1
|
Iqbal M, Abrar M, Iqbal T, Ahmed I, Sayed MA, El-Rehim AFA, Ali AM. Plasmonic-based Solar Cell: Geometrical Optimization of 1D-nanostructured Grating for Enhanced Efficiency. PLASMONICS 2022; 17:2491-2520. [DOI: 10.1007/s11468-022-01717-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
2
|
Merkel M, Imbrock J, Denz C. Diffraction-optimized aperiodic surface structures for enhanced current density in organic solar cells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:36678-36690. [PMID: 36258591 DOI: 10.1364/oe.465177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel diffractive surface structures are designed, evaluated, and optimized to achieve a significant increase in current density in organic solar cells. The surface relief phase gratings are patterned based on concentric rings, a Fermat's spiral, and an Archimedean spiral, respectively, and thus diffract incident light independent of its azimuthal angle, as they all exhibit circularly symmetric diffraction patterns. The grating pillars are arranged on the rings or spirals according to periodic or deterministic aperiodic Thue-Morse and Rudin-Shapiro sequences, tailoring the desired diffraction patterns. After evaluating the surface patterns against each other and further parameter optimization, a final current density enhancement of 5 % is achieved for one of the most promising patterns, the Thue-Morse sequence on an Archimedean spiral.
Collapse
|
3
|
Pang C, Li R, Dong N, Li Z, Wang J, Ren F, Chen F. Plasmonic core-shell nano-heterostructures with temperature-dependent optical nonlinearity. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22995-23002. [PMID: 33241823 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05176d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonics in bimetallic heterostructures have emerged as powerful tools for tunable ultrafast dynamics in nonlinear optical responses. Despite numerous studies on the mechanism of nonlinearity tailoring with various influence factors, so far, a fundamental investigation of temperature-controlled nonlinearity modulation remains blank in heterostructure systems. Here, we report on the fabrication of embedded Y@Ag/AgY core-shell nanostructures (CSNs) in fused silica for tunable nonlinearity with a laser-intensity-dependent temperature switch. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in CSNs is substantially modified, resulting in the reconstruction of near field intensity for spatial temperature manipulation. In addition, the size effect and incident intensity dependence on the temperature of CSNs reveal improved laser tolerance with laser intensity threshold increased by 5.7 times. These results provide additional strategies for photothermal-effect-controlled nonlinearity modification in bimetallic heterostructures and unlock the potential for temperature-sensitive photonic devices under extreme conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Pang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nanostructured Color Filters: A Review of Recent Developments. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081554. [PMID: 32784749 PMCID: PMC7466596 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Color plays an important role in human life: without it life would be dull and monochromatic. Printing color with distinct characteristics, like hue, brightness and saturation, and high resolution, are the main characteristic of image sensing devices. A flexible design of color filter is also desired for angle insensitivity and independence of direction of polarization of incident light. Furthermore, it is important that the designed filter be compatible with the image sensing devices in terms of technology and size. Therefore, color filter requires special care in its design, operation and integration. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of nanostructured color filter designs described to date and evaluate them in terms of their performance.
Collapse
|
5
|
Phetsang S, Nootchanat S, Lertvachirapaiboon C, Ishikawa R, Shinbo K, Kato K, Mungkornasawakul P, Ounnunkad K, Baba A. Enhancement of organic solar cell performance by incorporating gold quantum dots (AuQDs) on a plasmonic grating. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2950-2957. [PMID: 36132386 PMCID: PMC9419240 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00169d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of metallic nanoobjects into devices allows to increase light harvesting, which increases the device performance. In this study, we used a combination of gold quantum dots and grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance (GCSPR) to improve the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) with a poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) photoactive layer. Gold quantum dots with a green fluorescent color (green-AuQD) were loaded into a hole transport layer (HTL) aiming to harvest photons in the UV region and emit visible light into the neighboring photoactive layer. Meanwhile, plasmonic grating structures, which were created on the photoactive layer surfaces via the nanoimprinting technique, provided an enhancement effect through light scattering and GCSPR. Thus, an excellent enhancement of OSC efficiency with a significant increase in short circuit photocurrent (J SC) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) in comparison to that of the reference cell was achieved. The fabricated device provides a J SC value as high as 8.41 mA cm-2 (a 14.11% enhancement) and a PCE value of 3.91% (a 19.57% enhancement). The systematic study clearly reveals that the remarkable enhancement of OSC efficiency is achieved by incorporating both AuQD and plasmonic grating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopit Phetsang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Supeera Nootchanat
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Ryousuke Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Kazunari Shinbo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Keizo Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Akira Baba
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shen T, Tan Q, Dai Z, Padture NP, Pacifici D. Arrays of Plasmonic Nanostructures for Absorption Enhancement in Perovskite Thin Films. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071342. [PMID: 32660111 PMCID: PMC7408564 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report optical characterization and theoretical simulation of plasmon enhanced methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ) thin-film perovskite solar cells. Specifically, various nanohole (NH) and nanodisk (ND) arrays are fabricated on gold/MAPbI 3 interfaces. Significant absorption enhancement is observed experimentally in 75 nm and 110 nm-thick perovskite films. As a result of increased light scattering by plasmonic concentrators, the original Fabry-Pérot thin-film cavity effects are suppressed in specific structures. However, thanks to field enhancement caused by plasmonic resonances and in-plane interference of propagating surface plasmon polaritons, the calculated overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell is expected to increase by up to 45.5%, compared to its flat counterpart. The role of different geometry parameters of the nanostructure arrays is further investigated using three dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, which makes it possible to identify the physical origin of the absorption enhancement as a function of wavelength and design parameters. These findings demonstrate the potential of plasmonic nanostructures in further enhancing the performance of photovoltaic devices based on thin-film perovskites.
Collapse
|
7
|
Elshorbagy MH, López-Fraguas E, Chaudhry FA, Sánchez-Pena JM, Vergaz R, García-Cámara B. A monolithic nanostructured-perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell: feasibility of light management through geometry and materials selection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2271. [PMID: 32041982 PMCID: PMC7010828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58978-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of several layers of different materials, taking advantage of their complementary bandgap energies, improves the absorption in multi-junction solar cells. Unfortunately, the inherent efficiency increment of this strategy has a limitation: each interface introduces optical losses. In this paper, we study the effects of materials and geometry in the optical performance of a nanostructured hybrid perovskite - silicon tandem solar cell. Our proposed design increases the performance of both subcells by managing light towards the active layer, as well as by minimizing reflections losses in the interfaces. We sweep both refractive index and thickness of the transport layers and the dielectric spacer composing the metasurface, obtaining a range of these parameters for the proper operation of the device. Using these values, we obtain a reduction in the optical losses, in particular they are more than a 33% lower than those of a planar cell, mainly due to a reduction of the reflectivity in the device. This approach leads to an enhancement in the optical response, widens the possibilities for the manufacturers to use different materials, and allows wide geometrical tolerances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H Elshorbagy
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, 61519, El-Minya, Egypt
| | - Eduardo López-Fraguas
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fateh A Chaudhry
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Sánchez-Pena
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Vergaz
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Braulio García-Cámara
- GDAF-UC3M, Department Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avda. Universidad, 30. Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hazra M, Datta J. Optimal Blending of PbSe and CdSe in Polycrystalline PbCdSe Nanocomposite Film: Improved Carrier Multiplication and Enhanced Photoconversion Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:40393-40405. [PMID: 31589017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work reports galvanostatic electro-co-deposition of n-PbCdSe semiconductor (SC) films on FTO substrate from the respective precursors. Self-designed matrices were formulated at variable concentrations of Pb2+ in the deposition medium. The semiconductor films constitute an intermixed structure of close-packed PbSe and CdSe nanoparticles (NPs), and the band gap (Eg) was effectively tuned in the range 0.99-1.47 eV for the variable compositions. Energy dispersive spectroscopy studies revealed that Cd exists in low level in the film matrix compared to Pb, presumably due to competitive deposition kinetics of the two chalcogenide compounds and the crystallite sizes determined from XRD studies, ranges between 15 and 12 nm, which corresponds to the size quenching of SC-NPs with increased Pb2+ concentration. The durability studies identify the most stable film developed at 0.025 M Pb2+ concentration. PbSe materials are typically characterized with impact ionization which effectively induces carrier multiplication (CM) in the quasi Type-II PbCdSe composite, exhibiting reasonably high photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.14% with current output of 19.2 mA cm-2 for the optimal PbCdSe film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Hazra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , Howrah 711 103 , India
- Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Research Centre , Heritage Institute of Technology , Kolkata 700 107 , India
| | - Jayati Datta
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , Howrah 711 103 , India
- Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Research Centre , Heritage Institute of Technology , Kolkata 700 107 , India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen W, Lin Z, Zhang Y, George TF, Li S. Breaking of lattice potential well-induced confinement of carriers in conjugated polymers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:23476-23485. [PMID: 31510624 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental research has reported that a surface electric field on the polymer solar cell can restrain the recombination of the resultant charged carriers [23]. Based on this, this article reveals an underlying mechanism: If a surface electric field below 4.5 × 104 V/cm is applied to the polymer layer, the electric field drives the charged polaron to transport. Once the polaron approaches and collides with the exciton, it is easily trapped by the potential well produced by the exciton and then forms a charged exciton. The decay of the resultant charged exciton rapidly reduces the number of excitons. However, once the external field surpasses the threshold value of 4.5 × 104 V/cm, the charged polaron absorbs momentum from the external electric field and shakes off the trapping of the exciton. It finally steps out of the original lattice potential well, where the appropriate electric field magnitude ranges from 5.5 × 104 V/cm to 8 × 105 V/cm. After a collision of 300 fs, apart from a phase shift, the exciton still exists. Then, the originally carriers is dissociated when the electric field reaches 0.8 MV/cm. The applied surface field is able to effectively keep the excitons from fusion with the transporting charged polarons, which provides a valid and easily manufactured approach to yield higher efficiency of polymer solar cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Phetsang S, Phengdaam A, Lertvachirapaiboon C, Ishikawa R, Shinbo K, Kato K, Mungkornasawakul P, Ounnunkad K, Baba A. Investigation of a gold quantum dot/plasmonic gold nanoparticle system for improvement of organic solar cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:792-798. [PMID: 36132251 PMCID: PMC9473205 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00119g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Light management allows enhancement of light harvesting in organic solar cells (OSCs). In this paper, we describe the investigation of OSCs enhanced by the synergistic effect of gold quantum dots (AuQDs) and localized surface plasmons, obtained by blending a AuQD layer and plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a hole-transport layer (HTL). Different AuQDs emitting blue, green, and red fluorescence were examined in this study. The OSCs were demonstrated to comprise an ITO-coated glass substrate/AuQDs/PEDOT:PSS:AuNPs/P3HT:PCBM/Al structure. The UV-visible spectra, current density versus voltage characteristics, impedance spectra, and incident photon-to-current efficiency of the fabricated devices were evaluated. The results showed an enhancement of photovoltaic efficiency achieved as a result of the increase in short-circuit current density (J sc) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) in comparison with those of the reference OSCs. The best synergistic effect was found with OSCs consisting of a green-emitting AuQD layer and a HTL containing AuNPs, resulting in the highest improvement in PCE of 13.0%. This indicated that the increase in light harvesting in the developed devices was induced by extended light absorption in the UV region resulting from absorption by the AuQD layer and emission of visible fluorescence from the AuQD layer to the photoactive layers. Moreover, the localized surface plasmon effect of AuNPs, which also contributed to an increase in light trapping in the proposed OSCs, was enhanced by the effect of the AuQDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopit Phetsang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Apichat Phengdaam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkla 90110 Thailand
| | - Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Ryousuke Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Kazunari Shinbo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Keizo Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Akira Baba
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Improving the performance through SPR effect by employing Au@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles incorporated TiO2 scaffold in efficient hole transport material free perovskite solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Hsu SW, Rodarte AL, Som M, Arya G, Tao AR. Colloidal Plasmonic Nanocomposites: From Fabrication to Optical Function. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3100-3120. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Wen Hsu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0448, La Jolla, California 92039-0448, United States
| | - Andrea L. Rodarte
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0448, La Jolla, California 92039-0448, United States
| | - Madhura Som
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0448, La Jolla, California 92039-0448, United States
| | - Gaurav Arya
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0448, La Jolla, California 92039-0448, United States
| | - Andrea R. Tao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0448, La Jolla, California 92039-0448, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Plasmonic substrates for surface enhanced Raman scattering. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 984:19-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
14
|
Zhao D, Niu L, Wang L. Plasmon enhanced heterogeneous electron transfer with continuous band energy model. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
Sukham J, Takayama O, Lavrinenko AV, Malureanu R. High-Quality Ultrathin Gold Layers with an APTMS Adhesion for Optimal Performance of Surface Plasmon Polariton-Based Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25049-25056. [PMID: 28682054 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A low-absorption adhesion layer plays a crucial role for both localized and propagating surface plasmons when ultrathin gold is used. To date, the most popular adhesion layers are metallic, namely, Cr and Ti. However, to the best of our knowledge, the influence of these adhesion layers on the behavior of propagating plasmon modes has not been thoroughly investigated nor reported in the literature. It is therefore important to study the effect of these few- to several-nanometers-thick adhesion layers on the propagating plasmons because it may affect the performance of plasmonic devices, in particular, when the Au layer is not much thicker than the adhesion layers. We experimentally compared the performances of the ultrathin gold films to show the pivotal influence of adhesion layers on highly confined propagating plasmonic modes, using Cr and 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) adhesion layers and without any adhesion layer. We show that the gold films with the APTMS adhesion layer have the lowest surface roughness and the short-range surface plasmon polaritons supported on the Au surface exhibit properties close to the theoretical calculations, considering an ideal gold film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Sukham
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads, Building 345V, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - O Takayama
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads, Building 345V, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A V Lavrinenko
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads, Building 345V, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R Malureanu
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads, Building 345V, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- National Centre for Micro- and Nano-Fabrication, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads, Building 347, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kosei Ueno
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tomoya Oshikiri
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Xu Shi
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
You J, Takahashi Y, Leonard K, Yonemura H, Yamada S. Influence of space arrangement of silver nanoparticles in organic photoelectric conversion devices. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
18
|
Jang YH, Jang YJ, Kim S, Quan LN, Chung K, Kim DH. Plasmonic Solar Cells: From Rational Design to Mechanism Overview. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14982-15034. [PMID: 28027647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic effects have been proposed as a solution to overcome the limited light absorption in thin-film photovoltaic devices, and various types of plasmonic solar cells have been developed. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art progress on the design and fabrication of plasmonic solar cells and their enhancement mechanism. The working principle is first addressed in terms of the combined effects of plasmon decay, scattering, near-field enhancement, and plasmonic energy transfer, including direct hot electron transfer and resonant energy transfer. Then, we summarize recent developments for various types of plasmonic solar cells based on silicon, dye-sensitized, organic photovoltaic, and other types of solar cells, including quantum dot and perovskite variants. We also address several issues regarding the limitations of plasmonic nanostructures, including their electrical, chemical, and physical stability, charge recombination, narrowband absorption, and high cost. Next, we propose a few potentially useful approaches that can improve the performance of plasmonic cells, such as the inclusion of graphene plasmonics, plasmon-upconversion coupling, and coupling between fluorescence resonance energy transfer and plasmon resonance energy transfer. This review is concluded with remarks on future prospects for plasmonic solar cell use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Na Quan
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwha Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oh Y, Lim JW, Kim JG, Wang H, Kang BH, Park YW, Kim H, Jang YJ, Kim J, Kim DH, Ju BK. Plasmonic Periodic Nanodot Arrays via Laser Interference Lithography for Organic Photovoltaic Cells with >10% Efficiency. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10143-10151. [PMID: 27809471 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a viable and promising optical engineering technique enabling the development of high-performance plasmonic organic photovoltaic devices. Laser interference lithography was explored to fabricate metal nanodot (MND) arrays with elaborately controlled dot size as well as periodicity, allowing spectral overlap between the absorption range of the active layers and the surface plasmon band of MND arrays. MND arrays with ∼91 nm dot size and ∼202 nm periodicity embedded in a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) hole transport layer remarkably enhanced the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 7.52% up to 10.11%, representing one of the highest PCE and degree of enhancement (∼34.4%) levels compared to the pristine device among plasmonic organic photovoltaics reported to date. The plasmonic enhancement mechanism was investigated by both optical and electrical analyses using finite difference time domain simulation and conductive atomic force microscopy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ju Won Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Huan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Heejun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ren X, Cheng J, Zhang S, Li X, Rao T, Huo L, Hou J, Choy WCH. High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Achieved by the Simultaneous Plasmon-Optical and Plasmon-Electrical Effects from Plasmonic Asymmetric Modes of Gold Nanostars. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:5200-5207. [PMID: 27487460 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The plasmon-optical effects have been utilized to optically enhance active layer absorption in organic solar cells (OSCs). The exploited plasmonic resonances of metal nanomaterials are typically from the fundamental dipole/high-order modes with narrow spectral widths for regional OSC absorption improvement. The conventional broadband absorption enhancement (using plasmonic effects) needs linear-superposition of plasmonic resonances. In this work, through strategic incorporation of gold nanostars (Au NSs) in between hole transport layer (HTL) and active layer, the excited plasmonic asymmetric modes offer a new approach toward broadband enhancement. Remarkably, the improvement is explained by energy transfer of plasmonic asymmetric modes of Au NS. In more detail, after incorporation of Au NSs, the optical power in electron transport layer transfers to active layer for improving OSC absorption, which otherwise will become dissipation or leakage as the role of carrier transport layer is not for photon-absorption induced carrier generation. Moreover, Au NSs simultaneously deliver plasmon-electrical effects which shorten transport path length of the typically low-mobility holes and lengthen that of high-mobility electrons for better balanced carrier collection. Meanwhile, the resistance of HTL is reduced by Au NSs. Consequently, power conversion efficiency of 10.5% has been achieved through cooperatively plasmon-optical and plasmon-electrical effects of Au NSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinchen Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, P. R. China
| | - Tingke Rao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ho NT, Tien HN, Jang SJ, Senthilkumar V, Park YC, Cho S, Kim YS. Enhancement of recombination process using silver and graphene quantum dot embedded intermediate layer for efficient organic tandem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30327. [PMID: 27453530 PMCID: PMC4958952 DOI: 10.1038/srep30327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High performance of organic tandem solar cell is largely dependent on transparent and conductive intermediate layer (IML). The current work reports the design and fabrication of an IML using a simple solution process. The efficiency of a homo-tandem device with poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester as an active layer and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/poly(ethylenimine) as an IML was initially found to be 3.40%. Further enhancement of the cell efficiency was achieved using silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) of different sizes and graphene quantum dot embedded IML. A maximum efficiency of 4.03% was achieved using 7 nm Ag-NPs that contribute to a better recombination process. Also, the performance of the tandem cell was solely based on the electrical improvements indicated by the current - voltage measurements, external quantum efficiency and impedance analysis. The use of Ag-NPs in the IML has been shown to lengthen the life time of electron-hole pairs in the device. This study thus paves way to develop such efficient IMLs for more efficient tandem solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Thuy Ho
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, S. Korea
| | - Huynh Ngoc Tien
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Se-Joeng Jang
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, S. Korea
| | - Velusamy Senthilkumar
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, S. Korea
| | - Yun Chang Park
- Measurement and Analysis Division, National Nanofab Center, Daejeon 34141, S. Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, S. Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, S. Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ou QD, Li YQ, Tang JX. Light Manipulation in Organic Photovoltaics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1600123. [PMID: 27840805 PMCID: PMC5096050 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) hold great promise for next-generation photovoltaics in renewable energy because of the potential to realize low-cost mass production via large-area roll-to-roll printing technologies on flexible substrates. To achieve high-efficiency OPVs, one key issue is to overcome the insufficient photon absorption in organic photoactive layers, since their low carrier mobility limits the film thickness for minimized charge recombination loss. To solve the inherent trade-off between photon absorption and charge transport in OPVs, the optical manipulation of light with novel micro/nano-structures has become an increasingly popular strategy to boost the light harvesting efficiency. In this Review, we make an attempt to capture the recent advances in this area. A survey of light trapping schemes implemented to various functional components and interfaces in OPVs is given and discussed from the viewpoint of plasmonic and photonic resonances, addressing the external antireflection coatings, substrate geometry-induced trapping, the role of electrode design in optical enhancement, as well as optically modifying charge extraction and photoactive layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Dong Ou
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Tang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pangdam A, Nootchanat S, Ishikawa R, Shinbo K, Kato K, Kaneko F, Thammacharoen C, Ekgasit S, Baba A. Effect of urchin-like gold nanoparticles in organic thin-film solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:18500-6. [PMID: 27338656 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02373h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study, urchin-like gold nanoparticles (UL-AuNPs) are used in the fabrication of organic thin-film solar cells (OSCs). UL-AuNPs, which have gold nanothorns on their surface, enhance light accumulation by acting as light-trapping materials. This is due to the enhanced electric field and light scattering attributed to the nanothorns on the surface of the nanoparticles. UL-AuNPs were incorporated into a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) thin-film layer of organic thin-film solar cells (OSCs). UV-vis spectra, atomic force microscopy (AFM) images, current density versus voltage properties, and the impedance spectra of the fabricated devices were recorded at various concentrations of UL-AuNPs. We found that the efficiency of the OSCs with UL-AuNPs was not only higher than that of a reference cell without nanoparticles but also higher than that of OSCs with spherical AuNPs. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation indicated that the electric field around the UL-AuNPs increased due to the presence of nanothorns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apichat Pangdam
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-nocho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee YK, Choi H, Lee H, Lee C, Choi JS, Choi CG, Hwang E, Park JY. Hot carrier multiplication on graphene/TiO2 Schottky nanodiodes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27549. [PMID: 27271245 PMCID: PMC4897609 DOI: 10.1038/srep27549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrier multiplication (i.e. generation of multiple electron-hole pairs from a single high-energy electron, CM) in graphene has been extensively studied both theoretically and experimentally, but direct application of hot carrier multiplication in graphene has not been reported. Here, taking advantage of efficient CM in graphene, we fabricated graphene/TiO2 Schottky nanodiodes and found CM-driven enhancement of quantum efficiency. The unusual photocurrent behavior was observed and directly compared with Fowler's law for photoemission on metals. The Fowler's law exponent for the graphene-based nanodiode is almost twice that of a thin gold film based diode; the graphene-based nanodiode also has a weak dependence on light intensity-both are significant evidence for CM in graphene. Furthermore, doping in graphene significantly modifies the quantum efficiency by changing the Schottky barrier. The CM phenomenon observed on the graphene/TiO2 nanodiodes can lead to intriguing applications of viable graphene-based light harvesting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Keun Lee
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Hongkyw Choi
- Creative Research Center for Graphene Electronics, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Lee
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Changhwan Lee
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Jin Sik Choi
- Creative Research Center for Graphene Electronics, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gi Choi
- Creative Research Center for Graphene Electronics, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Euyheon Hwang
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nanopatterned bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic cells using polyurethane acrylate (PUA) film replica of colloidal crystal arrays via stamping transfer process. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
26
|
Cai B, Li X, Zhang Y, Jia B. Significant light absorption enhancement in silicon thin film tandem solar cells with metallic nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:195401. [PMID: 27040376 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/19/195401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the light absorption in microcrystalline silicon bottom cell of a silicon-based tandem solar cell for photocurrent matching holds the key to achieving the overall solar cell performance breakthroughs. Here, we present a concept for significantly improving the absorption of both subcells simultaneously by simply applying tailored metallic nanoparticles both on the top and at the rear surfaces of the solar cells. Significant light absorption enhancement as large as 56% has been achieved in the bottom subcells. More importantly the thickness of the microcrystalline layer can be reduced by 57% without compromising the optical performance of the tandem solar cell, providing a cost-effective strategy for high performance tandem solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Cai
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xiong Q, Wei J, Mahpeykar SM, Meng L, Wang X. Observation of localized surface plasmons and hybridized surface plasmon polaritons on self-assembled two-dimensional nanocavities. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:1506-1509. [PMID: 27192273 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.001506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Large-area patterning of periodic nanostructures using self-assembled nanospheres is of interest for fabricating low-cost plasmonic substrates, such as two-dimensional (2D) metallic gratings. Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excited on metallic gratings have applications in biosensors, thin-film photovoltaics, photoelectrochemical cells, and photodetectors. Here we fabricated large-area metallic gratings using nanosphere lithography, and the geometry of gratings was controlled by the sphere size and distance between nanospheres. Both forward and backward propagating SPPs were observed using the grating coupling geometry. Furthermore, we reported the first observation of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) on this large-area metallic grating by both simulation and experimental studies. Such an LSP mode was confined in the 2D nanocavities and was not supported by dielectric gratings with the same 2D geometry.
Collapse
|
28
|
Luo G, Ren X, Zhang S, Wu H, Choy WCH, He Z, Cao Y. Recent Advances in Organic Photovoltaics: Device Structure and Optical Engineering Optimization on the Nanoscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1547-1571. [PMID: 26856789 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, which can directly convert absorbed sunlight to electricity, are stacked thin films of tens to hundreds of nanometers. They have emerged as a promising candidate for affordable, clean, and renewable energy. In the past few years, a rapid increase has been seen in the power conversion efficiency of OPV devices toward 10% and above, through comprehensive optimizations via novel photoactive donor and acceptor materials, control of thin-film morphology on the nanoscale, device structure developments, and interfacial and optical engineering. The intrinsic problems of short exciton diffusion length and low carrier mobility in organic semiconductors creates a challenge for OPV designs for achieving optically thick and electrically thin device structures to achieve sufficient light absorption and efficient electron/hole extraction. Recent advances in the field of OPV devices are reviewed, with a focus on the progress in device architecture and optical engineering approaches that lead to improved electrical and optical characteristics in OPV devices. Successful strategies are highlighted for light wave distribution, modulation, and absorption promotion inside the active layer of OPV devices by incorporating periodic nanopatterns/nanostructures or incorporating metallic nanomaterials and nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Luo
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Xingang Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu D, Yang D, Gao Y, Ma J, Long R, Wang C, Xiong Y. Flexible Near-Infrared Photovoltaic Devices Based on Plasmonic Hot-Electron Injection into Silicon Nanowire Arrays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4577-81. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu D, Yang D, Gao Y, Ma J, Long R, Wang C, Xiong Y. Flexible Near-Infrared Photovoltaic Devices Based on Plasmonic Hot-Electron Injection into Silicon Nanowire Arrays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei Science Center (CAS); School of Chemistry and Materials Science and; USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee CJ, Choi AY, Choi C, Sim HJ, Kim SJ, Kim YT. Triboelectric generator for wearable devices fabricated using a casting method. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21749k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We fabricate an efficient triboelectric generator (TEG) using inexpensive materials that are readily available in our surroundings. By casting PDMS, we perform micropatterning on the surface of sandpaper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Jun Lee
- IT Fusion Technology Research Center and Department of IT Fusion Technology
- Chosun University
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - A. Young Choi
- IT Fusion Technology Research Center and Department of IT Fusion Technology
- Chosun University
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - Changsoon Choi
- Center for Bio-Artificial Muscle and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Sim
- Center for Bio-Artificial Muscle and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Seon Jeong Kim
- Center for Bio-Artificial Muscle and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Youn Tae Kim
- IT Fusion Technology Research Center and Department of IT Fusion Technology
- Chosun University
- Gwangju
- Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
da Silva WJ, Schneider FK, Yusoff ARBM, Jang J. High performance polymer tandem solar cell. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18090. [PMID: 26669577 PMCID: PMC4680961 DOI: 10.1038/srep18090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A power conversion efficiency of 9.02% is obtained for a fully solution-processed polymer tandem solar cell, based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole unit polymer as a low bandgap photoactive material in the rear subcell, in conjunction with a new robust interconnecting layer. This interconnecting layer is optically transparent, electrically conductive, and physically strong, thus, the charges can be collected and recombined in the interconnecting layer under illumination, while the charge is generated and extracted under dark conditions. This indicates that careful interface engineering of the charge-carrier transport layer is a useful approach to further improve the performance of polymer tandem solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Jose da Silva
- Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana, GPGEI - Av. Sete de Setembro, 3165 - CEP 80230-901 - Curitiba, Parana, Brasil
| | - Fabio Kurt Schneider
- Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana, GPGEI - Av. Sete de Setembro, 3165 - CEP 80230-901 - Curitiba, Parana, Brasil
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Information, Display and Advanced Display Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul, 130-171 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Jang
- Department of Information, Display and Advanced Display Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul, 130-171 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li MY, Sui M, Pandey P, Zhang Q, Kim ES, Lee J. Systematic Control of Self-Assembled Au Nanoparticles and Nanostructures Through the Variation of Deposition Amount, Annealing Duration, and Temperature on Si (111). NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:380. [PMID: 26428015 PMCID: PMC4883281 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The size, density, and configurations of Au nanoparticles (NPs) can play important roles in controlling the electron mobility, light absorption, and localized surface plasmon resonance, and further in the Au NP-assisted nanostructure fabrications. In this study, we present a systematical investigation on the evolution of Au NPs and nanostructures on Si (111) by controlling the deposition amount (DA), annealing temperature (AT), and dwelling time (DT). Under an identical growth condition, the morphologies of Au NPs and nanostructures drastically evolve when the DA is only slightly varied, based on the Volmer-Weber and coalescence models: i.e. I: mini NPs, II: mid-sized round dome-shaped Au NPs, III: large Au NPs, and IV: coalesced nanostructures. With the AT control, three distinctive ranges are observed: i.e., NP nucleation, Au NPs maturation and melting. The gradual dimensional expansion of Au NPs is always compensated with the density reduction, which is explained with the thermodynamic theory. The DT effect is relatively minor on Au NPs, a sharp contrast to other metallic NPs, which is discussed based on the Ostwald-ripening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Li
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea
| | - Mao Sui
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea
| | - Puran Pandey
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea
| | - Quanzhen Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Kim
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, South Korea.
- Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Controlling the morphology of the active layer by using additives and its effect on bulk hetero-junction solar cell performance. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
35
|
van Lare C, Yin G, Polman A, Schmid M. Light Coupling and Trapping in Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells Using Dielectric Scattering Patterns. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9603-9613. [PMID: 26348324 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate photocurrent enhancement in ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) solar cells with absorber layers of 460 nm by nanoscale dielectric light scattering patterns printed by substrate conformal imprint lithography. We show that patterning the front side of the device with TiO2 nanoparticle arrays results in a small photocurrent enhancement in almost the entire 400-1200 nm spectral range due to enhanced light coupling into the cell. Three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations are in good agreement with external quantum efficiency measurements. Patterning the Mo/CIGSe back interface using SiO2 nanoparticles leads to strongly enhanced light trapping, increasing the efficiency from 11.1% for a flat to 12.3% for a patterned cell. Simulations show that optimizing the array geometry could further improve light trapping. Including nanoparticles at the Mo/CIGSe interface leads to substantially reduced parasitic absorption in the Mo back contact. Parasitic absorption in the back contact can be further reduced by fabricating CIGSe cells on top of a SiO2-patterned In2O3:Sn (ITO) back contact. Simulations show that these semitransparent cells have similar spectrally averaged reflection and absorption in the CIGSe active layer as a Mo-based patterned cell, demonstrating that the absorption losses in the Mo can be partially turned into transmission through the semitransparent geometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire van Lare
- Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guanchao Yin
- Nanooptische Konzepte für die Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Polman
- Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmid
- Nanooptische Konzepte für die Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chi D, Lu S, Xu R, Liu K, Cao D, Wen L, Mi Y, Wang Z, Lei Y, Qu S, Wang Z. Fully understanding the positive roles of plasmonic nanoparticles in ameliorating the efficiency of organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:15251-15257. [PMID: 26327224 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04069h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we constructed inverted PBDTTT-CF:PC70BM bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells by introducing Au nanoparticles to a ZnO buffer layer and a great improvement in energy conversion efficiency has been realized. To discover the positive roles of such plasmonic nanoparticles in the process of solar energy conversion, photovoltaic devices with the same architecture but different sized Au nanoparticles were purposely fabricated and it has been observed that the overall efficiency can be remarkably improved from 6.67% to 7.86% by embedding 41 nm Au nanoparticles in the buffer layer. The devices with other sizes of Au nanoparticles show a relatively low performance. Subsequent investigations including finite difference time domain simulation and transient photoluminescence studies reveal that the existence of the plasmonic particles could not only improve the optical absorption and facilitate the exciton separation, but can also benefit the collection of charge carriers. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive perspective on the roles of plasmonic particles in organic solar cells and insights into the photo energy conversion process in the plasmonic surroundings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li X, Jia C, Ma B, Wang W, Fang Z, Zhang G, Guo X. Substrate-induced interfacial plasmonics for photovoltaic conversion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14497. [PMID: 26412576 PMCID: PMC4585970 DOI: 10.1038/srep14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is widely used as light trapping schemes in solar cells, because it can concentrate light fields surrounding metal nanostructures and realize light management at the nanoscale. SPR in photovoltaics generally occurs at the metal/dielectric interfaces. A well-defined interface is therefore required to elucidate interfacial SPR processes. Here, we designed a photovoltaic device (PVD) with an atomically flat TiO2 dielectric/dye/graphene/metal nanoparticle (NP) interface for quantitatively studying the SPR enhancement of the photovoltaic conversion. Theoretical and experimental results indicated that the graphene monolayer was transparent to the electromagnetic field. This transparency led to significant substrate-induced plasmonic hybridization at the heterostructure interface. Combined with interparticle plasmonic coupling, the substrate-induced plasmonics concentrated light at the interface and enhanced the photo-excitation of dyes, thus improving the photoelectric conversion. Such a mechanistic understanding of interfacial plasmonic enhancement will further promote the development of efficient plasmon-enhanced solar cells and composite photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxi Li
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bangjun Ma
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim SH, Bae TS, Heo W, Joo T, Song KD, Park HG, Ryu SY. Effects of Gold-Nanoparticle Surface and Vertical Coverage by Conducting Polymer between Indium Tin Oxide and the Hole Transport Layer on Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:15031-15041. [PMID: 26097997 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effect of varying degrees of surface and vertical coverage of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) by poly(styrenesulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ( PEDOT PSS), which was used as a capping layer between indium tin oxide (ITO) and a hole transport layer (HTL) on small-molecule fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), was systemically investigated. With respect to the Au-NP loading amount and size, the resultant current densities influenced the charge balance and, therefore, the OLED device performance. When the capping layer consisted of ITO/Au-NPs/ PEDOT PSS+Au-NPs, superior device performance was obtained with 10-nm Au-NPs through increased surface coverage in comparison to other Au-NP PEDOT:PSS coverage conditions. Furthermore, the Au-NP size determined the vertical coverage of the capping layer. The current densities of OLEDs containing small Au-NPs (less than 30 nm, small vertical coverage) covered by PEDOT PSS decreased because of the suppression of the hole carriers by the Au-NP trapping sites. However, the current densities of the devices with large Au-NPs (over 30 nm, large vertical coverage) increased. The increased electromagnetic fields observed around relatively large Au-NPs under electrical bias were attributed to increased current densities in the OLEDs, as confirmed by the finite-difference time-domain simulation. These results show that the coverage conditions of the Au-NPs by the PEDOT PSS clearly influenced the OLED current density and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Kim
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Wooseok Heo
- §Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Taiha Joo
- §Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Deok Song
- ∥Department of Physics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gyu Park
- ∥Department of Physics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fang Y, Hou Y, Hu Y, Teng F. Transient Photocurrent Response of Plasmon-Enhanced Polymer Solar Cells with Gold Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2015; 8:4050-4060. [PMID: 28793424 PMCID: PMC5455668 DOI: 10.3390/ma8074050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the transient photocurrent of the plasmon-enhanced polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-Phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is investigated. Two kinds of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enhanced devices were fabricated by doping the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) into the anode buffer layer and inserting Au NPs between the anode buffer layer and the active layer. We probed the dynamics of the turn-on and turn-off responses to 400 μs square-pulse optical excitation from the 380 nm and 520 nm light-emitting diodes (LED) driven by an electric pulse generator. The transient photocurrent curves of devices with Au NPs at different positions and under different excitation wavelength are compared and analyzed. The charge trapping/detrapping processes that occurred at the interface of Au NPs and the active layer were observed; these exhibit an overshoot in the initial fast rise of photocurrent response. Our results show that the incorporating position of Au NPs is an important key factor to influence the transient photocurrent behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- School of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Feng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alluri NR, Saravanakumar B, Kim SJ. Flexible, Hybrid Piezoelectric Film (BaTi(1-x)Zr(x)O3)/PVDF Nanogenerator as a Self-Powered Fluid Velocity Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:9831-40. [PMID: 25901640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) constructed using a hybrid (or composite) film composed of highly crystalline BaTi(1-x)Zr(x)O3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) nanocubes (abbreviated as BTZO) synthesized using a molten-salt process embedded into a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix solution via ultrasonication. The potential of a BTZO/PVDF hybrid film is realized in fabricating eco-friendly devices, active sensors, and flexible nanogenerators to interpret its functionality. Our strategy is based on the incorporation of various Zr(4+) doping ratios into the Ti(4+) site of BaTiO3 nanocubes to enhance the performance of the PNG. The flexible nanogenerator (BTZO/PVDF) exhibits a high electrical output up to ∼11.9 V and ∼1.35 μA compared to the nanogenerator (BTO/PVDF) output of 7.99 V and 1.01 μA upon the application of cyclic pushing-releasing frequencies with a constant load (11 N). We also demonstrate another exciting application of the PNG as a self-powered sensor to measure different water velocities at an outlet pipe. The average maximum peak power of the PNG varies from 0.2 to 15.8 nW for water velocities ranging from 31.43 to 125.7 m/s during the water ON condition. This study shows the compositional dependence approach, fabrication of nanostructures for energy harvesting, and self-powered devices in the field of monitoring for remote area applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sang-Jae Kim
- §School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Park HJ, Guo LJ. Optical enhancement effects of plasmonic nanostructures on organic photovoltaic cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
Lamarre SS, Yockell-Lelièvre H, Ritcey AM. Assembly of polystyrene-coated gold nanoparticles at the air–water interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 443:131-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
43
|
Leem JW, Kim S, Park C, Kim E, Yu JS. Strong photocurrent enhancements in plasmonic organic photovoltaics by biomimetic nanoarchitectures with efficient light harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6706-6715. [PMID: 25785480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose the biomimetic moth-eye nanoarchitectures as a novel plasmonic light-harvesting structure for further enhancing the solar-generated photocurrents in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The full moth-eye nanoarchitectures are composed of two-dimensional hexagonal periodic grating arrays on surfaces of both the front zinc oxide (ZnO) and rear active layers, which are prepared by a simple and cost-effective soft imprint nanopatterning technique. For the 380 nm period ZnO and 650 nm period active gratings (i.e., ZnO(P380)/Active(P650)), the poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):indene-C60 bis-adduct (P3HT:ICBA)-based plasmonic OPVs exhibit an improvement of the absorption spectrum compared to the pristine OPVs over a broad wavelength range of 350-750 nm, showing absorption enhancement peaks at wavelengths of ∼370, 450, and 670 nm, respectively. This leads to a considerable increase of short-circuit current density (Jsc) from 10.9 to 13.32 mA/cm(2), showing a large Jsc enhancement percentage of ∼22.2%. As a result, the strongly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.28% is obtained compared to that (i.e., PCE = 5.12%) of the pristine OPVs. For the angle-dependent light-absorption characteristics, the plasmonic OPVs with ZnO(P380)/Active(P650) have a better absorption performance than that of the pristine OPVs at incident angles of 20-70°. For optical absorption characteristics and near-field intensity distributions of plasmonic OPVs, theoretical analyses are also performed by a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method, which gives a similar tendency with the experimentally measured data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Woo Leem
- †Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chihyun Park
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Su Yu
- †Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang H, Xu L, Zhang R, Ge Z, Zhang W, Xu J, Ma Z, Chen K. Controllable photoluminescence enhancement of CdTe/CdS quantum dots thin films incorporation with Au nanoparticles. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:128. [PMID: 25897301 PMCID: PMC4398686 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Au nanoparticles (Au NPs)/CdTe/CdS QDs nanocomposite films were fabricated by deposition of Au NPs and layer-by-layer self-assembly of colloidal CdTe/CdS QDs. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed that Au NPs incorporation resulted in an increase of PL intensity about 16-fold compared with that of the samples without Au NPs. PL enhancement of Au NPs/CdTe/CdS QDs nanocomposite films can be controlled by tuning the thickness of spacer layer between the metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and QDs. Optical absorption spectra exhibited the incorporation of Au NPs boosted the absorption of Au NPs/CdTe/CdS QDs nanocomposite films. The results of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation indicated that the increased sizes of Au NPs resulted in stronger localization of electric field, which boosted the PL intensity of QDs in the vicinity of Au NPs. We thought that these were mainly attributed to localized SP enhancement effects of the Au NPs. Our experiment results demonstrated that Au NPs/QDs nanocomposite films would be a promising candidate for optoelectronic devices application. PACS 78.55.-m; 82.33.Ln; 68.65.Hb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
- />Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Renqi Zhang
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyun Ge
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Ma
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunji Chen
- />National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lee JM, Lim J, Lee N, Park HI, Lee KE, Jeon T, Nam SA, Kim J, Shin J, Kim SO. Synergistic concurrent enhancement of charge generation, dissociation, and transport in organic solar cells with plasmonic metal-carbon nanotube hybrids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1519-1525. [PMID: 25515531 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures are synthesized by decorating B- or N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with Au nanoparticles. While the plasmonic nanoparticles promote exciton generation and dissociation, the B- and N-doped CNTs enable charge-selective transport enhancement in the organic active layer. Such concurrent enhancements of all the principal energy-harvesting steps improve the device efficiency up to 9.98% for organic single-junction solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Min Lee
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kang H, Kee S, Yu K, Lee J, Kim G, Kim J, Kim JR, Kong J, Lee K. Simplified tandem polymer solar cells with an ideal self-organized recombination layer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1408-1413. [PMID: 25449142 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new tandem architecture for printable photovoltaics using a versatile organic nanocomposite containing photoactive and interfacial materials is demonstrated. The nanocomposite forms an ideal self-organized recombination layer via a spontaneous vertical phase separation, which yields a simplified tandem structure fabricated with only four component layers and a high tandem efficiency of 10.8%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkyu Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics, Heeger Center for Advanced Materials, Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sha WEI, Zhu HL, Chen L, Chew WC, Choy WCH. A general design rule to manipulate photocarrier transport path in solar cells and its realization by the plasmonic-electrical effect. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8525. [PMID: 25686578 PMCID: PMC4330524 DOI: 10.1038/srep08525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that transport paths of photocarriers (electrons and holes) before collected by electrodes strongly affect bulk recombination and thus electrical properties of solar cells, including open-circuit voltage and fill factor. For boosting device performance, a general design rule, tailored to arbitrary electron to hole mobility ratio, is proposed to decide the transport paths of photocarriers. Due to a unique ability to localize and concentrate light, plasmonics is explored to manipulate photocarrier transport through spatially redistributing light absorption at the active layer of devices. Without changing the active materials, we conceive a plasmonic-electrical concept, which tunes electrical properties of solar cells via the plasmon-modified optical field distribution, to realize the design rule. Incorporating spectrally and spatially configurable metallic nanostructures, thin-film solar cells are theoretically modelled and experimentally fabricated to validate the design rule and verify the plasmonic-tunable electrical properties. The general design rule, together with the plasmonic-electrical effect, contributes to the evolution of emerging photovoltaics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei E I Sha
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Hugh L Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Luzhou Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Weng Cho Chew
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ho YC, Kao SH, Lee HC, Chang SK, Lee CC, Lin CF. Investigation of the localized surface plasmon effect from Au nanoparticles in ZnO nanorods for enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:776-783. [PMID: 25431303 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05194g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The organic polymer solar cell is recognized as one of the most competitive technologies of the next generation. Au nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods were combined to improve the inverted-structure low-bandgap polymer solar cells and enhance the absorption and efficiency of the devices. However, the Au nanoparticles tend to aggregate in solution, thus reducing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. The cluster effect on the spectral range of enhancement in the absorption is investigated and the absorption characteristics of the LSPR receive proper modification through our experiment. After reducing the number of Au nanoparticle clusters, the LSPR effect in the devices was clearly verified. The proper combination of the Au nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods leads to the power conversion efficiency of the PTB7 : PC71BM inverted organic solar cell reaching 8.04% after optimizing the process conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Che Ho
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Dave V, Vala AK, Patel R. Observation of weak localization of light in gold nanofluids synthesized using the marine derived fungus Aspergillus niger. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13292k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreasing particle size with increasing pH in gold nanofluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Dave
- Department of Physics
- Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
- Bhavnagar 364002
- India
| | - Anjana K. Vala
- Department of Lifesciences
- Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
- Bhavnagar 364002
- India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Department of Physics
- Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
- Bhavnagar 364002
- India
| |
Collapse
|