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Sura MB, Cheng YX. Medicinal plant resin natural products: structural diversity and biological activities. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38787644 DOI: 10.1039/d4np00007b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the mid of 2023Plants secrete defense resins rich in small-molecule natural products under abiotic and biotic stresses. This comprehensive review encompasses the literature published up to mid-2023 on medicinal plant resin natural products from six main contributor genera, featuring 275 citations that refer to 1115 structurally diverse compounds. The scope of this review extends to include essential information such as the racemic nature of metabolites found in different species of plant resins, source of resins, and revised structures. Additionally, we carefully analyze the reported biological activities of resins, organizing them based on the their structures. The findings offer important insights into the relationship between their structure and activity. Furthermore, this detailed examination can be valuable for researchers and scientists in the field of medicinal plant resin natural products and will promote continued exploration and progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Babu Sura
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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2
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Kobayashi A, Saito Y, Miyake K, Fukuyoshi S, Newman DJ, O'Keefe BR, Lee KH, Nakagawa-Goto K. Caged Xanthones and Biphenyls Isolated from the Tropical Plant Garcinia lateriflora. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:266-275. [PMID: 38251859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Four cytotoxic heptacyclic caged-xanthones [gambogefic acids B-E (1-4)], a cytotoxic hexacyclic caged-xanthone [garcilatelic acid (5)], and four biphenyl derivatives [garcilatelibiphenyls A-D (6-9)] were newly isolated in a phytochemical study of a 50% MeOH/CH2Cl2 extract of Garcinia lateriflora (Clusiaceae). The isolated compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against five human tumor cell lines including a vincristine-resistant line. The new caged-xanthones displayed potent activity with IC50 values from 0.5 to 6.7 μM against all tested tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Kobayashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yohei Saito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsunori Miyake
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shuichi Fukuyoshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - David J Newman
- NIH Special Volunteer, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, United States
| | - Barry R O'Keefe
- Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NCI at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United States
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NCI at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United States
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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3
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He R, Jia B, Peng D, Chen W. Caged Polyprenylated Xanthones in Garcinia hanburyi and the Biological Activities of Them. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3625-3660. [PMID: 38076632 PMCID: PMC10710250 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s426685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The previous phytochemical analyses of Garcinia hanburyi revealed that the main structural characteristic associated with its biological activity is the caged polyprenylated xanthones with a unique 4-oxatricyclo [4.3.1.03,7] dec-2-one scaffold, which contains a highly substituted tetrahydrofuran ring with three quaternary carbons. Based on the progress in research of the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and modification methods of the caged polyprenylated xanthones, this paper presents a preliminary predictive analysis of their drug-like properties based on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADME/T) properties. It was found out that these compounds have very similar pharmacokinetic properties because they possess the same caged xanthone structure, the 9,10-double bond in a,b-unsaturated ketones are critical for the antitumor activity. The author believes that there is an urgent need to seek new breakthroughs in the study of these caged polyprenylated xanthones. Thus, the research on the route of administration, therapeutic effect, structural modification and development of such active ingredients is of great interest. It is hoped that this paper will provide ideas for researchers to develop and utilize the active ingredients derived from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixi He
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Buyun Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Ye YS, Duan YT, Zhou Z, Thepkaysone K, Douangdeuane B, Xu G. Structurally Diverse Cytotoxic Polyphenols from Garcinia gracilis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2206-2215. [PMID: 37650785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-five diverse polyphenols, belonging to seven structure classes, were isolated from Garcinia gracilis, a medicinal and edible plant sampled from Laos. The structures of nine new compounds, gargarcilones A-I (1-3, 5-7, 10, 12, and 17), were established using spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction, and experimental and calculated ECD methods. Additionally, we revised the stereochemical assignment of cochinchinoxanthone and cochinchinoxanthone C. The compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, MDA-MB-231, and SW480). Compounds 1-4, 7, and 8 exhibited cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 0.5-8.9 μM. Compound 3 significantly induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Song Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Tao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Khamphanh Thepkaysone
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Phonepapao Village, Sisattanack District, 856 Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Bounleuane Douangdeuane
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Phonepapao Village, Sisattanack District, 856 Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Li H, Liu Y, Zhao K, Wei S, Sugarman ET, Liu L, Zhang G. Targeting HSP90 as a Novel Therapy for Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Relevance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182778. [PMID: 36139353 PMCID: PMC9497295 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP90), a highly conserved molecular chaperon, is indispensable for the maturation of newly synthesized poly-peptides and provides a shelter for the turnover of misfolded or denatured proteins. In cancers, the client proteins of HSP90 extend to the entire process of oncogenesis that are associated with all hallmarks of cancer. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the client proteins are guided for proteasomal degradation when their complexes with HSP90 are disrupted. Accordingly, HSP90 and its co-chaperones have emerged as viable targets for the development of cancer therapeutics. Consequently, a number of natural products and their analogs targeting HSP90 have been identified. They have shown a strong inhibitory effect on various cancer types through different mechanisms. The inhibitors act by directly binding to either HSP90 or its co-chaperones/client proteins. Several HSP90 inhibitors—such as geldanamycin and its derivatives, gamitrinib and shepherdin—are under clinical evaluation with promising results. Here, we review the subcellular localization of HSP90, its corresponding mechanism of action in the malignant phenotypes, and the recent progress on the development of HSP90 inhibitors. Hopefully, this comprehensive review will shed light on the translational potential of HSP90 inhibitors as novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Houde Li
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kejia Zhao
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyou Wei
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Eric T. Sugarman
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gao Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence:
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Hatami E, Nagesh PKB, Chauhan N, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. In Situ Nanoparticle Self-Assembly for Combination Delivery of Therapeutics to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1104-1119. [PMID: 35179871 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy often experiences several challenges including severe systemic toxicity and adverse effects. The combination chemotherapy arose as an effective clinical practice aimed at reducing doses of drugs to achieve synergistic actions with low toxicity. Our recent efforts demonstrated a synergistic therapeutic benefit of gambogic acid (GA) and gemcitabine (Gem) against lung cancer. However, simultaneous delivery of these two drugs at the tumor site is highly challenging. Therefore, the development of an injectable formulation that can effectively deliver both hydrophobic (GA) and hydrophilic (Gem) drugs in one formulation is a clinically unmet need. Herein, this study reports an in situ human serum albumin (HSA)- and tannic acid (TA)-mediated complexed GA and Gem nanoparticles (G-G@HTA NPs). G-G@HTA NP formation was confirmed by the particle size, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The superior therapeutic activity of G-G@HTA NPs was demonstrated by multiple in vitro functional assays. Additionally, G-G@HTA NPs revealed an obvious and precise targeting of tumors in vivo. The promoted and more synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of G-G@HTA NPs was attained than that of combined treatments and single drug treatments. These events have resulted in no apparent systemic and organ toxicities. Together, this study suggests that in situ HSA-TA-based combinatorial treatment strategy is a suitable approach for application in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hatami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Prashanth K B Nagesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States.,Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
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Nguyen A, Böttger R, Ong CY, Chao PH, Wu J, Rouhollahi E, Chen Y, Li SD. Interplay Between the Linker and Polymer Molecular Weight of a Self-Assembling Prodrug on the Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Efficacy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3122-3136. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01947c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble small hydrophobic compounds can be conjugated to a hydrophilic polymer such as methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) to form amphiphilic prodrugs that can self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) with increased aqueous...
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8
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Zhang X, Song Z, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang S, Reid AM, Lall N, Zhang J, Wang C, Lee D, Ohizumi Y, Xu J, Guo Y. Cytotoxic and Antiangiogenetic Xanthones Inhibiting Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis from Garcinia xipshuanbannaensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1515-1523. [PMID: 33905250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eight prenylated xanthones including four new analogues were extracted and purified from the leaves of Garcinia xipshuanbannaensis. Multiple techniques including UV, 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS were used to determine the structures of the isolated xanthones. These xanthones were evaluated for their cytotoxicity toward human cancer cells, and compound 4 exhibited activity against HeLa cells. A cytotoxic mechanism examination revealed the active compound induced cell apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle, increasing the levels of ROS, and inhibiting the expression of p-STAT3 in HeLa cells. In in vivo zebrafish experiments, compound 4 was found to block tumor proliferation and migration and have antiangiogenetic activity, and thus seems worthy of further laboratory evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziteng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Anna-Mari Reid
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimigaoka, Aoba-ku, Sendai 989-3201, Japan
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
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Gao X, Dai J, Li G, Dai X. Gambogic acid protects LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia through the regulation of TrkA/Akt signaling pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:28. [PMID: 33971977 PMCID: PMC8112032 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this work, we investigated the effects of gambogic acid (GA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia. Method Human WI-38 cells were maintained in vitro and incubated with various concentrations of GA to examine WI-38 survival. GA-preincubated WI-38 cells were then treated with LPS to investigate the protective effects of GA on LPS-induced death, apoptosis and inflammation. Western blot assay was utilized to analyze the effect of GA on tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) signaling pathway in LPS-treated WI-38 cells. In addition, human AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) gene was knocked down in WI-38 cells to further investigate the associated genetic mechanisms of GA in protecting LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. Results Pre-incubating WI-38 cells with low and medium concentrations GA protected LPS-induced cell death, apoptosis and inflammatory protein productions of IL-6 and MCP-1. Using western blot assay, it was demonstrated that GA promoted TrkA phosphorylation and Akt activation in LPS-treated WI-38 cells. Knocking down Akt gene in WI-38 cells showed that GA-associated protections against LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation were significantly reduced. Conclusions GA protected LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation, possibly through the activations of TrkA and Akt signaling pathway. This work may broaden our understanding on the molecular mechanisms of human neonatal pneumonia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-021-00496-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, 061000, China
| | - Jingya Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, 061001, China
| | - Guifang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, 061000, China
| | - Xinya Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, 061000, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, 061001, China.
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10
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Hatami E, Nagesh PKB, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. Gambogic acid potentiates gemcitabine induced anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173486. [PMID: 32805254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent type of lung cancer accounting up to 80-85% of all lung cancer (LC) cases. Gemcitabine (Gem), a pyrimidine nucleoside antimetabolite, is widely used chemotherapy offering several months survival benefit in patients with NSCLC. The emergence of Gem resistance is a main clinical concern in cancer treatment and thus a continuous demand for development of new therapeutic strategies to improve its antitumor activity. Hence, we report an adjuvant therapeutic regimen based on natural compound, gambogic acid (GA) which has been shown to enhanced Gem induced inhibition of cancer cell growth, arrest cell cycle, and induce apoptosis by enhanced accumulation of Gem. The in vitro cell viability, clonogenicity, invasion, and migration assays demonstrated a significant higher therapeutic effect of Gem when it was combined with GA in A549 and H1299 cells. A better access of internalization of drug molecules achieved in rhodamine 123 assay when GA was used as adjuvant treatment. Further, GA and Gem combination significantly reduced tubular formation of HUVEC cells indicates lowering angiogenesis potential. Microarray and Western blot studies confirm that GA + Gem co-treatment strategy promotes cancer cell death by downregulating anti-apoptotic proteins, chemoresistance-associated proteins, and upregulation of apoptosis proteins. More importantly, a significant higher therapeutic benefit was noticed for GA and Gem combination in A549 xenograft mice model. Together, these results offer a rationale to evaluate the clinical translational possibility of GA as adjuvant therapy to overcome Gem resistance. This combination regimen can be a new therapeutic concept to eradicate this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hatami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Prashanth K B Nagesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; The South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; The South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; The South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.
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11
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Li XY, Zu YY, Ning W, Tang MX, Gong C, Niu SL, Hua HM. A new xanthyletin-type coumarin from the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2020; 22:287-294. [PMID: 30621449 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1551887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new xanthyletin-type coumarin, neopeucedalactone (1), was isolated from the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. Its chemical structure was elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic interpretation. The absolute configurations of xanthyletin-type coumarin were determined by comparing experimental and calculated ECD spectra for the first time. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cell growth inhibitory activities in vitro against human leukemic HL-60, THP-1 cell lines, and human prostate cancer PC-3 cell lines, with IC50 values of 9.97, 27.80, and 48.68 µM, respectively. [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wei Ning
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ming-Xu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chi Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sheng-Li Niu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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12
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Nguyen A, Ando H, Böttger R, DurgaRao Viswanadham KK, Rouhollahi E, Ishida T, Li SD. Utilization of click chemistry to study the effect of poly(ethylene)glycol molecular weight on the self-assembly of PEGylated gambogic acid nanoparticles for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4626-4637. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00711k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry was used to study the effect of varied PEG molecular weights on the self-assembly of PEG-gambogic acid (GA) conjugates into nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
- Subdivision of Biopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Health Biosciences
- The University of Tokushima
- Tokushima
| | - Roland Böttger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | | | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
- Subdivision of Biopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Health Biosciences
- The University of Tokushima
- Tokushima
| | - Shyh-Dar Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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13
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Chiral resolution of a caged xanthone and evaluation across a broad spectrum of breast cancer subtypes. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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Abstract
The stilbenoid combretastatin and its derivatives are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis and cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. They disrupt cytoskeletal dynamics and modulate cell morphology, motility, and invasion. Hence they have been viewed as potential as anticancer agents. The impediments of poor solubility and bioavailability and the spontaneous geometric isomerisation of combretastatin into an inactive form have led to intensive efforts towards evolving novel analogues to provide more efficacious biological outcome. Importantly, isomerically stable and biologically active cis-restricted analogues have been synthesised and tested. However, very few analogues have been tested in preclinical models to assess their effects on processes relevant to cancer development and progression. Hence the accent here is on the signalling systems operated by the new derivatives and their biological effects with reference to cancer progression. Combretastatins modulate an extensive network of signalling emphasising their varied versatility. Harnessing these systems and accentuating or counteracting aberrant signalling could open potential avenues of approach to the designing of novel derivatives with enhanced performance. The import of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, which co-ordinates growth factor receptor signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition activation and angiogenic signalling, is emphasised. It may be viewed as a prime target for allosteric inhibition in combination with combretastatin analogues to ascertain their potential in cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan V Sherbet
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California
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15
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Gatadi S, Gour J, Nanduri S. Natural product derived promising anti-MRSA drug leads: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3760-3774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Sukandar ER, Kaennakam S, Rassamee K, Ersam T, Siripong P, Tip-Pyang S. Tetrandraxanthones A-I, Prenylated and Geranylated Xanthones from the Stem Bark of Garcinia tetrandra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1312-1318. [PMID: 30978023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine new xanthones, tetrandraxanthones A-I (1-9), and 22 known xanthones (10-31) were isolated from Garcinia tetrandra stem bark. The structures of 1-9 were characterized through detailed spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and 2D NMR data. Among the compounds tested for their cytotoxicity, 26 showed significant cytotoxic effects against five human cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, HT-29, KB, Hep G2, and HeLa S3, with IC50 values in the range of 1.6-3.4 μM, while 10 and 11 were cytotoxic against the MCF-7, HeLa S3, and KB cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.3-9.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Risky Sukandar
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
- Natural Products and Synthesis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember , Kampus ITS Sukolilo , Surabaya 60111 , Indonesia
| | - Sutin Kaennakam
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
| | - Kitiya Rassamee
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division , National Cancer Institute , Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Taslim Ersam
- Natural Products and Synthesis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember , Kampus ITS Sukolilo , Surabaya 60111 , Indonesia
| | - Pongpun Siripong
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division , National Cancer Institute , Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Santi Tip-Pyang
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
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17
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Kaur G, Arora M, Ganugula R, Kumar MNVR. Double-headed nanosystems for oral drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4761-4764. [PMID: 30869656 PMCID: PMC6472980 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10021g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel strategy to engineer double-headed nanosystems by chemical modification of the carboxyl terminal polyester with a linker that offers tripodal arrangement of ligands on the particle surfaces. The in vivo results suggest that the bioavailability of encapsulated curcumin is proportional to the ligand density rendered by double-headed nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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18
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Ren Y, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Fuchs JR, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, Swanson SM, Kinghorn AD. Potential Anticancer Agents Characterized from Selected Tropical Plants. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:657-679. [PMID: 30830783 PMCID: PMC6441492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are well known for their value in affording clinically useful anticancer agents, with such compounds acting against cancer cells by a range of mechanisms of action. There remains a strong interest in the discovery and development of plant secondary metabolites as additional cancer chemotherapeutic lead compounds. In the present review, progress on the discovery of plant-derived compounds of the biflavonoid, lignan, sesquiterpene, steroid, and xanthone structural types is presented. Several potential anticancer leads of these types have been characterized from tropical plants collected in three countries as part of our ongoing collaborative multi-institutional project. Preliminary structure-activity relationships and work on in vivo testing and cellular mechanisms of action are also discussed. In addition, the relevant work reported by other groups on the same compound classes is included herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Djaja D. Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Steven M. Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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19
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Fernandes C, Carraro ML, Ribeiro J, Araújo J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Synthetic Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones: Biological Activities and Enantioselectivity Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E791. [PMID: 30813236 PMCID: PMC6412826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring xanthones are chiral and present a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Some of them have been exhaustively studied and subsequently, obtained by synthesis. In order to obtain libraries of compounds for structure activity relationship (SAR) studies as well as to improve the biological activity, new bioactive analogues and derivatives inspired in natural prototypes were synthetized. Bioactive natural xanthones compromise a large structural multiplicity of compounds, including a diversity of chiral derivatives. Thus, recently an exponential interest in synthetic chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) has been witnessed. The synthetic methodologies can afford structures that otherwise could not be reached within the natural products for biological activity and SAR studies. Another reason that justifies this trend is that both enantiomers can be obtained by using appropriate synthetic pathways, allowing the possibility to perform enantioselectivity studies. In this work, a literature review of synthetic CDXs is presented. The structures, the approaches used for their synthesis and the biological activities are described, emphasizing the enantioselectivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Letícia Carraro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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20
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Araújo J, Fernandes C, Pinto M, Tiritan ME. Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones with Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E314. [PMID: 30654546 PMCID: PMC6359477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the exacerbated use of antibiotics worldwide is increasing multi-resistant infections, especially in the last decade. Xanthones are a class of compounds receiving great interest in drug discovery and development that can be found as natural products or obtained by synthesis. Many derivatives of xanthones are chiral and associated with relevant biological activities, including antimicrobial. The aim of this review is to compile information about chiral derivatives of xanthones from natural sources and their synthesized examples with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Araújo
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
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21
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Niu SL, Li DH, Li XY, Wang YT, Li SG, Bai J, Pei YH, Jing YK, Li ZL, Hua HM. Bioassay- and Chemistry-Guided Isolation of Scalemic Caged Prenylxanthones from the Leaves of Garcinia bracteata. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:749-757. [PMID: 29565129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With bioassay- and chemistry-guided fractionation, seven new caged prenylxanthones including two scalemic mixtures, epiisobractatin (1), 13-hydroxyisobractatin (2), 13-hydroxyepiisobractatin (3), 8-methoxy-8,8a-dihydrobractatin (4), 8-ethoxy-8,8a-dihydrobractatin (5), garcibracteatone (6), and 8-methoxy-8,8a-dihydroneobractiatin (7), and the eight known compounds 8-15 were isolated from the leaves of Garcinia bracteata. The structures were unambiguously elucidated through analysis of spectroscopic data. The 2D structures and relative configurations of 1 and 5 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The separation of the enantiomers of 1-5 was accomplished by chiral-phase HPLC. The absolute configurations of the enantiomers of 1 and 5 were assigned by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The absolute configurations of the related compounds were determined via comparisons of their ECD data with those of the enantiomers of 1 and 5, respectively. Notably, compound 7, with a neo caged skeleton, is the first representative of a novel type of caged xanthone lacking a Δ8(8a) double bond. The isolated compounds exhibited significant cell growth inhibitory activities in vitro against human leukemic HL-60 and K562 cell lines, with GI50 values ranging from 0.2 to 8.8 μM. A preliminary structure-activity relationship is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Niu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , People's Republic of China
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22
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Sriyatep T, Tantapakul C, Andersen RJ, Patrick BO, Pyne SG, Muanprasat C, Seemakhan S, Borwornpinyo S, Laphookhieo S. Resolution and identification of scalemic caged xanthones from the leaf extract of Garcinia propinqua having potent cytotoxicities against colon cancer cells. Fitoterapia 2018; 124:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Henkin JM, Ren Y, Soejarto DD, Kinghorn AD. The Search for Anticancer Agents from Tropical Plants. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 107:1-94. [PMID: 30178270 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93506-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many of the clinically used anticancer agents in Western medicine are derived from secondary metabolites found in terrestrial microbes, marine organisms, and higher plants, with additional compounds of this type being currently in clinical trials. If plants are taken specifically, it is generally agreed that the prospects of encountering enhanced small organic-molecule chemical diversity are better if tropical rather than temperate species are investigated in drug discovery efforts. Plant collection in tropical source countries requires considerable preparation and organization to conduct in a responsible manner that abides by the provisions of the 1992 Rio Convention of Biological Diversity and the 2010 Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources. Correct taxonomic identifications and enhanced procedures for processing and documenting plant samples when collected in often difficult terrain are required. Phytochemical aspects of the work involve solvent fractionation, known compound dereplication, preliminary in vitro testing, and prioritization, leading to "activity-guided fractionation", compound structure determination, and analog development. Further evaluation of lead compounds requires solubility, formulation, preliminary pharmacokinetics, and in vivo testing in suitable models. Covering the work of the authors carried out in two sequential multidisciplinary, multi-institutional research projects, examples of very promising compounds discovered from plants acquired from Africa, Southeast Asia, the Americas, and the Caribbean region, and with potential anticancer activity will be mentioned. These include plant secondary metabolites of the diphyllin lignan, cyclopenta[b]benzofuran, triterpenoid, and tropane alkaloid types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Henkin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yulin Ren
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Djaja Djendoel Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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24
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Sriyatep T, Andersen RJ, Patrick BO, Pyne SG, Muanprasat C, Seemakhan S, Borwornpinyo S, Laphookhieo S. Scalemic Caged Xanthones Isolated from the Stem Bark Extract of Garcinia propinqua. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1658-1667. [PMID: 28489373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seven new caged xanthones, doitunggarcinones E-K (1-7), all as scalemic mixtures and 10 known compounds (8-17), were isolated from the stem bark extract of Garcinia propinqua. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The separation of the enantiomers of 1-6 was achieved by semipreparative chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of compound (+)-1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis using Cu Kα radiation. The absolute configurations of the other related compounds were determined from comparisons of their ECD spectra with that of compound (+)-1. Compounds (-)-6 and 7 showed cytotoxicity against a colon cancer cell line with IC50 values of 14.23 and 23.95 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerayut Sriyatep
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Stephen G Pyne
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sawinee Seemakhan
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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25
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Niu SL, Li DH, Wang YT, Wang KB, Lin B, Jing YK, Hua HM, Bai J, Li ZL. Neobraclactones A–C, three unprecedented chaise longue-shaped xanthones from Garcinia bracteata. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4901-4906. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three novel caged-polyprenylated xanthone derivatives, featuring an unusual scaffold with significant antitumor activity, were isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Niu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Da-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Yue-Tong Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Kai-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Kui Jing
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery
- Ministry of Education; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
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26
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Xu X, Wu Y, Hu M, Li X, Bao Q, Bian J, You Q, Zhang X. Novel Natural Product-like Caged Xanthones Bearing a Carbamate Moiety Exhibit Antitumor Potency and Anti-Angiogenesis Activity In vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35771. [PMID: 27767192 PMCID: PMC5073322 DOI: 10.1038/srep35771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DDO-6101, a simplified structure obtained from the Garcinia natural product (NP) gambogic acid (GA), has been previously shown to possess high cytotoxicity to a variety of human tumour cell lines. To improve its physicochemical properties and in vivo cytotoxic potency, a series of novel carbamate-bearing derivatives based on DDO-6101 was synthesized and characterized. The structural modifications revealed that the presence of a carbamate moiety was useful for obtaining comparable cytotoxicity and improved aqueous solubility and permeability. 8n, which contains a bipiperidine carbamate moiety, displayed better drug properties and potential in in vivo antitumor activity. In addition, an antitumor mechanistic study suggested that 8n (DDO-6337) inhibited the ATPase activity of Hsp90 (Heat shock protein 90), leading to the inhibition of HIF-1a and ultimately contributing to its anti-angiogenesis and antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qichao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Molecular targets of gambogic acid in cancer: recent trends and advancements. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12915-12925. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Caged polyprenylated xanthones from the resin of Garcinia hanburyi. Fitoterapia 2016; 109:106-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
The 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone responsible for the stability and function of a wide variety of client proteins that are critical for cell growth and survival. Many of these client proteins are frequently mutated and/or overexpressed in cancer cells and are therefore being actively pursued as individual therapeutic targets. Consequently, Hsp90 inhibition offers a promising strategy for simultaneous degradation of several anticancer targets. Currently, most Hsp90 inhibitors under clinical evaluation act by blocking the binding of ATP to the Hsp90 N-terminal domain and thereby, induce the degradation of many Hsp90-dependent oncoproteins. Although, they have shown some promising initial results, clinical challenges such as induction of the heat-shock response, retinopathy, and gastrointestinal tract toxicity are emerging from human trials, which constantly raise concerns about the future development of these inhibitors. Novobiocin derivatives, which do not bind the chaperone's N-terminal ATPase pocket, have emerged over the past decade as an alternative strategy to inhibit Hsp90, but to date, no derivative has been investigated in the clinical setting. In recent years, a number of natural or synthetic compounds have been identified that modulate Hsp90 function via various mechanisms. These compounds not only offer new chemotypes for the development of future Hsp90 inhibitors but can also serve as chemical probes to unravel the biology of Hsp90. This chapter presents a synopsis of inhibitors that directly, allosterically, or even indirectly alters Hsp90 function, and highlights their proposed mechanisms of action.
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Zhou Y, Li W, Zhang X, Zhang H, Xiao Y. Global profiling of cellular targets of gambogic acid by quantitative chemical proteomics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14035-14038. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07581a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gambogic acid has shown significant potential as an anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory compound, here we report that the target profiling of gambogic acid in human cancer cells via quantitative chemical proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Weichao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xixi Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100039
- China
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
| | - Haibing Zhang
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Youli Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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31
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Yue Q, Feng L, Cao B, Liu M, Zhang D, Wu W, Jiang B, Yang M, Liu X, Guo D. Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Important Role of Vimentin in Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cells Treated With Gambogic Acid. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:26-44. [PMID: 26499837 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.053272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA) is an anticancer agent in phase IIb clinical trial in China. In HeLa cells, GA inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis, as showed by results of MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis. Possible target-related proteins of GA were searched using comparative proteomic analysis (2-DE) and nine proteins at early (3 h) stage together with nine proteins at late (24 h) stage were found. Vimentin was the only target-related protein found at both early and late stage. Results of both 2-DE analysis and Western blotting assay suggested cleavage of vimentin induced by GA. MS/MS analysis of cleaved vimentin peptides indicated possible cleavage sites of vimentin at or near ser51 and glu425. Results of targeted proteomic analysis showed that GA induced change in phosphorylation state of the vimentin head domain (aa51-64). Caspase inhibitors could not abrogate GA-induced cleavage of vimentin. Over-expression of vimentin ameliorated cytotoxicity of GA in HeLa cells. The GA-activated signal transduction, from p38 MAPK, heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), vimentin, dysfunction of cytoskeleton, to cell death, was predicted and then confirmed. Results of animal study showed that GA treatment inhibited tumor growth in HeLa tumor-bearing mice and cleavage of vimentin could be observed in tumor xenografts of GA-treated animals. Results of immunohistochemical staining also showed down-regulated vimentin level in tumor xenografts of GA-treated animals. Furthermore, compared with cytotoxicity of GA in HeLa cells, cytotoxicity of GA in MCF-7 cells with low level of vimentin was weaker whereas cytotoxicity of GA in MG-63 cells with high level of vimentin was stronger. These results indicated the important role of vimentin in the cytotoxicity of GA. The effects of GA on vimentin and other epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers provided suggestion for better usage of GA in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Yue
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; §Institute of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; ¶College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Lixing Feng
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- ‖College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohong Jiang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dean Guo
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; ¶College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Elbel KM, Guizzunti G, Theodoraki MA, Xu J, Batova A, Dakanali M, Theodorakis EA. A-ring oxygenation modulates the chemistry and bioactivity of caged Garcinia xanthones. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:3341-8. [PMID: 23563530 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40395e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural products of the caged Garcinia xanthones (CGX) family are characterized by a unique chemical structure, potent bioactivities and promising pharmacological profiles. We have developed a Claisen/Diels-Alder reaction cascade that, in combination with a Pd(0)-catalyzed reverse prenylation, provides rapid and efficient access to the CGX pharmacophore, represented by the structure of cluvenone. To further explore this pharmacophore, we have synthesized various A-ring oxygenated analogues of cluvenone and have evaluated their bioactivities in terms of growth inhibition, mitochondrial fragmentation, induction of mitochondrial-dependent cell death and Hsp90 client inhibition. We found that installation of an oxygen functionality at various positions of the A-ring influences significantly both the site-selectivity of the Claisen/Diels-Alder reaction and the bioactivity of these compounds, due to remote electronic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna M Elbel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
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Dai M, Yuan X, Kang J, Zhu ZJ, Yue RC, Yuan H, Chen BY, Zhang WD, Liu RH, Sun QY. Synthesis and biological evaluation of phenyl substituted polyoxygenated xanthone derivatives as anti-hepatoma agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 69:159-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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Zhang XJ, Li X, Yang YR, Sun HP, Gao Y, Zhang L, Wang JX, Guo QL, You QD. Studies on chemical-structure modification and structure-activity relationship of gambogic acid derivatives at carbon(34). Chem Biodivers 2013; 9:2295-308. [PMID: 23081928 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA), a natural product, was identified as a promising antitumor agent. To further explore the structure-activity relationship of GA and discover novel GA derivatives as antitumor agents, 19 novel GA derivatives modified at C(34) were synthesized and evaluated against A549, BGC-823, U251, HepG2, and MB-231 cancer cell lines by cellular assays. Among them, 15 compounds were found to be more potent than GA against some cancer cell lines. Notably, compound 3 possessed potent inhibitory activities against five cell lines with IC(50) values ranging between 0.24 and 1.09 μM. Compounds 9 and 18 were seven to eightfold more active than GA against A549 cell line. Chemical modification at C(34) of GA by introducing of hydrophilic aliphatic amines resulted in increased activity and improved drug-like properties. These findings will enhance our understanding of the SAR of GA and can lead to the discovery of novel GA derivatives as potential antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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35
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Zhang X, Li X, Sun H, Wang X, Zhao L, Gao Y, Liu X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zeng S, Guo Q, You Q. Garcinia xanthones as orally active antitumor agents. J Med Chem 2012; 56:276-92. [PMID: 23167526 DOI: 10.1021/jm301593r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Using a newly developed strategy whose key step is the regioselective propargylation of hydroxyxanthone substrates, 99 structurally diverse Garcinia natural-product-like xanthones based on gambogic acid were designed and synthesized and their in vitro antitumor activity was evaluated. A set of 40 related compounds was chosen for determination of their physicochemical properties including polar surface area, log D₇.₄, aqueous solubility, and permeability at pH 7.4. In the light of the in vitro antitumor activity and the physicochemical properties, two compounds were advanced into in vivo efficacy experiments. The antitumor activity of compound 112, administered po, showed more potent in vivo oral antitumor activity than gambogic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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36
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Xia ZX, Zhang DD, Liang S, Lao YZ, Zhang H, Tan HS, Chen SL, Wang XH, Xu HX. Bioassay-guided isolation of prenylated xanthones and polycyclic acylphloroglucinols from the leaves of Garcinia nujiangensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1459-64. [PMID: 22871217 DOI: 10.1021/np3003639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the acetone extract of the leaves of Garcinia nujiangensis resulted in the isolation of two new prenylated xanthones, nujiangexanthones A (1) and B (2), three new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, nujiangefolins A-C (3-5), and 10 known related analogues. The structures of compounds 1-5 were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 3 and 4 are unusual polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols in which the enol hydroxy group forms a six-membered ring with a benzene ring carbon. The compounds isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against 11 cancer cell lines and immortalized MIHA normal liver cells, and the test substances demonstrated selectivity toward the cancer cells. Isojacareubin (6) was found to be the most potent cytotoxic compound of those tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xiang Xia
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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37
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Yang J, Li C, Ding L, Guo Q, You Q, Jin S. Gambogic acid deactivates cytosolic and mitochondrial thioredoxins by covalent binding to the functional domain. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1108-1116. [PMID: 22663155 DOI: 10.1021/np300118c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (1) is a cytotoxic caged xanthone derived from the resin of Garcinia hanburyi. Compound 1 selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells, at least partially, by targeting the stress response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the molecular mechanism of ROS toxicity stimulated by 1 remains poorly understood. In this study, mass spectrometric and biochemical pharmacological approaches were used that resulted in the identification of both cytosolic thioredoxin (TRX-1) and mitochondrial thioredoxin (TRX-2) as the molecular targets of 1. The results obtained showed that 1 deactivates TRX-1/2 proteins by covalent binding to the active cysteine residues in the functional domain via Michael addition reactions. Since both TRX-1 and TRX-2 play key roles in regulating the redox signaling of cancer cells, the present findings may shed light on the relationship between protein binding and cellular ROS accumulation induced by 1. This provides support for the current clinical trials of gambogic acid (1) being conducted alone or in combination with other agents that appear to increase ROS generation in order to selectively kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Anantachoke N, Tuchinda P, Kuhakarn C, Pohmakotr M, Reutrakul V. Prenylated caged xanthones: chemistry and biology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:78-91. [PMID: 22196584 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.636176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prenylated caged xanthones are "privileged structure" characterized by the presence of the unusual 4-oxo-tricyclo[4.3.1.0(3,7)]dec-8-en-2-one scaffold. The natural sources of these compounds confines mainly in the Garcinia genus in the family of Guttiferae. Gambogic acid is the most abundant substance and most of the studies have been done on this compound, particularly as a new potential antitumor agent. The history, sources, structural diversity, and biological activities of these compounds are covered. OBJECTIVE This review is written with the intention to provide additional aspects from what have been published of prenylated caged xanthones, including history, sources, structural diversity, and biological activities. METHODS This review has been compiled using information from a number of reliable references mainly from major databases including SciFinder, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. RESULTS More than 120 prenylated caged xanthones have been found in the plant genera Garcinia, Cratoxylum, and Dascymaschalon. These compounds exhibited various potentially useful biological activities such as anticancer, anti-HIV-1, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neurotrophic activities. CONCLUSIONS Prenylated caged xanthones, both naturally occurring and synthetic analogues, have been identified as promising bioactive compounds, especially for anticancer agents. Gambogic acid has been demonstrated to be a highly valuable lead compound for antitumor chemotherapy. The structure activity relationship (SAR) study of its analogues is still the subject of intensive research. Apoptosis cytotoxic mechanism has been identified as the major pathway. Research on the delineation of the in-depth mechanism of action is still on-going. Analogues of gambogic acid had been identified to be effective against a rare and special form of liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma for which currently there is no chemotherapeutic treatment available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy and The Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kinghorn AD, Pan L, Fletcher JN, Chai H. The relevance of higher plants in lead compound discovery programs. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011. [PMID: 21650152 DOI: 10.1021/np100882h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Along with compounds from terrestrial microorganisms, the constituents of higher plants have provided a substantial number of the natural product-derived drugs used currently in Western medicine. Interest in the elucidation of new structures of the secondary metabolite constituents of plants has remained high among the natural products community over the first decade of the 21st century, particularly of species that are used in systems of traditional medicine or are utilized as botanical dietary supplements. In this review, progress made in the senior author's laboratory in research work on naturally occurring sweeteners and other taste-modifying substances and on potential anticancer agents from tropical plants will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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40
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Kinghorn AD, Pan L, Fletcher JN, Chai H. The relevance of higher plants in lead compound discovery programs. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1539-55. [PMID: 21650152 PMCID: PMC3158731 DOI: 10.1021/np200391c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Along with compounds from terrestrial microorganisms, the constituents of higher plants have provided a substantial number of the natural product-derived drugs used currently in Western medicine. Interest in the elucidation of new structures of the secondary metabolite constituents of plants has remained high among the natural products community over the first decade of the 21st century, particularly of species that are used in systems of traditional medicine or are utilized as botanical dietary supplements. In this review, progress made in the senior author's laboratory in research work on naturally occurring sweeteners and other taste-modifying substances and on potential anticancer agents from tropical plants will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Davenport J, Manjarrez JR, Peterson L, Krumm B, Blagg BSJ, Matts RL. Gambogic acid, a natural product inhibitor of Hsp90. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1085-92. [PMID: 21486005 PMCID: PMC3103600 DOI: 10.1021/np200029q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput screening of natural product libraries identified (-)-gambogic acid (1), a component of the exudate of Garcinia harburyi, as a potential Hsp90 inhibitor, in addition to the known Hsp90 inhibitor celastrol (2). Subsequent testing established that 1 inhibited cell proliferation, brought about the degradation of Hsp90 client proteins in cultured cells, and induced the expression of Hsp70 and Hsp90, which are hallmarks of Hsp90 inhibition. Gambogic acid also disrupted the interaction of Hsp90, Hsp70, and Cdc37 with the heme-regulated eIF2α kinase (HRI, an Hsp90-dependent client) and blocked the maturation of HRI in vitro. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy indicated that 1 bound to the N-terminal domain of Hsp90 with a low micromolar Kd, in a manner that was not competitive with the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (3). Molecular docking experiments supported the posit that 1 binds Hsp90 at a site distinct from Hsp90s ATP binding pocket. The data obtained have firmly established 1 as a novel Hsp90 inhibitor and have provided evidence of a new site that can be targeted for the development of improved Hsp90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Davenport
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Jacob R. Manjarrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Laura Peterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Brian Krumm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Robert L. Matts
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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42
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Chen JLY, Sperry J, Ip NY, Brimble MA. Natural products targeting telomere maintenance. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00241k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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