. During extreme collisions, a brittle-to-ductile transition occurs, leading to either fracture- or shear-dominant inelastic deformation of the colliding microparticles. Due to the nonlinear interplay between the adiabatic shearing and the thermal softening of polystyrene, the plastic shear flow becomes the dominant deformation channel over brittle fragmentation when increasing the rigidity of the target substrate. High molecular weights (>20 kDa) are essential to hinder the evolution of brittle fracture and promote shear-induced heating beyond the glass transition temperature of polystyrene. However, an excessively high molecular weight (∼100 kDa) reduces the adhesion of the microparticles to the substrate due to insufficient wetting of the softened polystyrene. Due to the two competing viscoelastic effects, proper selection of molecular weight becomes critical for the cold spray technique of glassy polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraag Gangineri Padmanaban
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Tristan W. Bacha
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Jeeva Muthulingam
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Francis M. Haas
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Joseph F. Stanzione
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Behrad Koohbor
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Jae-Hwang Lee
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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7
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Yang KC, Puneet P, Chiu PT, Ho RM. Well-Ordered Nanonetwork Metamaterials from Block Copolymer Templated Syntheses. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2033-2042. [PMID: 35849801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusThrough the morphological evolution to give highly optimized complex architectures at different length scales, fine-tuned textures for specific functions in living organisms can be achieved in nature such as a bone core with very complicated porous architecture to attain a significant structural efficiency attributed to delicately structured ligaments and density gradients. As inspired by nature, materials with periodic network structures (i.e., well-defined porous textures) in the nanoscale are appealing and promising for innovative properties. Biomimicking from nature, organic and/or inorganic nanonetworks can be synthetically fabricated, giving broadness and effectiveness when tuning the desired properties. Metamaterials are materials whose effective properties do not result from the bulk behavior of the constituent materials but rather mainly from their deliberate structuring. The performances of fabricating metamaterials will depend on the control of size, shape, order, and orientation of the forming textures. One of the appealing textures for the deliberate structuring is network architecture. Network materials possess self-supporting frameworks, open-cell character, high porosity, and large specific surface area, giving specific functions and complexity for diverse applications. As demonstrated by recent studies, exceptional mechanical performances such as negative thermal expansion, negative Poisson's ratio, and twisting under uniaxial forces can be achieved by the effect of the deliberate structuring with nanonetwork textures. In contrast to a top-down approach, a bottom-up approach is cost-effective, and also it can overcome the size limitation to reach nanoscale fabrication. It can be foreseen that network metamaterials with a feature size of tens of nanometers (referred as nanonetwork metamaterials) may provide new comprehension of the structure and property relationships for various materials. The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is one of the most used methods to build up well-ordered nanostructured phases from a bottom-up approach with precise control of size, shape, and orientation in the thin films for realistic applications. In this account, we summarize recent advancements in the fabrication of nanohybrids and nanoporous materials with well-ordered nanonetwork textures even with controlled helicity by combining block copolymer self-assembly and templated syntheses for mechanical and optical applications with superior properties beyond nature as metamaterials as well as chiral metamaterials with new properties for chiroptic applications such as chiral plasmonics, beam splitter, and negative refraction. The description of the fundamental facets of a nonconventional structure-property relationship with the characters of metamaterials and the state-of-the-art methodologies to fabricate nanonetworks using block copolymer self-assembly will stimulate research activities for the development of nanonetwork metamaterials with exceptional individual and multifunctional properties for futuristic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chieh Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C
| | - Puhup Puneet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C
| | - Po-Ting Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C
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8
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Zhang M, Zhao N, Yu Q, Liu Z, Qu R, Zhang J, Li S, Ren D, Berto F, Zhang Z, Ritchie RO. On the damage tolerance of 3-D printed Mg-Ti interpenetrating-phase composites with bioinspired architectures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3247. [PMID: 35668100 PMCID: PMC9170714 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired architectures are effective in enhancing the mechanical properties of materials, yet are difficult to construct in metallic systems. The structure-property relationships of bioinspired metallic composites also remain unclear. Here, Mg-Ti composites were fabricated by pressureless infiltrating pure Mg melt into three-dimensional (3-D) printed Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds. The result was composite materials where the constituents are continuous, mutually interpenetrated in 3-D space and exhibit specific spatial arrangements with bioinspired brick-and-mortar, Bouligand, and crossed-lamellar architectures. These architectures promote effective stress transfer, delocalize damage and arrest cracking, thereby bestowing improved strength and ductility than composites with discrete reinforcements. Additionally, they activate a series of extrinsic toughening mechanisms, including crack deflection/twist and uncracked-ligament bridging, which enable crack-tip shielding from the applied stress and lead to “Γ”-shaped rising fracture resistance R-curves. Quantitative relationships were established for the stiffness and strengths of the composites by adapting classical laminate theory to incorporate their architectural characteristics. Bioinspired architectures are desired to achieve improved mechanical properties, but challenging to achieve in metallic systems. Here the authors fabricate a Mg-Ti interpenetrating phase composite with brick-and-mortar, Bouligand, and crossed-lamellar architectures by pressureless infiltrating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhang
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zengqian Liu
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
| | - Ruitao Qu
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Dechun Ren
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, Trondheim, 7034, Norway
| | - Zhefeng Zhang
- Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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9
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Li S, Librandi G, Yao Y, Richard AJ, Schneider-Yamamura A, Aizenberg J, Bertoldi K. Controlling Liquid Crystal Orientations for Programmable Anisotropic Transformations in Cellular Microstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105024. [PMID: 34473379 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Geometric reconfigurations in cellular structures have recently been exploited to realize adaptive materials with applications in mechanics, optics, and electronics. However, the achievable symmetry breakings and corresponding types of deformation and related functionalities have remained rather limited, mostly due to the fact that the macroscopic geometry of the structures is generally co-aligned with the molecular anisotropy of the constituent material. To address this limitation, cellular microstructures are fabricated out of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with an arbitrary, user-defined liquid crystal (LC) mesogen orientation encrypted by a weak magnetic field. This platform enables anisotropy to be programmed independently at the molecular and structural levels and the realization of unprecedented director-determined symmetry breakings in cellular materials, which are demonstrated by both finite element analyses and experiments. It is illustrated that the resulting mechanical reconfigurations can be harnessed to program microcellular materials with switchable and direction-dependent frictional properties and further exploit "area-specific" deformation patterns to locally modulate transmitted light and precisely guide object movement. As such, the work provides a clear route to decouple anisotropy at the materials level from the directionality of the macroscopic cellular structure, which may lead to a new generation of smart and adaptive materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Gabriele Librandi
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yuxing Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Austin J Richard
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Alyssha Schneider-Yamamura
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Katia Bertoldi
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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10
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Sajadi SM, Vásárhelyi L, Mousavi R, Rahmati AH, Kónya Z, Kukovecz Á, Arif T, Filleter T, Vajtai R, Boul P, Pang Z, Li T, Tiwary CS, Rahman MM, Ajayan PM. Damage-tolerant 3D-printed ceramics via conformal coating. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/28/eabc5028. [PMID: 34233870 PMCID: PMC8262818 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Ceramic materials, despite their high strength and modulus, are limited in many structural applications due to inherent brittleness and low toughness. Nevertheless, ceramic-based structures, in nature, overcome this limitation using bottom-up complex hierarchical assembly of hard ceramic and soft polymer, where ceramics are packaged with tiny fraction of polymers in an internalized fashion. Here, we propose a far simpler approach of entirely externalizing the soft phase via conformal polymer coating over architected ceramic structures, leading to damage tolerance. Architected structures are printed using silica-filled preceramic polymer, pyrolyzed to stabilize the ceramic scaffolds, and then dip-coated conformally with a thin, flexible epoxy polymer. The polymer-coated architected structures show multifold improvement in compressive strength and toughness while resisting catastrophic failure through a considerable delay of the damage propagation. This surface modification approach allows a simple strategy to build complex ceramic parts that are far more damage-tolerant than their traditional counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lívia Vásárhelyi
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Amir Hossein Rahmati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,MTA-SZTE Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Kukovecz
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Taib Arif
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.,Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zhenqian Pang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - Muhammad M Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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11
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Okumura T, Takahashi R, Hagita K, King DR, Gong JP. Improving the strength and toughness of macroscale double networks by exploiting Poisson's ratio mismatch. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13280. [PMID: 34168253 PMCID: PMC8225664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92773-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a new concept that utilizes the difference in Poisson's ratio between component materials as a strengthening mechanism that increases the effectiveness of the sacrificial bond toughening mechanism in macroscale double-network (Macro-DN) materials. These Macro-DN composites consist of a macroscopic skeleton imbedded within a soft elastic matrix. We varied the Poisson's ratio of the reinforcing skeleton by introducing auxetic or honeycomb functional structures that results in Poisson's ratio mismatch between the skeleton and matrix. During uniaxial tensile experiments, high strength and toughness were achieved due to two events: (1) multiple internal bond fractures of the skeleton (like sacrificial bonds in classic DN gels) and (2) significant, biaxial deformation of the matrix imposed by the functional skeleton. The Macro-DN composite with auxetic skeleton exhibits up to 4.2 times higher stiffness and 4.4 times higher yield force than the sum of the component materials. The significant improvement in mechanical performance is correlated to the large mismatch in Poisson's ratio between component materials, and the enhancement is especially noticeable in the low-stretch regime. The strengthening mechanism reported here based on Poisson's ratio mismatch can be widely used for soft materials regardless of chemical composition and will improve the mechanical properties of elastomer and hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Okumura
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Riku Takahashi
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.,NTT Basic Research Laboratories and Bio-Medical Informatics Research Center, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan
| | - Katsumi Hagita
- Department of Applied Physics, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, 239-8686, Japan
| | - Daniel R King
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. .,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.
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12
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Siddique SK, Lin TC, Chang CY, Chang YH, Lee CC, Chang SY, Tsai PC, Jeng YR, Thomas EL, Ho RM. Nanonetwork Thermosets from Templated Polymerization for Enhanced Energy Dissipation. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3355-3363. [PMID: 33856816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we aim to develop a facile method for the fabrication of mechanical metamaterials from templated polymerization of thermosets including phenolic and epoxy resins using self-assembled block copolymer, polystyrene-polydimethylsiloxane with tripod network (gyroid), and tetrapod network (diamond) structures, as templates. Nanoindentation studies on the nanonetwork thermosets fabricated reveal enhanced energy dissipation from intrinsic brittle thermosets due to the deliberate structuring; the calculated energy dissipation for gyroid phenolic resins is 0.23 nJ whereas the one with diamond structure gives a value of 0.33 nJ. Consistently, the gyroid-structured epoxy gives a high energy dissipation value of 0.57 nJ, and the one with diamond structure could reach 0.78 nJ. These enhanced properties are attributed to the isotropic periodicity of the nanonetwork texture with plastic deformation, and the higher number of struts in the tetrapod diamond network in contrast to tripod gyroid, as confirmed by the finite element analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail K Siddique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Chung Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chun Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yi Chang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chi Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yeau-Ren Jeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Edwin L Thomas
- Department of Material Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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13
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Mesoscale networks and corresponding transitions from self-assembly of block copolymers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2022275118. [PMID: 33688050 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022275118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of cubic network phases was obtained from the self-assembly of a single-composition lamellae (L)-forming block copolymer (BCP) polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) through solution casting using a PS-selective solvent. An unusual network phase in diblock copolymers, double-primitive phase (DP) with space group of [Formula: see text], can be observed. With the reduction of solvent evaporation rate for solution casting, a double-diamond phase (DD) with space group of [Formula: see text] can be formed. By taking advantage of thermal annealing, order-order transitions from the DP and DD phases to a double-gyroid phase (DG) with space group of [Formula: see text] can be identified. The order-order transitions from DP (hexapod network) to DD (tetrapod network), and finally to DG (trigonal planar network) are attributed to the reduction of the degree of packing frustration within the junction (node), different from the predicted Bonnet transformation from DD to DG, and finally to DP based on enthalpic consideration only. This discovery suggests a new methodology to acquire various network phases from a simple diblock system by kinetically controlling self-assembling process.
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14
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Huang W, Shishehbor M, Guarín-Zapata N, Kirchhofer ND, Li J, Cruz L, Wang T, Bhowmick S, Stauffer D, Manimunda P, Bozhilov KN, Caldwell R, Zavattieri P, Kisailus D. A natural impact-resistant bicontinuous composite nanoparticle coating. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:1236-1243. [PMID: 32807923 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nature utilizes the available resources to construct lightweight, strong and tough materials under constrained environmental conditions. The impact surface of the fast-striking dactyl club from the mantis shrimp is an example of one such composite material; the shrimp has evolved the capability to localize damage and avoid catastrophic failure from high-speed collisions during its feeding activities. Here we report that the dactyl club of mantis shrimps contains an impact-resistant coating composed of densely packed (about 88 per cent by volume) ~65-nm bicontinuous nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite integrated within an organic matrix. These mesocrystalline hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are assembled from small, highly aligned nanocrystals. Under impacts of high strain rates (around 104 s-1), particles rotate and translate, whereas the nanocrystalline networks fracture at low-angle grain boundaries, form dislocations and undergo amorphization. The interpenetrating organic network provides additional toughening, as well as substantial damping, with a loss coefficient of around 0.02. An unusual combination of stiffness and damping is therefore achieved, outperforming many engineered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mehdi Shishehbor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Jason Li
- Oxford Instruments Asylum Research, Goleta, CA, USA
| | - Luz Cruz
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Taifeng Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Krassimir N Bozhilov
- Central Facility for Advanced Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Roy Caldwell
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Zavattieri
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - David Kisailus
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
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15
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Bowen JJ, Rueschhoff LM, Martin KL, Street DP, Patel TA, Parvulescu MJS, Bedford NM, Koerner H, Seifert S, Dickerson MB. Tailorable Micelle Morphology in Self-Assembling Block Copolymer Gels for Templating Nanoporous Ceramics. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J. Bowen
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Lisa M. Rueschhoff
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Kara L. Martin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Dayton P. Street
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- NRC Research Associateship Programs, The National Academies, Washington, DC 20001, United States
| | - Tulsi A. Patel
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- NRC Research Associateship Programs, The National Academies, Washington, DC 20001, United States
| | - Maria J. S. Parvulescu
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Hilmar Koerner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew B. Dickerson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
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16
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Shape-Adaptive Metastructures with Variable Bandgap Regions by 4D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030519. [PMID: 32121481 PMCID: PMC7182912 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This article shows how four-dimensional (4D) printing technology can engineer adaptive metastructures that exploit resonating self-bending elements to filter vibrational and acoustic noises and change filtering ranges. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is implemented to fabricate temperature-responsive shape-memory polymer (SMP) elements with self-bending features. Experiments are conducted to reveal how the speed of the 4D printer head can affect functionally graded prestrain regime, shape recovery and self-bending characteristics of the active elements. A 3D constitutive model, along with an in-house finite element (FE) method, is developed to replicate the shape recovery and self-bending of SMP beams 4D-printed at different speeds. Furthermore, a simple approach of prestrain modeling is introduced into the commercial FE software package to simulate material tailoring and self-bending mechanism. The accuracy of the straightforward FE approach is validated against experimental observations and computational results from the in-house FE MATLAB-based code. Two periodic architected temperature-sensitive metastructures with adaptive dynamical characteristics are proposed to use bandgap engineering to forbid specific frequencies from propagating through the material. The developed computational tool is finally implemented to numerically examine how bandgap size and frequency range can be controlled and broadened. It is found out that the size and frequency range of the bandgaps are linked to changes in the geometry of self-bending elements printed at different speeds. This research is likely to advance the state-of-the-art 4D printing and unlock potentials in the design of functional metastructures for a broad range of applications in acoustic and structural engineering, including sound wave filters and waveguides.
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17
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Zhou J, Heng Z, Wu H, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhou S, Zou H, Liang M. Preparation of Damping Structural Integrated Epoxy Resin via “Rigid-Structure Dilution” and the Study on Dangling Chains Involved Segment Interactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhou
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengguang Heng
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Wu
- Beijing Special Vehicle Institute, 100072 Beijing, China
| | - Haoruo Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Shengtai Zhou
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Liang
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
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18
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Cooper CB, Joshipura ID, Parekh DP, Norkett J, Mailen R, Miller VM, Genzer J, Dickey MD. Toughening stretchable fibers via serial fracturing of a metallic core. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaat4600. [PMID: 30801003 PMCID: PMC6386561 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat4600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Tough, biological materials (e.g., collagen or titin) protect tissues from irreversible damage caused by external loads. Mimicking these protective properties is important in packaging and in emerging applications such as durable electronic skins and soft robotics. This paper reports the formation of tough, metamaterial-like core-shell fibers that maintain stress at the fracture strength of a metal throughout the strain of an elastomer. The shell experiences localized strain enhancements that cause the higher modulus core to fracture repeatedly, increasing the energy dissipated during extension. Normally, fractures are catastrophic. However, in this architecture, the fractures are localized to the core. In addition to dissipating energy, the metallic core provides electrical conductivity and enables repair of the fractured core for repeated use. The fibers are 2.5 times tougher than titin and hold more than 15,000 times their own weight for a period 100 times longer than a hollow elastomeric fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Cooper
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Ishan D. Joshipura
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Dishit P. Parekh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Justin Norkett
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Russell Mailen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Victoria M. Miller
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Michael D. Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
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19
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High strength metallic wood from nanostructured nickel inverse opal materials. Sci Rep 2019; 9:719. [PMID: 30679615 PMCID: PMC6345818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a nickel-based cellular material, which has the strength of titanium and the density of water. The material’s strength arises from size-dependent strengthening of load-bearing nickel struts whose diameter is as small as 17 nm and whose 8 GPa yield strength exceeds that of bulk nickel by up to 4X. The mechanical properties of this material can be controlled by varying the nanometer-scale geometry, with strength varying over the range 90–880 MPa, modulus varying over the range 14–116 GPa, and density varying over the range 880–14500 kg/m3. We refer to this material as a “metallic wood,” because it has the high mechanical strength and chemical stability of metal, as well as a density close to that of natural materials such as wood.
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20
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Branch B, Ionita A, Patterson BM, Schmalzer A, Clements B, Mueller A, Dattelbaum DM. A comparison of shockwave dynamics in stochastic and periodic porous polymer architectures. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Ahn C, Kim SM, Jung JW, Park J, Kim T, Lee SE, Jang D, Hong JW, Han SM, Jeon S. Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced by 3D Continuous Ceramic Nanofillers. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9126-9133. [PMID: 30152992 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites with inclusion of ceramic nanofillers have relatively high yield strength, elastic moduli, and toughness that therefore are widely used as functional coating and films for optoelectronic applications. Although the mechanical properties are enhanced with increasing the fraction of nanofiller inclusion, there generally is an upper limit on the amount of nanofiller inclusion because the aggregation of the fillers in the polymer matrix, which typically occurs, degrades the mechanical and/or optical performances above 5 vol % of inclusions. Here, we demonstrate an unconventional polymer nanocomposite composed of a uniformly distributed three-dimensional (3D) continuous ceramic nanofillers, which allows for extremely high loading (∼19 vol %) in the polymer matrix without any concern of aggregation and loss in transparency. The fabrication strategy involves conformal deposition of Al2O3 nanolayer with a precise control in thickness that ranges from 12 to 84 nm on a 3D nanostructured porous polymer matrix followed by filling the pores with the same type of polymer. The 3D continuous Al2O3 nanolayers embedded in the matrix with extremely high filler rate of 19.17 vol % improve compressive strength by 142% compared to the pure epoxy without Al2O3 filler, and this value is in agreement with theoretically predicted strength through the rule of mixture. These 3D nanocomposites show superb transparency in the visible (>85% at 600 nm) and near-IR (>90% at 1 μm) regions and improved heat dissipation beyond that of conventional Al2O3 dispersed nanocomposites with similar filler loading of 15.11 vol % due to the existence of a continuous thermal conduction path through the oxide network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changui Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Environment Water Sustainability (EEWS) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Jung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Junyong Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Gyeongbuk 39177 , Republic of Korea
| | - Taegeon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Environment Water Sustainability (EEWS) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eon Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchan Jang
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wuk Hong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Han
- Graduate School of Energy Environment Water Sustainability (EEWS) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
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22
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Janbaz S, Noordzij N, Widyaratih DS, Hagen CW, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Zadpoor AA. Origami lattices with free-form surface ornaments. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:eaao1595. [PMID: 29209661 PMCID: PMC5710187 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lattice structures are used in the design of metamaterials to achieve unusual physical, mechanical, or biological properties. The properties of such metamaterials result from the topology of the lattice structures, which are usually three-dimensionally (3D) printed. To incorporate advanced functionalities into metamaterials, the surface of the lattice structures may need to be ornamented with functionality-inducing features, such as nanopatterns or electronic devices. Given our limited access to the internal surfaces of lattice structures, free-form ornamentation is currently impossible. We present lattice structures that are folded from initially flat states and show that they could bear arbitrarily complex surface ornaments at different scales. We identify three categories of space-filling polyhedra as the basic unit cells of the cellular structures and, for each of those, propose a folding pattern. We also demonstrate "sequential self-folding" of flat constructs to 3D lattices. Furthermore, we folded auxetic mechanical metamaterials from flat sheets and measured the deformation-driven change in their negative Poisson's ratio. Finally, we show how free-form 3D ornaments could be applied on the surface of flat sheets with nanometer resolution. Together, these folding patterns and experimental techniques present a unique platform for the fabrication of metamaterials with unprecedented combination of physical properties and surface-driven functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Janbaz
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Niels Noordzij
- Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628CJ, Netherlands
| | - Dwisetya S. Widyaratih
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Cornelis W. Hagen
- Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628CJ, Netherlands
| | - Lidy E. Fratila-Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Amir A. Zadpoor
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, Netherlands
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23
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Bauer J, Meza LR, Schaedler TA, Schwaiger R, Zheng X, Valdevit L. Nanolattices: An Emerging Class of Mechanical Metamaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28873250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In 1903, Alexander Graham Bell developed a design principle to generate lightweight, mechanically robust lattice structures based on triangular cells; this has since found broad application in lightweight design. Over one hundred years later, the same principle is being used in the fabrication of nanolattice materials, namely lattice structures composed of nanoscale constituents. Taking advantage of the size-dependent properties typical of nanoparticles, nanowires, and thin films, nanolattices redefine the limits of the accessible material-property space throughout different disciplines. Herein, the exceptional mechanical performance of nanolattices, including their ultrahigh strength, damage tolerance, and stiffness, are reviewed, and their potential for multifunctional applications beyond mechanics is examined. The efficient integration of architecture and size-affected properties is key to further develop nanolattices. The introduction of a hierarchical architecture is an effective tool in enhancing mechanical properties, and the eventual goal of nanolattice design may be to replicate the intricate hierarchies and functionalities observed in biological materials. Additive manufacturing and self-assembly techniques enable lattice design at the nanoscale; the scaling-up of nanolattice fabrication is currently the major challenge to their widespread use in technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bauer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Lucas R Meza
- Engineering Department, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
| | | | - Ruth Schwaiger
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Lorenzo Valdevit
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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Bagal A, Zhang XA, Shahrin R, Dandley EC, Zhao J, Poblete FR, Oldham CJ, Zhu Y, Parsons GN, Bobko C, Chang CH. Large-Area Nanolattice Film with Enhanced Modulus, Hardness, and Energy Dissipation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9145. [PMID: 28831168 PMCID: PMC5567370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an engineered nanolattice material with enhanced mechanical properties that can be broadly applied as a thin film over large areas. The nanolattice films consist of ordered, three-dimensional architecture with thin-shell tubular elements, resulting in favorable modulus-density scaling (n ~ 1.1), enhanced energy dissipation, and extremely large material recoverability for strains up to 20% under normal compressive loading. At 95.6% porosity, the nanolattice film has demonstrated modulus of 1.19 GPa and specific energy dissipation of 325.5 kJ/kg, surpassing previously reported values at similar densities. The largest length scale in the reported nanolattice is the 500 nm unit-cell lattice constant, allowing the film to behave more like a continuum material and be visually unobservable. Fabricated using three-dimensional colloidal nanolithography and atomic layer deposition, the process can be scaled for large-area patterning. The proposed nanolattice film can find applications as a robust multifunctional insulating film that can be applied in integrated photonic elements, optoelectronic devices, and microcircuit chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Bagal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Xu A Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Rahnuma Shahrin
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Erinn C Dandley
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Felipe R Poblete
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Christopher J Oldham
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Gregory N Parsons
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States
| | - Christopher Bobko
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States.
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25
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Li T, Hu X, Chen Y, Wang L. Harnessing out-of-plane deformation to design 3D architected lattice metamaterials with tunable Poisson's ratio. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8949. [PMID: 28827585 PMCID: PMC5566377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxetic materials exhibiting a negative Poisson's ratio are of great research interest due to their unusual mechanical responses and a wide range of potential deployment. Efforts have been devoted to exploring novel 2D and 3D auxetic structures through rational design, optimization, and taking inspiration from nature. Here we report a 3D architected lattice system showing a negative Poisson's ratio over a wide range of applied uniaxial stretch. 3D printing, experimental tests, numerical simulation, and analytical modeling are implemented to quantify the evolution of the Poisson's ratio and reveal the underlying mechanisms responsible for this unusual behavior. We further show that the auxetic behavior can be controlled by tailoring the geometric features of the ligaments. The findings reported here provide a new routine to design architected metamaterial systems exhibiting unusual properties and having a wide range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Yanyu Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA.
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26
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Pattern Switching in Soft Cellular Structures and Hydrogel-Elastomer Composite Materials under Compression. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9060229. [PMID: 30970907 PMCID: PMC6432229 DOI: 10.3390/polym9060229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that elastic instabilities induce pattern transformations when a soft cellular structure is compressed beyond critical limits. The nonlinear phenomena of pattern transformations make them a prime candidate for controlling macroscopic or microscopic deformation and auxetic properties of the material. In this present work, the novel mechanical properties of soft cellular structures and related hydrogel–elastomer composites are examined through experimental investigation and numerical simulations. We provide two reliable approaches for fabricating hydrogel–elastomer composites with rationally designed properties and transformed patterns, and demonstrate that different geometries of the repeat unit voids of the periodic pattern can be used to influence the global characteristics of the soft composite material. The experimental and numerical results indicate that the transformation event is dependent on the boundary conditions and material properties of matrix material for soft cellular structures; meanwhile, the deformation-triggered pattern of matrix material affects the pattern switching and mechanical properties of the hydrogel–elastomer material, thus providing future perspectives for optimal design, or serving as a fabrication suggestion of the new hydrogel–elastomer composite material.
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27
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Bauer J, Schroer A, Schwaiger R, Kraft O. Approaching theoretical strength in glassy carbon nanolattices. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:438-43. [PMID: 26828314 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The strength of lightweight mechanical metamaterials, which aim to exploit material-strengthening size effects by their microscale lattice structure, has been limited by the resolution of three-dimensional lithography technologies and their restriction to mainly polymer resins. Here, we demonstrate that pyrolysis of polymeric microlattices can overcome these limitations and create ultra-strong glassy carbon nanolattices with single struts shorter than 1 μm and diameters as small as 200 nm. They represent the smallest lattice structures yet produced--achieved by an 80% shrinkage of the polymer during pyrolysis--and exhibit material strengths of up to 3 GPa, corresponding approximately to the theoretical strength of glassy carbon. The strength-to-density ratios of the nanolattices are six times higher than those of reported microlattices. With a honeycomb topology, effective strengths of 1.2 GPa at 0.6 g cm(-3) are achieved. Diamond is the only bulk material with a notably higher strength-to-density ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bauer
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Schroer
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - R Schwaiger
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - O Kraft
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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28
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Hsueh HY, Yao CT, Ho RM. Well-ordered nanohybrids and nanoporous materials from gyroid block copolymer templates. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1974-2018. [PMID: 25622806 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00424h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The design of nanostructured materials and their corresponding morphologies has attracted intense attention because of their effectiveness in tuning electronic, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties, as well as mechanical properties. Although many technologies have been explored to fabricate nanostructured materials, templated synthesis is one of the most important approaches to fabricate nanostructured materials with precisely controlled structures and morphologies from their constituent components. In this review article, we aim to highlight the use of the self-assembly of block copolymers as an emerging and powerful tool to fabricate well-defined nanomaterials with precise control over the structural dimensions and shape, as well as over the composition and corresponding spatial arrangement. After providing a brief introduction to the synthesis of regular porous materials, including silica- and carbon-based mesoporous materials, the review focuses on the fabrication of well-ordered nanoporous polymers from the selfassembly of degradable block copolymers, in particular with gyroid-forming network morphologies, as templates for the syntheses of various materials with different entities. We highlight the principles of different templated syntheses, from the fundamentals to their practical uses in the fabrication of nanohybrids and nanoporous materials; moreover, we provide an introduction to templates, precursors, solvents, and processing. Finally, some recent examples using block copolymer structure-directed nanomaterials for applications, such as solar cells, catalysis, and drug delivery, are presented. In particular, by taking advantage of the "well-ordered" structural characteristics of the gyroid texture, the properties and applications of 3D regular nanostructures, such as the photonic behavior and optical properties of gyroid-forming nanostructures, as well as of gyroid-forming metamaterials, will be emphasized. Special attention is also given to present new developments and future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Hsueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China.
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29
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Zhao N, Wang Z, Cai C, Shen H, Liang F, Wang D, Wang C, Zhu T, Guo J, Wang Y, Liu X, Duan C, Wang H, Mao Y, Jia X, Dong H, Zhang X, Xu J. Bioinspired materials: from low to high dimensional structure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6994-7017. [PMID: 25212698 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The surprising properties of biomaterials are the results of billions of years of evolution. Generally, biomaterials are assembled under mild conditions with very limited supply of constituents available for living organism, and their amazing properties largely result from the sophisticated hierarchical structures. Following the biomimetic principles to prepare manmade materials has drawn great research interests in materials science and engineering. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in fabricating bioinspired materials with the emphasis on mimicking the structure from one to three dimensions. Selected examples are described with a focus on the relationship between the structural characters and the corresponding functions. For one-dimensional materials, spider fibers, polar bear hair, multichannel plant roots and so on have been involved. Natural structure color and color shifting surfaces, and the antifouling, antireflective coatings of biomaterials are chosen as the typical examples of the two-dimensional biomimicking. The outstanding protection performance, and the stimuli responsive and self-healing functions of biomaterials based on the sophisticated hierarchical bulk structures are the emphases of the three-dimensional mimicking. Finally, a summary and outlook are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
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30
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Li YG, Wei YH, Hou LF, Guo CL, Han PJ. Fabrication of a surface-porous magnesium–aluminium alloy. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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31
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32
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Gui X, Zeng Z, Zhu Y, Li H, Lin Z, Gan Q, Xiang R, Cao A, Tang Z. Three-dimensional carbon nanotube sponge-array architectures with high energy dissipation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1248-53. [PMID: 24327465 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube sponges and aligned arrays are seamlessly integrated into numerous possible configurations such as series, parallel, package, and sandwich complex structures, leading to significantly broadened stress plateau and enhanced energy dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchun Gui
- State Key Lab of Optoelectronic, Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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33
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Zeng Z, Gui X, Gan Q, Lin Z, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Xiang R, Cao A, Tang Z. Integrated random-aligned carbon nanotube layers: deformation mechanism under compression. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:1748-1755. [PMID: 24352698 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have the potential to construct highly compressible and elastic macroscopic structures such as films, aerogels and sponges. The structure-related deformation mechanism determines the mechanical behavior of those structures and niche applications. Here, we show a novel strategy to integrate aligned and random nanotube layers and reveal their deformation mechanism under uniaxial compression with a large range of strain and cyclic testing. Integrated nanotube layers deform sequentially with different mechanisms due to the distinct morphology of each layer. While the aligned layer forms buckles under compression, nanotubes in the random layer tend to be parallel and form bundles, resulting in the integration of quite different properties (strength and stiffness) and correspondingly distinct plateau regions in the stress-strain curves. Our results indicate a great promise of constructing hierarchical carbon nanotube structures with tailored energy absorption properties, for applications such as cushioning and buffering layers in microelectromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
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