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Hussain MK, Khatoon S, Khan MF, Akhtar MS, Ahamad S, Saquib M. Coumarins as versatile therapeutic phytomolecules: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155972. [PMID: 39265442 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coumarins, abundantly distributed in a plethora of biologically active compounds, serve as a fundamental motif in numerous natural products, drugs, and therapeutic leads. Despite their small size, they exhibit a diverse range of biological activities, intriguing researchers with their immense pharmacological potential. PURPOSE This study consolidates the evidence regarding the essential role of coumarins in modern drug discovery, exploring their broad-spectrum pharmaceutical effects, structural versatility, and mechanisms of action across various domains. METHODS For literature search, we utilized PubMed, Google scholar, and SciFinder databases. Keyword and keyword combinations such as "coumarins", "natural coumarins", "specific natural coumarins for particular diseases", and "therapeutic effects" were employed to retrieve relevant studies. The search encompassed articles published between 2005 and 2023. Selection criteria included studies reporting on the pharmacological activities of natural coumarins against various diseases. RESULTS The results highlight the therapeutic potential of natural coumarins against various diseases, demonstrating anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. They also act as monoamine oxidase inhibitors and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and as anti-thrombotic, anti-diabetic, and hepatoprotective agents. They also show efficacy against diabetic nephropathy, neurodegenerative diseases, microbial infections and many other diseases. CONCLUSION This review underscores the significant role of natural coumarins in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Their diverse biological activities and structural versatility make them promising therapeutic agents. This study serves as a catalyst for further research in the field, aiming to address emerging challenges and opportunities in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur 244901, M.J.P Rohil Khand University, Bareilly, India.
| | | | - Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Mohd Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Botany, Gandhi Faiz-e-Aam College, Shahjahanpur 242001, India
| | - Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211002, India; Department of Chemistry, G. R. P. B. Degree College, P. R. S. University, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211010, India.
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Singh A, Singh K, Kaur K, Singh A, Sharma A, Kaur K, Kaur J, Kaur G, Kaur U, Kaur H, Singh P, Bedi PMS. Coumarin as an Elite Scaffold in Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Development: Design Strategies, Mechanistic Insights, and Structure-Activity Relationships. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1192. [PMID: 38927399 PMCID: PMC11200728 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Currently, it poses a significant threat to the healthcare system due to the emerging resistance and toxicity of available drug candidates in clinical practice, thus generating an urgent need for the development of new potent and safer anti-breast cancer drug candidates. Coumarin (chromone-2-one) is an elite ring system widely distributed among natural products and possesses a broad range of pharmacological properties. The unique distribution and pharmacological efficacy of coumarins attract natural product hunters, resulting in the identification of numerous natural coumarins from different natural sources in the last three decades, especially those with anti-breast cancer properties. Inspired by this, numerous synthetic derivatives based on coumarins have been developed by medicinal chemists all around the globe, showing promising anti-breast cancer efficacy. This review is primarily focused on the development of coumarin-inspired anti-breast cancer agents in the last three decades, especially highlighting design strategies, mechanistic insights, and their structure-activity relationship. Natural coumarins having anti-breast cancer efficacy are also briefly highlighted. This review will act as a guideline for researchers and medicinal chemists in designing optimum coumarin-based potent and safer anti-breast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | | | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Jaskirat Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Uttam Kaur
- University School of Business Management, Chandigarh University, Gharuan 140413, Mohali, India;
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (H.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Prabhsimran Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (H.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (K.S.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (G.K.)
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
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Krasnov VS, Kirsanov RS, Khailova LS, Firsov AM, Nazarov PA, Tashlitsky VN, Korshunova GA, Kotova EA, Antonenko YN. Alkyl esters of umbelliferone-4-acetic acid as protonophores in bilayer lipid membranes and ALDH2-dependent soft uncouplers in rat liver mitochondria. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pájaro-González Y, Oliveros-Díaz AF, Cabrera-Barraza J, Fernández-Daza E, Reyes N, Montes-Guevara OA, Caro-Fuentes D, Franco-Ospina L, Quiñones- Fletcher W, Quave CL, Díaz-Castillo F. Mammea B/BA Isolated From the Seeds of Mammea americana L. (Calophyllaceae) is a Potent Inhibitor of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:826404. [PMID: 35359842 PMCID: PMC8961693 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus remains a pathogen of high concern in public health programs worldwide due to antibiotic resistance and emergence of highly virulent strains. Many phytochemicals have demonstrated activity against S. aureus and other Gram-positive bacteria, but the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values comparable to commonly used antibiotics are needed. In the present study, bio-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of seeds of Mammea americana L. (Calophyllaceae) throughout the antibacterial activity, against S. aureus strains that are sensitive and resistant to methicillin, led to the isolation of four coumarins identified as mammea B/BA, mammea B/BC, mammea A/AA cyclo D and mammea A/AA cyclo F, and a mixture of mammea B/BA cyclo F plus mammea B/BD cyclo F. The extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus with MIC values of 2–4 μg/ml and Mammea B/BA (MaBBA) presented MIC values in a range between 0.5 and 1.0 μg/ml in six methicillin-sensitive strains and eight methicillin-resistant strains evaluated. We consider MaBBA the most potent of all mammea coumarins reported to date, according to the literature review carried out at the time of writing of this article. Toxicity assessment in vivo against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and in vitro against human fibroblasts of the extract and the compound MaBBA indicated that both had low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Pájaro-González
- Laboratory of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Researches, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- Research Group in Healthcare Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Yina Pájaro-González, ; Fredyc Díaz-Castillo,
| | - Andrés F. Oliveros-Díaz
- Laboratory of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Researches, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Julián Cabrera-Barraza
- Laboratory of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Researches, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Fernández-Daza
- Laboratory of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Researches, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Niradiz Reyes
- Research Group Genetic and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Oscar A. Montes-Guevara
- Research Group Genetic and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Daneiva Caro-Fuentes
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Luis Franco-Ospina
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Cassandra L. Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health and Department of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Fredyc Díaz-Castillo
- Laboratory of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Researches, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Yina Pájaro-González, ; Fredyc Díaz-Castillo,
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Lemus C, Smith-Ravin J, Marcelin O. Mammea americana: A review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rodríguez-Arce E, Cancino P, Arias-Calderón M, Silva-Matus P, Saldías M. Oxoisoaporphines and Aporphines: Versatile Molecules with Anticancer Effects. Molecules 2019; 25:E108. [PMID: 31892146 PMCID: PMC6983244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that involves impaired genome stability with a high mortality index globally. Since its discovery, many have searched for effective treatment, assessing different molecules for their anticancer activity. One of the most studied sources for anticancer therapy is natural compounds and their derivates, like alkaloids, which are organic molecules containing nitrogen atoms in their structure. Among them, oxoisoaporphine and sampangine compounds are receiving increased attention due to their potential anticancer effects. Boldine has also been tested as an anticancer molecule. Boldine is the primary alkaloid extract from boldo, an endemic tree in Chile. These compounds and their derivatives have unique structural properties that potentially have an anticancer mechanism. Different studies showed that this molecule can target cancer cells through several mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species generation, DNA binding, and telomerase enzyme inhibition. In this review, we summarize the state-of-art research related to oxoisoaporphine, sampangine, and boldine, with emphasis on their structural characteristics and the relationship between structure, activity, methods of extraction or synthesis, and anticancer mechanism. With an effective cancer therapy still lacking, these three compounds are good candidates for new anticancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8370178, Chile;
| | - Patricio Cancino
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Manuel Arias-Calderón
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
| | - Paul Silva-Matus
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile;
| | - Marianela Saldías
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8370178, Chile;
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Rungrojsakul M, Katekunlaphan T, Saiai A, Ampasavate C, Okonogi S, Sweeney CA, Anuchapreeda S. Down-regulatory mechanism of mammea E/BB from Mammea siamensis seed extract on Wilms' Tumor 1 expression in K562 cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:130. [PMID: 27193767 PMCID: PMC4870773 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) is a biological marker for predicting leukemia progression. In this study, mammea E/BB, an active compound from Saraphi (Mammea siamensis) seed extract was examined for its effect on down-regulatory mechanism of WT1 gene expression, WT1 protein and mRNA stability, and cell proliferation in K562 cell line. Methods M. siamensis seeds were obtained from the region of Chiang Mai (North of Thailand). Mammea E/BB was extracted from seeds of M. siamensis. WT1 protein expression and stability were evaluated by Western blot analysis. WT1 mRNA stability was assessed by qRT-PCR. WT1-DNA binding and WT1 promoter activity were assayed by ChIP assay and luciferase-reporter assay, respectively. Cell cycle arrest was studied by flow cytometry. Results Treatment with mammea E/BB led to down-regulation of WT1 expression. The suppression of WT1 expression did not involve protein and mRNA degradation. Rather, WT1 protein was down-regulated through disruption of transcriptional auto-regulation of the WT1 gene. Mammea E/BB inhibited WT1-DNA binding at the WT1 promoter and decreased luciferase activity. It also disrupted c-Fos/AP-1 binding to the WT1 promoter via ERK1/2 signaling pathway and induced S phase cell cycle arrest in K562 cells. Conclusion Mammea E/BB had pleotropic effects on kinase signaling pathways, resulting in inhibition of leukemia cell proliferation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1107-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Mahdi F, Morgan JB, Liu W, Agarwal AK, Jekabsons MB, Liu Y, Zhou YD, Nagle DG. Sampangine (a Copyrine Alkaloid) Exerts Biological Activities through Cellular Redox Cycling of Its Quinone and Semiquinone Intermediates. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:3018-3023. [PMID: 26637046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The cananga tree alkaloid sampangine (1) has been extensively investigated for its antimicrobial and antitumor potential. Mechanistic studies have linked its biological activities to the reduction of cellular oxygen, the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alterations in heme biosynthesis. Based on the yeast gene deletion library screening results that indicated mitochondrial gene deletions enhanced the sensitivity to 1, the effects of 1 on cellular respiration were examined. Sampangine increased oxygen consumption rates in both yeast and human tumor cells. Mechanistic investigation indicated that 1 may have a modest uncoupling effect, but predominately acts by increasing oxygen consumption independent of mitochondrial complex IV. Sampangine thus appears to undergo redox cycling that may involve respiratory chain-dependent reduction to a semi-iminoquinone followed by oxidation and consequent superoxide production. Relatively high concentrations of 1 showed significant neurotoxicity in studies conducted with rat cerebellar granule neurons, indicating that sampangine use may be associated with potential neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha, Hunan Province 410208, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Dale G Nagle
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha, Hunan Province 410208, People's Republic of China
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Barot KP, Jain SV, Kremer L, Singh S, Ghate MD. Recent advances and therapeutic journey of coumarins: current status and perspectives. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Magadula JJ, Masimba PJ, Tarimo RB, Msengwa Z, Mbwambo ZH, Heydenreich M, Breard D, Richomme P. Mammea-type coumarins from Mammea usambarensis Verdc. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Datta S, Mahdi F, Ali Z, Jekabsons MB, Khan IA, Nagle DG, Zhou YD. Toxins in botanical dietary supplements: blue cohosh components disrupt cellular respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:111-117. [PMID: 24328138 PMCID: PMC3932489 DOI: 10.1021/np400758t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Certain botanical dietary supplements have been associated with idiosyncratic organ-specific toxicity. Similar toxicological events, caused by drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, have forced the withdrawal or U.S. FDA "black box" warnings of major pharmaceuticals. To assess the potential mitochondrial liability of botanical dietary supplements, extracts from 352 authenticated plant samples used in traditional Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Western herbal medicine were evaluated for the ability to disrupt cellular respiration. Blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) methanol extract exhibited mitochondriotoxic activity. Used by some U.S. midwives to help induce labor, blue cohosh has been associated with perinatal stroke, acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, multiple organ injury, and neonatal shock. The potential link between mitochondrial disruption and idiosyncratic herbal intoxication prompted further examination. The C. thalictroides methanol extract and three saponins, cauloside A (1), saponin PE (2), and cauloside C (3), exhibited concentration- and time-dependent mitochondriotoxic activities. Upon treatment, cell respiration rate rapidly increased and then dramatically decreased within minutes. Mechanistic studies revealed that C. thalictroides constituents impair mitochondrial function by disrupting membrane integrity. These studies provide a potential etiological link between this mitochondria-sensitive form of cytotoxicity and idiosyncratic organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Datta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mika B. Jekabsons
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Dale G. Nagle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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Li J, Du L, Kelly M, Zhou YD, Nagle DG. Structures and potential antitumor activity of sesterterpenes from the marine sponge Hyrtios communis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1492-1497. [PMID: 23944963 PMCID: PMC3809078 DOI: 10.1021/np400350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The extract of marine sponge Hyrtios communis was found to inhibit activation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in T47D human breast tumor cells. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the identification of six new (1-6) and five previously reported (7-11) sesterterpene analogues and two unrelated sesterterpenes. Two new sesterterpenes, thorectidaeolide A (1) and 4-acetoxythorectidaeolide A (2), and luffariellolide (11) were among the most potent inhibitors of hypoxia (1% O₂)-induced HIF-1 activation (IC₅₀ values of 3.2, 3.5, and 3.6 μM, respectively). Luffariellolide (11) exhibited a significant level of cytotoxicity that mirrored its HIF-1 inhibitory activity. Neither compound 1, compound 2, nor any of the other less active sesterterpenes suppressed breast tumor T47D or MDA-MB-231 cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Michelle Kelly
- Coasts and Oceans National Centre, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA) Ltd, 41 Market Place, Auckland Central 1010, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Dale G. Nagle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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Li J, Mahdi F, Du L, Jekabsons MB, Zhou YD, Nagle DG. Semisynthetic studies identify mitochondria poisons from botanical dietary supplements--geranyloxycoumarins from Aegle marmelos. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1795-803. [PMID: 23434131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided isolation and subsequent structure elucidation of a Bael tree Aegle marmelos lipid extract yielded two unstable acylated geranyloxycoumarin mixtures (1-2), six geranyloxycoumarins (3-8), (+)-9'-isovaleroxylariciresinol (9), and dehydromarmeline (10). In a T47D cell-based reporter assay, 1 and 2 potently inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activation (IC50 values 0.18 and 1.10 μgmL(-1), respectively). Insufficient material and chemical instability prevented full delineation of the fatty acyl side chain olefin substitution patterns in 1 and 2. Therefore, five fatty acyl geranyloxycoumarin ester derivatives (11-15) were prepared from marmin (3) and commercial fatty acyl chlorides by semisynthesis. The unsaturated C-6' linoleic acid ester derivative 14 that was structurally most similar to 1 and 2, inhibited HIF-1 activation with comparable potency (IC50 0.92 μM). The octanoyl (11) and undecanoyl (12) ester derivatives also suppressed HIF-1 activation (IC50 values 3.1 and 0.87 μM, respectively). Mechanistic studies revealed that these geranyloxycoumarin derivatives disrupt mitochondrial respiration, primarily at complex I. Thus, these compounds may inhibit HIF-1 activation by suppressing mitochondria-mediated hypoxic signaling. One surprising observation was that, while less potent, the purported cancer chemopreventive agent auraptene (8) was found to act as a mitochondrial poison that disrupts HIF-1 signaling in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
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Datta S, Li J, Mahdi F, Jekabsons MB, Nagle DG, Zhou YD. Glycolysis inhibitor screening identifies the bis-geranylacylphloroglucinol protonophore moronone from Moronobea coccinea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:2216-2222. [PMID: 23245650 PMCID: PMC3532528 DOI: 10.1021/np300711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells exhibit enhanced glucose consumption and lactate production even when supplied with adequate oxygen (a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect, or aerobic glycolysis). Pharmacological inhibition of aerobic glycolysis represents a potential tumor-selective approach that targets the metabolic differences between normal and malignant tissues. Human breast tumor MDA-MB-231 cells were used to develop an assay system to discover natural product-based glycolysis inhibitors. The assay employed was based on hypersensitivity to glycolytic inhibition in tumor cells treated with the mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor rotenone. Under such conditions, ATP supply, and hence cell viability, depends exclusively on glycolysis. This assay system was used to evaluate 10648 plant and marine organism extracts from the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Open Repository. Bioassay-guided isolation of an active Moronobea coccinea extract yielded the new bis-geranylacylphloroglucinol derivative moronone (1). Compound 1 exhibited enhanced antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity in the presence of rotenone-imposed metabolic stress on tumor cells. Surprisingly, mechanistic studies revealed that 1 did not inhibit glycolysis, but rather functions as a protonophore that dissipates the mitochondrial proton gradient. In the presence of rotenone, tumor cells may be hypersensitive to protonophores due to increased ATP utilization by the ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Datta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mika B. Jekabsons
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Dale G. Nagle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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Du L, Mahdi F, Datta S, Jekabsons MB, Zhou YD, Nagle DG. Structures and mechanisms of antitumor agents: xestoquinones uncouple cellular respiration and disrupt HIF signaling in human breast tumor cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1553-9. [PMID: 22938093 PMCID: PMC3482980 DOI: 10.1021/np3002892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The organic extract of a marine sponge, Petrosia alfiani, selectively inhibited iron chelator-induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation in a human breast tumor T47D cell-based reporter assay. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded seven xestoquinones (1-7) including three new compounds: 14-hydroxymethylxestoquinone (1), 15-hydroxymethylxestoquinone (2), and 14,15-dihydroxestoquinone (3). Compounds 1-7 were evaluated for their effects on HIF-1 signaling, mitochondrial respiration, and tumor cell proliferation/viability. The known metabolites adociaquinones A (5) and B (6), which possess a 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazine-1,1-dioxide moiety, potently and selectively inhibited iron chelator-induced HIF-1 activation in T47D cells, each with an IC(50) value of 0.2 μM. Mechanistic studies revealed that adociaquinones promote oxygen consumption without affecting mitochondrial membrane potential. Compound 1 both enhances respiration and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting that it acts as a protonophore that uncouples mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Sandipan Datta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mika B. Jekabsons
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Joint Corresponding Authors: Tel: (662) 915–7026. Fax: (662) 915–6975. (D.G.N.). Tel: (662) 915–7026. Fax: (662) 915–6975. (Y.-D.Z.)
| | - Dale G. Nagle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Joint Corresponding Authors: Tel: (662) 915–7026. Fax: (662) 915–6975. (D.G.N.). Tel: (662) 915–7026. Fax: (662) 915–6975. (Y.-D.Z.)
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Li J, Mahdi F, Du L, Datta S, Nagle DG, Zhou YD. Mitochondrial respiration inhibitors suppress protein translation and hypoxic signaling via the hyperphosphorylation and inactivation of translation initiation factor eIF2α and elongation factor eEF2. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1894-1901. [PMID: 21875114 PMCID: PMC3179826 DOI: 10.1021/np200370z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Over 20,000 lipid extracts of plants and marine organisms were evaluated in a human breast tumor T47D cell-based reporter assay for hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided isolation and dereplication-based structure elucidation of an active extract from the Bael tree (Aegle marmelos) afforded two protolimonoids, skimmiarepin A (1) and skimmiarepin C (2). In T47D cells, 1 and 2 inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activation with IC50 values of 0.063 and 0.068 μM, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 also suppressed hypoxic induction of the HIF-1 target genes GLUT-1 and VEGF. Mechanistic studies revealed that 1 and 2 inhibited HIF-1 activation by blocking the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein. At the range of concentrations that inhibited HIF-1 activation, 1 and 2 suppressed cellular respiration by selectively inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport chain at complex I (NADH dehydrogenase). Further investigation indicated that mitochondrial respiration inhibitors such as 1 and rotenone induced the rapid hyperphosphorylation and inhibition of translation initiation factor eIF2α and elongation factor eEF2. The inhibition of protein translation may account for the short-term exposure effects exerted by mitochondrial inhibitors on cellular signaling, while the suppression of cellular ATP production may contribute to the inhibitory effects following extended treatment periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Sandipan Datta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Dale G. Nagle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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Du L, Mahdi F, Jekabsons MB, Nagle DG, Zhou YD. Natural and semisynthetic mammea-type isoprenylated dihydroxycoumarins uncouple cellular respiration. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:240-8. [PMID: 21214226 PMCID: PMC3045645 DOI: 10.1021/np100762s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to identify natural product-based molecular-targeted antitumor agents, mammea-type coumarins from the tropical/subtropical plant Mammea americana were found to inhibit the activation of HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) in human breast and prostate tumor cells. In addition to the recently reported mammea E/BB (15), bioassay-guided fractionation of the active extract yielded 14 mammea-type coumarins including three new compounds, mammea F/BB (1), mammea F/BA (2), and mammea C/AA (3). The absolute configuration of C-1' in 1 was determined by the modified Mosher's method on a methylated derivative. These coumarins were evaluated for their effects on mitochondrial respiration, HIF-1 signaling, and tumor cell proliferation/viability. Acetylation of 1 afforded a triacetoxylated product (A-2) that inhibited HIF-1 activation with increased potency in both T47D (IC(50) 0.83 μM for hypoxia-induced) and PC-3 cells (IC(50) 0.94 μM for hypoxia-induced). Coumarins possessing a 6-prenyl-8-(3-methyloxobutyl) substituent pattern exhibited enhanced HIF-1 inhibitory effects. The O-methylated derivatives were less active at inhibiting HIF-1 and suppressing cell proliferation/viability. Mechanistic studies indicate that these compounds act as anionic protonophores that potently uncouple mitochondrial electron transport and disrupt hypoxic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dale G. Nagle
- Joint corresponding authors. Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. (D.G.N.). Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. (Y.-D.Z.)
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Joint corresponding authors. Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. (D.G.N.). Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. (Y.-D.Z.)
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