1
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R RT, Das RR, Reghuvaran C, James A. Graphene-based RRAM devices for neural computing. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1253075. [PMID: 37886675 PMCID: PMC10598392 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1253075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistive random access memory is very well known for its potential application in in-memory and neural computing. However, they often have different types of device-to-device and cycle-to-cycle variability. This makes it harder to build highly accurate crossbar arrays. Traditional RRAM designs make use of various filament-based oxide materials for creating a channel that is sandwiched between two electrodes to form a two-terminal structure. They are often subjected to mechanical and electrical stress over repeated read-and-write cycles. The behavior of these devices often varies in practice across wafer arrays over these stresses when fabricated. The use of emerging 2D materials is explored to improve electrical endurance, long retention time, high switching speed, and fewer power losses. This study provides an in-depth exploration of neuro-memristive computing and its potential applications, focusing specifically on the utilization of graphene and 2D materials in RRAM for neural computing. The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the structural and design aspects of graphene-based RRAM, along with a thorough examination of commercially available RRAM models and their fabrication techniques. Furthermore, the study investigates the diverse range of applications that can benefit from graphene-based RRAM devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alex James
- Digital University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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2
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Lu L, Wang D, Pu C, Cao Y, Li Y, Xu P, Chen X, Liu C, Liang S, Suo L, Cui Y, Zhao Z, Guo Y, Liang J, Liu Y. High-performance flexible organic field effect transistors with print-based nanowires. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:80. [PMID: 37323543 PMCID: PMC10264417 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanowire (NW) organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) integrated on highly aligned large-area flexible substrates are candidate structures for the development of high-performance flexible electronics. This work presents a universal technique, coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet (CFEJ) printing technology, to fabricate highly aligned 90-nm-diameter polymer arrays. This method allows for the preparation of uniformly shaped and precisely positioned nanowires directly on flexible substrates without transfer, thus ensuring their electrical properties. Using indacenodithiophene-co-benzothiadiazole (IDT-BT) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8-BT) as example materials, 5 cm2 arrays were prepared with only minute size variations, which is extremely difficult to do using previously reported methods. According to 2D-GIXRD analysis, the molecules inside the nanowires mainly adopted face-on π-stacking crystallite arrangements. This is quite different from the mixed arrangement of thin films. Nanowire-based OFETs exhibited a high average hole mobility of 1.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 and good device uniformity, indicating the applicability of CFEJ printing as a potential batch manufacturing and integration process for high-performance, scalable polymer nanowire-based OFET circuits. This technique can be used to fabricate various polymer arrays, enabling the use of organic polymer semiconductors in large-area, high-performance electronic devices and providing a new path for the fabrication of flexible displays and wearable electronics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Lu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Changchang Pu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Yikang Li
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Xiangji Chen
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Chang Liu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Shiwen Liang
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Liujia Suo
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Yan Cui
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Junsheng Liang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
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3
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Lu L, Wang D, Zhao Z, Li Y, Pu C, Xu P, Chen X, Liu C, Liang S, Suo L, Liang J, Cui Y, Guo Y, Liu Y. Optimized coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing of highly ordered semiconductor sub-microwire arrays for high-performance organic field-effect transistors. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1880-1889. [PMID: 36606492 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Patterning of semiconductor polymers is pertinent to preparing and applying organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). In this study, coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing (high resolution, high speed, and convenient) was used to pattern polymer semiconductors. The influence of the key printing parameters on the width of polymer sub-microwires was evaluated. The width decreased with increasing applied voltage, printing speed, and concentration of the polymer ink. However, the width increased gradually with increasing polymer ink flow rate. A regression analysis model of the relationship between the printing parameters and width was established. Based on a regression analysis/genetic algorithm, the optimal printing parameters were obtained and the correctness of the printing parameters was verified. The optimized printing parameters stabilized the width of the arrays to ca. 110 nm and imparted a smooth morphology. Additionally, the corresponding OFETs exhibited a high mobility of 2 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is 5× higher than that of thin-film-based OFETs. One can conveniently obtain high-performance OFETs from ordered sub-microwire arrays fabricated by CFEJ printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Lu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yikang Li
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Changchang Pu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xiangji Chen
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Shiwen Liang
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Liujia Suo
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Junsheng Liang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Yan Cui
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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4
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Serrano-Garcia W, Ramakrishna S, Thomas SW. Electrospinning Technique for Fabrication of Coaxial Nanofibers of Semiconductive Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235073. [PMID: 36501468 PMCID: PMC9735662 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the electrospinning technique is used to fabricate a polymer-polymer coaxial structure nanofiber from the p-type regioregular polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and the n-type conjugated ladder polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) of orthogonal solvents. Generally, the fabrication of polymeric coaxial nanostructures tends to be troublesome. Using the electrospinning technique, P3HT was successfully used as the core, and the BBL as the shell, thus conceptually forming a p-n junction that is cylindrical in form with diameters in a range from 280 nm to 2.8 µm. The UV-VIS of P3HT/PS blend solution showed no evidence of separation or precipitation, while the combined solutions of P3HT/PS and BBL were heterogeneous. TEM images show a well-formed coaxial structure that is normally not expected due to rapid reaction and solidification when mixed in vials in response to orthogonal solubility. For this reason, extruding it by using electrostatic forces promoted a quick elongation of the polymers while forming a concise interface. Single nanofiber electrical characterization demonstrated the conductivity of the coaxial surface of ~1.4 × 10-4 S/m. Furthermore, electrospinning has proven to be a viable method for the fabrication of pure semiconducting coaxial nanofibers that can lead to the desired fabrication of fiber-based electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Serrano-Garcia
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research (AMBIR) Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Sylvia W. Thomas
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research (AMBIR) Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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5
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Wang D, Lu L, Zhao Z, Zhao K, Zhao X, Pu C, Li Y, Xu P, Chen X, Guo Y, Suo L, Liang J, Cui Y, Liu Y. Large area polymer semiconductor sub-microwire arrays by coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing for high-performance OFETs. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6214. [PMID: 36266282 PMCID: PMC9584972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Large area and highly aligned polymer semiconductor sub-microwires were fabricated using the coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing technology. As indicated by the results, the sub-microwire arrays have smooth morphology, well reproducibility and controllable with a width of ~110 nm. Analysis shows that the molecular chains inside the sub-microwires mainly exhibited edge-on arrangement and the π-stacking direction (010) of the majority of crystals is parallel to the long axis of the sub-microwires. Sub-microwires based organic field effect transistors showed high mobility with an average of 1.9 cm2 V−1 s−1, approximately 5 times higher than that of thin film based organic field effect transistors. In addition, the number of sub-microwires can be conveniently controlled by the printing technique, which can subsequently concisely control the performance of organic field effect transistors. This work demonstrates that sub-microwires fabricated by the coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing technology create an alternative path for the applications of high-performance organic flexible device. Here, the authors fabricate large area and highly aligned polymer semiconductor sub-microwires arrays via coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet printing technology, achieving high on/off ratio and average mobility that is 5x higher than that of thin film based organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Wang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. .,Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Liangkun Lu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kuipeng Zhao
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Changchang Pu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yikang Li
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangji Chen
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liujia Suo
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Junsheng Liang
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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6
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Electrospun Nanofibers for Integrated Sensing, Storage, and Computing Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have become the most promising building blocks for future high-performance electronic devices because of the advantages of larger specific surface area, higher porosity, more flexibility, and stronger mechanical strength over conventional film-based materials. Moreover, along with the properties of ease of fabrication and cost-effectiveness, a broad range of applications based on nanomaterials by electrospinning have sprung up. In this review, we aim to summarize basic principles, influence factors, and advanced methods of electrospinning to produce hundreds of nanofibers with different structures and arrangements. In addition, electrospun nanofiber based electronics composed of both two-terminal and three-terminal devices and their practical applications are discussed in the fields of sensing, storage, and computing, which give rise to the further integration to realize a comprehensive and brain-like system. Last but not least, the emulation of biological synapses through artificial synaptic transistors and additionally optoelectronics in recent years are included as an important step toward the construction of large-scale, multifunctional systems.
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7
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Laramée AW, Lanthier C, Pellerin C. Raman Investigation of the Processing Structure Relations in Individual Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Electrospun Fibers. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:51-60. [PMID: 34643130 PMCID: PMC8750136 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211049242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
*These authors contributed equally.Electrospun fibers often exhibit enhanced properties at reduced diameters, a characteristic now widely attributed to a high molecular orientation of the polymer chains along the fiber axis. A parameter that can affect the molecular organization is the type of collector onto which fibers are electrospun. In this work, we use polarized confocal Raman spectromicroscopy to determine the incidence of the three most common types of collectors on the molecular orientation and structure in individual fibers of a broad range of diameters. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) is used as a model system for fibers of weakly crystalline polymers. A clear correlation emerges between the choice of collector, the induced molecular orientation, the fraction of trans conformers, and the degree of crystallinity within fibers. Quantitative structural information gathered by Raman contributes to a general description of the mechanism of action of the collectors based on the additional strain they exert on the forming fibers.
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8
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Chortos A. Extrusion
3D
printing of conjugated polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Chortos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
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9
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Su S, Liang J, Xu S, Li X, Xin W, Wang Z, Wang D. Preparation of aligned nanofibers using parallel inductive-plates assisted electrospinning. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:265303. [PMID: 33740778 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abf073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a simple, cost-effective, and versatile technique for fabrication of nanofibers. However, nanofibers obtained from the conventional electrospinning are typically disordered, which seriously limits their application. In this work, we present a novel and facile technique to obtain aligned nanofibers with high efficiency by using parallel inductive-plates assisted electrospinning (PIES). In this new electrospinning setup, the electrostatic spinneret is contained in a pair of parallel inductive-plates, which can change the shape and direction of the electric field line during the electrospinning so as to control the flight trajectory and spatial alignment of the spinning nanofibers. This electrospinning setup can divide the electric field line into two parts which are respectively directed to the edge of the upper and lower inductive-plates. Then the nanofibers move along the electric field line, suspend and align between the parallel inductive-plates. Finally, the well aligned nanofibers could be easily transferred onto other substrates for further characterizations and applications. The aligned nanofibers with an average diameter of 469 ± 115 nm and a length as long as 140 mm were successfully achieved by using PIES technique. Moreover, nanofiber arrays with different cross angles and three-dimensional films formed by the aligned nanofibers were also facilely obtained. The novel PIES developed in this work has been proved to be a facile, cost-effective and promising approach to prepare aligned nanofibers for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Su
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Liang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangchao Xu
- Equipment Management and Support College, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an 710086, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Xin
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zizhu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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10
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Fasano V, Laurita R, Moffa M, Gualandi C, Colombo V, Gherardi M, Zussman E, Vasilyev G, Persano L, Camposeo A, Focarete ML, Pisignano D. Enhanced Electrospinning of Active Organic Fibers by Plasma Treatment on Conjugated Polymer Solutions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26320-26329. [PMID: 32406678 PMCID: PMC7302505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Realizing active, light-emitting fibers made of conjugated polymers by the electrospinning method is generally challenging. Electrospinning of plasma-treated conjugated polymer solutions is here developed for the production of light-emitting microfibers and nanofibers. Active fibers from conjugated polymer solutions rapidly processed by a cold atmospheric argon plasma are electrospun in an effective way, and they show a smoother surface and bead-less morphology, as well as preserved optical properties in terms of absorption, emission, and photoluminescence quantum yield. In addition, the polarization of emitted light and more notably photon waveguiding along the length of individual fibers are remarkably enhanced by electrospinning plasma-treated solutions. These properties come from a synergetic combination of favorable intermolecular coupling in the solutions, increased order of macromolecules on the nanoscale, and resulting fiber morphology. Such findings make the coupling of the electrospinning method and cold atmospheric plasma processing on conjugated polymer solutions a highly promising and possibly general route to generate light-emitting and conductive micro- and nanostructures for organic photonics and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Fasano
- Dipartimento di
Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Romolo Laurita
- Department of Industrial
Engineering (DIN), Università di
Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento
2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- Advanced Mechanics and Materials-Interdepartmental Center, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Moffa
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Advanced Mechanics and Materials-Interdepartmental Center, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- Chemistry Department “Giacomo Ciamician”
and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of
Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Colombo
- Department of Industrial
Engineering (DIN), Università di
Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento
2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- Advanced Mechanics and Materials-Interdepartmental Center, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Gherardi
- Department of Industrial
Engineering (DIN), Università di
Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento
2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- Advanced Mechanics and Materials-Interdepartmental Center, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eyal Zussman
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Technion − Israel Institute
of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Gleb Vasilyev
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Technion − Israel Institute
of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Luana Persano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Chemistry Department “Giacomo Ciamician”
and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of
Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Health
Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial
Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano Emilia I-40064, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo
3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Molinari FN, Barragán E, Bilbao E, Patrone L, Giménez G, Medrano AV, Tolley A, Monsalve LN. An electrospun polymer composite with fullerene-multiwalled carbon nanotube exohedral complexes can act as memory device. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Prajongtat P, Sriprachuabwong C, Wongkanya R, Dechtrirat D, Sudchanham J, Srisamran N, Sangthong W, Chuysinuan P, Tuantranont A, Hannongbua S, Chattham N. Moisture-Resistant Electrospun Polymer Membranes for Efficient and Stable Fully Printable Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared in Humid Air. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27677-27685. [PMID: 31305061 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fully printable perovskite solar cells (PPSCs) attract attention in the photovoltaic industry and research owing to their controllable and scalable production with reduced material waste during manufacturing. However, the commercialization of PPSCs has been impeded by their inherent vulnerability to ambient moisture, leading to a rapid loss of device efficiency and lifetime. Here, we propose a novel idea to enhance the photovoltaic performance and stability of PPSCs in humid air (relative humidity exceeding 80%) using electrospun hydrophobic polymer membranes, i.e., polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and PLA/PCL blends, as moisture-resistant layers for PPSCs. After optimizing the morphologies, hydrophobicity, and thermal properties of the electrospun membranes by varying the contents of the polymer components in the membranes, the unencapsulated devices with these membranes demonstrated power conversion efficiencies of up to 8.2%, which was significantly higher than for devices without the membranes (6.8%). Moreover, devices with the optimum electrospun membrane retained more than 85% of their original efficiency after being stored in humid air for over 35 days. In comparison, devices without the electrospun membranes lost about 50% of their initial efficiency over the same time. Our work is very useful for the development of highly efficient and stable commercial PPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chakrit Sriprachuabwong
- Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD) , National Science and Technology Development Agency , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road , Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani 12120 , Thailand
| | | | | | - Jutarat Sudchanham
- Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD) , National Science and Technology Development Agency , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road , Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Nirachawadee Srisamran
- Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD) , National Science and Technology Development Agency , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road , Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani 12120 , Thailand
| | | | - Piyachat Chuysinuan
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis , Chulabhorn Research Institute , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Adisorn Tuantranont
- Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD) , National Science and Technology Development Agency , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road , Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani 12120 , Thailand
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13
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Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile and viable technique for generating ultrathin fibers. Remarkable progress has been made with regard to the development of electrospinning methods and engineering of electrospun nanofibers to suit or enable various applications. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of electrospinning, including the principle, methods, materials, and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the early history of electrospinning, followed by discussion of its principle and typical apparatus. We then discuss its renaissance over the past two decades as a powerful technology for the production of nanofibers with diversified compositions, structures, and properties. Afterward, we discuss the applications of electrospun nanofibers, including their use as "smart" mats, filtration membranes, catalytic supports, energy harvesting/conversion/storage components, and photonic and electronic devices, as well as biomedical scaffolds. We highlight the most relevant and recent advances related to the applications of electrospun nanofibers by focusing on the most representative examples. We also offer perspectives on the challenges, opportunities, and new directions for future development. At the end, we discuss approaches to the scale-up production of electrospun nanofibers and briefly discuss various types of commercial products based on electrospun nanofibers that have found widespread use in our everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Xue
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Tong Wu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yunqian Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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14
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Abstract
Gold, one of the noble metals, has played a significant role in human society throughout history. Gold's excellent electrical, optical and chemical properties make the element indispensable in maintaining a prosperous modern electronics industry. In the emerging field of stretchable electronics (elastronics), the main challenge is how to utilize these excellent material properties under various mechanical deformations. This review covers the recent progress in developing "softening" gold chemistry for various applications in elastronics. We systematically present material synthesis and design principles, applications, and challenges and opportunities ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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15
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Jayathilaka WADM, Qi K, Qin Y, Chinnappan A, Serrano-García W, Baskar C, Wang H, He J, Cui S, Thomas SW, Ramakrishna S. Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805921. [PMID: 30589117 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Together with the evolution of digital health care, the wearable electronics field has evolved rapidly during the past few years and is expected to be expanded even further within the first few years of the next decade. As the next stage of wearables is predicted to move toward integrated wearables, nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the spotlight of the search for novel concepts for integration. In addition, the conversion of current devices and attachment-based wearables into integrated technology may involve a significant size reduction while retaining their functional capabilities. Nanomaterial-based wearable sensors have already marked their presence with a significant distinction while nanomaterial-based wearable actuators are still at their embryonic stage. This review looks into the contribution of nanomaterials and nanocomposites to wearable technology with a focus on wearable sensors and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun Qi
- Centre for Nanofiber and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
- School of Textile and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yanli Qin
- Centre for Nanofiber and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Amutha Chinnappan
- Centre for Nanofiber and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - William Serrano-García
- Centre for Nanofiber and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida - Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Chinnappan Baskar
- THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology Tehri, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianxin He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, China
| | - Shizhong Cui
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, China
| | - Sylvia W Thomas
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida - Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofiber and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
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16
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Eslamian M, Khorrami M, Yi N, Majd S, Abidian MR. Electrospinning of Highly Aligned Fibers for Drug Delivery Applications. J Mater Chem B 2018; 7:224-232. [PMID: 31372224 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a straightforward, cost-effective, and versatile technique for fabrication of polymeric micro/nanofibers with tunable structural properties. Controlling the size, shape, and spatial orientation of the electrospun fibers is crucial for utilization in drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. In this study, for the first time, we systematically investigate the effect of processing parameters, including voltage, syringe needle gauge, angular velocity of rotating wheel, syringe-collector distance, and flow rate on the size and alignment of electrospun PLGA fibers. Optimizing these parameters enabled us to produce highly aligned and monodisperse PLGA fibers (spatial orientation> 99% and coefficient of variation< 0.5). To assess the effect of fiber alignment on the release of encapsulated drugs from these fibers, we incorporated dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug, within highly-aligned and randomly-oriented fibers with comparable diameters (~0.87 μm) and compared their release profiles. In-vitro release studies revealed that the aligned fibers had less burst release (~10.8% in 24 hr) and more sustained release (~8.8% average rate of change for 24 days) compared to the random fibers. Finally, the degradation modes of the aligned and random fibers after 25 days incubation were characterized and compared. The findings of this study can be applied for the development of 3D degradable aligned fibers for controlled drug release and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadjavad Eslamian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Milad Khorrami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Ning Yi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sheereen Majd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Abidian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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17
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Zhang Y, Sezen S, Ahmadi M, Cheng X, Rajamani R. Paper-Based Supercapacitive Mechanical Sensors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16284. [PMID: 30389983 PMCID: PMC6214964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper has been pursued as an interesting substrate material for sensors in applications such as microfluidics, bio-sensing of analytes and printed microelectronics. It offers advantages of being inexpensive, lightweight, environmentally friendly and easy to use. However, currently available paper-based mechanical sensors suffer from inadequate range and accuracy. Here, using the principle of supercapacitive sensing, we fabricate force sensors from paper with ultra-high sensitivity and unprecedented configurability. The high sensitivity comes from the sensitive dependence of a supercapacitor's response on the contact area between a deformable electrolyte and a pair of electrodes. As a key component, we develop highly deformable electrolytes by coating ionic gel on paper substrates which can be cut and shaped into complex three-dimensional geometries. Paper dissolves in the ionic gel after determining the shape of the electrolytes, leaving behind transparent electrolytes with micro-structured fissures responsible for their high deformability. Exploiting this simple paper-based fabrication process, we construct diverse sensors of different configurations that can measure not just force but also its normal and shear components. The new sensors have range and sensitivity several orders of magnitude higher than traditional MEMS capacitive sensors, in spite of their being easily fabricated from paper with no cleanroom facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Serdar Sezen
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, St. Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN, 56301, USA
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rajesh Rajamani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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18
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Recent Advances of the Polymer Micro/Nanofiber Fluorescence Waveguide. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10101086. [PMID: 30961011 PMCID: PMC6404050 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Subwavelength optical micro/nanofibers have several advantages, such as compact optical wave field and large specific surface area, which make them widely used as basic building blocks in the field of micro-nano optical waveguide and photonic devices. Among them, polymer micro/nanofibers are among the first choices for constructing micro-nano photonic components and miniaturized integrated optical paths, as they have good mechanical properties and tunable photonic properties. At the same time, the structures of polymer chains, aggregated structures, and artificial microstructures all have unique effects on photons. These waveguided micro/nanofibers can be made up of not only luminescent conjugated polymers, but also nonluminous matrix polymers doped with luminescent dyes (organic and inorganic luminescent particles, etc.) due to the outstanding compatibility of polymers. This paper summarizes the recent progress of the light-propagated mechanism, novel design, controllable fabrication, optical modulation, high performance, and wide applications of the polymer micro/nanofiber fluorescence waveguide. The focus is on the methods for simplifying the preparation process and modulating the waveguided photon parameters. In addition, developing new polymer materials for optical transmission and improving transmission efficiency is discussed in detail. It is proposed that the multifunctional heterojunctions based on the arrangement and combination of polymer-waveguided micro/nanofibers would be an important trend toward the construction of more novel and complex photonic devices. It is of great significance to study and optimize the optical waveguide and photonic components of polymer micro/nanofibers for the development of intelligent optical chips and miniaturized integrated optical circuits.
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19
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Zhong Y, Nguyen GTM, Plesse C, Vidal F, Jager EWH. Highly Conductive, Photolithographically Patternable Ionogels for Flexible and Stretchable Electrochemical Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21601-21611. [PMID: 29856596 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An ionic conducting membrane is an essential part in various electrochemical devices including ionic actuators. To miniaturize these devices, micropatterns of ionic conducting membrane are desired. Here, we present a novel type of ionogel that can be patterned using standard photolithography and soft imprinting lithography. The ionogel is prepared in situ by UV-initiated free-radical polymerization of thiol acrylate precursors in the presence of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. The resultant ionogel is very flexible with a low Young's modulus (as low as 0.23 MPa) and shows a very high ionic conductivity (up to 2.4 × 10-3 S/cm with 75 wt % ionic liquid incorporated) and has a reactive surface due to the excess thiol groups. Micropatterns of ionogel are obtained by using the thiol acrylate ionogel solution as an ionic conducting photoresist with standard photolithography. Water, a solvent immiscible with ionic liquid, is used as the photoresist developer to avoid complete removal of ionic liquid from thin micropatterns of the ionogel. By taking advantage of the reactive surface of ionogels and the photopatternability, ionogels with complex three-dimensional microstructure are developed. The surface of the ionogels can also be easily patterned using UV-assisted soft imprinting lithography. This new type of ionogels may open up for building high-performance flexible electrochemical microdevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhong
- Sensor and Actuator Systems (SAS), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) , Linköping University , Linköping 581 83 , Sweden
| | - Giao T M Nguyen
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Institut des Matériaux , Université de Cergy-Pontoise , Cergy-Pontoise Cedex 95000 , France
| | - Cédric Plesse
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Institut des Matériaux , Université de Cergy-Pontoise , Cergy-Pontoise Cedex 95000 , France
| | - Frédéric Vidal
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Institut des Matériaux , Université de Cergy-Pontoise , Cergy-Pontoise Cedex 95000 , France
| | - Edwin W H Jager
- Sensor and Actuator Systems (SAS), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) , Linköping University , Linköping 581 83 , Sweden
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20
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Morphology and optoelectronic characteristics of organic field-effect transistors based on blends of polylactic acid and poly(3-hexylthiophene). Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Jeng KS, Chu CW, Liu CL, Jean WM, Chen HL, Chen JT. Orientation Preferences of Interchain Stackings for Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanowires Prepared Using Template-Based Wetting Methods. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Sheng Jeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Chu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Woan-Mei Jean
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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22
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Ye D, Ding Y, Duan Y, Su J, Yin Z, Huang YA. Large-Scale Direct-Writing of Aligned Nanofibers for Flexible Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703521. [PMID: 29473336 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibers/nanowires usually exhibit exceptionally low flexural rigidities and remarkable tolerance against mechanical bending, showing superior advantages in flexible electronics applications. Electrospinning is regarded as a powerful process for this 1D nanostructure; however, it can only be able to produce chaotic fibers that are incompatible with the well-patterned microstructures in flexible electronics. Electro-hydrodynamic (EHD) direct-writing technology enables large-scale deposition of highly aligned nanofibers in an additive, noncontact, real-time adjustment, and individual control manner on rigid or flexible, planar or curved substrates, making it rather attractive in the fabrication of flexible electronics. In this Review, the ground-breaking research progress in the field of EHD direct-writing technology is summarized, including a brief chronology of EHD direct-writing techniques, basic principles and alignment strategies, and applications in flexible electronics. Finally, future prospects are suggested to advance flexible electronics based on orderly arranged EHD direct-written fibers. This technology overcomes the limitations of the resolution of fabrication and viscosity of ink of conventional inkjet printing, and represents major advances in manufacturing of flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yajiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiangtao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhouping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong An Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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23
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Yang Z, Moffa M, Liu Y, Li H, Persano L, Camposeo A, Saija R, Iatì MA, Maragò OM, Pisignano D, Nam CY, Zussman E, Rafailovich M. Electrospun Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Hybrid Fibers: Photoactive Blends, Conductivity through Tunneling-AFM, Light Scattering, and Perspective for Their Use in Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:3058-3067. [PMID: 29449907 PMCID: PMC5808358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid conjugated polymer/fullerene filaments based on MEH-PPV/PVP/PCBM were prepared by electrospinning, and their properties were assessed by scanning electron, atomic and lateral-force, tunneling, and confocal microscopies, as well as by attenuated-total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence quantum yield, and spatially resolved fluorescence. Highlighted features include the ribbon shape of the realized fibers and the persistence of a network serving as a template for heterogeneous active layers in solar cell devices. A set of favorable characteristics is evidenced in this way in terms of homogeneous charge-transport behavior and formation of effective interfaces for diffusion and dissociation of photogenerated excitons. The interaction of the organic filaments with light, exhibiting specific light-scattering properties of the nanofibrous mat, might also contribute to spreading incident radiation across the active layers, thus potentially enhancing photovoltaic performance. This method might be applied to other electron donor-electron acceptor material systems for the fabrication of solar cell devices enhanced by nanofibrillar morphologies embedding conjugated polymers and fullerene compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, State
University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Maria Moffa
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ying Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, State
University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Hongfei Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, State
University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Luana Persano
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosalba Saija
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della
Terra, Università di Messina, viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres
31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Iatì
- CNR-IPCF,
Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 37, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Onofrio M. Maragò
- CNR-IPCF,
Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 37, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Chang-Yong Nam
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Eyal Zussman
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Miriam Rafailovich
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, State
University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
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24
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de Ruijter M, Hrynevich A, Haigh JN, Hochleitner G, Castilho M, Groll J, Malda J, Dalton PD. Out-of-Plane 3D-Printed Microfibers Improve the Shear Properties of Hydrogel Composites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:10.1002/smll.201702773. [PMID: 29239103 PMCID: PMC7116177 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
One challenge in biofabrication is to fabricate a matrix that is soft enough to elicit optimal cell behavior while possessing the strength required to withstand the mechanical load that the matrix is subjected to once implanted in the body. Here, melt electrowriting (MEW) is used to direct-write poly(ε-caprolactone) fibers "out-of-plane" by design. These out-of-plane fibers are specifically intended to stabilize an existing structure and subsequently improve the shear modulus of hydrogel-fiber composites. The stabilizing fibers (diameter = 13.3 ± 0.3 µm) are sinusoidally direct-written over an existing MEW wall-like structure (330 µm height). The printed constructs are embedded in different hydrogels (5, 10, and 15 wt% polyacrylamide; 65% poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)) and a frequency sweep test (0.05-500 rad s-1 , 0.01% strain, n = 5) is performed to measure the complex shear modulus. For the rheological measurements, stabilizing fibers are deposited with a radial-architecture prior to embedding to correspond to the direction of the stabilizing fibers with the loading of the rheometer. Stabilizing fibers increase the complex shear modulus irrespective of the percentage of gel or crosslinking density. The capacity of MEW to produce well-defined out-of-plane fibers and the ability to increase the shear properties of fiber-reinforced hydrogel composites are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène de Ruijter
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Hrynevich
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jodie N Haigh
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Hochleitner
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Lee Y, Oh JY, Kim TR, Gu X, Kim Y, Wang GJN, Wu HC, Pfattner R, To JWF, Katsumata T, Son D, Kang J, Matthews JR, Niu W, He M, Sinclair R, Cui Y, Tok JBH, Lee TW, Bao Z. Deformable Organic Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1704401. [PMID: 29315845 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Deformable electronic devices that are impervious to mechanical influence when mounted on surfaces of dynamically changing soft matters have great potential for next-generation implantable bioelectronic devices. Here, deformable field-effect transistors (FETs) composed of single organic nanowires (NWs) as the semiconductor are presented. The NWs are composed of fused thiophene diketopyrrolopyrrole based polymer semiconductor and high-molecular-weight polyethylene oxide as both the molecular binder and deformability enhancer. The obtained transistors show high field-effect mobility >8 cm2 V-1 s-1 with poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) polymer dielectric and can easily be deformed by applied strains (both 100% tensile and compressive strains). The electrical reliability and mechanical durability of the NWs can be significantly enhanced by forming serpentine-like structures of the NWs. Remarkably, the fully deformable NW FETs withstand 3D volume changes (>1700% and reverting back to original state) of a rubber balloon with constant current output, on the surface of which it is attached. The deformable transistors can robustly operate without noticeable degradation on a mechanically dynamic soft matter surface, e.g., a pulsating balloon (pulse rate: 40 min-1 (0.67 Hz) and 40% volume expansion) that mimics a beating heart, which underscores its potential for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jin Young Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Taeho Roy Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Yeongin Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ging-Ji Nathan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hung-Chin Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Raphael Pfattner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - John W F To
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Toru Katsumata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Donghee Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Weijun Niu
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, 14831, USA
| | - Mingqian He
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, 14831, USA
| | - Robert Sinclair
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeffery B-H Tok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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26
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Abstract
A comprehensive overview of organic semiconductor crystals is provided, including the physicochemical features, the control of crystallization and the device physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO)
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wenping Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
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27
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Ko HS, Lee Y, Min SY, Kwon SJ, Lee TW. Large-scale metal nanoelectrode arrays based on printed nanowire lithography for nanowire complementary inverters. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15766-15772. [PMID: 29019493 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06152h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire (NW) complementary inverters based on NW channels and NW electrodes are a promising core logic unit of future subminiature, high density and textile-type configured electronic circuits. However, existing approaches based on short NWs (<150 μm) or non-woven nanofibers cannot provide precisely-coordinated NW inverters due to the difficulty in the position and alignment control of each NW. In particular, the large-scale fabrication of highly-aligned metal nanoelectrode (NE) arrays with low resistivity is a challenging issue. Here, we developed large-scale-aligned AgNE arrays with very low resistivity by using printed NW lithography, and then demonstrated NW complementary inverters by combining with direct-printed organic semiconducting NWs. The width of the AgNEs was controlled from 250 to 1000 nm; their resistivity was 2.6 μΩ cm which is quite comparable with that of Ag films (1.6 μΩ cm). We expect that this approach will facilitate advances in the large-scale fabrication of nanoelectronics which will be compatible with printed electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seung Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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28
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Meng Y, Liu G, Liu A, Guo Z, Sun W, Shan F. Photochemical Activation of Electrospun In 2O 3 Nanofibers for High-Performance Electronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10805-10812. [PMID: 28264156 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun metal oxide nanofibers have been regarded as promising blocks for large-area, low-cost, and one-dimensional electronic devices. However, the electronic devices based on electrospun nanofibers usually suffer from poor performance and inferior viability. Here, we report an efficient photochemical process using UV light generated by a high-pressure mercury lamp to promote the electrical performance of the nanofiber-based electronic devices. Such UV treatment can lead to strong photochemical activation of electrospun nanofibers, and therefore, a stable adherent nanofiber network and electronic-clean interface were formed. By use of UV treatment, high-performance indium oxide (In2O3) nanofiber based field-effect transistors (FETs) with highly efficient modulation of electrical characteristics have been successfully fabricated. To reduce the operating voltage and further improve the device performance, the In2O3 nanofiber FETs based on solution-processed high-k AlOx dielectrics were integrated and investigated. The as-fabricated In2O3/AlOx FETs exhibit superior electrical performance, including a high mobility of 19.8 cm2 V-1 s-1, a large on/off current ratio of 106, and high stability over time and cycling. The improved performance of the UV-treated FETs was further confirmed by the integration of the electrospun In2O3/AlOx FETs into inverters. This work presents an important advance toward the practical applications of electrospun nanofibers for functional electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Meng
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guoxia Liu
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ao Liu
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zidong Guo
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fukai Shan
- College of Physics and College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
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29
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Yang HM, Kwon YK, Lee SB, Kim S, Hong K, Lee KH. Physically Cross-Linked Homopolymer Ion Gels for High Performance Electrolyte-Gated Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8813-8818. [PMID: 28155274 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new type of physically cross-linked solid polymer electrolyte was demonstrated by using a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) homopolymer in a room-temperature ionic liquid. The physical origins of gelation, specific capacitance, ionic conductivity, mechanical property, and capacitive charge modulation in organic thin-film electrochemical transistors were investigated systematically. Gelation occurs through bridging phase-separated homopolymer crystals by polymer chains in the composite electrolyte, thereby forming a rubbery network. The resulting homopolymer ion gels are able to accommodate both outstanding electrical (ionically conductive and capacitive) and mechanical (flexible and free-standing) characteristics of the component ionic liquid and the structuring polymer, respectively. These ion gels were successfully applied to organic thin-film transistors as high-capacitance gate dielectrics. Therefore, these results provide an effective route to generate a highly conductive rubbery polymer electrolyte that can be used in widespread electronic and electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kihyon Hong
- Surface Technology Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science , Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
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30
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Lee JS, Jun J, Cho S, Kim W, Jang J. Electrospun three-layered polymer nanofiber-based porous carbon nanotubes for high-capacity energy storage. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24870e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly porous carbon nanotubes are synthesized using dual-nozzle co-electrospinning of three polymer solutions and following heat treatment to apply energy storage device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seop Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Jaemoon Jun
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Sunghun Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 38541
- Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Korea
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31
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Flexible Textile-Based Organic Transistors Using Graphene/Ag Nanoparticle Electrode. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6080147. [PMID: 28335276 PMCID: PMC5224629 DOI: 10.3390/nano6080147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Highly flexible and electrically-conductive multifunctional textiles are desirable for use in wearable electronic applications. In this study, we fabricated multifunctional textile composites by vacuum filtration and wet-transfer of graphene oxide films on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) textile in association with embedding Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) to improve the electrical conductivity. A flexible organic transistor can be developed by direct transfer of a dielectric/semiconducting double layer on the graphene/AgNP textile composite, where the textile composite was used as both flexible substrate and conductive gate electrode. The thermal treatment of a textile-based transistor enhanced the electrical performance (mobility = 7.2 cm2·V−1·s−1, on/off current ratio = 4 × 105, and threshold voltage = −1.1 V) due to the improvement of interfacial properties between the conductive textile electrode and the ion-gel dielectric layer. Furthermore, the textile transistors exhibited highly stable device performance under extended bending conditions (with a bending radius down to 3 mm and repeated tests over 1000 cycles). We believe that our simple methods for the fabrication of graphene/AgNP textile composite for use in textile-type transistors can potentially be applied to the development of flexible large-area electronic clothes.
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32
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Kim H, Yoon J, Lee G, Paik SH, Choi G, Kim D, Kim BM, Zi G, Ha JS. Encapsulated, High-Performance, Stretchable Array of Stacked Planar Micro-Supercapacitors as Waterproof Wearable Energy Storage Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:16016-16025. [PMID: 27267316 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of an encapsulated, high-performance, stretchable array of stacked planar micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) as a wearable energy storage device for waterproof applications. A pair of planar all-solid-state MSCs with spray-coated multiwalled carbon nanotube electrodes and a drop-cast UV-patternable ion-gel electrolyte was fabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate film using serial connection to increase the operation voltage of the MSC. Additionally, multiple MSCs could be vertically stacked with parallel connections to increase both the total capacitance and the areal capacitance owing to the use of a solid-state patterned electrolyte. The overall device of five parallel-connected stacked MSCs, a microlight-emitting diode (μ-LED), and a switch was encapsulated in thin Ecoflex film so that the capacitance remained at 82% of its initial value even after 4 d in water; the μ-LED was lit without noticeable decrease in brightness under deformation including bending and stretching. Furthermore, an Ecoflex encapsulated oximeter wound around a finger was operated using the stored energy of the MSC array attached to the hand (even in water) to give information on arterial pulse rate and oxygen saturation in the blood. This study suggests potential applications of our encapsulated MSC array in wearable energy storage devices especially in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
| | - Jangyeol Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
| | - Geumbee Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Paik
- Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 136-703, Korea
| | - Gukgwon Choi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Daeil Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
| | - Beop-Min Kim
- Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 136-703, Korea
| | - Goangseup Zi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Jeong Sook Ha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , 5-1 Anam-dong, Seoul 13l-701, Korea
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33
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Park JH, Sun Q, Choi Y, Lee S, Lee DY, Kim YH, Cho JH. Wafer-Scale Microwire Transistor Array Fabricated via Evaporative Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15543-50. [PMID: 27228025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) nano/microwires have attracted significant attention as promising building blocks for various electronic and optical device applications. The integration of these elements into functional device networks with controlled alignment and density presents a significant challenge for practical device applications. Here, we demonstrated the fabrication of wafer-scale microwire field-effect transistor (FET) arrays based on well-aligned inorganic semiconductor microwires (indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO)) and organic polymeric insulator microwires fabricated via a simple and large-area evaporative assembly technique. This microwire fabrication method offers a facile approach to precisely manipulating the channel dimensions of the FETs. The resulting solution-processed monolithic IGZO microwire FETs exhibited a maximum electron mobility of 1.02 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and an on/off current ratio of 1 × 10(6). The appropriate choice of the polymeric microwires used to define the channel lengths enabled fine control over the threshold voltages of the devices, which were employed to fabricate high-performance depletion-load inverters. Low-voltage-operated microwire FETs were successfully fabricated on a plastic substrate using a high-capacitance ion gel gate dielectric. The microwire fabrication technique involving evaporative assembly provided a facile, effective, and reliable method for preparing flexible large-area electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qijun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (NCNST) , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, Korea
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34
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Kwak SH, Kwon SR, Baek S, Lim SM, Joo YC, Chung TD. Densely charged polyelectrolyte-stuffed nanochannel arrays for power generation from salinity gradient. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26416. [PMID: 27194475 PMCID: PMC4872233 DOI: 10.1038/srep26416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We devised anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) frame-supported polyelectrolytic ion-exchange membranes for the application of electrical power generation systems where salinity differences are present. A series of polyelectrolytic AAO membranes (PAMs) were fabricated as a function of concentration of monomers and cross-linkers. Of the ion-selective PAMs as made, the membranes from the most concentrated monomers and cross-linkers, C-PAM100 and A-PAM100, showed the highest area resistances and permselectivities (the resistances were 4.9 and 2.9 Ω · cm(2), the permseletivities for C-PAM100 and A-PAM100 were 99 and 89%, respectively). The measured resistances and permselectivities allowed the power density to be estimated for C-PAM100 and A-PAM100, 3.5 W/m(2), and experimentally obtained power density using a reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack was 17.3 mW/m(2). In addition, we investigated the influence of an AAO framework on a membrane resistance by comparing the PAMs with polyelectrolyte-stuffed capillaries, revealing that the resistance of the PAM has plenty of potential to be further reduced by optimizing the AAO pore spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hong Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung-Ryong Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seol Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young-Chang Joo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea
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35
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Moon HC, Kim CH, Lodge TP, Frisbie CD. Multicolored, Low-Power, Flexible Electrochromic Devices Based on Ion Gels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6252-60. [PMID: 26867428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ion gels composed of a copolymer and a room temperature ionic liquid are versatile solid-state electrolytes with excellent features including high ionic conductivity, nonvolatility, easily tunable mechanical properties, good flexibility and solution processability. Ion gels can be functionalized by incorporating redox-active species such as electrochemiluminescent (ECL) luminophores or electrochromic (EC) dyes. Here, we enhance the functionality of EC gels for realizing multicolored EC devices (ECDs), either by controlling the chemical equilibrium between a monomer and dimer of a colored EC species, or by modifying the molecular structures of the EC species. All devices in this work are conveniently fabricated by a "cut-and-stick" strategy, and require very low power for maintaining the colored state [i.e., 90 μW/cm(2) (113 μA/cm(2) at -0.8 V) for blue, 4 μW/cm(2) (10 μA/cm(2) at -0.4 V) for green, and 32 μW/cm(2) (79 μA/cm(2) at -0.4 V) for red ECD]. We also successfully demonstrate a patterned, multicolored, flexible ECD on plastic. Overall, these results suggest that gel-based ECDs have significant potential as low power displays in printed electronics powered by thin-film batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chul Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul , Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
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36
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Kim DH, Lee SJ, Lee SH, Myoung JM. Electrical properties of flexible multi-channel Si nanowire field-effect transistors depending on the number of Si nanowires. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6938-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01793b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to secure high drain current and mobility of Si NW-based FETs, flexible multi-channel Si NW FETs were designed and their reliable electrical and mechanical properties were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Myoung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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37
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Huang Y, Huang W, Yang J, Ma J, Chen M, Zhu H, Wang W. The synthesis, characterization and flexible OFET application of three (Z)-1,2-bis(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)ethane based copolymers. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Three (Z)-1,2-bis(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)ethane based copolymers were synthesized and applied in high performance flexible OFET devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Junwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Ji Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Moyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Haoyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Weizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
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38
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Lee Y, Shin M, Thiyagarajan K, Jeong U. Approaches to Stretchable Polymer Active Channels for Deformable Transistors. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Lee
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea 120-749
| | - Minkwan Shin
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea 120-749
| | - Kaliannan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH),
77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea 790-784
| | - Unyong Jeong
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH),
77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea 790-784
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39
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Yoon SS, Lee KE, Cha HJ, Seong DG, Um MK, Byun JH, Oh Y, Oh JH, Lee W, Lee JU. Highly Conductive Graphene/Ag Hybrid Fibers for Flexible Fiber-Type Transistors. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16366. [PMID: 26549711 PMCID: PMC4637867 DOI: 10.1038/srep16366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically robust, flexible, and electrically conductive textiles are highly suitable for use in wearable electronic applications. In this study, highly conductive and flexible graphene/Ag hybrid fibers were prepared and used as electrodes for planar and fiber-type transistors. The graphene/Ag hybrid fibers were fabricated by the wet-spinning/drawing of giant graphene oxide and subsequent functionalization with Ag nanoparticles. The graphene/Ag hybrid fibers exhibited record-high electrical conductivity of up to 15,800 S cm(-1). As the graphene/Ag hybrid fibers can be easily cut and placed onto flexible substrates by simply gluing or stitching, ion gel-gated planar transistors were fabricated by using the hybrid fibers as source, drain, and gate electrodes. Finally, fiber-type transistors were constructed by embedding the graphene/Ag hybrid fiber electrodes onto conventional polyurethane monofilaments, which exhibited excellent flexibility (highly bendable and rollable properties), high electrical performance (μh = 15.6 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), Ion/Ioff > 10(4)), and outstanding device performance stability (stable after 1,000 cycles of bending tests and being exposed for 30 days to ambient conditions). We believe that our simple methods for the fabrication of graphene/Ag hybrid fiber electrodes for use in fiber-type transistors can potentially be applied to the development all-organic wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Su Yoon
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Eun Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Cha
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gi Seong
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Kwang Um
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hyung Byun
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Oh
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonoh Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea Uk Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea.,Center for Carbon Resources Conversion, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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40
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Kim BJ, Hwang E, Kang MS, Cho JH. Electrolyte-gated graphene Schottky barrier transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:5875-5881. [PMID: 26315936 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new device architecture for flexible vertical Schottky barrier (SB) transistors and logic gates based on graphene-organic-semiconductor-metal heterostructures and ion gel gate dielectrics is demonstrated. The devices show well-behaved p- and n-type characteristics under low-voltage operation (<1 V), yielding high current densities (>100 mA cm(-2) ) and on/off current ratios (>10(3) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Joon Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Euyheon Hwang
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 156-743, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Cho
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
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41
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Nie B, Li R, Cao J, Brandt JD, Pan T. Flexible transparent iontronic film for interfacial capacitive pressure sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6055-62. [PMID: 26333011 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A flexible, transparent iontronic film is introduced as a thin-film capacitive sensing material for emerging wearable and health-monitoring applications. Utilizing the capacitive interface at the ionic-electronic contact, the iontronic film sensor offers a large unit-area capacitance (of 5.4 μF cm(-2) ) and an ultrahigh sensitivity (of 3.1 nF kPa(-1) ), which is a thousand times greater than that of traditional solid-state counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Nie
- Micro-Nano Innovations (MiNI) Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
| | - Ruya Li
- Micro-Nano Innovations (MiNI) Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
| | - Jennifer Cao
- Micro-Nano Innovations (MiNI) Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
| | - James D Brandt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Micro-Nano Innovations (MiNI) Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
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42
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Fasano V, Moffa M, Camposeo A, Persano L, Pisignano D. Controlled Atmosphere Electrospinning of Organic Nanofibers with Improved Light Emission and Waveguiding Properties. Macromolecules 2015; 48:7803-7809. [PMID: 26617419 PMCID: PMC4642216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Electrospinning
in controlled nitrogen atmosphere is developed
for the realization of active polymer nanofibers. Fibers electrospun
under controlled atmospheric conditions are found to be smoother and
more uniform than samples realized by conventional electrospinning
processes performed in air. In addition, they exhibit peculiar composition,
incorporating a greatly reduced oxygen content during manufacturing,
which favors enhanced optical properties and increases emission quantum
yield. Active waveguides with optical losses coefficients lowered
by 10 times with respect to fibers spun in air are demonstrated through
this method. These findings make the process very promising for the
highly controlled production of active polymer nanostructures for
photonics, electronics and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Fasano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Moffa
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT) , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT) , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luana Persano
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT) , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy ; Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT) , via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
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43
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Controllable Direct-Writing of Serpentine Micro/Nano Structures via Low Voltage Electrospinning. Polymers (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7081471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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44
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Cho K, Lee HJ, Han SW, Min JH, Park H, Koh W. Multi‐Compartmental Hydrogel Microparticles Fabricated by Combination of Sequential Electrospinning and Photopatterning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11511-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanghee Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemoon‐gu, Seoul 120‐749 (South Korea)
| | - Hyun Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemoon‐gu, Seoul 120‐749 (South Korea)
| | - Sang Won Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemoon‐gu, Seoul 120‐749 (South Korea)
| | - Ji Hong Min
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemoon‐gu, Seoul 120‐749 (South Korea)
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung‐Ang University, 84 Heukseok‐ro, Dongjak‐gu, Seoul 156‐756 (South Korea)
| | - Won‐Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemoon‐gu, Seoul 120‐749 (South Korea)
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45
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Cho K, Lee HJ, Han SW, Min JH, Park H, Koh WG. Multi-Compartmental Hydrogel Microparticles Fabricated by Combination of Sequential Electrospinning and Photopatterning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Oh G, Kim JS, Jeon JH, Won E, Son JW, Lee DH, Kim CK, Jang J, Lee T, Park BH. Graphene/Pentacene Barristor with Ion-Gel Gate Dielectric: Flexible Ambipolar Transistor with High Mobility and On/Off Ratio. ACS NANO 2015; 9:7515-7522. [PMID: 26083550 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-quality channel layer is required for next-generation flexible electronic devices. Graphene is a good candidate due to its high carrier mobility and unique ambipolar transport characteristics but typically shows a low on/off ratio caused by gapless band structure. Popularly investigated organic semiconductors, such as pentacene, suffer from poor carrier mobility. Here, we propose a graphene/pentacene channel layer with high-k ion-gel gate dielectric. The graphene/pentacene device shows both high on/off ratio and carrier mobility as well as excellent mechanical flexibility. Most importantly, it reveals ambipolar behaviors and related negative differential resistance, which are controlled by external bias. Therefore, our graphene/pentacene barristor with ion-gel gate dielectric can offer various flexible device applications with high performances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jingon Jang
- ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Takhee Lee
- ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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47
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Kim HC, Kim H, Lee JU, Lee HB, Choi DH, Lee JH, Lee WH, Jhang SH, Park BH, Cheong H, Lee SW, Chung HJ. Engineering Optical and Electronic Properties of WS2 by Varying the Number of Layers. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6854-60. [PMID: 26143940 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The optical constants, bandgaps, and band alignments of mono-, bi-, and trilayer WS2 were experimentally measured, and an extraordinarily high dependency on the number of layers was revealed. The refractive indices and extinction coefficients were extracted from the optical-contrast oscillation for various thicknesses of SiO2 on a Si substrate. The bandgaps of the few-layer WS2 were both optically and electrically measured, indicating high exciton-binding energies. The Schottky-barrier heights (SBHs) with Au/Cr contact were also extracted, depending on the number of layers (1-28). From an engineering viewpoint, the bandgap can be modulated from 3.49 to 2.71 eV with additional layers. The SBH can also be reduced from 0.37 eV for a monolayer to 0.17 eV for 28 layers. The technique of engineering materials' properties by modulating the number of layers opens pathways uniquely adaptable to transition-metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Cheol Kim
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Hakseong Kim
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Jae-Ung Lee
- §Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Lee
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Doo-Hua Choi
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Wi Hyoung Lee
- ‡Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Jhang
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Bae Ho Park
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Cheong
- §Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Lee
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Chung
- †Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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48
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Richard-Lacroix M, Pellerin C. Orientation and Partial Disentanglement in Individual Electrospun Fibers: Diameter Dependence and Correlation with Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Richard-Lacroix
- Département de chimie
and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christian Pellerin
- Département de chimie
and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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49
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Montinaro M, Fasano V, Moffa M, Camposeo A, Persano L, Lauricella M, Succi S, Pisignano D. Sub-ms dynamics of the instability onset of electrospinning. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3424-3431. [PMID: 25855945 PMCID: PMC4407521 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02708f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun polymer jets are imaged for the first time at an ultra-high rate of 10,000 frames per second, investigating the process dynamics, and the instability propagation velocity and displacement in space. The polymer concentration, applied voltage bias and needle-collector distance are systematically varied, and their influence on the instability propagation velocity and on the jet angular fluctuations is analyzed. This allows us to unveil the instability formation and cycling behavior, and its exponential growth at the onset, exhibiting radial growth rates of the order of 10(3) s(-1). Allowing the conformation and evolution of polymeric solutions to be studied in depth, high-speed imaging at the sub-ms scale shows significant potential for improving the fundamental knowledge of electrified jets, leading to finely controllable bending and solution stretching in electrospinning, and consequently better designed nanofiber morphologies and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Montinaro
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi” , Università del Salento , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy .
| | - Vito Fasano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi” , Università del Salento , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy .
| | - Maria Moffa
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Luana Persano
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Marco Lauricella
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo CNR , Via dei Taurini 19 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Sauro Succi
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo CNR , Via dei Taurini 19 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi” , Università del Salento , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy .
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
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50
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Persano L, Camposeo A, Pisignano D. Active polymer nanofibers for photonics, electronics, energy generation and micromechanics. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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