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Yang B, Li C, Wang Z, Dai Q. Thermoplasmonics in Solar Energy Conversion: Materials, Nanostructured Designs, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107351. [PMID: 35271744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The indispensable requirement for sustainable development of human society has forced almost all countries to seek highly efficient and cost-effective ways to harvest and convert solar energy. Though continuous progress has advanced, it remains a daunting challenge to achieve full-spectrum solar absorption and maximize the conversion efficiency of sunlight. Recently, thermoplasmonics has emerged as a promising solution, which involves several beneficial effects including enhanced light absorption and scattering, generation and relaxation of hot carriers, as well as localized/collective heating, offering tremendous opportunities for optimized energy conversion. Besides, all these functionalities can be tailored via elaborated designs of materials and nanostructures. Here, first the fundamental physics governing thermoplasmonics is presented and then the strategies for both material selection and nanostructured designs toward more efficient energy conversion are summarized. Based on this, recent progress in thermoplasmonic applications including solar evaporation, photothermal chemistry, and thermophotovoltaic is reviewed. Finally, the corresponding challenges and prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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2
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Morshed M, Li Z, Olbricht BC, Fu L, Haque A, Li L, Rifat AA, Rahmani M, Miroshnichenko AE, Hattori HT. High Fluence Chromium and Tungsten Bowtie Nano-antennas. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13023. [PMID: 31506576 PMCID: PMC6736980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-antennas are replicas of antennas that operate at radio-frequencies, but with considerably smaller dimensions when compared with their radio frequency counterparts. Noble metals based nano-antennas have the ability to enhance photoinduced phenomena such as localized electric fields, therefore-they have been used in various applications ranging from optical sensing and imaging to performance improvement of solar cells. However, such nano-structures can be damaged in high power applications such as heat resisted magnetic recording, solar thermo-photovoltaics and nano-scale heat transfer systems. Having a small footprint, nano-antennas cannot handle high fluences (energy density per unit area) and are subject to being damaged at adequately high power (some antennas can handle just a few milliwatts). In addition, given that nano-antennas are passive devices driven by external light sources, the potential damage of the antennas limits their use with high power lasers: this liability can be overcome by employing materials with high melting points such as chromium (Cr) and tungsten (W). In this article, we fabricate chromium and tungsten nano-antennas and demonstrate that they can handle 110 and 300 times higher fluence than that of gold (Au) counterpart, while the electric field enhancement is not significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monir Morshed
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia.
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | | | - Lan Fu
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ahasanul Haque
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Australian National Fabrication Facility, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ahmmed A Rifat
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia
| | - Haroldo T Hattori
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia
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3
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Lu L, Tan R, Chen D, Tong Y, Yan X, Gong M, Wu JZ. Surface plasmon assisted laser ablation of stainless steel. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:305401. [PMID: 30970328 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Au nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on stainless steel for surface plasmon enhanced laser ablation. A comparative study of the laser ablation efficiency was carried out on stainless steel samples with and without the Au NPs decoration at a variable pulsed laser fluence and laser pulse number. Higher ablation efficiency was clearly demonstrated in the former as illustrated from the larger diameter, maximum depth and the cross-sectional area of the crater generated by the laser ablation under the same conditions. Additionally, both the maximum depth and efficiency enhancement were found to depend on the laser fluence and pulse number. The maximum enhanced ablation efficiency of 36% based on the cross-sectional area of the crater was obtained at 1 pulse number of laser fluence 1.53 J cm-2. The efficiency enhancement of laser ablation is attributed to the highly enhanced surface plasmon field at the interface between Au NPs and stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China. Department of physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence 66044, United States of America
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4
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Di Crescenzo A, Tiecco M, Zappacosta R, Boncompagni S, Di Profio P, Ettorre V, Fontana A, Germani R, Siani G. Novel zwitterionic Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as environmentally friendly media for spontaneous self-assembly of gold nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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5
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Roxworthy BJ, Vangara S, Aksyuk VA. Sub-diffraction spatial mapping of nanomechanical modes using a plasmomechanical system. ACS PHOTONICS 2018; 5:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00604. [PMID: 30984799 PMCID: PMC6459204 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmomechanical systems - formed by introducing a mechanically compliant gap between metallic nanostructures - produce large optomechanical interactions that can be localized to deep subwavelength volumes. This unique ability opens a new path to study optomechanics in nanometer-scale regimes inaccessible by other methods. We show that the localized optomechanical interactions produced by plasmomechanics can be used to spatially map the displacement modes of a vibrating nanomechanical system with a resolution exceeding the diffraction limit. Furthermore, we use white light illumination for motion transduction instead of a monochromatic laser, and develop a semi-analytical model matching the changes in optomechanical coupling constant and motion signal strength observed in a broadband transduction experiment. Our results clearly demonstrate the key benefit of localized and broadband performance provided by plasmomechanical systems, which may enable future nano-scale sensing and wafer-scale metrology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Roxworthy
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | | | - Vladimir A. Aksyuk
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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6
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Chorsi HT, Zhu Y, Zhang JXJ. Patterned Plasmonic Surfaces-Theory, Fabrication, and Applications in Biosensing. JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS : A JOINT IEEE AND ASME PUBLICATION ON MICROSTRUCTURES, MICROACTUATORS, MICROSENSORS, AND MICROSYSTEMS 2017; 26:718-739. [PMID: 29276365 PMCID: PMC5736324 DOI: 10.1109/jmems.2017.2699864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-profile patterned plasmonic surfaces are synergized with a broad class of silicon microstructures to greatly enhance near-field nanoscale imaging, sensing, and energy harvesting coupled with far-field free-space detection. This concept has a clear impact on several key areas of interest for the MEMS community, including but not limited to ultra-compact microsystems for sensitive detection of small number of target molecules, and "surface" devices for optical data storage, micro-imaging and displaying. In this paper, we review the current state-of-the-art in plasmonic theory as well as derive design guidance for plasmonic integration with microsystems, fabrication techniques, and selected applications in biosensing, including refractive-index based label-free biosensing, plasmonic integrated lab-on-chip systems, plasmonic near-field scanning optical microscopy and plasmonics on-chip systems for cellular imaging. This paradigm enables low-profile conformal surfaces on microdevices, rather than bulk material or coatings, which provide clear advantages for physical, chemical and biological-related sensing, imaging, and light harvesting, in addition to easier realization, enhanced flexibility, and tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid T Chorsi
- Thayer School of engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Ying Zhu
- Thayer School of engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - John X J Zhang
- Thayer School of engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
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7
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Roxworthy BJ, Aksyuk VA. Nanomechanical motion transduction with a scalable localized gap plasmon architecture. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13746. [PMID: 27922019 PMCID: PMC5150643 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic structures couple oscillating electromagnetic fields to conduction electrons in noble metals and thereby can confine optical-frequency excitations at nanometre scales. This confinement both facilitates miniaturization of nanophotonic devices and makes their response highly sensitive to mechanical motion. Mechanically coupled plasmonic devices thus hold great promise as building blocks for next-generation reconfigurable optics and metasurfaces. However, a flexible approach for accurately batch-fabricating high-performance plasmomechanical devices is currently lacking. Here we introduce an architecture integrating individual plasmonic structures with precise, nanometre features into tunable mechanical resonators. The localized gap plasmon resonators strongly couple light and mechanical motion within a three-dimensional, sub-diffraction volume, yielding large quality factors and record optomechanical coupling strength of 2 THz·nm−1. Utilizing these features, we demonstrate sensitive and spatially localized optical transduction of mechanical motion with a noise floor of 6 fm·Hz−1/2, representing a 1.5 orders of magnitude improvement over existing localized plasmomechanical systems. Flexible approaches are required for building plasmomechanical devices for tunable optical devices. Here, Roxworthy et al. introduce a plasmonic-nanoelectromechanical systems device where gap plasmon resonators are embedded into arrays of moving silicon nitride nanostructures, yielding thousands of devices per chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Roxworthy
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Vladimir A Aksyuk
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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8
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Hasan D, Ho C, Lee C. Realization of Fractal-Inspired Thermoresponsive Quasi-3D Plasmonic Metasurfaces with EOT-Like Transmission for Volumetric and Multispectral Detection in the Mid-IR Region. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:818-831. [PMID: 31457164 PMCID: PMC6640791 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We use a paradigmatic mathematic model known as Sierpiński fractal to reverse-engineer artificial nanostructures that can potentially serve as plasmonic metasurfaces as well as nanogap electrodes. Herein, we particularly demonstrate the possibility of obtaining multispectral extraordinary optical transmission-like transmission peaks from fractal-inspired geometries, which can preserve distinct spatial characteristics. To achieve enhanced volumetric interaction and thermal responsiveness within the framework, we consider a bilayer, quasi-three-dimensional (3D) configuration that relies on the unique approach of combining complementary and noncomplementary surfaces, while avoiding the need for multilayer alignment on the nanoscale. We implement an improved version of the model to (1) increase the volume of quasi-3D nanochannels and enhance the lightening-rod effect of the metasurfaces, (2) harness cross-coupling as a mechanism for achieving better sensitivity, and (3) exploit optical magnetism for pushing the resonances to longer wavelengths on a miniaturized platform. We further demonstrate vertical coupling as an effective route for ultimate miniaturization of such quasi-3D nanostructures. We report a wavelength shift up to 1666 nm/refractive index unit and 2.5 nm/°C, implying the usefulness of the proposed devices for applications such as dielectrophoretic sensing and nanothermodynamic study of molecular reactions in the chemically active mid-IR spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihan Hasan
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Center for Intelligent Sensors
and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
- NUS
Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chong
Pei Ho
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Center for Intelligent Sensors
and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
- NUS
Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Center for Intelligent Sensors
and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
- NUS
Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Graduate
School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
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9
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Sharac N, Sharma H, Veysi M, Sanderson RN, Khine M, Capolino F, Ragan R. Tunable optical response of bowtie nanoantenna arrays on thermoplastic substrates. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:105302. [PMID: 26867001 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/10/105302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermally responsive polymers present an interesting avenue for tuning the optical properties of nanomaterials on their surfaces by varying their periodicity and shape using facile processing methods. Gold bowtie nanoantenna arrays are fabricated using nanosphere lithography on prestressed polyolefin (PO), a thermoplastic polymer, and optical properties are investigated via a combination of spectroscopy and electromagnetic simulations to correlate shape evolution with optical response. Geometric features of bowtie nanoantennas evolve by annealing at temperatures between 105 °C and 135 °C by releasing the degree of prestress in PO. Due to the higher modulus of Au versus PO, compressive stress occurs on Au bowtie regions on PO, which leads to surface buckling at the two highest annealing temperatures; regions with a 5 nm gap between bowtie nanoantennas are observed and the average reduction is 75%. Reflectance spectroscopy and full-wave electromagnetic simulations both demonstrate the ability to tune the plasmon resonance wavelength with a window of approximately 90 nm in the range of annealing temperatures investigated. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements demonstrate that maximum enhancement is observed as the excitation wavelength approaches the plasmon resonance of Au bowtie nanoantennas. Both the size and morphology tunability offered by PO allows for customizing optical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sharac
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA
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10
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Chen H, Bhuiya AM, Ding Q, Johnson HT, Toussaint KC. Towards do-it-yourself planar optical components using plasmon-assisted etching. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10468. [PMID: 26814026 PMCID: PMC4737853 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the push to foster increased technological innovation and basic scientific and engineering interest from the broadest sectors of society has helped to accelerate the development of do-it-yourself (DIY) components, particularly those related to low-cost microcontroller boards. The attraction with DIY kits is the simplification of the intervening steps going from basic design to fabrication, albeit typically at the expense of quality. We present herein plasmon-assisted etching as an approach to extend the DIY theme to optics, specifically the table-top fabrication of planar optical components. By operating in the design space between metasurfaces and traditional flat optical components, we employ arrays of Au pillar-supported bowtie nanoantennas as a template structure. To demonstrate, we fabricate a Fresnel zone plate, diffraction grating and holographic mode converter—all using the same template. Applications to nanotweezers and fabricating heterogeneous nanoantennas are also shown. Recently, there has been a growing interest in do-it-yourself components to accelerate development of inexpensive fabrication approaches. Here, Chen et al. present a plasmon-assisted etching technique to fabricate planar optical components using arrays of gold pillar-supported bowtie nanoantennas as a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Abdul M Bhuiya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Qing Ding
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Harley T Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Kimani C Toussaint
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus C Ndukaife
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Water Institute, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, USA
| | - Vladimir M Shalaev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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12
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Malassis L, Dreyfus R, Murphy RJ, Hough LA, Donnio B, Murray CB. One-step green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles with ascorbic acid and their versatile surface post-functionalization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00194g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold and silver nanoparticles, with different sizes, have been synthesized using ascorbic acid which allows a versatile and simple post-functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Malassis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
| | - Rémi Dreyfus
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
- UMI 3254
- CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania
- CRTB
- Bristol
| | - Ryan J. Murphy
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
- UMI 3254
- CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania
- CRTB
- Bristol
| | - Lawrence A. Hough
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
- UMI 3254
- CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania
- CRTB
- Bristol
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
- UMI 3254
- CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania
- CRTB
- Bristol
| | - Christopher B. Murray
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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13
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Ndukaife JC, Kildishev AV, Nnanna AGA, Shalaev VM, Wereley ST, Boltasseva A. Long-range and rapid transport of individual nano-objects by a hybrid electrothermoplasmonic nanotweezer. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:53-9. [PMID: 26524398 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-enhanced optical trapping is being actively studied to provide efficient manipulation of nanometre-sized objects. However, a long-standing issue with previously proposed solutions is how to controllably load the trap on-demand without relying on Brownian diffusion. Here, we show that the photo-induced heating of a nanoantenna in conjunction with an applied a.c. electric field can initiate rapid microscale fluid motion and particle transport with a velocity exceeding 10 μm s(-1), which is over two orders of magnitude faster than previously predicted. Our electrothermoplasmonic device enables on-demand long-range and rapid delivery of single nano-objects to specific plasmonic nanoantennas, where they can be trapped and even locked in place. We also present a physical model that elucidates the role of both heat-induced fluidic motion and plasmonic field enhancement in the plasmon-assisted optical trapping process. Finally, by applying a d.c. field or low-frequency a.c. field (below 10 Hz) while the particle is held in the trap by the gradient force, the trapped nano-objects can be immobilized into plasmonic hotspots, thereby providing the potential for effective low-power nanomanufacturing on-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus C Ndukaife
- School of Electrical &Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Water Institute, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323, USA
| | - Alexander V Kildishev
- School of Electrical &Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - Vladimir M Shalaev
- School of Electrical &Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Steven T Wereley
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- School of Electrical &Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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14
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Kim JD, Choi JH, Lee YG. A measurement of the maximal forces in plasmonic tweezers. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:425203. [PMID: 26422476 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/42/425203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic tweezers that are designed to trap nanoscale objects create many new possibilities for single-molecule targeted studies. Numerous novel designs of plasmonic nanostructures are proposed in order to attain stronger forces and weaker laser intensity. Most experiments have consisted only of immobilization observations--that is, particles stick when the laser is turned on and fall away when the laser is turned off. Studies of the exertable forces were only theoretical. A few studies have experimentally measured trap stiffness. However, as far as we know, no studies have addressed maximal forces. In this paper, we present a new experimental design in which the motion of the trapped particle can be monitored in either parallel or orthogonal directions to the plasmonic structure's symmetric axis. We measured maximal trapping force through such monitoring. Although stiffness would be useful for force-calibration or immobilization purposes, for which most plasmonic tweezers are used, we believe that the maximal endurable force is significant and thus, this paper presents this aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Dae Kim
- School of Mechatronics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro (Oryong-dong), Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Korea
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15
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Chen H, Bhuiya AM, Ding Q, Toussaint KC. Plasmon-assisted audio recording. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9125. [PMID: 25773401 PMCID: PMC5390921 DOI: 10.1038/srep09125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the first demonstration of the recording of optically encoded audio onto a plasmonic nanostructure. Analogous to the "optical sound" approach used in the early twentieth century to store sound on photographic film, we show that arrays of gold, pillar-supported bowtie nanoantennas could be used in a similar fashion to store sound information that is transferred via an amplitude modulated optical signal to the near field of an optical microscope. Retrieval of the audio information is achieved using standard imaging optics. We demonstrate that the sound information can be stored either as time-varying waveforms or in the frequency domain as the corresponding amplitude and phase spectra. A "plasmonic musical keyboard" comprising of 8 basic musical notes is constructed and used to play a short song. For comparison, we employ the correlation coefficient, which reveals that original and retrieved sound files are similar with maximum and minimum values of 0.995 and 0.342, respectively. We also show that the pBNAs could be used for basic signal processing by ablating unwanted frequency components on the nanostructure thereby enabling physical notch filtering of these components. Our work introduces a new application domain for plasmonic nanoantennas and experimentally verifies their potential for information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Abdul M Bhuiya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Qing Ding
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Kimani C Toussaint
- 1] Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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