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Basu S, Hendler-Neumark A, Bisker G. Monitoring Enzyme Activity Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2237-2253. [PMID: 38669585 PMCID: PMC11129355 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes serve as pivotal biological catalysts that accelerate essential chemical reactions, thereby influencing a variety of physiological processes. Consequently, the monitoring of enzyme activity and inhibition not only yields crucial insights into health and disease conditions but also forms the basis of research in drug discovery, toxicology, and the understanding of disease mechanisms. In this context, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have emerged as effective tools for tracking enzyme activity and inhibition through diverse strategies. This perspective explores the physicochemical attributes of SWCNTs that render them well-suited for such monitoring. Additionally, we delve into the various strategies developed so far for successfully monitoring enzyme activity and inhibition, emphasizing the distinctive features of each principle. Furthermore, we contrast the benefits of SWCNT-based NIR probes with conventional gold standards in monitoring enzyme activity. Lastly, we highlight the current challenges faced in this field and suggest potential solutions to propel it forward. This perspective aims to contribute to the ongoing progress in biodiagnostics and seeks to engage the wider community in developing and applying enzymatic assays using SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srestha Basu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Hendler-Neumark
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gili Bisker
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel
Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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2
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Yaari Z, Horoszko CP, Antman-Passig M, Kim M, Nguyen FT, Heller DA. Emerging technologies in cancer detection. Cancer Biomark 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824302-2.00011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Wang J, Wang J, Sheng Z, Du R, Yan L, Zhang X. Solid-Liquid-Vapor Triphase Gel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13501-13511. [PMID: 34739232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gels are soft functional materials with solid networks and open pores filled with solvents (for wet gels) or air (for aerogels), displaying broad applications in tissue engineering, catalysis, environmental remediation, energy storage, etc. However, currently known gels feature only a single (either solid-liquid or solid-vapor) interface, largely limiting their application territories. Therefore, it is both fundamentally intriguing and practically significant to develop conceptually new gel materials that possess solid-liquid-vapor multiple interfaces. Herein, we demonstrate a unique solid-liquid-vapor triphase gel, named as aerohydrogel, by gelling of a poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solution with glutaraldehyde in the presence of superhydrophobic silica aerogel microparticles. Owing to its continuous solid, liquid, and vapor phases, the resultant aerohydrogel simultaneously displays solid-liquid, solid-vapor, and liquid-vapor interfaces, leading to excellent properties including tunable density (down to 0.43 g·cm-3), considerable hydrophobicity, and excellent elasticity (compressive ratio of up to 80%). As a proof-of-concept application, the aerohydrogel exhibits a higher evaporative cooling efficiency than its hydrogel counterpart and a better cooling capability than the commercial phase change cooling film, respectively, showing promising performance in cooling various devices. Moreover, the resulting aerohydrogel could be facilely tailored with specific (e.g., magnetic) properties for emerging applications such as solar steam generation. This work extends biphase gel (hydrogel or aerogel) to solid-liquid-vapor triphase gel, as well as provides a promising strategy for designing more aerohydrogels serving as soft functional materials for applications in various emerging fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpei Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhi Sheng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ran Du
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, U.K
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Sun Z, Li Z, Qu K, Zhang Z, Niu Y, Xu W, Ren C. A review on recent advances in gel adhesion and their potential applications. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Effect on near-infrared absorption spectra of DNA/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) complexes by adsorption of a blocking reagent. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Le TH, Oh Y, Kim H, Yoon H. Exfoliation of 2D Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications. Chemistry 2020; 26:6360-6401. [PMID: 32162404 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The fascinating properties of single-layer graphene isolated by mechanical exfoliation have inspired extensive research efforts toward two-dimensional (2D) materials. Layered compounds serve as precursors for atomically thin 2D materials (briefly, 2D nanomaterials) owing to their strong intraplane chemical bonding but weak interplane van der Waals interactions. There are newly emerging 2D materials beyond graphene, and it is becoming increasingly important to develop cost-effective, scalable methods for producing 2D nanomaterials with controlled microstructures and properties. The variety of developed synthetic techniques can be categorized into two classes: bottom-up and top-down approaches. Of top-down approaches, the exfoliation of bulk 2D materials into single or few layers is the most common. This review highlights chemical and physical exfoliation methods that allow for the production of 2D nanomaterials in large quantities. In addition, remarkable examples of utilizing exfoliated 2D nanomaterials in energy and environmental applications are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Hai Le
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Yuree Oh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research &, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.,Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research &, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.,Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
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8
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Chio L, Del Bonis-O'Donnell JT, Kline MA, Kim JH, McFarlane IR, Zuckermann RN, Landry MP. Electrostatic Assemblies of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Sequence-Tunable Peptoid Polymers Detect a Lectin Protein and Its Target Sugars. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7563-7572. [PMID: 30958010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A primary limitation to real-time imaging of metabolites and proteins has been the selective detection of biomolecules that have no naturally occurring or stable molecular recognition counterparts. We present developments in the design of synthetic near-infrared fluorescent nanosensors based on the fluorescence modulation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with select sequences of surface-adsorbed N-substituted glycine peptoid polymers. We assess the stability of the peptoid-SWNT nanosensor candidates under variable ionic strengths, protease exposure, and cell culture media conditions and find that the stability of peptoid-SWNTs depends on the composition and length of the peptoid polymer. From our library, we identify a peptoid-SWNT assembly that can detect lectin protein wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) with a sensitivity comparable to the concentration of serum proteins. To demonstrate the retention of nanosensor-bound protein activity, we show that WGA on the nanosensor produces an additional fluorescent signal modulation upon exposure to the lectin's target sugars, suggesting the lectin protein remains active and selectively binds its target sugars through ternary molecular recognition interactions relayed to the nanosensor. Our results inform design considerations for developing synthetic molecular recognition elements by assembling peptoid polymers on SWNTs and also demonstrate these assemblies can serve as optical nanosensors for lectin proteins and their target sugars. Together, these data suggest certain peptoid sequences can be assembled with SWNTs to serve as versatile optical probes to detect proteins and their molecular substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | | | - Mark A Kline
- The Molecular Foundry , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Jae Hong Kim
- The Molecular Foundry , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Ian R McFarlane
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Ronald N Zuckermann
- The Molecular Foundry , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (qb3) , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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9
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Umemura K, Ishibashi Y, Ito M, Homma Y. Quantitative Detection of the Disappearance of the Antioxidant Ability of Catechin by Near-Infrared Absorption and Near-Infrared Photoluminescence Spectra of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:7750-7758. [PMID: 31459864 PMCID: PMC6648150 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We succeeded in quantitatively detecting the disappearance of catechin antioxidant ability as a function of time using near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and NIR photoluminescence (PL) spectra of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) wrapped with DNA molecules (DNA-SWNT hybrids). When 15 μg/mL of catechin was added to the oxidized hybrid suspension, the absorbance of SWNTs increased, according to the antioxidant ability of catechin, and the effect was maintained at least for 30 min. When catechin concentrations were less than 0.3 μg/mL, SWNT absorbance gradually decreased, although it increased when catechin is added. The results revealed that disappearance of the catechin effects could be quantitatively detected by NIR absorbance spectra. When NIR PL was employed, the disappearance of PL intensity was also observed in the case of low catechin concentrations. However, time-lapse measurement of the disappearance was difficult because the PL intensity was rapidly quenched. In addition, the optical responses were different due to different chirality of SWNTs. Our results suggested that both NIR absorbance and PL can detect disappearance of catechin antioxidant effects; in particular, slow response of NIR absorbance was effective to detect time dependence of the disappearance of the catechin effects. Contrarily, PL revealed huge and rapid responses in contrast to NIR absorbance. PL might be effective for reversible use of DNA-SWNT hybrids as a nanobiosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Umemura
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yu Ishibashi
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Homma
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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10
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Park G, Kim S, Chae S, Han H, Le TH, Yang KS, Chang M, Kim H, Yoon H. Combining SWNT and Graphene in Polymer Nanofibers: A Route to Unique Carbon Precursors for Electrochemical Capacitor Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3077-3086. [PMID: 30703325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
It is important to fabricate nanostructured architectures comprised of functional components for a wide variety of applications because precise structural control in the nanometer regime can yield unprecedented, fascinating properties. Owing to their well-defined microstructural characteristics, it has been popular to use carbon nanospecies, such as nanotubes and graphene, in fabricating nanocomposites and nanohybrids. Nevertheless, it still remains hard to control and manipulate nanospecies for specific applications, thus preventing their commercialization. Herein, first, we report unique one-dimensional nanoarchitectures with meso-/macropores, consisting of single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs), graphene, and polyacrylonitrile, in which poly(vinyl alcohol) was employed as a dispersing agent and sacrificial porogen. One-dimensional SWNTs and two-dimensional graphene pieces were combined in the confined interior space of electrospun nanofibers, which led to unique microstructural characteristics such as enhanced ordering of SWNTs, graphene pieces, and polymer chains in the nanofiber interior. Next, the SWNT/graphene-in-polymer nanofiber (SGPNF) structures were converted into carbonized products (SGCNFs) with effective porosity and tunable electrochemical properties. Similar to SGPNFs, the microstructural and electrical properties of the SGCNFs depended on the incorporated amount of SWNT and graphene. At higher SWNT content, the mesopore volume proportion and specific discharge capacitance of the SGCNFs increased by max. 63 and 598%, respectively. The SGCNFs showed strong potential as a high-performance electrode material for electrochemical capacitors (max. capacitance: nonactivated ∼390 F g-1 and activated ∼750 F g-1). Flexible, all solid-state capacitor cells based on SGCNFs were also successfully demonstrated as a model application. The SGCNFs can be further functionalized by various methods, which will impart attractive properties for extended applications.
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11
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Simon J, Flahaut E, Golzio M. Overview of Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E624. [PMID: 30791507 PMCID: PMC6416648 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The unique combination of mechanical, optical and electrical properties offered by carbon nanotubes has fostered research for their use in many kinds of applications, including the biomedical field. However, due to persisting outstanding questions regarding their potential toxicity when considered as free particles, the research is now focusing on their immobilization on substrates for interface tuning or as biosensors, as load in nanocomposite materials where they improve both mechanical and electrical properties or even for direct use as scaffolds for tissue engineering. After a brief introduction to carbon nanotubes in general and their proposed applications in the biomedical field, this review will focus on nanocomposite materials with hydrogel-based matrices and especially their potential future use for diagnostics, tissue engineering or targeted drug delivery. The toxicity issue will also be briefly described in order to justify the safe(r)-by-design approach offered by carbon nanotubes-based hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Simon
- CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, B.t. CIRIMAT, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, 205, Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, B.t. CIRIMAT, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Muriel Golzio
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, 205, Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
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12
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The Characterisation and Quantification of Immobilised Concanavalin A on Quartz Surfaces Based on The Competitive Binding to Glucose and Fluorescent Labelled Dextran. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The competition between various carbohydrates in the binding to Concanavalin A (Con A) can be exploited in gravimetric microsensors that detect changes in mass or viscoelasticity as a function of glucose concentration. Such sensors are based on the immobilisation of Con A as the ligand specific element, and a successful application requires that the binding property of Con A is retained. This paper presents a simplified immobilisation procedure of Con A on a quartz surface, a common material for gravimetric microsensors. Structural assessment with atomic force microscopy confirmed that the surface was covered with a layer of macromolecules. This layer shows the presence of entities of various sizes, presumably monomers, dimers and tetramers among which dimers of the Con A are the most dominant structure. Functional assessment using fluorescent labelled dextran (FITC and Alexa 488) suggests a surface coverage ranging from 1.8 × 1011 to 2.1 × 1012 immobilised fluorescent molecules per cm2. The assay was responsive to glucose over a concentration range from 0–40 mM, but became gradually saturated above 20 mM. Hence, the immobilised Con A is able to bind dextran, which is displaced by glucose in a concentration dependent manner, thus triggering a mass change proportional to the MW of dextran.
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Sanjuán AM, Reglero Ruiz JA, García FC, García JM. Recent developments in sensing devices based on polymeric systems. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Scholten K, Meng E. A review of implantable biosensors for closed-loop glucose control and other drug delivery applications. Int J Pharm 2018; 544:319-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Vashist A, Kaushik A, Vashist A, Sagar V, Ghosal A, Gupta YK, Ahmad S, Nair M. Advances in Carbon Nanotubes-Hydrogel Hybrids in Nanomedicine for Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701213. [PMID: 29388356 PMCID: PMC6248342 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In spite of significant advancement in hydrogel technology, low mechanical strength and lack of electrical conductivity have limited their next-level biomedical applications for skeletal muscles, cardiac and neural cells. Host-guest chemistry based hybrid nanocomposites systems have gained attention as they completely overcome these pitfalls and generate bioscaffolds with tunable electrical and mechanical characteristics. In recent years, carbon nanotube (CNT)-based hybrid hydrogels have emerged as innovative candidates with diverse applications in regenerative medicines, tissue engineering, drug delivery devices, implantable devices, biosensing, and biorobotics. This article is an attempt to recapitulate the advancement in synthesis and characterization of hybrid hydrogels and provide deep insights toward their functioning and success as biomedical devices. The improved comparative performance and biocompatibility of CNT-hydrogels hybrids systems developed for targeted biomedical applications are addressed here. Recent updates toward diverse applications and limitations of CNT hybrid hydrogels is the strength of the review. This will provide a holistic approach toward understanding of CNT-based hydrogels and their applications in nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Vashist
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Atul Vashist
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 110029
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Anujit Ghosal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067
| | - Y. K. Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 110029
| | - Sharif Ahmad
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India, 110025
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Alam A, Zhang Y, Kuan HC, Lee SH, Ma J. Polymer composite hydrogels containing carbon nanomaterials—Morphology and mechanical and functional performance. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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19
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Ryu J, Kim H, Kim J, Ko J, Sohn D. Dynamic behavior of hybrid poly(acrylic acid) gel prepared by γ-ray irradiated imogolite. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Salem DP, Gong X, Liu AT, Koman VB, Dong J, Strano MS. Ionic Strength-Mediated Phase Transitions of Surface-Adsorbed DNA on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16791-16802. [PMID: 29052988 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides have unique, and in some cases sequence-specific molecular interactions with the surface of carbon nanotubes that remain the subject of fundamental study. In this work, we observe and analyze a generic, ionic strength-mediated phase transition exhibited by over 25 distinct oligonucleotides adsorbed to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in colloidal suspension. The phase transition occurs as monovalent salts are used to modify the ionic strength from 500 mM to 1 mM, causing a reversible reduction in the fluorescence quantum yield by as much as 90%. The phase transition is only observable by fluorescence quenching within a window of pH and in the presence of dissolved O2, but occurs independently of this optical quenching. The negatively charged phosphate backbone increases (decreases) the DNA surface coverage on an areal basis at high (low) ionic strength, and is well described by a two-state equilibrium model. The resulting quantitative model is able to describe and link, for the first time, the observed changes in optical properties of DNA-wrapped SWCNTs with ionic strength, pH, adsorbed O2, and ascorbic acid. Cytosine nucleobases are shown to alter the adhesion of the DNA to SWCNTs through direct protonation from solution, decreasing the driving force for this phase transition. We show that the phase transition also changes the observed SWCNT corona phase, modulating the recognition of riboflavin. These results provide insight into the unique molecular interactions between DNA and the SWCNT surface, and have implications for molecular sensing, assembly, and nanoparticle separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Salem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Albert Tianxiang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Juyao Dong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Sonawane A, Manickam P, Bhansali S. Stability of Enzymatic Biosensors for Wearable Applications. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2017; 10:174-186. [PMID: 28541225 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2017.2706661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Technological evolution in wearable sensors accounts for major growth and transformation in a multitude of industries, ranging from healthcare to computing and informatics to communication and biomedical sciences. The major driver for this transformation is the new-found ability to continuously monitor and analyze the patients' physiology in patients' natural setting. Numerous wearable sensors are already on the market and are summarized. Most of the current technologies have focused on electrophysiological, electromechanical, or acoustic measurements. Wearable biochemical sensing devices are in their infancy. Traditional challenges in biochemical sensing such as reliability, repeatability, stability, and drift are amplified in wearable sensing systems due to variabilities in operating environment, sample/sensor handling, and motion artifacts. Enzymatic sensing technologies, due to reduced fluidic challenges, continue to be forerunners for converting into wearable sensors. This paper reviews the recent developments in wearable enzymatic sensors. The wearable sensors have been classified in three major groups based on sensor embodiment and placement relative to the human body: 1) on-body, 2) clothing/textile-based biosensors, and 3) biosensor accessories. The sensors, which come in the forms of stickers and tattoos, are categorized as on-body biosensors. The fabric-based biosensor comes in different models such as smart-shirts, socks, gloves, and smart undergarments with printed sensors for continuous monitoring.
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Jain D, Karajic A, Murawska M, Goudeau B, Bichon S, Gounel S, Mano N, Kuhn A, Barthélémy P. Low-Molecular-Weight Hydrogels as New Supramolecular Materials for Bioelectrochemical Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1093-1098. [PMID: 27997114 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the interface between biological tissues and electrodes remains an important challenge for the development of implantable devices in terms of electroactivity, biocompatibility, and long-term stability. To engineer such a biocompatible interface a low molecular weight gel (LMWG) based on a glycosylated nucleoside fluorocarbon amphiphile (GNF) was employed for the first time to wrap gold electrodes via a noncovalent anchoring strategy, that is, self-assembly of GNF at the electrode surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies indicate that the gold surface is coated with the GNF hydrogels. Electrochemical measurements using cyclic voltammetry (CV) clearly show that the electrode properties are not affected by the presence of the hydrogel. This coating layer of 1 to 2 μm does not significantly slow down the mass transport through the hydrogel. Voltammetry experiments with gel coated macroporous enzyme electrodes reveal that during continuous use their current is improved by 100% compared to the noncoated electrode. This demonstrates that the supramolecular hydrogel dramatically increases the stability of the bioelectrochemical interface. Therefore, such hybrid electrodes are promising candidates that will both offer the biocompatibility and stability needed for the development of more efficient biosensors and biofuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Jain
- Inserm U1212 , F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320 , F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Aleksandar Karajic
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
- Bordeaux INP-UMR 5255, CNRS-ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Magdalena Murawska
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
- Bordeaux INP-UMR 5255, CNRS-ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Bordeaux INP-UMR 5255, CNRS-ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Sabrina Bichon
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Gounel
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nicolas Mano
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Bordeaux INP-UMR 5255, CNRS-ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- Inserm U1212 , F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320 , F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux , 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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23
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Bhattacharya S, Samanta SK. Soft-Nanocomposites of Nanoparticles and Nanocarbons with Supramolecular and Polymer Gels and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:11967-12028. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
- Director’s
Research Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman K. Samanta
- Director’s
Research Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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24
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Cui Z, Zhou M, Greensmith PJ, Wang W, Hoyland JA, Kinloch IA, Freemont T, Saunders BR. A study of conductive hydrogel composites of pH-responsive microgels and carbon nanotubes. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4142-4153. [PMID: 27067636 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conductive gel composites are attracting considerable attention because of their interesting electrical and mechanical properties. Here, we report conductive gel composites constructed using only colloidal particles as building blocks. The composites were prepared from mixed dispersions of vinyl-functionalised pH-responsive microgel particles (MGs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). MGs are crosslinked pH-responsive polymer colloid particles that swell when the pH approaches the pKa of the particles. Two MG systems were used which contained ethyl acrylate (EA) or methyl acrylate (MA) and around 30 mol% of methacrylic acid (MAA). The MA-based MG is a new pH-responsive system. The mixed MG/CNT dispersions formed thixotropic physical gels. Those gels were transformed into covalent interlinked electrically conducting doubly crosslinked microgel/CNT composites (DX MG/CNT) by free-radical reaction. The MGs provided the dual roles of dispersant for the CNTs and macro-crosslinker for the composite. TEM data showed evidence for strong attraction between the MG and the CNTs which facilitated CNT dispersion. An SEM study confirmed CNT dispersion throughout the composites. The mechanical properties of the composites were studied using dynamic rheology and uniaxial compression measurements. Surprisingly, both the ductility and the modulus of the gel composites increased with increasing CNT concentration used for their preparation. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) exposed to DX MG/CNT maintained over 99% viability with metabolic activity retained over 7 days, which indicated non-cytotoxicity. The results of this study suggest that our approach could be used to prepare other DX MG/CNT gel composites and that these materials may lead to future injectable gels for advanced soft-tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxing Cui
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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25
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Wang MX, Yang CH, Liu ZQ, Zhou J, Xu F, Suo Z, Yang JH, Chen YM. Tough Photoluminescent Hydrogels Doped with Lanthanide. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:465-71. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xiang Wang
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaan Xi P.R. China
| | - Can Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures; International Center for Applied Mechanics and School of Aerospace; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Zhen Qi Liu
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaan Xi P.R. China
| | - Jinxiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures; International Center for Applied Mechanics and School of Aerospace; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC); Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Suo
- School of Engineering and Applied Science; Kavli Institute of Bionano Science and Technology; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02318 USA
| | - Jian Hai Yang
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaan Xi P.R. China
| | - Yong Mei Chen
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaan Xi P.R. China
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26
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Guo X, Mandelis A, Zinman B. Applications of ultrasensitive wavelength-modulated differential photothermal radiometry to noninvasive glucose detection in blood serum. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:911-919. [PMID: 22930666 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Wavelength-Modulated Differential Laser Photothermal Radiometry (WM-DPTR) has been designed for noninvasive glucose measurements in the mid-infrared (MIR) range. Glucose measurements in human blood serum in the physiological range (20-320 mg/dl) with predicted error <10.3 mg/dl demonstrated high sensitivity and accuracy to meet wide clinical detection requirements, ranging from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia. The glucose sensitivity and specificity of WM-DPTR stem from the subtraction of the simultaneously measured signals from two excitation laser beams at wavelengths near the peak and the baseline of the strongest interference-free glucose absorption band in the MIR range. It was found that the serum glucose sensitivity and measurement precision strongly depend on the tunability and stability of the intensity ratio and the phase shift of the two laser beams. This level of accuracy was favorably compared to other MIR techniques. WM-DPTR has shown excellent potential to be developed into a clinically viable noninvasive glucose biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies CADIFT, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
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27
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Current Trends in Sensors Based on Conducting Polymer Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2013; 3:524-549. [PMID: 28348348 PMCID: PMC5304658 DOI: 10.3390/nano3030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Conducting polymers represent an important class of functional organic materials for next-generation electronic and optical devices. Advances in nanotechnology allow for the fabrication of various conducting polymer nanomaterials through synthesis methods such as solid-phase template synthesis, molecular template synthesis, and template-free synthesis. Nanostructured conducting polymers featuring high surface area, small dimensions, and unique physical properties have been widely used to build various sensor devices. Many remarkable examples have been reported over the past decade. The enhanced sensitivity of conducting polymer nanomaterials toward various chemical/biological species and external stimuli has made them ideal candidates for incorporation into the design of sensors. However, the selectivity and stability still leave room for improvement.
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28
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Xu W, Allen MG. Deformable strain sensors based on patterned MWCNTs/polydimethylsiloxane composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xu
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Mark G. Allen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
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29
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Hilmer AJ, Tvrdy K, Zhang J, Strano MS. Charge transfer structure-reactivity dependence of fullerene-single-walled carbon nanotube heterojunctions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11901-10. [PMID: 23848070 DOI: 10.1021/ja404636b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Charge transfer at the interface between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) of distinct chiral vectors and fullerenes of various molecular weights is of interest both fundamentally and because of its importance in emerging photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. One approach for generating isolated, discretized fullerene-SWCNT heterojunctions for spectroscopic investigation is to form an amphiphile, which is able to disperse the latter at the single-SWCNT level in aqueous solution. Herein, we synthesize a series of methanofullerene amphiphiles, including derivatives of C60, C70, and C84, and investigated their electron transfer with SWCNT of specific chirality, generating a structure-reactivity relationship. In the cases of two fullerene derivatives, lipid-C61-polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lipid-C71-PEG, band gap dependent, incomplete quenching was observed across all SWCNT species, indicating that the driving force for electron transfer is small. This is further supported by a variant of Marcus theory, which predicts that the energy offsets between the nanotube conduction bands and the C61 and C71 LUMO levels are less than the exciton binding energy in SWCNT. In contrast, upon interfacing nanotubes with C85 methanofullerene, a complete quenching of all semiconducting SWCNT is observed. This enhancement in quenching efficiency is consistent with the deeper LUMO level of C85 methanofullerene in comparison with the smaller fullerene adducts, and suggests its promise as for SWCNT-fullerene heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hilmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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30
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31
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Streit JK, Bachilo SM, Weisman RB. Chromatic aberration short-wave infrared spectroscopy: nanoparticle spectra without a spectrometer. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1337-41. [PMID: 23286305 DOI: 10.1021/ac303713z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new method is described for measuring the short-wave infrared (SWIR) emission wavelengths of numerous individual nanoparticles without using a dedicated spectrometer. Microscope objectives designed for use at visible wavelengths often show severe axial chromatic aberration in the SWIR. This makes coplanar objects emitting at different SWIR wavelengths appear to focus at different depths. After this aberration has been calibrated for a particular objective lens, the depth at which an emissive nanoparticle appears brightest and best focused can be used to deduce its peak emission wavelength. The method is demonstrated using a dilute, structurally polydisperse sample of single-walled carbon nanotubes deposited onto a microscope slide. Discrete emission centers in this sample have different peak wavelengths corresponding to specific nanotube structural species. A set of images was recorded at stepped focus settings and analyzed to find the sharpest focus depth of each nanotube. The chromatic aberration calibration curve converted these depths into peak emission wavelengths with a spectral resolution better than 3 nm, allowing identification of each nanotube's structure. Chromatic aberration spectroscopy is a practical tool for using existing microscopic equipment to extract significant spectral information on coplanar nanoparticle samples that emit or scatter light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K Streit
- Department of Chemistry and Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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32
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Yum K, McNicholas TP, Mu B, Strano MS. Single-walled carbon nanotube-based near-infrared optical glucose sensors toward in vivo continuous glucose monitoring. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2013; 7:72-87. [PMID: 23439162 PMCID: PMC3692218 DOI: 10.1177/193229681300700109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews research efforts on developing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-based near-infrared (NIR) optical glucose sensors toward long-term in vivo continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). We first discuss the unique optical properties of SWNTs and compare SWNTs with traditional organic and nanoparticle fluorophores regarding in vivo glucose-sensing applications. We then present our development of SWNT-based glucose sensors that use glucose-binding proteins and boronic acids as a high-affinity molecular receptor for glucose and transduce binding events on the receptors to modulate SWNT fluorescence. Finally, we discuss opportunities and challenges in translating the emerging technology of SWNT-based NIR optical glucose sensors into in vivo CGM for practical clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsuk Yum
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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33
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McNicholas TP, Yum K, Ahn JH, Mu B, Plettenburg O, Gooderman A, Natesan S, Strano MS. Structure and function of glucose binding protein-single walled carbon nanotube complexes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:3510-3516. [PMID: 22915545 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structure and function of glucose binding proteins (GBP) complexed with single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is important for the development of applications including fluorescent sensors and nanostructure particle tracking. Herein, circular dichroism (CD), thermal denaturation, photo-absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy are used to study these nanostructures. The protein retains its glucose-binding activity after complexation and is thermally stable below 36 °C. However, the SWNT lowers the midpoint denaturation temperature (Tm) by 5 °C and 4 °C in the absence and presence of 10 mM glucose, respectively. This data highlights that using techniques such as CD and thermal denaturation may be necessary to fully characterize such protein-nanomaterial nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P McNicholas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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34
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Abstract
Fluorescence represents a promising alternative technology to electrochemistry and spectroscopy for accurate analysis of glucose in diabetes; however, no implanted fluorescence glucose assay is currently commercially available. The method depends on the principle of fluorescence, which is the emission of light by a substance after absorbing light. A fluorophore is a molecule that will absorb energy of a specific wavelength and reemit energy at a different wavelength. A fluorescence glucose-sensing molecule can be constructed to increase or decrease in fluorescence from baseline according to the ambient concentration of glucose. A quantum dot is a semiconductor crystal that can serve as a sensor by fluorescing at a desired wavelength or color, depending on the crystal size and materials used. If receptor molecules for glucose can be adsorbed to single-wall carbon nanotubules, then the resulting binding of glucose to these receptors will alter the nanotubes' fluorescence. Fluorescence glucose sensors can provide a continuous glucose reading by being embedded into removable wire-shaped subcutaneous or intravenous catheters as well as other types of implanted structures, such as capsules, microcapsules, microbeads, nano-optodes, or capillary tubes. Fluorescence glucose-sensing methods, which are under development, offer four potential advantages over commercially used continuous glucose monitoring technologies: (1) greater sensitivity to low concentrations of glucose, (2) the possibility of constructing sensors that operate most accurately in the hypoglycemic range by using binding proteins with disassociation constants in this range, (3) less need to recalibrate in response to local tissue reactions around the sensor, and (4) no need to implant either a transmitter or a power source for wireless communication of glucose data. Fluorescence glucose sensors also have four significant disadvantages compared with commercially used continuous glucose monitoring technologies: (1) a damaging foreign body response; (2) a sensitivity to local pH and/or oxygen, which can affect the dye response; (3) potential toxicity of implanted dyes, especially if the implanted fluorophore cannot be fully removed; and (4) the necessity of always carrying a dedicated light source to interrogate the implanted sensor. Fluorescence sensing is a promising method for measuring glucose continuously, especially in the hypoglycemic range. If currently vexing technical and engineering and biocompatibility problems can be overcome, then this approach could lead to a new family of continuous glucose monitors.
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35
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Lin S, Hilmer AJ, Mendenhall JD, Strano MS, Blankschtein D. Molecular Perspective on Diazonium Adsorption for Controllable Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Surfactant Solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8194-204. [DOI: 10.1021/ja301635e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shangchao Lin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
| | - Andrew J. Hilmer
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Mendenhall
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
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36
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Reagentless fluorescent biosensors based on proteins for continuous monitoring systems. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:3039-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Konidari MV, Soulas DN, Papadokostaki KG, Sanopoulou M. Study of the effect of modified and pristine carbon nanotubes on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite films. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Konidari
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - D. N. Soulas
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - K. G. Papadokostaki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - M. Sanopoulou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
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38
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Hilmer AJ, McNicholas TP, Lin S, Zhang J, Wang QH, Mendenhall JD, Song C, Heller DA, Barone PW, Blankschtein D, Strano MS. Role of adsorbed surfactant in the reaction of aryl diazonium salts with single-walled carbon nanotubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1309-1321. [PMID: 22136192 DOI: 10.1021/la204067d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Because covalent chemistry can diminish the optical and electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), there is significant interest in developing methods of controllably functionalizing the nanotube sidewall. To date, most attempts at obtaining such control have focused on reaction stoichiometry or strength of oxidative treatment. Here, we examine the role of surfactants in the chemical modification of single-walled carbon nanotubes with aryl diazonium salts. The adsorbed surfactant layer is shown to affect the diazonium derivatization of carbon nanotubes in several ways, including electrostatic attraction or repulsion, steric exclusion, and direct chemical modification of the diazonium reactant. Electrostatic effects are most pronounced in the cases of anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate and cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, where differences in surfactant charge can significantly affect the ability of the diazonium ion to access the SWCNT surface. For bile salt surfactants, with the exception of sodium cholate, we find that the surfactant wraps tightly enough such that exclusion effects are dominant. Here, sodium taurocholate exhibits almost no reactivity under the explored reaction conditions, while for sodium deoxycholate and sodium taurodeoxycholate, we show that the greatest extent of reaction is observed among a small population of nanotube species, with diameters between 0.88 and 0.92 nm. The anomalous reaction of nanotubes in this diameter range seems to imply that the surfactant is less effective at coating these species, resulting in a reduced surface coverage on the nanotube. Contrary to the other bile salts studied, sodium cholate enables high selectivity toward metallic species and small band gap semiconductors, which is attributed to surfactant-diazonium coupling to form highly reactive diazoesters. Further, it is found that the rigidity of anionic surfactants can significantly influence the ability of the surfactant layer to stabilize the diazonium ion near the nanotube surface. Such Coulombic and surfactant packing effects offer promise toward employing surfactants to controllably functionalize carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hilmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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39
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Lee E, Park J, Im SG, Song C. Synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotube-incorporated polymer hydrogels via click chemistry. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20266b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Duque JG, Hamilton CE, Gupta G, Crooker SA, Crochet JJ, Mohite A, Htoon H, Obrey KAD, Dattelbaum AM, Doorn SK. Fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube aerogels in surfactant-free environments. ACS NANO 2011; 5:6686-6694. [PMID: 21790146 DOI: 10.1021/nn202225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A general challenge in generating functional materials from nanoscale components is integrating them into useful composites that retain or enhance their properties of interest. Development of single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) materials for optoelectronics and sensing has been especially challenging in that SWNT optical and electronic properties are highly sensitive to environmental interactions, which can be particularly severe in composite matrices. Percolation of SWNTs into aqueous silica gels shows promise as an important route for exploiting their properties, but retention of the aqueous and surfactant environment still impacts and limits optical response, while also limiting the range of conditions in which these materials may be applied. Here, we present for the first time an innovative approach to obtain highly fluorescent solution-free SWNT-silica aerogels, which provides access to novel photophysical properties. Strongly blue-shifted spectral features, revelation of new diameter-dependent gas-phase adsorption phenomena, and significant increase (approximately three times that at room temperature) in photoluminescence intensities at cryogenic temperatures all indicate greatly reduced SWNT-matrix interactions consistent with the SWNTs experiencing a surfactant-free environment. The results demonstrate that this solid-state nanomaterial will play an important role in further revealing the true intrinsic SWNT chemical and photophysical behaviors and represent for the first time a promising new solution- and surfactant-free material for advancing SWNT applications in sensing, photonics, and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan G Duque
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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41
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Boghossian AA, Zhang J, Barone PW, Reuel NF, Kim JH, Heller DA, Ahn JH, Hilmer AJ, Rwei A, Arkalgud JR, Zhang CT, Strano MS. Near-infrared fluorescent sensors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes for life sciences applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:848-63. [PMID: 21751417 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Many properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) make them ideal candidates for sensors, particularly for biological systems. Both their fluorescence in the near-infrared range of 820-1600 nm, where absorption by biological tissues is often minimal, and their inherent photostability are desirable attributes for the design of in vitro and in vivo sensors. The mechanisms by which a target molecule can selectively alter the fluorescent emission include primarily changes in emission wavelength (i.e., solvatochromism) and intensity, including effects such as charge-transfer transition bleaching and exciton quenching. The central challenge lies in engineering the nanotube interface to be selective for the analyte of interest. In this work, we review the recent development in this area over the past few years, and describe the design rules that we have developed for detecting various analytes, ranging from stable small molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) to macromolecules. Applications to in vivo sensor measurements using these sensors are also described. In addition, the emerging field of SWCNT-based single-molecule detection using band gap fluorescence and the recent efforts to accurately quantify and utilize this unique class of stochastic sensors are also described in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardemis A Boghossian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Huang H, Zou M, Xu X, Liu F, Li N, Wang X. Near-infrared fluorescence spectroscopy of single-walled carbon nanotubes and its applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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He L, Lin D, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Che J. Electroactive SWNT/PEGDA hybrid hydrogel coating for bio-electrode interface. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 87:273-9. [PMID: 21676598 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Electric interface between neural tissue and electrode plays a significant role in the development of implanted devices for continuous monitoring and functional stimulation of central nervous system in terms of electroactivity, biocompatibility and long-term stability. To engineer an interface that possesses these merits, a polymeric hydrogel based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were employed to fabricate a hybrid hydrogel via covalent anchoring strategy, i.e., self-assembly of cysteamine (Cys) followed by Michael addition between Cys and PEGDA. XPS characterization proves that the Cys molecules are linked to gold surface via the strong S-Au bond and that the PEGDA macromers are covalently bonded to Cys. FTIR spectra indicate the formation of hybrid hydrogel coating during photopolymerization. Electrochemical measurements using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectrum clearly show the enhancement of electric properties to the hydrogel by the SWNTs. The charge transfer of the hybrid hydrogel-based electrode is quasi-reversible and charge transfer resistance decreases to the tenth of that of the pure hydrogel due to electron hopping along the SWNTs. Additionally, this hybrid hydrogel provides a favorable biomimetic microenvironment for cell attachment and growth due to its inherent biocompatibility. Combination of these merits yields hybrid hydrogels that can be good candidates for application to biosensors and biomedical devices. More importantly, the hybrid hydrogel coatings fabricated via the current strategy have good adhesion to the electrode substrate which is highly desired for chronically implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Chen JK, Li JY. Synthesis of tethered poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for detection of breast cancer recurrence DNA. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 358:454-61. [PMID: 21481404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have grafted temperature-responsive tethered poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) onto silicon surfaces through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) as a medium to extract human genomic DNA molecules from a biological specimen, namely human blood incorporating target DNA (hgDNA584) and control DNA (hgDNA528) at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 50 ng μL(-1). The variable adhesion forces of the tethered PNIPAAm brushes on the surfaces were used to capture and release DNA molecules through changes in temperature. After amplifying the signal of the hgDNA584 and hgDNA528 strands released from the tethered PNIPAAm on the substrate using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we identified these DNA macromolecules using agarose gel electrophoresis. The accuracy of the detection of hgDNA584 and hgDNA528 was controlled through the design of specific primers in the PCR process. The quantities of these two DNA molecules obtained through the capture and release from tethered PNIPAAm brushes under temperature tuning conditions were sufficient for them to be amplified recognizably, suggesting that this approach could be used in miniaturized lab-on-a-chip cartridges for rapid disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jem-Kun Chen
- Department of Polymer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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45
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Yoon H, Ahn JH, Barone PW, Yum K, Sharma R, Boghossian AA, Han JH, Strano MS. Periplasmic Binding Proteins as Optical Modulators of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Fluorescence: Amplifying a Nanoscale Actuator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201006167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Yoon H, Ahn JH, Barone PW, Yum K, Sharma R, Boghossian AA, Han JH, Strano MS. Periplasmic Binding Proteins as Optical Modulators of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Fluorescence: Amplifying a Nanoscale Actuator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1828-31. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Dvir T, Timko BP, Kohane DS, Langer R. Nanotechnological strategies for engineering complex tissues. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 6:13-22. [PMID: 21151110 PMCID: PMC4059057 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2010.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 866] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims at developing functional substitutes for damaged tissues and organs. Before transplantation, cells are generally seeded on biomaterial scaffolds that recapitulate the extracellular matrix and provide cells with information that is important for tissue development. Here we review the nanocomposite nature of the extracellular matrix, describe the design considerations for different tissues and discuss the impact of nanostructures on the properties of scaffolds and their uses in monitoring the behaviour of engineered tissues. We also examine the different nanodevices used to trigger certain processes for tissue development, and offer our view on the principal challenges and prospects of applying nanotechnology in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Dvir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Brian P. Timko
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Daniel S. Kohane
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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48
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Pickup JC, Zhi ZL, Khan F, Saxl TE. Nanomedicine in diabetes management: where we are now and where next. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010; 5:791-794. [PMID: 30780832 DOI: 10.1586/eem.10.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John C Pickup
- a Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Zheng-Liang Zhi
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Faaizah Khan
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tania E Saxl
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
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Cash KJ, Clark HA. Nanosensors and nanomaterials for monitoring glucose in diabetes. Trends Mol Med 2010; 16:584-93. [PMID: 20869318 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, diabetes is a rapidly growing problem that is managed at the individual level by monitoring and controlling blood glucose levels to minimize the negative effects of the disease. Because of limitations in diagnostic methods, significant research efforts are focused on developing improved methods to measure glucose. Nanotechnology has impacted these efforts by increasing the surface area of sensors, improving the catalytic properties of electrodes and providing nanoscale sensors. Here, we discuss developments in the past several years on both nanosensors that directly measure glucose and nanomaterials that improve glucose sensor function. Finally, we discuss challenges that must be overcome to apply these developments in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Cash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 110 Mugar Life Sciences Building, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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